A MODULE IN

CONJUNCTIONS

NAMES OF SUBMITEES:
Mamac, Crissandra Pearl
Dejan, Jesvi Mae Niña
Catacutan, Kemberly
Villaver, Louie Jey
Endrina, Joan

COURSE, YEAR, & SECTION:

English 2 – Academician

GROUP NUMBER:
Group 7

NAME OF INSTRUCTOR :
Mr. James Amploquio
 TABLE OF
CONTENTS

Preface…………………………………………………………………………………………….
……….......3

Unit 1: Conjunctions………………………………………………………………………………….
……….4

Warm-up
Activity……………………………………………………………………………………..4

Types of Conjunctions……………………………………………………………………...…………………
6

Evaluation……………………………………………………………………………………….
…………….8

Warm-up………………………………………………………………………………….
…………..8

Formative Assessment……………………………………………………………………….
………..8

Assignment……………………………………………………………………………………………………
9

Summative
Assessment………………………………………………………………………………………..9

Summary………………………………………………………………………………….
………………….10

Reflection and Feedback………………………………………………………………………..…….………

10

References……………………………………………………………………………………………………
11

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 PREFACE
This module is designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of conjunctions, one of the
parts of speech that is an essential component of English grammar. Throughout this module, we will delve
into the meaning and usage of conjunctions exploring its uses in sentence structure. Additionally, we will
explore the different types of conjunctions, such as coordinating, subordinating, and correlative
conjunctions, offering insights into how they function within sentences. Moreover, we will delve into the
acronym FANBOYS, which highlights the common coordinating conjunctions and their uses in joining
independent clauses.

By the end of this module, learners will have a firm grasp of conjunctions and their significant role
in constructing clear and cohesive sentences. Thus, they will learn the importance of the proper usage of
conjunctions in effective communication.

We extend our gratitude to all those who contributed to the development of this module, and we
hope that it proves to be a valuable resource for learners in mastering English grammar.

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Study Guides:

1. What are conjunctions and why are they important in sentences?

2. Briefly explain coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions.
3. What does the acronym FANBOYS stand for?
4. How can conjunctions enhance sentence structure?
5. Provide examples of conjunctions in sentences.
6. Reflect on the significance of conjunctions in sentence structure and effective communication.

UNIT 1: CONJUNCTIONS

Learning Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

1. Distinguish conjunctions and its various types from other parts of speech.
2. Organize phrases and sentences containing conjunctions accurately.
3. Compose sentences employing conjunctions correctly in their appropriate contexts.

Let’s Warm-up: Word Scramble

Within the designated box on the left, you will find a series of words with their letters scrambled. Your task
is to unscramble these letters to form the correct words. Once you have deciphered each word, write the
correct words in the corresponding box provided on the right-hand side.

___________________
1. UBT
___________________
2. THEIRE ___________________
3. DAN ___________________
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4. CEBUSEA ___________________
5. YTE ___________________
 ____________

I bought bread. I bought butter. I

bought eggs. I bought vegetables. I
bought fruits. I bought milk.

Rosetta, you sound… off.

Do you notice anything lacking in Rosetta’s sentences? It seems like she might be missing some words that
help connect different parts of her sentences together. It’s likely that she needs to incorporate conjunctions
into her sentences.

Are you familiar with conjunctions? If not, then this module will introduce you to them. This module will
explore what conjunctions are, their meaning, and their definition. We’ll also cover the various types of
conjunctions and how to use them properly in sentences. Additionally, we’ll provide examples and practice
exercises to help you grasp the concept more effectively as we progress along the way.

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Conjunctions are one of the eight parts of speech in

English, according to the traditional grammar. Unubi
(2019) described conjunctions as words that link or
connect two words, phrases, clauses or sentences
together, either in speech or in writing. It can also be

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termed as connectors as they are employed in sentences to make connections. They are considered to be
invariable grammar particle, and they may or may not stand between items they conjoin.

