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CONTENTS (ii) For Air Force Academy-male candidates having age not less
ABOUT THE EXAMINATION than 19 years as on 1st July and not more than 23 years as on
CDS Solved Paper 2020 II 3-39 24. Quadrilateral and polygon 167-176 A career in Defence services is the much sought after 2nd July in accordance with the year of examination. (upper
CDS Solved Paper 2020 I 40-78 25. Circle 177-186 occupation today for those young and courageous youths of age relation of upto 26 years for candidates holding
the country who are willing to dedicate their lives to defend the Commercial Pilot License issued by DGCA).
26. Statistics 187-194 country and its people, the Combined Defence Services
ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS Examination is the first test before they can join one of the best (iii) For Officer’s Training Academy-male candidates (married or
unmarried) and female candidates (unmarried and issueless
1. Number System 1-12
ENGLISH defence forces in the world i.e. the Indian Armed Forces.
widows or divorces who have not remarried) having age not
UPSC conducts the Combined Defence Services Exam twice
27. Antonyms 195-199 less than 18 years as on 1st July and not more than 24 years as
2. Decimal Fraction 13 every year generally in February and August for recruiting
on 2nd July in accordance with the year of examination are
officers for the Indian Military Academy, Naval Academy, Air
3. HCF and LCM of Numbers and Polynomials 14-17 28. Synonyms 200-204 eligible.
Force Academy and Officers Training Academy. Male
29. Spotting the Errors 205-215 candidates can join IMA, Naval and Air Force but for female
4. Square, Roots and Surds 18-20
candidates OTA in army is available.
30. Ordering of Words in a Sentence 216-230 The examination comprises of two stages-the first stage
EDUCATION QUALIFICATION
5. Speed, Time and Distance 21-29 (i) For IMA/OTA a degree from a recognised university or
31. Ordering of Sentences 231-250 consists of written test and those who qualify the written test
6. Work, Time and Unitary Method 30-36 equivalent.
are called for interview by Service Selection Board (SSBs) for
(ii) For Naval Academy degree in engineering from a recognised
7. Percentage 37-41 32. Reading Comprehension 251-275 Intelligence and Personality Test.
university.
8. Simple and Compound Interest 42-45 33. Sentence Improvement 276-284 (iii) For Air Force Academy degree from a recognised university
NATIONALITY (with Physics and Mathematics at 10+2 level) or Bachelor of
9. Profit and Loss 46-48 34. Idioms and Phrases 285-287 A candidate must be either Engineering.
35. Cloze Test 288-302 (i) Indian citizen, or
10. Ratio Proportion and Variation 49-52
(ii) A subject of Bhutan, or
11. Average 53-56 36. Sentence Completion 303-306 (iii) A subject of Nepal, or
EXAMINATION PATTERN
(iv) A Tibetan refugee who came over to India before 1st (a) The written examination will be as follows:
12. Logarithm 57-59 37. Miscellaneous 307-309
January, 1962 with the intention of permanently setting in
Subject Duration No. of Q. Max. Marks
13. Basic operation and Factorisation 60-70 India, or
SCIENCE (v) A person of Indian origin who has migrated from Pakistan, English 2 hours 120 100
14. Linear Equations in One and Two Variables 71-76 Burma, Sri Lanka and East African countries of Kenya,
38. Physics 310-321 General Knowledge 2 hours 120 100
Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi,
15. Quadratic Equations and Inequations 77-86 Elementary Mathematics 2 hours 100 100
39. Chemistry 322-333 Zaire and Ethiopia and Vietnam with the intention of
16. Set Theory 87-88 permanently setting in India.
40. Biology 334-346 Provided that a candidate belonging to categories (ii), (iii), (iv)
17. Law of Indices 89-90 and (v) above shall be a person in whose favour a certificate of Note- For admission in OTA, candidates are required to give
eligibility has been issued by the Government of India. only English and General knowledge papers of 200 marks.
18. Trigonometric Ratios and GENERAL STUDIES Certificate of eligibility, will not , however, be necessary in the One third of the marks will be deducted for each wrong answer.
Trigonometric Identities 91-106
case of candidate who are Gorkha subjects of Nepal. (b) The SSB procedure consists of two stage selection process. Only
41. History 347-371
19. Height and Distance 107-112 those candidates who clear the stage I are permitted to appear
42. Geography 372-403
20. Area and Perimeter 113-133 AGE LIMIT, SEX AND MARITAL STATUS for stage II.
43. Polity 404-439 (i) Stage I comprises of Officer Intelligence Rating (OIR) tests
(i) For IMA and Indian Naval Academy-unmarried male
21. Volume and Surface Area 134-150 and Picture Perception, Description Test (PP and DT)
candidates having age not less than 18 years on 1st July
44. Economy 440-462 and not more than 23 years on 2nd July in accordance (ii) Stage II comprises of Interview, Group Testing Officer tasks,
22. Lines and Angles 151-153
45. General Knowledge 463-488 with the year of examination are eligible. Psychology Tests and the Conference. These tests are
23. Triangles 154-166 conducted over 4 days.
Subjectwise - Chapterwise

TREND ANALYSIS Chemistry (8-10 Questions)

From Chemistry section around 8-10 questions are asked in
the CDS examination as per the analysis of previous years
papers. The section has been divides into three sub sections:
Geography (15-20 Questions)
After analysing previous year question papers, it can be
concluded that around 15-20 questions are asked from
Geography. Questions are asked from various topics related
to the basic concepts of the subject.
! From physical section, 2-3 questions are asked from
topics like Structure of atom, Nature of matter, Concept ! Indian Geography has been given a weightage of about
PAPER I PAPER II ENGLISH of elements, Atoms and molecules etc. 8-10 questions which focuses on topics like Origin of
Earth, Drainage pattern, Disaster related issues, location
ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS CDS English paper contains 120 questions carrying 100 marks to be ! From inorganic section, 3-4 questions have been asked
of important industries etc.
Mathematics is a scoring subject for all competition exams attempted in 120 minutes. Based on the analysis of previous years from p-block elements, Alkali and Alkaline Earth metals, f
as this is the only subject in which you can get full marks. question papers It can be concluded that the exam paper generally and d-block elements. ! Around 4-5 questions are asked from World geography
CDS Mathematics paper contains 100 questions carrying asks questions on following topics. Here along with the topic name ! From organic section, 3-4 questions are asked from topics like location of rivers, Irrigation methods and
100 marks to be attempted in 120 minutes. Both open we have also indicated the approximate number of questions, which topics like Hydrocarbons, Covalent bond, Haloalkanes important Industries in the world etc.
ended as well as close ended questions are asked in the are generally asked from there topics. and Haloarenes etc. ! Around 4-5 questions are asked from Environment and
exam. Based on the analysis of previous years question Sentence improvement (20 to 25) test the area related to Ecology topics like Natural vegetation, National parks,
papers It can be concluded that the exam paper generally idiomatic expression, Proverbs and saying, Prepositional or
Biology (6-8 Questions) Wildlife sanctuary acts and Summits related to
asks questions on following topics. Here along with the The Biology section has been given the weightage of 6-8 environment etc.
conjunctional error etc. Sentence arrangement (8-10 questions)
topic name we have also indicated the approximate questions in the CDS examination. These questions are asked
and para jumbles (10 questions) test the comprehensing ability.
number of questions, which are generally asked from There are 10 questions on Fill in the blanks in which the suitable
from various concepts of Biology. Polity (20-22 Questions)
there topics. ! Around 1-2 questions are asked from ‘Diversity of living Analysing the previous year’s paper, we have come to the
word is to be selected. A passage with blanks under Selecting
orgnaisms’ which includes topics like living world, Plant conclusion that this section has been given a vital role in the
the word’s
Arithmetic (35-40 Questions) kingdom etc. question paper with around 20-22 questions.
(20 questions) tests the ability to pick the correct word that has
Based on the analysis of previous years papers, around 3- the word in the option related to Nouns, Verbs, Preposition or ! From ‘Health and nutrition’ section, 2-3 questions are ! Around 4-5 questions are focused on the topics like
4 questions are based on HCF and LCM of numbers and Conjunction. Spotting the errors (15 questions) checks the other asked related to Blood group, Vitamin and its deficiency, Constitutional development after independence which
1-2 questions asked from each of the topics like Simple aspects of grammar like Syntax, Word usage or Voice and Various diseases etc. includes Preamble, Fundamental rights, Directive
and compound interest, Time and work, Partnership, narration etc. There are short passages that contain 20 questions principles of state policy etc.
! From ‘Genetics and Evolution’ section, 2-3 questions are Around 6-7 questions have been asked from the topic
Profit and loss, Real numbers (statement based), Speed, to test Global, Analytical and reading skills. Synonyms (8-10 !
asked related to Principles of inheritance and variation, Executive and legislature which includes President, two
time and distance and so on. Hence, it constitutes around questions) and Antonyms (8-10 questions) are asked either in the
Molecular basis of inheritance etc. houses of Parliament, State legislature etc. Judiciary has
1/3rd marks of the paper. So, prepare well for this. Word form or in the Sentence form. Another 5 questions are
asked from One word substitution also. been given a weightage of 3-4 questions with emphasise
Algebra (15-20 Questions) on Writ jurisdiction, Appointment of judges etc.
Questions are asked from this section includes Quadratic GENERAL STUDIES
! Apart from this, 3-4 questions are asked from topics like
equations (8-10 questions), Linear equations (4-6 PAPER III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE History (18-20 Questions) Constitutional amendment acts, Constitutional and non-
questions) and Polynomials (4-6 questions). A good Going through the previous years paper of CDS exam, we constitutional bodies, Important judgements etc.
Paper III of the CDS examination is General Knowledge which
hold on the equations will help you get on edge over have found that History section has been given an important
includes two sections Science and General Studies. CDS General
this section.
Knowledge paper contains 120 questions carrying 100 marks to be weightage with around 18-20 questions. The areas which are Economy (8-10 Questions)
given importance includes: With a deep analysis of the previous year’s paper, we have
Geometry (15-18 Questions) attempted in 120 minutes. Based on the analysis of previous years
! About 4-5 questions are asked from Harappan come to the conclusion that about 8-10 questions are asked
Mostly theory based questions are asked from geometry question papers It can be concluded that the exam paper generally
civilization, Mauryan empire, Gupta era etc. Medieval from this section. The focus is on topics like Basic concepts of
i.e. beyond the routine formula based questions. Around asks questions on following topics. Here along with the topic name
India has been given weightage of 2-3 questions with economy (National Income, Demand and Supply), Problems
6-8 questions are asked from Properties of angles and an we have also indicated the approximate number of questions, which
focus on Early Medieval period, Delhi sultanate, Mughal in economy (Poverty and Unemployment), Important
equal number of questions are there from Triangle are generally asked from there topics.
empire (mainly Akbar and his policies). economic curves, Banking sector in India, Schemes and
similarity. There are also around 4-6 questions from policies of the Government of India etc.
Circles and their properties. SCIENCE ! Around 3-4 questions are asked from Modern India
section which includes Causes and consequences of General Knowledge and Current Affairs
Mensuration (10-15 Questions) Physics (10-12 Questions) 1857 revolt, Formation of congress, events related to (15-20 Questions)
The major part of this section is constituted by Area of From Physics section around 10-12 questions are asked in the Freedom struggle in India and Post independence era. The General knowledge and current affairs section plays an
triangles and quadrilateral (8-10 questions) and the CDS examination as per the analysis of previous year papers. ! Art and culture has been given a prominent place in the important role in the CDS exam with approximately 15-20
remaining questions are asked from Surface area and Physics can become and easy subject, if one has clarity of question paper with around 7-8 questions. The focus is questions. Questions are asked from fields like Persons in
Volume of 3D figures. basic concepts. on Art and Architecture of Ancient, Medieval and Modern news, Sports, Books and authors, International relations,
! From Electrostatics section, 2-3 questions are asked from era, Classical dance, Music, Books and authors etc. important National and international events, Awards in
Trigonometry (8-10 Questions) different field, basic knowledge of Armed forces in India etc.
topics like Electric flux, Conductors and insulators, Electric
This can become your strength in the paper, if your basics potential etc.
are good. Direct questions are asked from this topic
! 2-3 questions have been asked from topics like Gravitation,
including 2-4 questions from Heights and distances.
Conservation of mechanical energy, Thermodynamics etc.
Statistics (3-4 Questions) ! The optics section has been given a prominent place as 3-4
Based on the analysis of previous years paper, around 3-4 question have been asked related to Reflection of light, Wave
questions are asked from Mean, Median and Mode. front and Huygen’s principle etc.
 2 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers
ELEMENTARY
MATHEMATICS 5. Let x be the smallest positive if x = 3
3−2
∴Remainder = ( − 1)29 + (1)29
integer such that when 14 1 = − 1+ 1= 0
< 1, < 1 (follow)
divides x, the remainder is 7; 3 3
4. x = 4.232323 …(i)
10. How many pairs ( A, B) are
and when 15 divides x, the
possible in the number

1 remainder is 5. Which one of

the following is correct?
(a) 20 < x < 30
(c) 40 < x < 50
_ (b) Dividend
(b) 30 < x < 40
(d) x > 50

= (Integer quotient) × divisor + remainder

On multiply by 100 both sides, we
get
100x = 423 .2323 …(ii)
On subtracting Eq. (i) from Eq. (ii),
we get
100x − x = 423.2323 … − 4.2323……
419
479865AB if the number is
divisible by 9 and it is given
that the last digit of the number
is odd?
(a) 5
(c) 9
(b) 6
(d) 11
x = 14 p + 7 ⇒ x = 15 q + 5 99x = 419 ⇒ x =

NUMBER SYSTEM
99
Where, p and q are quotients. _ (a) Divisible rule of 9
419 p
How, we can put in the values of p and ∴ is in form and both p and q Sum of digit of the numbers is divisible
q into the equation, starting with 0. 99 q by 9.
When x = 14 p + 7 are integers. The number = 479865 AB
p= 0 x = 14 × 0 + 7 = 7 Hence, statements 2 and 4 are Sum of the digit
2. Consider the following statements 3. When N is divided by 17, the correct and statements 1 and 3 are =4+7 + 9+ 8+ 6+ 5+ A+ B
p=1 x = 14 × 1 + 7 = 21
2019 (II) 1. Unit digit in 17174 is 7. quotient is equal to 182. The p=2 x = 14 × 2 + 7 = 35 etc.
incorrect. = 39 + A + B
difference between the quotient Pairs ( A, B) also the number is odd.
2. Difference of the squares of any When x = 15 q + 5 7. What is the digit in the unit’s
1. Let a and b be two positive real 45 and 54 are two numbers divisible by 9.
two odd numbers is always and the remainder is 175. What q =0 x = 15 × 0 + 5 = 5 place of the number represented
numbers such that a a + b b = 32 Pairs [(1, 5), (5, 1), (3, 3), (6, 9), (8, 7)]
divisible by 8. is the value of N? q =1 x = 15 × 1 + 5 = 20 by 398 − 389 ?
and a b + b a = 31. What is the Option (a) is correct.
5(a + b) 3. Adding 1 to the product of two (a) 2975 (b) 3094 (c) 3101 (d) 3269 q =2 x = 15 × 2 + 5 = 35 (a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 9
value of ? consecutive odd numbers Here, we found the common value for x. 11. Consider the multiplication
7 _ (c) Let the remainder be x. _ (b) x = 3 − 3 = 3 ( 3 − 1)
98 89 89 9
makes it a perfect square.
According to the question, Hece, the least possible value for x for 999 × abc = def 132 in decimal
(a) 5 (b) 7 (c) 9 Which of the above statements We know that, the cyclicity of 3 is 4.
182 − x = 175 which both statements are true, is 35. notation, where a, b, c , d, e and f
(d) Cannot be determined are correct? So, we can write above expression as are digits. What are the values
⇒ x =7 6. Consider the following
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) Only 1 and 2 x = 3 4 × 22 × 31( 3 2 × 4 × 3 − 1)
_ (a) Given, a a + b b = 32 …(i) ∴Number = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder statements :
of a, b, c , d, e and f , respectively?
(c) Only 2 and 3 (d) Only 1 and 3 It will be equal to = 31( 31 − 1) = 3 × 2 = 6
a b + b a = 31 …(ii) = 17 × 182 + 7 (a) 6, 6, 8, 6, 8, 7 (b) 8, 6, 8, 6, 7, 8
On squaring both sides Eqs. (i) and (ii), _ (c )
= 3094 + 7 = 3101
1. 75 is a rational number. Unit digit of the expression is 6.
(c) 6, 8, 8, 7, 8, 6 (d) 8, 6, 8, 8, 6, 7
we get 1. The last digit of a number depends 2. There exists at least a positive 8. Which one of the following is
on the unit digit, so 17 as 7 will show 4. Consider the following 4x 7 _ (d) 999 × abc = def 132
( a a + b b )2 = 32 2 integer x such that − <− . not correct? 999
same characteristic. statements : 5 8
[Q ( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab]
We know, the cyclicity of 7 is 5. x −2 (a) 1 is neither prime nor composite × a b c
∴ a 3 + b 3 + 2 ab ab = 1024 …(iii) 1. If p is relatively prime to each 3. < 1 for all real value of x. (b) 0 is neither positive nor negative
While solving this problem we will def 132
( a b + b a )2 = 312 of q and r, then p is relatively x (c) If p × q is even, then p and q are
a b + b a + 2 ab ab = 961
2 2
…(iv) take the power and divide by 5. 4. 4.232323… can be expressed in In first step 9 × c = unit digit 2
prime to the product qr. always even
On subtracting Eq. (iv) from Eq. (iii), we 174 can be written as 5n + 4, where the form p / q where p and q are c=8
2. If p divides the product qr and (d) 2 is an irrational number
get n = 34 integers. 9 9 9
Hence, 17 174 = 17 ( 5 × 34 + 4 )
if p divides q, then p must _ (c) If p × q is even, then p and q can or
( a 3 + b3 + 2 ab ab ) − ( a 2 b + b2 a + 2 ab ab ) divide r. Which of the above statements × a b 8
cannot be even,
= 1024 − 961 Hence, 7 4 and 17 174 will have same are correct? 7 9 9 2
Which of the above statements Let illustrate with example,
digit in the unit place, so answer is 1. (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 ×
a 3 + b 3 − a 2b − b 2a = 63 is/are correct? Let p = 2 and q = 4, then
2. Let any two odd number be 5 and 3. (c) 3 and 4 (d) 2 and 4 def 132
a 3 − a 2b − b 2a + b 3 = 63 (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 p×q =2 × 4= 8 (even)
According to the question, (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Let p = 2 and q = 3, then
a 2( a − b ) − b 2( a − b ) = 63 _ (d) In second step 9 × b = 9 + (unit digit 3)
⇒ 5 2 − 3 2 = 25 − 9 = 16 p×q =2 × 3= 6
( a 2 − b 2 )( a − b ) = 63 _ (a) 1. 75 is not a rational number. (even) b=6
( a + b )( a − b )( a − b ) = 63 16 which is divisible by 8.
1. Let p = 4, q = 3, r = 5 Only root of perfect square is rational Let p = 3 and q = 4, then 9 9 9
{Qa 2 − b 2 = ( a + b )( a − b )} Let check once more with non number, here 75 is not a perfect p × q = 3 × 4 = 12 (even) × a 6 8
Here, p is relatively prime to q and r.
consecutive odd number be 7 and 3. square. With above example we can conclude 7992
( a + b ) ( a − b )2 = 63 The product of qr = 3 × 5 = 15
According to the question, 4x 7 that if any one of p and q is even we will 5994×
( a + b ) and ( a − b )2 must be a co-prime In this case also p is relatively prime 2. − < − ⇒ −32 x < −35 × ×
⇒ 7 2 − 3 2 = 49 − 9 = 40 5 8 get p × q even.
number, by factorising 63 we get 7 and to product of qr. def 132
9 that can satisfy the above equation. 40 which is divisible by 8. ⇒ 32 x > 35
2. Let p = 4, q = 8 and r = 3
a+ b=7 It is possible, if x ≥ 2. Similarly, a = 8
Q
( a − b )2 = 9 ⇒ a − b = ± 3
So, difference of the square of any two
odd number is divisible by 8.
Here, product of qr = 8 × 3 = 24
x −2 2019 (I) 999
p divides the product of qr but cannot 3. < 1 does not follow for all real
If we take, a − b = − 3, we will get b 3. Let two consecutive number be x and x ×868
divide r. 9. What is the remainder when
negative that can not be possible, x + 2. values, It only follow for natural 7992
a+ b=7 Let p = 4, q = 8 and r = 12 (1729 + 1929 ) is divided by 18?
Q According to the question, x ( x + 2 ) + 1 numbers, 5994×
a−b=3 Product of qr = 96 For example, If x = − 1 7992××
= x 2 + 2 x + 1 = ( x + 1)2 (a) 6 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 0
On solving this, we get p divides the product of qr and also −1 − 2 867132
Thus, adding 1 to the product of two <1 17 29 + 19 29
a=5 divide r. −1 =
consecutive odd numbers makes it _ (d) The values of a, b, c, d , e
⇒ b=2 We cannot say that p will divide r. −3 18
5( a + b ) 5( 5 + 2 )
perfect square. ⇒ <1 (18 − 1)29 (18 + 1)29 and f = 8, 6, 8, 8, 6, 7
Value of = =5 Hence, statements 2 and 3 are Hence, statement 1 is correct and −1 = +
7 7 18 18 Option (d) is correct.
correct and statement 1 is incorrect. statement 2 is incorrect. 3 < 1 (does not follow)
Number System 3 4 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

12. Which of the following On putting in Eq. (i), we get 16. The inequality 3 N > N 3 holds 23. If the sum of the squares of Here, m and n such positive integer
statements is not true? P1 + P2 + P3 = 100
when
2018 (II) three consecutive natural ∴Possible value are
79 + 43 + P3 = 100 numbers is 110, then the sum of (3, 10), (4, 5), (5, 4), (10, 3)
(a) The difference of two prime (a) N is any natural number
122 + P3 = 100 20. How many five-digit numbers of their cubes is
numbers, both greater than 2, is (b) N is a natural number greater than 2 26. If H is the harmonic mean P
P3 = − 22 the form XXYXX is/are divisible
divisible by 2 (c) N is a natural number greater than 3 (a) 625 (b) 654 (c) 684 (d) 725 H H
(It is not a prime) by 33? and Q, then the value of +
(b) For two different integers m, n and a
Then, option (d) is correct answer.
(d) N is a natural number except 3 _ (c) Let the three consecutive natural P Q
prime number p, if p divides the (a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) Infinite numbers be
_ (d) 3 > N
N 3
product m × n, then p divides either ( x − 1), x , ( x + 1)
is
14. What is the unit place digit in Let N = 2, 32 > 2 3 _ (b) For a number to be divisible by 33 it P+Q PQ
m or n According to the question, (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) (d)
the expansion of 773 ? 9 > 8 (It is correct)
must be divisible by 3 and 11.
PQ P+Q
(c) If a number is of the form 6n − 1 Now, a number is divisible by 11, if the ⇒ ( x − 1)2 + x 2 + ( x + 1)2 = 110
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 7 (d) 9 Let N = 3, 3 3 > 3 3 (It is not correct) difference of the sum of digits at odd ( a − b )2 = a 2 + b 2 − 2 ab
(n being a natural number), then it is
Let N = 4, 3 > 4 3
4
Q _ (b) We know that, harmonic mean of a
a prime number _ (c) The unit place digit = 7 places and the sum of digits at even ( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab and b is
81 > 64 (It is correct) places is either zero or divisible by 11.
⇒ x + 1 − 2 x + x 2 + x 2 + 1 + 2 x = 110
2 2 ab
(d) There is only one set of three prime 7 1 = 7  H.M =
 2  Then, N is a natural number except 3. ∴For XXYXX to be divisible by 11 a+ b
numbers such that there is a gap of ⇒ 3x 2 = 110 − 2
2 between two adjacent prime 7 = 9 Hence, option (d) is correct. 2 X + Y − 2 X i.e. Y must either be 0 or 108 2 PQ
7 3 = 3 divisible by 11. ⇒ x2 = = 36 ∴ H=
numbers   3 P+Q
17. Which one of the following is Now, Y cannot be divisible by 11
7 4 = 1 ∴ x =6 2 P+Q
_ (c) Every prime number is of the form  5 
an irrational number? because it is a single digit number. ⇒ =
( 6n − 1) or ( 6n + 1) but every number ∴ Y =0 ∴The numbers are ( 6 − 1), 6, ( 6 + 1) H PQ
7 = 7  (a) 59049
which is of form ( 6n − 1) or ( 6n + 1) not Now, for a number to be divisible by 3 i.e. 5, 6 and 7  1 1
231 ⇒ 2 = H + 
necessarily prime. Then, cyclicity of 7 is 4 (b) the sum of digits must be divisible by 3. Now, sum of their cubes  P Q
593
Examples showing ( 6n − 1)
73
73 i.e. X + X + 0 + X + X or 4X must be = 53 + 63 + 7 3  1 1
7 73 = 7 4 ⇒ remainder = = 1 = 71 (c) 0.45454545.... ⇒ H +  = 2
Let n = 6 4 (d) 0 ⋅ 12112211122211112222....
divisible by 3. = 125 + 216 + 343 = 684  P Q
( 6 × 6 − 1) = 36 − 1 = 35 unit digit. This would happen only when X is either
24. Consider the following H H
(It is not a prime number) _ (d) The number that cannot be 3, 6 or 9. ∴ + =2
Option (c) is correct. expressed in the form of p / q are called statements in respect of three P Q
Let n = 4 ( 6 × 4 − 1) = 24 − 1 = 23 Hence, 3 five-digit numbers of the form
15. Consider the following irrational number. XXYXX are divisible by 33 viz. 33033, 3-digit numbers XYZ, YZX and
(It is a prime number)
statements in respect of two For example 2 , 3, 7 , 11 etc. 66066, 99099. ZXY:
So, option (c) is correct answer.
integers p and q (both > 1) which
Option (a)
21. A five-digit number XY235 is 1. The sum of the numbers is not 2018 (I)
13. The sum of three prime numbers 59049 = 243 divisible by ( X + Y + Z ).
are relatively prime. divisible by 3 where X and Y are
is 100. If one of them exceeds Option (b)
231
(it is p / q form) 2. The sum of the numbers is 27. 517 + 518 + 519 + 520 is divisible
another by 36, then one of the
1. Both p and q may be prime 593 digits satisfying X + Y ≤ 5.
numbers. divisible by 111. by
number is Option (c) 0.454545........ What is the number of possible
2. Both p and q may be composite 45 Which of the above statements (a) 7 (b) 9
(it is p/q form) pairs of values of ( X , Y )?
(a) 17 numbers. 99
is / are correct? (c) 11 (d) 13
(b) 29 (a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 9 (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
_ (d) 5 + 5 + 5 + 5
17 18 19 20
3. One of p and q may be prime Option (d) 0.121122111222 .....
(c) 43
and the other composite. [it can not expressed in form of p / q ] _ (c) Given, XY235 is divisible by 3 and (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
= 517 (1 + 51 + 5 2 + 5 3 )
(d) None of these X+Y≤5
Which of the above statements Then, option (d) is correct answer. _ (b) We have, 3-digits numbers are = 5 (1 + 5 + 25 + 125)
17
Now, for a number to be divisible by 3,
_ (d) The sum of the three prime number are correct? XYZ , YZX , ZXY = 517(156)
( P1 + P2 + P3 ) = 100 …(i) 18. The number 3521 is divided by the sum of digits must be divisible by 3.
XYZ = 100 X + 10Y + Z Q 156 is divisible by 13
(a) 1 and 2 only i.e. X + Y + 2 + 3 + 5 or 10 + X + Y is
Solve by option (b) 2 and 3 only
8. What is the remainder? YZX = 100Y + 10Z + X ∴517 + 518 + 519 + 5 20 is divisible by 13.
divisible by 3.
P1 − P2 = 36 …(ii) (c) 1 and 3 only (a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 7 (d) 9 ZXY = 100Z + 10 X + Y
Now, two cases are possible, i.e. 12 28. Which one of the following is
Option (a) (d) 1, 2 and 3 3 521 XYZ + YZX + ZXY
and 15.
P2 = 17 _ (b) = 100( X + Y + Z ) + 10( X + Y + Z ) correct?
_ (d) p and q are two integers. 8 ∴Possible values of +X+ Y+ Z
P1 − 17 = 36 ( X , Y ) = (1, 1), (2, 0), (1, 4), (2, 3), (a) Decimal expansion of a rational
p and q are also relative prime, HCF = 1 3 ⋅ 3 520 3 ⋅ ( 3 2 )260
P1 = 36 + 17 Remainder = = = ( X + Y + Z ) (100 + 10 + 1) number is terminating
Condition 1 8 8 (3, 2),(4, 1) and (5,0)
P1 = 53 = ( X + Y + Z ) (111) (b) Decimal expansion of a rational
Both p and q may be prime numbers 3 ⋅ ( 8 + 1)260 i.e. 7 possible values are there.
∴The sum of number is divisible by
From Eq. (i), we get = number is non-terminating
( p, q ) = ( 3, 5) HCF = 1 8 22. The number of divisors of the X + Y + Z and 111.
P1 + P2 + P3 = 100 (c) Decimal expansion of an irrational
It is possible. 3(1)260 3 Hence, only statement 2 is correct and
53 + 17 + P3 = 100 = = number 38808 exclusive of the number is terminating
Condition 2 8 8 statement 1 is incorrect.
P3 = 30 divisors 1 and itself, is (d) Decimal expansion of an irrational
(It is not a prime) Both p and q may be composite ∴ 3 is remainder 25. The number of all pairs (m, n), number is non-terminating and non
numbers. (a) 74 (b) 72 (c) 70 (d) 68
Option (b) Option (b) is correct. repeating
Let ( p, q ) = ( 9, 25), HCF = 1 _ (c) To find the number of divisors of a where m and n are positive
P2 = 29 _ (d) Decimal expansion of an irrational
It is also possible. 19. A prime number contains the number we must write it in the form of integers, such that
P1 − 29 = 36 number is non-terminating and non
Condition 3 digit X at unit’s place. How many a mb ncod p … where a, b, c, d … are prime 1 1 1 2
P1 = 36 + 29
such digits of X are possible? numbers. + − = is repeating.
One of p and q may be prime and the m n mn 5
P1 = 65 Now,
(It is not a prime)
other composite. (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6 (a) 6 (b) 5 (c) 4 (d) 2 29. The smallest integer with
Let ( p, q ) = ( 5, 8) HCF = 1 38808 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 7 × 7 × 11 4-digits which is a perfect
Option (c)
It is also possible. _ (b) The digit x at unit’s place in prime = 2 3 × 3 2 × 7 2 × 111 1 1
_ (c) We have, + −
1
=
2
square is ?
P2 = 43 number. Now, number of divisors of 38808 m n mn 5
Then, condition (1), (2) and (3) are n+ m−1 2
P1 − 43 = 36 Then, such digit of x are possible except 1 and 38808 ⇒ =
(a) 1000 (b) 1024
possible.
P1 = 36 + 43 = 79 x = [1, 3, 7, 9] = ( 3 + 1) (2 + 1) (2 + 1) (1 + 1) − 2 mn 5 (c) 1089 (d) None of these
Option (d) is correct.
Option (b) is correct. = 4× 3× 3×2 −2 5n + 5m − 5 = 2 mn _ (b) 1024 = 32
= 72 − 2 = 70 5n − 5 = 2 mn − 5m
Number System 5 6 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

Square of any number last digit must Number of students who appeared 36. a, b, c , d are non-zero integers 40. The number of prime numbers 44. A boy saves ` 4.65 daily. What = 2[2( m2 + n2 + m + n) + 1]
be, 0, 1, 4, 5, 6 or 9.  1 such that (ab) divides (cd). If a which are less then 100 is is the least number of days in = 2k
=  1 −  × 2000
Here, 1024 is only possible square.  25  and c are coprime, then which (a) 24 (b) 25 which he will be able to save an Hence, x 2 + y 2 is even integer,
Hence, smallest four digit number which 24
= × 2000 = 1920 one of the following is correct? (c) 26 (d) 27 exact number of rupees? but x 2 + y 2 is not divisible by 4.
is a perfect square is 1024. 25
Number of passed students =
11
× 1920
(a) a is a factor of c _ (b) Prime numbers less than 100 are 2, 3, (a) 10 (b) 20 48. 2122 + 462 + 842 + 464 + 2130 is
30. The age of a woman is a (b) a is a factor of b 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, (c) 21 (d) 25
20
two-digit integer. On reversing (c) a is a factor of d 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, divisible by which one of the
= 1056 _ (b) From the given options, 20 is the
this integer, the new integer is (d) d is a factor of a 89, 97. least number of days in which he will be following integers?
33. The arithmetic mean of two ∴There are 25 prime numbers less than able to save an exact number of rupees (a) 3 (b) 5
the age of her husband who is _ (c) Since, a and c are coprime, therefore
elder to her. The difference numbers is 10 and their HCF ( a, c ) = 1 100. because 4.65 × 20 = 93, which is an (c) 7 (d) 11
geometric means is 8. What are ⇒ a divides d ⇒ a is a factor of d exact number of rupees.
between their ages is one- 41. (N p−1
− 1) is a multiple of p, if N _ (d) We122have,62
eleventh of their sum. What is the two numbers? 45. What is the remainder when 2 + 4 + 8 42 + 4 64 + 2 130
37. How many numbers between is prime to p and p is a
the difference between their (a) 15, 5 (b) 12, 8 (c) 16, 4 (d) 18, 2 2 100
is divided by 101? ⇒ 2 122 + 2 124 + 2 126 + 2 128 + 2 130
500 and 1000 are divisible by (a) prime number
ages? ⇒ 2 [1 + 2 2 + 2 4 + 2 6 + 2 8 ]
122
_ (c) Let the two numbers be x and y . 13? (b) rational number (a) 1 (b) 11
(c) 99 (d) 100 ⇒ 2 122[1 + 4 + 16 + 64 + 256]
(a) 8 yr (b) 9 yr Q Arithmetic mean = 10 (a) 36 (b) 37 (c) real number
(c) 10 yr (d) 11 yr x + y ⇒ 2 122[341]
∴ = 10 (c) 38 (d) 39 (d) composite number _ (a) Using Fermat’s little theorem,
_ (b) Let the age of woman 2 a p − 1 = 1 (mod p) for prime p. ∴ 2 122 × 31 × 11
and geometric mean = 8 _ (c) Required numbers are 507, 520, ...., _ (a) According to Fermat’s theorem–
= (10x + y) yr If p is a prime number and n is prime to Here, a = 2 and p = 101 given which is divisible by 11.
988, Which forms an A.P. with first term,
According to the question, xy=8 a = 507 and common difference, d = 13. p, then np −1 − 1 is divisible by p. ⇒ 2 100 = 1 mod (101) 49. Let S be a set of first ten natural
her husband age = (10 y + x ) yr ∴ x + y = 20 …(i) Let there are n terms in the above A.P. Q 101 is prime and does not divide 2.
42. Consider the following numbers. What is the possible
Also, 10 y + x − 10x − y and x y = 64 …(ii) Then, an = 988 So, the answer is 1.
1 From Eq. (ii), x y = 64 statements number of pairs (a, b) where a,
= (10x + y + 10 y + x ) We know that, an = a + ( n − 1)d
11 ∴ x (20 − x ) = 64 46. Which of the following is b ∈ S and a ≠ b such that the
[from Eq.(i)] ⇒ a + ( n − 1) d = 988 1. Of two consecutive integers one
1 20x − x 2 = 64 correct in respect of the number product ab (> 12) leaves
⇒ 9 y − 9x = (11x + 11y) ⇒ 507 + ( n − 113 ) = 988 is even.
11 ⇒ x 2 − 20x + 64 = 0 1729? remainder 4 when divided by 12?
⇒ ( n − 113
) = 481 2. Square of an odd integer is of
⇒ 9 y − 9x = x + y ⇒ x 2 − 16x − 4x + 64 = 0 ⇒ n − 1 = 37 the form 8n + 1 (a) It cannot be written as the sum of (a) 4 (b) 6
x 4 ⇒ x ( x − 16) − 4 ( x − 16) = 0 the cubes of two positive integers (c) 8 (d) 10
⇒ 8 y = 10x or = ∴ n = 38 Which of the above statements
y 5 ⇒ ( x − 4) ( x − 16) = 0 (b) It can be written as the sum of the
Thus, there are 38 numbers between is / are correct ? _ (c) The numbers (> 12) which divided by
Q x and y are digits ∴ x =4 500 and 1000, which are divisible cubes of two positive integers in 12 leaves remainder 4, are 16, 28, 40, 52,
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
∴On comparing x = 4 and y = 5 or x = 16 by 13. one way only 64, 76, 88 and 100 and so on.
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) It can be written as the sum of the
∴Woman’s age = 10 × 4 + 5 = 45 yr And y = 16 or y = 4 As ( a, b ) belongs to set of first ten
Her husband’s age = 10 × 5 + 4 = 54 yr 38. Consider the following numbers _ (c) 1. Any integer number is either even cubes of two positive integers in natural numbers and a ≠ b.
∴Required difference = ( 54 − 45) yr 34. Three numbers which are 1. 2222 2. 11664 or odd. Let first number be odd i.e. 2 n + 1, two ways only Hence, possible product ab(> 12 ) leaves
co-prime to each other, are such then next consecutive number will be (d) It can be written as the sum of the remainder 4 when divided by 12 are 16,
= 9 yr 3. 343343 4. 220347
that the product of the first two 2 n + 2 = 2( n + 1) = 2 m = even. cubes of two positive integers in 28 and 40.
31. All odd prime numbers upto is 286 and that of the last two is Which of the above are not If we take first number as even, then three ways only Thus, set of such pairs ( a, b ) are (2, 8),
110 are multiplied together. perfect squares? next number will be 2 n + 1 = odd. (8, 2), (4, 7), (7, 4), (5, 8), (8, 5), (10, 4)
_ (c) We have, 1729 = 1728 + 1 = (12 ) + (1)
3 3
770. What is the sum of the
What is the unit digit in this (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1, 2 and 4 So, one number is always even. and (4, 10)
three numbers? or 1729 = 1000 + 729 = (10)3 + ( 9)3
product? (c) 2, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 3 and 4 2. 12 = 1 = 8 × 0 + 1 Hence, the possible number of such
(a) 85 (b) 80 (c) 75 (d) 70 ∴1729 can be written as sum of the
32 = 9 = 8 × 1 + 1 pairs are 8.
(a) 0 (b) 3 _ (d) We know that, if last digit of number is cubes of two positive integers in two
_ (d) Let the three numbers which are either 2 or 3 or 7 or 8, then that number 5 2 = 25 = 8 × 3 + 1 and so on
(c) 5 (d) None of these ways only. 50. What is the remainder, when
co-prime to each other be x , y and z. cannot be a perfect square number. ∴ Square of any odd integer is always of
_ (c) All odd prime numbers upto 110 are the form 8n + 1.
135 + 145 + 155 + 165 is divided
According to the question, ∴The number in 1, 3 and 4 are not 47. Consider the following
3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, x y = 286 = 13 × 22 perfect squares. Hence, both statements are correct. statements in respect of positive by 29?
43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, and y z = 770 = 22 × 35 odd integers x and y. (a) 8 (b) 5
97, 101, 103, 107 ∴Required numbers are 13, 22 and 35 (c) 3 (d) 0
I. x2 + y2 is even integer.
Now, we know that if 5 is multiplied with
any odd digit the digit at unit place will be
Hence, required sum = 13 + 22 + 35
2017 (I) 2016 (II) II. x2 + y2 is divisible by 4. _ (d) 13 + 16 is divisible by 13 + 16 = 29
5 5

= 70 (as 5 is odd)
5. Which of the above statements
39. What is the remainder when the 43. What would be the maximum Also, 14 + 15 5 is divisible by
5
∴The unit digit of the product of all odd is/are correct?
value of Q in the equation 14 + 15 = 29 (as 5 is odd)
number (4444)4444 is divided by 9?
prime digits upto 110 is 5.
2017 (II) 5 P9 + 3 R7 + 2 Q8 = 1114? (a) I only (b) II only Hence, remainder of
1 (a) 4 (b) 6 (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II  13 5 + 14 5 + 15 5 + 16 5 
32. of the students who registered (a) 9 (b) 8  
25 35. How many numbers from 1 to (c) 7 (d) 8 (c) 5 (d) 4 _ (a) We have,  29 
11 1000 are divisible by 2, 3, 4 _ (c) According to Euler theorem x and y both are positive odd integers.
did not appear for the exam, of _ (a) Given,  13 5 + 16 5 
20 and 5? a φ ( m) ≡ 1 (mod m) 5P 9 + 3R7 + 2Q 8 = 1114 Let x = 2 m + 1 and y = 2 n + 1, when = Remainder of  
m, n ∈ N  29 
those who appeared passed. If (a) 16 (b) 17 ∴ ( 4444)4444 ≡ 4444 6× 740 + 4 From above equation, we get
number of registered students is ∴x 2 + y 2 = (2 m + 1)2 + (2 n + 1)2  14 5 + 15 5 
(c) 32 (d) None of these ≡ 4444 4 P + R + Q + 2 = 11 + Remainder of  
2000, the number who passed is ≡ 7 4 ≡ 16 ⇒ P+ R +Q=9 = 4m2 + 4m + 1 + 4n 2 + 4n + 1  29 
_ (a) LCM of 2, 3, 4, 5 = 60
(a) 1920 (b) 1056 (c) 1020 (d) 864 ≡ 7 (mod 9) Hence, the maximum value of Q is 9. = 4( m2 + n2 + m + n) + 2 =0+ 0=0
Therefore, the numbers from 1 to 1000
∴Remainder is 7.
are divisible by 60 = 
1000 
_ (b) Number of registered students = 2000 = 16
 60 
Number System 7 8 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

