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BIST Technologies Global Education

Private Limited Technology

Robotic Process Automation-UiPath

About Course:
This course points at providing the candidates with the knowledge and understanding of the
concepts of Robotic Process Automation. Robotic Process Automation excludes the demand for
human intrusion for executing monotonous, simple tasks. This course embellishes on the
highlights and advantages of adopting Robotic Process Automation techniques in industries. The
course covers on UiPath, which is an advanced RPA tool. The candidates will gain a meticulous
knowledge of UiPath working right from data input, manipulation, and validation to reporting of
conventional methods and automation with the help of complex utility cases. This will facilitate
the candidates to automate real-world practices associated to multiple sectors such as
Insurance Claim Processing, and Accounts Purchase Order Processing, Invoice Processing,
Complaints Management, Customer Feedback Analysis, Employee Onboarding, Compliance
Reporting and more.

UI Path Course Content

Unit 1: Uipath Setup
⮚ Uipath Setup

Unit 2: Types of Workflows

⮚ Sequences

⮚ Flowcharts

⮚ State Machines

⮚ Global Exception Handler

Unit 3: Introduction

⮚ What is RPA?

⮚ RPA Life cycle

⮚ The User Interface

⮚ Keyboard Shortcuts

⮚ Creating a Basic Workflow

⮚ Managing Packages

Unit 4: Variables
⮚ Managing Variables

⮚ Types of Variables

❖ Generic Value Variables

❖ Text Variables

❖ True or False Variables

❖ Number Variables

❖ Array Variables

❖ Date and Time Variables

❖ Data Table Variables

Unit 5: Arguments
⮚ Managing Arguments

⮚ Using Arguments
Unit 6: Control Flow
⮚ Control Flow Activities

❖ The Assign Activity

❖ The Delay Activity

❖ The If Activity

❖ The Switch Activity

❖ The While Activity

❖ The For Each Activity

❖ The Break Activity

Unit 7: Recording
⮚ About Recording Types

❖ Automatic Recording

❖ Example of Automatic Recording with Basic and Desktop

❖ Example of Automatic Recording with Web

❖ Manual Recording

Unit 8: Different Automation Techniques

⮚ Excel automation

⮚ PDF Automation

⮚ Word Automation

⮚ Email Automation

Unit 9: Reframe work.

⮚ States of reframe work.

⮚ Transitions of reframe work.

⮚ Working with Reframe work.

Unit 10: Orchestrator cloud in UiPath.

Orchestrator UI Interface
Connecting the Local Robot to Orchestrator
Managing and Stopping Orchestrator Processes
Schedules
Managing Logs
Assets
Queues.

CHAPTER-1
Uipath Setup
A Step-by-Step Guide to UiPath Installation

UiPath is a very popular and one of the most widely used tools for Robotic Process Automation
(RPA). UiPath allows IT departments to set up software robots that collect and interpret data in
various applications to automate routine tasks. In this tutorial, you will get a step-by-step
walkthrough on how to install UiPath on your windows environment.

What Are the Prerequisites for UiPath Installation?

To put it simply, there are 2 types of prerequisites which are hardware and software

Hardware

CPU

● The CPU should have a processor of at least a 1.4GHz 32bit configuration. It’s
recommended to have a 1.8GHz 64bit configuration.

RAM

● The device is recommended to have RAM of 8GB. If not, at least a minimum of 4GB.

● A resolution of fewer than 1024x768 pixels will not support it. When Studio is run on
such displays, the Studio Backstage view is improperly displayed.

Operating system

● If you’re using the Windows operating system, then the windows should be of version
8.1,8.1N, 10,10N, and the windows server should be of 2012R2, 2016, 2019 versions.

.Net Framework

● Another prerequisite is to have a .net framework of a minimum of 4.5.2 version

installed.

The different editions that UiPath offers are as follows:

1. Community edition and

2. Enterprise edition.

Community Edition

This edition is for individual developers, small teams, education, and training purposes who are
just starting on their automation journey. The Community Account enables individuals and small
and medium-sized businesses to use the UiPath Platform for direct business purposes. While
large businesses only evaluate their suitability for internal business requirements and non-profit
purposes.

Enterprise edition is further classified into three types, they are:

Enterprise studio: For individual enterprise developers who want to experiment with UiPath
Studio.

Enterprise Cloud: Cloud-based deployment of the entire RPA enterprise platform for any size
business.
Enterprise Server: On-premises deployment for entire enterprise automation platform for
large-scale businesses.

To install UiPath community edition

❖ Step1: Go to the official UiPath website “uipath.com”.

Click on “try UiPath for free”.

❖ Step 2: Sign up using your Email ID.

If you already have an existing account, then sign in.

❖ Step 3: After you sign in, click on “download studio”.

Once the file is downloaded, run the setup file and install it.

❖ Step 4: It will ask for a license, select a community license, which is free.

● Profiles in UiPath

● Specialized developers normally use UiPath studio pro.

In this profile, the developer can automate with AI, use advanced RPA features, testing tools, and
sophisticated coding services.

● UiPath studio - This is specifically for RPA Developers

In this profile, the developer can build complex automation that is run by attended or unattended
robots

● UiPath studioX - This is used by business users.

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If you are not a developer, but if you want to automate a simple task. Then it is convenient to use
studioX.

❖ Step 6: Choose the update channel as ‘Preview’ to get the latest updates from
UiPath.

❖ Step 7: Choose the control supports.

Click on continue.

Step 8: UiPath path provides a brief introduction and tutorial video with instructions for
beginners to understand easily.

And voila, UiPath Studio is successfully installed and is ready to get started.

CHAPTER-2
Types of Workflows

The main types of workflows supported by UiPath Studio are:

Sequences - Sequences are suitable for linear processes, as they enable you to smoothly
go from one activity to another, without cluttering your workflow.

Flowcharts - Flowcharts are suitable to a more complex business logic, enabling you to
integrate decisions and connect activities in a more diverse manner, through multiple
branching logic operators.

State Machine - State Machines are suitable for very large workflow. They use a finite
number of states in their execution which are triggered by a condition (transition) or

Global Exception Handler - For determining the workflow behavior when encountering
an execution error, and for debugging processes, Global Exception Handler is most
suited.

CHAPTER-3
Introduction
What is RPA?
Robotic process automation (RPA) is a software technology that makes it easy to build, deploy,
and manage software robots that emulate humans’ actions interacting with digital systems and
software. Just like people, software robots can do things like understand what’s on a screen,
complete the right keystrokes, navigate systems, identify, and extract data, and perform a wide
range of defined actions. But software robots can do it faster and more consistently than people,
without the need to get up and stretch or take a coffee break.

RPA Life cycle:

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The RPA development life cycle is a blueprint that consists of the processes of the organization
to be automated, the criteria to follow, the deployment of a bot, and constant monitoring once the
bot is in place.

RPA process flow is approached in a segmented process to ensure each stage of RPA can be
closely studied, assessed, and improved to enhance delivery, execution, and performance. The
RPA implementation strategy typically consists of the following 6 phases.

Identify

The first stage in RPA lifecycle development and testing is to identify the prospective business
process or processes that can be automated through robotic processes. Remember not all
processes can be automated thru robotic processes, yet.

For example, RPA prefers data in a structured format but more than 75% of data pertaining to
any business is unstructured. Also, RPA is best suited for a rules-based process than a
judgment-based one, even though artificial intelligence and machine learning can help to some
extent with the exceptions of such rules.

Hence, it is important for RPA stakeholders together with the business teams to identify the
correct processes that are viable for RPA development. Usually, RPA development follows a
segmented agile and customized approach.

Analyze
The second stage in the RPA process flow is to analyze the processes that are identified as
potential candidates for automation.

A process architect identifies the requirements for such processes after thoroughly analyzing the
technical feasibility. The degree of automation is assessed in this stage based on the analysis and

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the various complexities involved in the identified processes such as- What is the saving factor in
terms of time and money? Can this automation bring to the whole business process? Does this
automation really improve the quality of the output? What is the business value this automation
can deliver once it is put in place?

Design

In this phase of RPA life cycle development, a Process Definition Document or PDD is prepared.

As the name suggests, this PDD defines the sequence of steps involved in the process to be
automated. This is also the stage in which the dependencies the automated process might have
like the systems it interacts with or the regulations that impact it are identified and mapped.

Next, a flowchart or the Object Model Diagram is prepared which illustrates the sequence of
steps involved in the process to be automated.

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Develop
Once the process for RPA is identified and designed, the next step in the RPA lifecycle is to
develop the automation scripts and codes using various RPA tools available according to the
requirements and definitions arrived in the design phase.

There are various RPA tools available in the market such as Keysight’s Eggplant, Blue Prism,
UiPath, Automation Anywhere, and Pega, each offering a variety of capabilities.

These tools vary according to the requirement and the level of complexity that needs to be
handled. The RPA developer identifies the best tool for the process and builds the bot
accordingly.

In RPA lifecycle development and testing, once the bot is developed and ready, the same is tested
to check whether the bot satisfies all the requirements and is performing as desired.