Conjunction is used to make a sentence which having the cohesion and coherence in text. The absence of
the right conjunction will result in having illogical meaning, and the message (N, 2017).

Given below is a list of most commonly used conjunctions in English grammar. There are only a few
common conjunctions, yet these words perform many functions: they present explanations, ideas,
exceptions, consequences, and contrasts.

and as for
because but just as
or neither not only
so whether yet
either nor although
Have a look at the following sentences to understand how conjunctions can be employed in sentences. The
conjunctions are italicized for easy recognition.

1. Regine and I visited Puerto Princesa last weekend.

2. Teacher Agnes likes going to the beach and mountain.
3. I can drive you to the grocery store, but not to the park.
4. Neither the black skirt nor the gray one looks right on me
5. I will be leaving tomorrow so I am trying to finish all the pending assignments.

Types of Conjunctions
The best way to understand conjunctions and how they’re used is to learn the different types of
conjunctions. Conjunctions are categorized into three main types:

Coordinating Conjunctions

Also known as coordinators, the primary role of a coordinating conjunction is to connect or “coordinate”
two sentence elements which are of the same syntactic importance. Think of joining words with words,
phrases with phrases, clauses with clauses, and so on. A coordinating conjunction is usually placed in
between words or a group of words, not at the beginning or end of a sentence.

There are seven coordinating conjunctions in total. Amusingly, these conjunctions form a simple mnemonic
that should help you recall them: FANBOYS.

for connects reasons Hannah jumped uncontrollably for she was happy.
My brother goes to the park and plays basketball
and connects similar ideas
there every weekend.
nor negative form of “or” I don’t like to put carrots not broccoli in my soup.
They rushed her to the hospital, but they were too
but connects opposite ideas
late.
or connects two choices I will go swimming, or I will go hiking.
Ashley studied last night, yet she still got low
yet connects opposite ideas
scores.
connects a problem with a
so It was cold outside, so I put on a sweater.
solution

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Examples of Coordinating Conjunctions in a Sentence

1. I want egg or bacon for breakfast.

2. Teacher Agnes likes going to the beach and mountain.
3. I can drive you to the grocery store, but not to the park.

Subordinating Conjunctions

Also known as subordinators, they are used to connect dependent and independent clauses. A subordinating
conjunction can signify a relationship between the two clauses. It can be a contrast or a cause-and-effect
relationship between two statements or ideas.

Here’s another fun mnemonic to make this list of subordinating conjunctions easy to remember: ON A
WHITE BUS.

 O = once, only if
 N = now that
 A = as, although, after
 W = while, when, whereas, whenever, wherever, whether
 H = how
 I = if, in case, in order to, in the event that
 T = though
 E = even if, even though
 B = because, before
 U = unless, until
 S = so, so that, since, supposing

Examples of Subordinating Conjunctions in a Sentence

1. Because it was raining heavily, we had to cancel our hike to Mt. Naupa.
2. My room was a mess after making a project last night.
3. Unless I get over my fear of heights, I’ll never try bungee jumping.

Correlative Conjunctions

Correlative conjunctions come in pairs, and they connect words or phrases that are equally important within
a sentence. This relationship between the two elements can signify either matching or contrasting ideas.

Examples:

 either/or
 neither/nor
 not only/but also
 so/as
 whether/or
 both/and

Examples of Correlative Conjunctions in a Sentence

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 1. You can either take it or leave it.
2. Not only am I done doing my assignments, but I’m also finished studying my lessons.
3. Both my mother and brother were top passers during their licensure examinations.

Evaluation
Warm-up: Connect Me

Let’s check to see whether you have picked up anything so far. Read the following sentences carefully.
Connect the following ideas using a coordinating conjunction. Write your answer on the space provided.

1. She enjoys reading books. She also loves going for walks in the park. We

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2. The school suspended the class. There’s a heavy that caused flood on some areas.