51. What is the difference between 54. 710 − 510 is divisible by 3. Every integer is a real number. Hence, 65. Let x and y be positive integers
the sum of the cubes and that of 4. Every rational number is a real 2015 (II) 1
+
1
+
1
+ ... +
1
such that x > y. The expressions
(a) 5 (b) 7 (c) 10 (d) 11
number. 1 × 4 4 × 7 7 × 10 16 × 19
squares of first ten natural 3 x + 2 y and 2 x + 3 y, when
_ (d) 7 − 5 = (7 ) − ( 5 )
10 10 5 2 5 2 60. The largest natural number 6 1
numbers? Which of the above statements = ∑ divided by 5 leave remainders 2
= (7 5 + 5 5 ) (7 5 − 5 5 ) which divides every natural n = 1( 3n − 2 )( 3n + 1)
(a) 2280 (b) 2640 are correct? and 3, respectively. What is the
= (16807 + 3125) (7 5 − 5 5 ) number of the form
(c) 3820 (d) 4130 (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1, 3 and 4 6 1 1 1  remainder when ( x − y), is
= 19932 × (7 5 − 5 5 ) (c) 2 and 3 (d) 3 and 4 (n3 − n) (n − 2), where n is a = ∑ 
n = 13 
− 
3n − 2 3n + 1
_ (b) Sum of cubes of n natural numbers Hence, 19932 is divisible by 11. divided by 5?
n( n + 1)
2
_ (b) 1. Every natural number is a real natural number greater than 2,
= is =
1  1 1   1 1 
 −  +  −  + ...
(a) 4 (b) 2
 2  55. If m and n are distinct natural number, which is correct.
3   1 4   4 7  (c) 1 (d) 0
numbers, then which of the 2. Every real number is an irrational (a) 6 (b) 12
 1 1 
Sum of cubes of first 10 natural
following is/are integer(s)? number, which is incorrect as real (c) 24 (d) 48 +  −  _ (a) We have, 3x + 2 y is divided by 5
10(10 + 1)
2
 16 19  
numbers =   = 3025 number can be rational or irrational. remainder is 2.
_ (c) Let x = ( n − n)( n − 2 ), where n > 2
3
m n
 2  1. + 3. Every integer is a real number, which 1 1 1 18 6 ∴ 3x + 2 y = 5q + 2 …(i)
n m Take n = 3, we get = 1 −  = × =
Sum of square of n natural numbers is correct. 3 19  3 19 19 and 2 x + 3 y is divided by 5 remainder is
2. mn  +  (m2 + n2 )−1 x = ( 3 3 − 3)( 3 − 2 )
n( n + 1)(2 n + 1) m n 3.
=  n m 4. Every rational number is a real
6 number, which is correct. = (27 − 3)(1) 63. A number when divided by 7 ∴ 2 x + 3 y = 5m + 3 …(ii)
Sum of squares of first 10 natural mn = 24 leaves a remainder 3 and the On subtracting Eq. (ii) from Eq.(i) ,
3. 2
numbers m + n2 58. Consider the following which is divisible by 6, 12 and 24. resulting quotient, when divided we get
10(10 + 1) (2 × 10 + 1) statements in respect of the Take n = 4, we get by 11 leaves a remainder 6. If the x − y = 5(q − m) − 1
= = 385
6
Select the correct answer using n(n + 1)
the codes given below. expression Sn = , where n x = ( 4 3 − 4)( 4 − 2 ) same number when divided by 11 x − y = 5(q − m) − 5 + 4
∴ Required difference 2 leaves a remainder m and the x − y = 5(q − m − 1) + 4
= ( 64 − 4) × 2 = 120
= 3025 − 385 = 2640 (a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 2 is an integer. resulting quotient when divided ∴ x − y is divided by 5 remainder is 4.
(c) 2 and 3 (d) Only 3 which is again divisible by 6, 12 and 24.
52. What is the unit digit of 7139 ? 1. There are exactly two values of Now, take n = 5, we get by 7 leaves a remainder n. What 66. The sum of first 47 terms of the
(a) 9 (b) 7
_ (b) n for which Sn = 861. x = ( 5 3 − 5)( 5 − 2 ) are the values of m and n,
series
(c) 6 (d) 3
1. If m and n are distinct natural 2. Sn = S−( n + 1) and hence for any = (125 − 5) × 3 respectively? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
m n + − − − + + + − − ... ,
numbers, then + is integer if integer m, we have two values (a) 1 and 4 (b) 4 and 1
_ (d) The unit digit of 7 = 7 = 120 × 3
1
n m 4 5 6 4 5 6 4 5 6
of n for which Sn = m. (c) 3 and 6 (d) 6 and 3
72 = 9 and only if m = n. = 360 is
73 = 3 Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
Which of the above which is again divisible by 6, 12 and 24. _ (a) This is an example of successive 1
74 = 1 m n statement(s) is/are correct? Hence, 24 is the largest natural number. division. Let the number be N. The (a) 0 (b) −
2. mn  +  ( m2 + n2 )− 1 (a)Only 1 number and successive quotients, the 6
So, cyclic period of unit digit of 7 is 4.  n m 1 9
(b)Only 2 61. The digit in the unit’s place of successive divisors and the (c) (d)
Remainder on dividing 139 by 4 is 3.  m2 + n 2  1 6 20
= mn   =1 (c)Both 1 and 2 the resulting number of the corresponding remainders are tabulated
Hence,  mn  m2 + n2 (d)Neither 1 nor 2 expression (234)100 + (234)101, is below. _ (b) The sum of first 47 terms of the series
unit digit of 7 139 = unit digit of 7 3 = 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Hence, statement 2 is correct for all n ( n + 1) Quotients + − − − + + +
_ (a) 1. S n = = 861 (a) 6 (b) 4 N q1 q2
4 5 6 4 5 6 4 5
53. Let A and B be finite values of m and n. 2 (c) 2 (d) 0 Divisors 7 11 1
non-empty sets with the number 3. Now, 2
mn
is fraction, if m = n. ⇒ n2 + n − 861 × 2 = 0 Remainders 3 6 − − ... 47 term
of elements in A = m and m + n2 ⇒ ( n + 42 ) ( n − 41) = 0 _ (d) We have, 6
(234)100 + (234)101 One value of N is 6 × 7 + 3 = 45 It is clear that sum of first 6 term is zero.
number of elements in B = n . So, statement 3 is incorrect. ∴ n = − 42 , 41
= (234)100(1 + 234) ∴ N = 77 k + 45 Similarly, sum of 42 terms is zero.
Let m > n. If for some integer Hence, statement 1 is correct.
= 235(234)100 = 117( k + 4) + 1 Now, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 terms are
k ≥ 1, the number of non-empty 2. Given, S n = S − ( n + 1)
⇒ m=1 1 1 1 1 1 −1
subsets of A = 2 k + 2 n the 2016 (I) If S n = m, then we have two values of
We know that square of any number
having 4 at unit place is a number in and q 1 = 7 k + 4,q 2 = k and n = 4
+ − − − =
4 5 6 4 5 6
number of non-empty subsets of n if and only if m is positive integer.
which 6 at unit place. Any exponent of a ∴ ( m, n) = (1, 4)
B, then which one of the 56. What is the maximum value of Hence, statement 2 is incorrect. number 6 at unit place is always 6 is at 67. Consider all positive two-digit
following is correct? m, if the number unit place. 64. The seven digit number 876p37q numbers each of which when
59. Let S be a set of first fourteen
(a) m = n + 2 N = 90 × 42 × 324 × 55 is natural numbers. The possible Q (235)(…6) = …30 is divisible by 225. The values divided by 7 leaves a remainder
(b) m = n + 1 divisible by 3 m ? number of pairs (a, b), where a, Resulting number have 0 at unit place. of p and q can be respectively 3. What is their sum?
(c) m = n + p, for some odd prime (a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 6 (d) 5 b ∈ S and a ≠ b such that ab 62. The value of (a) 9, 0 (b) 0, 0 (a) 661 (b) 666
number p (c) 676 (d) 777
(d) m = n + t , for some composite _ (b) We have, N = 90 × 42 × 324 × 55 leaves remainder 1 when divided 1
+
1
+
1
+ ... +
1
, is
(c) 0, 5 (d) 9, 5
number t = 3 × 10 × 3 × 14 × 3 × 4 × 55
2 4 by 15, is 1 × 4 4 × 7 7 × 10 16 × 19 _ (*) Seven digits number 876 p37q is _ (c) Here, required numbers are 10, 17,
24, …, 94
= 3 7 × 10 × 14 × 4 × 55 (a) 3 5 6 divisible by 225, then this number is also
_ (b) According to the question, Hence, N is divisible by 3 7. (b) 5 (a) (b) divisible by 9 and 25. Let total number of such numbers be n.
2 −1= 2 + 2 −1
m k n
19 19 ∴ 94 = 10 + ( n − 17
)
So, the maximum value of m is 7 when (c) 6 8 9 If this number is divisible by 9.
⇒ 2m = 2k + 2n (c) (d) [Q an = a + ( n − 1)d ]
N is divisible by 3 m. (d) None of the above ∴ Sum of its digits is divisible by 9.
By taking option (b), m = n + 1 19 19 ⇒ n = 13
∴ 2 n +1
= 2k + 2n 57. Consider the following statements _ (d) The possible set of pairs ( a, b ) such Now, sum of digits Now, total number of numbers is 13.
that ab leaves remainder 1 when _ (b) We have,
⇒ 2 ⋅2n = 2k + 2n 1 1 1 1 = 8+ 7 + 6+ p+ 3+ 7 + q n
∴ Sum of these numbers = [a + l ]
1. Every natural number is a real divided by 15, are (2 , 8),( 8, 2 ),(7,13) + + + ... +
⇒ 2 (2 − 1) = 2 k
n
number. 1 × 4 4 × 7 7 × 10 16 × 19 = 31 + p + q 2
and (13,7 ).
⇒ 2n = 2k ∴ p + q = 5 or p + q = 14 , q must be 5, 13
= [10 + 94]
2. Every real number is an ∴ Number of possible set of pairs = 4 Then, nth term of 1, 4, 7,… is ( 3n − 2 )
∴ n = k, which is possible . if q = 5, p = 0 and 9. 2
irrational number. and of 4, 7, 10… is ( 3n + 1). 13
Options (c) and (d) both are correct. = × 104 = 13 × 52 = 676
2
Number System 9 10 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

68. How many right angled 71. What is the remainder when 496 II. Given, 3x − 12 y = 7 78. A light was seen regularly at an II. If x is the product of 10 Also, atleast three elements in
triangles can be formed by is divided by 6? Let x be an integer. interval of 13 s. It was seen for consecutive prime numbers the set { a, b, c , d, e, f } are
joining the vertices of a cuboid? (a) 4 (b) 3 ∴ 12 y = 3x − 7 the first time at 1 h 54 min 50 s starting from 2, then ( x + 1) is distinct. Which one of the
(c) 2 (d) 1 3x − 7 (am) and the last time at 3 h 17 also a prime number. following inequalities gives the
(a) 24 (b) 28 ⇒ y=
(c) 32 (d) None of these
_ (a) 4 / 6 then remainder = 4
12 min 49 s (am). How many times Which of the above best information about M, the
_ (d) A cuboid has 8 vertices, 12 edges ( 4)2 16 Here, we substitute the different was the light seen? statement(s) is/are correct? arithmetic mean of the six
and 6 faces. By selectively choosing and = , then remainder = 4 integer values of x, we do not get an numbers?
6 6 (a) 375 (b) 378 (a) Only I (b) Only II
3 vertices of the cuboid, we can form 2 integer value of y.
( 4)3 64 (c) 383 (d) 384 (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II (a) M > 2 3
types of right angled triangles. = , then remainder = 4 Hence, statements 1 and 2 both are (b) M > 3 ⋅ 5
6 6 correct. _ (c) Number of light seen _ (a)
(i) Right angled triangle will all three
Similarly 3 : 17 : 49 − 1 : 54 : 50 (c) M ≥ 3 ⋅ 5
vertices on the same face = I. Q p is prime number. (d) It is not possible to set any precise
( 4)96 75. What is the number of possible 13
= 6 × 4 C 3 = 24 , then remainder = 4 ∴ p = 19 lower limit for M
6 pairs of (P, Q), if the number Since, we have given the difference of
(ii) Right angled triangle with 2 vertices Now, 17 p + 1 = 17 × 19 + 1 GM = 3
along an edge and the third one 357P 25Q is divisible by both 3 light seen in seconds, so convert it into _ (a)Q abc
72. The digit in the unit place of and 5? seconds. = 323 + 1 ⇒ 3= 3
abc
along the diagonally opposite edge
the product ∴Number of light seen = 324 = (18)
2 1
=12 C1 × 2 C1 = 24. (a) 7 (b) 6
⇒ =
81 × 82 × 83 × 84 ×…× 99 is
6
( 3 × 3600 + 17 × 60 + 49) ∴ 17 p + 1 is a square number.
32 abc
∴Total number of right angled triangles (c) 5 (d) None of these
(a) 0 (b) 4 −(1 × 3600 + 54 × 60 + 50) II. Here, 10 consecutive prime numbers Similarly, 4 = 3 def
= 24 + 24 = 48 _ (a) We know that, if the sum of the digits = 1
(c) 6 (d) 8 13 starting from 2
of a number is divisible by 3, then the
(10800 + 1020 + 49 ) − ( 3600 + 3240 + 50 )
⇒ 4 2 = 6 def
69. Let x and y be positive integers _ (a) Product of unit digits number is divisible by 3 and if the digit at = = 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29
13 and product of 10 consecutive prime Q AM > GM
such that x is prime and y is = 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 × 6 × 7 × 8 × 9 × 0 × ... unit place is 5 or 0, then the number is
11869 − 6890 numbers x = 6469693230 a+ b+c +d +e + f
composite. Which of the =0
divisible by 5. = ∴ M= > 6
abcdef
Sum of digits 13 Now, sum of digits 6
following statements are correct? ∴ Required digit in the unit place is 0.
= 3+ 5+ 7 + P+ 2 + 5+ Q =
4979
= 383 = 6+ 4+ 6+ 9+ 6+ 9+ 3+ 2 + 3+ 0 ⇒ M> 6
abc 6
def
1. ( y − x) can be an even integer. 73. What is the remainder obtained = 22 + P + Q 13 = 48
⇒ M > 31/ 241/ 2
when 1421 × 1423 × 1425 is If Q = 0, then possible values of P are 2, ∴ x + 1 = 48 + 1 = 49,
2. xy can be an even integer. 79. Consider the following statements which is divisible by 7. ∴ M> 2 3
divided by 12? 5 and 8
for the sequence of numbers; 11, Hence, x + 1 is not a prime number.
3. 0 .5( x + y) can be an even (a) 1 (b) 2 If Q = 5, then possible values of P are 0, 83. Out of 532 savings accounts held
3, 6 and 9. 111, 1111, 11111,… . Hence, statement 1 is correct and
integer. (c) 3 (d) 4 in a post office, 218 accounts
1421 × 1423 × 1425 ∴The possible pairs of (P, Q) are (2, 0), I. Each number can be expressed statement 2 is incorrect.
Select the correct answer using _ (c) have deposits over ` 10000
(5, 0), (8, 0), (0, 5), (3, 5), (6, 5) and in the form (4 m + 3), where m is
the code given below. 12
(9, 5) i.e. 7 pairs. 81. If A, G and H are the arithmetic, each. Further, in 302 accounts,
1421 × 1423 × 475 a natural number.
= geometric and harmonic means the first or sole depositors are
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 4 76. The difference between the II. Some numbers are squares.
between a and b respectively, men, of which the deposits
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 1× 3 × 3 squares of two consecutive odd Which of the above
Remainder = then which one of the following exceed ` 10000 in 102 accounts.
_ (d) x is prime and y is composite number. 4 integers is always divisible by statement(s) is/are correct? relations is correct? In how many accounts the first
9 1 1× 3 3 (a) Only I (b) Only II
Since, x is prime number = = = = (a) 3 (b) 7 (a) G is the geometric mean between A or sole depositors are women
∴x may be {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, ...} and y may 4 4 4 × 3 12 (c) 8 (d) 16 (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
be 3 is remainder.
and H and the deposits are upto ` 10000
_ (c) Let the two consecutive odd integers _ (a) Given numbers, 11, 111, 1111, (b) A is the arithmetic mean between G only?
{4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15,...} 11111, ...
74. Consider the following be (2 x − 1) and (2 x + 1) respectively. and H
(a) 116
Here, y may be even or odd number I. Here, 4m + 3 ...(i) (c) H is the harmonic mean between A
statements According to the question, (b) 114
and x is odd number except 2.
(2 x + 1)2 − (2 x − 1)2 On putting m=2 and G
(c) 100
∴( y − x ) can be even number. I. The equation
= ( 4x 2 + 1 + 4x ) − ( 4x 2 + 1 − 4x ) ⇒ 4 × 2 + 3 = 11 (d) None of the above
( 9 − 3) = 6 be even number. 1990 x − 173 y = 11 has no (d) Cannot be determined from the
= 4x 2 + 1 + 4x − 4x 2 − 1 + 4x Again, put m = 27
xy can be even number. solution in integers for x and y. _ (a) Given, A, G and H are the arithmetic, given data
= 8x ∴ 4m + 3 = 4 × 27 + 3 geometric and harmonic means between
( 4 × 3) = 12 be even number. II. The equation 3 x − 12 y = 7 has no _ (b) Total savings accounts = 532
Hence, the difference between the = 108 + 3 = 111 a and b, respectively.
1 1 solution in integers for x and y. Total accounts in which the first or sole
0.5( x + y) = ( x + y) = ( 3 + 9) = 6 be squares of two consecutive odd integers On putting m = 277 a+ b
2 2 ∴ A= … (i) depositors are men = 302
Which of the above is always divisible by 8. ∴ 4m + 3 = 4 × 277 + 3 2
even number. ∴Total accounts in which the first or sole
statement(s) is/are correct? = 1108 + 3 = 1111 G = ab … (ii)
Hence, statements 1, 2 and 3 are 77. What is the maximum value of 2 ab depositors are women
correct. (a) Only I m, if the number Hence, the given number is the form and H = … (iii) = 532 − 302 = 230
a+ b
(b) Only II N = 35 × 45 × 55 × 60 × 124 × 75 of 4m + 3. Now, total accounts in which deposit
(c) Both I and II On multiplying Eqs. (i) and (iii), we get
is divisible by 5 m ? II. It is not true, as square of any a + b 2 ab exceeds over ` 10000 = 218
2015 (I) (d) Neither I nor II
(a) 4 (b) 5
number are of the form 4m or 4m+1. ∴ AH =
2
×
a+ b And the accounts of men in which
_ (c) I. Given, 1990x − 173 y = 11 (c) 6 (d) 7 Hence, statement 1 is correct and
= ab = ( ab )2
deposit exceeds over ` 10000 = 102
70. The last digit in the expansion Let x be an integer.
statement 2 is incorrect.
⇒ AH = G 2 Therefore, the accounts of women in
of 17256 is _ (c) Here, 35 is divisible by 5 one time. [from Eq. (ii)]
which deposits exceeds over ` 10000
∴ 173 y = 1990x − 11 45 is divisible by 5 one time. 80. Consider the following
(a) 9 (b) 7 (c) 3 (d) 1 82. The geometric mean of three = 218 − 102 = 116
1990x − 11 55 is divisible by 5 one time. statements
⇒ y= positive numbers a, b, c is 3 and Hence, the accounts of women in which
_ (d)Q Unit’s place in 7 = 1
4
173 60 is divisible by 5 one time. I. There exists only one prime deposits are upto ` 10000
the geometric mean of another
∴ Unit’s place in 17 256 = Unit place in Here, we substitute the different and 75 is divisible by 5 two times. number p such that (17 p + 1) is three positive numbers d, e, f is 4. = 230 − 116 = 114
(7 4 )64 = Unit place in (1)64 = 1 integer values of x, we do not get Hence, the maximum value a square.
an integer value of y. of m is 6.
Number System 11 12 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

84. If n is a natural number and _ (c)Q 360 = 2 × 3 × 5

3 2
91. If an = 3 − 4 n, then what is 95. p, q and r are prime numbers 98. Consider the following Illustration 1. Let the two consecutive
n = p1x1 p2x2 p3x3 , where p1, p2 , p3 are ∴ Number of divisors a1 + a2 + a3 + ... + an equal to? such that p < q < r < 13. In how statements number be 4 and 5.
distinct prime factors, then the = ( 3 + 1 )(2 + 1 )(1 + 1 ) ∴ ( 5)3 − ( 4)3 = 125 − 64
(a) − n (4n − 3) (b) − n(2n − 1) many cases would ( p + q + r) also I. No integer of the form 4 k + 3, = 61
number of prime factors for n is = 4 × 3 × 2 = 24 (c) − n2 (d) − n(2n + 1) be a prime number? where k an integer, can be Illustration 2. Let the two consecutive
(a) x1 + x2 + x3 expressed as the sum of two
88. The multiplication of a _ (b) Given, an = 3 − 4n (a) 1 numbers be 9 and 10.
(b) x1x2x3 (b) 2 squares. ∴ (10)3 − ( 9)3 = 1000 − 729
three-digits number XY 5 with ∴ Σan = Σ( 3 − 4n)
(c) ( x1 + 1)( x2 + 1)( x3 + 1) (c) 3 II. Square of an odd integer can = 271
digit Z yields X215. What is = Σ 3 − 4 Σn
(d) None of the above [n × ( n + 1 )] (d) None of the above expressed in the form 8k + 1,
X + Y + Z equal to? = 3n − 4 where k is an integer. 100. The product of four consecutive
_ (cα) If factor of given number is the form of (a) 13 (b) 15 2 _ (b) The prime numbers less than 13 are natural numbers plus one is
α α
p1 1 p2 2 ... pn n , then number of prime (c) 17 (d) 18 = 3n − 2 n 2 − 2 n 2, 3, 5, 7, 11. Which of the above
= n − 2n 2 Also, using the condition, p < q < r < 13 statement(s) is/are correct?
(a) a non-square
factors are _ (a) Given, three-digits number = XY 5 = − n(2 n − 1 ) and p + q + r is a prime number. (b) always sum of two square numbers
(α1 + 1) (α 2 + 1) … (α n + 1) XY 5 (a) Only I (b) Only II (c) a square
Hence, the prime factor of n are Hence, only two possible pairs exist i.e. (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
× Z 92. How many pairs of X and Y are (3, 5, 11) and (5, 7, 11). (d) None of the above
( x1 + 1)( x2 + 1) and ( x3 + 1).
possible in the number _ (a) I. f( k ) = 4k + 3
X 215
96. What is the remainder when _ (c) Product of four consecutive numbers
85. How many right angled 763X4Y 2, if the number is For k = 1, f(1 ) = 4 × 1 + 3 = 7 plus one is always a square.
triangles can be formed by
Here, Z can take values 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9.
divisible by 9? (1723 + 2323 + 2923 ) is divided For k = 2, f(2 ) = 4 × 2 + 3 = 11
But only 9 satisfies it, then X = 1, Y = 3 Illustration 1. Let four consecutive
joining the vertices of a cuboid? and Z = 9 (a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 10 (d) 11 by 23? For k = 3, f( 3) = 4 × 3 + 3 = 15 numbers be 3, 4, 5 and 6.
(a) 24 (b) 28 135 (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3 Values of f( k ) for k = 1, 2 ,... cannot be ∴( 3 × 4 × 5 × 6) + 1
(c) 32 (d) None of these ×9
_ (d) We know that, any number is divisible expressed as sum of squares, since = 361 = (19)2
Q by 9, if sum of all the digits is divisible by 9. 17 23 + 23 23 + 29 23
1215 _ (a) We have, 12 + 2 2 = 5, 12 + 3 2 = 10, Illustration 2. Let four consecutive
_ (d) A cuboid has 8 vertices, 12 edges Given number is 763 X 4Y 2 . 23
2 2 + 3 2 = 13.
and 6 faces. By selectively choosing and Now, X + Y + Z = 1 + 3 + 9 = 13 Since, given number is divisible by 9. (23 ×1 − 6 )23 + (23 × 1 + 0 )23 + (23 × 1 + 6 )23
numbers be 9, 10, 11 and 12.
3 vertices of the cuboid, we can form 2 = II. f( k ) = 8k + 1 ∴( 9 × 10 × 11 × 12 ) + 1 = 11881 = (109)2
89. If N 2 − 33, N 2 − 31 and N 2 − 29 ∴ 7 + 6 + 3 + X + 4 + Y + 2 = 9k 23
types of right angled triangles. ⇒ 22 + X + Y = 9k ∴Remainder = ( −6)23 + 0 + ( 6)23 = 0 For k = 1, f(1 ) = ( 8 × 1 ) + 1 = 9 = ( 3)2
are prime numbers, then what is
101. What is the remainder when
(i) Right angled triangle will all three It is clear that LHS is divisible by 9, For k = 2, f(2 ) = ( 8 × 2 ) + 1 = 17 41000 is divided by 7?
vertices on the same face the number of possible values of if X + Y = 5,14. For k = 3, f( 3) = ( 8 × 3) + 1 = 25 = ( 5)2
= 6 × 4 C 3 = 24 (a) 1 (b)2
(ii) Right angled triangle with 2 vertices
N, where N is an integer? When sum of X and Y in 5, then possible
pairs are (1, 4),( 4, 1 ),(2, 3) ( 3, 2 ),( 0, 5) and
2014 (I) For k = 4, f( 4) = ( 8 × 4) + 1 = 33 (c) 4 (d) None of these
(a) 1 (b) 2 For k = 5, f( 5) = ( 8 × 5) + 1 = 41 1
along an edge and the third one (c) 6 (d) None of these ( 5, 0). When sum of X and Y is 11, then 4
along the diagonally opposite edge 97. If n is a whole number greater f( k ) = 8k + 1 is square of an odd _ (c) We know that gives remainder 4;
possible pairs are 7
=12 C1 × 2 C1 = 24. _ (c) Let us consider the integer, N = 6 ( 5, 9 ),( 9, 5 ),( 6, 8 ),( 8, 6 ) and (7, 7 ) . than 1, then n (n − 1) is always
2 2 integer only for some values of k.
42 43
Now, N 2 − 33 = 6 2 − 33 = 36 − 33 = 3, So, only statement I is correct. gives remainder 2, gives remainder
∴Total number of right angled triangles Hence, possible pairs are 11. divisible by 7 7
which is prime. 44
= 24 + 24 = 48 (a) 12 (b) 24 (c) 48 (d) 60 99. The difference of two
N 2 − 31 = 6 2 − 31 = 36 − 31 = 5, which 93. What is the remainder when 1; gives remainder. 4.
consecutive cubes 7
_ (a) If n is greater than 1, then n ( n − 1) is
2 2
is prime. 41012 is divided by 7? Now, 4 4 gives us the same remainder
and N 2 − 29 = 6 2 − 29 = 36 − 29 = 7 , always divisible by 12. (a) is odd or even
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 as 41, so cyclicity is of 3. So, any power
2014 (II) which is prime.
41012 4 ⋅ 41011
Illustration 1. Put n = 2, then (b) is never divisible by 2
of 3 or multiple of 3 will give the
Hence, our assumption is true for N = 6 _ (d) Given, = n2( n2 − 1 ) = (2 )2(2 2 − 1 ) (c) is always even
remainder 1.
only. 7 7 (d) None of the above
86. 710 − 510 is divisible by = 4 × 3 = 12 So, 44 999 will give remainder 1 and 41000
4 ⋅ ( 4 3 )337 Illustration 2. Put n = 3, then
90. Consider all those two-digits = _ (b) The difference of two consecutive will give the next remainder in the cycle
(a) 10 (b) 7 7 n2( n2 − 1 ) = ( 3)2( 3 2 − 1 ) cubes is never divisible by 2.
positive integers less than 50, which is 4.
(c) 5 (d) 11 4( 63 + 1)337 = 9 × 8 = 72
which when divided by 4 yield =
7
_ (d) 7 − 5 = (7 ) − ( 5 )
10 10 2 5 2 5
unity as remainder. What is 4 ( 63 + 1)337
their sum? = ×
= 49 5 − 25 5 7 7
Now, 49 ÷ 11 = Remainder is 5. (a) 310 (b) 314 4 (1)337 4
25 ÷ 11 = Remainder is 3. = × =
(c) 218 (d) 323 7 7 7
So, it becomes
_ (a) Let the two-digits numbers less than, Remainder is 4.
5 5 − 3 5 = 3125 − 243 50 which when divided by 4 yield unity as
= 2882 remainder be 13, 17, ..., 49. 94. What is the remainder when
which is divisible by 11. Here, first term, a = 13, common (1235 × 4523 × 2451) is divided
Hence, 7 − 510 is divisible by 11.
10
difference, d = 4 by 12?
and n = 10 (a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 7
87. What is the number of divisors n
∴Required sum = [2 a + ( n − 1 )d ]
of 360? 2 _ (b) Let E = (1235 × 4523 × 2451)
(a) 12 =
10
[2 × 13 + (10 − 1 ) 4] = ( 12 × 102 + 11 )( 12 × 376 + 11 )
(b) 18 2 × ( 12 × 204 + 3 )
(c) 24 10 When we divide E by 12, then remainder
= [26 + 36]
(d) None of the above 2 = Divide 11 × 11 × 3 or 363 by 12
10 × 62 = 3 (remainder)
= = 310
2
 2 3
DECIMAL FRACTIONS
23 23 35
= 3; =
35 17 17
= 1 1
HCF AND LCM OF
2019 (I) 2017 (II) 2 50 5 2 ⋅ 2
and
2 ⋅3

NUMBERS AND POLYNOMIALS

8 6
17
∴ is non-terminating and repeating
1. What is 0 . 53 + 0 .53 equal to? 4. If the points P and Q represent 6
(a) 1068
. (b) 1068
. (c) 1. 068 (d) 1.068 the real numbers 0 .83 and 0.62 decimal expansion because it is not in
N
_ (a) 0. 53 + 0.53 on the number line, then the the form of m n .
2 ⋅5 ⇒
LCM of numerator 720)9999(13
In first number bar on two-digit and in
second number bar on one-digit
distance between P and Q is
21 19 21 56
2019 (II) HCF of denominator 720
(a) (b) (c) (d) LCM of 1, 5, 2 and 4 20 2799
LCM of bar digits (2, 1) = 2 90 90 100 90 2015 (II) 1. HCF of two numbers is 12.
∴
HCF of 3, 6, 9, 27
=
3
2160
Last two-digits have bar _ (b ) We have, P = 0.83 and Q = 0.62, 639
Which one of the following can
0. 5 3 5 P = 0.83333... 7. The value of (0.63 + 0.37) is 4. What is the LCM of the ∴Highest four digit number exactly
never be their LCM?
+ 0. 5 3 3 100P = 83.3333 and 100 100 1000 polynomials divisible by 16, 36, 45 and 48
1. 0 6 8 10P = 8.3333, (a) 1 (b) (c) (d) (a) 80 (b) 60 = 9999 − 639 = 9360
1. 068 ∴ 100P − 10P = 83.333 ... − 8.333 ...
91 99 999 (c) 36 (d) 24 x3 + 3 x2 + 3 x + 1, x3 + 5 x2 + 5 x + 4
_ (c) We have, 0. 63 + 0. 37 and x2 + 5 x + 4 ? 6. HCF and LCM of two
Alternative Method ⇒ 90P = 75 ⇒ P =
75 _ (a) HCF of two numbers is 12.
53 53 − 5 x = 0. 63 = 0.63636363 K LCM is common multiple for the two polynomials are ( x + 3) and
0. 53 + 0. 53 = +
90 Let (a) ( x + 1)3( x + 4)( x 2 + x + 1)
99 90 Similarly, Q=
56
⇒ 100x = 63.636363 K numbers. (b) ( x + 4)( x 2 + x + 1)
( x3 − 9 x2 − x + 105) respectively.
90
53 48 53 × 90 + 48 × 99 ∴ 99x = 63 ⇒ x =
63 So, the required answer is 80 because (c) ( x + 1)( x 2 + x + 1) If one of the two polynomials is
⇒ + = ∴Distance between P and Q is all other are multiple of 12.
99 90 99 × 90 75 − 56 19
99 (d) ( x + 1)2 ( x + 4)( x 2 + x + 1) x2 − 4 x − 21, then the other is
4770 + 4752 9522 = Similarly, y = 0. 37 = 0.373737K
= = = 1068
. 90 90 2. X , Y and Z start at same point _ (a) Let p = x + 33x + 3x + 1
3 2 (a) x 2 + 2 x − 21 (b) x 2 + 2 x + 15
37 63 37 100
8910 8910 Q y= ∴x + y= + = = ( x + 1) (c) x 2 − 2 x − 15 (d) x 2 − x − 15
Option (a) is correct. 99 99 99 99 and same time in the same
[Q ( a + b )3 = a 3 + b 3 + 3a 2b + 3b 2a]
2017 (I) direction to run around a _ (c) Given, HCF of polynomials = x + 3
Let q = x + 5x 2 + 5x + 4
3
LCM of polynomials
circular stadium. X completes a
2018 (I) 5. Which one among the 2015 (I) round in 252 s, Y in 308 s and = x 3 + 4x 2 + x 2 + 4x + x + 4 = x 3 − 9x 2 − x + 105
= x 2( x + 4) + x ( x + 4) + 1 ( x + 4) One polynomial = x 2 − 4x − 21
following is the largest? Z in 198 s. After what time will
2. What is the difference between 8. Let p be a prime number other = ( x + 4)( x 2 + x + 1) We know that, (HCF × LCM) of two
7 11 3 10 they meet again at the starting
0 .9 and 0.9 ? (a) (b) (c) (d)
than 2 or 5. One would like to Let r = x 2 + 5x + 4 numbers = Product of two numbers
9 14 4 13 point? = x 2 + 4x + x + 4
(a) 0 (b) 0.099 (c) 0.1 (d) 0.09 7 11 3 10 express the vulgar fraction 1/p in ∴ Other polynomial
_ (b) We have, , , , the form of a recurring decimal.
(a) 26 min 18 s (b) 42 min 36 s = x ( x + 4) + 1( x + 4) ( x + 3) ( x 3 − 9x 2 − x + 105)
_ (c) Let x = 0.9 …(i) 9 14 4 13 (c) 45 min (d) 46 min 12 s = ( x + 1)( x + 4) =
x = 0.999..... LCM of ( 9, 14, 4, 13) = 3276 Then, the decimal will be x 2 − 4x − 21
10x = 9.999.... Now, make the denominator of all the (a) a pure recurring decimal and its _ (d) X completes round in 252 s. LCM of p, q and r ( x + 3) ( x 3 − 9x 2 − x + 105)
= ( x + 1)3( x + 4)( x 2 + x + 1) =
fractions equal to 3276. We get period will be necessarily (p −1) Y completes round in 308 s. ( x − 7 ) ( x + 3)
∴ 10x = 9. 9 …(ii)
2548 2574 2457 2520 (b) a mixed recurring decimal and its Z completes round in 198 s.
On subtracting Eq. (i) from Eq. (ii), we get , , , x 3 − 9x 2 − x + 105
3276 3276 3276 3276 period will be necessarily (p −1) They all meet again at starting together =
9x = 9 or x = 1
∴Largest number =
2574 11
=
(c) a pure recurring decimal and its after, LCM of 252, 308 and 198 2018 (II) x −7
⇒ Other polynomial = x 2 − 2 x − 15
∴ 0. 9 − 0.9 = x − 0.9 = 1 − 0.9 = 01
. period will be some factor of (p −1) 252 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 7
3276 14
3. Which one of the following (d) a mixed recurring decimal and its 308 = 2 × 2 × 7 × 11 5. The highest four-digit number 7. The product of two integers p
period will be some factor of (p −1) 198 = 2 × 3 × 3 × 11
decimal numbers is a rational
2016 (II) which is divisible by each of the and q, where p > 60 and q > 60,
number with denominator 37? _ (c) Value of p may be 3, 7, 11, 13. ∴ Required LCM
numbers 16, 36, 45, 48 is is 7168 and their HCF is 16.
(a) 0.459459459… (b) 0. 458458458… 1 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 7 × 11
6. Which one of the following = 0. 3 , Period = 1 (a) 9180 (b) 9360 The sum of these two integers is
(c) 0.0459459459… (d) 0.00459459… 3 = 2772 s = 46 min 12 s.
rational numbers has (c) 9630 (d) 9840 (a) 256 (b) 184 (c) 176 (d) 164
Here, p − 1 = 2 and 1 is a factor of 2.
_ (a) Checking the options, we get non-terminating and repeating 1 5 2 4
Option (a) 0.459459459… decimal expansion?
1
= 0.142857 , Period = 6 3. What is the LCM of , , , ? _ (b) Number which is divisible by 16, 36, _ (c) Given, HCF = 16
7 3 6 9 27 45 and 48 = LCM of (16, 36, 45, 18) Product of two integers = 7168
459 17 15 23 35 17
= 0. 459 = = (a) (b) (c) (d) Here, p − 1 = 6 and 6 is a factor of 6. 5 1 10 20 LCM of 16, 36, 45, 48 = 720
999 37 1600 8 50 6 (a) (b)(c) (d) Let first integer = 16a
1 Now, highest four digit number
Here, we do not need to check other 15 15 15 = 0. 09, Period = 2 18 27 27 3 Second integer = 16b
_ (d)Q = = ; 11 1 5 2 4 = 9999
options, as in option (a) the denominator 1600 16 × 4 × 25 2 6 ⋅ 5 2 Here, p − 1 = 10 and 2 is a factor of 10. _ (d) LCM of , , and Product of two integers = 7168
is 37. 3 6 9 7
HCF and LCM of Numbers and Polynomials 15 16 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

16a × 16b = 7168 _ (c) 1. If a = bc with HCF ( b, c ) = 1 Now, 2 − 1 = 1; 3 − 2 = 1; 4 − 3 = 1; respectively. If one of the 21. The LCM of two integers is
a × b = 28 ⇒ b and c are co-prime numbers. 5 − 4 = 1; 6 − 5 = 1, ∴k = 1 2015 (II) polynomials is ( x2 − y2 ), then 1237. What is their HCF?
Possible pair ( a, b ) = (2, 14), ( 4, 7 ) ∴HCF (c, bd ) = HCF (c, d ) Number that is divisible by 2, 3, 4, 5 and (a) 37
16. What is the sum of digits of the the other polynomial is
Here, we can not use (2, 14) because Which is correct. 6 leaves the remainder 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 (b) 19
= LCM of (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) − k = 60 − 1 = 59 least multiple of 13, which (a) 3x 4
− 8x y + 10x y + 7 xy − 2 y
3 2 2 3 4
one integer (16 × 2 = 32 ) is less 2. If a = bc with HCF ( b, c ) = 1 (c) 1
than 60. Hence, there is only one integer when divided by 6 and 12 leaves (b) 3x 4 − 8x 3 y − 10x 2 y 2 + 7 xy 3 + 2 y 4 (d) Cannot be determined
⇒ b and c are co-prime numbers
∴First integer = 16 × 4 = 64 between 0 and 100 which satisfies the 5 and 11, respectively, as the (c) 3x 4 + 8x 3 y + 10x 2 y 2 + 7 xy 3 + 2 y 4
∴ LCM ( b, c ) = bc _ (c) Given, LCM of two integers is 1237,
Second integer = 16 × 7 = 112
given condition. remainders? (d) 3x 4 + 8x 3 y − 10x 2 y 2 + 7 xy 3 + 2 y 4
Now, LCM ( a, d ) = LCM ( bc, d ) which is a prime number.
∴Sum of two integers 14. There are two numbers p and q (a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
_ (c) Given, HCF = ( x + y) So, their HCF is 1.
∴ LCM ( a, d ) = LCM (c, bd )
= 64 + 112 = 176 such that their HCF is 1. Which
Which is correct. _ (d) Here, 6 − 5 = 1 and 12 − 11 = 1 and LCM 22. There are 48 cricket balls, 72
of the following statements are Now, LCM of 6 and 12 = 12 = 3x 5 + 5x 4 y + 2x 3 y 2 − 3x 2 y 3 − 5xy 4 − 2y 5
Hence, both statements are correct.
correct? hockey balls and 84 tennis balls
∴ Required number = 13(12 − 1) = 3x 5 − 3x 2 y 3 + 5x 4 y − 5xy 4 + 2x 3 y 2 − 2y 5
2018 (I) 11. What is the LCM of x + 8, 3
I. Both p and q may be prime. = 13 × 11 = 143 = 3 x ( x − y ) + 5xy( x − y ) + 2 y ( x − y )
2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3
and they have to be arranged in
several rows in such a way that
x2 + 5 x + 6 and x3 + 4 x2 + 4 x? II. One number may be prime and So, sum of digits = 1 + 4 + 3 = 8 = ( 3x 2 + 5xy + 2 y 2 )( x 3 − y 3 ) every row contains the same
8. There are two numbers which (a) x ( x + 2 )2 ( x + 3) ( x 2 − 2 x + 4) the other composite.
are greater than 21 and their (b) x ( x − 2 )2 ( x − 3) ( x 2 + 2 x + 4) III. Both the numbers may be 17. If ( x + 1) is the HCF of and first polynomial number of balls of one type.
= x 2 − y 2 = ( x − y)( x + y) What is the minimum number
LCM and HCF are 3003 and 21 (c) x ( x + 2 )2 ( x − 3) ( x 2 − 2 x + 4) composite. Ax2 + Bx + C and Bx2 + Ax + C,
(d) x ( x + 2 )2 ( x − 3) ( x 2 − 2 x + 4) We know that, first polynomial × second of rows required for this to
respectively. What is the sum of Select the correct answer using where A ≠ B, then the value of C polynomial = HCF × LCM happen?
these numbers? _ (a) We have, the code given below. is ∴ Second polynomial (a) 12 (b) 16 (c) 17 (d)19
(a) 504 (b) 508 (c) 514 (d) 528 x 3 + 8 = ( x )3 + (2 )3 (a) I and II (b) II and III (a) A (b) B (c) A − B (d) 0 ( x + y)( x 3 − y 3 )( 3x 2 + 5xy + 2 y 2 )
= ( x + 2 ){( x )2 − ( x )(2 ) + (2 )2} (c) I and III (d) I, II and III = _ (c) Given number of cricket balls
_ (a) The LCM and HCF of two numbers _ (d) Since x + 1 is the HCF ( x − y)( x + y) = 48 = 2 × 3
4
which are greater than 21 are 3003 and {Q a 3 + b 3 = ( a + b )( a 2 − ab + b 2 )}
= ( x + 2 )( x 2 − 2 x + 4) _ (d) Let two prime numbers 2 and 3, then Put x = −1 Number of hockey balls
21 respectively. their HCF = 1. ( x − y)( x 2 + y 2 + xy)( 3x 2 + 5xy + 2 y 2 )
Let the two numbers be 21x and 21y. x 2 + 5x + 6 = x 2 + 2 x + 3x + 6 Ax 2 + Bx + C = 0 = = 72 = 2 3 × 3 2
Hence, (I) statement is true.
A( −1)2 + B( −1) + C = 0 ( x − y) and number of tennis balls
Q HCF × LCM = Product of two numbers = x ( x + 2 ) + 3( x + 2 ) Let p = 5 and q = 6, then their HCF is
= ( x + 2 )( x + 3) A− B+ C = 0 …(i) {Q a 3 − b 3 = ( a − b )( a 2 + b 2 + ab )} = 84 = 2 2 × 3 × 7
∴ 3003 × 21 = 21x × 21y also 1.
⇒ xy = 143 = 13 × 11 and x 3 + 4x 2 + 4x = x ( x 2 + 4x + 4) Hence, (II) statement is also true. Bx 2 + Ax + C = 0 = ( x 2 + y 2 + xy)( 3x 2 + 5xy + 2 y 2 ) ∴ HCF of 48, 72 and 84 = 2 2 × 3 = 12
13 and 11 only possible numbers = x ( x + 2 )2 Let p = 8 and q = 9, B( −1)2 + A( −1) + C = 0 = 3 x 4 + 5x 3 y + 2 x 2 y 2 + 3 x 2 y 2 + 5xy 3 + 2 y 4 Now, minimum number of rows
become, they are co-prime ∴ LCM = x ( x + 2 )2( x + 3)( x 2 − 2 x + 4) p and q both are composite numbers B− A+ C = 0 …(ii)
+3x 3 y + 5x 2 y 2 + 2 xy 3 =
48 72
+ +
84
Let x = 13 and y = 11 and their HCF is also 1. Add Eqs. (i) and (ii) 12 12 12
∴The two numbers are 21 × 13 and 21 × 11
12. The HCF of two expressions p Hence, (III) statement is also true. A− B+ C + B− A+ C = 0 = 3x 4 + 8x 3 y + 10x 2 y 2 + 7 xy 3 + 2 y 4 = 4 + 6 + 7 = 17
i.e. 273 and 231 and q is 1. What is the 2C = 0
23. The HCF of two natural
Required sum = 273 + 231 = 504 reciprocal of their LCM? C =0
(a) p + q (b) p − q
2016 (I) 18. The LCM of two numbers is 12 2014 (II) numbers m and n is 24 and their
product is 552. How many sets
(c) pq (d) ( pq )−1 times their HCF. The sum of
2017 (II) _ (d) We have,
15. Consider the following in respect
HCF and LCM is 403. If one of 20. What is the lowest common
of values of m and n are possible?
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4
HCF of two expressions p and q = 1
of natural numbers a, b and c multiple of
the numbers is 93, then the (d) No set of m and n is possible
9. The product of two non-zero Now, we know that 1. LCM (ab, ac) = a LCM (b, c ) other number is ab ( x2 + 1) + x (a2 + b2 ) satisfying the given conditions
expressions is ( x + y + z ) p3 . If LCM × HCF = Product of numbers HCF (ab, ac) = a HCF (b, c)
2. (a) 124 (b) 128 (c) 134 (d) 138 and ab ( x2 − 1) + x (a2 − b2 )?
their HCF is p2 , then their LCM is ⇒ LCM × 1 = p × q 3. HCF (a , b) < LCM (a, b) _ (d) Given HCF of two natural numbers m
(a) ( a 2x 2 − b 2 ) (a + and n = 24
⇒ LCM = pq 4. HCF (a, b) divides LCM (a, b). _ (a) Let other number be b and HCF be x. bx )
(a) ( x + y + z) (b) ( x + y + z) p2
Q LCM = 12 x (b) ( a 2x 2 − b 2 ) (a + bx )2 and their product, m × n = 552
1
.(c) ( x + y + z) p5 (d) ( x + y + z) p ∴ Reciprocal of LCM = = ( pq )−1 Which of the above are correct? We have, x + 12 x = 403 (c) ( a 2x 2 − b 2 ) (a − bx ) LCM of two natural numbers
pq (a) 1 and 2 (b) 3 and 4 (d) ( a 2x 2 − b 2 ) (a − bx )2 Product of m and n 552
_ (d) We know that ⇒ 13x = 403 ⇒ x = 31 = = = 23
(c) 1, 2 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 HCF of m and n 24
Product of two numbers = LCM of two Q Product of two numbers _ (a) We have,
numbers × HCF of two numbers Here, no set of m and n is possible
_ (d) Given, a, b and c are natural numbers. = LCM × HCF ab ( x 2 + 1 ) + x ( a 2 + b 2 )
∴ ( x + y + z) p3 = p2 × LCM 2016 (II) 1. LCM of ( ab, ac ) = abc ⇒ 93 × b = x × 12 x = abx 2 + ab + a 2 x + b 2x
satisfying the given conditions.
LCM = ( x + y + z) p a × LCM of ( b, c ) = abc ⇒ 93 × b = 12 × 31 × 31 = ax ( a + bx ) + b ( a + bx ) 24. What is the highest common
13. A is a set of those positive ∴ b = 124
Hence, statement 1 is correct. = ( a + b x ) ( ax + b ) factor of 2 x3 + x2 − x − 2 and
integers such that when these
2017 (I) are divided by 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 2. HCF of ( ab, ac ) = Common factor of and ab ( x 2 − 1 ) + x ( a 2 − b 2 ) 3 x3 − 2 x2 + x − 2 ?
( ab, ac ) = a = abx 2 − ab + a 2x − b 2x
10. Consider the following statements
leaves the remainder 1, 2, 3, 4
and a × HCF ( b, c ) = a × common
2015 (I) = ax ( a + bx ) − b ( a + bx )
(a) x − 1 (b) x + 1 (c) 2 x + 1 (d) 2 x − 1
and 5 respectively. How many
_ (a) Let f( x ) = 2 x + x − x − 2
3 2
factor of ( b, c ) = a = ( a + bx ) ( ax − b )
1. If a = bc with HCF (b,c) = 1, integers between 0 and 100 19. The HCF and LCM of two
Hence, statement 2 is correct. ∴ Lowest common multiple = ( x − 1 )(2 x 2 + 3x + 2 )
then HCF (c, bd) = HCF (c, d). belong to the set A? polynomials are ( x + y) and
3. We know that HCF is always less than = ( a + bx ) ( ax + b ) ( ax − b ) and g ( x ) = 3x 3 − 2 x 2 + x − 2
2. If a = bc with HCF (b, c) = 1, (a) No integer (b) One
LCM. Hence, statement 3 is correct. (3 x5 + 5 x4 y + 2 x3 y2 = ( a + bx ) ( a 2x 2 − b 2 ) = ( x − 1 )( 3x 2 + x + 2 )
then LCM (a, d) = LCM (c, bd). (c) Two (d) Three Hence, the highest common factor of
Which of the above statements 4. HCF ( a, b ) divides LCM ( a, b ) because −3 x2 y3 − 5 xy4 − 2 y5 ), f( x ) and g ( x ) is ( x − 1 ).
_ (b) Let p = 2, q = 3, r = 4, s = 5 and t = 6 a common factor
is / are correct? and remainders between a, b always divides ( a × b ).
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 a = 1, b = 2, c = 3, d = 4, e = 5 Hence, statement 4 is correct.
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
HCF and LCM of Numbers and Polynomials 17

25. The LCM of two numbers is 90 27. If a and b are positive integers, _ (b) Apply Euclidean algorithm on
times their HCF. The sum of then what is HCF (22 n + 7, 33n + 10),
LCM and HCF is 1456. If one  a b  Here, 33n + 10 > 22 n + 7
 ,  equal to ∴33n + 10 = (22 n + 7 ) × 1 + (11n + 3)
of the numbers is 160, then
what is the other number?
(a) 120
(c) 144
(b) 136
(d) 184
_ (c) Let the HCF of two numbers be x.
∴ LCM of two numbers be 90x.
 HCF (a,b) HCF (a,b)
(a) a
(c) 1


_ (c) HCF 
a
(b) b
(d)

,
b
a
HCF ( a, b )

 HCF a,b HCF a,b 


 is
22 n + 7 = (11n + 3) × 2 + 1
11n + 3 = (11n + 3) × 1 + 0
∴1 is HCF of (22 n + 7 , 33n + 10)

30. In a fire range, 4 shooters are

firing at their respective targets.
4
According to the question, The first, the second, the third

SQUARE ROOTS AND SURDS

LCM + HCF = 1456 always equal to 1. and the fourth shooters hit the
∴ 90x + x = 1456 Illustration 1 Let the two positive target once in every 5 s, 6 s, 7 s
⇒ 91x = 1456 integers be a = 24 and b = 36. and 8 s, respectively. If all of
⇒ x = 16  24 36 
∴ HCF  ,  them hit their target at 9 : 00
∴ HCF of two numbers = 16  HCF (24, 36) HCF (24, 36) am, when will they hit their
and LCM of two numbers = 90 × 16
= HCF  ,
24 36  target together again?