This post-development test phase is usually conducted by the testing team with QA. Once the bot
passes the QA, the same is ready for deployment.

Implement
The last stage in the RPA lifecycle is Implementation. Once the bot passes all the QA tests, it is
ready to be deployed. All the components are tested for integrity. Any issues that arise are dealt
with by going back to the development and testing stages for a possible resolution.

Once the bot is implemented, it is required to continuously monitor the bot for its performance
and ensure it is running successfully with optimal capacity.

Keyboard Shortcuts
The complete list of keyboard shortcuts for UiPath Studio:

File Management
Ctrl + Shift + N - Creates a new Blank Process.

Ctrl + C - Copies a file from the Project panel into clipboard. Use Ctrl + V to paste it anywhere
in the tree.

Ctrl + O - Enables you to open a previously created workflow, either

the .xaml or project.json file.
Ctrl + L - Opens the folder where the Log files are stored.

Ctrl + S - Saves the currently opened workflow.

Ctrl + Shift + S - Saves all the workflows that are currently open.

Ctrl + V - Pastes a file from clipboard into the Project panel.

Ctrl + Tab - Moves focus between workflows opened in the Designer panel.

Ctrl + W - Closes the workflow file that is in focus in the Designer panel.

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Alt + F7 - Moves focus between Studio panels. When you use Ctrl + Tab or Alt + F7 and hold
the modifier key (Ctrl or Alt respectively), the following window appears, allowing you to
switch between active files and panels in Studio.

Search
F3 or Ctrl + Shift + P - Opens the Command Palette.

Ctrl + Shift + T - Opens the Add an Activity search bar.

Ctrl + Shift + F - Opens the Go to file search bar.

Ctrl + F - Opens the Universal Search bar.

Ctrl + J - Opens the Jump to activity search bar.

Ctrl + 1 - Switches to the Current File tab in the Universal Search bar.

Ctrl + 2 - Switches to the All Files tab in the Universal Search bar.

Ctrl + 4 - Switches to the Variables tab in the Universal Search bar.

Ctrl + 5 - Switches to the Arguments tab in the Universal Search bar.

Ctrl + 6 - Switches to the Imports tab in the Universal Search bar.

Ctrl + 7 - Switches to the Project Files tab in the Universal Search bar.

Ctrl + 8 - Switches to the Dependencies tab in the Universal Search bar.

Ctrl + 9 - Switches to the Snippets tab in the Universal Search bar.

Ctrl + Alt + A - Opens and focuses the Properties panel.

Ctrl + Alt + F - Sets the focus to the search box in the Activities panel.

Ctrl + Alt + O - Sets the focus to the search box in the UI Objects Browser panel.

Ctrl + Alt + P - Opens and focuses the search bar in the Project panel.

Ctrl + Alt + S - Opens and focuses the search bar in Snippets panel.

Tab - Navigates to the next item in the panel or the next element in the activity.

A list of useful keyboard shortcuts is displayed in the Designer panel, when all project files are
closed, as illustrated in the image below:

Comment
Ctrl + D - Ignores the activity that is currently selected by placing it into a Comment
Out container.

Ctrl + E - Removes the activity from the Comment Out container it was placed in.

Debugging
F9 - Marks the selected activity with a breakpoint.

Ctrl + Shift + B - Opens the Breakpoints panel.

Ctrl + Alt + E - Opens the Error List panel.

F10 - When debugging, steps over the execution of a block of activities in the currently selected
workflow.

F11 - When debugging, enables you to step into a block of activities and executes the first one.

Shift + F11 - When debugging, steps out of the current container after its last activity is
executed.

Ctrl + Alt + C - Opens the Citrix Recording toolbar.

Ctrl + Alt + D - Opens the Desktop Recording toolbar.

Ctrl + Alt + W - Opens the Web Recording toolbar.

F2 - Adds delay during a recording activity.

F3 - Lets you specify a custom recording region.

F4 - Lets you choose the UI Framework to record, which can be Default, AA, and UIA.

Workflow Analysis and Execution

F5 - Runs the current project in debugging mode, starting with the .xaml file set as Main.
Ctrl + F5 - Runs the current project.

F6 - Runs the currently opened .xaml file in debugging mode.

Ctrl + F6 - Runs the currently opened .xaml file.
F7 - Checks the file for validation errors and Workflow Analyzer violations.

Shift + F7 - Checks the whole project for validation errors and Workflow Analyzer violations.

F8 - Checks the currently opened workflow for validation errors.

Shift + F8 - Checks all project files for validation errors.

Pause - Pauses the execution of the current workflow, in both normal and debug mode.

F12 - Stops the execution of the current workflow, in both normal and debug mode.

Selected Activity
Ctrl + T - Places the activity inside the Try section of a Try Catch activity.

Ctrl + C - Copies the selected activity or activities to the clipboard.

Ctrl + V - Pastes the copied activity or activities inside the selected item.

Ctrl + K - Creates a variable of the same type as the required type of the activity when used in
an input field or the Expression Editor. If an expression already exists in the field, before
pressing CTRL + K, you can select that expression or a part of it to use the selected text as the
name of the new variable.

Ctrl + M - Creates an In argument of the same type as the required type of the activity when
used in an input field or the Expression Editor. If an expression already exists in the field,
before pressing CTRL + M, you can select that expression or a part of it to use the selected text
as the name of the new argument.

Ctrl + Shift + M - Creates an Out argument of the same type as the required type of the activity
when used in an input field or the Expression Editor. If an expression already exists in the field,
before pressing CTRL + Shift + M, you can select that expression or a part of it to use the
selected text as the name of the new argument.

Ctrl + Shift + E - Opens the Expression Editor when used inside activity input fields.

Ctrl + Space - Opens the IntelliPrompt window.

F2 - Allows for renaming the selected activity.

Shift + F2 - Adds an annotation to a selected activity.

Enter - Saves the data added in the activity input field.

Shift + Enter - Adds a new line in the activity input field.

Tab - Moves through the fields and buttons in the activity, including the menu displayed
when you hover the mouse over an input field.

Test Automation
Ctrl + Alt + T - Open Test Explorer panel. You can use this anywhere within
the Designer panel.

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Alt + T - Open Test Results sub-panel in Test Explorer. You can use this only in the Test
Explorer panel.

Alt + A - Open Activity sub-panel in Test Explorer. You can use this only in the Test
Explorer panel.

Arguments Dialogs
The following keyboard shortcuts are available in Arguments dialog boxes available in activities
such as Invoke Workflow File and Inject .NET Code:

Tab - Moves through the items in the grid.

Delete - Deletes the item selected in the grid.

F2 - Highlights the current cell for editing, positioning the cursor at the end of the line.

Ctrl + Tab - Moves through the options available in the window for the selected item in the grid
(Delete, Move up, Move Down).

Status Bar
Alt + D - Access the Source Control, Orchestrator folders, and Orchestrator/Cloud Connection
menus in the status bar, and then use Shift + Tab to cycle through the menus. Once a menu is
selected, press Enter to open it.

Backstage View
CTRL + Tab - Moves focus between tabs. This also applies to the sub-tabs inside
the Tools and Settings tabs.

Tab - Moves focus between the content inside tabs.

Miscellaneous
F1 - Enables you to access a help topic associated with the currently selected element.

Alt + F4 - Closes the current window.

Alt + - - Opens the Options context menu in the title bar of the currently selected panel. Please
note that this works with the hyphen key above the character keys, not with the minus key in the
numpad.

Windows key + Down Arrow - Restores down the current window.

Ctrl + P - Opens the Manage Packages window.

Esc - Closes the Publish, Manage Packages, File Diff windows.

Ctrl + F1 - Minimizes or expands the ribbon.

Ctrl + Shift + R - Removes all unused project dependencies.

Shift + Tab - Navigates to the previous activity or node in the Activities panel.

Ctrl + Z - Undo the last action.

Ctrl + Y - Redo the last action you've undone.

Shift + F10 - Open the context menu for the selected item (right-click).

Ctrl + Tab - Moves the focus out of multiline text boxes where pressing the Tab key inserts a
tab.

Ctrl + Shift + F10 - Dismisses the tooltip content for the selected item.

Creating a Basic workflow

This tutorial teaches you how to create a basic process in Studio in 10 minutes and run it on your
machine. The example opens a browser, loads a certain web page, scrapes information, and
writes it to the Output panel, and in a Notepad file.

1. Launch Studio. In the HOME Backstage view, click Process to create a new project.
The New Blank Process window is displayed.

2. In the New Blank Process window:

o Enter a name for the new project and a description that summaries what you are
aiming to do with this automation project.

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NOTE: The project name cannot exceed 128 characters, and the description
cannot exceed 500 characters.
o Select the location where to create the project.
o Select Windows for the Compatibility option and VB for Language.