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3. Janice wants to buy snacks. She left her wallet at home.

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4. My sister has colds. She still bought herself an iced coffee.

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5. Our representative finished second in swimming competition. He remained happy.

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Formative Assessment

Directions: Read each sentence carefully and determine the correct conjunction to fill in the blank. Choose
the best conjunction from the options provided. Encircle the letter corresponding to your chosen
conjunction.

1. She studied hard _____ she still didn’t pass the test.

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a. so b. but c. because d.
or

2. He wanted to go to the party _____ he had to work late.

a. so b. yet c. although d.
nor

3. I can’t decide _____ to eat pizza or sushi for dinner.

a. but b. whether c. unless d.

for

4. Sarah enjoys playing tennis _____ she also loves swimming.

a. and b. but c. while d. as

5. I have to finish my project on time _____ I will lose marks.

a. or b. for c. though d. or

6. The students did well on the exam _____ they had studied diligently.

a. so b. but c. because d.
and

7. You can either come to the concert with us _____ stay home alone.

a. nor b. yet c. because d.

so

8. We went to the beach _____ it was a sunny day.

a. or b. for c. because d. as

9. The chef prepared a delicious meal _____ the customers were very happy.

a. so b. but c. because d.
or

10. I wanted to sleep in _____ I had to wake up early for work.

a. or b. yet c. because d. or

Assignment

Write a short story about your childhood experiences, incorporating

various conjunctions to link and enhance the flow of your story. Place
it on a one whole sheet of paper.

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Summative Assessment

Directions: Read each item carefully. Underline the conjunction used in the sentence. Identify what type of
conjunction it is whether it’s coordinating, correlative, or subordinating conjunction. Write your answer
after each sentence..

1. She is not only intelligent, but also very funny.

2. I will either go for a hike or stay home and watch TV.

3. Stella is not going to school because she is sick.

4. Sleep now or you will miss the class tomorrow.

5. Would you rather go shopping or spend the day at the beach?

6. Khyziell and Chinly went to the beach.

7. It was a long time since someone had come to talk with me on their own.

8. I went to bed for I was feeling exhausted.

9. Though I tried to hang out with them, they did not seem to like me.

10. Andre did not try hard so he did not succeed.

Let’s Summarize

To sum it up, conjunctions, one of the eight parts of speech in English, serve to link or connect
words, phrases, clauses, or sentences, providing cohesion and coherence in communication. They are
indispensable connectors, facilitating logical relationships between ideas and enabling effective expression
in both speech and writing. The absence of the right conjunction can result in confusion or illogical
meaning, emphasizing their importance in conveying clear and meaningful messages.

Conjunctions are categorized into three types. Coordinating conjunctions, such as “and,” “but,” and
“or,” join elements of equal grammatical rank, while subordinating conjunctions, including “because,”
“although,” and “while,” connect dependent and independent clauses, indicating various relationships
between statements or ideas. Correlative conjunctions, like “either/or,” “neither/nor,” and “both/and,” come
in pairs to link equally important elements within a sentence, whether matching or contrasting. By
understanding and utilizing the different types of conjunctions effectively, studemts can enhance the
coherence and clarity of their sentences, as demonstrated in the examples provided.

Reflection Journal

What insights have you learned from this module?

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Which topic do you want to delve deeper into?

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What are your personal thoughts on the module?

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REFERENCES

Conjunctions in English – Explore Meaning, Definition, Types, Usage and Examples. (n.d.). BYJUS.
Retrieved March 28, 2024, from https://byjus.com/english/conjunctions/#list-of-most-commonly-used-
conjunctions-in-daily-communication

N, N. (2017). AVOID THE ERROR IN THE USE CONJUNCTION IN SENTENCES. El-Tsaqafah :

Jurnal Jurusan PBA, 16(1), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.20414/tsaqafah.v16i1.430

Unubi, Abraham. (2019). Conjunctions in English: Meaning, Types and Uses.

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