= 1440  12 12  = 2 2 + ( 3 )2 + 2 × 2 × 3 4 6
We know that, = HCF (2, 3) = 1
(a) 9 : 04 am
(c) 9 : 14 am
(b) 9 : 08 am
(d) None of these
2019 (II) _ (d) x =
2 + 3
LCM × HCF = Product of two numbers = (2 + 3 )2
Illustration 2 Let the two positive x = 4 6 ( 3 − 2)
⇒ 1440 × 16 = 160 × Second number integers be a = 13 and b = 17. _ (c) Time after which they will hit the target 1. Given y is inversely [Q( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab]
again together x +2 2 x +2 3
∴Second number =
1440 × 16
= 144 ∴ HCF 
 13 17  = LCM (5, 6, 7 and 8) proportional to x, and x = 36 a=2 + 3 +
,  x −2 2 x −2 3
160  HCF (13, 17 ) HCF (13, 17 ) 2 5, 6, 7, 8
when y = 36. What is the value So,
1
=
1
[divided by 2 and divided by 3]
of x when y = 54 ? a 2 + 3
= HCF  ,
13 17  x x
 =1 5, 3, 7, 4 +2 +2
 1 1 (a) 54 (b) 27 (c) 16 (d) 8 1 1 2 − 3
2014 (I) = 5× 3×7 ×2 × 4
_ (c) According to the question,
= ×
a 2 + 3 2 − 3
= 2
x
−2
+ 3
x
−2
28. For any integers ‘a’ and ‘b’ with = 840 s
1 1 2− 3 2 3
26. What is the number of integral HCF(a, b) = 1, what is HCF They will hit target together y∝ = =2 − 3
840 x a 4− 3 4 6 4 6
solutions of the equations HCF = = 14 min ( 3 − 2 )+2 ( 3 − 2 )+2
(a + b, a − b) equal to? 60 k 1 = 2 + 3
(a, b) = 5 and a + b = 65? y= Now, a + = 2 + 3 + 2 − 3 = 4 4 6 4 6
(a) It is always 1 So, they will hit together again at 9 : 14 am. x a ( 3 − 2 )−2 ( 3 − 2) −2
(a) None 2 3
(b) It is always 2 x = 36, y = 36
(b) Infinitely many 31. What is the HCF of 4 3 ( 3 − 2 )+2 4 2 ( 3 − 2 )+2
(c) Either 1 or 2 k = +
(c) Less than 65
(d) None of these
8(x5 − x3 + x) and 28 (x6 + 1)? ⇒ 36 = ⇒ k = 216
2019 (I) 4 3 ( 3 − 2 )−2 4 2 ( 3 − 2 )−2
(d) Exactly one 36
_ (c) HCF ( a + b, a − b ) is either 1 or 2 (a) 4 ( x 4 − x 2 + 1) 4×3−4 6+2 4 6−8+2
Now, y = 54, k = 216 = +
_ (c) Q HCF ( a, b ) = 5 (b) 2 ( x 4 − x 2 + 1) 4. Suppose n is a positive integer 4× 3− 4 6 −2 4 6 − 8−2
Illustration 1. Let a = 8 and b = 9. 216
Let a = 5x
∴ HCF ( 8 + 9, 9 − 8) = HCF (17, 1 ) = 1
(c) ( x 4 − x 2 + 1) 54 = such that (n2 + 48) is a perfect
b = 5y x 14 − 4 6 4 6−6
and (d) None of these
square. What is the number of = +
Illustration 2. Let a = 17 and b = 23. 10 − 4 6 4 6 − 10
∴ 5x + 5 y = 65 ∴ x = 4 ⇒ x = 16
_ (a) Let p( x ) = 8( x − x + x )
5 3
∴ HCF (17 + 23, 23 − 17 ) such n?
⇒ x + y = 13 = 4 × 2 × x ( x 4 − x 2 + 1) 7 −2 6 3−2 6
= HCF ( 40, 6) = 2 2. What is the square root of (a) One (b) Two (c) Three (d) Four = +
∴Number of pairs of ( x, y) = (1, 12 ), 5−2 6 5−2 6
and q ( x ) = 28( x 6 + 1) 16 + 6 7 ?
_ (c) x = n + 48
2
(2, 11), (3, 10), (4, 9), (5, 8), (6, 7) 29. For any integer n, what is HCF = 7 × 4 [( x 2 )3 + (1 ) 3 ] (a) 4 + 7 (b) 4 − 7 [negative sign common in both]
[(12, 1), (11, 2), (10, 3), (9, 4), (8, 5), (22 n + 7, 33 n + 10 ) equal to? = 4 × 7 × ( x 2 + 1)( x 4 − x 2 + 1) On squaring both side, we get
(c) 3 + 7 (d) 3 − 7 10 − 4 6 2 ( 5 − 2 6 )
[Q a 3 + b 3 = ( a + b )( a 2 − ab + b 2 )] = = =2
(7, 6)] (a) n x 2 = n2 + 48 5−2 6 5−2 6
Hence, number of solutions is less (b) 1 ∴HCF of p( x ) and q ( x ) = 4 ( x 4 − x 2 + 1) _ (c) Let x = 16 + 6 7 x 2 − n2 = 48
(c) 11 Option (d) is correct.
than 65. On square rooting both sides, we get ( x − n) ( x + n) = 48
(d) None of the above
x = 16 + 6 7 = 9+7 +2 ×3× 7 n is an integer 6. For any two real numbers a and
b, (a − b)2 + (b − a)2 is
= ( 3)2 + ( 7 )2 + 2 × 3 × 7 x−n x+ n
2 24 (a) always zero
= (3 + 7) 2
(b) never zero
[Q( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab] 4 12 (c) positive only if a ≠ b
6 8 (d) positive if and only if a > b
x =3+ 7
Option (c) is correct. _ (c) a and b are any two real numbers.
3. If a = 7 + 4 3 , then what is the a = 3, b = 2
4 6
value of a +
1
? 5. For x = , what is the ( a − b )2 + ( b − a )2
a 2+ 3
x +2 2 x +2 3 = ( 3 − 2 )2 + (2 − 3)2
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 7
value of + =?
_ (c) a = 7 + 4 3 x −2 2 x −2 3 = (1)2 + ( − 1)2 = 1 + 1 = 2

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 2 positive only if a ≠ b

= 4+ 3+ 2 ×2 3
Option (c) is correct.
Square Roots and Surds 19 20 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

7. What is the value of 12 4 × 125 + 12 [n( n + 1) + 1]2 On cubing both sides, we get . )3
( 075
2017 (II) _ (a) 3 4 =3
125 125
=
[n( n + 1)]2  x + 1  = (2 3 )3
3 _ (b) = + ( 075
(1 − 075
. )
. + ( 075
. )2 + 1)
2 + 2 + 2 + ............ ? 500 + 12



= =
512 x . )3 + (1 − 075
( 075 . + ( 075
. ) ( 075 . )2 + 1)
10. The value of 1 + 1 + 1 + K 3 3 Q a 2 + 2 ab + b 2 = ( a + b )2 =
(1 − 075
x 3 + 3 + 3  x +  = 24 3
(a) 1 (b) 2 125 125 n( n + 1) + 1 1 1 . )
1 = 
(a) equals to 1
n( n + 1) x x . )3 + [13 − ( 075
. )3 ]
 8  =  8   3
(c) 3 (d) 4 3 3 ( 075
(b) lies between 0 and 1 = =
3      1 1 1 {Q ( a + b )3 = a 3 + b 3 + 3ab( a + b )} 1 − 075.
 5   = 1+ = 1+ −
_ (d) x = 2 + 2 + 2 + ............ ? (c) lies between 1 and 2  5 
(d) is greater than 2 1 n( n + 1) n n+1 1
∴ x3 + 3 + x +
1 [Q ( a − b ) ( a + ab + b 2 ) = a 3 − b 3 ]
2
3×
=  
y= 2 + 2 + 8 8 3 x x 1
∴ S =  1 + 1 −  +  1 + −  + K+
3
2 .... = =1 1 1 1 = =4
_ (c) Let y = 1 + 1 + 1 + K  5
= 24 3 − 2  x + 
5 5  2  2 3 1 025
.
On squaring both sides, we get
Then, y = 1 + y also, y > 0  1 + 1 − 1  = 2008 − 1  x then, square root = 4 = 2
y =2 +
2
2 + 2...  
On squaring both sides, we get  2007 2008  2008 = 24 3 − 2 × 2 3
y2 = 2 + y
y2 − y − 2 = 0
y2 = 1 + y 2016 (II) [from Eq. (i)]
21. When a ball bounces, it rises to
2
⇒ y2 − y − 1 = 0 of the height from which it
= 24 3 − 4 3 = 20 3 3
y2 − 2 y + y − 2 = 0 62 + 72 + 82 + 92 + 10 2
y( y − 2 ) + 1( y − 2 ) = 0 ⇒ y=
1± 1+ 4
14. What is 2016 (I) 18. Which one of the following is fell. If the ball is dropped from a
( y + 1) ( y − 2 ) = 0
2 7+4 3 − 4+2 3 correct? height of 36 m, then how high
y = 2, − 1 ⇒ y=
1± 5
equal to? a + 2b + a − 2b will it rise at the third bounce?
16. If x = , then (a) 2 < 4 6 < 3 4
( y = − 1) not possible because all terms 2
(a) 330 (b) 340 a + 2b − a − 2b (b) 2 > 4 6 > 3 4 (a) 10
1
m (b) 10
2
m
in equation are positive. Q y cannot be negative
(c) 355 (d) 366 bx2 − ax + b is equal to (given (c) 4 6 < 2 < 3 4 3 3
y=2 1+ 5 1 2
∴ y= 6 2 + 7 2 + 8 2 + 9 2 + 10 2 (d) 4 6 > 2 > 3 4 (c) 12 m (d) 12 m
x =2 + y 2 _ (a) Given, that, b ≠ 0) 3 3
x =2 + 2 = 4 ∴ y lies between 1 and 2. 7 + 4 3 − 4+2 3 1 1 1
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) ab (d) 2ab
Option (d) is correct. 36 + 49 + 64 + 81 + 100 _ (a) We have, 2 2 , 6 4 , 4 3 _ (b) After first bounce, height of ball
= a + 2b + a − 2b 1
=   × 36
The LCM of 2, 4, 3 are 12. 2
8. The expression 52 n − 23 n has a 3 + 4 +2 ×2 × 3 − 1+ 3 +2 ×1× 3 _ (a) Given, x =
factor
2017 (I) =
330
a + 2b − a − 2b 12 12
(2 )2×12 ; ( 6)4 ×12 ; ( 4)3×12
12  3
By rationalising, we get and after third bounce, height of ball
(a) 3 (b) 7 ( 3 )2 + 2 2 + 2 × 2 × 3 1 1 1
3
0 .064 × 6.25 a + 2b + a − 2b (2 6 )12 ; ( 6 3 )12 ; ( 4 4 )12 =   × 36 =
2 8
(c) 17 (d) None of these
− 12 + ( 3 )2 + 2 × 1 × 3 x = × 36
11. What is equal to? a + 2b − a − 2b  3 27
0 .081 × 4.84
1 1 1
_ (c) 5 − 2 has a factor,
2n 3n
330 ( 64)12 ; (216)12 ; (256)12 8 × 4 32
= a + 2b + a − 2b = =
2
m = 10 m
Let n = 1 10 100 ×
(a) (b) (c) 9 (d) 99 ( 3 + 2 )2 − (1 + 3 )2 a + 2b + a − 2b 1 1 1
3 3 3
⇒ 5 − 2 = 25 − 8 = 17
2 3
99 99 2 2 < 64 < 43
330 330 Hence, the required height at third
17 is factor of 5 2n − 2 3n = = ( a + 2 b + a − 2 b )2
0.064 × 625
. 3 + 2 − 1− 3 2 − 1 ⇒x = ∴ 2< 4
6< 3
4 2
Option (c) is correct. _ (b) ( a + 2 b )2 − ( a − 2 b )2 bounce is 10 m.
0.081 × 4.84 330 3
= = 330
⇒ (2 bx − a ) = a − 4b
2 2
64 × 10 −3 × 625 × 10 −2 1
2018 (I) =
81 × 10 −3 × 484 × 10 −2 ⇒ (2 bx − a )2 = ( a 2 − 4b 2 )2 2015 (I)
15. What is
⇒ 4b x + a − 4abx = a 2 − 4b 2
2 2 2
2014 (I)
64 × 625 8 × 25 100 1 1 1 1 19. What is
9. What is the value of = = = 1+ + + 1+ + + ... + ⇒ 4b 2x 2 − 4abx = −4b 2
81 × 484 9 × 22 99 12 22 22 32 5 + 10
5− 3 5+ 3 ⇒ bx 2 − ax = − b equal 22. Consider the following in
− 1 1 5 5 − 2 20 − 32 + 50 respect of the numbers 2 , 3 3
5+ 3 5− 3 12. What is the square root of 1+ + equal to? ∴ bx 2 − ax + b = 0
(0.35)2 + 0.70 + 1 20072 20082 to? and 6 6
(a) −2 15 (b) 2 15 + 0.19 ? (a) 5 (b) 5 2
2.25 (a) 2008 −
1
(b) 2007 −
1 I. 6 6 is the greatest number.
(d) − 15
(c) 15
5− 3 5+ 3
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
2008
1
2007
1
2015 (II) (c) 5 5
5 + 10
(d) 5
II. 2 is the smallest number.
_ (a) − (0.35)2 + 0.70 + 1 (c) 2007 − (d) 2008 − _ (d) Which of the above
5+ 3 5− 3 _ (a) Let y = + 0.19 2008 2009 17. If x = 3 + 2, then the value of 5 5 − 2 20 − 32 + 50
2.25 5 + 10 statement(s) is/are correct?
( 5 − 3) −( 5 + 3)
2 2 _ (a) Let 1 1 =
= =
( 0.35) + 2 × 0.35 × 1 + (1)2
2
+ 019
. 1 1 1 1 x + x + + 3 is
3
5 5−4 5−4 2 + 5 2 (a) Only I
( 5 )2 − ( 3 )2 (15
. )2 S = 1+ + + 1+ + x x (b) Only II
12 22 22 32 ( 5 + 10 )
2 (a) 10 3 (b) 20 3 (c) 10 2 (d) 20 2 = (c) Both I and II
[Q( a + b )( a − b ) = a − b ]
2
( 0.35 + 1) 2
1 1 ( 5 + 2)
= + 019
. + K + 1+ + (d) Neither I nor II
. )2
(15 (2007 )2 (2008)2 _ (b) We have, 5( 5 + 2 )
( 5 + 3 − 2 15 ) − ( 5 + 3 + 2 15 ) {Q( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab} x = 3+ 2 =
3 6
_ (d) 2 , 3, 6
=
5− 3 2
∴an = 1 +
1
+
1 ( 5 + 2) Taking LCM of 2, 3 and 6 = 12
3− 2
= 
. 
135 1 1
 + 019
. n 2
( n + 1) 2
and = × = 12
Q ( a + b )2 = a 2 + 2 ab + b 2   15.  x 3+ 2 3− 2
5 Now, 2 = (2 )1/ 2 = (2 )6/12 = 2 6 = 12 64
 2  ( n + 1) n + ( n + 1) + n
2 2 2 2
 and ( a − b ) = a − 2 ab + b 
2 2 = ( 0.9)2 + 019
. = 0.81 + 019
. =1 = 3− 2 20. The square root of 3
3 = ( 3)1/ 3 = ( 3)4 /12 =
12
3 4 = 12 81
n ( n + 1)
2 2 = = 3− 2
∴ y = 1=1 3−2 6
6 = ( 6)1/ 6 = ( 6)2/12 =
12
6 2 = 12 36
8 − 2 15 − 8 − 2 15 (0 .75)3
= 12 ( n + 1)2 n2 + n2 + 2 n + 1 + n2 1 + [0 .75 + (0 .75)2 + 1] is
2 = ∴ x + = 3+ 2 + 3− 2=2 3 1 − 0 .75 So, neither I nor II are correct.
13. What is the value of 4 ? 3
n ( n + 1)
2 2
x
− 4 15 125 (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
= = − 2 15 3 2 4 2 [n( n + 1)]2 + 2 n( n + 1) + 1
…(i)
2 (a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 1 (d) 2 =
5 5 5 5 [n( n + 1)]2
 22 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

4. A race has three parts. The 3600 If D covers 5100 m, then C covers
⇒ speed of train = 20 × km/h
speed and time required to 1000 3000 × 5100
= = 5884.62 m
[Q 1 km = 1000 m, 1 h = 3600 s] 2600

5 complete the individual parts

for a runner is displayed on the
following chart

Speed (km/h) 9
Time (min)
Part I Part II

50
8
80
Part III
7.5
100
= 72 km/h

6. A cyclist covers his first 20 km

at an average speed of 40 km/h,
another 10 km at an average
speed of 10 km/h and the last
[Q Speed of B and D is same C]
then, A covers 6000 m and covers
5884.62 m
Hence, A beats C by
6000 − 5884.62 = 115.38 m

30 km at an average speed of 8. The minute hand of a clock

What is the average speed of 40 km/h. Then, the average overtakes the hour hand after

SPEED, TIME AND DISTANCE this runner?

(a) 8.17 km/h
(c) 7.80 km/h
(b) 8 km/h
(d) 7.77 km/h
speed of the entire journey is
(a) 20 km/h
(c) 28.24 km/h
(b) 26.67 km/h
(d) 30 km/h
Distance
every 72 min of correct time.
How much time does the clock
lose or gain in a day of normal
time?
_ (b) _ (b) We know that, Time = 10 1
Speed
(a) Lose 130 min (b) Lose 157 min
Part I Part II Part III 11 11
The distance of M to Z Time taken by cyclist to cover first 20 km
2019 (II) 2019 (I) = 3 × 80 = 240 km Speed (km/h) 9 8 7.5
=
20 1
= h
9
(c) Gain 121 min (d) Gain 157
1
min
40 2 11 11
Car C started at 7 : 00 pm Time (min) 50 80 100
1. It takes 11 h for a 600 km 2. Three cars A, B and C started [from point (M)] Time taken by cyclist to cover 10 km _ (a) As we know that in a correct clock,
50 15
from a point at 5 pm, 6 pm and Distance of Part I = 9 × = km 10 the minute hand gains 55 min spaces
journey if 120 km is done by Car C has to travel 240 km in 2 h to 60 2 = = 1h over the hour hand in 60 min
train and the rest by car. It takes 7 pm, respectively and travelled meet car A and car B. 10
[Q Distance = Speed × Time] To be together again, the minute hand
40 min more if 200 km are at uniform speeds of 60 km/h, Speed of car C =
240
= 120 km/h 80 32 And time taken by cyclist to cover
must gain 60 min over the hour hand.
80 km/h and x km/h, respectively Distance of part II = 8 × = km remaining 30 km =
30 3
= h
covered by train and the rest by 2 60 3 Q 55 min are gained in
in the same direction. If all the 40 4
car. What is the ratio of speed Option (a) is correct. 100 75  60 × 60 = 65 5 min
Distance of part III = 7.5 × = Now, total distance travelled  
of the car to that of the train? three meet at another point at Q Speed = Distance  60 6  55 
= (20 + 10 + 30) km 11
(a) 3 : 2 (b) 2 : 3 the same instant during their  Time  15 32 75
Total Distance = + + = 60 km But they are together after 72 min
(c) 3 : 4 (d) 4 : 3 journey, then what is the value of 2 3 6
∴Lose in 72 min =  72 − 65  min
5
Total time taken =  + 1 +  h
x? 3. Radha and Hema are 45 + 64 + 75 184
1 3
_ (a) Let the speed of train be x km/h and neighbours and study in the = = km 2 4
 11
car y km/h. (a) 120 (b) 110 (c) 105 (d) 100 6 6 6 72
same school. Both of them use 2 + 4 + 3 9
According to the question, Total time = 50 + 80 + 100 = 230 min =   = h
=6 min = min
_ (a) Speed of car A = 60 km/h bicycles to go to the school.  4  4 11 11
230 23
120 480
+ = 11 Speed of car B = 80 km/h Radha’s speed is 8 km/h whereas = = h  72 60 × 24 
…(i)
60 6 ∴Required average speed ∴ Lose in 24 h =  ×  min
x y
Speed of car C = x km/h Hema’s speed is 10 km/h. Hema  11 72 
60 80
200 400 2 The average speed of this runner = × 4= km/h 1440 10
+ = 11 …(ii) takes 9 min less than Radha to 184 9 3 = min = 130 min
x y 3 reach the school. How far is the 11 11
M N Z Total Distance 184 × 6 = 26.67 km/h
To multiply Eq. (i) by 5 and Eq. (ii) by 3, school from the locality of = = 6 =
Cars A, B and C started from a point ( M ) Total Time 23 6 × 23 7. In a race of 1000 m, A beats B 9. A thief steals a car parked in a
and subtracting, we get Radha and Hema?
Car A started at 5 pm from point M 6 house and goes away with a
600 2400 600 1200 by 150 m, while in another race
+ − − = 55 − 35 distance coverd by car A in 1h = speed × (a) 5 km (b) 5.5 km = 8 km/h speed of 40 km/h. The theft was
of 3000 m, C beats D by 400 m.
x y x y time = 60 × 1 = 60 km (c) 6 km (d) 6.5 km
Option (b) is correct. discovered after half an hour
1200 Speed of B is equal to that of D.
= 20 Then, distance between point M and N _ (c) Radha’s speed = 8 km/h (Assume that A, B, C and D run and immediately the owner sets
y = 60 km Hema’s speed = 10 km/h off in another car with a speed
with uniform speed in all the
⇒ y = 60 km/h Car B started at 6 pm from point ( M ) Let the distance of the school from the 2018 (II) events). If A and C participate of 60 km/h. When will the
On putting y = 60 in Eq. (i), we get In same direction locality of Radha and Hema = x km owner meet the thief?
in a race of 6000 m, then which
120 480 Relative speed of car A and car B According to the question, 5. A train 100 m long passes a one of the following is correct? (a) 55 km from the owner’s house and
+ = 11
x 60 = 80 − 60 = 20 km/h x x 9 Q Time = Distance  platform 100 m long in 10 s. one hour after the theft
− = (a) A beats C by 250 m
⇒
120
= 11 − 8
Time taken by car B meet to car A 8 10 60  Speed  The speed of the train is (b) C beats A by 250 m (b) 60 km from the owner’s house and
60 (a) 36 km/h (b) 45 km/h 1.5 h after the theft
x = = 3h 10x − 8x 3 Q1 minute = 1 hour  (c) A beats C by 115.38 m
= (c) 60 km from the owner’s house and
x = 40 km/hr 20 8 × 10 20  60  (c) 54 km/h (d) 72 km/h (d) C beats A by 115.38 m
1.5 h after the discovery of the theft
Q Time = Distance  _ (d) Given, length of train = 100 m
∴
y 60
Required ratio = =  2 x = 12 _ (c) In a race of 1000 m, A beats B 150 m (d) 55 km from the owner’s house and
Speed  Length of platform = 100 m
x 40 x = 6 km So, if A covers 1000 m, then B covers 1.5 h after the theft
3 After three hour car B meet car A at Time taken to pass platform = 10 s = 1000 − 150 = 850 m
= = 3:2 point Z at 9 : 00 pm.
Option (c) is correct.
Now, distance covered by train = 100 m
_ (b) Speed of thief = 40 km/h
2 Similarly, if C covers 3000 m, then D Speed of owner = 60 km/h
+100 m = 200 m covers 3000 − 400 = 2600 m
Distance Q Distance = Speed × Time
Q Speed =
Time
A covers 6000 m, then B covers ∴Distance travelled by thief in half an hour
6000 × 850 1
∴ Speed =
200
= 20 m/s = = 5100 m = 40 × = 20 km
10 1000 2
Speed, Time and Distance 23 24 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

540  −
Now, relative speed of owner and thief 12. A man can row at a speed of 16. A boy went to his school at a 18. A man travelled 12 km at a 1 1 
⇒ =3
= ( 60 − 40) km/h x km/h in still water. If in a 2017 (II) speed of 12 km/h and returned speed of 4 km/h and  x x + 15 
= 20 km/h + −
stream which is flowing at a to his house at a speed of 8 further 10 km at a speed of 5 540  =3
x 15 x
14. If a train crosses a km-stone in ⇒
∴Time taken by owner to catch thief speed of y km/h it takes him km/h. If he has taken 50 min for km/h. What was his average  x ( x + 15) 
20 12 s, how long will it take to
= = 1h z h to row to a place and back, the whole journey, what was the speed? ⇒ 540 × 15 = 3x ( x + 15)
cross 91 km-stones completely if
20 then what is the distance total distance walked? (a) 4.4 km/h (b) 4.5 km/h ⇒ 2700 = x 2 + 15x
Distance covered by thief after the theft its speed is 60 km/h?
between the two places? (a) 4 km (b) 8 km (c) 16 km (d) 20 km (c) 5.0 km/h (d) 2.5 km/h ⇒ x + 15x − 2700 = 0
2
= 40 ×  1 + 
1 (a) 1 h 30 min (b) 1 h 30 min 12 s
 z (x 2 − y2 ) z (x 2 − y2 ) Total distance ⇒ ( x + 60)( x − 45) = 0
2 (a) (b) (c) 1 h 51 min (d) 1 h 1 min 3 s _ (b) Let the distance between school to _ (a) Average speed =
3 2y 2x house is x km. Total time taken ⇒ x = 45 [Q x ≠ −60]
= 40 × = 60 km
(x 2 − y2 ) z (x 2 − y2 ) _ (b) We have, speed of train = 60 km/h 12 + 10 Q Time = Distance 
2 (c) (d) Total time taken to cover distance is = ∴Time taken by passenger train to
∴The owner will meet the thief at 60 km 2 zx x Speed of train is m/s 50 min  12  +  10 
     Speed  reach the meeting point
60 × 5 50 x x 50  4  5
from the owner’s house and 1.5 h after = m/s = m/s ∴ + = =
540
= 12 h
_ (b) Downstream speed of man 18 3 12 8 60 22 22
the theft. 45
= ( x + y) km/h = = = 4.4 km/h
Train crosses a km stone in 12 s.  2 + 3  50 3+2 5 ∴Both train will meet at (6 pm + 12 h)
Upstream speed of man x  =
∴ Length of train = speed × time  24  60 = 6 am
2018 (I) = ( x − y) km /h
= 
50
× 12  m x =
50 × 24
Let distance between two places be D km.
According to the question,
 3  5 × 60 2017 (I) 21. A 225 m long train is running at
a speed of 30 km / hour. How
10. A train moving with a speed of = 200 m =
200 1
= km x = 4 km
D D much time does it take to cross
60 km/h crosses an electric + = z 1000 5 19. In a 100 m race A runs at a
x + y x−y ∴Total distance walked by boy is a man running at 3 km / hour in
pole in 30 s. What is the length Total distance travelled by train 5
2 x = 2 × 4 = 8 km speed of m/s. If A give a start the same direction?
of the train in metres?  x − y + x + y completely 3
D = z 91 km + length of train 17. A man rows down a river 18 km (a) 40 s (b) 30 s
(a) 300 (b) 400  x 2 − y 2  of 4 m to B and still beats him
in 4 h with the stream and (c) 25 s (d) 15 s
=  91 +  km =
(c) 500 (d) 600 1 456 by 12 s, what is speed of B
2x km
D× 2 = z  5 returns in 10 h.
_ (c) Speed of train = 60 km/h 5
(a)
5
m/s
7
(b) m/s _ (b) We have,
x − y2 Distance Consider the following Speed of train = 30 km/h
Time taken to cross pole = 30 s Time taken by train = 4 5
z( x 2 − y 2 ) Speed statement 4 6 and speed of man = 3 km/h
Q Distance = Speed × Time ∴ D= (c) m/s (d) m/s
5 2x  456  456 1. The speed of the man against 3 5 ∴ Relative speed of train = Speed of
∴Length of train = 60 × × 30 = h= h
18  5 × 60  300 the stream is 1.8 km/h. _ (c) Let the speed of B be x m/s. train − Speed of man
13. A car has an average speed of 60
= 500 m 2. The speed of the man in still Then, according to the question = ( 30 − 3) km/h
km/h while going from Delhi to = 1 hr 30 min 12 s
water is 3.15 km/h. 96 100
− = 12 = 27 km/h
11. A passenger train and a goods Agra and has an average speed 15. In a 100 m race, A runs at 6 3. The speed of the stream is x ( 5 / 3)
= 27 ×
5
m/s
train are running in the same of y km/h while returning to km/h. If A gives B a start of 8m 1.35 km/h. 96 96 18
Delhi from Agra (by travelling and still beats him by 9 s, what ⇒ − 60 = 12 ⇒ = 72
direction on parallel railway Which of the above statements x x 15
the same distance). If the is the speed of B? = m/s
tracks. If the passenger train are correct? 4 2
average speed of the car for the ⇒ x =
now takes three times as long to (a) 4.6 km/h (b) 4.8 km/h
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 3 To cross the man, train have to cover
pass the goods train, as when whole journey is 48 km/h, then (c) 5.2 km/h (d) 5.4 km/h 4 the distance equal to its length.
what is the value of y? (c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 ∴ Speed of B is m/s. Distance
they are running in opposite _ (b) Speed of A = 6 km/h 3 ∴ Time to cross =
directions, then what is the ratio (a) 30 km/h 6× 5 5 _ (d) Let the speed of man in still water Speed
(b) 35 km/h Speed of A in m/s = = m/s = x km/h 20. A passenger train departs from
of the speed of the passenger 18 3 225
= s = 30 s
train to that of the goods train? (c) 40 km/h speed of stream = y km/h Delhi at 6 pm for Mumbai. At  15 
Time taken by A in 100 m race  
(Assume that the trains run at (d) 45 km/h 100 Distance = 18 km 9 pm an express train, whose 2 
= = 60 s
uniform speeds) 5/3 Speed of man with stream = ( x + y) km/h average speed exceeds that of
_ (c) We know that, if a car travels a 22. A theif is spotted by a
distance at ‘a’ km/h and returns at ‘b’ Q Time = Distance  Speed of man against stream the passenger train by 15 km/h
(a) 2 : 1 (b) 3 : 2 (c) 4 : 3 (d) 1 : 1
 leaves Mumbai for Delhi. Two policeman from a distance of
km/h, then Speed  = ( x − y) km/h
_ (a) Let the speed of passenger train be 2 ab According to the question, trains meet each other 100 m. When the policeman
x km/h. Average speed = Let speed of B = x m/s
a+ b 18 mid-route. At what time do they starts the chase, the theif also
and speed of goods train be y km/h. Time taken by B in (100 − 8) m race =4
Here, a = 60 km/h, b = y km/h x+ y meet, given that the distance starts running. If the speed of
According to the question, 92
= second between the cities is 1080 km? the theif is 8 km / h and that of
2 × 60 × y ⇒ x + y=
18
x + y = 3( x − y) ∴ 48 = x ...(i)
(a) 4 pm (b) 2 am the policeman is 10 km/h, then
60 + y According to the question,
4
⇒ x + y = 3x − 3 y 18 (c) 12 mid-night (d) 6 am how far will the theif have to run
⇒ 48( 60 + y) = 120 y 92 92 and = 10
− 60 = 9, ⇒ = 69 x − y before he is overtaken?
⇒ − 2x = − 4y x x _ (d)
⇒ 2( 60 + y) = 5 y [Divided by 24] 18 6 PM 9 PM (a) 200 m (b) 300 m
or x = 2y ⇒ 120 + 2 y = 5 y x =
92
m/s ⇒ x − y= ...(ii) 540 km 540 km (c) 400 m (d) 500 m
10 D M
x 2 69
or = ⇒ 3 y = 120 92 18 On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get Let the speed of passenger train _ (c) Given,
y 1
∴ y = 40 km/h Speed of B in km/h = × = x km/h Speed of theif = 8 km/h
69 5 Speed of man in still water = 315. km/h
∴Ratio of speed of passenger train to ∴Speed of express train 5 20
= 4.8 km/h Speed of stream = 135 . km/h = 8× = m/s
goods train = 2 : 1 = ( x + 15) km/h 18 9
Speed of man against stream
Then, according to the question, Speed of policeman = 10 km/h
= ( 315
. − 135
. ) km/h = 18 . km 540 540 5 25
− =3 = 10 × = m/s
∴All the 3 statements are correct. x x + 15 18 9
Speed, Time and Distance 25 26 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

Distance between policeman and thief 25. A person can row downstream Now, Distance = Speed × Time 30. A passenger train takes 1 h less 32. A man walking at 5 km/h 34. A clock strikes once at
= 100 m 20 km in 2 h and upstream 4 km 5 for a journey of 120 km, if its noticed that a 225 m long train 1 O’clock, twice at 2 O’clock
⇒ ( l + l / 2 ) = 90 × × 12
Let distance covered by theif = x m in 2 h. What is the speed of the 18 speed is increased by 10 km/h coming in the opposite direction and thrice at 3 O’clock and so
According to the question, 3
current? ⇒ l = 25 × 12 from its usual speed. What is its crossed him in 9 s. The speed of on. If it takes 8 s to strike at
100 + x x  Distance  2 usual speed? the train is 5 O’clock, then time taken by it
= (a) 2 km/h (b) 2.5 km/h
20  
Q Time =
25 Speed  (c) 3 km/h (d) 4 km/h ⇒ l = 200 m to strike at 10 O’clock is
(a) 50 km/h (b) 40 km/h (a) 75 km/h (b) 80 km/h
9 9 20 Let x be the length of platform. (c) 35 km/h (d) 30 km/h (c) 85 km/h (d) 90 km/h
_ (d) Downstream speed = = 10 km/h (a) 14 s (b) 16 s
400 + 4x = 5x 2 As, train crosses the platform in 45 s.
_ (d) Let the usual speed of train be x _ (c) Let the speed of the train = x km/h (c) 18 s (d) None of these
x = 400 m Q Speed = Distance  ∴ ( x + l ) = 48 ×
5
× 45 km/h.
Then, relative speed of train _ (b) Q A clock takes time to strike at
 Time  18 120
− 1=
120 5 O’clock = 8 s
Then, = ( x + 5) km/h
4 ⇒ x + 200 = 600 x x + 10 Then, time taken to strike at 1 O’clock
Upstream speed = = 2 km/h and length of the train
2016 (II) 2 ∴ x = 400 m
1
⇒ 120  −
1 
=1 = 225 m = 0 .225 km [given]
8
= s
Speed of current 28. The speeds of three cars are in x x + 10  Time taken by train to cross the man
5
23. Two men, A and B run a 4 km downstream speed − upstream speed ∴ Time taken to strike at 10 O’clock
= the ratio 2 : 3 : 4. What is the  10  distance 0 .225
⇒ = =
=1
race on a course 0.25 km round. 2 120  h 8
ratio between the times taken x + 5 = × 10 = 16 s
10 − 2 8  x ( x + 10) time
5
If their speeds are in the ratio = = = 4 km/h by these cars to travel the same
5 : 4, how often does the winner 2 2 ⇒ x 2 + 10x − 1200 = 0 According to the question,
distance? 0.225 9 35. A person goes to a market
pass the another? ⇒ ( x + 40) ( x − 30) = 0 =
26. A motorist travels to a place (a) 4 : 3 : 2 (b) 2 : 3 : 4 x + 5 3600 between 4 pm and 5 pm when
∴ x = 30 km/h
(a) Once (b) Twice 150 km away at an average (c) 4 : 3 : 6 (d) 6 : 4 : 3
∴ x + 5 = 90 ⇒ x = 85 km/h he comes back, he finds that the
(c) Thrice (d) Four times speed of 50 km/h and returns at Hence, the usual speed of train is
_ (d) Let the speed of three cars be 2 x, 3x Hence, the speed of the train is 85 km/h. hour hand and the minute hand
30 km/h.
_ (c) When A completes 5 rounds, B 30 km/h. What is the average and 4x respectively. of the clock have interchanged
completes 4 rounds. speed for the whole journey? 31. In a race of 1000 m, A beats B 33. A cyclist moves non-stop from their positions. For how much
Time taken by these cars to travel a
So, A will overtake B when he completes D D D A to B, a distance of 14 km, at a
(a) 35 km/h (b) 37 km/h distance of D are , and , by 100 m or 10 s. If they start a time (approximately) was he out
5 rounds.
(c) 37.5 km/h (d) 40 km/h 2 x 3x 4x race of 1000 m simultaneously certain average speed. If his of his house?
∴Distance travelled by A when crossing respectively. average speed reduces by 1
from the same point and if B (a) 55.38 min (b) 55.48 min
B = 5 × 0 . 25 km _ (c) Total distance travelled by motorist ∴Ratio between time taken by these km/h, then he takes 20 min
= 150 + 150 = 300 km. gets injured after running 50 m (c) 55.57 min (d) 55.67 min
= 1. 25 km D D D more to cover the same
Total time taken = Time taken going to a cars = : : less than half the race length
There are three 1. 25 km in 4 km. 2 x 3x 4x distance. The original average _ (a) Since, both of the hands are
place + time taken on returning and due to which his speed gets interchanging their positions, minute
So, A will pass B in 3 times. speed of the cyclist is
150 150 Q Time = Distance  halved, then by how much time hand is taking the place of the hour hand
= + = 8h 
24. When the speed of a train is 50 30 Speed  will A beat B ? (a) 5 km/h (b) 6 km/h and the hour hand is taking the place of
Total distance (c) 7 km/h (d) None of these minute hand.
increased by 20%, it takes ∴Average speed = 1 1 1 (a) 65 s (b) 60 s
Total time taken = : : (c) 50 s (d) 45 s ∴ Sum of the angles formed by hour
20 min less to cover the same 2 3 4 _ (c) Let the original average speed of and minute hand = 360°
distance. What is the time taken =
300 _ (a) Since, either A beats B by 100 m or cyclist = x km/h
= 6:4:3 Let us assume that he was out of house
to cover the same distance with 8 10 s. It means that B runs Then, time taken to cover the distance
100 m in 10 s. 14 for t min.
the original speed? = 37.5 km/h by original average speed = h
So, the angle formed by minute hand
(a) 140 min (b) 120 min Alternative Method
2 ab
2016 (I) ∴ Speed of B =
100
10
= 10m / s
A
x
B = 6t
(c) 100 min (d) 80 min Average speed = B A and the angled formed by hour hand
a+ b 29. A bike consumes 20 mL of 14 km = 0.5 t
_ (b) Let the distance = x km, original Here, a = 50 km/h, b = 30 km/h
900 m 100 m
speed = y km/h, time = t h petrol per km, if it is driven at a 1000 m When original average speed is So, 0.5 t + 6 t = 360 ⇒ 6.5 t = 360
2 × 50 × 30 speed in the range of 25-50
∴ x = yt …(i) ∴Average Speed = decreased by 1 km/h, then time taken to ⇒ t =
360
= 55.38 min
50 + 30 km/h and consumes 40 mL of Q B gets injured at a distance of 450 m 14 6.5
Now, increased speed 3000 and his speed gets halved. cover the distance = h
= = 37.5 km/h petrol per kilometre at any other ( x − 1) Hence, the person was out of the house
= y + y of 20% 80 So, time taken by B to cover 1000 m
6 speed. How much petrol is for 55.38 min.
= y km/h 450 550 According to the question,
27. A train is travelling at 48 km/h consumed by the bike in = + = 155
5 10 5 14 20 14
completely crosses another train travelling a distance of 50 km, if + =
( 3 t − 1)
and 
time =  t −

20 
60 
h=
3 having half its length and the bike is driven at a speed of Q Ratio of speed of A and B is equal to
ratio of distance covered by A and B.
x 60 ( x − 1) 2015 (II)
40 km/h for the first 10 km, at a 14 1 14
travelling in opposite direction ⇒ + =
 3 t − 1
∴ Distance, x =  y  A : B = 1000 : 900
6 x 3 ( x − 1) 36. Two trains are moving in the
 …(ii) at 42 km/h in 12s. It also passes speed of 60 km/h for the next
5   3  = 10 : 9
30 km and at a speed of 42 + x 14 same direction at 1.5 km/min
a railway platform in 45s. What 10 ⇒ =
[from Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get]
is the length of the platform? 30 km/h for the last 10 km? Now, speed of A = × 10 3x ( x − 1) and 60 km/h, respectively. A
6  3 t − 1 9 man in the faster train observes
⇒ yt = y  (a) 600 m (b) 400 m (a) 1 L (b) 1.2 L 100 ⇒ ( 42 + x ) ( x − 1) = 42 x
5  3  (c) 1.4 L (d) 1.6 L = m/s ⇒ 42 x − 42 + x 2 − x = 42 x
that it takes 27 s to cross the
(c) 300 m (d) 200 m 9
⇒ x 2 − x − 42 = 0
slower train. The length of the
⇒ 5 t = 2 ( 3 t − 1)
_ (b) Let the length of the train bel, then _ (d) Petrol consumed by the bike Time taken by A to cover
= (10 × 20) + ( 30 × 40) + (10 × 20) mL
slower train is
⇒ 5t = 6t − 2 length of train travelling in opposite 1000 ⇒ ( x − 7 ) ( x + 6) = 0
1000 m = × 9 = 90 s (a) 225 m (b) 230 m
⇒ t =2h direction is l / 2. = (200 + 1200 + 200) mL 100 ∴ x = 7 km/h
(c) 240 m (d) 250 m
Relative speed of train = ( 48 + 42 ) = 1600 mL [Q x ≠ − 6]
⇒ t = (2 × 60) min Hence, A beat B by length of time
= 90 km / h = 1. 6 L _ (a) Let the length of the slower train = x
∴ t = 120 min = (155 − 90) = 65 s Hence, the original average speed of
the cyclist is 7 km/h. Speed of faster train = 1.5 km/min
Speed, Time and Distance 27 28 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