3. Click Create. The new project is opened in Studio.

4. Open Internet Explorer and navigate to https://www.uipath.com/product/studio. You can
use any supported browser, but make sure the required UiPath extension is installed.
5. In the Activities panel, search for Use Application/Browser and drag it to
the Designer panel. Notice that the activity is automatically added inside a Sequence.
6. In Use Application/Browser, click Indicate application to automate, and then move the
mouse pointer to the browser page you just opened. When the window is highlighted,
click anywhere in the browser page.
The Use Application/Browser activity is updated, the URL is added to the Browser
URL field, and a screenshot of the window appears inside the activity.
7. From the Activities panel, add a Get Text activity to the Do container of the Use
Application/Browser activity. Click Indicate in IE, and click on the text that you want
to scrape from the previously loaded web page.
8. In the Variables panel, create a new string variable called GetText, and set its scope
to Sequence. The purpose of this variable is to store the scraped information

9. In the Get Text activity, insert the Get Text variable in the Save to field.
10. From the Activities panel, drag a Write Line activity. In the input text field, add the
previously created variable. This activity writes the scraped data to the Output panel.

11. dd another Use Application/Browser activity to the project. Open a Notepad instance,
click Indicate application to automate, and then move the mouse pointer to the Notepad
window you just opened. When the window is highlighted, click anywhere inside it.
The Use Application/Browser activity is updated, the path is added to the Application
path field, and a screenshot of the window appears inside the activity.
12. Add a Type Into activity in the Use Application/Browser activity’s Do container.
Click Indicate in App to select the Notepad window and add the Get Text variable to
the Type this field. This activity writes the scraped text to a Notepad window.

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13. In the ribbon, click Run File or use the Ctrl + F6 shortcut to execute the project.
When the execution is completed, notice that the scraped text is written to the Output panel, and
in the Notepad file.

Introduction to Debugging a Workflow:

Debugging of a single file or the whole project can be performed both from
the Design or Debug ribbon tabs. However, the debugging process is not available if project files
have validation errors.

Step Into
Use Step Into to debug activities one at a time. When this action is triggered, the debugger
opens and highlights the activity before it is executed.

When Step Into is used with Invoke Workflow File activities, the workflow is opened in a new
tab in Read-only mode and each activity is executed one by one.
The keyboard shortcut for Step Into is F11.

Step Over

Unlike the Step Into action, Step Over does not open the current container. When used, the
action debugs the next activity, highlighting containers (such as flowcharts, sequences, or Invoke
Workflow File activities) without opening them.

This action comes in handy for skipping analysis of large containers which are unlikely to trigger
any issues during execution.

Step Over is available using the F10 keyboard shortcut.

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Step Out
As the name suggests, this action is used for stepping out and pausing the execution at the level
of the current container. Step Out completes the execution of activities in the current container,
before pausing the debugging. This option works well with nested sequences.

Step Out is available using the Shift + F11 keyboard shortcut.

Retry
Retry re-executes the previous activity, and throws the exception if it's encountered again. The
activity which threw the exception is highlighted and details about the error are shown in
the Locals and Call Stack panels.

Ignore
The Ignore action can be used to ignore an encountered exception and continue the execution
from the next activity so that the rest of the workflow can be debugged.

This action is useful when jumping over the activity that threw the exception and continuing
debugging the remaining part of the project.

Restart
Restart is available after an exception was thrown and the debug process is paused. The action is
used for restarting the debugging process from the first activity of the project. Use Slow Step to
slow down the debugging speed and properly inspect activities as they are executed.

Please take into consideration that when using this option after using the Run from this
Activity action, the debugging is restarted from the previously indicated activity.

Break
Break allows you to pause the debugging process at any given moment. The activity which is
being debugged remains highlighted when paused. Once this happens, you can choose
to Continue, Step Into, Step Over, or Stop the debugging process.

It is recommended to use Break along with Slow Step so that you know exactly when debugging
needs to be paused.

An alternative to using Slow Step in this situation is to keep an eye on the Output panel and
use Break on the activity that is currently being debugged.

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Focus
Focus Execution Point helps you return to the current breakpoint or the activity that caused an
error during debugging. The Focus button is used after navigating through the process, as an
easy way to return to the activity that caused the error and resume the debugging process.

Alternatively, when debugging is paused because a breakpoint was reached, Focus can be used
for returning to said breakpoint, after navigating through activities contained in the automation
process.

A third case is when the debugging is paused either after using Step Into or Step Over and then
navigating through the process. In this case, Focus returns to the activity that paused the
debugging process.

From the Breakpoints context menu, you can select Focus to highlight the activity with the
breakpoint.

Slow Step
Slow Step enables you to take a closer look at any activity during debugging. While this action is
enabled, activities are highlighted in the debugging process. Moreover, containers such as
flowcharts, sequences, or Invoke Workflow File activities are opened. This is similar to
using Step Into, but without having to pause the debugging process.

Slow Step can be activated both before or during the debugging process. Activating the action
does not pause debugging.

Although called Slow Step, the action comes with 4 different speeds. The selected speed step
runs the debugging process slower than the previous one. For example, debugging with Slow
Step at 1x runs it the slowest, and fastest at 4x. In other words, the speed dictates how fast the
debugger jumps from one activity to the next.

Each time you click Slow Step the speed changes by one step. You can easily tell by the icon,
which updates accordingly.

Execution Trail
The Execution Trail ribbon button is disabled by default. When enabled, it shows the exact
execution path at debugging. As the process is executed, each activity is highlighted and marked
in the Designer panel, showing you the execution as it happens:

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● executed activities are marked and highlighted in green;
● activities that were not executed are not marked in any way;
● activities that threw an exception are marked and highlighted in red.

Highlight Elements
If enabled, UI elements are highlighted during debugging. The option can be used both with
regular and step-by-step debugging.

Log Activities
If enabled, debugged activities are displayed as Trace logs in the Output panel. Note
that Highlight Elements and Log Activities options can only be toggled before debugging, and
persist when reopening the automation project. This is not applicable for invoked workflows
unless these files are opened in the Designer panel.

Logs are automatically sent to Orchestrator if connected, but you can have them stored locally by
disabling the Allow Development Logging option from the Robot Settings tab in the Add or
Edit user window.

Disabling Log Activities can be a way to send smaller log files to Orchestrator.

NOTE: When running processes from Studio, the logs sent to Orchestrator are
always Trace when Log Activities is disabled, and Verbose when Log Activities is enabled. This
overrides both the Robot and the Orchestrator setting.
By default, the debugger logs activities so that each step appears in the Output panel. We
recommend leaving it enabled for easier tracing, as you can see in the image below:

The issue here is that one or more input fields from the User Input sequence are blank, which is a
True condition for the Flow Decision. You can tell this by the fact that, during debugging, the
User Input sequence is executed twice, meaning that one or more fields were left blank during
the first execution.

If you decide to disable the Log Activities option for debugging, Trace logs are not displayed in
the Output panel. In the case of a normal execution with no errors, you only get to see the debug
execution start and end times. However, adding a Log Message can help you determine where
issues might occur.

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For example, you can add a Log Message activity to inform you that, in this case, one or more
input fields are empty. This message appears in the Output panel during debugging, even if
the Log Activities option is disabled, as you can see below:

Remember that you can always filter the messages displayed in the Output panel by simply
selecting the alert types of interest, or even clear all messages.

Note that by default all debugging logs are sent to Orchestrator. You can disable this by clearing
the Allow Development Logging option from the Settings tab in the Add or Edit Robot window.
If this option is disabled, debugging logs are only stored locally.

Continue on Exception
This debugging feature is disabled by default. When disabled in the ribbon, it throws the
execution error and stops the debugging, highlights the activity which threw the exception, and
logs the exception in the Output panel. If a Global Exception Handler was previously set in the
project, the exception is passed on to the handler.

When enabled, the exception is logged in the Output panel, the execution continues

Picture in Picture

The Picture in Picture ribbon option in the Debug tab is available for both executing and
debugging processes or libraries in a separate session on your machine.

If enabled, whenever you select Run or Run File, Debug or Debug File the process starts either
in a separate session or in a virtual desktop in the user session. If Picture in Picture is disabled,
debugging and execution is performed in the current session.

Having the option to run a process in Picture in Picture (PiP) can be very useful in attended
automation. Verify whether a process runs successfully in PiP, and then update the project
settings to indicate if it can be executed using this feature after it is published:

1. In the Project panel, click Settings to open the Project Settings window.
2. In the General tab:

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PiP Options - Indicate whether the project was tested using Picture in Picture and whether it
should start in PiP by default.

▪ Tested for PiP usage; Starting in PiP - The automation has been
approved to run in PiP mode. When run, it starts in PiP by default.
▪ Tested for PiP usage; Not starting in PiP by default - The automation
has been approved to run in PiP mode. When run, it starts in the main
session or desktop by default.
▪ Not tested for PiP usage - The automation has not been approved to run
in PiP mode. When run, it starts in the main session or desktop by default.
If run in PiP, a dialog informs the user it was not tested using this feature
and prompts for confirmation before proceeding.
● PiP Type - Select how to isolate the automation from the user session when
running the project in PiP: New Session (child session on the machine) or New
Desktop (virtual desktop in the user session).
For more information, including limitations of this feature, see Picture in Picture in the Robot
Guide.

Remote Debugging
When this feature is enabled, all run and debug operations are performed on a specified remote
robot instead of the robot installed locally, allowing you to test the automation on different
environments. For more information, see Remote Debugging.

