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Background to
SITE
PLANNING
Lect. January 20, 2024
Prof. Ar. NKLatogan MSArch.
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Contents:

1. Definition
2. History
3. Site Planning process
What is SITE PLANNING?
Buildings
Roads
Walkway
Trees, garden, pool
(landscape)
Water
Plaza
Pier
environment
Etc.
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 Definition
Site planning is the art and science of arranging the
structures on the land and shaping the spaces
between, an arts of arranging USES of land linked to
architecture, engineering, landscape architecture, and
city planning. Site plans locate objects and activities
in SPACE and TIME. These plans may concern a
small cluster of houses, a single building and its
grounds, or something as extensive as a small
community built in a single operation. Kevin Lynch, Gary Hack;
Site Planning, MIT press, Cambridge 1996
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 Scope of work

• Site Planners designate the uses of land in detail by

selecting and analyzing sites, forming land use
plans, organizing vehicular and pedestrian
circulation, designing visual form and materials
concepts, readjusting the existing landforms by
design grading, providing proper drainage, and
finally developing the construction details
necessary to carry out their projects.
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 No matter what size
and shape the sites
are, large or small,
they must be viewed
as part of the total
environment.

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content/uploads/2014/07/CLR_Penguin-Perspective12.jpg

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• Site planning is professionally
exercised directly by landscape Related profession
architects, but there are related
profession involved which are
architects, urban and regional Urban
planners, engineers. Planning

• On larger commissions the

landscape architect often serve Architecture
Landscape
architecture
as a member of a closely Site
planning
coordinated professional team,
which includes architects, Civil
engineers, planners, and engineering

scientist-advisors.
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 Environment and quality of life
Site planning is the organization of the external
physical environment to accommodate human
behavior. It deals with the qualities and locations of
structures, land, activities and living things. It creates
a pattern of those elements in space and time,
which will be subject to continuous future
management and change.
1. 1. Spirit of place
2. 2. Character of the place
3. 3. Nature of the project
4. 4. Behavioral studies
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 Brief History

• Four basic models of site

planning in history:
1. Fixing the place Fixing the space Defining the enclosure
2. Defining the enclosure
3. Sense of order
4. Form of axial

Sense of order The form of axial

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1. Fixing the space
The image and form of the

9/3/2004
object building are capable
of fixing a place.

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b345dbb6976520abd56336f2.jpg
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 2. Defining the Enclosure
• A collection of independent
structures, which although
unattached, create a coherent image
of place.

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id1012541718?k=20&m=1012541718&s=612x612&w=0&h=N8QCb4VzJHuIhg35ojWm7T5AIGS8Cyst-y_aeTu9qu8=
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3. Sense of order
The form of a building
can be such that a place
may be fixed by the
enclosure of the facades

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 4. The form of axial

• Although the kinetic

implications of the
word “path” are
somewhat
contradictory, paths
are nonetheless
capable of forming
coherent, meaningful
images.
https://media.gettyimages.com/illustrations/plan-of-
roman-forum-illustration-id503782202
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Layers of Site Planning

Mass and space

• Mass and space

Zoning
• Zoning
• circulation Circulation

• Service &
maintenance Service &
maintenance

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The model of Site planning process

• In site planning, as in other forms of problem

solving, the critical thinking process of research,
analysis, and synthesis makes a major contribution
to the formation of design decisions process.

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 Objectives

Need
Natural
Quantity Program Site Site
User & information factors
Time client data analysis analysis
Cultural
Behavior
Synthesis factors
Site potential Aesthetic
factors
Cost Schematic Schematic Schematic
estimate Site plan 1 Site plan 2 Site plan 3

Situation Evaluation Criteria

Selected
Site plan

Development process

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Flow chart of development process

1. Defining the problem.

2. Site and program analysis.
3. Schematic design with preliminary cost
estimate.
4. Design development.
5. Development process.

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 Development process

Project Project Project Project Project

phasing 2 phasing 3 phasing 4 phasing…
phasing 1

Design development & detail costing

Contract document

Bidding & contracting

Construction

Project inspection

Occupation & management

Post Occupancy evaluation

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Scope of work
• Site Planners designate the uses of land in detail by:
1. Selecting the site.
2. Analyzing sites,
3. Forming land use plans,
4. Organizing vehicular and pedestrian circulation,
5. Designing visual form and materials concepts,
6. Readjusting the existing landforms by design grading,
7. Providing proper drainage, and
8. Finally developing the construction details necessary to
carry out their projects. 19
End!
References:

• Apinya/KMUTTarc354intro to site planning. 9/3/2004.

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