1.5 × 1000 30 30 1 41. Three athletes run a 4 km race. of p km/h and B travels at the Distance
= = 25 m/s ∴ + =4 ∴ Required time =
60 x + 15 15 − x 2 Their speeds are in the ratio 2015 (I) rate of q km/h, then A has Speed
and speed of slower train 30(15 − x + 15 + x ) 9 16 : 15 : 11. When the winner 600
5 50 ⇒ = travelled before he overtakes B a = = 1h
= 60 km /h = 60 × = m/s wins the race, then the distance 43. A man rows downstream 32 km
18 3 15 2 − x 2 2 distance of 600
between the athlete in the second and 14 km upstream and he qc pc
Since, these trains are moving in same 30( 30) 9 47. With a uniform speed, a car
⇒ = position to the athlete in the takes 6 h to cover each distance. (a) km (b) km
direction. 225 − x 2 2 p+ q p−q covers a distance in 8 h. Had
third position is What is the speed of the qc pc
So, relative speed of train ⇒ 200 = 225 − x 2 (c) km (d) km the speed been increased by 4
(a) 1000 m (b) 800 m current? p−q p+ q
=  25 −
50  25 ⇒ x 2 = 25 km/h, the same distance could
 m/s = m/s (a) 0.5 km/h (b) 1 km/h
 3 3 (c) 750 m (d) 600 m
have been covered in 7 h and 30
∴ x = 5 km/h (c) 1.5 km/h (d) 2 km/h _ (b) Let A and B will meet after t h at point
Time taken by crossing slower train
Hence, speed of stream = 5 km/h _ (a) Ratio of speeds are 16 : 15 : 11. distance 32 E. min. What is the distance
= 27s Let speed of winner athletic be 16x km/h. _ (c) Downstream speed = =
covered?
time 6
∴ Distance = Speed × Time 39. By increasing the speed of his Similarly, second and third position of 14 A B E
25 Upstream speed = (a) 420 km (b) 480 km
⇒ x = × 27 = 225 m car by 15km/h, a person covers speed of athletic is 15x and 11x, 6
respectively. Distance travelled by A = pt h (c) 520 km (d) 640 km
3 300 km distance by taking an Speed of current
[Q Distance = S peed × T ime] _ (b) Let the distance between A and B be
hour less than before. The Total distance travelled by winner is 4 km. downstream speed − upstream speed
37. In a race A, B and C take part. Distance 4 = and distance travelled by B = qt h x km.
original speed of the car was Q Time = = h 2
A beats B by 30 m, B beats C Speed 16x According to the question, x km
(a) 45 km/h (b) 50 km/h 32 14
by 20 m and A beats C by 48 − pt = qt + c
(c) 60 km/h (d) 75 km/h 18 3 A B
m. Which of the following is/are
Distance travelled by second athletic in = 6 6 = = = 15 . km/h
4 4 15 2 2×6 2 ⇒ pt − qt = c
correct? _ (c) Let the original speed of car be x h= × 15x = km
⇒ t( p − q ) = c Case I Given, distance = x km,
km/h. 16x 16x 4
1. The length of the race is 44. A car travels the first one-third c speed = V km/h [let] and time = 8 h
Time taken to cover 300 km =
300 [Q Distance = Speed × Time] ⇒ t = …(i)
300 m. h of a certain distance with a p−q Q Speed =
Distance
x Similarly, distance travelled by third
2. The speeds of A, B and C are in speed of 10 km/h, the next Time
Q Time = Distance  athletic in ∴ Distance travelled by x
the ratio 50 : 45 : 42. one-third distance with a speed ∴ V =
 Speed  4 4 11 pc …(i)
h= × 11x = km of 20 km/h and the last A = pt = km [from Eq. (i)] 8
Select the correct answer using 16x 16x 4 p−q
If the speed of car is increased by one-third distance with a Case II If speed = ( V + 4) km/h
codes given below. 15 km/h. ∴Difference between their distances
speed of 60 km/h. 46. In a flight of 600 km, an aircraft 1 15
time = 7 h =
= 
15 11 and h
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 300
=
300
−1 −  km The average speed of the car for 2 2
Then,  4 4 was slowed down due to bad
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 x + 15 x the whole journey is x
weather. Its average speed for the ∴ V+4=
300 300 = 1 km = 1000 m 15 / 2
_ (c) ⇒ 1= − (a) 18 km/h (b) 24 km/h trip was reduced by 200 km/h
x x + 15 42. In a race of 100 m, A beats B by (c) 30 km/h (d) 36 km/h 2x
1. Let the length of race be x m. and the time of flight increased ⇒ V+4=
Then, distance covered by A = x m.  x + 15 − x  4 m and A beats C by 2m. By by 30 min. The duration of the 15
= 300  _ (a) Let total distance of AB be x km.
 ⇒
x
+4=
2x
Distance covered by B when A  x ( x + 15)  how many metres
x/3 km x/3 km x/3 km
flight is [from Eq. (i)]
reaches the destination = x − 30 (approximately) would C beat B 8 15
4500 t1 t2 t3 (a) 1 h (b) 2 h (c) 3 h (d) 4 h
Distance covered by C when A ⇒ 1= 2 in another 100 m race assuming A C D B
⇒
2x x
− =4
x + 15x x km
_ (a) Let the original speed of an aircraft be 15 8
reaches the destination = x − 48 C and B run with their For distance AC,
⇒ x + 15x − 4500 = 0
2 x km/h and its reduced speed x
and distance covered by C when B respective speeds as in the x/3 x ⇒ =4
reaches the destination = x − 20 ⇒ ( x + 75)( x − 60) = 0 t1 = = h = ( x − 200) km/h. 120
earlier race? 10 30
x − 30 x − 48 ∴ x = 60 km/h Q Time = Distance 
Condition I Time taken by aircraft to ∴ x = 480 km
⇒ = (a) 2 (b) 2.04 (c) 2.08 (d) 3.2 600
x x − 20  Speed  cover 600 km = h. 2
40. Two trains, one is of 121 m in _ (b) Speed of B in first race x 48. A runs 1 times as fast as B. If A
⇒ x − 50x + 600 = x 2 − 48x
2
For distance CD,
length at the speed of 40 km/h 100 − 4 96 Condition II Time taken by aircraft to 3
∴ x = 300 m = = x/3 x
and the other is of 99 m in t t t2 = = h cover 600 km =
600
h given B a start of 80 m, then
2. The speeds of A,B and C are in the 20 60 ( x − 200) how far must the winning post
length at the speed of 32 km/h 100 − 2 98
ratio Speed of C in first race = = For distance DB,
are running in opposite t t According to the question, from the starting point be so
300 : 270 : 252 = 50 : 45 : 42 t3 =
x/3
=
x
directions. In how much time Time taken by C to complete second race h 600 600 1 that A and B might reach it at
60 180 − =
38. A motor boat, whose speed is will they be completely clear 100 100 t x − 200 x 2 the same time?
= = …(i) Total time taken = t 1 + t 2 + t 3
15km/h in still water goes 30 from each other from the 98 98 Q 30 min = 1 h (a) 200 m (b) 300 m
x x x
km downstream and comes back moment they meet ? t = + +  2  (c) 270 m (d) 160 m
As C beats B in second race. 30 60 180
in a total of 4 h and 30 min. The (a) 10 s (b) 11 s (c) 16 s (d) 21 s 10 x x On dividing both sides by 600, we get _ (a) Let the speed of B be x m/s.
speed of the stream is ∴ Time taken by B when C completes = = 1 1 1 2 5x
_ (b) Total length of train = 121 + 99 the race 180 18 − = ∴ Speed of A = 1 x = m /s
(a) 4 km/h (b) 5 km/h Total distance x − 200 x 600 × 2 3 3
= 220 m 100 − x (100 − x )t ∴ Average speed = x − x + 200
(c) 6 km/h (d) 10 km/h = = …(ii) Total time taken ⇒ =
1 Ratio of speed of rates of A and B
Relative speed of trains = ( 40 + 32 ) km/h 96 96 x( x − 200) 1200 5x
_ (b) Let speed of stream be x km/h. x = :x= 5 :3
= 72 km/h t = = 18 km / h 200 1 3
Speed of boat in downstream From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get x ⇒ =
5 Q 2 m are gained in a race of 5 m.
= ( x + 15) km/h i.e. 72 × m/s = 20 m/s 18 x ( x − 200) 1200
18 100 t (100 − x )t
= ∴ 1 m are gained in a race of m.
5
Speed of boat in upstream Distance 98 96 ⇒ x 2 − 200x − 240000 = 0
Time = 45. Two persons A and B start 2
= (15 − x ) km/h
Q
Speed 100 − x 96 ⇒ ( x − 600)( x + 400) = 0
⇒ = simultaneously from two places So, 80 m are gained in a race of
Total time taken = 4 h 30 min 220 100 98 c km apart and walk in the same ⇒ x = 600 km / h 5
= = 11 s × 80 = 200 m
20 ∴ x~ − 2.04 direction. If A travels at the rate ⇒ x ≠ −400 km/h 2
Speed, Time and Distance 29

49. A thief is noticed by a 51. The distance between two 1 2

Remaining distance = d − d = d
policeman from a distance of points ( A and B) is 110 km. X 3 3
2
200 m. The thief starts running starts running from point A at a Time taken to cover rd distance,

6
and the policeman chases him. speed of 60 km/h and Y starts 3
2
The thief and the policeman run running from point B at a speed d
2d
at the speed of 10 km/h and of 40 km/h at the same time. t2 = 3 =
2y 6y
11 km/h, respectively. What is They meet at a point C,
Time taken to cover distance from A to B
the distance between them after somewhere on the line AB. 2d
and B to A, t =
6 min? What is the ratio of AC to BC? 6z
According to the question, t 1 + t 2 = t

WORK-TIME AND
(a) 100 m (b) 120 m (c) 150 m (d) 160 m (a) 3 : 2 (b) 2 : 3
(c) 3 : 4 (d) 4 : 3
_ (a) Given, speed of thief = 10 km/h ⇒
d
+
2d 2d
=
10 × 1000 _ (a) Distance between two points = 110 km 3x 6y 6z
= m / min

UNITARY METHOD
60 Their relative speed = 60 + 40 1 1 1
500 = 100 km/h ⇒ + =
= m / min 3x 3y 3z
3 Time after which they meet
1 1 1
and speed of policeman = 11 km/h Total distance ∴ + =
= x y z
11 × 1000
= Relative speed _ (b) Number of workers ( x + 2 ) worked for _ (d) Tushar takes 6 h to complete a piece
60
m/min
=
110
= 1.10 h 53. A train travels at a speed of 40 2019 (II) ( x − 3) days and ( x + 4) workers worked of work. While Amar complete the same
550 for ( x − 2 ) days. work in 10 h.
= m/min 100 km/h and another train at a
3 1. A stock of food grains is enough According to the question, Then, both complete the same work
Distance covered by A in 1.10 h speed of 20 m/s. What is the 1 1 16
Now, distance travelled by thief in 6 min = AC = 60 × 1.10
for 240 men for 48 days. How ( x + 2 )( x − 3) 3 = + =
ratio of speed of the first train long will the same stock last for = 6 10 60
=
500
× 6 = 1000 m = 66 km to that of the second train? ( x + 4)( x − 2 ) 4
160 men? 60
3 x2 − x − 6 3 ∴Required time = = 3 h 45 min
C (a) 2 : 1 (b) 5 : 9 = 16
[Q Distance = Speed × Time] A B (a) 72 days (b) 64 days
(c) 5 : 3 (d) 9 : 5 (c) 60 days (d) 54 days x + 2x − 8 4
2
Option (d) is correct.
and distance travelled by policeman in 110 km 4( x − x − 6) = 3( x 2 + 2 x − 8)
2
550 _ (b) Given, speed of a train = 40 km/h _ (a) Let total stock of food grains be 1 unit.
6 min = × 6 = 1100 m 4x 2 − 4x − 24 = 3x 2 + 6x − 24
3 Remaining distance = 40 ×
5
18
m/s 240 men eat 1 units food grains in
x 2 − 10x = 0 2018 (II)
∴ Difference = (1100 − 1000) = BC = 110 − 66 = 44 km = 48 days
Speed of another train = 20 m/s x 2 = 10x
= 100 m ∴ Required ratio = AC : BC 1 man eat 1 unit food grains in
∴ x = 10 6. Two workers ‘A’ and ‘B’ working
∴Required ratio =
Speed of first train = 48 × 240 days together completed a job in
Hence, the distance between them after = 66 : 44 = 3 : 2
Speed of second train (By unitary method) 4. A field can be reaped by 12 men 5 days. Had ‘A’ worked twice as
6 min is (200 − 100) m = 100 m .
52. A man rides one-third of the 5 ∴160 men eat 1 unit food grains in or 18 women in 14 days. In how efficiently as he actually did and
40 × 48 × 240
distance from A to B at the rate = 18 = 2 × 5 = = 72 days
many days can 8 men and 16 ‘B’ worked one-third as
women reap it?
2014 (II) of x km/h and the remainder at
the rate of 2 y km/h. If he had
20
10 5
18 160
(a) 26 days (b) 24 days
efficiently as he actually did, the
= = or 5 : 9 2. Two taps X and Y are fixed to a work would have completed in
50. A train takes 10 s to cross a pole travelled at a uniform rate of 18 9 water tank. If only X is opened, (c) 9 days (d) 8 days 3 days. In how many days could
and 20 s to cross a platform of 6z km/h, then he could have it drains out the full tank of _ (c) A field can be reaped by 12 men or ‘A’ alone complete the job?
ridden from A to B and back water in 20 min. If both X and 18 women in 14 days. 1 1
length 200 m. What is the
length of the train? again in the same time. Which 2014 (I) Y are opened, then they drain 12 M = 18W
(a) 3
2
days (b) 4 days
6
one of the following is correct? out the full tank of water in 2 M = 3W 1 1
(a) 50 m (b) 100 m (c) 150 m (d) 200 m (c) 5 days (d) 6 days
(a) z = x + y
54. A train takes 9 s to cross a pole. 15 min. If only Y is opened, M = 3 / 2W …(i) 2 4
_ (d) Let length of the train be l m . (b) 3 z = x + y If the speed of the train is how long does it take to drain Total work = 18W × 14 days _ (d) Let the efficiency of A and B be ‘a’
l 1 1 1 48 km/h, then the length of the out the full tank of water? and ‘b’ respectively.
∴ Speed of train = m/s (c) = + Let 8 men and 16 women can reap the
10 train is According to the question,
z x y (a) 30 min (b) 45 min field = x days
Distance covered by train to cross the  b
(d)
1
=
1
+
1 (a) 150 m (b) 120 m (c) 60 min (d) 90 min ( 8M + 16W ) × x days = 18W × 14 days ( a + b )5 =  2 a +  × 3
platform of length 200 m = ( l + 200) m  3
2z x y (c) 90 m (d) 80 m
_ (c) X drains out full tank in 20 min.  3 
Time taken to cross the platform  8 × W + 16W  × x = 18W × 14 ⇒ 5a + 5b = 6a + b
_ (b) Let the length of the train be x m. X 1 min work =
1  2 
=
Distance _ (c) Let the total distance be d. [by Eq. (i)] ⇒ a = 4b or
a 4
=
1 Now, speed = 48 km/h 20 18W × 14
Speed Time taken to cover rd distance, 48 × 1000 D= = 9 days b 1
3 = m/s X and Y drain out full tank in 15 min. 1
l + 200 28W Now, efficiency ∝
⇒ 20 = 1 60 × 60 X and Y 1 min work =
1
l / 10 d Then, Option (c) is correct. Time
d Train takes 9 s to cross a pole. 15
l t1 = 3 = ∴Ratio of time taken A and B = 1 : 4
⇒ × 20 = l + 200 x 3x ∴ Length of train ( x ) Y 1 min work =
1
−
1
=
1 5. Tushar takes 6 h to complete a
10 Let time taken by A to finish the job be x
15 20 60 piece of work, while Amar
Q Time = Distance  = Speed × Time to cross the pole days.
⇒ 2 l − l = 200 Y will take 60 min to drain out full tank.
 Speed  48 × 1000 completes the same work in
∴ l = 200 m x = × 9 = 120 m ∴ Time taken by B to finish the job = 4x
60 × 60 3. If the ratio of the work done by 10 h. If both of them work days
Hence, length of the train is 200 m.
( x + 2) workers in ( x − 3) days to together, then what is the Now, according to the question,
the work done by ( x + 4) workers time required to complete 1
+
1
=
1
in ( x − 2) days is 3 : 4, then what the work? x 4x 5
is the value of x ? (a) 3 h (b) 3 h 15 min 4x + x 1
⇒ =
(a) 8 (b) 10 (c) 12 (d) 15 (c) 3 h 30 min (d) 3 h 45 min 4x 2 5
Work and Time 31 32 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

15x 1 12. A man undertakes to do a (a) S2 is only sufficient 800 closing the outlet. What time will
⇒ = ∴Work done by X in 1day = ⇒ 4800 = ×5×n
54x 2 12 certain work in 150 days. He (b) S1, S2 and S3 are necessary 60 be taken by the outlet to empty
⇒ x =
25 1
= 6 days Similarly, work done by X and Y in 1 day employs 200 men. He finds that (c) Any two out of S1, S2 and S3 are ⇒ 48 × 60 = 8 × 5 × n the full tub of water?
4 4 1 sufficient 48 × 60
= only a quarter of the work is ⇒ n= (a) 35 h (b) 25 h
∴Number of days taken by A to complete 6 (d) None of the above 8×5
done in 50 days. How many (c) 20 h (d) 17 h
1 1 1
job 6 days. ∴1 day work of Y = − additional men should he _ (c) Two taps P and Q fill at the rate of ∴ n = 6 × 12 = 72 days 3
4 6 12 12 L/min and 10 L/min respectively. _ (b) Let the volume of tub is V m .
2 −1 1 employ so that the whole work 16. 30 men can complete a job in
= = S1 : Pipe R drains out at the rate of Tap can fill a tub in 10 h.
7. ‘A’ is thrice as good a workman 12 12
is finished in time? 40 days. However, after 24 days V 3
6 L/min. Then water fill in tank In one hour tub fill = m
as ‘B’ and takes 10 days less to ∴ Y will complete the work in 12 days. (a) 75 (b) 85 (c) 100 (d) 120 some men out of the assigned
= (12 + 10 − 6) 10
do a piece of work than ‘B’ 1 30 left the job. The remaining
_ (c) Given, M1 = 200, D1 = 50, W1 = = 16 L / min Let outlet empty the tub in x h.
takes. The number of days taken 10. Twelve (12) persons can paint 4 people took another 40 days to V
10 identical rooms in 16 days.
S 2 : Total time taken to fill the tank Part of tub empty in one hour m3.
by ‘B’ alone to finish the work is M 2 = 200 + x (here x is the number of complete the job. The number x
= 5 h 45 min
(a) 12 (b) 15 (c) 20 (d) 30 In how many days can 8 persons men that must be increased) According to the question,
Then, capacity of tank = 16 × 5 h 45 min of men who left the job is
paint 20 such rooms? D2 = 150 − 50 = 100, W 2 =
3 5V 5V 7V
_ (b) Let A can finish the work = x days (a) 12 (b) 24 (c) 36 (d) 48 4 = 16 ×
23
× 60 = 5520 L (a) 24 (b) 18 (c) 12 (d) 6 − + =V
B can finish the work = 3x days 4 10 x 10
M1 × D1 M 2 × D2 _ (b) Let number of men who left the job
Now, = ⇒
12
− 1=
5
According to the question, _ (d) 12 persons can paint 10 identical W1 W2
S1: R drains cut at the rate of 6L/ min is x
rooms in 16 days. 10 x
3x − x = 10 ⇒ 2 x = 10 200 × 50 (200 + x ) × 100 S 3 : R drains cut the filled tank in 1 5 hr 1
∴ Time taken by 12 persons to paint 20 ∴ = Clearly, 1 day’s work of 30 men = ⇒ x = 25
x =5 1 3 20 min 40
such identical rooms = 16 × 2 = 32 days then, capacity of tank = 6 × 15 hr 20 min ∴Outlet can empty the full tub of water in
∴ B alone can finish the work 4 4 1 day’s work of 1 man =
1
And time taken by 1 person to paint 20 46 25 h.
= 3 × 5 = 15 days 200 × 50 × 3 = 6× × 60 30 × 40
identical rooms = ( 32 × 12 ) days ⇒ 200 + x =
100
3 ⇒ 24 day’s work of 30 men
8. Twelve (12) men work 8 h per ∴ Time taken by 8 persons to paint 20 = 5520 Liters 24 × 30 24
day and require 10 days to build such rooms = 
 32 × 12 
 days = 48 days
⇒ x = 300 − 200 = 100
S 2 : P, Q and R are opened then tank is
= =
30 × 40 40
2017 (I)
a wall. If 8 men are available,  8  ∴ Additional men required = 100 23
filled in = 5 hr 45 min = hr and 40 days, work of ( 30 − x ) men 19. If 15 men take 21 days of 8 h
how many hours per day must Alternate Method 4
40 × ( 30 − x )
13. If 5 tractors can plough = each to do a piece of work, then
they work to finish the work in m1 = 12 , d 1 = 16, w1 = 10 and m2 = 8, S 3 : R drains cut the filled take in
5 hectare of land in 5 days, then 30 × 40 what is the number of days of 6
8 days? d 2 = ?, w2 = 20 46
what is the number of tractors = 15 hr 20 min = h h each that 21 women would
md m × d2 3 Q The work is completed in 64 days
(a) 10 h (b) 12 h then, 1 1 = 2 required to plough 100 hectare take, if 3 women would do as
w1 w2 P and Q fill thetank at the rate of 24 40( 30 − x )
(c) 15 h (d) 18 h
in 50 days? ∴ + =1 much as 2 men?
12 × 16 8 × d 2  4 3  8 + 3 11 40 30 × 40
_ (c) 12 men can do a work in 10 days if = = +  = = L/h
10 20
(a) 100 (b) 20 (c) 10 (d) 5  23 46  46 46 24 ( 30 − x ) ( 30 − x ) 16 (a) 18 (b) 20 (c) 25 (d) 30
they work 8 h per day. ⇒ + = 1⇒ =
2 × 12 × 16 _ (c) Here, M1 = 5, D1 = 5, W1 = 5 11 40 30 30 40 _ (d) We have,
∴12 men can do the work in 80 h. d2 = ATQ, L/h = 22 L/min
8 and M 2 = ? , D2 = 50 and W 2 = 100 46 30 − x = 12 M1 = 15, D1 = 21, H1 = 8
1 man will do the same work in (12 × 80) h
d 2 = 48 then, capacity of tank = 72 ×
46
× 60 ∴ x = 18 M 2 = 14, D2 = ?, H2 = 6
= 960 h M1D1
=
M 2 D2
Q 11 Thus, 18 men left the job. [Q 3W = 2 M ⇒ 21W = 14M ]
960 W1 W2
And 8 men will do the same work = h = 5520 cities M1 × D1 × H1 M 2 × D2 × H2
8 2018 (I) ∴
5 × 5 M 2 × 50
=
17. 4 goats or 6 sheep can graze a ∴
W1
=
W2
= 120 h 5 100 field in 50 days. 2 goats and 3
15 × 21 × 8 14 × 6 × D2
Now, to complete the work in 8 days,
 120 
11. A work when done by 10 women ∴ M 2 = 10 2017 (II) sheep will graze it in ⇒
W
=
W
each man would have to work for  h is completed in 12 days. The ∴ Number of tractors = 10 (a) 200 days (b) 150 days
 8  15 × 21 × 8
same work can be completed in 15. To maintain 8 cows for 60 days, (c) 100 days (d) 50 days ∴ D2 = = 30
each day. 14. A water tank has been fitted 14 × 6
8 days when done by 5 men. a milkman has to spend ` 6400. _ (d) We have,
120 How many days will it take to with two taps P and Q and a 20. A and B working together can
∴ Required time = h = 15 h To maintain 5 cows for n days, 4 goats = 6 sheep
8 complete when 6 women and 3 drain pipe R. Taps P and Q fill finish a piece of work in 12 days
he has to spend ` 4800. What is ⇒ 2 goats = 3 sheep
Alternate Method men are employed to perform at the rate of 12 L/min and while B alone can finish it in
the value of n? 2 goats + 3 sheep = 2 goats + 2 goats
Here M1 = 12 , H1 = 8 D1 = 10 the same job? 10 L/min respectively. 30 days. In how many days can
(a) 46 days (b) 50 days = 4 goats
M 2 = 8, H2 = ? D2 = 8 Consider the following A alone finish the work?
(a) 12 (b) 10 (c) 8 (d) 5 (c) 58 days (d) 72 days 2 goats + 3 sheep = 3 sheep + 3 sheep
Q M1D1H1 = M 2D2H2 statements S 1, S 2 and S 3 (a) 18 days (b) 20 days
= 6 sheeps
∴12 × 10 × 8 = 8 × 8 × H2 _ (c) One day work of 1 woman S1: Pipe R drains out at the rate _ (d) Expenditure on maintaining 1 cow for (c) 24 days (d) 25 days
1 1 6400 Hence 2 goats and 3 sheep graze a field
12 × 10 = = 60 days = ` = ` 800
H2 = = 15 h 10 × 12 120 of 6 L/min. 8 in same days when 4 goats or 6 sheep _ (b) A and B do the work in 12 days.
8 1
1 1 S2 : If both the taps and the drain Expenditure on maintaining 1 cow for graze a field. ∴One day work of A and B =
One day work of 1 man = = 12
9. X and Y together can finish a 5 × 8 40 pipe are opened 800 i.e. 50 days
1 day = ` B alone do the work in 30 days.
job in 6 days. X can alone do ∴One day work of 6 women and 3 men
simultaneously, then the tank 60
18. A tap can fill a tub in 10 h. ∴ One day work of B =
1
the same job in 12 days. How 6 3 is filled in 5 h 45 min. Expenditure on maintaining 5 cows for
= + After opening the tap for 5 h it 30
long will Y alone take to do the S3 : Pipe R drains out (fully) the  800 
120 40 1 day = `  × 5 was found that a small outlet at ∴ One day work of A =
1
−
1
same job? 6 + 9 15 1 filled tank in 15 h 20 min.  60 
= = = the bottom of the tub was open 12 30
(a) 16 days (b) 12 days 120 120 8 To know what is the capacity Expenditure on maintaining 5 cows for n and water was leaking through it. 5−2 3 1
 800  = = =
(c) 10 days (d) 8 days ∴ Time taken by 6 women and 3 men to of the tank, which one of the days = `  × 5 × n It was then immediately closed. It 60 60 20
complete work = 8 days following is correct?  60  ∴ A can do the work alone in 20 days.
_ (b) X can do the job in 12 days took 7 h to fill the tub after
Work and Time 33 34 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

_ (d) m persons paint a house in d days. _ (a) Given, pipe A can fill the tank in 3 h. So A can finish the work = 20 days
2016 (II) 2016 (II) 2015 (II) ∴ 1 person paints a house in ( m × d )
∴Part of tank filled by pipe A in 1 h =
1 and B can finish the work
days and m + 2 persons paint a house 3 = 3 × 20 = 60 days
21. A can do 50% more work than 23. Outside a meeting room, 25. A and B are two taps which can  md  and due to leakage pipe A fills the tank in 1
Madhukar was told by a person fill a tank individually in 10 min in   days. Now, A’s 1 day’s work =
B in the same time. B alone can m + 2 3.5 h 20
do a piece of work in 30 h. B that each meeting takes place and 20 min, respectively. However, ∴ Due to leakage part of tank filled by 1
Alternate method B’s 1 day’s work =
starts working and had already after 13/4 h. The last meeting there is a leakage at the bottom, 1 60
Here, M1 = m, D1 = d , pipe A in 1h =
worked for 12 h when A joins has been over just 45 min ago which can empty a filled tank in 3.5 ( A + B)’s 1 day’s work
him. How many hours should B and the next meeting will take 40 min. If the tank is empty M 2 = ( m + 2 ), D2 = ? 1 1 3+ 1 4 1
Now, difference between time due to = + = = =
and A work together to place at 2 pm. At what time did initially, then how much time M1D1 = M 2D2 1 1 7 −6 1 20 60 60 60 15
leakage = − = =
complete the remaining work? Madhukar receive this information? will both the taps take to fill the md 3 3.5 21 21 Hence, ( A + B) will complete the work
md = ( m + 2 )D2 =
tank with leakage? m+ 2 1
(a) 6 h (b) 12 h (a) 10 : 20 am (b) 11 : 30 am So, if the tank is full, then leakage take together = = 15 days
(c) 4.8 h (d) 7.2 h (a) 2 min (b) 4 min 8 21 h to empty the tank. 1
(c) 11 : 40 am (d) 11 : 50 am In 8 h = units of work completed
(c) 5 min (d) 8 min 16 15
_ (d) We have, A can do 50% more work _ (b) Time between one meeting and 1 30. A, B and C can do a piece of
than B in same hour.
another =
13  1
h =  3 +  h = 3 h 15 min
_ (d) We have, tap A fill the tank in 10 min. = units of work completed work individually in 8, 12 and 32. If 10 persons can dig 8 ft trench
1 2
B alone can do a piece of work in 30 h. 4  4 ∴ Tap A fill the tank in 1 min = part 15 days, respectively. A and B in 12 days, then how many days
1 10
In 1 h, B can do work = piece of work and next meeting scheduled = 2 pm start working together but A will 8 persons take to dig 6 ft
30 So, last meeting held at = 2 pm − 3h15 min Similarly, B fill the tank in 1 min =
1
20
part 2015 (I) quits after working for 2 days. trench?
and in 1 h, A can do work = 10 h 45 min = 10 : 45 am After this, C joins and works till
1 150 Due to the leakage tank emptied in 40 min (a) 10 days (b) 10.25 days
= × Madhukar receive information about 28. The efficiency of P is twice that completion of the work. In how (c) 11 days (d) 11.25 days
30 100 meeting after 45 min last meeting held. ∴ In one minute empty tank emptied by
of Q, whereas the efficiency of P many days, will the work be
=
1
piece of work So, Madhukar receive information at
1
part. and Q together is three times _ (d) Let 8 persons will take x days.
40 completed? Here, M1 = 10, D1 = 12 , W1 = 8
20 10 : 45 am + 45 min = 11 : 30 am. that of R. If P, Q and R work
∴ A alone can do a piece of work in 20 h. So in one minute both the taps fill the tank (a) 3
8
days
8
(b) 5 days M 2 = 8, D2 = x , W 2 = 6
24. Two pipes A and B can fill a  1 1 1 together on a job, then in what 9 9
∴ In 1 h A and B can do work with leakage  + −  part of tank M1D1 M 2D2 10 × 12 8 × x
tank in 60 min and 75 min,  10 20 40  ratio should they share their 2 1 ∴ = , =
 1 1 (c) 5 days (d) 6 days W1 W2 8 6
= +  piece of work respectively. There is also an earnings? 3 18
 30 20  1 1
outlet C. If A, B and C are i.e. part of tank. (a) 2 : 1 : 1 (b) 4 : 2 : 1 _ (b) Work done by A in one day = . 8 × 8 × x = 10 × 6 × 12
1 8 8
= piece of work opened together, then the tank (c) 4 : 3 : 2 (d) 4 : 2 : 3 10 × 6 × 12
12 Hence, total time taken to fill the tank is 1 ∴ x = = 11.25
is full in 50 min. How much work done by B in one day = 8× 8
∴ A and B both can do piece of work in time will be taken by C to 8 min. _ (a) Let P can finish the work = x days 12
Q can finish the work = 2 x days 1 Hence, eight persons will take 11.25 days.
12 h, but B has already worked for 12 h. empty the full tank? and work done by C in one day =
12 26. If 4 men working 4 h per day 1 15
∴B has finished part of work. (a) 100 min (b) 110 min ∴ Q’s one day work =
30
for 4 days complete 4 units of 2x Let the work will be completed in x days.

Now, remaining work = 1 −

12 18
=
(c) 120 min (d) 125 min work, then how many units of
and P’s one day work =
1 Then,
2
+
x
+
x −2
=1 2014 (I)
30 30 _ (a) Since, two pipes A and B fill a tank in work will be completed by x 8 12 15
18 60 min and 75 min, respectively. 2 men working for 2h per day in Now, ( P + Q )’s one day’s work 1 x x −2 33. 15 men complete a work in
For completing the work by A and B ⇒ + + =1
30 ∴ Part of tank filled by pipe A in 2 days? 1 1 3 4 12 15 16 days. If 24 men are employed,
= + = 15 + 5x + 4 ( x − 2 )
 18  1 min =
1 1 1 ⇒ =1 then the time required complete
combining are  × 12  h = 7 .2 h (a) 2 (b) 1 (c) (d)
x 2x 2x
 30  60 2 8 ∴ ( P + Q ) will complete the whole work in 60 that work will be
and part of tank filled by pipe B in 2x ⇒ 15 + 5x + 4x − 8 = 60
22. A tank can be filled by pipe X 1 _ (c) 4 men working 4 h per day for 4 days days. (a) 7 days (b) 8 days
1 min = 3 ⇒ 9x + 7 = 60 (c) 10 days (d) 12 days
in 2 h and pipe Y in 6 h. At complete 4 units of work i.e. 4 units of
75
work completed in ( 4 × 4 × 4) h. According to the question, ⇒ 9x = 53
10 am, pipe X was opened. At Now, part of tank filled by A and B 2x 53 8 _ (c) Let the work done be 1.
what time will the tank be filled 1 1 5+ 4 4 units of work completed in 64 h. R will complete this work = ×3 ∴ x = =5
together in 1 min = + = 3 9 9 According to the formula,
if pipe Y is opened at 11 am? 60 75 300 ∴1 unit of work is completed 8
64 = 2 x days Hence, work will completed in 5 days. M1 D 1 W 2 = M 2 D2 W1
9 3 = h = 16 h 9
(a) 12:45 pm (b) 5:00 pm = = ∴ R’ s one day’s work =
1 Here, M1 = 15, D1 = 16, W1 = W 2 = 1
300 100 4
(c) 11:45 am (d) 11:50 am 2x 31. A is thrice as efficient as B and
and part of tank emptied by pipe C in Now, 2 men working for 2 h per day in M 2 = 24 and D2 = ?
_ (c) Part of tank filled by X in 1 h = 1 / 2 2 days. ∴Required ratio = :
1 1 1
:
hence completes a work in
1
1 min = x 2x 2x 40 days less than the number of ⇒ 15 × 16 × 1 = 24 × D2 × 1
Part of tank filled by Y in 1h = 1 / 6 C i.e. (2 × 2 × 2 ) = 8 h 1 1 days taken by B. What will be 15 × 16
∴ Part of tank filled by ( X + Y ) in So, net part of tank filled by pipes A, B 8 = 1: : = 2 : 1: 1 ∴ D2 = = 10
In 8 h = units of work completed 2 2 the number of days taken by
1h = 1 / 2 + 1 / 6 = 2 / 3 and C together in 1 min =
3
−
1 16 24
During 10 am -11am, only pipe X was 100 C 1
both of them when working Therefore, 10 days are required to
= units of work completed
opened ⇒
1
=
3 1
− ⇒
1
=
3
−
1 2 2014 (II) together?
(a) 22.5 days (b) 15 days
complete the work.
∴Part of tank filled by pipe X = 1 / 2 50 100 C C 100 50
3 2 1 27. If m persons can paint a house (c) 20 days (d) 18 days 34. A can do a piece of work in
∴Remaining part to be filled = − = 29. Pipe A can fill a tank in 3 h but 4 days and B can complete the
= 1 − 1/ 2 = 1/ 2 100 100 100 in d days, then how many days there is a leakage also, due to _ (b) Let A can finish the work = x days same work in 12 days. What is
Time taken by ( X + Y ) to filled 1/2 part of ⇒
1
=
1 will it take for (m + 2) persons to which it takes 3.5 h for the tank B can finish the work = 3x days
3 1 3 C 100 paint the same house? [Q A is thrice as efficient as B]
the number of days required to
tank = × = h = 45 min to be filled. How much time will do the same work together?
2 2 4 ∴ C = 100 (a) md + 2 (b) md − 2 the leakage take in emptying the According to the question,
Hence, the tank will be fill 11: 45 am. Hence, the time taken by pipe C to empty m+2 md tank, if the tank is filled initially? 3x − x = 40 (a) 2 days (b) 3 days
(c) (d) (c) 4 days (d) 5 days
the tank is 100 min. md m+2 2 x = 40 ⇒ x = 20
(a) 21 h (b) 20 h (c) 18 h (d) 10.5 h
Work and Time 35 36 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

1 90 3 1 1 1
_ (b) A’s one day’s work = , ∴ = _ (d) Part of field grazed by 4 goats in Work left = 1 − = _ (d) A’s and B’s 1 h’s work = 51. A, B and C can do a piece of
4 x 2 1 2 2 10 work individually in 8, 10 and
1 1 day =
B’s one day’s work = [where, x = wages of a woman] 50 Now, let the boy can finish the work in x h. B’s and C’s 1 h’s work =
1
15 days, respectively. A and B
12 90 × 2 1 1 x + 12
∴ x= = ` 60 Part of field grazed by 1 goat in 1 day Then, their 1 h’s work = + = 15
start working but A quits after
One day’s work of A and B together 3 1 1 12 x 12 x 1
= = x +12 and A’s and C’s 1 h’s work = working for 2 days. After this, C
1 1 3+1 4 1 50 × 4 200 ∴ ×5=
1 12
= + = = = joins B till the completion of
4 12 12 12 3 37. 18 men can earn ` 360 in 5 days. Now, 4 g = 6 s 12 x 2 ∴ A’s, B’s and C’s 1 h’s work
How much money will 15 men 5x + 60 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 work. In how many days will
Days required by A and B together to do [here, g = goats, s = sheep] ⇒ = ⇒ 10x +120 = 12 x 1
earn in 9 days? 12 x 2 =  + + = × = the work be completed?
the work
⇒
4
1s = g = g
2 2  10 15 12  2 4 8
1 ⇒ 120 = 2 x ∴ x = 60 h (a) 53/9 days (b) 34/7 days
= (a) ` 600 (b) ` 540 (c) ` 480 (d) ` 360 6 3 1 1
Hence, B’s work in 1 h = − =
1
One day’s work of A and B together 2 (c) 85/13 days (d) 53/10 days
_ (b) M1 D1 W 2 = M 2 D2 W1 Now, 2 g + 9 s = 2 g + 9 × g 44. If 3 men and 4 boys can do a 8 12 24
= 3 days 3 So, B independently can complete the
Here, M1 = 18, D1 = 5, W1 = 360 = 2 g + 6g = 8g
piece of work in 8 days, then _ (d) Let the work will be completed in
35. X can do a work in 16 days. In M 2 = 15, D2 = 9, W 2 = x 6 men and 8 boys can do the work in 24 h. = x days
∴ 8 goats can graze the field
how many days will the work be ⇒ 18 × 5 × x = 15 × 9 × 360 1 same work in 48. There are two taps A and B to According to the question,
= = 25 days
completed by Y , if the efficiency 15 × 9 × 360 8 fill up a water tank. The tank 2 x x −2
∴ x = = ` 540 (a) 2 days (b) 4 days + + =1
of Y is 60% more than that of X? 18 × 5 200 (c) 6 days (d) 16 days can be filled in 40 min, if both 8 10 15
taps are on. The same tank can 3x + 2( x − 2 ) 1
(a) 10 days (b) 12 days 41. Pipe A can fill a tank in 10 min _ (b) 3 men + 4 boys = 8 days, 6 men + 5 = 1−
(c) 25 days (d) 30 days 38. 20 workers working for 5 h per boys= ? be filled in 60 min, if tap A alone 30 4
day complete a work in 10 days. and pipe B can empty it in
Here, M1 D1 = M 2 D2 is on. How much time will tap B 3x + 2 x − 4 3
_ (a) Efficiency is proportional to days 15 min. If both the pipes are =
If 25 workers are employed to alone take, to fill up the same tank? 30 4
opened in an empty tank, then ⇒ (3 M + 4B ) × 8 = (6 M + 8 B) × D2
X Y work 10 h per day, then what is (a) 64 min (b) 80 min 45 45 + 8 53
( +60%) the time taken to make it full is ⇒ (3M + 4 B) × 8 = 2 (3M + 4B) × D2 (c) 96 min (d) 120 min 5x = +4= ⇒ x =
100  
→160 the time required to complete 2 2 10
(3M + 4B) × 8
the work? (a) 20 min (b) 25 min ∴ D2 = _ (d) Work done by tap A and B together in
⇒ 100 × 16 = 160 × D (c) 30 min (d) None of these 2 × (3M + 4B) 1 1
Hence, the work will be completed in
100 × 16 (a) 4 days (b) 5 days 1 min = work done by A in 1 min = 53
∴ D= = 10 days A in 1 min =
1 = 4 days 40 60 days.
160
(c) 6 days (d) 8 days _ (c) Part filled by pipe 10
10 Work done by tap B in 1 min
Alternate Method _ (a) M1 D 1 T1 = M2 D2 T2 and part empty by pipe B in 1 min =
1 45. X can do a piece of work in 1 1 3−2 1
1 25 day. Y is 25% more efficient = − = = 52. 76 ladies complete a job in
X’s 1 day’s work = Here, M1 = 20, D1 = 10, 15 40 60 120 120 33 days. Due to some reason
16 T1 = 5 h, M 2 = 25, ∴ Total tank filled in 1 minute than X. The number of day So, total time taken by the tap B to fill the
1 1 60 1 1 3−2 1 taken by Y is some ladies did not join the
Y’s 1 day’s work = + × D2 = ?, T2 = 10 h = − = = tank is 120 min. work and therefore it was
16 16 100 10 15 30 30 (a) 15 days (b) 20 days
1 160 1 ⇒ 20 × 10 × 5 = 25 × D2 × 10 completed in 44 days. The
= × = Hence, the tank will be filled in 30 min. (c) 21 days (d) 30 days 49. A stock of food is enough for 240
20 × 10 × 5 men for 48 days. How long will number of ladies who did not
16 100 10 ∴ D2 = = 4 days
Hence, Y will complete the work 25 × 10 42. X can complete a job in 12 days. _ (b) X Y
the same stock last for 160 men? report for the work is
( +25%)
1 100   → 125
= = 10 days 39. A can finish a work in 15 days, B If X and Y work together, they Efficiency is proportional to days (a) 54 days (b) 60 days (a) 17 (b) 18 (c) 19 (d) 20
1 2
can complete the job in 6 days. (c) 64 days (d) 72 days
10 in 20 days and C in 25 days. All
3
⇒ 100 × 25 = 125 × Days _ (c) Given, number of ladies, M1 = 76
these three worked together and Y alone can complete the job in 100 × 25 _ (d) Here, M1 = 240, D1 = 48
∴ Days of Y = = 20 days The number of days to complete the
36. 2 men and 1 woman can complete earned ` 4700. The share of C is 125 M 2 = 160, D2 = ? work, D1 = 33
(a) 10 days (b) 12 days
a piece of work in 14 days, while (a) ` 1200 (b) ` 1500 (c) ` 1800 (d) ` 2000 By using formula, M1D1 = M 2D2 Let number of ladies who did not report
4 women and 2 men can do the
(c) 15 days (d) 18 days 46. 45 people take 18 day to dig a
1 240 × 48 = 160 × D2 for the work = x
_ (a) A’s one day’s work = 1 pond. If the pond would have to
same work in 8 days. If a man 15 _ (c) X’s one day’s work = D2 =
240 × 48
= 72 days By given condition, M 2 = 76 − x
gets ` 90 per day, then what should 12 be dug in 15 days, then the
B’s one day’s work =
1 3 160 and D2 = 44
be the wages per day of a woman? ( X + Y )’s one day’s work = number of people to be
20 20 employed will be Q M1D1 = M 2D2
1 50. A can do a piece of work in ‘x ’
(a) ` 48 (b) ` 60 (c) ` 72 (d) ` 135 and C’s one day’s work = ∴ Y’s one day’s work ∴ 76 × 33 = (76 − x ) × 44
25 3 1 4 1
(a) 50 (b) 54 (c) 60 (d) 72 day and B can do the same
1
_ (b) Q 2 m + 1w = One day’s work of A, B and C worked = − = = work 3x days. To finish the work 76 × 3
14 20 12 60 15 _ (b) Given that, M1 = 45, D1 = 18 ⇒ 76 − x = = 19 × 3
1 1 1 together they take 12 days. 4
⇒ 14 (2 m + 1 w ) = 1 together = + + ∴ Number of days taken by Y to
...(i) 15 20 25 M 2 = x , D2 = 15
What is the value of ‘x’? ∴ x = 76 − 57 = 19
and 4w+2 m=
1 20 + 15 + 12 47 complete the work = 15 days By using the formula,
= = (a) 8 (b) 10 (c) 12 (d) 16
8 300 300 M1D1 = M 2D2 53. How many men will be required
⇒ 8 ( 4 w + 2 m) = 1 ...(ii)
43. A mason can build a tank in MD 45 × 18 1
Days taken to complete work by A, B and 12 h. After working for 6 h, he ∴ M2 = 1 1 ⇒ x = _ (d) 1 day’s work of A = , to plough 100 acre of land in 10
On equating Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 300 D2 15 x
C working together = took the help of a boy and 1
days, if 10 men require 8 days
14 (2 m + 1 w ) = 8 ( 4 w + 2 m) 47 = 3 × 18 = 54 1 day’s work of B = to plough 20 acre of land?
⇒ 28 m + 14 w = 32 w + 16 m 1 300 finished the work in another 5h. 3x
∴ Share of C = × × 4700 The time that the boy will take (a) 30 (b) 40 (c) 50 (d) 60
⇒ 28 m − 16 m = 32 w − 14 w 25 47 47. A and B can do a piece of work ∴ 1 day’s work of both A and B
⇒ 12 m = 18 w = ` 1200 alone to complete the work is in 10 h. B and C can do it in 1
= +
1
=
4 _ (b) Here, M1 = 10, D1 = 8, W1 = 20
m 18 3 (a) 30 h (b) 45 h 15 h, while A and C take 12 h x 3x 3x and M 2 = x (let), D2 = 10, W 2 = 100
⇒ = = 40. 4 goats or 6 sheep can graze a (c) 60 h (d) 64 h and given one day’s work of both A and B
w 12 2 to complete the work. B M1D1 M 2D2
field in 50 days. 2 goat and 9 1 1 =
Since, efficiency of 1 man and 1 woman _ (c) Mason work for 1 h = independently can complete the = Q
W1 W2
sheep can graze the field in 12 12
is 3 : 2. work in
(a) 100 days (b) 75 days 6 1 4 1 10 × 8 x × 10
So, their wages must be in the same ratio. Mason work for 6 h = = (a) 12 h (b) 16 h (c) 20 h (d) 24 h ⇒ = ⇒ 3x = 48 ∴ x = 16 ∴ = ⇒ x = 8 × 5 = 40
(c) 50 days (d) 25 days 12 2 3x 12 20 100
 38 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