Profile Execution
You can identify performance bottlenecks in the workflow when you debug the file. For more
information, see Profile Execution

Managing Packages

Studio uses NuGet feeds to install activity packages. These feeds can be handled in two ways in
Studio:

● application level - feeds are configured from the Settings > Manage Sources tab;
● project level - feeds are configured from the Manage Packages button in the ribbon.

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To disable an activities feed, you must clear its corresponding checkbox. Enabling or disabling a
feed is applicable both at project and application level.

The package manager functionality enables you to download activity packages, libraries,
frameworks, wrappers, and others, view the ones already installed for your project and update
them, as well as add and remove your own. It shows the list of available packages per feed and
the list of dependencies per current project. The Manage Packages window always opens with
the Project Dependencies list.

CHAPTER-4

Managing Variables

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In Studio, variables are used to store multiple types of data. Another key aspect of variables is
that their value can change so that you can, for example, control how many times the body of a
loop is executed.

NOTE: Variables need to be created with different names, even if used in different Scopes. You
can check out our Workflow Design Naming Conventions recommendations.
From Studio's perspective, the variable's name is its unique ID and it defines the way it’s being
displayed and used. If that changes or gets deleted, Studio is not able to interpret the .xaml files
based on the loaded activities.
The data stored within a variable is called a value, and it can be of multiple types. In UiPath, we
support a large amount of types, ranging from generic value, text, number, data table, time and
date, UiElements to any .Net variable type.

In Studio, all strings have to be placed between quotation marks.

Creating Variables
NOTE: Variables cannot be created if the Designer panel does not contain at least one activity.
From the Body of an Activity
1. From the Activities panel, drag an activity to the Designer panel. Right-click a field and
select Create Variable from the context menu, or press Ctrl+K. The Set Var field is
displayed.
2. Fill in the name and press Enter. The variable is created and visible in the field. Check its
scope and type in the Variables panel.
From Expressions
Alternatively, variables can be created from expressions directly in an activity input field or
the Expression Editor:

1. Select a part of the expression and press Ctrl+K. The Set Var field is displayed.
2. Fill in the name and press Enter. The variable is created. Check its scope and type in
the Variables panel.

Variables created in these two ways automatically receive the type according to the activity. For
example, if you create a variable in the Data Table field of a Write Range activity, the variable's
type is set to DataTable. If you create a variable in the Text field of a Write Line activity, the
variable's type is set to String.

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The scope of such variables is the smallest container it is part of. The type is automatically
generated depending on the selected property.

From the Properties Panel

1. In the Properties panel of any activity, right-click a field that can be edited, and
select Create Variable from the context menu, or press Ctrl+K. The Set Var field is
displayed.
2. Fill in the name and press Enter. The variable is created and visible in the field. Check its
scope and type in the Variables panel.
The scope of variables created in this way is the smallest container it is part of. The type is
automatically generated depending on the selected property.

From the Variables Panel

1. In the Designer panel, click Variables. The Variables panel is displayed.
2. Click the Create Variable line, and fill in the name. A new variable is created.
The default type of variables created this way is String.

Removing Variables
● In the Variables panel, right-click a variable and select the Delete option.
● In the Variables panel, select a variable and press the Delete key.

You can also remove all the variables that are defined in the Variables panel, but not used in
your currently opened project.

To do so, on the Design ribbon tab click Remove Unused Variables. This also removes
variables that are unused but mentioned in annotations.

NOTE: If you remove or upgrade a package that may lead to a variable or argument being
undefined, an Unknown Type is added in its place so that the file can be opened and edited in
Studio.

1. In the Variables panel, from the Variable Type drop-down list, select Browse for Types.
The Browse and Select a .Net Type window is displayed.
2. In the Type Name field, type a keyword for the variable you are looking for, such as
excel. Note that the result section is updated, displaying all the .Net variable types that
contain your keyword.
3. Select one and click OK. A new variable is created with the selected type and is
displayed in the Variables panel.

NOTE: After first using a type of variable from the Browse and Select a .Net
Type window, it is displayed in the Variable Type drop-down list, in
the Variables panel.
Variable and argument types part of assemblies proprietary to Studio or Robot are hidden.
Workflows that reference types from such assemblies should not be affected at runtime. To use a
type from a non-.Net framework assembly, add it as a dependency to your project with the help
of the Manage Packages window.

Types of Variables
Text Variables
A text or string variable is a type of variable that can store only strings. These types of variables
can be used to store any information such as employee names, usernames or any other string.

NOTE: All strings in UiPath have to be placed in between quotes.

Example of Using a Text Variable
To exemplify how you can work with text variables, we are going to create a project that asks for
the user’s name, stores it and displays only the first letter of his name in the Output panel.

1. Create a sequence.
2. Create two simple string variables, FullName and FirstLetter.
3. Add an Input Dialog activity to the Designer panel.
4. In the Input Label field, type "Type your full name please.".

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5. In the Dialog Title field, type "What is your name?".
6. In the Value entered field, add the FullName variable. This variable stores whatever the
user writes when prompted with the Input Dialog activity.
7. Add an Assign activity under the Input Dialog one.
8. In the Properties panel, in the To field, add the FirstLetter variable.
9. In the Value field, type FullName.Substring(0,1). The FirstLetter variable is assigned the
new value created by the FullName.Substring(0,1) expression.
NOTE: This field uses the Substring() function to find the first character from the string
added by the user in the Input Dialog.
10. Add a Write Line activity under the Assign one.
11. In the Properties panel, in the Text field, enter the FirstLetter variable. This means that
the Output panel is going to display the first letter of what the user wrote in the Input
Dialog. The project should look as in the following screenshot.
12. Press F5. The What is your name? window is displayed.
13. Type your name in the text field and click OK. In UiPath Studio, in the Output panel,
note that the first letter of your name is displayed.
True or False Variables
The true or false variable, also known as Boolean, is a type of variable that only has two possible
values, true or false. These variables enable you to make decisions, and thus have a better control
over your flow.

Example of Using a True or False Variable

To exemplify how you can work with true or false variables, we are going to create an
automation that asks the user for his name and gender and displays the results in another
window.

1. Create a new process and add a Flowchart.

2. Create two string variables, Name and Gender. The first is going to be used to store the
name of the user, and the second to store the user’s gender.
3. Create a boolean variable, Male. This variable is going to be used to verify if the user is a
male.
4. Add an Input Dialog activity to the Designer panel and connect it to the Start node.
5. In the Properties panel, in the Label field type "What is your name?".

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6. Add a title and, in the Result field, add the Name variable.
7. Add another Input Dialog activity and connect it to the previous one.
8. In the Properties panel, in the Label field, type "What is your gender?".
9. Add a title and, in the Result field, add the Gender variable.
10. Add a Flow Decision activity to the Designer panel, and connect it to the second Input
Dialog.
11. In the Properties panel, in the Condition field, type Gender = "Male" or Gender =
"male". This activity checks if the user is a male or female.
12. Add two Assign activities.
13. Connect one to the True branch of the Flow Decision activity.
14. In the Properties panel, in the To field enter the Male variable.
15. In the Value field, type True. This assigns the True value to the Male variable when
the Gender = "Male" or Gender = "male" condition is met.
16. Connect the second Assign activity to the False branch of the Flow Decision.
17. In the Properties panel, in the To field, enter the Male variable.
18. In the Value field, type False. This assigns the False value to the Male variable when
the Gender = "Male" or Gender = "male" condition is not met.
19. Add a new Flow Decision and connect the previously added Assign activities to it.
20. In the Properties panel, in the Condition field, type Male = True.
21. Add a Message Box activity and connect it to the True branch of the Flow Decision.
22. In the Properties panel, in the Text field, type Name + " is a " + Gender + ".". This
message displays the name of the user and its gender, if Male is true.
23. Add another Message Box activity and connect it to the False branch of the Flow
Decision.
24. In the Properties panel, in the Text field, type Name + " is a " + Gender + ".". This
message displays the name of the user and its gender, if Male is false. The final project
should look like in the following screenshot.

25. Press F5. The automation is executed. Note that the final Message Box displays the
message as expected.

Example of Using a Number Variable

To exemplify how you can work with number variables, we are going to create an automation
that asks the user for the year in which he or she was born and displays the age in a window.

1. Create a new sequence.

2. Create two Int32 variables, BirthYear and Age. The first stores the user’s birth year and
the second, the user’s age.
3. Add an Input Dialog activity to the sequence.
4. In the Dialog Title and Input Label fields, type an appropriate title and label.
5. In the Value entered field, add the BirthYear variable.
6. Add an Assign activity under the Input Dialog.
7. In the Properties panel, in the To field, add the Age variable.
8. In the Value field, type 2022 – BirthYear. This assigns the value of the subtraction (2022
minus the user’s birth year) to the Age variable.
9. Add a Message Box activity under the Assign one.
10. In the Properties panel, in the Text field, type "Congratulations! You are "
+ Age.ToString + ".".
NOTE: The .ToString method converts the integer stored in the Age variable to a string
and displays it as such.
The final project should look as in the following screenshot.

