LANDSLIDE SINKHOLE EARTHQUAKE
DEFINITION: DEFINITION:
a depression or hole in the ground caused by some
DEFINITION:
downslope movement of rock, dirt, and debris sudden and violent shaking of the ground
caused by deforestation, heavy rain, and form of collapse of the surface layer
due to the tectonic movement of the earth’s
caused by heavy rainfall on soft soil. Soil composed
intense flood crust as seismic waves pass through them
of soft minerals like limestone, salt beds, and acidic
results in loss of life, loss of livelihood, and results in ground shaking, surface ruptures,
rocks are most susceptible to sinkhole formation
property damage liquefaction, landslides, fires, and tsunamis
results in partial/complete collapse of above-
ground structures, property damage, and loss of
ITS TYPES: life
ITS TYPES:
1. Tectonic - caused by the movement of the
1. Soil creep - very slow downslope movement
ITS TYPES: Earth’s plates
2. Slumping - downslope movement along a
1. Solution - formed by chemical weathering, where 2. Volcanic - caused by the movement of
curved plane of failure
water accumulates around a fissure/joint in the rock magma beneath the Earth’s surface
3. Debris Flow - a slope saturated with water
2. Cover-collapse - occurs in the soil or other loose 3. Explosion - caused by the detonation of
that triggers landslide material overlying soluble bedrock explosives
4. Rockfall - sudden slides caused by heavy rain 3. Cover-subsidence - develops where the covering 4. Collapse - occur when buildings or other
sediments contain sand/clay
WHAT TO DO: structures collapse
WHAT TO DO: WHAT TO DO:
Before During After
Before During After Before During After
Stay away from the slide
Build an emergency kit Stay calm and alert
area Listen to local radio or
Listen to local radio or television stations for
Do not get too close to television stations for the Build an emergency kit Duck, cover, and hold
Build an emergency kit the latest emergency
the sinkhole latest emergency information
Listen to local radio or information
Follow evacuation
Create an emergency television stations for
orders from local
plan for your household the latest emergency Move away from
authorities Create an earthquake
information Clean the area. Remove buildings, utility wires, Check yourself and
Call emergency services safety plan for your
Create an emergency any trash, grass, or other sinkholes, and fuel and others for injuries
if the hole is large and household
plan for your household debris from the gas lines
Seek higher ground and evacuate if needed
depression
Recognize warning signs move to an elevated Watch out for flooding
location Be careful around
When refilling and
Identify safe places broken glass and debris.
repairing a sinkhole, be Stay calm and alert
Check for cracks on the Be cautious and inform indoors and outdoor Stay away from
careful not to fill it with
wall and unevenness of people who could be at damaged areas
waste materials as this
floors at your home risk
may cause groundwater
contamination
KNOW THE GROUND,
STAY SAFE & SOUND BE PREPARED!
Hazard Ready Angency Be prepared for the ground beneath
123 Anywhere St., Any City
your feet to move! This guide equips
you with the knowledge to face AN ULTIMATE SURVIVAL GUIDE:
Grade 12 - Newton landslides, sinkholes, and earthquakes.
Learn about its causes, types, and what LANDSLIDES, SINKHOLES &
Balleras, Ezra
Marcelo, Angela
to do before, during, and after these EARTHQUAKES
natural hazards. Stay safe and informed.