Number of boys playing badminton 10. The annual income of a person

2018 (II) = 50 ×
60
= 30 decreases by ` 64 if the annual
100

7 7. In an examination, 50% of the

candidates failed in English,
40% failed in Hindi and 15%
failed in both the subjects. The
percentage of candidates who
passed in both English and
Number of boys playing both games
= 30 − 25 = 5
Number of boys playing only table
tennis = 50 − 30 = 20
Number of children playing only table
tennis = 85 ×
40
= 34
rate of interest decreases from
4% to 3.75%. What is his
original annual income?
(a) ` 24000
(c) ` 25600
(b) ` 25000
(d) ` 24600

_ (c) Decrement in rate of interest

Hindi is 100 = (4 − 3.75)% = 0.25%
Number of children playing both games Let the original annual income be `x
(a) 20% (b) 25%

PERCENTAGE
= 12 According to the question,
(c) 60% (d) 75% Number of girls playing both games
0.25% of x = 64  x × = 64
25
_ (b) Given, = 12 − 5 = 7  10000 
50% candidates failed in English Number of girls playing only table tennis 64 × 10000
40% candidates failed in Hindi = 34 − 20 = 14 ∴ x =
25
and 15% candidates failed in both Number of girls playing table tennis ∴Original annual income = ` 25600
2. What is the number of people 5. x, y and z are three numbers = 14 + 7 = 21
2019 (I) who read only one newspaper? such that x is 30% of z and y is
English Hindi
Number of girls playing only badminton

1. In a hostel the rent per room is (a) 20000 (b) 25000 (c) 30000 (d) 35000 40% of z. If x is p% of y, then
= 35 − 21 = 14 2017 (II)
increased by 20%. If number of _ (a) Percentage of people who read only what is the value of p? 35% 15% 25% Badminton Table Tennis
rooms in the hostel is also one newspaper. (a) 45 (b) 55 11. A fruit seller has a certain
increased by 20% and the = I + II + III − 2 [I and II + II and III (c) 65 (d) 75 number of mangoes of which
Boys= 25 Boys= 20
+ I and III] + 3 [I, II and III] 5% are rotten. He sells 75% of
hostel is always full, then what _ (d) x , y and z are three numbers, Girls = 14 Girls = 14
= 10 + 30 + 5 − 2 [8 + 4 + 2 ] + 3(1) ∴Total percentage of candidates who the remainder and he is left with
is the percentage change in the 30 3z
= 45 − 28 + 3 = 20% x = × z ⇒ x = … (i) failed either in one or two subjects 95 mangoes.
total collection at the cash 100 10
Population of town = 100000 = ( 35 + 15 + 25)% = 75% How many mangoes did he have
counter? 40 4z Boys= 5
Number of people who read only one y= × z ⇒ y= … (ii) ∴Percentage of candidates who passed Girls = 7 originally?
(a) 30% (b) 40% (c) 44% (d) 48% 20 100 10 in both subjects = (100 − 75)% = 25%
newspaper = 100000 × = 20000 p (a) 500 (b) 450 (c) 400 (d) 350
_ (c) In a hostel the rent per room is 100 x = × y ∴Number of girls playing only
increased by 20%.
Option (a) is correct. 100 8. Out of 85 children playing badminton = 14 _ (c) Let the fruit seller has x mangoes
The number of rooms in the hostel is
3z badminton or table tennis or ∴Good mangoes = x − 5% of x = 95% of
3. What is the number of people x × 100 10 both, the total number of girls 95
also increased by 20%. who read atleast two P= = × 100 x = x
Then, the percentage change in the total
newspapers?
y 4z
10
in the group is 70% of the total 2018 (I) 100
collection at the cash counter number of boys in the group. According to the question,
a×b (a) 12000 (b) 13000 (c) 14000 (d) 15000 [from Eqs. (i) and (ii)] The number of boys playing 9. If the price of wheat rises by 95x 95x
=a+ b+ 75% of + 95 =
100 _ (a) Percentage of people who read 3 × 100 only badminton is 50% of the 25%, then by how much percent 100 100
∴ a = b = 20% = = 75%
atleast two newspapers. 4 number of boys and the total must a man reduce his 75 × 95x 95x
20 × 20 ⇒ + 95 =
= 20 + 20 + = 44% = I and II + II and III + I and III − 2 [I, II and III] Option (d) is correct. number of boys playing consumption in order to keep 10000 100
100 = 8 + 4 + 2 − 2(1) = 14 − 2 = 12% badminton is 60% of the total his budget the same as before? ⇒
75x
+ 1=
x
Option (c) is correct. Number of people who read atleast two 6. In an examination, 52% 10000 100
number of boys. The number of (a) 15% (b) 20%
newspapers = 100000 ×
12
= 12000
candidates failed in English and ⇒
3x
+ 1=
x
Directions (Q. Nos. 2-4) children playing only table (c) 25% (d) 30%
100 42% failed in Mathematics. If 400 100
Read the given information carefully and Option (a) is correct. tennis is 40% of the total _ (b) Let the price of 1kg of wheat be `100 x 3x
17% failed in both the subjects, ⇒ − =1
answer the given questions below. number of children and a total and the family consumes 1 kg per month
4. What is the number of people then what per cent passed in 100 400
number of 12 children play Increased price of wheat per kg ⇒ x = 400
In a certain town of population size who do not read any of these both the subjects? 125
badminton and table tennis = × 100 = `125 ∴Total number of mangoes = 400
100000 three types of newspapers (I, II three newspapers? (a) 77 (b) 58
both. The number of girls 100
and III) are available. The percentages (a) 62000 (b) 64000 (c) 66000 (d) 68000 (c) 48 (d) 23
Reduction in consumption so, as not to
12. A student has to secure 40% of
of the people in the town who read playing only badminton is
_ (d) increase the expenses marks to pass an examination.
these papers are as follows. _ (d) The percentage of people who read English Mathematics (a) 14 (b) 16 (c) 17 (d) 35 He gets only 45 marks and fails
newspaper = `(125 − 100)
I + II + III − [I and II + II and III + I _ (a) Total children = 85 = ` 25 by 5 marks. The maximum
Newspaper Proportion of readers
and III] + [I, II and III] Let number of boys be B
∴Required percentage =
25
× 100
marks are
I 10% 70
= 10 + 30 + 5 − [8 + 4 + 2 ] + 1 ∴Number of girls = B 125 (a) 120 (b) 125 (c) 130 (d) 150
35% 17% 25% 100
II 30% = 32% = 20%
Now, B +
70
B = 85 Alternate Method
_ (b) Let the maximum marks be x.
III 5% Percentage of people who do not read Then, 40% of x = 45 + 5
100 a
any of these three newspapers. Required percentage = × 100 40
Both I and II 8% ∴ B = 50 100 + a × x = 50
= 100% − 32% = 68% Total number of students fail 100
Both II and III 4% And number of girls = 85 − 50 = 35 Here, a = 25%
The number of people who do not read = 35 + 17 + 25 = 77% 50 × 100
Both I and III 2% any of these three newspapers Number of boys playing only badminton
=
25
× 100 = 20% ⇒ x =
Total number of students passed in both 50 40
68 = 50 × = 25 100 + 25
All the three 1% = 100000 × = 68000 the subjects = 100 − 77 = 23% 100 ∴ x = 125
(I, II and III) 100
Option (d) is correct.
Option (d) is correct.
Percentage 39 40 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

13. In an examination, 35% 15. What is the total number of Number of girls and boys in chemistry ⇒ a 2 − 2 ab + b 2 = 0 = x % of M + a and y% of M − b
students failed in Hindi, 45% boys studying Statistics and are 204  × 340 = 204
3 ⇒ ( a − b )2 = 0 Hence, x % of M + a = y% of M − b 2015 (II)
5  ⇒ a=b
students failed in English and Physics? xM yM
and 136 ( 340 − 204 = 136), respectively b ⇒ +a= −b 25. In an election, 10% of the
20% students failed in both the (a) 180 (b) 240 (c) 250 (d) 310 ∴Required percentage = × 100 100 100
a voters on the voter list did not
subjects. What is the percentage Mathematics  y x 
16. The number of girls studying =340 a ⇒ M −  = a+ b cast their vote and 60 voters
of students passing in both the = × 100  100 100 
Statistics is what percent 90 150 a cast their ballot papers blank.
subjects? girls boys 100( a + b )
(approximate) of the total = 100% ∴ M = There were only two candidates.
(a) 0 (b) 20 y− x
(c) 30 (d) 40 number of students studying 5 The winner was supported by
Statistics 21. th part of the population in a
Chemistry? =320 47% of total voters in the voter
_ (d) Diagram for failed 9
list and he got 308 votes more
Hindi English
(a) 58.8
(c) 78.7
(b) 73.5
(d) 80.6
250
girls
70
boys village are males. If 30% of the 2016 (I) than his rival. The number of
total =1200 males are married, the voters on the voter list is
17. In which subjects is the Physics percentage of unmarried females 23. The expenditure of a household
=300 (a) 3600 (b) 6200
15% 20% 25% different between the number of in the total population is for a certain month is ` 20000, (c) 6028 (d) 6400
boys and girls equal? 120 180
2 5 out of which ` 8000 is spent on
girls boys (a) 20 (b) 27 _ (b) Let the number of voters on the voter
(a) Mathematics and Chemistry 9 9 education, ` 5900 on food, list be x.
(b) Statistics and Chemistry Chemistry 7 2 ` 2800 on shopping and the rest Total cast vote = 90% of x − 60
Total failed students =340 (c) 27 (d) 29
(c) Mathematics and Physics 9 9 on personal care. What Winner was supported by 47% of total
= 15 + 20 + 25 = 60% 204 136
(d) Mathematics and Statistics percentage of expenditure is voter.
∴Percentage of passed students girls boys _ (c) Let the population of village = x
= 100 − 60 = 40% 5 spent on personal care? i.e. 47% of x
18. What is the difference between ∴ Males = x Hence, rival got vote
19. (c) Total number of boys studying 9 (a) 12% (b) 16.5%
14. When prices rise by 12%, if the the number of boys studying = ( 90% of x − 60) − 47% of x
statistics and Physics = 70 + 180 = 250 (c) 18% (d) 21.8%
∴Married man = 30% of  x 
expenditure is to be same, what Mathematics and the number of 5
= 43% of x − 60
is the percentage of girls studying Physics?
20. (b) Required percentage 9  _ (b) Given, total expenditure = ` 20000
250 It is given that difference between their
consumption to be reduced? = × 100 = 73.5% 30 5 x Now, expenditure spent on personal
(a) 20 (b) 30 = × x= votes is 308.
340 100 9 6 care = 20000 − [5900 + 8000 + 2800]
2 2 (c) 60 (d) 80 Then, 47% of x − 43% of x + 60 = 308
(a) 16 % (b) 10 % 21. (c) Difference between the number of x = ` 3300
3 7
19. What is the ratio of the total ∴Married female = Married Males = ⇒ 4% of x = 308 − 60
3 5 boys and girls in Mathematics 6 Total percentage of expenditure 4
(c) 16 % (d) 10 % number of boys of the total = 150 − 90 = 60. 5x 4 3300 ⇒ x = 248
5 7 Now, total females = x − = x = × 100% 100
number of girls? Difference between the number of and 9 9 20000 248 × 100
_ (d) We have price rise by 12% girls in physics = 180 − 120 = 60 4 x 5 ∴ x = = 6200
(a) 67 : 83 ∴Unmarried females = x − = x = 16 . 5 % 4
∴ a = 12% (b) 17 : 26 ∴Differnece in Mathematics and Physics 9 6 18
The percentage of consumption to be is equal. 24. The salary of a person is 26. 20% of a number when added
(c) 27 : 19  5x  × 100
reduced 22. (b) Required difference = 150 − 120 = 30   increased by 10% of his original
(d) 189 : 179  18  to 20 becomes the number
=
a
× 100 ∴ Required percentage =
23. (a) Total number of boys x salary. But he received the same itself, then the number is
100 + a _ Solutions (Q. Nos. 19-23) amount even after increment.
Total number of students = 1200 = 150 + 70 + 180 + 136 500 (a) 20 (b) 25
12 = %
= × 100 Number of students studying Mathematics = 536 18 What is the percentage of his (c) 50 (d) 80
100 + 12 and total number of girls 250 7 salary he did not receive?
1200 75 5 =
20
× 1200 = 240 = % = 27 % _ (b) Let number be x.
= = = 10 % 100 = 1200 − 536 9 9 (a) 11% (b) 10% 20
112 7 7 Then, 20 + x =x
Number of students studying statistics = 664 100 90 100
536 67 (c) % (d) %
Directions (Q. Nos. 15-19) In a = 320 ∴Required ratio = = 11 11
⇒ 
x 1 −
20 
 = 20
University there are 1200 students Number of students studying physics 664 83 2016 (II) _ (c) Let the original salary be x.
 100 
1
studying four different subjects, = × 1200 = 300 Then, increased salary ⇒ x×
80
= 20
4 22. A candidate scoring x% marks
Mathematics, Statistics, Physics and
Number of students studying chemistry 2017 (I) in an examination and fails by a = 
110 
x = `
 100 
11x
∴
100
x = 25
Chemistry. 20% of the total number 10
= 1200 − (240 + 320 + 300) marks, while another candidate
of students are studying Mathematics,
= 340 20. If a % of a + b% of b = 2% of ab, Q He received the same salary even 27. A’s salary was increased by 40%
one-fourth of the total number of who scores y% marks gets b after increment.
and then decreased by 20%. On
Number of girls and boys in then what per cent of a is b ?
students are studying Physics, 320 Mathematics are 90 (240 − 150 = 90)
marks more than the minimum Amount of salary he did not receive
the whole, A’s salary is increased
(a) 50% 11x x
students are studying Statistics and and 70, respectively. required pass marks. = − x =` by
(b) 75% 10 10
remaining students are studying Number of girls and boys in statistics (c) 100% What is the maximum marks for ∴ Amount of salary in percentage (a) 60% (b) 40%
Chemistry. Three-fifth of the total are 250 and 70 ( 320 − 250 = 50), (d) Cannot be determined the examination? (c) 20% (d) 12%
 x
number of students studying respectively  
_ (c) We have, 100( a + b ) 100( a − b )  10  _ (d) Let A’s salary be ` x.
Number of girls and boys in Physics are (a) (b) = × 100%
Chemistry are girls, 150 boys are a% of a + b % of b = 2% of ab x− y x+ y  11x  We have,
120  300 × = 120  
40
studying Mathematics. 60% of a b 2 100( a + b ) 100( a − b )  10 
x  1 +
  ⇒ ×a+ ×b= × ab 40   20  14 8
100 (c) (d)  1 −  =x ×
students studying Physics are boys. and 180 ( 300 − 120), respectively
100 100 100 y−x x− y x  100   100  10 10
= × 100%
250 girls are studying Statistics. ⇒ a 2 + b 2 = 2 ab 11x 112 x
=
_ (c) Let the maximum marks be M. =
100
% 100
∴Passing marks 11
Percentage 41

112 x 12 x ⇒ m−n=0

8
Increase in A’s salary = −x Then, new income = x × 120% = `
100 10 ∴ m=n
x
=
12 x and saved income ( s 2 ) = ` Since, both are equal, so 100% of m is n.
100 10
Q Percentage increase in A’s salary ∴ New expenditure

 12 x 
= New income − Saved income 2014 (I)
  12 x x 11x
=  100  × 100 % = − =`
 x  10 10 10 30. On a 20% discount sale, an
  ∴ Required percentage article costs ` 596.
= 12% New expenditure  What was the original price of
Alternate Method
Here, x = 40, y = −20
∴Percentage increase in A’s salary
=  − Initial expenditure 
Initial expenditure
11x 9x
−
× 100%
the article?
(a) ` 720 (b) ` 735 (c) ` 745 (d) ` 775

_ (c) Let the original price be ` x. Since, at

SIMPLE AND
COMPOUND INTEREST
xy discount of 20% article costs ` 596.
= x + y+ = 10 10 × 100%
100 9x 80
Then, 596 = ×x
40 × 20 10 100
= 40 − 20 − 200 2
100 = % = 22 % 596 × 100
= 20 − 8 = 12% 9 9 ⇒ x = = 745
80
∴ Original price = ` 745

2015 (I) 2014 (II)  r 

T

31. A water pipe is cut into two 2019 (II) CI 2 = P   1 +
 
 − 1
100 
2019 (I)
29. If m % of m + n % of n = 2% of pieces. The longer piece is 70% 
28. A person could save 10% of his of the length of the pipe. By 1. The rate of interest on two  20 
2
 3. What is the least number of
income. But 2 yr later, when his (m × n), then what percentage of = 100x   1 +  − 1 complete years in which a sum
income increased by 20%, he m is n? how much percentage is the different schemes is the same   100  
longer piece longer than the and it is 20%. But in one of the of money put out at 40%
could save the same amount only (a) 50%  6  2  annual compound interest will
(b) 75% shorter piece? schemes, the interest is = 100x    − 1
as before. By how much percentage
(c) 100% 400 compounded half yearly and in   5   be more than tripled?
has his expenditure increased? (a) 140 % (b) % the other the interest is (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
36 − 25 
= 100 x 
(d) Cannot be determined 3
2 1 2 2 compounded annually. Equal  25 
(a) 22 % (b) 23 % (c) 24 % (d) 25 % (c) 40 % (d) None of these _ (b) Let P = 100, R = 40%
9 3 9 9 _ (c)Q m% of m + n% of n = 2% of ( m × n) amounts are invested in the
m n 2 _ (b) Let the length of the pipe = 100 m CI 2 = 44x T = ? [the least number of complete years
_ (a) Let the original income be ` x ⇒ ×m+ ×n= × ( mn) Length of longer piece = 70 m schemes. If the difference of the in which amount will be more than tripled]
100 100 100 According to the question,
∴ Saved income ( s1 ) = x × 10% = `
x
Length of shorter piece = 30 m returns after 2 yr is ` 482, then P = 100
10 m2 n2 2 mn Cl1 − Cl 2 = 482 A > 300
9x ⇒ + = ∴ Required percentage what is the principal amount in
46.41x − 44x = 482
x
Initial expenditure = x − =` 100 100 100
each scheme?  R 
n
10 10 ⇒ m2 + n2 = 2 mn 70 − 30 300 < P  1 + 
= × 100 % 2.41x = 482  100 
2 yr later, when his income increased by 30 (a) ` 10000 (b) ` 16000
⇒ m2 + n2 − 2 mn = 0 (c) ` 20000 (d) ` 24000 x =
482
 40 
n
20%. 40 400 300 < 100  1 +
= × 100 % = % 2.41 
⇒ ( m − n) = 0
2
 100 
30 3 _ (c) Let the principal be 100x. ⇒ x = 200
In 1st scheme P = 100x , 3 < (7 / 5)n
20 ∴ Principal = 100 × 200 Let n = 3, 3 < (1.4)3
Rate (R) = % = 10%,
2 = ` 20000 3 < 2 .744 [it is not true]
Time (T ) = 4 half yearly. 2. A lent ` 25000 to B and at the Let n = 4, 3 < (1.4)4
  r 
T
 3 < 3.8416 [it is true]
CI1 =  P  1 +  − P
same time lent some amount to
Hence, the least number of complete
  100   C at same 7% simple interest. years in which amount will be more than
 r 
T
 After 4 yr A received ` 11200 as tripled is 4 yr.
= P 1 +  − 1  interest from B and C. How
  100   much did A lend to C? 4. A person divided a sum of
 10 
4
 (a) ` 20000 (b) ` 25000 ` 17200 into three parts and
= 100 x   1 +  − 1
  100   (c) ` 15000 (d) ` 10000 invested at 5%, 6% and 9% per
annum simple interest. At the
  11  4  _ (c) Let A lent x amount to C.
= 100 x    − 1 end of two years, he got the
According to the question,
  10   same interest on each part of
14641 − 10000  25000 × 7 × 4 x × 7 × 4 money. What is the money
= 100 x  ⇒ + = 11200
 
10000 100 100 invested at 9%?
4641 QSI = P × R × T  (a) ` 3200 (b) ` 4000
= 100x ×
10000  100  (c) ` 4800 (d) ` 5000
⇒ CI1 = 46.41 x 7000 +
28x
= 11200 _ (b) A person divided a sum of ` 17200
In 2nd scheme 100
into three parts.
P = 100x , R = 20%, T = 2 yr 28x = 420000
R1 = 5%, R 2 = 6%, R 3 = 9%, Time = 2yr
∴ x = 15000
Simple and Compound Interest 43 44 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

2
Let the money invested at 5%, 6% and Alternate Method 8. A merchant commences with a  1
9% be x 1, x 2 and x 3 respectively. Let principal be ` P, R = 5% certain capital and gains 2017 (I) ⇒ 10 = P  
 25  2015 (I)
We got the same interest P× 5×1 P
CI for first year = = annually at the rate of 25%. At ⇒ P = 10 (25)2
x1 × 5 × 2 x 2 × 6 × 2 100 20 10. A sum of ` 8400 was taken as a 14. The difference between
= the end of 3 yr he has `10000. ∴ P = ` 6250
100 100 [Q CI for first year is equal loan. This is to be paid in two compound interest and simple
What is the original amount
x3 × 9 × 2 Q SI = P × R × T  to the SI for first year] equal instalments. If the rate of interest at the same rate of
= that the merchant invested?
 100 
100 Amount after first year = P +
P
20
=
21P
20 (a) ` 5120 (b) ` 5210
interest is 10% per annum,
compounded annually, then the
2016 (I) interest R% per annum on an
amount of ` 15000 for 2 yr is
10 12 18 (c) ` 5350 (d) ` 5500
x1 × = x2 × = x3 × CI for second year value of each instalment is ` 96. What is the value of R?
100 100 100 21P 5 × 1 21P 12. If a sum of money at a certain
= × = _ (a) Let the original amount be ` x. (a) ` 4200 rate of simple interest per year (a) 8%
Ratio of sum 20 100 20 × 20 Annual gain = 25 %, (b) ` 4480 (b) 10%
x1 ×
10
= x2 ×
12 21P Time period = 3 yr
doubles in 5 yr and at a
210 = (c) ` 4840 (c) 12%
100 100 400 different rate of simple interest
x1 6 And final amount = `10000 (d) None of the above (d) Cannot be determined
= P = ` 4000 per year becomes three times in
n
_ (c) We have, _ (a) Given, principal (P) = ` 15000 ,
Amount = P 1 +
x2 5 R  12 yr, then the difference in the
⇒ x1 : x 2 = 6 : 5 6. Two equal amounts were  100  loan amount = ` 8400 two rates of simple interest per Time (n) = 2 yr and rate = R% per
12 18 borrowed at 5% and 4% simple 3 3 and rate of interest = 10% year is annum
x2 × = x3 × 10000 = x 1 +
25 
= x
125 
∴ Simple interest (SI)
interest. The total interest after
 100   100 
100 100 Let the instalment money be ` x. 1 1
x2 3 4 yr amounts to ` 405. What (a) 2% (b) 3% (c) 3 % (d) 4 % Principal × Time × Rate
= We know that, 3 3 =
was the total amount borrowed? 125 125 125 100
x3 2 ∴ 10,000 = x × × ×  Rate 
Time

⇒ x 2 : x 3 = 3 :2
100 100 100 Amount = Principal  1 +

 _ (c) Let principal = ` P, then amount of =
15000 × 2 × R
= 300 R
(a) ` 1075 (b) ` 1100 100  money = `2 P, T = 5 yr
...(i)
(c) ` 1125 (d) ` 1150 100
x1 : x 2 : x 3 4 4 4 n
∴ x = 10000 × × ×  10  ∴ SI = 2 P − P = ` P Now, compound interest (CI)
= 6 × 3 : 5 × 3 : 2 × 5 = 18 : 15 : 10 5 5 5 ⇒ x = p1 + 
_ (*) Let the amount borrowed be ` P each  100  P×r×5  R 
n

∴The money invested at Now, P= = Principal   1 +
for both the rates. ∴Original amount x = `5120 n 100  − 1
9% = x 3 =
17200 × 10 Q Simple interest ⇒
 11 
x = p    100  
 10  ⇒ r = 20%
(18 + 15 + 10) Principal × Rate × Time  2

= Amount of money after 12 yr = ` 3P R 
= 15000   1 +  − 1
=
172000
= ` 4000 100
∴According to the question,
2017 (II) ⇒
 10 
p = `x  
n
∴ SI = 3P − P = 2 P   100  
...(ii)
43  11  P × R × 12
Now, 2P = According to the question,
P× 5× 4 P× 4× 4 9. The difference between the Now, put n = 1, 100
+ = 405 CI − SI = 96
100 100 compound interest  10  50
2018 (II) ⇒ 20P + 16P = 40500 (compounded annually) and
First year instalment = x  
 11 
…(i) ⇒ R =
3
% 
⇒ 15000   1 +
R 
2

 − 1 − 300R = 96
∴ P=
40500
= 1125 simple interest on a sum of and again put n = 2, ∴ Difference between two interest rates   100  
5. What is the principal amount 36 money deposited for 2 yr at 5% 2
 50 
 10  =  20 −   100 + R  2 
which earns ` 210 as compound ∴ Amount borrowed = ` 1125 Second year instalment = x   …(ii) % ⇒ 15000  
per annum is ` 15. What is the  11   3  − 1 − 300R = 96
interest for the second year at ∴Total amount borrowed = 2 × 1125 sum of money deposited? 10 1   100  
Q Loan amount = ` 8400 = %= 3 %
5% per annum? = ` 2250
(a) ` 6000 (b) ` 4800 ∴ First year instalment + Second year 3 3  (100 + R )2 − (100 )2 
(a) ` 2000 (b) ` 3200 ⇒ 15000   − 300 R = 96
(c) ` 3600 (d) ` 2400 instalment = 8400  (100 )2 
(c) ` 4000 (d) ` 4800 2

_ (c) Let principal be ` P

2018 (I) _ (a) Let the sum of money deposited by
` P. Then, according to given condition
⇒
 10   10 
x   + x   = 8400
 11   11  2015 (II) ⇒
15000
[(100 + R + 100)
Time
10000
 Rate  CI − SI = 15  10   10 
Q Amount = Principal  1 +  7. A person borrowed ` 5,000 at ⇒ x   1 +  = 8400 13. A sum of ` 10000 is deposited (100 + R − 100)] − 300R = 96
 100    5 
2
 P × 5 × 2  11   11 
5% rate of interest per annum ∴ P1 +  − P −  = 15 for 1 yr at the rate of interest ⇒ 1. 5 [(200 + R ) R ] − 300 R = 96

∴Amount after one year and immediately lent it at   100    100  ⇒ x×
10 21
× = 8400
1
11 11 10% compounded half yearly. ⇒ 1. 5 (200R + R 2 ) − 300 R = 96
 5  21P 5.5%. After two years he   21  2 
= P1 +  = 1 ∴ x = ` 4840 What will be the interest at the ⇒ 300 R + 1. 5 R 2 − 300 R = 96
 100  20 collected the amount and ⇒ P  − 1 −  = 15
21P P   20  10  end of one year?
96 960
CI after one year = −P= settled his loan. What is the 11. The difference between the ⇒ R2 = = = 64
(a) ` 1000 (b) ` 1025
P − 1 = 15
441 1
20 20 amount gained by him in this ⇒ − simple and the compound 1. 5 15
 400 10 
(c) ` 1050 (d) ` 1100
Similarly, amount after two years transaction? interest on a certain sum of ⇒ R =8
 5 
2
⇒ P
1 
= 15
_ (b) Given, P = ` 10000, r = 10% and
= P1 +  =
441
P (a) ` 25 (b) ` 50  400  money at 4% per annum for n = 1 yr, since interest compounded half
Hence, the value of R is 8%.
 100  400 (c) ` 100 (d) ` 200 2 yr is ` 10. What is the sum? 10 Alternate Method
∴ P = 6000 yearly, then r = = 5%
and CI after two years =
441P
−P _ (b) Principal = ` 5000 Thus, the sum of money deposited is (a) ` 5000 (b) ` 6000 2 Given, Principal, P = ` 15000,
400 and time period = 2 yr ` 6000 (c) ` 6250 (d) ` 7500 n = 2 half year Rate, R = ?, Difference, D = ` 96
41P  5 
2
= Q Simple interest Alternate Method _ (c) We have, ∴ A = 10000 1 +
For 2 yr difference,

400 Principal × Rate × Time Here, D = 15, R = 5% R = 4% and T = 2 yr  100  PR 2
According to the question, = D=
100 Difference between CI and SI for 2 yr, Now, difference between compound   r  
n
(100)2
41P
−
P
= 210 ∴ Required profit 2 2 interest and simple interest of 2 yr Q A = P  1 +  
 R   5    100   15000 × R 2
400 20 5000 × 5.5 × 2 5000 × 5 × 2 D = P  ⇒ 15 = P   2
⇒ 96 =
= −  100   100   R 
41P − 20P = P  21 21 100 × 100
⇒ = 210 100 100 P × 25  100  = 10000 × ×
⇒ 15 = 20 20 ⇒ R = 64
2
400 5000 × 2 Where P is sum. = ` 11025
= ( 5.5 − 5) = 100 × 0.5 10000 2 ∴ R = 8%
∴ 21P = 210 × 400 100 15 × 10000  4  ∴ Interest = A − P
P= = ` 6000 ∴ 10 = P  
or Principal = ` 4000 = ` 50 25  100  = 11025 − 10000 = ` 1025
Simple and Compound Interest 45

15. An automobile financer claims 17. In how much time would the Now, difference between CI and SI = 10
to be lending money at simple simple interest on a principal 21 X
⇒ X − = 10
interest, but he includes the
interest every six months for
calculating the principal. If he is
charging an interest at the rate
of 10%, the effective rate of
interest become
amount be 0.125 times the
principal amount at 10% per
annum?
(a) 1
1
4
1
yr

(c) 2 yr
4
(b) 1
3
4
3
yr

(d) 2 yr
4
∴
⇒
100

100

Alternate Method
5
21 X − 20 X
= 10

X = 10 × 100
= ` 1000

Here, D = 10, P = X , R = 10%

9
(a) 10.25% (b) 10.5%
Difference between CI and SI for 2 yr
(c) 10.75% (d) 11% _ (a) Let the principal be ` P and the time 2
 R 

PROFIT AND LOSS

be T yr. D = P
_ (a) Let the principal be ` 100. 
 100 
Given, rate = 10% and time = 6 months Rate = 10%
100 × 10 × 6 P× R ×T 2
∴ SI = =`5 Q Simple interest =  10 
100 10 = X  
100 × 12  100 
According to the question,
Now, after six months new principal
0.125 × Principal = Simple interest X = 10 × 100
= ` 100 + ` 5 = ` 105 X = ` 1000
105 × 10 × 6 P × 10 × T Total cost price = CP1 + CP2
∴ 0.125 P = Alternate Method
SI =
100 × 12
= ` 5.25 100 19. A sum of money becomes 2019 (II) When two article sell at same selling = 900 + 1100
10PT 3 times in 5 yr at simple
Q Total amount = ` 105 + ` 5.25 ⇒ 0125
. P= price,one at a profit of a% another at a = 2000
= ` 110.25
100 interest. In how many years, will 1. A trader sells two computers at loss of a%, then there is always a loss of 2000 − 1980
125 P 10PT the same sum become 6 times at the same price, making a profit
2 ∴ Required loss % = × 100
∴ Required rate = 110 .25 − 100 ⇒ =  a  %. 2000
 
= 10 .25% 1000 100 the same rate of simple interest? of 30% on one and a loss of  10  = 1% loss
⇒
125
=T (a) 10 yr (b) 12 yr 30% on the other. What is the Here, a = 30% Alternate Method
16. There is 60% increase in an 100 (c) 12.5 yr (d) 10.5 yr net loss or profit percentage on
amount in 6 yr at simple
Required loss percentage Here, a = 10%
5 1 the transaction?
∴ T = = 1 yr _ (c) Let principal amount P be ` x .
2 2
∴ Required loss percentage
=   =   = 9%
interest. What will be the a 30
4 4 (a) 6% loss (b) 6% gain
Then, amount, A = 3x, T = 5 yr  10   10  2 2
=   =   = 1%
compound interest on ` 12000 1 a 10
Hence, the required time is 1 yr. (c) 9% loss (d) 9% gain
after 3 yr at the same rate of 4 ∴ SI = 3x − x = 2 x  10   10 
interest? Let rate of interest be R. _ (c) Let the selling price of each computers 2. A person sells two items each at
PRT be 100x. Rs. 990, one at a profit of 10%
(a) ` 2160 (b) ` 3120 Then, SI =
(c) ` 3972 (d) ` 6240 2014 (II) 100 Cost price of computer 1 and another at a loss of 10%. 2019 (I)
x ×R ×5  100  What is the combined
⇒ 2x = = selling price ×  
_ (c) Let the principal be `x. 18. The difference between compound 100  100 + profit %  percentage of profit or loss for 3. If an article is sold at a gain of
60x
Then, SI = ` interest and simple interest for ⇒ 2 x × 100 = 5Rx the two items? 6% instead of a loss of 6%, the
100 1000 x
100 = 100x × =
Principal × Rate × Time 2 yr at the rate of 10% over 2 x × 100 130 13 (a) 1% loss seller gets ` 6 more. What is the
Q SI = ⇒ R = (b) 1% profit
100 principal amount of ` X is ` 10. 5x Cost price of computer 2 cost price of the article?
(c) No profit no loss
60x x × Rate × 6 What is the value of X? ∴ R = 40% (a) ` 18 (b) ` 36
= selling price ×  
⇒ = [Q time = 6 yr] 100
 (d) 0.5% profit
100 100 (a) ` 100 (b) ` 1000 Now, required amount = 6x  100 − loss %  (c) ` 42 (d) ` 50
∴ Rate = 10% (c) ` 500 (d) ` 5000 SI = 6x − x = 5x _ (a) Let CP of 1st and 2nd items are 100x
Then,
= 100x ×
100 1000x
= and 100 y respectively. _ (d) Let cost price of an article = ` x
Again, principal = ` 12000, time = 3 yr _ (b) Given, principal amount ( P ) = ` X 100 × SI
∴ Required time = 70 7 According to the question, If an article sold at a gain of 6%, then
 Rate 
Time
Rate ( R ) = 10% and time (T ) = 2 yr[given] P×R
Amount = Principal  1 + Total cost price of computers 1 and 2 selling price of an article
 100 × 5x
SP1 of 1st item
 100  ∴ Simple interest, 100 + gain% 
=
x × 40
= 12.5 yr
=
1000x
+
1000x
= CP × 
100 + profit % 
 = Cost price ×  
 10 
3 PRT X × 10 × 2 X    100 
= 12000  1 +  SI = = = 13 7 100
 100  100 100 5 Alternative Method 20000x 106
= = 100x ×
110
= 110x = ×x
3 and compound interest, CI = A − P T1 = 5, T2 = ?, N = 3, N2 = 6 100
 11  91 100
= 12000    R 
T
T1 N −1 106x
 10  = P 1 +  −P ∴ = 1 Total selling price of both computers SP2 of 2nd item =`
11 × 11 × 11  100  T2 N2 − 1 100 − Loss%  100
= 100x + 100x = 200x
= 12000 × = CP ×  
1000  10 
2
 5 3−1 2  100  If an article sold at a loss of 6%, then
= P 1 +  − 1 = = Net loss = Total CP − Total SP selling price = Cost price
T2 6 − 1 5
= 12 × 121 × 11= ` 15972   100   20000x = 100 y ×
90
= 90 y 100 − Loss% 
= − 200x × 
∴ CI = Amount − Principal 25 100 
  11  2  T2 = = 12.5 yr 91  
= X    − 1 = X 
21  100
= 15972 − 12000 2 20000 x − 18200x Selling price of both items is 990
  10    100  =
=
94
×x=`
94x
= ` 3972 91 ∴ 110x = 990
100 100
=
1800
x ⇒ x =9 106x 94x
91 90 y = 990 Then, − =6
100 100
1800 ⇒ y = 11
x ⇒ 12 x = 600
Net loss% = 91 × 100 = 9% CP1 of 1st item = 100 × 9 = 900 ∴ x = ` 50
20000x
CP 2 of 2nd item = 100 × 11 = 1100
91
Profit and Loss 47 48 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

_ (c) Let the length of cloth = 100 cm _ (b) Let CP of 1 L of milk be ` x.x _ (c) Let the marked price of an article = ` x
2018 (II) 2017 (II) 2017 (I) Then, the length of cloth purchased ∴ SP of 1 L of milk = xx × 120% Selling price = Marked price
= 110 cm = ` 1.2 x 100 − Discount% 
4. A milk vendor bought 28 L of 6. Sudhir purchased a chair with 8. Rajendra bought a mobile with ×  
milk at the rate of ` 8.50 /L. three consecutive discounts of 25% discount on the selling
[Q Merchant uses a scale which is 10 cm Now, as in ` 1.2 x,x the quantity of milk  100 
longer than a normal metre scale] sold = 1 L 100 − 20 
After adding some water he sold 20%, 12.5% and 5%. price. If the mobile cost him Let the price of cloth = ` 1 per cm 24 = x ×  
the mixture at the same price. If ` 4875, what is the original ∴ In ` x,x quantity of milk sold  100 
The actual deduction will be Cost price of cloth = 1 × 100 = ` 100
his gain is 12.5%, how much selling price of the mobile? 1
(a) 33.5% (b) 30% = ×x x =
2400
= ` 30
[Q Merchant uses a scale which is 10 cm 1.2 x
water did he add? (c) 32% (d) 35% (a) ` 6300 (b) ` 6400 shorter than a normal scale] 80
(a) 4.5 L (b) 4 L (c) 3.5 L (d) 3 L (c) ` 6500 (d) ` 6600 5 Now, selling price after 30% discount
_ (a) We have given three consecutive Selling price of cloth = ` 1 per cm = L
6 100 − 30  30 × 70
_ (c) Cost price of 28L of milk = 8.50 × 28 discount 20%, 12.5% and 5%. _ (c) Let the original selling price of mobile is Selling price of cloth = 1 ×
1100 = 30 ×   =
= ` 238 The actual deduction is ` x. 9 According to the question, CP of milk  100  100
and SP of mixture are same, therefore in
Let the quantity of added water = x L  r  According to question, = ` 21
= 1 −  1 − 1   1 − 2   1 − 3  
r r 1100
=` 5
mixture, quantity of milk must be L.
∴Selling price of whole mixture 25
  100   100   100   x− x = 4875 9 6
= ( x + 28) × 8.50 100 Required gain % 15. A shopkeeper sells his articles at
×100% Hence, the required percentage
x Selling price − Cost price their cost price but uses a faulty
Cost price = Selling price ×   ⇒ x − = 4875
100
 = × 100 5
= 1 −  1 −
20   12.5  = × 100% balance which reads 1000 g for
 100 + gain%    1 −  4 Cost price
 100   100  3x 6
800 g. What is his actual profit
⇒ = 4875 1100
238 = ( x + 28) × 8.50 ×  
100 − 100 250
  5  4 = % percentage?
 100 + 12.5  1 −   × 100% = 9 × 100 3
 100   4875 × 4
850 ⇒ x = = 6500 100 (a) 25% (b) 20%
238 = ( x + 28) × 3 1100 − 900 200 2 (c) 40% (d) 30%
112.5 = = = 22 %
238 × 112.5 = ( x + 28) × 850 = 1 − 
80   87.5   95  
  100   100   100  
× 100%
∴Original selling price of mobile is ` 6500. 9 9 9 2014 (II) _ (a) Actual profit percentage
26775 = 850x + 23800  Fair weight − Unfair weight 100 %
= × 
850x = 26775 − 23800
850x = 2975
= 1 −

665000
1000000 
 × 100% 2016 (II) 2015 (II)
13. A person selling an article for  Unfair weight 
` 96 finds that his loss per cent 1000 − 800
x = 3.5 L =  × 100 %
is one-fourth of the amount of  
= 1 −
665  9. A shopkeeper increases the cost 800
∴Quantity of water be added in milk = × 100%
 1000  11. The value of a single discount rupees that he paid for the
price of an item by 20% and =  × 100 %
200
3.5L on some amount which is
335 offers a discount of 10% on this article. What can be the cost  800 
= × 100% equivalent to a series of
1000 marked price. What is his gain price? = 25%
discounts of 10%, 20% and 40%
2018 (I) = 33.5% percentage?
on the same amount, is equal to
(a) Only ` 160 (b) Only ` 240
16. A man buys 200 oranges for
(a) 15% (b) 12% (c) Either ` 160 or ` 240
7. Ram buys 4 chairs and 9 stools (c) 10% (d) 8% (a) 43.2% (b) 50% ` 1000. How many oranges for
5. An article is sold at a profit of (d) Neither ` 160 nor ` 240
for ` 1340. If he sells chairs at (c) 56.8% (d) 70% ` 100 can be sold, so that his
32%. If the cost price is _ (d) Let the cost price of an item = ` 100 _ (c) Let the cost price of an article be ` x profit percentage is 25%?
increased by 20% and the sale 10% profit and stools at 20% _ (c) Let the amount be x and single
Cost price of an item after increased and selling price of an article = ` 96
price remains the same, then the profit, he earns a total profit of 20% = ` 120
discount of same amount be r%.
[given] (a) 10 (b) 14
Then, x  1 −
` 188. How much money did he 10   20   40  (c) 16 (d) 20
profit percentage becomes Selling price after 10% discount on ` 120  1 −  1 −  According to the question,
have to pay for the chairs?  100   100   100 
(a) 10% (b) 12% 120 × 10 x − 96 1 _ (c) Cost price of 200 oranges
= 120 − × 100 = x
= x  1 − 
(a) ` 200 (b) ` 400 r
(c) 15% (d) 20% 100  x 4 = ` 1000
(c) ` 800 (d) ` 1600  100 
_ (a) Let the cost price of article be `x. = `(120 − 12 ) = ` 108 Q Loss% = CP − SP × 100 ∴ Cost price of 1 orange
SP − CP 90 80 60 r  
Profit percentage = 32% _ (c) Let the cost price of one chair ∴Percentage gain = × 100 ⇒ × × = 1− CP 1000
be ` x. CP 100 100 100 100 = = `5
∴Selling price = Cost price ⇒ 400x − 96 × 400 = x 2
200
And the cost price of one stool 108 − 100 ∴ r = 56.8%
100 + profit%  = × 100 = 8% ⇒ x 2 − 400x + 38400 = 0
×   be ` y 100 Selling price of 1 orange
 100  Then, according to given conditions, ⇒ x − 160x − 240x + 38400 = 0
2
100 + profit% 
2015 (I) = Cost price ×  
132 132 x 4x + 9 y = 1340 ...(i) ⇒ x ( x − 160) − 240 ( x − 160) = 0  100 
=
100
×x=`
100 Also, 4(10% of x ) + 9(20% of y) = 188 2016 (I) ⇒ ( x − 160) ( x − 240) = 0 100 + 25 
= 5 
125
12. A milkman claims to sell milk at =5×
120 `120 4 18 ∴ x = 160 or 240  100  100
New cost price = ×x= x ⇒ x + y = 188 10. A cloth merchant buys cloth its cost price only but he is
100 100 10 10 Hence, the cost price of an article is
from a weaver and cheats him by making a profit of 20%, since he = ` 6.25
⇒ 4x + 18 y = 1880 either ` 160 or ` 240.
New profit = Selling price − Cost price ...(ii) has mixed some amount of
using a scale which is 10 cm Now, in ` 6.25, number of oranges can
On subtracting Eq. (i) from Eq. (ii), we get water in the milk. What is the 14. When an article is sold at 20% be sold = 1
= ` 
132 120  longer than a normal metre scale.
x − x
 100 100  9 y = 540 He claims to sell cloth at the cost percentage of milk in the discount, the selling price is In ` 100, number of oranges can be sold
⇒ y = 60 price to his customers, but while mixture? ` 24. What will be the selling 100
12 = = 16
=` x 250 price when the discount is 30%?
100 On substituting y = 60 in Eq. (i), we get selling uses a scale which is 10 (a) 80% (b) % 625
.
cm shorter than a normal metre 3 (a) ` 25 (b) ` 23
Required profit percentage 4x = 1340 − 540 200
Hence, 16 oranges can be sold in ` 100
12 x scale. What is his gain? (c) 75% (d) % (c) ` 21 (d) ` 20 for profit 25%.
4x = 800 3
Profit (a) 20% (b) 21%
= × 100 = 100 × 100 = 10% Thus, Ram have to pay ` 800 for the
Cost price 120x 2 1
chairs. (c) 22 % (d) 23 %
100 9 3
 50 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

6. The ratio of the sum and ∴ A : B : C : D : E = 3:6:8:12:16 Let the quantity of pure copper mixed in
difference of the ages of the ∴ B : E = 6 : 16 = 3 : 8 alloy C be x kg.
According to the question,

10 father and the son is 11 : 3.

Consider the following
statements
1. The ratio of their ages is 8 : 5.
2. The ratio of their ages after the
son attains twice the present
8. In the following table of inverse
variation, what are the values of
A, B and C respectively?

M
N
15
−4
−6
A
2
B
C
60
⇒

∴
8 + 12 + x
12 + 16
20 + x
28
=

=
6
7
6
7
x = 24 − 20
= 4 kg
age will be 11 : 8.
Which of the statements given (a) 10, −30, −1 (b) 10, −1, 30 10. A, B, C, D and E start a

RATIO-PROPORTION above is/are correct?