11. Press F5. The automation is executed. Note that the Message Box displays your age, as
expected.

Array Variables
The array variable is a type of variable which enables you to store multiple values of the same
type.

UiPath Studio supports as many types of arrays as it does types of variables. This means that you
can create an array of numbers, one of strings, one of boolean values and so on.

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Example of Using an Array Variable
To exemplify how you can work with array variables, we are going to create an automation that
asks the user for his first and last name and age, stores the information in an array and then
writes it in a .txt file.
1. Create a new sequence.
2. Create three string variables, FirstName, LastName and Age, in which to store the
information gathered from the user.
3. Create an array of strings variable called NameAge.
4. Add an Input Dialog activity to the Designer panel.
5. Fill in the Dialog Title and Input Label fields to ask for the user’s first name.
6. In the Value entered field, type the FirstName variable. This variable stores the first
name of the user.
7. Add another Input Dialog activity under the previous one.
8. Fill in the Dialog Title and Input Label fields to ask for the user’s last name.
9. In the Value entered field, type the LastName variable. This variable is going to store the
last name of the user.
10. Add another Input Dialog activity under the previous one.
11. Fill in the Dialog Title and Input Label fields to ask for the user’s age.
12. In the Value entered field, type the Age variable. This variable is going to store the age
of the user.
NOTE: We use a string variable and not an integer to store the age, so that we do not
have to convert it later on, when we add it to the string array variable.
13. Add an Assign activity under the last Input Dialog.
14. In the Properties panel, in the To field, type the NameAge variable.
15. In the Value field, type {FirstName,LastName,Age}. This Assign activity enables you to
store all the values from the initial string variables in the NameAge one.
16. Add a Write Text File activity under the Assign one.
17. In the Properties panel, in the FileName field, type the path of the file you want to write
to between quotation marks, such as "%HOMEPATH%\Desktop\array_variable.txt".
NOTE: If the file does not exist at the provided path, it is created.
18. In the Text field, type NameAge(0) + " " + NameAge(1) + " " +NameAge(2) + " ".

19. Press Ctrl + F5 to run the project.

20. Navigate to the file provided at step 17 and double-click it. A Notepad window is
displayed with the information you added at step 20.
Date and Time Variables
The date and time variable is a type of variable that enables you to store information about any
date and time. This type of variable can be found in the Browse and Select a .Net Type window,
under the System namespace System.DateTime. For more information, see Browsing for .Net
Variable Types.
For example, they can be used to append dates to invoices or any other documents you may be
working with and are time-sensitive.

Example of Using a Date and Time Variable

To exemplify how you can work with a date and time variable, we are going to build an
automation that gets the current date and time, subtracts a specific amount of time and writes the
result to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet.

1. Create a new sequence.

2. Create two DateTime variables, Today and LastTime.
3. Create a TimeSpan variable, called Span, and in the Default field type 1.02:10:04.
NOTE: The default value attributed to theSpan variable uses the day.hh:mm:ss format.
4. Add an Assign activity to the Designer panel.
5. In the Properties panel, in the To field, add the Today variable.
6. In the Value field, type Now. This gives you the date and time when the project is
executed, in the dd/MM/yyyy and hh:mm:ss formats.
7. Add another Assign activity under the previous one.
8. In the Properties panel, in the To field, add the LastTime variable.
9. In the Value field, type Today.Subtract(Span). This is going to subtract the default value
of the Span variable from the current date and time, stored in the Today variable.

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10. Add an Excel Process Scope activity under the last Assign one. This activity opens or
reuses Excel processes, loads the Excel project settings, and applies them to the
associated Excel file.
11. Add a Use Excel File activity inside the Excel Process Scope activity.
NOTE: Use the Manage Packages feature to download the Excel activities, if you do not
already have them installed.
12. In the Workbook path field, type the path of the Excel file you want to write to, between
quotation marks. In our case, "%HOMEPATH%\Desktop\urgent_invoice.xlsx".
NOTE: If the file does not exist at the provided path, it is going to be created.
13. Add a Write Cell activity in the Use Excel File activity.
14. In the What to write field, type LastTime.ToString. This transforms the value of
the LastTime variable to a string and writes it to the coordinates previously given.

15. On the right side of the Where to write field, select Plus > Excel > Indicate in
Excel.
16. Inside the Excel file, indicate the cell in which you want to write (in our case, "E3").
Click Confirm after indicating the cell.
The final project should look as in the following screenshot:

17. Press F5. The automation is executed.

18. Navigate to your Excel file and double-click the cell in which you added the date. Note
that the time and date information is displayed in the cell you pointed towards.
Data Table Variables
DataTable variables represent a type of variable that can store big pieces of information,
and act as a database or a simple spreadsheet with rows and columns. They can be found in
the Browse and Select a .Net Type window, under the System.Data namespace
(System.Data.DataTable). For more information, see Browsing for .Net Variable Types.

These variables can be useful to migrate specific data from a database to another, extract
information from a website and store it locally in a spreadsheet and many others.

The initial file is a database of people, transactions, dates, and products. In this example, we are
going to extract their names and order dates and append them to an Excel spreadsheet that
already contains similar information.

1. Create a new sequence.

2. Add an Excel Process Scope activity. This activity opens or reuses Excel processes, loads
the Excel project settings, and applies them to the associated Excel file.
3. Add a Use Excel File activity to the sequence. This activity is required for most of the
Excel-related activities.
NOTE: If you do not have Excel activities installed on your version of UiPath, use
the Manage Packages functionality to get them.
4. Create two DataTable variables, dt_NamesList and dt_DateInfo. These are going to be
used to store information from the initial Excel spreadsheet.
5. In the Properties panel, in the Workbook path field, type the path of the initial Excel
file to be used, between quotation marks.
6. Add two Read Range activities and place them one under the other, in the Use Excel
File activity. These are used to get information from the initial spreadsheet.
7. Select the first Read Range activity. On the right side of the Range field, select Plus

> Excel > Indicate in Excel.

8. Inside the Excel file, indicate the coordinates that tell UiPath Studio from where to
extract information (in our case, "G7:G37"). Click Confirm after selecting the range.
9. In the Save to field, type the name of the first DataTable variable, dt_NamesList. This
variable stores all the information available between the G7 and G37 rows.
10. (Optional) Change the value in the DisplayName field to Read Names, so you can easily
tell apart this activity from the second one.
11. Select the second Read Range activity. On the right side of the Range field, select Plus

> Excel > Indicate in Excel.

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12. Inside the Excel file, indicate the coordinates that contain the order date we want to
extract (in our case, "C7:C37"). Click Confirm after selecting the range.
13. In the Save to field, specify the dt_DateInfo variable. This variable retains all the date
information we require.
14. Add a second Use Excel File activity to the sequence.
15. In the Properties panel, in the Workbook path field, type the path of the Excel file to be
used to store all the information gathered at the previous steps.
16. Add a Write DataTable to Excel activity to the Designer panel, under the second Use
Excel File. This activity is used to write the stored information to another Excel file.
NOTE: The file used with the Write Range activity has to be closed when you run the
project. If it is not closed, an error is displayed and the automation execution stops.
17. In the What to write field, type the dt_NamesList variable.

18. On the right side of the Destination field, select Plus > Excel > Indicate in Excel.
19. Inside the second Excel file, select the starting cell in which information from the initial
file is to be added (in our case, "B7"). Click Confirm.
20. Add another Write DataTable to Excel activity and place it under the first one.
21. In the What to write field, type the dt_DateInfo variable.

22. On the right side of the Destination field, select Plus > Excel > Indicate in Excel.
23. Select the starting cell (in our case, "A7"). Click Confirm.
24. Press F5. Your automation is executed.

CHAPTER-5

Managing Arguments

Arguments are used to pass data from a project to another. In a global sense, they resemble
variables, as they store data dynamically and pass it on. Variables pass data between activities,
while arguments pass data between automations. As a result, they enable you to reuse certain
projects time and again.

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Studio supports a large number of argument types, which coincide with the types of variables.
Therefore, you can create Generic Value, String, Boolean, Object, Array, or DataTable arguments
and you can also browse for .Net types, just as you do in the case of variables.

Additionally, arguments have specific directions (In, Out, In/Out, Property) that tell the
application where the information stored in them is supposed to go.

IMPORTANT:
● If there are both a variable and an argument with the same name, the variable is always
defaulted to and used at runtime.
● Passing In arguments to an Invoke Workflow File activity that is not isolated acts as if a
reference is passed, which means any changes to the object inside the invoked workflow
change the object in the main workflow.
Please take into consideration that if you create an In/Out argument with an In value when used
in the Invoke Workflow activity, and then change the value to Out, you may notice that an error
is thrown when executing the project. This is because the Invoke Workflow activity did not
return the values by reference. Use a Global Handler in your project to get access to the exact
values the arguments had inside the invoked workflow.

Lastly, these arguments can be used to integrate with other tools in your company, as they are
exposed in Orchestrator too. This means that any process you create can now receive input
parameters through the Orchestrator API or interface, as well as return an output to all of the
aforementioned.