(a)
(b)
(c)
1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
(c) −30, 10, −1

M ∝
(d) −1, −30, 10
_ (a) According to the question,
1
partnership firm. Capital
contributed by A is three times
that contributed by D. E

AND VARIATION
N contributes half of A’s
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
x contribution , B contributes one
∴ M =
_ (b) From statement 1 N third of E’s contribution and C
Ratio of ages of father and son = 8 : 5
or MN = x contributes two-third of A’s
Let father’s age = 8x
Now, if M = 15 and N = − 4 contribution. If the difference
and son’s age = 5x
New fare of bus = 4x ×
130
= 5.2 x Each daughter receives = ` 2 x Then, MN = 15( − 4) = − 60 = x between the combined shares of
2019 (II) 100 and each son receives = ` 6x
∴ According to the question, the ratio of
the sum and difference of the ages of Similarly, − 6 × A = − 60 A, D and E and the combined
∴ Required ratio =
3.6 x 36
= =
9 According to the question, shares of B and C in the total
1. The monthly incomes of A and father and son is 11 : 3. ∴ A = 10
. x 52 13
52 x + 4(2 x ) + 5( 6 x ) = 390000 8x + 5x 11 profit of the firm is ` 13500,
B are in the ratio 4 : 3. Each save ∴ = and 2 × B = − 60
39x = 390000 8x − 5x 3 what is the combined share of
` 600. If their expenditures are ∴ B = − 30 B, C and E? (the shares are
∴ x = 10000 ⇒
13x 11
=
in the ratio 3 : 2, then what is
the monthly income of A?
2019 (I) Option (c) is correct. 3x 3
and
∴
C × 60 = − 60
C = −1
supposed to be proportional to
11 13 11 the contributions)
But it is not equal to as ≠ Hence, A, B and C are 10,−30 and − 1,
(a) ` 1800 (b) ` 2000 3. If a : b = c : d = 1 : 6, then what is 3 3 3 (a) ` 13500 (b) ` 18000
(c) ` 2400 (d) ` 3600
the value of
a2 + c 2
=?
2018 (II) ∴Statement 1 is not true.
respectively. (c) ` 19750 (d) ` 20250
_ (c) Let monthly income of A and B be 4x b2 + d2 From statement 2 9. An alloy A contains two _ (b) Let the capital contributed by
and 3x. 5. Ten (10) years before, the ages Ratio of the age of father and son after elements, copper and tin in the A, B, C , D and E be ` A, ` B, ` C, ` D
1 1 1 1 and ` E.
According to the question, (a) (b) (c) (d) of a mother and her daughter the son attains twice the present age will ratio of 2 : 3, whereas an alloy B
600 60 36 6 be 11 : 8 According to the question,
A’ s expenditure 3 were in the ratio 3 : 1. In contains the same elements in
=
B’ s expenditure 2 _ (c) a : b = c : d = 1 : 6 another 10 yr from now, the Let father’s age be F and son’s age the ratio of 3 : 4. If 20 kg of A = 3D
[Q Expenditure = Income − Saving] a c 1 ratio of their ages will be 13 : 7. be S alloy A, 28 kg of alloy B and A
= = ⇒ D=
4x − 600 3 b d 6 What are their present ages? F + S 11 some more pure copper are 3
= ∴ =
3x − 600 2 Let a = x , c = x , b = 6x , d = 6x (a) 39 yr, 21 yr (b) 55 yr, 25 yr S+S 8 mixed to form a third alloy C E= A
1
Now, (c) 75 yr, 25 yr (d) 49 yr, 31 yr ⇒ 8F + 8S = 22S which now contains copper and 2
8x − 1200 = 9x − 1800 1
a2 + c 2 ( x )2 + ( x )2 x2 + x2 ⇒ 8F = 14S tin in the ratio of 6 : 7, then B= E
x = 600 = = _ (b) Let the age of mother 10 yr ago be 3
b 2 + d 2 ( 6x )2 + ( 6x )2 36x 2 + 36x 2 3x yr. F 7 what is the quantity of pure
A’s monthly income = 4 × 600 = ` 2400 or = 1 1 A
2x 2
1 ∴ Age of daughter 10 yr ago = x yr S 4 copper mixed in the alloy C? = × A=
= = 3 2 6
2. The train fare and bus fare 72 x 2 36 Present age of mother = ( 3x + 10) yr Let father’s age be 7 x and son’s age (a) 3 kg (b) 4 kg 2
be 4x (c) 5 kg (d) 7 kg and C = A
between two stations is in the Option (c) is correct. and present age of daughter 3
ratio 3 : 4. If the train fare ∴ According to the question,
4. A man who recently died left a = ( x + 10) yr _ (b) The ratio of copper and tin in alloy A : B:C : D = A : :
A 2A A A
: :
increases by 20% and bus fare 7 x + 4x 11x 11 A =2:3
sum of ` 390000 to be divided According to the question, = = 6 3 3 2
increases by 30%, then what is 3x + 10 + 10 13 7 x − 4x 3x 3 The quantity of copper in 20 kg of alloy ∴A : B : C : D : E = 6 : 1: 4 : 2 : 3
among his wife, five sons and =
the ratio between revised train x + 10 + 10 ∴ Statement 2 is correct. 2 Let A = 6x , B = x , C = 4x , D = 2 x and
four daughters. He directed that 7 A = 20 × = 8 kg
fare and revised bus fare? ⇒ 21x + 140 = 13x + 260 (2 + 3) E = 3x
each son should receive 3 times
9 17 ⇒ 8x = 120 ∴ ( A + D + E )′ share −( B + C )’ share
(a)
13
(b)
12
as much as each daughter
receives and that each daughter 120
2018 (I) The quantity of tin in 20 kg of alloy
A = 20 − 8 = 12 kg = 13500
32 19 or x = = 15 ( 6x + 2 x + 3x ) − ( x + 4x ) = 13500
(c) (d) should receive twice as much as The ratio of copper and tin in alloy
43 21
8 7. If A : B = 1 : 2, B : C = 3 : 4, 11x − 5x = 13500
their mother receives. What was ∴Present age of mother = 3x + 10 B = 3:4
_ (a) Let the fare of train and bus be 3x the wife’s share? C : D = 2 : 3 and D : E = 3 : 4, 6x = 13500
and 4x. = 3 × 15 + 10 The quantity of copper in 28 kg of alloy
then what is B : E equal to? 3 x = 2250
According to the question,
(a) ` 14000 (b) ` 12000 = 55 yr B = 28 × = 12 kg
(c) ` 10000 (d) ` 9000 (a) 3 : 2 (b) 1 : 8 (c) 3 : 8 (d) 4 : 1 ( 3 + 4) Now, combined share of B, C and E
120 And present age of daughter
New fare of train = 3x × = 3.6 x = x + 4x + 3x = 8x
100 _ (c) Let wife’s of man receives = ` x = x + 10 = 25 yr _ (c) A:B, B:C, C:D, D:E The quantity of tin 28 kg of alloy
1:2 , 3:4, 2:3, 3:4 B = 28 − 12 = 16 kg = 8 × 2250 = ` 18000
⇒ 3:6, 6:8, 8:12, 12:16
Ratio-Proportion and Variation 51 52 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

 27 B2 + 64B  ⇒ 5x 2 = 320 1 12 : 11 : 10 : 9 : 8 : 7 : 6 : 5 : 4 : 3 : 2 : 1 20. X and Y entered into

2017 (II) 27 2
B + 4B 
 16

 ⇒ x 2 = 64
_ (d) We have, of workers are women
3 Ratio of total money invested in duration partnership with ` 700 and
= 16 = 2 in an year
9  9B − 16B2  ⇒ x =8 and of workers are men. ` 600 respectively. After 3
11. There are 350 boys in the first B − 4B 2 3 = 1 × 12 : 2 × 11 : 3 × 10 : 4 × 9 : 5 × 8
4   ∴ Numbers are 8 and 40. months, X withdrew 2/7 of his
 4  1 1 1 1
three standards. The ratio of the ∴ Difference between their squares of the women are married = × = : 6×7 :7 × 6: 8× 5:
stock but after 3 months, he
number of boys in first and 27 B2 + 64B 27 B + 64 2 2 3 6 9 × 4 : 10 × 3 : 11 × 2 : 12 × 1
= = = ( 40)2 − ( 8)2 3 puts back 3/5 of what he had
second standards is 2 : 3, while 4( 9B − 16B2 ) 4( 9 − 16B) and of the men are married
= 1600 − 64 4 12 : 22 : 30 : 36 : 40 : 42 : 42 : 40 : 36 : withdrawn. The profit at the
that of boys in second and third But we don’t have the value of B 3 2 1
= × = 30 : 22 : 12
= 1536 end of the year is ` 726. How
standards is 4 : 5. What is the ∴The value of given expression cannot 4 3 2 Thus, F and G get the maximum profit at
much of this should X receive?
total number of boys in first and be determined. 16. 25 kg of alloy X is mixed with ∴Ratio of married women to married the end of year.
1 1 (a) ` 336 (b) ` 366
third standards? 125 kg of alloy Y . If the amount men are : ⇒ 1 : 3
13. The cost of a diamond varies 6 2 19. Incomes of Mahesh and Kamal (c) ` 633 (d) ` 663
(a) 302 (b) 280 of lead and tin in the alloy X is
directly as the square of its are in the ratio 1 : 2 and their _ (b) Investment by X : Investment by Y
(c) 242 (d) 230 the ratio 1 : 2 and the amount of 18. There are twelve friends
weight. A diamond broke into expenses are in the ratio 1 : 3. X invested for 3 months
_ (d) Let the number of boys in first and lead and tin in the alloy Y is in A, B, C, D, E, F , G, H, I , J, K and
four pieces with their weights in Which one of the following = 700 × 3 = ` 2100
second standards be 2 x and 3x. Then, the ratio 2 : 3, then what is the L who invested money in some
the ratio of 1 : 2 : 3 : 4. If the loss statements is correct? X withdrew amount = 700 ×
2
= ` 200
number of boys is third standard ratio of lead to tin in the business in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 3 :
in total value of the diamond (a) Mahesh saves more than what 7
5
= × number of boys in IInd standards mixture? 4 : 5 : 6 : 7 : 8 : 9 : 10 : 11 : 12
was ` 70000 what was the price Kamal saves X invested for next 3 months
4 (a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 3 and the duration for which they
5 15x of the original diamond? (b) Savings of both of them are equal = (700 − 200) × 3
= × 3x = (c) 3 : 5 (d) 7 : 11 invested the money is in the
4 4 (a) ` 100000 (b) ` 140000
(c) Kamal saves more than what = 500 × 3 = ` 1500
_ (d) Amount of lead in ratio of 12 : 11 : 10 : 9 : 8 : 7 : Mahesh saves X invested for next 6 months
 Number of boys in IInd standard 4  (c) ` 150000 (d) ` 175000
Q Number of boys in IIIrd standard = 5  X =
1
× 25 =
25
kg 6 : 5 : 4 : 3 : 2 : 1, respectively. (d) It is not possible to determine who
 3
  _ (a) Let the weights of the pieces of 1+ 2 saves more =  500 + 200 ×  × 6 = ( 500 + 120) × 6
3 Who will get the maximum  5
Since, total number of boys = 350 diamond are x , 2 x , 3x , 4x .
2 50 profit at the end of the year?
15x ∴ Total weight = 10x Amount of tin in X = × 25 = kg _ (d) Let the income of Mahesh and Kamal = 620 × 6 = ` 3720
∴ 2 x + 3x + = 350 1+ 2 3 (a) F only be ` x and ` 2 x, respectively.
4 ∴ Total cost = (10x )2 = 100x 2 …(i) 2 X invested for 1 year or 12 months
Amount of lead in Y = × 125 (b) G only Also, let the expenses of Mahesh and
⇒ 20x + 15x = 1400 Cost of each piece = x 2, 4x 2, 9x 2, 16x 2 2+3 Kamal be ` y and ` 3 y respectively. = 2100 + 1500 + 3720 = ` 7320
(c) Both F and G
⇒ 35x = 1400 ∴ Total cost of pieces = 30x 2 2 × 125 ∴Savings of Mahesh = ` ( x − y) Y invested for 1 year or 12 months
= = 50 kg (d) Neither F nor G
1400 ∴ Total loss = 100x 2 − 30x 2 = 70x 2 5 Savings of Kamal = ` (2 x − 3 y) = 600 × 12 = ` 7200
⇒ x = = 40
35 But total loss = 70000 3 _ (c) We have, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I J, K, = 7320 : 7200 = 61 : 60
Amount of tin in Y = × 125 As data is inadequate, therefore it is not
Thus, total number of boys in first and third ∴ 70x 2 = 70000 2+3 L invested in Q X’s profit : Y’s profit = 61 : 60
possible to determine who saves more.
15x 3 1 : 2 : 3 : 4 : 5 : 6 : 7 : 8 : 9 : 10 : 11 : 12 61
standard = 2 x + = 80 + 150 = 230 ⇒ x 2 = 1000 = × 125 = 75 kg ∴ Profit of X = ` × 726 = ` 366
4 5 Ratio of duration in an year, 121
∴Total cost of original diamond = 100x 2
= 100 × 1000 [Q x 2 = 1000] When X and Y are mixed, then
25 175
= `100000 Amount of lead = + 50 =
2017 (I) 3 3
kg

14. In a class of 49 students, the Amount of tin =

50
+ 75 =
275
kg
12. If A : B = 3 : 4, then what is the ratio of girls to boys is 4 : 3. If 4 3 3
value of the expression girls leave the class, the ratio of ∴Ratio of lead to tin in the mixture
 3 A2 + 4 B girls to boys would be =
175 275
:
  ? (a) 11 : 7 (b) 8 : 7 3 3
3 A − 4 B 
2
(c) 6 : 5 (d) 9 : 8 = 175 : 275 = 7 : 11
43 3
(a) _ (b) Number of boys = × 49 = 21
55 4+ 3
(b) −
43
Number of girls =
4
× 49 = 28
2016 (II)
55 4+ 3
47
(c) If 4 girls leave the class, then remaining 17. In an office, one-third of the
55
girls = 28 − 4 = 24 workers are women, half of the
(d) cannot be determined
∴Required ratio = 24 : 21 = 8 : 7 women are married and
_ (d) We have, A : B = 3 : 4 one-third of the married women
A 3 15. The ratio of two numbers is 1 : 5 have children. If three-fourth of
⇒ =
B 4 and their product is 320. What the men are married and
⇒ A= B
3 is the difference between the one-third of the married men
4 square of these two numbers? have children, then what is the
2
3  (a) 1024 (b) 1256 (c) 1536 (d) 1640 ratio of married women to
3  B + 4 B
3 A 2 + 4B 4  married men?
Now, = _ (c) Since the number are in the ratio 1 : 5.
3 A − 4B 2
3  ∴ Numbers are x and 5x. (a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 1
3  B − 4 B 2
4  (c) 3 : 1 (d) 1 : 3
Now, ( x )( 5x ) = 320
 54 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

13. The average height of 22 students

2018 (II) 2018 (I) of a class is 140 cm and the
average height of 28 students of

11 8. The sum of ages of a father, a

mother, a son Sonu and
daughters Savita and Sonia is
96 yr. Sonu is the youngest
member of the family. The year
Sonu was born, the sum of the
10. If the average of 9 consecutive
positive integers is 55, then
what is the largest integer?
(a) 57 (b) 58 (c) 59 (d) 60
_ (c) Let the consecutive integers be
another class is 152 cm. What is
the average height of students of
both the classes?
(a) 144.32 cm
(c) 146.72 cm
(b) 145.52 cm
(d) 147.92 cm

AVERAGE
x − 4, x − 3, x − 2, x − 1, x , x + 1, _ (c) Total height of class first = average
ages of all the members of the x + 2, x + 3, x + 4 height × number of students
family was 66 yr. If the father’s Their average = 55 [given] = 140 × 22 = 3080
age now is 6 times that of Sonu’s Sum of these consecutive integers = 9x Total height of class second
present age, then 12 yr. Hence, Q Average =
Sum of integers = 152 × 28 = 4256
day in a month of 30 days Ratio of girls and boys = 1 : 3 the father’s age will be Number of integers ∴ Required average
2019 (II) beginning with Saturday? The number of girls = 100 ×
1
(a) 44 yr (b) 45 yr ∴
9x
= 55 or x = 55 =
Total height of both classes
(1 + 3) (c) 46 yr (d) 48 yr 9 Total number of students
(a) 276 (b) 282 (c) 285 (d) 375 100 ∴ Largest integer = x + 4 = 55 + 4 = 59 3080 + 4256
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-4) Read the = = 25 _ (d) Sum of ages of father, mother, Sonu, =
following information and answer the given _ (c) Since, the months begin with 4 Savita and Sonia is 96 yr and when Sonu 11. The average of the ages of 50
Saturday, there will be five Sunday, Option (a) is correct. 7336
question in below was born the sum was 66 yr. 15 students in a class is 19 yr. = = 14672
. cm
Required average 50
The data shows that Indian roads are Total number of visitors 6. The average of 50 consecutive Q There are 5 members in the family. When 5 new students are
= admitted to the class, the average
turning deadlier over the years. Number of days natural numbers is x. What will ∴Present age of Sonu
510 × 5 + 240 × 25 96 − 66 age of the class becomes 18.5 yr.
Year 2014 2015 2016
40957 46070 52750 48746
2017 =
30
be the new average when the
next four natural numbers are
=
5
= 6 yr
What is the average age of the 5 2017 (I)
Number of bikers killed
8550 ∴ Present age of father newly admitted students?
Number of pedestrians 12330 13894 15746 20457 = = 285 also included?
killed 30 = 6 × 6 = 36 yr (a) 17 yr (b) 17.5 yr 14. Let a, b, c, d, e, f, g be
(a) x + 1 (b) x + 2
and father’s age after 12 yr (c) 18 yr (d) 18.5 yr consecutive even numbers and j,
Number of cyclists killed 4037 3125 2585 3559 (c) x + 4 (d) x + ( x / 54)

1. What was the average number

2019 (I) _ (b) The average of 50 consecutive
= 36 + 12 = 48 yr
_ (a) Average age of 15 students = 19 yr k, l, m, n be consecutive odd
numbers. What is the average of
natural numbers is x. 9. The average marks of section A ∴Sum of age of 15 students = average
of pedestrians killed per day in 5. In a class of 100 students, the age × number of students = 15 × 19 all the numbers ?
New average are 65 and that of section B are
the year 2017? average weight is 30 kg. If the Number of next terms = 285 yr 3( a + n) ( 5l + 7d )
= Old average + 70. If the average marks of both (a) (b)
(a) 51 (b) 53 (c) 54 (d) 56 average weight of the girls is 24 Similarly, sum of age of 20 students 2 4
2 the sections combined are 67, ( a + b + m + n)
_ (d) Since, 2017 is not a leap year, total kg and that of the boys is 32 kg, 4
=x + =x +2 then the ratio of number of = 18.5 × 20 = 370 yr (c) (d) None of these
number of days in 2017 = 365 days. ∴Sum of age of 5 new students 4
then what is the number of girls 2 students of section A to that of
20457 in the class? section B is = 370 − 285 = 85 yr _ (d) Let a = x (even)
∴ Required average = = 56.05 7. Consider two-digit numbers b = x + 2, c = x + 4, d = x + 6
365 (a) 25 (b) 26 (c) 27 (d) 28 (a) 3 : 2 (b) 1 : 3 ∴Average age of 5 newly admitted
≈ 56 pedestrians.
which remain the same when 85 e = x + 8, f = x + 10, g = x + 12
(c) 3 : 1 (d) 2 : 3
_ (a) Let the number of girls = x the digits interchange their students = = 17 yr a + b + c + d + e + f + g = 7 x + 42
5
2. What is the average number of The number of boys = 100 − x positions. What is the average _ (a) Let the number of students in section = 7( x + 6)
bikers killed daily in road Total weight of girls = average weight × A= x
of such two-digit numbers? = 7d
number of girls = 24 × x = 24x
accidents in the year 2017?
(a) 163 (b) 152 (c) 147 (d) 134 Total weight of boys = 32 × (100 − x )
(a) 33 (b) 44
Total marks of students in section
A = average marks × number of 2017 (II) And j = y (odd), k = y + 2,
(c) 55 (d) 66 students l = y + 4, m = y + 6, n = y + 8
Total weight of students
_ (d) Since, 2017 is not a leap year, total = 30 × 100 = 3000 _ (c) Two-digit numbers which remain the = 65 × x = 65x 12. A small company pays each of j + k + l + m + n = 5 y + 20
number of days in 2017 = 365 days same when the digits interchange their its 5 category ‘C’ workers
∴ 24x + 32(100 − x ) = 3000 and the number of students in = 5 ( y + 4) = 5l
∴ Required average =
48746
= 133.55 24x + 3200 − 32 x = 3000
positions. section B = y ` 20,000, each of its 3 category
‘B’ workers ` 25,000 and a 7d + 5l
365 8x = 200 11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, 99 Total marks of students in section ∴ Average of all the numbers =
≈ 134 bikers. x = 25 Sum of numbers B = 70 × x = 70x category ‘A’ worker ` 65,000. 12
Average = ∴Total number of students = x + y The number of workers earning
3. What is the average number of Hence, the number of girls in the class Number of terms 15. An individual purchases three
cyclists killed daily in road is 25. Total marks of both sections combined less than the mean salary is qualities of pencils. The relevant
Alternate method 11 + 22 + 33 + 44 + 55 + 66 = 67( x + y)
accidents in 2017? (a) 8 (b) 5 (c) 4 (d) 3 data is given below
A class of 100 students. =  + 77 + 88 + 99  ∴ 65x + 70 y = 67 ( x + y) Sum of earnings
(a) 10 (b) 12 (c) 19 (d) 21
The average weight of the class = 30 kg. 9 ⇒ 2x = 3y _ (a) Mean salary = Quality
Price per Money spent
Number of workers pencil (in `) INR (in `)
_ (a) Since, 2017 is not a leap year, total The average weight of the girls = 24 kg. 495 ⇒ x : y :: 3 : 2
number of days in 2017 = 365 days = = 55 5 × 20000 + 3 × 25000 + 1 × 65000 A 1.00 50
The average weight of the boys = 32 kg. 9 Alternate method =
3559 5+ 3+ 1 B 1.50 x
∴ Required average = = 975
. By Alligation Alternative method By alligation
365 C 2.00 20
section A section B 100000 + 75000 + 65000
≈ 10 cyclists. Girls Boys First term + Last term =
24 32 Average = 65 70 9 It is known, the average price
4. A library has an average number 2
11 + 99 2,40,000 per pencil is ` 1.25. What is the
of 510 visitors on Sunday and 30 = = 55 67 = = 26,667 [approx]
2 9 value of x?
240 on other days. What is the 2 6 3 2
Option (c) is correct. Clearly, the number of workers earning (a) ` 10 (b) ` 30 (c) ` 40 (d) ` 60
average number of visitors per 2 :6=1:3 ∴ Required ratio = 3 : 2 . less than the mean salary is 5 + 3 = 8
Average 55 56 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

_ (b) Number of pencils of quality Similarly, average score of class Y and Z ( m + n)( m2 + n2 − mn) 23. The average age of male
A=
50
= 50
is
= mn
m+ n 2014 (II) 2014 (I) employees is 52 yr and that of
76n2 + 85n3
1 = 81 = mn( m + n − mn)
2 2
female employees is 42 yr. The
Number of pencils of quality n2 + n3 21. The price of a commodity 22. If the average of A and B is 30,
percentage of male and female
x 2 ⇒ 5n2 = 4n3 …(ii) 19. The average weight of students increased by 5% from 2010 to the average of C and D is 20,
B= = x employees are respectively.
1.5 3 From Eqs. (i) and (ii) in a class is 43 kg. Four new 2011, 8% from 2011 to 2012 then which of the following
(a) 80% and 20%
Number of pencils of quality n1 : n2 : n3 = 3 : 4 : 5 students are admitted to the and 77% from 2012 to 2013. is/are correct?
(b) 20% and 80%
20 class whose weights are 42 kg, What is the average price I. The average of B and C must be
C = = 10 Let n1 = 3k, n2 = 4k, n3 = 5k (c) 50% and 50%
2 36.5 kg, 39 kg and 42.5 kg, increase (approximate) from greater than 25. (d) 52% and 48%
∴ Total number of pencils ∴Average score of X, Y, Z respectively. 2010 to 2013? II. The average of A and D must
2 83n1 + 76n2 + 85n3 be less than 25. _ (a) Let the number of male employees be
= 50 + x + 10 = Now, the average weight of the (a) 26% (b) 32% (c) 24% (d) 30% x and female employees be y.
3 n1 + n2 + n3 students of the class is 42.5 kg. Select the correct answer using the Now, total age of male employees
= 60 + x
2 _ (d) Let the price of commodity in 2010 codes given below = average age × number of employees
83 × 3k + 76 × 4k + 85 × 5k The number of students in the = ` 100
3 = (a) Only I
3k + 4k + 5k beginning was The price of commodity in 2011 = 52 x
Total money spent = 50 + x + 20 (b) Only II
978k 5 Total age of female employees = 42 y
= 70 + x = = 81.5 (a) 10 (b) 15 = 100 + 100 × (c) Either I or II
12 k (c) 20 (d) 25 100 Now, mean age of all employees
Now, average price (d) Neither I nor II
= 100 + 5 = ` 105 52 x + 42 y
_ (c) Let the number of students be n. =
=
Total money spent 17. A cricketer has a certain average
The price of commodity in 2012 _ (d) Average of A and B = 30 x + y
Total number of pencils of 10 innings. In the eleventh Total weight of n students = average A+ B
= 105 + 105 ×
8 ⇒ = 30 According to the question,
70 + x inning he scored 108 runs, weight × number of students 100 2
⇒ 1.25 = 52 x + 42 y
2 there by increasing his average = 43 × n = 43n = 105 + 8.4 = ` 113.4 ⇒ A + B = 60 and average of = 50
60 + x x + y
3 by 6 runs. What is his new 43n + 42 + 36. 5 + 39 + 42 . 5 C and D = 20
⇒ = 42 . 5 The price of commodity in 2013
average? n+ 4 77 C + D ⇒ 52 x + 42 y = 50x + 50 y
.  60 + x  = 70 + x = 113.4 + 113.4 ×
2 ⇒ = 20
⇒ 125 ⇒ 2x = 8y
 3  (a) 42 (b) 47 Q Average weight  100 2
(c) 48 (d) 60  Total weight  = 113.4 + 87.318 = 200718
. ⇒ C + D = 40 ⇒
x
=
4
2.5 =
⇒ 75 + x = 70 + x   Total price increase from 2010 to 2013 y 1
3 _ (c) Let the average run of cricketer in 10  Number of students  Since, the individual values of A, B, C
innings be x. = 200718
. − 100 and D are not specified. i.e. x : y = 4:1
0.5 ⇒ 43n + 160 = 42 . 5n + 170
⇒ 5= x ⇒ x = ` 30 ∴Total runs in 10 innings = 10x = ` 10078
. Hence, average of B and C can be
3 So, 80% of population is male and 20%
Total runs in 11 innings ⇒ 0.5n = 10 Average price increase from 2010 to 2013 greater or less than 25 and average of A of population is female.
= 10x + 108 ∴ n = 20 10078
. and D can be greater or less than 25.
= = 33.57 ≈ 32%
2016 (II) Average runs in 11 innings is
10x + 108
20. 4 yr ago, the average age of A
3

=x + 6 and B was 18 yr. Now, the

16. The average score of class X is 11
average age of A, B and C is 24
83. The average score of class Y ⇒ 10x + 108 = 11x + 66
∴ x = 42
yr. After 8 yr, the age of C
is 76. The average score of class
will be
Z is 85. The average score of Hence, new average
class X and Y is 79 and average = 42 + 6 = 48. (a) 32 yr (b) 28 yr
(c) 36 yr (d) 40 yr
score of class Y and Z is 81.
What is the average score of X, _ (c) Let present ages of A, B and C be x , y
Y and Z ? 2015 (II) and z, respectively.
(a) 81.5 (b) 80.5 (c) 79.0 (d) 78.0 x + y+ z
18. The average of m numbers is Then, = 24
_ (a) We have, 3
n4 and the average of n numbers
average score of class X = 83 ⇒ x + y + z = 72 … (i)
is m4 . The average of (m + n) 4 yr ago, A’s age = x − 4
average score of class Y = 76
average score of class Z = 85
numbers is and B’s age = y − 4
Let n1, n2 and n3 students are in class (a) mn x −4+ y−4
(b) m2 + n 2 ⇒ = 18
X, Y and Z, respectively. 2
(c) mn( m2 + n2 )
∴Total scores of class X = 83n1 (d) mn ( m2 + n2 − mn) ⇒ x + y − 8 = 36
Total scores of class Y = 76n2 ⇒ x + y = 44 …(ii)
Total scores of class Z = 85n3 _ (d) Sum of m4numbers = 4average × total ⇒ z = 72 − 44
numbers = n × m = mn
Average score of class X and Y is Sum of n numbers = m4 × n = m4 n = 28 yr
83n1 + 76n2 Now, average of ( m + n) numbers ∴ After 8 yr,
= 79
n1 + n2 mn4 + nm4 mn( m3 + n3 ) age of C = 28 + 8
= = = 36 yr
⇒ 4n1 = 3n2 …(i) m+ n m+ n
 58 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

5. What is the number of digits in

725 , 823 and 920 , respectively?
2018 (II) 2018 (I)

12 [given, log 10 2 = 0.301,

log 10 3 = 0 .477, log 10 7 = 0 .845]
(a) 21, 20, 19
(c) 22, 21, 20
_ (c) Let x = 7
25
(b) 20, 19, 18
(d) 22, 20, 21
7. If log 10 2 = 0 .3010 and
log 10 3 = 0 .4771, then the value
of log 100 (0 .72) is equal to
(a) 0.9286
(c) 1.8572
(b) 1.9286
(d) 1.9572
9. For 0 < m < 1, which one of the
following is correct ?
(a) log10 m < m2 < m < m−1
(b) m < m−1 < m2 < log10 m
(c) log10 m < m < m−1 < m2
(d) log10 m < m−1 < m < m2
On taking log both sides, we get
_ (b) We have, log10 2 = 0.3010 _ (a) For every value of m which is less than
log10 x = log10 7 25

LOGARITHM
and log10 3 = 0.4771 1 and greater than 0.
= 25 log10 7 [Q log a b = b log a]
. ) = log10 2( 072
log100( 072 . ) m will always be greater than m2 all
= 25 × 0.845 ⇒ = 21125 .
1 options except (a) violates this condition.
∴Number of digits = 21 + 1 = 22 = log10( 072. )
2 ∴for 0< m< 1
Let y=8 23
1
= log10
72 log10 m< m2 < m< m−1
On taking log both sides, we get 2 100
3. If log 10 1995 = 3.3000 , then 3
2019 (II) Area ( A ) of equilateral triangle = ( XY )2 log10 y = log10 8 23 1
= [log10 72 − log10 100]
what is the value
1
of (0 .001995)8 ? 3 2 3
4
= log10(2 3 )23 = log10 2 69 2 2017 (II)
A= (7 ) = × 49 cm 2 …(i) = 69 log10 2 [Q log a b = b log a] Q log a = log a − log b 
1. What is the value of 4 4
= 69 × 0.301 = 20769  
log 10 (cos θ) + log 10 (sin θ) (a)
1
(b)
1
= log10 A 4 = log10( A 2 )2 = 2 log10 A 2
. b 10. If log 10 6 = 0 .7782 and
10 0. 3475 10 0. 3375 ∴Number of digits = 20 + 1 = 21 1
= [log10 9 × 8 − log10 10 2 ]
+ log 10 (tan θ) + log 10 (cot θ) 1 1 2 log 10 8 = 0 .9031, then what is
(c) (d)  49 3  Let z = 9 20 2
+ log 10 (sec θ) + log 10 (cosec θ)? 10 0. 3275
10 0. 3735 = 2 log10   by Eq. (i) 1 the value of
 4  On taking log both sides, we get = [log10 9 + log10 8 − 2 log10 10] log 10 8000 + log 10 600 ?
2
_ (b) Let x = ( 0.001995)
1/ 8
(a) −1 (b) 0 (c) 0.5 (d) 1  49 × 49 × 3  log10 z = log10 9 20
= 2 log10  [Q log( a × b ) = log a + log b] (a) 4.6813 (b) 5.5813
 = log10( 3 2 )20
_ (b) log10(cos θ) + log10(sinθ) + log10(tanθ) On taking log10 both sides, we get
 4×4  1 (c) 1.5813 (d) 6.6813
log10 x = log10 ( 0.001995)1/ 8 = log10 3 40 = 40 log10 3 = [log10 3 2 + log10 2 3 − 2 ]
+ log10(cot θ) + log10(sec θ) = 2[log10( 49 × 49 × 3) − log10 16] 2 _ (d) We have, log10 6 = 0.7782 ...(i)
1 [Q log a b = b log a]
+ log10(cosec θ) = log10( 0.001995) Q log a = log a − log b  1 log10 8 = 0.9031
= 40 × 0.477 = [2 log10 3 + 3 log10 2 − 2 ] and ...(ii)
 
8
⇒ log10(cos θ ⋅ sinθ) + log10(tanθ ⋅ cot θ) b 2 Now consider, log10 8000 + log10 600
[Q log a b = b log a ] = 19.08
+ log10(sec θ ⋅ cosec θ) = 2[log10(7 4 × 3) − log10 2 4 ] 1
Number of digits = 19 + 1 = 20 = [2 × 0.4771 + 3 × 0.3010 − 2 ] = log10( 8000 × 600)
= log10 
1 1995 
[Q log a b + log a c = log a b ⋅ c ] = 2[log10 7 4 + log10 3 − 4 log10 2 ] 2
8  1000000 
 [Q log a + log b = log( a × b )]
1
⇒ log10(cos θ ⋅ sinθ) [Qlog( a × b ) = log a + log b] = [0.9542 + 0.9030 − 2 ] = log10( 8 × 6 × 10 5 )
1
+ log10(sec θ ⋅ cosec θ) + log10(1) = [log10 1995 − log10 10 6 ]
8 = 2  4 log10 7 + log10 3 − 4 log10
2 × 5 2019 (I) 2
1 = log10 8 + log10 6 + log10 10 5
⇒ log10 (cos θ ⋅ sinθ ⋅ sec θ ⋅ cosec θ) + 0  5  = [18572
. − 2]
1 [Q log( a × b ) = log a + log b]
= [log10 1995 − 6 log10 10] 2
[Q log10 1 = 0] [Q log a b = b log a] = (0.9031) + (0.7782) + 5 log10 10
8 6. It is given that log 10 2 = 0 .301 = 0.9286 − 1 = 1.9286
⇒ log10(1) ⇒ 0 1 1 1 [5 divided and multiply in last number] [Q log a b = b log a]
= [3 ⋅ 3 − 6] = [− 2.7 ] = − [2.7 ] and log 10 3 = 0 .477. How many
2. The sides of a triangle are 30 cm, 8 8 8 = 2[4 log10 7 + log10 3 − 4(log10 10 8. There are n zeros appearing = 1.6813 + 5 = 6.6813 [Qlog10 10 = 1]
digits are there in (108)10 ? immediately after the decimal
28 cm and 16 cm, respectively. = − 0.3375 − log10 5)]
In order to determine its area, On taking antilog both sides, we get = 2[4 log10 7 + 4 log10 5 + log10 3 (a) 19 (b) 20 point in the value of (0 .2)25 . It is
the logarithm of which of the x =
1 − 4 log10 10] (c) 21 (d) 22 given that the value of 2017 (I)
quantities are required? 10 0. 3375 = 2[4 log10 35 + log10 3 − 4 log10 10] _ (c) Given, log10 2 = 0.301 log 10 2 = 0 .30103. The value of n
(a) 37, 11, 28, 16 (b) 21, 30, 28, 7 = 2[4 × log10 35 + log10 3 − 4] …(ii) log10 3 = 0.477 is 11. What is the number of digits
4. Let XYZ be an equilateral
(c) 37, 21, 11, 9 (d) 37, 21, 9, 7
triangle in which XY = 7 cm. If
[Qlog10 10 = 1] x = (108)10 (a) 25 (b) 19 (c) 18 (d) 17 in 240 ?
_ (d) Sides of triangle are 30, 28 and 16 cm ⇒ log10 1050 = 3.0212 On taking log both sides, we get _ (c) Let x = ( 02
. ) 25
(Given that log 10 2 = 0 .301)
A denotes the area of the
30 + 28 + 16 log10(105 × 10) = 3.0212 log x = log 10810
Semi perimeter = = 37 triangle, then what is the value On taking log both sides, we get (a) 14 (b) 13 (c) 12 (d) 11
2 log10 10 + log10( 35 × 3) = 3.0212 log x = 10 log 108
of log 10 A4 ? (given that log x = log( 0 .2 )25 _ (b) Let y = 2 40
Area log10 10 + log10 35 + log10 3 = 3.0212 log x = 10 [log(2 2 × 3 3 )] 2 
( A ) = 37( 37 − 30)( 37 − 28)( 37 − 16) log 10 1050 = 3.0212 and ⇒ log x = 25 log   On taking log both sides, we get
log10 3 = 3.0212 − log10 35 − log10 10 [Q108 = 2 2 × 3 3]  10 
A = 37 × 7 × 9 × 21 cm2 log 10 35 = 15441
. ) log y = log 2 40 ⇒ log y = 40 log 2
= 3.0212 − 15441 − 1 = 0.4771 …(iii) log x = 10 [log 2 2 + log 3 3 ] [Q log a b = b log a]
(a) 5.3070 (b) 5.3700
. ⇒ log y = 40 × 0.3010
On taking log both sides, we get [Q log( a × b ) = log a + log b]
(c) 5.5635 (d) 5.6535 On putting the value of log10 3 in Eq. (ii), ⇒ log x = 25 (log10 2 − log10 10) [Q log 2 = 0.3010]
log A = log( 37 × 7 × 9 × 21)1/ 2 log x = 10 [2 log 2 + 3 log 3]
we get Q log a = log a − log b  ⇒ log y = 12.040
1
= log( 37 × 7 × 9 × 21) _ (a) Given, XYZ is an equilateral triangle = 2[4 × 15441
. + 0.4771 − 4] [Q log a b = b log a]  b  ∴ y = antilog (12.040)
2 and XY = 7 cm
[Q log10 35 = 15441
. ] log x = 10 [2 × 0.301 + 3 × 0.477 ] ⇒ log x = 25( 0 . 3010 − 1) ∴Number of digits = (12 + 1) = 13
[Q log a b = b log a ] X
1
= [log 37 + log 7 + log 9 + log 21] = 2 × [( 61764
. + 0.4771) − 4] log x = 10 × 2.033 = 20.33 ⇒ log x = 7.525 − 25
2 On taking antilog both sides, we get 13. What is the solution of the
= 2 × ( 6.6535 − 4] ⇒ log x = 0.525 − 18 10 
[Q log( a × b ) = log a + log b ] x = e 20. 33 equation x log 10   + log 10 3
= 2 × (2.6535] = 5.3070 ⇒ x = antilog( 0.525) × 10 − 18 3
Logarithmic of 37, 7, 9 and 21 is Number of digit are there is = 20 . 33 ≈ 21
Option (a) is correct. ∴18 zero appearing immediately after
required.
Y Z Option (c) is correct. the decimal point.
= log 10 (2 + 3 x ) + x ?
Logarithm 59
− 1/ 2 1
(a) 10 (b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 0 −1
  1 − x 2 − 1  or log 2 + log 3 = 0
⇒ log10 1 −   =1 x −1
_ (d) We have, 2 
  1 − x  
 ⇒ x = −2

⇒
 10 
x log10   + log10 3
 3
= log10(2 + 3 x ) + x
 10 
log10   + log10 3
 3
x

= log10(2 + 3 x ) + log10 10 x
⇒

⇒

log10 1 − 



log10

1 +
−1
 − x2  
 
1 − x2 

1 − x2
x2 


− 1/ 2

− 1/ 2
=1

=1
or

or
( x − 1) = −

x = −2
log 3
log 2

 log 3 
x = 1−  
 log 2 
13

[Qlog a a = 1, log a m = mlog a] − 1/ 2 16. The number of digits in 330 is n
 10 
x x2 + 1 − x2

BASIC OPERATION
⇒ log10   ⋅ 3 = log10(2 + 3)x ⋅ 10 x ⇒ log10   =1 and it is given that
 3  x2  log 10 3 = 0 ⋅ 4771. What is the
− 1/ 2
[Q logc a + logc b = logc ab ] value of n?
log10  2 
1
⇒ =1
 x 
x
 10  (a) 13 (b) 14
⇒ 3  = 10 x (2 + 3 x )
 3

AND FACTORISATION
(c) 15 (d) 16
⇒ log10( x 2 )1/ 2 = 1
_ (c) Let x = 3
30
3 ⋅ 10 x ⇒ log10 x = 1
⇒ = 10 x (2 + 3 x )
3 x
∴ x = (10)1 = 10 log x = log 3 30
⇒ 3 ⋅ 10 x = 3 x ⋅ 10 x (2 + 3 x ) ⇒ log x = 30 log10 3 [Qlog a b = b log a]
⇒ 3 = 3 x (2 + 3 x ) 15. What are the roots of the = 30 × 0.4771 [Qlog10 3 = 0.4771]
x ( x − y)3 + ( y − z)3 + ( z − x )3 16 y 2 = 52 + 30 3
Let 3x = y
equation 2 x + 2 ⋅ 27 x − 1 = 9?
= 14.3130 2019 (II) _ (b) Let p =
9( x − y) ( y − z) ( z − x ) 8 y 2 = 26 + 15 3 …(iv)
∴ 3 = y(2 + y) Since, the characteristic in the resultant
 3 value of log10( 3 30 ) is 14. Let a = x − y, b = y − z, c = z − x On multiplying Eq. (iii) by 5, we get
⇒ 3 = 2 y + y2 (a) 2, 1 − log   36 1
2 ∴The number of digits in 3 30 is 1. If =3+ , where a+ b+ c = x − y+ y− z+ z− x = 0 20 y = 25 + 15 3 …(v)
⇒ y2 + 2 y − 3 = 0 11 1
⇒ ( y + 3)( y − 1) = 0
2
(b) 2, 1 − log  
(14 + 1) = 15. x+ If a + b + c = 0, Eq. (v) substract from Eq. (iv),
 3
1 ⇒ 8 y 2 − 20 y = 1
⇒ y = −3, 1
y+ then a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 3abc
 log 3  z 3( x − y)( y − z)( z − x ) 1 ⇒ 8 y 2 − 20 y − 1 = 0
∴ 3 x = −3, 1 (c) − 2, 1 −   ∴p = =
⇒ 3 =1
x
[Q 3 x ≠ −3]
 log 2  2016 (I) x, y and z are natural numbers, 9( x − y) ( y − z)( z − x ) 3 Option (a) will satisfy ‘ y’.
 log 2  then what is ( x + y + z ) equal to
⇒ x =0 (d) − 2, 1 −   1+ 3 4. For what value of k can the
 log 3  17. The value of 3. If x = and y = x3 , then y
1 (a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9
2 expression x3 + kx2 − 7 x + 6 be
x log10 3125 − 4 log10 2 + log10 32 36 1
x +2 x −1 5 _ (a) Given, = 3+ satisfies which one of the resolved into three linear
2016 (II) _ (c) We have, 2 ⋅ 27 =9
is
11 x+
1
1 following equations? factors?
On taking log both sides, we get (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3 y+
x z (a) 8 y 2 − 20 y − 1 = 0 (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
14. What is the solution of ( x + 2 )log 2 + log 27 = log 9 1 (b) 8 y 2 + 20 y − 1 = 0
1 x −1 _ (b) log10 3125 − 4log10 2 + log10 32 ⇒3+
3
= 3+
1 _ (a) For a particular value of k we must get 3
− 5 1 (c) 8 y 2 + 20 y + 1 = 0 different value of x.
log10 [1 − {1 − (1 − x2 )− 1}− 1] 2 =1? ⇒ ( x + 2 )log 2 +
3x
log 3 = 2 log 3 = log10[( 5)5 ]1/ 5 − log10(2 )4 + log10 32
11 x+ (d) 8 y 2 − 20 y + 1 = 0
1 We can satisfy the option in this type of
x −1 y+
[Q b log a = log a b ]
(a) x = 100 (b) x = 10 _ (a) Given, y = x
3
z …(i) question, and by solving we will get that
 3x 
(c) x = 1 (d) x = 0 ⇒ ( x + 2 )log 2 +  − 2  log 3 = 0 = log105 − log10 16 + log10 32 By comparing, we get 1+ 3
only option (a) will satisfy the equation.
x −1  and x = …(ii) ⇒ x 3 + kx 2 − 7 x + 6 = 0
_ (b) Given,  5 × 32  3
=
1
= log10   2
log10[1 − {1 − (1 − x 2 )−1} −1 ]−1/ 2 = 1 x + 2  16  11 x + 1 1+ 3 On putting k = 0,
⇒ ( x + 2 ) log 2 +   log 3 = 0 On putting x = in Eq. (i), we get
−1
− 1/ 2  x − 1 Q log a − log b + log c = log ( a × c ) y+
1 2 ⇒ x 3 + x 2 − x 2 − 7x + 6 = 0
  1  
 b 
3
⇒ log10 1 − 1 − =1   z 1 + 3  ⇒ x 3 − x 2 + x 2 − x − 6x + 6 = 0
2
1
 ⇒ ( x + 2 ) log 2 + log 3 = 0 y=
  1 − x   x −1 x+
1
=
11
⇒x +
1
= 3+
2 
⇒ x 2( x − 1) + x ( x − 1) − 6( x − 1) = 0
  = log10 10 = 1 1 3 1 3  2 
Q a − n = 1  ⇒ x +2 =0 y+ y+ ⇒ ( x − 1)( x 2 + x − 6) = 0
z z (1 + 3 )3
 y=
a n  By comparing, we get 23 ⇒ ( x − 1)( x 2 + 3x − 2 x − 6) = 0
1 3 1 + 3 3 + 3 3(1 + 3 ) ⇒ ( x − 1)( x ( x + 3) − 2( x + 3)) = 0
x = 3, y + = =
z 2 8 ⇒ ( x − 1)( x − 2 )( x + 3) = 0
1 1 [Q( a + b )3 = a 3 + b 3 + 3ab( a + b )] We will get, x = 1, 2, and −3.
y + = 1+
z 2 1+ 3 3 + 3 3 + 9
y=
By comparing, we get y = 1, z = 2 8 5. The quotient when
Then, ( x + y + z) = 3 + 2 + 1 = 6 5+3 3 x4 − x2 + 7 x + 5 is divided by
y=
2. What is the value of
4 ( x + 2) is ax3 + bx2 + cx + d. What
4y = 5 + 3 3 …(iii)
are the values of a, b, c and d,
( x − y)3 + ( y − z )3 + (z − x)3 On squaring both sides in Eq. (iii),
respectively?
we get
9( x − y) ( y − z )(z − x) (a) 1, − 2, 3, 1
( 4 y)2 = ( 5 + 3 3 )2
1 1 (b) −1, 2, 3, 1
(a) 0 (b) (c) (d) 1 16 y 2 = 25 + 27 + 30 3 (c) 1, − 2, − 3, − 1
3 9 [Q( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab] (d) −1, 2, − 3, − 1
Basic Operation and Factorisation 61 62 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