Creating Arguments
Argument names should be in upper CamelCase with a prefix stating the argument direction,
such as in_DefaultTimeout, in_FileName, out_TextResult, io_RetryNumber. You can check out
our Workflow Design Naming Conventions recommendations for more details.
From the Data Manager
1. Open the Data Manager, then select New > New Argument.
2. A new item with the default name argument is added under Arguments.
3. Configure the created argument:

● Click the argument name to edit its name.

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● Expand the argument using the arrow to its left, and set the Direction, Data Type,
whether it is Required, and optionally, the Default Value.
From the Data Manager, you can also create arguments in bulk by right-clicking the Arguments
node and then selecting Bulk Create Arguments. A new window is displayed where you can
add and configure multiple arguments.

From the Body of an Activity

1. From the Activities panel, drag an activity to the Designer panel. Right-click a field and
select Create In Argument or Create Out Argument from the context menu.
Alternatively, press Ctrl+M or Ctrl+Shift+M. The Set Arg field is displayed.
2. Fill in the name and press Enter. The argument is created and visible in the field. Check
its direction and type in the Arguments panel.
From Expressions
Alternatively, arguments can be created from expressions directly in an activity input field or
the Expression Editor:

1. Select a part of the expression and press Ctrl+M or Ctrl+Shift+M. The Set Arg field is
displayed.
2. Fill in the name and press Enter. The argument is created. Check its type and direction in
the Arguments panel.

Arguments created in these ways automatically receive the type according to the activity. For
example, if you create an argument in the Data Table field of a Write Range activity, the
argument's type is set to DataTable. If you create an argument in the Text field of a Write
Line activity, the argument's type is set to String.
From the Properties Panel

1. In the Properties panel of any activity, right-click a field that can be edited, and
select Create In Argument or Create Out Argument from the context menu.
Alternatively, press Ctrl+M or Ctrl+Shift+M. The Set Arg field is displayed.
2. Fill in the name and press Enter. The argument is created and visible in the field. Check
its direction and type in the Arguments panel.

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The argument type is automatically generated depending on the selected property.

From the Arguments Panel

1. In the Designer panel, click Arguments. The Arguments panel is displayed.
2. Click the Create Argument line, and fill in the name. A new argument is created.

NOTE: By default, all arguments are of String type and have an In direction.
Removing Arguments
You can remove variables from the Data Manager or from the Variables panel.

From the Data Manager

1. Open the Data Manager and expand the *Variables node.
2. Right-click an argument, and then select Delete. Alternatively, select it and press the
Delete key.
From the Arguments Panel
1. Open the Arguments panel.
2. Right-click an argument, and then select Delete. Alternatively, select it and press the
Delete key

Removing All Unused Arguments

To remove all the arguments that are not used anywhere in the current file, select Remove
Unused > Arguments in the Studio ribbon, and then select Yes when prompted for
confirmation.

Using Arguments
Due to the nature of arguments, you are going to use them a lot in relation with the Invoke
Workflow File and Launch Workflow Interactive activities. They can be found in
the Activities panel, under Workflow > Invoke and they enable you to browse for a project, and
import and edit their arguments.

1. Create a new sequence.

2. In the Arguments panel, create an argument, out_StoreValue.
3. From the Direction list, select Out, and do not change the Argument Type from String.
4. Add an Assign activity to the Designer panel.
5. In the Properties panel, in the To field, add the out_StoreValue argument.
6. In the Value field, type a string, such as "How does one use an argument?".
The first project should look like in the screenshot below.

7. Create a new sequence.

8. Create a string variable, FinalValue.
9. Add an Invoke Workflow File activity to the Designer panel.
10. On the activity, click the Browse (…) button and browse for the previously created
sequence.
11. Click Import Arguments. The Invoked Workflow’s Arguments window is displayed.
Note that the argument of the first sequence is displayed here.
12. In the Value field, add the FinalValue variable and click Ok. The argument is imported
and the value from it is going to be stored in the current project through
the FinalValue variable.
13. Add a Message Box activity under the Invoke Workflow File.
14. In the Properties panel, in the Text field, type FinalValue + " This is how", for example.
The second automation should look like in the screenshot below.

15. Press Ctrl + F6 in the second sequence. The automation is executed correctly and the
message box displays the desired text

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CHAPER-6
Control Flow Activities
The Assign Activity
The Assign activity is an important activity that is going to be used quite often, as it enables you
to assign a value to a variable.

You can use an Assign activity to increment the value of a variable in a loop (see the example in
the The Do While Activity chapter), sum up the value of two or more variables and assign the
result to another variable (see the example in the Generic Value Variables), assign values to an
array (see Array Variables) and so on.

By default, this activity is also included in the Favorites group. To remove it, right-click it and
select Remove.

The Delay Activity

The Delay activity enables you to pause the automation for a custom period of time (in the
hh:mm:ss format). This activity proves itself quite useful in projects that require good timing,
such as waiting for a specific application to start or waiting for some information to be processed
so that you can use it in another activity.

Example of Using the Delay Activity

To exemplify how you can best use the Delay activity, let's create an automation that writes two
messages to the Output panel, with a delay of 20 seconds between them.

1. Create a new flowchart.

2. Add a Write Line activity and connect it to the Start node.
3. Double-click the activity, and in the Text field, type "This is the start time."
4. Add a Delay activity and connect it to the previously added activity.
5. Double-click the activity, and in the Duration field, enter 20 seconds (00h 00m 20.000s).
This is the 20 seconds delay between the two logged messages.
6. Add another Write Line activity and connect it to the previously added activity.
7. In the Text field, type "Message delayed by 20 seconds.".
The final project should look as in the following screenshot.

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8. Press F5. The automation is executed. Note that, in the Output panel, the two messages
added in the Write Line activities are written twenty seconds apart.
The Do While Activity
The Do While activity enables you to execute a specified part of your automation while a
condition is met. When the specified condition is no longer met, the project exits the loop.

This type of activity can be useful to step through all the elements of an array, or execute a
particular activity multiple times. You can increment counters to browse through array indices or
step through a list of items.

NOTE: Do While activities are evaluated only after the body has been executed once.
Example of Using a Do While Activity
To exemplify how to use a Do While activity, let’s create an automation that increments an
integer variable from 0 to 10, and displays a message every time it is incremented.

1. Create a new sequence.

2. Create an integer variable, Counter, with a default value of 0.
3. Add a Do While activity to the Designer panel.
4. In the Body section, add an Assign activity.
5. Select the Assign activity and in the To field, add the Counter variable.
6. In the Value field, type Counter + 1. This helps you increment the value of the variable
with one.
7. Add a Write Line activity, under the Assign one.

8. On the right side of the Text field, select Plus > Open in Advanced Editor.
9. Inside the Expression Editor window, type "The counter is " + Counter.ToString. This
writes the value of the counter in the Output panel each time it is incremented.
10. In the Condition section of the Do While activity, type Counter < 10. The body of
the Do While activity is repeated until the value of the Counter variable is bigger than 10.
11. Press F5. The automation is executed. Note that the Output panel displays the message
indicated in the Write Line activity.

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The If Activity
The If activity contains a statement and two conditions. The first condition (the activity in
the Then section) is executed if the statement is true, while the second one (the activity in the
optional Else section) is executed if the statement is false.

If activities can be useful to make decisions based on the value of variables.

NOTE: The If activity is almost identical to the Flow Decision one. However, the latter can only
be used in flowcharts.
Example of Using an If Activity
To exemplify how you can use the If activity, let’s create an automation that asks the user for two
numbers, checks to see if one is divisible by the other, and depending on the result, displays a
different message in the Output panel.

1. Create a new sequence.

2. Create two integer variables, FirstNumber and SecondNumber for example.
3. Add two Input Dialog activities to the Designer panel.
4. Type titles and labels for both activities and, in the Value entered fields, add
the FirstNumber and SecondNumber variables.
5. Add an If activity to the Designer panel, under the previously added Input Dialog ones.
6. In the Condition section, type FirstNumber mod SecondNumber = 0. This expression
checks if the first number is divisible to the second one, using the mod operator.
7. In the Then section, add a Write Line activity.

8. On the right side of the Text field, select Plus > Open in Advanced Editor.
9. Inside the Expression Editor window, type FirstNumber.ToString + " is divisible by
"+ SecondNumber.ToString + ".". This is the message that is displayed if the first number
is divisible by the second one.
10. Click Show Else to display the Else section, and then add another Write Line activity in
the Else section.
11. Inside the Expression Editor window, type FirstNumber.ToString + " is NOT divisible
by "+ SecondNumber.ToString + ".". This is the message that is displayed if the first
number is not divisible with the second one.

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12. Press F5. The automation is executed.
13. Add numbers when prompted. Note that the Output panel displays the result, depending
on the values added in the Input Dialog windows.
The Switch Activity
The Switch activity enables you to select one choice out of multiple, based on the value of a
specified expression.

By default, the Switch activity uses the integer argument, but you can change it from
the Properties panel, from the TypeArgument list.

The Switch activity can be useful to categorize data according to a custom number of cases. For
example, you can use it to store data into multiple spreadsheets or sort through names of
employees.