_ (a) Lets divide x − x + 7 x + 5 with long

4 2 (x − x 2 ) = x
+2
x
+2 1 + px 1 − qx Then, a = 1, b = 2, c = 3 15. What is
_ (a) =1
−15. − ( −15 . )2 = −15. − 2.25 = −375 . 1 − px 1 + qx a+ b+c
division method, 2 + 3 Mean of a, b and c = ( x − y)3 + ( y − z )3 + (z − x)3
From option (b), x x
x + 2 ) x 4 − x 2 + 7 x + 5 ( x 3 − 2 x 2 + 3x + 1 −2 −2 1 + px 1 + qx 3
3( x − y) ( y − z ) (z − x)
( x − x ) = −0.5 − ( −0.5)
2 2 2 3 = 1+ 2 + 3
x 4 + 2x 3 1 − px 1 − qx = =2
= 0.5 − 025. = −075 . 4 6 4 6 3 equal to?
− − ( 3 − 2 )+2 ( 3− 2 )+2
 2 On squaring both sides, we get 1
− 2x 3 − x 2 From option (c), = + 3 Option (b) is correct. (a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d) 3
− 2 x 3 − 4x 2 ( x − x 2 ) = 0.5 − ( 0.5)2 = 0.5 − 025
. = 025
4 6
( 3 − 2 )−2
4 6
( 3− 2 )−2 (1 + px )2 1 + qx 3
. = a b c
+ +
 From option (d),
2 3 (1 − px )2 1 − qx 13. If = = , then ( x − y) + ( y − z) + ( z − x )3
3 3

3x 2 + 7 x 4 3( 3 − 2 ) + 2 4 2 ( 3 − 2 )+2 b+c c+a a+b _ (a)

( x − x ) = 15
2
. − ( −15. ) = 15
2
. − 2.25 = −075
. = + Use Componendo and Dividendo rule, 3( x − y) ( y − z) ( z − x )
3x 2 + 6x 4 3( 3 − 2 ) − 2 4 2 ( 3 − 2) −2 which one of the following
− − Hence,x = 0.5 (1 + px )2 + (1 − px )2 1 + qx + 1 − qx a+ b+c=0
 =
If
x + 5 4× 3− 4 6 + 2 4 6 − 8+ 2 statements is correct?
8. What is the sum of all integer = + (1 + px )2 − (1 − px )2 1 + qx − 1 + qx a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 3abc
x +2 4× 3− 4 6 −2 4 6 − 8−2 (a) Each fraction is equal to 1 or − 1
− − x − y+ y− z+ z−x =0
 values of n for which (1 + p2x 2 + 2 px ) + (1 + p2x 2 − 2 px )
3 14 − 4 6 4 6−6 ⇒ 1
n2 + 19 n + 92 is a perfect square? = + (1 + p2x 2 + 2 px ) − (1 + p2x 2 − 2 px ) (b) Each fraction is equal to or 1
2
Then,
According to the question, 10 − 4 6 4 6 − 10 3( x − y) ( y − z) ( z − x )
1 + qx + 1 − qx 1 = =1
ax + bx + cx + d
3 2 (a) 21 (b) 19 7 −2 6 3−2 6 = (c) Each fraction is equal to or − 1 3( x − y) ( y − z) ( z − x )
(c) 0 (d) −19 = + 1 + qx − 1 + qx 2
= x 3 − 2 x 2 + 3x + 1 5−2 6 5−2 6 Option (a) is correct answer.
[Q( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab, 1
_ (d) Let k = n + 19n + 92
2 2
By comparing it, we will get [negative sign common in both] (d) Each fraction is equal to only
a = 1, b = − 2, c = 3 and d = 1 ( a − b )2 = a 2 + b 2 − 2 ab] 2 16. If a x = b y = c z and b2 = ac , then
On multiplying both sides by 4, we get 10 − 4 6 2( 5 − 2 6 )
= = 2 + 2 p2x 2 a
=
b
=
c
= k (let) 1 1
4n2 + 76n + 368 = 4k 2 5−2 6 5−2 6 ⇒ =
2 _ (d) what is + equal to?
6. What is ( x − a)( x − b)( x − c ) 4 px 2qx b+c c+ a a+ b
x z
⇒ (2 n)2 + 2 × 19 × 2 n + 361 + 7 = 4k 2 Option(d) is correct.
equal to ? a
⇒ (2 n + 19)2 = ( 4k 2 − 7 ) …(i) 1 + p2x 2 1 =k 1
(b) −
1 2
(d) −
2
⇒ = b+c (a) (c)
(a) x 3 − ( a + b + c ) x 2 + ( bc + ca Let (2 n + 19) = m 10. For x > 0, what is the minimum 2 px qx y y y y
+ ab )x − abc Then, 4k − 7 = m
2 2 x +2 a = k( b + c ) …(i)
(b) x 3 + ( a + b + c ) x 2 + ( bc + ca value of x + ? ⇒ 1 + p2x 2 =
2p
b _ (c) Given, a = b = c and b = ac
x y z 2

4k 2 − m2 = 7 2x q =k
+ ab )x + abc c+ a a x = b y = c z = k (let)
(c) x 3 − ( bc + ca + ab ) x 2 + ( a + b (2 k − m)(2 k + m) = 7 (a) 1 2p
⇒ px =
2 2
−1 a = k1/ x
+ c )x − abc [Q a 2 − b 2 = ( a + b )( a − b )] (b) 2 q b = k(c + a ) …(ii)
b = k1/ y
(d) x 3 + ( bc + ca + ab ) x 2 Factor of 7 are 7 and 1 (c) 2
1
2p − q
c
=k
− ( a + b + c )x − abc 2 ∴ px = ± a+ b c = k1/ z
So, 2k + m = 7 q
(d) Cannot be determined Q b 2 = ac
_ (a) Let y = ( x − a)( x − b )( x − c ) 2k − m = 1
x +2 1 2p − q
c = k( a + b ) …(iii)
x =± ( k1/ y )2 = k1/ x × k1/ z
= ( x 2 − ax − bx + ab )( x − c ) By solving this, we get _ (c) x + ,x > 0 …(i)
p q On adding Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
 + 
2x 2 1 1
= x 3 − ax 2 − bx 2 + abx − cx 2 + acx k=2
x 2 1 1 a + b + c = 2 k( a + b + c ) k y = k x z
+ bcx − abc Now, putting k = 2 in Eq. (i), we get =x + + =x + + Option (a) is correct.
2x 2x 2 x k = 1/ 2 2 1 1
= x 3 − x 2( a + b + c ) + x ( ab + bc + ac ) (2 n + 19) = ( 4(2 )2 − 7 ) = 16 − 7
2 12. If a, b and c are positive integers = +
Option (d) is correct. y x z
− abc Differentiation of the Eq. (i), we get 1 16
⇒ (2 n + 19)2 = 9
1 such that = , 14. If (4 a + 7 b) (4 c − 7 d) Option (c) is correct.
After solving this we get option (a) is ⇒ 2 n + 19 = ± 3 0 = 1+ 0 − 2 1 23
x a+
correct. ⇒ 2 n + 19 = + 3 ⇒ n = − 8 1 = (4 a − 7 b) (4 c + 7 d), then which
1 b+
7. A real number x is such that ⇒ 2 n + 19 = − 3 ⇒ n = − 11
x2
=1 ⇒ x =1 2
1
c+
one of the following is correct? 2018 (II)
( x − x2 ) is maximum. What is x Sum of integer value of n = − 8 + ( −11)
x =±1
2 (a)
a c
= (b)
a c
=
= − 19 then what is the mean of a, b b d d b
equal to ? x = 1 ( x > 0) a d 4a c
17. If x = 2 + 22 /3 + 21 /3 , then the
(a) − 1.5 (b) − 0.5 (c) 0.5
and c? (c) = (d) = value of the expression
(d) 1.5 On putting x = 1 in Eq. (i), we get b c 7b d
2019 (I) (1) + 2 (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 1.33 (d) 2.33 x3 − 6 x2 + 6 x will be
_ (c) x is a real number such that ( x − x ) is
2
= (1) + 1 16 16 _ (a) ( 4a + 7 b ) ( 4c − 7d )
maximum. 2(1) _ (b) = ⇒ (a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) – 2
3 5 1 a+
1 23 23 = ( 4a − 7 b ) ( 4 c + 7d )
y = x − x2 _ (a) Given, x = 2 + 2 + 2
2/ 3 1/ 3
Let 4 6 = 1+ = = 2 1
On differential both sides w.r.t. x, we get 9. For x = , what is the 2 2 2 b+
⇒
4a + 7 b 4 c + 7d
= ⇒ x − 2 = 2 2/ 3 + 2 1/ 3
2+ 3 Option (c) is correct. c+
1
4a − 7b 4 c − 7d
dy d d On cubing both sides, we get
= (x ) − (x 2 ) value of 2
dx dx dx 1 + px 1 − qx 1 1 Use componendo and dividendo rule, ( x − 2 )3 = (2 2/ 3 + 2 1/ 3 )3
11. If = 1, then what = =
= x1 − 1 − 2 x 2 − 1 x +2 2 x +2 3 ( 4a + 7 b ) + ( 4a − 7 b )
+ =? 1 − px 1 + qx 23/16 1 + 7 ⇒ x 3 − 2 3 − 3( x )(2 )( x − 2 )
dy x −2 2 x −2 3 16 ( 4a + 7 b ) − ( 4a − 7 b )
= 1 − 2x are the non-zero solutions of x? = (2 2/ 3 )3 + (2 1/ 3 )3 + 3(2 )2/ 3
dx
=
1
=
1 ( 4 c + 7d ) + ( 4 c − 7d )
(a)1 (b) 2
1 2p − q = (2 )1/ 3(2 2/ 3 + 2 1/ 3 )
dy 1 1 ( 4 c + 7d ) − ( 4 c − 7d )
To be the function maximum =0 (c) 3 (d) 2 (a) ± , 2p ≠ q 1+ 1+ [Q( a − b )3 = a 3 − b 3 − 3ab ( a − b ),
dx p q 16 / 7 2
4 6 2 +
1 − 2x = 0 ⇒ 2x = 1 _ (d)Given, x = 1 7
8a
=
8c ( a + b ) = a + b + 3ab ( a + b )]
3 3 3

2+ 3 (b) ± p − q, p ≠ q
1 pq 1 1 14b 14 d ⇒ x 3 − 8 − 6x 2 + 12 x
∴ x = ⇒ x = 0.5 x = 4 6( 3 − 2 ) [Q By relionlisation] = =
2 p 1 1 a c = 2 2 + 2 + 6( x − 2 )
(c) ± p − q, p ≠ q 1+ 1+ =
x+2 2 x+2 3 1 1 b d ⇒ x 3 − 6x 2 + 12 x = 6 + 8 + 6x − 12
Alternate method : On solving the given + q 2 + 2 +
question with respect of option : x −2 2 x −2 3 q 7/ 2 3+
1 Option (a) is correct. ⇒ x − 6x + 6x = 2
3 2
(d) ± 2p − q, 2p ≠ q
From option (a), (divided by 2 ) p 2
Basic Operation and Factorisation 63 64 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

xy + ab
= k  x2 + 2 , then k is
1 1 1 p
18. If x6 + _ (b) We have, ab + bc + ca = 0 ⇒ = − 27. The remainder when 33. The non-zero solution of the
x6  x  ( b 2 − ca ) (c 2 − ab ) + ( a 2 − bc )
bx 1− p 1− p 3 x3 + kx2 + 5 x − 6 is divided by 2017 (II) a − x2 b − x c − x
(c 2 − ab ) + ( a 2 − bc ) ( b 2 − ca ) ab + x y 1 − p equation − =
equal to Now, ⇒ = =1 ( x + 1) is −7. What is the value of bx c b
( a 2 − bc ) ( b 2 − ca ) (c 2 − ab ) bx 1− p 30. If x = 111 K 1 (20 digits), y = 333 K 3
(a)  x 2 − 1 + 2 
1
(b)  x 4 − 1 +
1 

k? b − x2
 x   x4  (10 digits) and z = 222 K 2 (10 − , where b ≠ 0, c ≠ 0 is
1 1 1 24. If x + y + z = 0, then what is (a) −14 (b) 14 (c) −7 (d) 7 cx
= + + x − y2
(c)  x + 1 + 4 
 (d)  x 4 − 1 −
1 1  digits), then what is equal to?
4
 a 2 − bc b 2 − ca c 2 − ab _ (d) p( x )= 3x + kx + 5x − 6
3 2
b 2 + ac b 2 − ac
 x   x4  ( y + z − x)3 + (z + x − y)3 z (a) (b)
=
1
+
1 x + 1= 0 1 b2 + c 2 b2 − c 2
+ ( x + y − z )3 equal to ? (a) (b) 1
_ (b) We know that, a 2 + ab + ac b 2 + ab + bc ∴ x = −1 2 b 2 − ac b 2 + ac
a + b = ( a + b )( a − ab + b )
3 3 2 2 (c) (d)
+ 2
1
(a) ( x + y + z)3 p( − 1) = 3 ( − 1)3 + k ( − 1)2 + 5 ( − 1) − 6 (c) 2 (d) 3 b2 + c 2 b2 − c 2
3
1  1 c + bc + ca =−3+ k−5−6 _ (b) We have, x = 111 ... 1 (20 digit)
∴ x6 + = ( x 2 )3 +  2  (b) 3( x + y)( y + z)( z + x )
x6 x  1 1 = k − 14 y = 333 ... 3 (10 digit)
_ (a) Given equation is
= + (c) 24xyz a − x2 b − x c − x b − x2
 1  1  a( a + b + c ) b( a + b + c ) (d) − 24xyz ∴Remainder = k − 14 z = 222 ... 2 (10 digits) − = −
=  x 2 + 2  x 4 − 1+ 4  bx c b cx
 x  x  1 But, remainder = − 7 [given] ∴ x = 10 0 + 101 + 10 2 + K + 10 20
+ _ (d) Given, x + y + z = 0 …(i) a − x2 b − x2 c − x b−x
∴ k = x 4 − 1+ 4
1 c( a + b + c ) ∴ k − 14 = − 7 10 20 − 1 ⇒ + = +
We have to find the value of = bx cx b c
x 1  1 + 1 + 1 ∴ k = − 7 + 14 = 7 9
= ( y + z − x )3 + ( z + x − y)3 ac − cx 2 + b 2 − bx 2
19. The sum of all possible products ( a + b + c )  a b c  y = 3(10 0 + 101 + 10 2 K 1010 ) ⇒
+ ( x + y − z)3 28. If f ( x) and g( x) are polynomials 3(1010 − 1) bcx
taken two at a time out of the 1  ab + bc + ca  = c 2 − cx + b 2 − bx
=   =0 Let y + z − x = a, z + x − y = b of degree p and q respectively, =
numbers ± 1, ± 2, ± 3, ± 4 is (a + b + c )  abc 
and x + y − z = c then the degree of { f ( x) ± g( x)}
9
bc
z = 2(10 0 + 101 + 10 2 + K + 1010 )
(a) 0 (b) –30 (c) 30 (d) 55 ∴ a+ b + c = y+ z− x + z (if it is non- zero) is 2(1010 − 1) ( b 2 + ac ) −x 2( b + c )
= ⇒
_ (b) Let ± 1, ± 2 , ± 3 , ± 4 are the roots of 2018 (I) + x − y+ x + y− z (a) greater than min ( p, q ) 9 bcx
the polynomials =x + y + z (b) greater than max ( p,q ) 2 (b 2 + c 2 ) − x(b + c )
 10 20 − 1  1010 − 1 =
∴( x + 1) ( x − 1) ( x + 2 ) ( x − 2 ) ( x + 3) =0 [from Eq. (i)] (c) less than or equal to max ( p,q )   − 9  bc
22. If a + b = 2 c , then what is the (d) equal to min ( p,q ) x − y2  9   9 
⇒ ( b 2 + ac ) − x 2( b + c ) = x ( b 2 + c 2 )
( x − 3) ( x + 4) ( x − 4) = 0 If a + b + c = 0, =
a c z 2(1010 − 1) − x 2( b + c )
⇒ ( x 2 − 1) ( x 2 − 4) ( x 2 − 9) value of + ? then a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 3 a bc _ (c) We have, degree of f( x ) = p
( x 2 − 16) = 0 a−c b−c ∴ ( y + z − x )3 + ( z + x − y)3 + ( x + y − z)3 degree of g ( x ) = q
9 ⇒ b 2 + ac = x ( b 2 + c 2 )
(1010 + 1) (1010 − 1) −(1010 − 1) (1010 − 1) b 2 + ac
⇒ ( x 4 − 5x 2 + 4) (a) −1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2 = 3( y + z − x )( z + x − y)( x + y − z) degree ( f( x ) + g ( x )) = max = ⇒ x = 2
2(1010 − 1) b + c2
( x − 25x 2 + 144) = 0
4
= 3( y + z + x − 2 x ) ( z + x + y − 2 y) ( p, q ), p =/ q
_ (c) Given, a + b = 2c ( x + y + z − 2 z) (1010 − 1) (1010 + 1 − 1010 + 1)
⇒ x 8 − 30x 6 + 148x 4 degree ( f( x ) − g ( x )) = max( p, q ), = =1
−820x 2 + 576 = 0
or a+ b=c + c
= 3( − 2 x )( − 2 y)( − 2 z) [Qx + y + z = 0] 2(1010 − 1) 34. If ab + bc + ca = 0, then what is
p =/ q
or a−c =c − b …(i)
The sum of the roots taken two at a time = −24x y z degree ( f( x ) + g ( x )) = p or q, p = q the value of
a
+
c 31. Let f ( x) and g( x) be two
is coefficient of x 6 is −30 Now,
degree ( f( x ) − g ( x )) = less than or equal a2 b2 c2
a−c b−c 25. If ( x + 3) is a factor of polynomials (with real + + ?
to max (p, q) p = q a2 − bc b2 − ca c 2 − ab
20. The remainder when =
a
−
c
[from Eq. (i)] x3 + 3 x2 + 4 x + k , then what is ∴ Degree ( f( x ) ± g ( x )) = less than or
coefficients) having degrees 3
3 x3 − 2 x2 y − 13 xy2 + 10 y3 c−b c−b
the value of k? equal to max (p, q) and 4 respectively. What is the (a) 3 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) − 1
is divided by ( x − 2 y) is equal to a−c c − b degree of f ( x) g( x)?
= = [from Eq. (i)] (a) 12 (b) 24
a2 − 1 _ (c) We have, ab + bc + ca = 0
c−b c−b 29. If = 5, then what is the (a) 12 (b) 7 (c) 4 (d) 3
(a) 0 (b) y (c) 36 (d) 72 ⇒ ab + ca = − bc
=1 a
(c) y − 5 (d) y + 3 _ (a) As,( x + 3) is a factor of given equation _ (b) We have, degree of f( x ) = 3 ⇒ a=
− bc
a6 − 1 b+c
_ (a) Let f( x ) b z c x ∴ x = −3 value of ? degree of g ( x ) = 4
23. If + = 1 and + =1, then a3
= 3x 3 − 2 x 2 y − 13xy 2 + 10 y 3 y c z a Now, p( x )= x 3 + 3x 2 + 4x + k New degree of f( x ) g ( x ) = degree of f( x ) b 2c 2
⇒ a2 =
And g (x ) = x − 2 y ab + xy ∴ p( − 3) = 0 (a) 125 (b) −125 (c) 140 (d) −140 + degree of g ( x ) = 3 + 4 = 7 ( b + c )2
what is equal to ? a −1 2
When f( x ) is divided by g ( x ) bx ⇒ ( − 3)3 + 3 ( − 3)2 + 4 ( − 3) + k = 0
_ (c) =5 [given] 32. Let f ( x) = a0 x n + a1 x n − 1 Now, consider
∴ f(2 y) = 3(2 y)3 − 2(2 y)2 y ⇒ − 27 + 27 − 12 + k = 0 a a2 b2 c2
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 0 (d) −1
1 + a2 x n − 2 + K + an − 1 x + an, where + 2 +
−13(2 y) y 2 + 10 y 3 z ⇒ k = 12 ∴ a− =5 …(i) a 2 − bc b − ca c 2 − ab
f(2 y) = 24 y 3 − 8 y 3 − 26 y 3 + 10 y 3 _ (a) Let = p a a0 , a1, a2 , ... , an are real numbers.
c 26. Which one of the following is a b 2c 2
f(2 y) = 0 On cubing both sides, we get If f ( x) is divided by (ax − b), then
b 1 x
∴ + p = 1 and + =1 zero of the polynomial 3 ( b + c )2 b2
 1 the remainder is = +
Hence, remainder = 0 a −  =5
y p a 3
3 x3 + 4 x2 − 7 ?  a  b  b
2 2
bc  − bc 
b x 1 p−1 (a) f   (b) f  −  − bc b − c
2

21. If ab + bc + ca = 0, then the value ⇒ = 1 − p and = 1 − = (a) 0 (b) 1 1  1 1  a  a ( b + c )2  b + c
of
y a p p (c) 2 (d) −1 ⇒ a3 − − 3  a −  × a × = 125  a  a
a3  a a (c) f   (d) f  −  c2
y 1
 b  b +
(b2 − ca) (c 2 − ab) + (a2 − bc )  ⇒ = …(i) _ (b) Given, p( x )= 3x + 4x − 7
3 2
[Q( a − b )3 = a 3 − b 3 − 3ab( a − b )]  − bc 
b 1− p c 2 − b 
 (c 2 − ab) + (a2 − bc ) (b2 − ca) Putting x = 1 b
  a p a3 −
1
− 3 × 5 = 125 [from Eq.(i)] _ (a) Consider, ax − b = 0 ⇒ x =  b + c
and = …(ii) ⇒ p(1) = 3 (1)3 + 4 (1) 2 − 7 a3 a
(a2 − bc ) (b2 − ca) (c 2 − ab) x p−1 b 2c 2 b 2( b + c )
⇒ p(1) = 3 + 4 − 7 = 0 1 Since, f( x ) is divided by ax − b, therefore = +
is Now, adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get ⇒ a3 − = 125 + 15 by remainder theorem, remainder is b 2c 2 − ( b + c )2 bc b 2( b + c ) + bc 2
Hence, x = 1 is a zero for polynomial a 3
y a 1 p  b c 2( b + c )
(a) –1 (b) 0 + = + 3x 3 + 4x 2 − 7 a6 − 1 given by f   . +
b x 1− p p−1 ∴ = 140  a
(c)1 (d) 2 a3 c 2( b + c ) + b 2c
Basic Operation and Factorisation 65 66 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

bc b( b + c ) x + y
= + 38. If ( x + 2) is a common factor of Now, to find other factors, let us divide
⇒ x =
2 a − 2 a2 − b 2 46. ( x + 4) is a factor of which one of and z2 = x + y ⇒ z = …(iii)
bc − ( b + c )2 b( b + c ) + c 2 f( x ) by ( x − 1) ( x + 6), i.e., by z
x2 + ax + b and x2 + bx + a, then x 2 + 5x + 12
2b the following expressions? 1 1 1
c( b + c ) a− a −b 2 2 Now, + +
+ the ratio a : b is equal to ⇒ x= (a) x 2 − 7 x + 44 (b) x 2 + 7 x − 44 x +1 y+1 z+1
c( b + c ) + b 2 x 2 + 5x − 6 x 4 + 10 x 3 + 31x 2 + 30 x − 72
x 4 + 5x 3 − 6 x 2
b (c) x 2 − 7 x − 44 (d) x 2 + 7 x + 44 1 1 1
b( b + c ) (a) 1 (b) 2 = + +
bc ( −) ( −) ( +)
= + (c) 3 (d) 4 ⇒ bx = a − a − b 2 2
_ (c) We have, ( x + 4) as a factor y + z z+ x x + y
− ( b 2 + c 2 + bc ) b 2 + bc + c 2 +1 +1 +1
5x 3 + 37 x 2 + 30 x − 72 ⇒ a − bx = a2 − b 2 ∴ Put x = −4 in all the options. x y z
c( b + c ) _ (a) We have, x + 2 is factor of 5x 3 + 25x 2 − 30 x
+ 2 (a) ( −4)2 − 7( −4) + 44 x y z
x + ax + b
2
( −) ( −) ( +) On squaring both the sides, we get = + +
b + c 2 + bc x + y+ z x + y+ z x + y+ z
∴ ( − 2 )2 + ( − 2 ) a + b = 0 12 x 2 + 60 x − 72 ⇒ ( a − bx )2 = a 2 − b 2 = 16 + 28 + 44 = 88 ≠ 0
− bc + b 2 + bc + c 2 + bc 12 x 2 + 60 x − 72 (b) ( −4)2 + 7( −4) − 44 x + y+ z
= ⇒ b − 2a = − 4 ...(i) ⇒ a 2 + b 2x 2 − 2 abx = a 2 − b 2 = =1
b + c + bc
2 2 ( −) ( −) ( +) = 16 − 28 − 44 = −56 ≠ 0 x + y+ z
also, ( x + 2 ) is factor of x 2 + bx + a ⇒ b x − 2 abx + b 2 = 0
2 2

b 2 + bc + c 2 0
= =1 ∴ (− 2 ) − 2 b + a = 0
2 ⇒ bx 2 − 2 ax + b = 0 (c) ( −4)2 − 7( −4) − 44 1
b 2 + c 2 + bc The other factor is x 2 + 5x + 12 49. If x + = 2, then what is
⇒ a −2b = − 4 ...(ii) = 16 + 28 − 44 = 0 1
∴all factors of 43. What is the value of 1+
( x − y ) ( y − z) ( z − x ) On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii) we get (d) ( −4)2 + 7( −4) + 44 1
35. What is x ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3) ( x + 5) − 72 are (443 + 547) + (443 − 547)
2 2
2+
( x − y)3 + ( y − z)3 + ( z − x )3 ∴ a= b = 4 ? = 16 − 28 + 44 = 32 ≠ 0 3
∴ a: b = 1
( x − 1), ( x + 6) and ( x 2 + 5x + 12 ). 443 × 443 + 547 × 547 ∴( x + 4) is a factor of x 2 − 7 x − 44.
equal to? x equal to?
1 1 41. If the HCF of polynomials (a) 0 (b) 1
47. If x = 2 + 22 /3 + 21 /3 , then what 7 13 11 17
(a) − (b) 39. The product of the polynomials f ( x) = ( x − 1) ( x2 + 3 x + a) and (c) 2 (d) 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
10 10 10 10
3 3 ( x + 2), ( x − 2), ( x3 − 2 x2 + 4 x − 8) ( 443 + 547 )2 + ( 443 − 547 )2 is the value of x3 − 6 x2 + 6 x ?
(c) 3 (d) − 3 g( x) = ( x + 2) ( x2 + 2 x + b) is _ (c) _ (b) Given, x +
1
=2
and ( x3 + 2 x2 + 4 x + 8) is ( x2 + x − 2), then what are the
443 × 443 + 547 × 547 (a) 3 (b) 2
1+
1
_ (b) We know that if,a + b + c = 0, then ( 443)2 + ( 547 )2 + 2 × 443 × 547  (c) 1 (d) 0 1
a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 3abc (a) x 8 − 256 2 +
values of a and b respectively?  + ( 443)2 + ( 547 )2 − 2 × 443 × 547  _ (b) We have, 3
=  
Here, ( x − y ) + ( y − z) + ( z − x ) (b) ( x 4 − 16)2 (b) 2, − 3
(a) 2, 2
( 443)2 + ( 547 )2 x = 2 + 2 2/ 3 + 2 1/ 3 …(i) ⇒ x +
1
=2
=x − y+y− z+ z−x =0 (c) ( x 4 + 16)2 (c) − 1, − 3 (d) − 2, − 1 3
[Q( a + b ) = a + b + 2 ab]
2 2 2 ⇒ x − 2 = 2 1/ 3(2 1/ 3 + 1) 1+
∴ ( x − y)3 + ( y − z)3 + ( z − x )3 (d) ( x 2 − 4)4 _ (b) Let h( x ) = x + x − 2
2
7
On cubing both the sides, we get
= 3( x − y) ( y − z)( z − x ) ...(i) = x 2 + 2x − x − 2 2[( 443) + ( 547 ) ]
2 2
7
_ (b) Let f( x ) be the product of given = =2 ( x − 2 )3 = 2(2 1/ 3 + 1)3 ⇒ x + =2
Now consider, = x ( x + 2 ) − 1( x + 2 ) = ( x + 2 ) ( x − 1) [( 443)2 + ( 547 )2 ] 10
polynomials. Then, ⇒ x 3 − 3( x 2 )(2 ) + 3( x )(2 )2 − 8
( x − y)( y − z) ( z − x ) 7 13
f( x ) = ( x + 2 ) ( x − 2 ) Since, h( x ) is the H.C.F of f( x ) and g ( x )
44. If a3 = 335 + b3 and a = 5 + b, = 2((2 1/ 3 )3 + 3(2 1/ 3 )2(1) ∴ x =2 − =
( x − y)3 + ( y − z)3 + ( z − x )3 ∴h( x ) completely divides both f( x ) and 10 10
( x 3 − 2 x 2 + 4x − 8)
then what is the value of a + b + 3 (2 )(1) + (1) )
1/ 3 2 3
( x − y)( y − z) ( z − x ) g (x ) 50. If 4 x + 3 a = 0 , then what is the
= [using Eq. (i)] ( x 3 + 2 x 2 + 4x + 8)
3( x − y) ( y − z) ( z − x ) ⇒ ( x + 2 ) is also a factor of f( x ) and (given that a > 0 and b > 0)? [Q( a − b )3 = a 3 − b 3 − 3a 2b + 3ab 2]
= ( x 2 − 2 2 ) ( x 2( x − 2 ) + 4( x − 2 )) ( x − 1) is a factor of g ( x ) (a) 7 (b) 9 value of
1 ⇒ x − 6x + 12 x − 8 =
3 2
= ( x 2( x + 2 ) + 4( x + 2 )) ⇒ f( − 2 ) = 0 and g(1) = 0 (c) 16 (d) 49 x2 + ax + a2 x2 − ax + a2
3 2[2 + 3 × 2 2/ 3 + 3 × 2 1/ 3 + 1] − ?
= ( x − 4) (( x − 2 )( x + 4))
2 2
⇒ ( − 3)( 4 − 6 + a ) = 0 _ (b) We have, a = 335 + b
3 3
x3 − a3 x3 + a3
⇒ x 3 − 6x 2 + 12 x − 8 =
36. If 5 x3 + 5 x2 − 6 x + 9 is divided (( x + 2 ) ( x 2 + 4)) and 3(1 + 2 + b ) = 0 ⇒ a 3 − b 3 = 335 …(i) 2 [ 3 + 3 × 2 2/ 3 + 3 × 2 1/ 3 ] (a) −
4
(b)
7
by ( x + 3), then the remainder is = ( x 2 − 4) ( x 2 + 4)2 ( x 2 − 2 2 ) ⇒ ( a − 2 ) = 0 and b + 3 = 0 and a = 5+ b ⇒ x 3 − 6x 2 + 12 x − 8 = 6[1 + 2 2/ 3 + 2 1/ 3 ] 7a a
(a) 135 (b) − 135 [Q ( a + b ) ( a − b ) = ( a 2 − b 2 )] ⇒ a = 2 and b = − 3 ⇒ a−b = 5 …(ii) ⇒ x − 6x + 12 x − 8 = 6[1 + x − 2 ]
3 2
(c) −
32
(d)
24
(c) 63 (d) − 63 = ( x 2 − 4) ( x 2 + 4)2 ( x 2 − 4) Now, ( a − b )3 = a 3 − b 3 − 3ab( a − b ) [from Eq. (i)]
7a 7a
_ (d) We have, = [( x 2 − 4) ( x 2 + 4)]2 ⇒ ( 5)3 = 335 − 3ab ( 5) ⇒ x 3 − 6x 2 + 12 x − 8 = 6 ( x − 1) _ (c) Given, 4x + 3a = 0
f ( x ) = 5x + 5x −6x + 9
3 2
= ( x 4 − 4 2 )2 = ( x 4 − 16)2
2017 (I) [Q from Eqs. (i) and (ii)] ⇒ x − 6x + 12 x − 8 = 6x − 6
3 2
⇒ x =
− 3a
g (x ) = x + 3 = 0 ⇒ x = − 3 ⇒ 125 = 335 − 15ab ∴ x 3 − 6x 2 + 6x = 2 4
f( − 3) = 5( − 3)3 + 5( − 3)2 − 6( − 3) + 9 40. The factors of a+b − a−b ⇒ ab = 14 x 2 + ax + a 2 x 2 − ax + a 2
x( x + 2) ( x + 3) ( x + 5) − 72 are
42. If x = , then Now, −
= − 135 + 45 + 18 + 9 = − 63 a+b + a−b Again, x 3 − a3 x 3 + a3
Hence 5x 3 + 5x 2 − 6x + 9, is divided (a) x, ( x + 3), ( x + 4) and ( x − 6)
what is bx2 − 2 ax + b equal to
( a + b ) = ( a − b ) + 4ab
2 2
2016 (II) x 2 + ax + a 2
by ( x + 3) the remainder is − 63. (b) ( x − 1), ( x + 6) and ( x 2 − 2 x − 12 ) = ( 5)2 + 4(14) = 25 + 56 =
(b ≠ a)? ( x − a ) ( x + ax + a )
2 2

(c) ( x − 1), ( x + 6) and ( x 2 + 5x + 12 ) ( a + b )2 = 81 48. If x2 = y + z , y2 = z + x and

37. The quotient of 8 x3 − y3 when (d) ( x + 1), ( x − 6) and ( x 2 − 5x − 12 ) (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) ab (d) 2ab ∴ a+ b = 9 −
x 2 − ax + a 2
z = x + y, then what is the
2
( x + a ) ( x 2 + a 2 − ax )
divided by 2 xy + 4 x2 + y2 is a+ b − a−b
_ (c) Let _ (a) We have, x = 45. If a + b = 5 and ab = 6, then 1 1 1
(a) 2 x + y (b) x + 2 y f( x ) = x ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3) ( x + 5) − 72 a+ b + a−b value of + + ? Q a 3 − b 3 = ( a − b ) ( a 2 + ab + b 2 ) 
a+ b − a−b what is the value of a3 + b3 ? x +1 y +1 z +1  a 3 + b 3 = ( a + b ) ( a 2 − ab + b 2 )
 
(c) 2 x − y (d) 4x − y = x ( x + 2 ) [x 2 + 8x + 15] − 72 ⇒ x=
= x[ x 3 + 8 x 2 + 15x + 2 x 2 + 16 x + 30 ]− 72 a+ b + a−b (a) 35 (b) 40 (a) − 1 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4 =
1
−
1
=
2a
_ (c) We have, (c) 90 (d) 125
= x ( x + 10x 2 + 31x + 30) − 72
3
a+ b − a−b x − a x + a x 2 − a2
a 3 − b 3 = ( a − b )( a 2 + ab + b 2 ) × _ (b) Given,
∴ 8x 3 − y 3 = (2 x )3 − ( y)3 = x 4 + 10x 3 + 31x 2 + 30x − 72 a+ b − a−b _ (a) We know that, y+ z =
2a
=−
32
x2 = y + z ⇒ x = …(i)
Clearly, f(1) = 0 ( a + b − a − b )2 a 3 + b 3 = ( a + b )3 − 3ab( a + b ) x  − 3a 
2
7a
= (2 x − y) ( 4x 2 + 2 xy + y 2 ) ⇒ x=   −a
2
∴ x − 1 is a factor of f( x ) (a + b ) − (a − b ) = ( 5)3 − 3 × 6 × 5 z+ x  4 
8x − y is divided by 2 xy + 4x + y ,
3 3 2 2 y2 = z + x ⇒ y = …(ii)
Also, f( − 6) = 0 = 125 − 90 = 35 y
then quotient = 2 x − y a + b + a − b − 2 a2 − b 2
∴( x + 6) is a factor of f( x ) ⇒ x=
2b
Basic Operation and Factorisation 67 68 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

( s − a )2 + ( s − b )2 + ( s − c )2 + s 2 (243)2 + ( 647 )2 + 2 × 243 × 647 59. If x = 21 / 3 + 2 −1 / 3 , then the value

2016 (I) ∴
a2 + b 2 + c 2 =
+ (243)2 + ( 647 )2 − 2 × 243 × 64 2015 (II) 2015 (I)
of 2 x3 − 6 x − 5 is equal to
(243)2 + ( 647 )2
 3s + a + b + c
2 2
 2 2
37 1
51. For what value of k is ( x + 1) a  [Q ( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab ] (a) 0 (b) 1 61. Which one of the following is
− 2 s ( a + b + c ) + s 2  63. If =2+ , where
=  2 [(243) + ( 647 )2 ]
2 (c) 2 (d) 3 correct? 13 1
factor of x3 + kx2 − x + 2 ? a2 + b 2 + c 2 = =2 x+
− 1/ 3 (a) ( x + 2 ) is a factor of 1
_ (a) Given, x = 2 +2
1/ 3
(a) 4 (b) 3 (243)2 + ( 647 ) 2 y+
4s + a + b + c − 2 s (2 s )
2 2 2 2
x 4 − 6x 3 + 12 x 2 − 24x + 32 z
(c) 1 (d) −2 = ∴ 2 x 3 − 6x − 5 = 2 (2 1/ 3 + 2 −1/ 3 )3
a2 + b 2 + c 2 57. If the polynomial (b) ( x + 2 ) is a factor of x, y, z are natural numbers, then
_ (d) Let f( x ) = x + kx − x + 2
3 2 − 6(2 1/ 3 + 2 − 1/ 3 ) − 5
a + b +c
2 2 2 x6 + px5 + qx4 − x2 − x − 3 is x 4 + 6x 3 − 12 x 2 + 24x − 32 what is z equal to?
If ( x + 1) is a factor of f( x ). = =1 = 2 [2 + 2 − 1 + 3 (2 1/ 3 + 2 − 1/ 3 )]
a2 + b 2 + c 2 divisible by ( x4 − 1), then the (c) ( x − 2 ) is a factor of (a) 1 (b) 2
− 6 (2 1/ 3 + 2 −1/ 3 ) − 5 x 4 − 6x 3 + 12 x 2 − 24x + 32 (c) 3
Then, f( −1) = 0 54. Let p and q be non-zero value of p2 + q2 is [Q( a + b )3 = a 3 + b 3 + 3ab( a + b )]
(d) ( x − 2 ) is a factor of (d) Cannot be determined due to
1
⇒ ( −1)3 + k( −1)2 − ( −1) + 2 = 0 integers. Consider the (a) 1 (b) 9 (c) 10 (d) 13 = 4 + 2 × + 6(2 1/ 3 + 2 − 1/ 3 ) x 4 + 6x 3 − 12 x 2 + 24x − 32 insufficient data
2
⇒ −1 + k + 1 + 2 = 0 polynomial A ( x) = x2 + px + q. _ (c) Let f( x ) = x + px + qx
6 5 4
_ (c) (a) Let4 _ (b)
37
=2+
1
− 6(2 1/ 3 + 2 − 1/ 3 ) − 5 1
⇒ k = −2 It is given that ( x − m) and p ( x ) = x − 6x 3 + 12 x 2 − 24x + 32 13 x+
− x2 − x − 3 = 4 + 1− 5 = 0 1
Now, p ( −2 ) = ( −2 )4 − 6( −2 )3 + 12( −2 )2 y+
61 1 ( x − km) are simple factors of A Q f( x ) is divisible by ( x 4 − 1).
52. If =3+ , where x, Alternate method − 24( −2 ) + 32 z
19 1 ( x), where m is a non-zero ∴ f(1) = f ( − 1) = 0
x+ 1 −1 = 16 − 6( −8) + 12( 4) + 48 + 32 ⇒
37
=2+
1
1 Now, f(1) = 1 + p + q − 1 − 1 − 3 = 0 x = +23 1
y+ integer and k is a positive 23 = 16 + 48 + 48 + 48 + 32 ≠ 0 13 x+
z ⇒ p+ q = 4 1
integer, k ≥ 2. Which one of the …(i) On cube both sides Hence, it is not a factor. y+
y and z are natural numbers, following is correct? and f( − 1) = 1 − p + q − 1 + 1 − 3 = 0 ( x )3 = (2 1/ 3 + 2 −1/ 3 )3 (b) Let
z
then z is equal to 11 1
(a) ( k + 1 )2 p2 = kq ⇒ q − p=2 …(ii) [Q ( a + b )3 = a 3 + b 3 + 3ab( a + b )] p ( x ) = x 4 + 6x 3 − 12 x 2 + 24x − 32 ⇒2 + =2+
13 1
(a) 1 (b) 2 (b) ( k + 1)2q = kp2 On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 3 3
Then, p ( −2 ) = ( −2 )4 + 6( −2 )3 − 12( −2 )2 x+
 1  −1   1  −1  1
(c) 3 (d) 4 q = 3 and p = 1 x 3 =  2 3  +  2 3  + 3 2 3  2 3  y+
(c) k 2q = ( k + 1 ) p2         + 24( −2 ) − 32 z
61 1 ∴ p2 + q 2 = 3 2 + 12 = 10        
_ (c) Given, = 3+
19 1 (d) k 2 p2 = ( k + 1 )2q = 16 − 48 − 48 − 48 − 32 ≠ 0 ⇒2 +
1
=2+
1
x+ a b c  1 − 
1
13 1
y+
1
_ (b) We have, A( x ) = x + px + q
2
58. If = = , then which of the 2 3 + 2 3  Hence, it is not a factor. x+
1
z b c d   (c) Let 11 y+
Q ( x − m) and ( x − km) are factors of A( x ),  
61 1 following is/are correct? p ( x ) = x 4 − 6x 3 + 12 x 2 − 24x + 32 z
⇒ −3= then m and km are roots of A( x ). x 3 = 2 1 + 2 −1 + 3 x [Q 2 1/ 3 + 2 −1/ 3 = x ] 1 1
19 x+
1 b3 + c3 + d3 d Then, p (2 ) = 2 4 − 6(2 )3 + 12(2 )2 ⇒2 + =2+
∴ m + km = − p = 2 1
yz + 1 1. x 3 − 3x = 2 +
1 1+ x+
⇒ m( k + 1) = − p a +b +c
3 3 3
a 2 − 24(2 ) + 32 11 1
z y+
−p = 16 − 48 + 48 − 48 + 32
4 1 ⇒ m= …(i) a2 + b2 + c2 a 2( x 3 − 3x ) = 5 z
⇒ = ( k + 1) 2. = = 48 − 48 = 0 1 1
19 x + z
b2 + c2 + d2 d 2 x 3 − 6x − 5 = 0 ⇒2 + =2+
and m ⋅ km = q It is a factor. 1 1
yz + 1 1+ x+
⇒ m 2k = q Select the correct answer using 60. If a3 = 117 + b3 and a = 3 + b, (d) Let 11
y+
1
4 yz + 1
⇒ = p2 the codes given below. then the value of a + b is (given p ( x ) = x 4 + 6x 3 − 12 x 2 + 24x − 32 2 z
19 xyz + x + z ⇒ ⋅k = q [from Eq. (i)]
1 1
( k + 1) 2 (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 that a > 0 and b > 0) Then, ⇒2 + =2+
⇒ 4xyz + 4x + 4 z = 19 yz + 19 p (2 ) = (2 )4 + 6(2 )3 − 12(2 )2 + 24 × 2 − 32 1 1
⇒ ( k + 1)2q = kp2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (a) 7 (b) 9 1+ x+
⇒ ( 4xy + 4 − 19 y) z = 19 − 4x a b c = 16 + 48 − 48 + 48 − 32 ≠ 0 5+
1
y+
1
19 − 4x 55. If the linear factors of _ (a) = = = k [say] (c) 11 (d) 13
2 z
⇒ z= b c d Hence, it is not a factor.
4xy + 4 − 19 y ax2 − (a2 + 1) x + a are p and q, ⇒ a = bk, b = ck, c = dk
_ (a) We have, Then,
a 3 − b 3 = 117 91
As x, y and z are natural numbers. then p + q is equal to ∴ a = dk 3, b = dk 2, c = dk
…(i) 62. If x = , then the value of x = 1, y = 5, z = 2 [Q on comparing]
Again, let x = 4 and y = 1 and (a − b ) = 3 …(ii) 216
(a) ( x − 1) ( a + 1) (b) ( x + 1) ( a + 1) b3 + c 3 + d 3 (dk 2 )3 + (dk )3 + d 3
1. = On cubing both sides of Eq. (ii), we get 3−
1
is 64. For what value of k is ( x − 5) a
Then, (c) ( x − 1) ( a − 1) (d) ( x + 1) ( a − 1) a3 + b 3 + c 3 (dk 3 )3 + (dk 2 )3 + (dk )3
19 − 4 × 4 19 − 16 ( a − b )3 = ( 3)3 (1 − x)1 / 3 factor of x3 − 3 x2 + kx − 10 ?
z= = =3 _ (a) Let f( x ) = ax − ( a + 1) x + a
2 2
4 × 4 × 1 + 4 − 19 × 1 20 − 19 d ( k + k + 1)
3 6 3
k + k +1
6 3
⇒ a 3 − b 3 − 3ab ( a − b ) = 27 9 5 4 4 (a) −8 (b) 4
= ax − x − a x + a
2 2 = = (a) (b) (c) (d)
which is a natural number. d 3( k 9 + k 6 + k 3 ) k 3( k 6 + k 3 + 1) ⇒ 117 − 3ab( 3) = 27 5 9 9 5 (c) 2 (d) 1
= x ( ax − 1) − a( ax − 1) = ( x − a )( ax − 1) 1 d
= = _ (a) Let p( x ) = x − 3x + kx − 10
91 3 2
53. If (s − a) + (s − b) + (s − c ) = s, If p and q are linear factors of f( x ), then
k3 a ⇒ 117 − 9ab = 27 _ (a) We have, x =
p = ( x − a ) and q = ( ax − 1) 216 Then, ( x − 5) is a factor of p( x ).
then the value of Hence, statement 1 is correct. ⇒ 9ab = 90 3
∴ p + q = ( x − a ) + ( ax − 1) 91 125  5  ∴ p( 5) = 0
a + b +c
2 2 2
(dk ) + (dk ) + (dk )
3 2 2 2 2 ⇒ ab = 10 ⇒ 1− x = 1− = = 
(s − a)2 + (s − b)2 + (s − c )2 + s2 = ( x − 1)( a + 1) = 216 216  6 
2. ⇒ 5 3 − 3( 5)2 + k × 5 − 10 = 0
b +c +d
2 2 2
(dk ) + (dk ) + d
2 2 2 2 Now, ( a + b )2 = ( a − b )2 + 4 ab
a2 + b2 + c 2 56. The value of the expression 1
5 1 6 ⇒ 125 − 75 + 5k − 10 = 0
d 2( k 6 + k 4 + k 2 ) ⇒ ( a + b )2 = ( 3)2 + 4(10) ⇒ (1 − x )3 = ⇒ =
= ⇒ 40 + 5k = 0
(243 + 647)2 + (243 − 647)2
1
will be ⇒ ( a + b )2 = 9 + 40 = 49 6 5
is d ( k + k + 1)
2 4 2
(1 − x )3 ⇒ k = −8
(a) 3 (b) 1 243 × 243 + 647 × 647 k 2( k 4 + k 2 + 1)
∴ (a + b ) = 7
(d) − 1 ∴ 3−
1 6 9
=3− = Hence, the value of k is −8.
(c) 0
equal to = [Q a > 0 and b > 0] 1
k4 + k2 + 1 5 5
_ (b) Given, ( s − a) + ( s − b ) + ( s − c ) = s (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3 (1 − x )3
b
⇒ 2 s = (a + b + c ) = k2 =
(243 + 647 )2 + (243 − 647 )2 d
_ (c)
243 × 243 + 647 × 647 Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
Basic Operation and Factorisation 69 70 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