Example of Using a Switch Activity

To exemplify how to use the Switch activity, we are going to create an automation that asks the
user for a number, checks if is odd or even, and depending on that, a different message is written
to the Output panel.

Since all odd numbers divided by two have a remainder equal to 1, this project needs only two
cases (0 and 1) , yet keep in mind that this activity supports multiple cases.

1. Create a new sequence.

2. Create an integer variable, Number.
3. Add an Input Dialog activity to the Designer panel.
4. Add a Dialog Title and Input Label to prompt the user for a number.
5. In the Value entered field, add the Number variable.
6. Add a Switch activity, under the Input Dialog.
7. In the Expression field, type Number mod 2. This verifies if the user’s number is
divisible by 2.
8. In the Default section, add a Write Line activity.
9. In the Text field, type Number.ToString + " is an even number.".
10. Click the Add new case line, and in the Case Value field, type 1.
11. Add a Write Line activity to this case.

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12. In the Text activity, type Number.ToString + " is an odd number.".
13. Press F5. The automation is executed. Note that the Output panel displays the data
correctly.
The While Activity
The While activity enables you to execute a specific process repeatedly, while a specific
condition is met. The main difference between this and the Do While activity is that, in the first
one, the condition is evaluated before the body of the loop is executed.

Example of Using a While Activity

To exemplify how to use a While activity, let’s create an automation that increments an integer
variable from 10 to 100, and writes all the numbers to a Microsoft Word document.

1. Create a new sequence.

2. Create an integer variable, Counter, with the default value of 10.
3. Add a While activity to Designer panel.
4. In the Condition field, type Counter < 100. This means that the body of the loop is going
to be repeated until the value of the Counter variable is going to be bigger than 100.
5. In the Body section of the While activity, add an Assign activity.
6. In the To field, add the Counter.
7. In the Value field, type Counter + 1. This increments the value of the Counter with one.
8. Add an Append Text activity under the Assign one.
NOTE: This activity is part of the Word activities package. If you do not have it, use
the package manager functionality to install it.
9. In the File path field, type the path of a Word document in between quotation marks.
NOTE: Make sure that the Word document is not used when running the automation,
otherwise a message error is displayed and the execution is stopped.
10. In the Text field, type "The counter is now " + Counter.ToString +"."
11. Press F5. The automation is executed.

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12. Double-click the Word document specified at step 9. Note that all the numbers between
10 and 100 are written, as expected.
The For Each Activity
The For Each activity enables you to step through arrays, lists, data tables or other types of
collections, so that you can iterate through the data and process each piece of information
individually.

Example of Using a For Each Activity

To exemplify how to use a For Each activity, let’s create an automation that goes through each
element of an array of integers and writes the length of the array and each element to
the Output panel.

1. Create a new sequence.

2. Create an array of integer variables, FibonacciNumbers.
3. In the Default field, type the Fibonacci sequence up to a desired value, such as {1, 1, 2,
3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89}.
4. Add a For Each activity in the Designer panel.
5. Do not make any changes to the ForEach field.
6. In the In field, add the FibonacciNumbers variable. This activity looks at each individual
item in the provided variable.
7. In the Body section of the For Each activity, add a Write Line activity.

8. On the right side of the Text field, select Plus > Open in Advanced Editor.
9. Inside the Expression Editor window, type "The length of this Fibonacci sequence is "
+ FibonacciNumbers.Length.ToString + " and contains the " + item.ToString + "
element.". This expression enables you to write the total number of array elements and
each element of the array in the Output panel.
10. Press F5. The automation is executed. Note that the Output panel displays the correct
message for each element of the array.
NOTE: The Length property enables you to find out the total number of array elements.
The Break Activity
The Break activity enables you to stop the loop at a chosen point, and then continues with the
next activity.

NOTE:
The Break activity can only be used within one of the following activities: For Each, While,
or Do While.

Example of Using a Break Activity

To exemplify how to use the Break activity we are going to build upon the project created
for The For Each Activity. This new project writes only the first iteration of the loop and a few
elements of the array to the Output panel.

1. In the Body of the For Each activity, under the Write Line, add a Break activity.
2. Under the For Each, add a new Write Line activity.

3. On the right side of the Text field, select Plus > Open in Advanced Editor.
4. Inside the Expression Editor window, type FibonacciNumbers(0).ToString + " "
+ FibonacciNumbers(2).ToString + " " + FibonacciNumbers(4).ToString + " "
+ FibonacciNumbers(6).ToString + " " + FibonacciNumbers(8).ToString + " "
+ FibonacciNumbers(10).ToString + " ". This means that only the indicated elements of
the array are going to be written to the Output panel.
The final project should look as in the following screenshot.

5. Press F5. The automation is executed. Note that the Output panel only displays the
first iteration of the loop and the specified array elements from the Write Line activity.

CHAPTER-7
About Recording

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Recording is an important part of UiPath Studio, that can help you save a lot of time when
automating your business processes. This functionality enables you to easily capture a user’s
actions on the screen and translates them into sequences.

These projects can be modified and parameterized so that you can easily replay and reuse them
in as many other processes as you need.

All user interface elements are highlighted while you record, as you can see in the following
screenshot, so that you can be sure the correct buttons, fields or menus are selected.

Interactions with UI elements yield informative screenshots in the automation. These can be
changed, hidden, removed or shown in full size by selecting the respective action from
the Options menu.

All screenshots are automatically saved as .png files in the same location as your project, in a
separate folder named ".screenshot" By default, the path
is: C:\Users\your_user_name\Documents\UiPath\your_project_name\.screenshots.
Regardless of the type of recording selected, some actions are recordable, and some are not.

Example of Automatic Recording With Basic and Desktop

To exemplify how you can use the automatic recording and understand more about the
differences between Basic and Desktop, let’s create the same project for the two.

1. Open Notepad.
2. In UiPath Studio, create a new sequence.
3. In the Design ribbon tab, in the Wizards group, select Recording and then select the
recording type:
● Basic - The Basic Recording toolbar is displayed and the main view is
minimized.
● Desktop - The Desktop Recording toolbar is displayed and the main view is
minimized.
2. In the toolbar, click Record. The automatic recording process starts.
3. In Notepad, click on the main panel. A pop-up window is displayed.
4. Type a custom text and press Enter. The string is displayed in Notepad.

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NOTE: Select the Empty field check box to delete previously existing text. You can also
select this option after the recording is finished, in the Properties panel of the Type
Into activity.
5. From the Format menu, select Font. The Font window is displayed.
6. Select a different font style, such as Bold Italic, and click OK.
7. Press Esc two times. You exit the recording view and the saved project is displayed in
the Designer panel.
8. Press F5. The automation is executed as expected.

Desktop recorder - The top level window selector from the Attach Window container:

Desktop recorder - The partial selector

Basic recorder – The full selector

You can also customize and parameterize this project after it is recorded. To exemplify this, let’s
take the Desktop recording example and build upon it.

For example, let’s assume that we want to extract the number of an invoice from an Excel file,
copy it to a new Notepad application which we close in the end.

1. Add an Excel Application Scope activity before the recording sequence.

2. In the WorkbookPath field, type the path of the Excel file you need to extract
information from.
3. Add a Read Cell activity in the Excel Application Scope.
4. In the Properties panel, add the Sheet Name and Cell information from the Excel file
used.
5. Right-click in the Result field and click Create Variable. The Set Name field is
displayed.
6. Fill in the name, such as InvoiceNumber, and press Enter. The variable of type
'GenericValue' is created and displayed in the Result field and Variables panel.
7. Change the scope of the variable to Main.
8. In the recording sequence, in the Type Into activity, in the Text field, add
the InvoiceNumber variable. This copies the value stored in the variable to Notepad.

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9. Add an Open Application activity between Excel Application Scope and the Recording
sequence.
10. Use Indicate window on screen to select the active Notepad window.
11. Place the Recording sequence inside the Open Application activity.
12. Add a Close Application activity after Open Application.
13. Use Indicate window on screen again to select the active Notepad window to be closed.
14. Make sure the OffsetX and OffsetY properties (Cursor Position) are empty.

CHAPTER-8
About the Excel Activities Package
The Excel activities package aids users to automate all aspects of Microsoft Excel, as we know it
is an application intensely used by many in all types of businesses.

It contains activities that enable you to read information from a cell, columns, rows or ranges,
write to other spreadsheets or workbooks, execute macros, and even extract formulas. You can
also sort data, color code it or append additional information.

Modern Activities
The activities grouped under Modern are the newest activities that were initially designed for the
StudioX profile.

The Excel Modern design experience and activities provide the same functionality as the
StudioX business activities by default in Studio. To find out more about working with Excel
activities in StudioX, see Excel Automation in the StudioX guide.

Modern Design Experience in Studio

Starting with Studio v2021.10 and UiPath.Excel.Activities v2.11.0, a modern design experience
is available in the Studio profile. In the modern experience, the modern activities replace the
classic activities in the Studio profile, and the StudioX design experience is brought to Studio.

The modern design experience is enabled by default. You can select the design experience for
each project from the Excel activities project settings. When the classic experience is enabled for
a project, the classic app integration activities that do not support interacting with Excel from

the Plus menu are available in the Activities Panel in Studio instead of the modern
activities.

activities by selecting Excel data from the Plus menu of each property without having to
manually enter expressions:

● Browse the contents of the file from the menu and select data that matches the type of
each property. For example, you can select cells, ranges, tables, sheets, or charts from the
worksheet. You can also indicate the current row or current sheet in an iteration.

About PDF Automation in UiPath Studio

The PDF Automation in UiPath Studio course is for those with existing knowledge of RPA. You
will learn more about UiPath Studio and PDF data extraction with UiPath. Through video
tutorials, you will learn about the types of PDF documents and how to install the UiPath PDF
Activities package. We teach about UiPath PDF scraping and how to extract data from blocks of
text and tables in PDFs using UiPath Studio.

The PDF Automation in UiPath Studio course is intermediate level. We ask that you have basic
programming knowledge to enroll. You should also have completed the:

● Get Started with RPA Development course.

● Variables, Arguments, and Control Flow in Studio course
● UI Automation with Studio course
Course audience for PDF Automation in UiPath Studio
The PDF Automation in UiPath Studio tutorial is aimed at RPA developers.

Agenda: PDF Automation in Studio

The PDF Automation in UiPath Studio tutorial course covers three key areas. As well as learning
how to install the UiPath PDF Activities Package, this course covers:

● Extracting Data from PDF

● Extracting A Single Piece of Data from PDF
● Extracting Data Using Anchor Base
PDF Automation in UiPath Studio course learning objectives
At the end of the PDF Automation in Studio course, you should be able to:

● Install the UiPath PDF Activities Package.

● Extract large text segments from PDF files using different activities.

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● Extract a single piece of information from a PDF document.
● Use the UI automation capabilities of Studio to extract fluctuating values from multiple
files with the same structure.
Once you’ve completed the PDF Automation in UiPath Studio course there are many other
relevant courses you can move onto to further your training. Check out the RPA Testing with
Studio Pro course. You can see all your RPA course options in the ‘Related Courses’ tab.

About the UiPath Word Automation

This course covers an introduction to Word automation in UiPath. You will learn how to
automate a Word document, creating projects using Word templates. This is a short course that
explains how to get started with Word automation and allows you to practice creating your own
automation projects in Word.

The UiPath Word Automation with StudioX course is aimed at beginners. It takes 30 minutes to
complete. At the end, you will receive a diploma of completion.

Product Alignment: This training is based on the UiPath StudioX 20.4 product version, but
applicable to newer versions as well.
Course Prerequisites
Before taking this course, you should complete the following courses:

● Get Started with StudioX

● User Interface with StudioX
Course Audience
This course is aimed at business users looking to automate Microsoft Word.

UiPath Word Automation with StudioX Agenda

The Word Automation with StudioX course is broken down into two sections. It includes an
introduction to automating in Word and the chance to practice creating automation projects.

● Get Started with Word Automation

● Automating Word Tasks
● Practice: Modify Word Templates
Word Automation with StudioX Learning Objectives
At the end of the UiPath Word Automation with StudioX training, you should be able to:

● Explain how to use Actions and Resources related to Word automation.

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● Create automation projects using Word templates.
The UiPath Word Automation with StudioX course is for beginners, acting as an introduction to
automation in Word. Once you’ve completed this course, there are additional courses you can
take to further your knowledge. Explore Email Automation with StudioX and Decisions,
Iterations and Scenarios in StudioX, or click the ‘Related Courses’ tab to see all your options for
additional learning.
CHAPTER-9
Robotic Enterprise Framework
Robotic Enterprise Framework is a project template based on State Machines. It is created to
fit all of the best practices regarding logging, exception handling, application initialization, and
others, being ready to tackle a complex business scenario.

The template contains several pre-made State containers for initializing applications, retrieving
input data, processing it and ending the transaction. All of these States are connected through
multiple Transitions which cover almost every need in a standard automation scenario. There are

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also multiple invoked workflows, each handling particular aspects of the project.

The default dependencies in a Robotic Enterprise Framework project

are: UiPath.Excel.Activities, UiPath.System.Activities, and UiPath.UIAutomation.Activities.

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The template comes with detailed documentation and examples in the project folder.

CHAPTER-10
UiPath Orchestrator
Introduction
UiPath Orchestrator is a web application that enables you to orchestrate robots in executing
repetitive business processes. Orchestrator manages the resources to be used in automation
projects and consumed by robots, and access to them through support for hierarchical structuring
combined with fine-grained role assignment. It acts as an integration point with third-party
solutions and applications.

Its power comes from its capability of managing your entire robot fleet.

In attended automation, Orchestrator ensures the centralized management and correct delivery of
package versions to robots for execution.

In unattended automation, Orchestrator allows launching unattended execution on the spot or by

setting it up in a preplanned manner with triggers. Orchestrator can distribute the workload to
unattended robots, and when allowed to distribute the workload dynamically (with no
constraints), can maximize efficiency and optimize robot usage.

Main capabilities
● Provisioning - creates and maintains the connection between Robots and the web
application
● Deployment - assures the correct delivery of package versions to the assigned Robots for
execution
● Configuration - maintains and delivers Robot environments and processes configuration
● Queues - ensures automatic workload distribution across Robots
● Monitoring - keeps track of Robot identification data and maintains user permissions
● Logging - stores and indexes the logs to an SQL database and/or Elasticsearch

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● Inter-connectivity - acts as the centralized point of communication for 3rd party
solutions or applications

Tenants
Tenants are designed for the purpose of complete isolation of all Orchestrator entities (i.e.,
Robots, Assets, Queues, etc.) between these segregated instances of your deployment, all without
having to maintain multiple Orchestrators. Some examples of separating your Orchestrator into
tenants:

● A tenant for each regional or international office of your enterprise, as users from each
region have automations specific for the applicable laws and procedures of that region
(e.g., HR processes in the USA vs. Europe or Japan).
● Maintaining multiple development and testing environments.
● Isolating sensitive data, such as payroll processes or confidential projects.
Tenants are thus best used in situations where you want all users, resources, and settings of your
automation solutions to be managed independently by designated tenant administrators.

Folders
Folders enable you to limit access to the administration of the automation (i.e., who can create
Robots, access specific Processes, etc.) while sharing the automation itself across the necessary
departments of your organization.

Robots
Use meaningful names and descriptions for each provisioned Robot. Every time a new Robot is
provisioned, the type of Robot should be chosen accordingly.

● Unattended Robots For Unattended Robots, the Windows credentials are needed to run
unattended jobs on them.
● Attended Robots For Attended Robots, credentials are not needed because the jobs are
triggered manually by human agents, directly on the machine where the Robots are
installed.
The next step after registering the Attended Robot to Orchestrator is to check if its status is
Available on the Robots page.

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Processes
Once in a while, old versions of processes that are not used anymore should be deleted. Versions
can be deleted one-by-one by selecting them manually and clicking the Delete button or
the Delete Inactive button. The latter deletes all the process versions that are not used by any
process.

Jobs
If the Robot needs to run multiple processes with no interruption, all the jobs should be triggered
one after another, even if the Robot is busy. These jobs go in a queue, with the Pending status,
and when the Robot is available again, Orchestrator launches the next job.

Triggers
Besides the obvious functionality, triggers can be used to make a Robot run 24/7. Jobs can be
scheduled one after another (at least one minute distance). If the Robot is not available when the
process should start, the process is added to the jobs queue and is executed as soon as a Robot
becomes available.

Queues
Use a meaningful name and description for each queue created.

At the end of each transaction's life cycle, it is mandatory to set the result of the item processing.
Otherwise, transactions with the New status are automatically transitioned to Abandoned after
24 hours.

Using the Set Transaction Status activity, a queue item's status can be set
to Successful or Failed. Keep in mind that only the Failed items with Application
ErrorType will be retried if configured.

When the same Robots should process two or more types of items, there are at least two ways to
manage them using queues:

1. Create multiple queues, one for each type, and create a process that checks all the queues
in a sequence, and the one with new items should trigger the specific process.
2. Create a single queue for all the items, and for each item, create an argument “Type” or
“Process”. Knowing this parameter, the robot should decide what process should be
invoked.

www.bisttechnologies.com www.gedutech.net
mail: [email protected] mail: [email protected]
contact: +91 8919651415 contact: +91 7676886524
+91 7676886524 +91 8919651415
BIST Technologies Global Education
Private Limited Technology
Transactions
The Add Transaction Item activity brings the option of getting all the Transactions
functionalities without using a queue, but one should still be created before. This activity adds an
item to the queue and sets its status to In Progress. Start using the item right away, and don’t
forget to use the Set Transaction Status activity at the end of your process.

Logs
The Add Log Fields activity adds more arguments to Robot logs for better management. After
using it in the workflow, the Log Message activity also logs the previously added fields.

*****************END*****************

Good luck

www.bisttechnologies.com www.gedutech.net
mail: [email protected] mail: [email protected]
contact: +91 8919651415 contact: +91 7676886524
+91 7676886524 +91 8919651415

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