65. The expression x3 q2 − x3 pt + Now, a 3 + b 6 = 6 3 + 2 6 = 2 3 × 3 3 + 2 6 2 a 2b + 2 b 3 − 2 a 2b + 2 b 3 Now, for terms to be perfect square, _ (b) Let f( x ) = 2 x + x − 2 x − 1
3 2
=
4 x pt − 4 x q + 3 xq − 3 xpt
2 2 2 2
= 2 3( 3 3 + 2 3 )
= 8(27 + 8) = 8 × 35 = 280
(a4 − b 4 ) 2014 (I) ( x + y)2 ( x + y)2 = x 2(2 x + 1 ) − 12
( x + 1)
4b 3 8b 7 = ( x + 2 x y + y ) ( x + y + 2 x y)
2 2 2 2
− 4 − 8 = (2 x + 1 )( x 2 − 1 )
is divisible by Hence, the value of a 3 + b 6 is 280. a + b4 a − b8
73. x + 6 x + 11x + 6 is divisible by
3 2
= x 4 + 2 x 3 y + x 2 y2 + x 2 y2 = (2 x + 1 )( x + 1 )( x − 1 )
(a) Only ( x − 1) 4b ( a + b ) − 4b ( a − b )
3 4 4 3 4 4
+ 2 x y 3 + y4
(b) Only ( x − 3) = (a) Only ( x + 1) So, expression is divisible by (2 x + 1).
( a 4 − b 4 )( a 4 + b 4 ) Only ( x + 2 ) + 2 x 3 y + 4x 2 y 2 + 2 x y 3
(c) Both ( x − 1) and ( x − 3)
(d) Neither ( x − 1) nor ( x − 3) 2014 (II) −
8b 7
(b)
(c) Only ( x + 3) = x + x y ( 4x + 6x y + 4 y ) + y …(ii)
4 2 2 4 77. If  x2 +
1  17
 = , then what is
a8 − b 8 (d) All of the above
 x2  4
_ (c) x q − x pt + 4x pt − 4x q
3 2 3 2 2 2
On comparing Eqs. (i) and (ii), as y = a
68. If ( x + k ) is the common factor  3 1 
_ (d) Let f( x ) = x + 6x + 11x + 6  x − 3  equal to?
3 2
+ 3xq 2 − 3xpt 4a 4 b 3 + 4b 7 − 4a 4 b 3 + 4b 7
= So, a 4 must be added to make it a  
of x2 + ax + b and x2 + cx + d, a8 − b 8 Now, by hit and trial, put x = − 1 perfect square.
x
= x 3q 2 − x 3 pt − 4x 2q 2 + 4x 2 pt 8b 7
then what is k equal to? − ∴ f( x ) = 0 (a)
75
(b)
63
+3xq 2 − 3xpt a8 − b 8 75. If 3 x4 − 2 x3 + 3 x2 − 2 x + 3 is 16 8
(a) (d − b)/(c − a) (b) (d − b)/(a − c) So, x = − 1 is a factor.
= x 3(q 2 − pt ) − 4x 2(q 2 − pt ) 7 7
(c) (d + b)/(c + a) (d) (d − b)/(c + a) =
8b
−
8b
=0 divided by (3 x + 2), then the (c)
95
(d) None of these
+3x(q 2 − pt ) x + 1 ) x 3 + 6x 2 + 11x + 6 ( x 2 + 5x + 6
a8 − b 8 a8 − b 8 remainder is 8
= ( x 3 − 4x 2 + 3x )(q 2 − pt )
_ (a) Given, x + k is the common factor of x3 + x2  2 1  17
x + ax + b and x + cx + d .
2 2
71. If ax + by − 2 = 0 and axby = 1, − − (a) 0 (b)
185
(c)
181
(d)
3 _ (b) Given,  x + 2  =
= x( x 2 − 4x + 3)(q 2 − pt ) 5x 2 + 11x + 6 27 25 4 x 4
∴ k 2 − ka + b = 0
where a ≠ 0 , b ≠ 0 , then what is 5x 2 + 5x ⇒
1
x + 2 + 2 −2 =
2 17
= x ( x 2 − 3x − x + 3)(q 2 − pt ) and k 2 − kc + d = 0 − − _ (b) 3x + 2 ) 3x − 2 x + 3x − 2 x + 3 (
4 3 2
(a2 x + b2 y) equal to? x 4
= x [x ( x − 3) − 1 ( x − 3)](q 2 − pt ) Then, k 2 − ka + b = k 2 − kc + d 6x + 6 4 17 52
(a) a + b (b) 2 ab x3 − x2 + x−  1
2
17
= x ( x − 3)( x − 1)(q 2 − pt ) ⇒ k (c − a ) = d − b 6x + 6 3 9 27 ⇒ x −  + 2 =
(c) a 3 + b 3 (d) a 4 + b 4 − −  x 4
d−b 3x + 2 x
4 3
Hence, the given expression is divisible ∴ k= × 2
by ( x − 1) and ( x − 3). c−a _ (a) Given, ax + by − 2 = 0 ⇒ ax + by = 2 ∴ f( x ) = ( x + 1 )( x 2 + 5x + 6 )
− −
⇒
 1
x −  =
17
−2
− 4x 3 + 3x 2 − 2 x + 3  x 4
On squaring both sides, we get = ( x + 1 )( x 2 + 3x + 2 x + 6 )
66. If x + y + z = 0, then 69. What is the remainder when ( ax + by)2 = (2 )2 8 2
x5 − 5 x2 + 125 is divided by = ( x + 1 )( x + 2 )( x + 3 ) − 4x 3 − x 2  1 9
⇒ x −  =
x3 + y3 + z 3 − 3 xyz is equal to ⇒ a 2x 2 + b 2 y 2 + 2 axby = 4 Hence, ( x + 1 ), ( x + 2 ) and ( x + 3 ) are + +
3  x 4
( x + 5)? ⇒ a x + b 2 y 2 + 2 = 4 [Q axby = 1 ]
2 2
the factors of f( x ). 17 2
(a) 0 (b) 6xyz (c) 12 xyz (d) xyz x − 2x + 3  1 3
(a) 0 (b) 125 ⇒ a 2x 2 + b 2 y 2 = 2 3 ⇒ x −  =
_ (a)Q x + y + z − 3xyz = ( x + y + z)
3 3 3
(c) − 3125 (d) 3125 74. What should be added to  x 2
⇒ a 2x 2 = 1 and b 2 y 2 = 1 17 2 34
( x + y + z − xy − yz − zx )
2 2 2 x ( x + a) ( x + 2 a) x + x [Q taking square root of both sides]
_ (c) Let f( x ) = x − 5x + 125
5 2
⇒ ax = 1 and by = 1 3 9
Given, x+ y+ z = 0 1 1 ( x + 3 a), so that the sum must be − − On cubing both sides, we get
∴ Required remainder = f ( − 5) ⇒ x = and y = 52 x
∴ x 3 + y 3 + z3 − 3xyz = 0 a perfect square? − + 3 3 3
= ( −5)5 − 5 ( − 5 2 ) + 125 a b  1  3
Hence, the value of x 3 + y 3 + z3 − 3xyz (a) 9 a2 9 x −  =  
= − 3125 − 125 + 125 = − 3125
2 1
∴ a x + b y = a ⋅ + b2 ⋅ = a + b
2 2 1
52 x 104  x 2
is zero. a b (b) 4a 2 − −
1 1 a4 9 27 1 1  1  27
70. What is −
(c) + + ⇒ x3 − −3× ⋅ xx −  =
67. If a − b = 4 and a2 + b2 = 40 , 72. Consider the following statements x3 x  x 8
a−b a+b (d) None of the above 185
where a and b are positive 3 1. (a − b − c ) is one of the _ (c) x ( x + a) ( x + 2 a) ( x + 3a) 27 1 27 3
integers, then a3 + b6 is equal to 2b 4b 8 b7 factors of 3 abc + b3 + c 3 − a3 . ⇒ x3 − = + 3×
− 2 − − = ( x 2 + a x ) ( x 2 + 5ax + 6a 2 ) 185 x3 8 2
a + b2 a4 + b4 a8 − b8 ∴ Required remainder =
(a) 264 (b) 280 2. (b + c − 1) is one of the factors 27 1 27 9
(c) 300 (d) 324 = x 4 + ax 3 + 5ax 3 + 5a 2x 2 ⇒ x3 − = +
equal to? of 3 bc + b3 + c 3 − 1. + 6 a 2x 2 + 6 a 3x x3 8 2
a−b = 4 (a) a + b (b) a − b (c) 1
76. The expression 2 x3 + x2 − 2 x − 1
_ (b) Given, …(i) (d) 0 1 63
Which of the above = x 4 + ax ( x 2 + 5x 2 + 5ax is divisible by ∴ x3 − =
On squaring both sides, we get 1 1 2b x3
_ (d) − − 2 statement(s) is/are correct? + 6ax + 6a 2 ) 8
( a − b ) = ( 4)
2 2
a−b a+ b a + b 2
(a) x + 2 (b) 2 x + 1
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 = x + ax ( 6x
4 2
+ 11ax + 6a )2
…(i) (c) x − 2 (d) 2 x − 1
⇒ a 2 + b 2 − 2 ab = 16 4b 3 8b 7
− − 8 (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
⇒ 40 − 2 ab = 16 a4 + b 4 a − b8
_ (c) 1. We have, 3abc + b + c − a
3 3 3
[Q a 2 + b 2 = 40] (a + b ) − (a − b ) 2b
= − 2 = − ( a 3 − b 3 − c 3 − 3abc )
⇒ 2 ab = 40 − 16 ( a − b )( a + b ) a + b2
⇒ 2 ab = 24 3 = − [a + ( − b ) + ( −c ) − 3( a )( − b )( −c )]
3 3 3
4b 8b 7
− 4 − = − ( a − b − c )( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + ab
⇒ ab = 12 a + b 4 a8 − b 8
− bc + ac )
Q a+ b = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab 2b 2b
= 2 − So, ( a − b − c ) is a factor of
= 40 + 2 × 12 a − b 2 a2 + b 2
3abc + b + c 3 − a 3.
3
= 40 + 24 = 64 = 8 4b 3 8b 7
− 4 − 8 Hence, Statement 1 is correct.
∴ a+ b = 8 …(ii) a + b4 a − b8
2. Now, 3bc + b 3 + c 3 − 1
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 2 b (a2 + b 2 ) − 2 b (a2 − b 2 )
= = b 3 + c 3 − ( 1 )3 − 3bc( −1 )
2 a = 12
( a 2 − b 2 )( a 2 + b 2 ) = ( b + c − 1 )[b 2 + c 2 + 12 − bc + c + b ]
⇒ a=6
4b 3 8b 7 So, ( b + c − 1 ) is a factor of
On putting the value of a in Eq. (i), we − −
a4 + b 4 a8 − b 8 3bc + b 3 + c 3 − 1 .
get
6− b = 4 ⇒ b = 2 Hence, Statement 2 is also correct.
 72 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

remaining to his mother, who is On subtracting Eqs. (ii) from (i), we get,
2018 (II) still alive. The mother now owns x + y=3 …(iv)

14 5. A person bought two articles X

and Y from a departmental
store. The sum of prices before
sales tax was ` 130. There was
no sales tax on the article X and
` 88000 worth of the property.
The total worth of the property
of Mr. Sharma was
(a) ` 100000
(c) ` 128000
(b) ` 124000
(d) ` 132000
_ (c) Let total property of Mr. Sharma be
On solving Eqs. (iii) and (iv), we get

∴
x = 2, y = 1
x y = 2 × 1= 2

10. At present the average of the

ages of father and a son is 25 yr.
9% sales tax on the article Y . ` 16x After 7 yr the son will be 17 yr

LINEAR EQUATIONS IN ONE The total amount the person After Mr. Sharma’s death
old. What will be the age of the
paid, including the sales tax was father after 10 yr?
Property of Mrs. Sharma = 8x
` 136.75. What was the price of (a) 44 yr (b) 45 yr (c) 50 yr (d) 52 yr
Property of Ravi and Raj = 4x and 4x
the article Y before sales tax ? _ (c) Given, age of son after 7 yr = 17 yr

AND TWO VARIABLES

After Ravi’s death
(a) ` 75 (b) ` 85 (c) ` 122 (d) ` 125
Property of Raj = 4x + 2 x = 6x Present age of son = (17 − 7 ) yr = 10 yr
_ (a) Let the cost of article X and Y before After Raj’s death Let present age of father be x yr
sales tax be ` x and ` y, respectively.
Property of Mrs. Sharma = 8x + 3x = 11x ∴According to the question
According to the question, 10 + x
Now, according to the question, = 25
x − 5 = 3( y − 5) ⇒ x − 5 = 3 y − 15 an = a + ( n − 1) d x + y = 130 …(i) 2
11x = 88000
2019 (II) 3 y − x = 10 …(i) 93 = 2 + ( n − 17
) Now, after 9% sales tax on item Y
or x = 8000
⇒ x = 50 − 10 = 40 yr
109 Hence, age of father after 10 yr
One year ago, n − 1 = 13 x+ y = 13675
. ∴Property of Mr. Sharma
1. If the sum of a real number and Age of Radha = x − 1 n = 14
100 = ( 40 + 10) yr
26 = 16 × 8000
its reciprocal is
, then how 100x + 109 y = 13675 …(ii) = 50 yr
Age of Rani = y − 1 There are 14 number of ways by which a = ` 128000
5 person can by apples and oranges. On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
According to the question, 11. ` 120 is distributed among A, B
many such numbers are x = 55 8. X bought 4 bottles of lemon
possible? x − 1 = 2( y − 1)
y = 75 juice and Y bought one bottle of and C so that A’s share is ` 20
(a) None (b) One ⇒ x − 1= 2y − 2 2019 (I) ∴Cost of item Y before sales tax ` 75. orange juice. Orange juice per more than B’s and ` 20 less than
(c) Two (d) Four ⇒ 2y − x = 1 …(ii) C’s. What is B’s share?
bottle costs twice the cost of
On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 4. Priya’s age was cube of an 6. The solution of linear lemon juice per bottle. Z bought (a) ` 10 (b) ` 15 (c) ` 20 (d) ` 25
_ (b) Let the number be x.
1 y = 9, x = 17 integral number (different from inequalities x + y ≥ 5 and nothing but contributed ` 50 for
Reciprocal of number = x − y ≤ 3 lies _ (c) Let B’s share be ` x
x ∴Required difference = 17 − 9 = 8 yr 1) four years ago and square of his share of the drink which
an integral number after four ∴A's share = `( x + 20)
According to the question, (a) Only in the first quadrant they mixed together and shared
3. A person carries ` 500 and years. How long should she wait (b) In the first and second quadrants and C's share (120 − x − x − 20)
1 26 the cost equally. If Z’s ` 50 is
x + = wants to buy apples and oranges so that her age becomes square (c) In the second and third quadrants = ` (100 − 2 x )
x 5 out of it. If the cost of one apple covered from his share, then
of a number in the previous year (d) In the third and fourth quadrants
what is the cost of one bottle of But, A's share is `20 less than C's share
x 2 + 1 26 is ` 5 and the cost of one orange
⇒ = and cube of a number in the _ (b) We have, ∴ x + 20 = 100 − 2 x − 20
x 5 is ` 7, then what is the number orange juice?
next year? x + y≥ 5 ⇒ x + 20 = 80 − 2 x
⇒ 5( x 2 + 1) = 26x of ways in which a person can (a) ` 75 (b) ` 50 (c) ` 46 (d) ` 30
(a) 7 yr (b) 12 yr (c) 14 yr (d) 21 yr x − y≤ 3
and ⇒ 3x = 60
⇒ 5x 2 + 5 − 26x = 0 buy both apples and oranges _ (b) Let the cost of 1 bottle of lemon juice
using total amount? _ (c) Let say Priya age 4 yr ago = x yr The graph of linear equalities are below be ` x or x = 20
⇒ 5x 2 − 25x − x + 5 = 0
Current age = x + 4 yr ∴ B’s share = `20
⇒ 5x ( x − 5) − 1( x − 5) = 0 (a) 10 (b) 14 (c) 15 (d) 17 Y ∴Cost of 1 bottle of orange juice = ` 2 x
Age after 4 yr= x + 4 + 4 = x + 8
⇒ ( 5x − 1)( x − 5) = 0 Total share = ` 50 × 3 = ` 150 12. At present the average of the
_ (b) Let there are x number of apples and y x is cube and x + 8 is an square (0, 5) x–y=3
1 number of oranges ∴ 4x + 2 x = 150 ages of a father and a son is
∴ x = 5, x = 8 and 16 are possible solution. 150
5 So, 5x + 7 y = 500 or x = = 25 25 yr. After 7 yr the son will be
Cube ( x )3 : 8, 27, 64, 125 XN X 6
Now, we have to check for x = 1, 2 , … (3, 0) 5, 0 17 yr old. What will be the age
2. Radha and Rani are sisters. Five ( x 3 + 8) : 16, 35, 72, 133 0, –3 ∴Cost of 1 bottle of orange juice
When, x =2 x+y=5 of the father after 10 yr?
years back, the age of Radha Square : 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100 = 25 × 2 = ` 50
10 + 7 × y = 500 (a) 44 yr (b) 45 yr (c) 50 yr (d) 52 yr
was three times that of Rani, is square YN
but one year back the age of y = 70 So, x = 8 and x + 8 = 16 Clearly, from graph solution lies in first _ (c) Given,
Radha was two times that of When, x = 9 So, present age = 12 yr
and second quadrants. 2018 (I) Age of son after 7 yr = 17 yr
Rani. What is the age difference 45 + 7 y = 500 Present age of son = (17 − 7 ) yr
Her age becomes square of the number 7. According to Mr. Sharma’s will,
between them? y = 65 in the previous year and cube or the half of his property goes to his 9. If 65 x − 33 y = 97 and = 10 yr
(a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 10 (d) 11 Similarly, we can go ahead and find all number in next year.
wife and the rest in equally 33 x − 65 y = 1, then what is xy Let present age of father be x yr
the ways or we can check at which value ⇒ Cube = square +2 equal to? ∴ According to the question,
_ (a) Let the present age of Radha be x divided between his two sons,
and Rani be y. of y oranges will be minimum. Cube = 27 (c) −2 (d) −3 10 + x
Ravi and Raj. Some years later, (a) 2 (b) 3 = 25
Five years ago, For y = 5, x (s) will be minimum Square = 25
Ravi dies and leaves half of his _ (a) 65x − 33 y = 97 …(i) 2
Age of Radha = x − 5 5x + 35 = 900 Age = 26 yr ⇒ x = 50 − 10 = 40 yr.
property to his brother Raj.
x = 93 26 − 12 = 14 yr 33x − 65 y = 1 …(ii) Hence, age of father after 10 yr
Age of Rani = y − 5
Then, she has to wait for 14 yr When Raj dies has leaves half of On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
According to the question, This forms an arithmetic series, where = ( 40 + 10) yr = 50 yr.
a = 2, d = 9 − 2 = 7 and an = 93 Option (c) is correct. his property to his widow and x − y=1 …(iii)
Linear Equations in One and Two Variables 73 74 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

13. A gentleman left a sum of x x We have, kx + 3 y + 1 = 0 _ (c) Let the age of Leela at her marriage ⇒ 8x −
x
= 2016 According to the question,
_ (c) Let the three parts are x, and
` 39,000 to be distributed after 3 6 2x + y + 3 = 0 was x yr. 8 10x + y = k( x + y) …(i)
x x ∴Present age of Leela = ( x + 6) yr 63x
his death among his widow, five ∴ x + + = 78 k 3
For unique solution, ≠ ⇒ k≠6 ⇒ = 2016 and 10 y + x = m( x + y) …(ii)
3 6 2 1 8
sons and four daughters. If each According to the question, On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
6x + 2 x + x 2016 × 8
son receives 3 times as much as ⇒ = 78 5 ∴ x = = 256 11( x + y) = ( k + m) ( x + y)
6 18. Sunil wants to spend ` 200 on x+6= x 63
a daughter receives and each two types of sweets, costing ` 7
4 ⇒ k + m = 11 ⇒ m = 11 − k
daughter receives twice as ⇒ 9x = 78 × 6 1
⇒ x =6
much as their mother receives, x =
78 × 6
= 52
and ` 10 repectively. What is
the maximum number of sweets
4 2016 (I) 26. The annual incomes of two
then what is the widow’s share? 9 ⇒ x = 24 persons are in the ratio 9 : 7 and
he can get so that no money is their expenses are in the ratio
(a) ` 1,000 (b) ` 1,200 ∴
x
Middle part = =
52 ∴ Present age of Leela = (24 + 6) = 30 yr 23. The value of k, for which the
left over? 4 : 3. If each of them saves
(c) ` 1,500 (d) None of these 3 3 1 system of equations
(a) 25 (b) 26 (c) 27 (d) 28 ∴Leela’s son age = Age of Leela
10 3 x − ky − 20 = 0 and ` 2000 per year, then what is
_ (a) Let the share which mother receives
be ` x _ (b) Let the number of sweets purchased at 1 6 x − 10 y + 40 = 0 has no the difference in their annual
∴ Share of each daughter = `2 x
2017 (I) the rate ` 7 and ` 10 be x and y =
10
× 30 = 3 yr
solution, is incomes?
respectively.
and share of each son = ` 6x (a) 10 (b) 6 (a) ` 4000 (b) ` 4500
x 24 y ∴According to the question, (c) 5 (d) 3 (c) ` 5000 (d) ` 5500
16. If = + and x + y = 26,
According to the question,
x + 5 × 6x + 4 × 2 x = 39000
y 5 x 7 x + 10 y = 200 ⇒ y = 20 −
7
10
x 2016 (II) a1 b c
_ (c) For no solution, = 1 ≠ 1 _ (a) Let annual incomes of two persons be
a2 b 2 c 2 9x and 7 x and expenses be 4 y and 3 y,
⇒ x + 30x + 8x = 39000 then what is the value of xy? For maximum value of number of respectively.
21. The cost of 2.5 kg rice is ` 125. Here, a1 = 3 , b1 = − k, c1 = −20
⇒ 39x = 39000 (a) 5 (b) 15 (c) 25 (d) 30 sweets, the number of sweets of lower Then, according to the question,
cost must be greater than number of The cost of 9 kg rice is equal to a2 = 6,b 2 = −10, c 2 = 40
39000 x 24 y 9x − 4 y = 2000
∴ x = = 1000 _ (c) We have, = + sweets at higher cost. i.e. x > y that of 4 kg pulses. The cost of 3 −k −20 …(i)
39 y 5 x ∴ = ≠
14 kg pulses is equal to that of 6 −10 and 7 x − 3 y = 2000 …(ii)
∴ Mother’s (widow's) share = `1000 For x > y, x must be multiple of 10 i.e. 40
x 1.5 kg tea. The cost of 2 kg tea 3 × 10 From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
Let = z 10, 20, 30, 40, …
⇒ k= =5
y For x ≥ 30, y is negative is equal to that of 5 kg nuts. 6 9x − 4 y = 7 x − 3 y
24 1 ∴ x = 20 ⇒ y = 2x
2017 (II) ∴ z=
5
+
z 7
What is the cost of 11 kg nuts? 24. There are three brothers. The
∴ y = 20 − × 20 = 6 (a) ` 2310 (b) ` 3190(c) ` 4070 (d) ` 4620 sums of ages of two of them at a On putting the value of y in Eq. (i), we
24 z + 5 10 get
14. Five years ago, Ram was three ⇒ z= time are 4 yr, 6 yr and 8 yr. The
5z ∴Maximum number of sweets = 20 + 6 _ (d) We have, cost of 2.5 kg rice = ` 125 9x − 8x = 2000 ⇒ x = ` 2000
times as old as Shyam. Four = 26 125 age difference between the
⇒ 5 z − 24 z − 5 = 0
2
∴Cost of 1 kg rice = = ` 50 …(i) ∴ Difference between their annual incomes
years from now, Ram will be 2.5 eldest and the youngest is
⇒ 5 z − 25 z + z − 5 = 0
2
19. The system of equations = 9x − 7 x = 2 x = ` 4000
only twice as old as Shyam. Let r, p, t , n be the cost of rice, pulse, tea (a) 3 yr (b) 4 yr
⇒ 5 z( z − 5) + 1( z − 5) = 0 2 x + 4 y = 6 and 4 x + 8 y = 8 is and nuts respectively. (c) 5 yr (d) 6 yr p q q p
What is the present age of ⇒ ( z − 5)( 5 z + 1) = 0 27. If + = m and + = n, then
(a) consistent with a unique solution 9r = 4 p x y x y
Ram? 1 (b) consistent with infinitely many
Given, …(ii) _ (b) Let the ages of three brothers be a, b
⇒ z = 5 or − 14 p = 1. 5t …(iii) and c. x
(a) 30 yr (b) 32 yr (c) 36 yr (d) 40 yr 5 solutions what is equal to?
(c) inconsistent and 2t = 5n …(iv) Then, a + b = 4, b + c = 6 y
_ (b) Let the present age of Shyam be x yr x 1
⇒ = 5 or − (d) None of the above and c + a = 8
and age of Ram be y yr. Then according y 5
From Eqs. (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get np + mq np + mq
(a) (b)
_ (c) We have, 2 x + 4 y = 6  14 9  42 On solving these three equations, we mp + nq mp − nq
to question,
x  x 1 2 ×  r = 5n ⇒ n = r
⇒ =5 ≠−   15
. 4 5 get np − mq np − mq
( y − 5) = 3( x − 5) Q and 4x + 8 y = 8 (c) (d)
y  y 5
∴Cost of 1 kg nuts a = 3, b = 1 mp − nq mp + nq
y − 5 = 3x − 15 ∴ a1 = 2, b1 = 4, c1 = ( −6)
⇒ x = 25 y …(i) 42 and c=5
⇒ 3x − y = 10 …(i) and a2 = 4, b 2 = 8, c 2 = −8 = Cost of kg of rice p q q p
Again, we have x + y = 26 5 ∴ Age difference between eldest and _ (c) Given, + = m and + = n
and ( y + 4) = 2( x + 4) Now,
a1 2 1 b1
= = , = =
4 1 42
x y x y
⇒ 25 y + y = 26 [from Eq. (i)] = × 50 = ` 420 youngest
⇒ y + 4 = 2x + 8 a2 4 2 b 2 8 2 5 1 1
⇒ 26 y = 26 = 5 − 1 = 4 yr Let = u and =v
and 2 x − y = −4 …(ii) c1 −6 3 [From eq. (i)] x y
⇒ y=1 = =
On subtracting Eq. (i) from Eq. (ii), c 2 −8 4 So, the cost of 11 kg nuts = ` 420 × 11 25. Let a two digits number be k Then, pu + qv = m …(i)
we get ∴ x = 25 a1 b1 c1 = ` 4620 times the sum of its digits. If the
Since = ≠ and qu + pv = n …(ii)
x = 14 ∴ xy = 25 × 1 = 25 a2 b 2 c 2 number formed by
22. In an examination, a student interchanging the digits is m On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
On substituting x = 14 in Eq. (ii), 17. The pair of linear equations ∴ System of equation is inconsistent. was asked to divide a certain times the sum of the digits, then mp − nq
we get kx + 3 y + 1 = 0 and 2 x + y + 3 = 0 number by 8. By mistake he u = 2
20. Leela got married 6 yr ago. the value of m is p − q2
2 × 14 − y = −4 intersect each other, if multiplied it by 8 and got the
1 (a) 9 − k (b) 10 − k mq − np
⇒ 28 − y = −4 (a) k = 6 (b) k ≠ 6 (c) k = 0 (d) k ≠ 0 Today her age is 1 times her answer 2016 more than the (c) 11 − k (d) k − 1 and v =
4 correct answer. What was the q 2 − p2
Thus, present age of Ram is 32 yr. _ (b) For the system of linear equations age at the time of her marriage. number? _ (c) Let the unit’s place digit be y and ten’s x 1/u
15. If 78 is divided into 3 parts a1x + b1 y + c1 = 0 place digit be x. ∴ =
a 2x + b 2 y + c 2 = 0
1 (a) 252 (b) 256
Then, number = 10x + y
y 1/ v
which are proportional to 1, 1, 1, and Her son’s age is times her (c) 258 (d) 260
3 6 Has unique solution 10 Now, after interchanging the digits, v − ( mq − np) np − mq
= = =
then the middle part is a1 b age. What is the present age of _ (b) Let x be the number, then New number = 10 y + x and sum of u mp − nq mp − nq
=/ 1 x
28 52 55 a2 b 2 her son? 8x = + 2016 digits = x + y
(a) (b) 13 (c) (d) 8
3 3 3 (a) 1 yr (b) 2 yr (c) 3 yr (d) 4 yr
Linear Equations in One and Two Variables 75 76 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

x 10 y 31. A number consists of two digits, Here, we substitute the different integer 38. The sum of two positive Now, 5 yr ago
28. If
y
=
3
−
x
and x − y = 8,
whose sum is 7. If the digits are values of x, we do not get an integer 2014 (I) numbers x and y is 2.5 times Ravi’s father age = 7 × Ravi’s age
value of y.
reversed, the number is their difference. If the product ⇒ 4x − 5 = 7( x − 5)
then the value of xy is equal to 36. Two chairs and one table cost
increased by 27. The product of of numbers is 84, then what is ⇒ 4x − 5 = 7 x − 35
(a) 36 (b) 24 (c) 16 (d) 9 digits of the number is 2014 (II) ` 700 and 1 chair and 2 tables the sum of those two numbers? ⇒ 3x = 30
cost ` 800. If the cost m tables
_ (d) We have, x − y = 8 …(i) (a) 6 (b) 8 (c) 10 (d) 12 and m chairs is ` 30000, then
(a) 26 (b) 24 (c) 22 (d) 20 ∴ x = 10
34. A certain number of two digits ∴ Ravi’s present age = x = 10 yr
and
x
=
10
−
y
_ (c) Let the number be 10x + y. is three times the sum of its what is m equal to? _ (d) According to the question,
y 3 x ( x + y) = 2.5 ( x − y) Ravi’s father’s present age
We have, x + y=7 …(i) digits. If 45 is added to the (a) 60 (b) 55 (c) 50 (d) 45
x y 10 10 y + x = 10x + y + 27 ⇒ x + y = 2 . 5x − 2 . 5 y = 4x = 4 × 10 = 40 yr
⇒ + = and number, then the digits will be _ (a) Let the cost of chair be x and the cost
y x 3 ⇒ 9 y − 9x = 27 reversed. What is the sum of the of table be y, then ⇒ 3 . 5 y = 1. 5x
41. A bus starts with some
( x ) + ( y)
2 2
10 y−x =3 …(ii) squares of the two digits of the 2 x + y = 700 ...(i) ⇒
x 7
= ...(i) passengers. At the first stop,
⇒ = y 3
xy 3 On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get y = 5 number? and x + 2 y = 800 ...(ii) one-fifth of the passengers gets
and x = 2 On multiplying Eq. (ii) by 2 and Now, x y = 84
10 (a) 41 (b) 45 (c) 53 (d) 64 down and 40 passengers get in.
⇒ x+ y= xy subtracting it from Eq. (i), we get 7 84 × 3
∴Number = 10 × 2 + 5 = 20 + 5 = 25 ⇒ y × y = 84 ⇒ y 2 = At the second stop half of the
3 _ (c) Let the two digits number be 10x + y. 3 7
∴Product of digits of number 2 x + y = 700 passengers gets down and 30 get
On squaring both sides, we get According to the question,
2 x + 4 y = 1600 ⇒ y 2 = 12 × 3 = 36 in. The number of passengers
100 = 2 × 5 = 10 − − −
( x + y)2 = xy 10x + y = 3 ( x + y) 7
9 ∴ y = 6 ⇒ x = × 6 = 14 now is 70. The number of
⇒ 10x + y − 3x − 3 y = 0 − 3 y = − 900 ⇒ y = 300 3
100 passengers with which the bus
⇒ ( x − y)2 + 4xy = ∴ x = 800 − 600 = 200
9
xy
2015 (I) ⇒ 7x − 2 y = 0 ...(i) [From Eq. (i)] started was.
[Q( x + y)2 = ( x − y)2 + 4xy] and (10x + y) + 45 = 10 y + x Since, the number of chairs and tables ∴ Sum of numbers (a) 40 (b) 50
32. A student was asked to multiply are m to be purchased for ` 30000.
 100  ⇒ 10x + y + 45 − 10 y − x = 0 = x + y = 14 + 6 = 20 (c) 60 (d) 70
⇒ ( 8)2 =  − 4 x y [from Eq. (i)] a number by 25. He instead ∴ 200 m + 300 m = 30000
 9  ⇒ 9x − 9 y + 45 = 0
multiplied the number by 52 30000 39. A positive number, when _ (b) Let bus starts with x number of
64 ⇒ x − y= −5 ...(ii) ⇒ m= ⇒ m = 60 passengers.
∴ 64 = x y ⇒ xy = 9 and got the answer 324 more 500 increased by 10 equals 200
9 On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get After 1st stoppage, number of
than the correct answer. The times its reciprocal. What is
number to be multiplied was x = 2 and y = 7 37. Ravi’s brother is 3 yr elder to number? passengers
∴ Sum of the squares of digits him. His father was 28 yr of x 5x − x + 200
= x − + 40 =
2015 (II) (a) 12 (b) 15 (c) 25 (d) 32
= (2 )2 + (7 )2 age when his sister was born
(a) 100
(c) 20
(b) 10
(d) 200
5 5
_ (a) Let x be the required number. while his mother was 26 yr of 4x + 200
4 = 4 + 49 = 53 =
29. A tin of oil was full. When ∴ 52 x − 25x = 324 age when he was born. If his _ (b) Let the positive number be x. 5
5 324 35. How many pairs of positive Then, according to the question,
⇒ 27 x = 324 ⇒ x = = 12 sister was 4 yr of age when his After 2nd stoppage, number of
6 bottles of oil were taken out 27 integers m and n satisfy the 200
brother was born, the ages of x + 10 = ⇒ x 2 + 10x = 200 passengers
from this tin and 4 bottles of oil Hence, the required number is 12. 1 4 1 x 4x + 200 4x + 200
3 equation + = , where n is Ravi’s father and mother, = − + 30
were poured into it, it was full. 33. Consider the following m n 12 respectively when his brother ⇒ x 2 + 10x − 200 = 0 5 5×2
4 statements an odd integer less than 60? was born, were ⇒ ( x − 10)( x + 20) = 0 4x + 200 4x + 200
⇒ − + 30 = 70
Oil of how many bottles can the (a) 7 (b) 5 (c) 4 (d) 3 ∴ x = 10, − 20 5 10
I. The equation (a) 32 yr and 23 yr
tin contain? (All bottles are of But x ≠ − 20, since x is a positive 4x + 200  1
1990 x − 173 y = 11 has no _ (d) Given equation, (b) 32 yr and 29 yr ⇒  1 −  30 = 70
+
equal volume) (c) 35 yr and 29 yr number. 5  2
solution in integers for x and y. 1 4 1
(a) 35 (b) 40 (c) 45 (d) 50 + = (d) 35 yr and 33 yr So, the required number is 10. 4x + 200  2 − 1
II. The equation 3 x − 12 y = 7 has m n 12 ⇒   = 40
_ (a) When Ravi was born his mother’s age 5  2 
_ (b) Let a tin of oil contain x bottles of oil. no solution in integers for x ⇒ 12( n + 4 m) = mn 40. The present age of Ravi’s father
According to the question, and y. is 26 yr and his elder brother is 3 yr elder to
is 4 times Ravi’s present age. 4x + 200 1
⇒ 12 n + 48 m = mn him. ⇒ × = 40
4 6 4 3 Which of the above 5 yr back, Ravi’s father was 5 2
− + = ∴ Mother’s age when, brother was born
5 x x 4 ⇒ m( 48 − n) = − 12 n seven times as old as Ravi was at 4x + 200
statement(s) is/are correct? ⇒ = 40
4 3 6 4 = 26 − 3 = 23 yr 10
⇒ − = − (a) Only I (b) Only II ⇒ m( n − 48) = 12 n that time. What is the present
5 4 x x (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II 12 n Ravi’s father was 28 yr of age when his age of Ravi’s father? ⇒ 4x + 200 = 400
1 2 ∴ m= …(i) sister was born and his sister was 4 yr of
⇒ = ⇒ x = 40 n − 48 (a) 84 yr (b) 70 yr (c) 40 yr (d) 35 yr ⇒ 4x = 200
20 x _ (c) I. Given, 1990x − 173 y = 11 age when his brother was born.
200
Now, as m and n are positive integers, ∴ x = = 50
∴ A tin contains 40 bottles. Let x be an integer.
therefore n > 48.
∴ Age of father when brother was born _ (c) Let present age of Ravi be x. 4
∴ 173 y = 1990x − 11 = 28 + 4 = 32 yr ∴ Present age of Ravi’s father = 4x
30. The number of pairs (x, y), 1990x − 11
But n is an odd integer less than 60,
where x, y are integers satisfying ⇒ y= therefore possible values of n = 49, 51,
173 53, 55, 57 and 59.
the equation 21x + 48 y = 5, is
Here, we substitute the different integer But on putting n = 53, 55 and 59 in
(a) Zero (b) One (c) Two (d) Infinity values of x, we do not get an integer Eq. (i), we get the non-integer values
_ (a) 21x + 48 y = 5 ⇒ 3 (7 x + 16 y) = 5 value of y. of m.
If x, y are integer, then LHS of the above II. Given, 3x − 12 y = 7 On putting n = 49, 51 and 57, we get the
equation is multiple of 3, but the RHS of Let x be an integer. value of m = 588, 204 and 76,
above equation is not multiple of 3. ∴ 12 y = 3x − 7 respectively.
∴ There is no any integral values of x 3x − 7 Hence, there are three possible pairs of
⇒ y= m and n that satisfy the equation.
and y exist. 12
 78 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

To make the expression

1 On putting these value in polynomial Let 3 x = y, then
x 2 + 5x + 10 (1)2 + a(1) + b = R [remainder] ⇒ 9y +
1
= 10

15 maximum, then we must minimize the

value of denominator.
To minimize denominator of expression

 5
x +  +
 2
1


2
15
4
, we can take x = −
2
5
a + b + 1= R
( − 1)2 + a( − 1) + b = R
b − a + 1= R
Eq. (iii) is equal to Eq. (iv), we get
a + b + 1= b − a + 1
2a = 0
…(iii)

…(iv)
⇒ 2
y
9 y + 1 = 10 y
⇒ 9 y 2 − 10 y + 1 = 0
⇒ 9 y2 − 9 y − y + 1 = 0
⇒ 9 y( y − 1) − 1( y − 1) = 0
⇒ ( y − 1) ( 9 y − 1) = 0
The maximum value of expression will a=0 ∴ y = 1,
1

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
1 4 b any integer. 9
be 2
=
 5 5 15 15 Hence, option (d) is correct. when 3 = 1 ⇒ 3 = 3 0 ⇒ x = 0
x x
− +  + 1
 2 2 4 when 3 = ⇒ 3 = 3 −2 ⇒ x = −2
x x
9. If p and q are the roots of the 9

AND INEQUATIONS 7. Two numbers p and q are such

that the quadratic equation
px2 + 3 x + 2 q = 0 has −6 as the
equation x2 − 15 x + r = 0 and
p − q = 1, then what is the value
of r?
So, x = 0, − 2

2018 (II)
sum and the product of the (a) 55 (b) 56 (c) 60 (d) 64

According to the question, If x + y = 35

roots. What is the value of _ (b) p and q are the roots of the equation. 12. If x2 − 6 x − 27 > 0 , then which
2019 (II) ( p − q) ? x 2 − 15x + r = 0 p − q = 1 …(i) one of the following is correct?
( x − 1)2 + x 2 + ( x + 1)2 + ( x + 2 )2 x − y=1
(a) −1 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3   (a) −3 < x < 9 (b) x < 9 or x > −3
= 294 x = 18 and y = 17 [2nd pair]
 ax 2 + bx + c = 0  (c) x > 9 or x < −3 (d) x < −3 only
_ (c) px + 3x + 2q = 0
2
1. If the equations x + 5 x + 6 = 0
2 x + 1 − 2x + x 2 + x 2 + 1 + 2x + x 2
2
Only 2 pair are possible.   b c 
+ 4x + 4 = 294 3 x 2 −  −  x + = 0  _ (c) Given, x − 6x − 27 > 0
2
and x2 + kx + 1 = 0 have a 5. If (b − 6) is one root of the Sum of roots (α + β ) = −   a a 
4x 2 + 4x − 288 = 0 p  or x 2 − 9x + 3x − 27 > 0
common root, then what is the b c
⇒ x 2 + x − 72 = 0 quadratic equation 2q  α + β = − ,αβ =  x ( x − 9) + 3( x − 9) > 0
value of k ? Product of root (α ⋅ β ) =  a a
x 2 + 9x − 8x − 72 = 0 x2 − 6 x + b = 0 , where b is an p ( x + 3) ( x − 9) > 0
(a) −
5
or −
10 5 10 [α and β are the root of Eq. (i)]
(b) or ⇒ x ( x + 9) − 8( x + 9) = 0 integer, then what is the −3 Now, for ( x + 3) ( x − 9) to be greater
2 3 2 3 According to the question, = −6 Then, x 2 − 15x + r = 0
( x − 8)( x + 9) = 0 than 0.
5
(c) or −
10 5 10
(d) − or maximum value of b2 ? p
p + q = 15 …(ii)
x = 8 and −9 ( x = −9)[ignore] 1 Either ( x + 3) and ( x − 9) must be greater
2 3 2 3 (a) 36 (b) 49 p= r = pq …(iii) than 0.
The numbers are, 7, 8, 9, 10 2
_ (b) Given, equations (c) 64 (d) 81 p−q =1 …(iv) or both ( x + 3) and ( x − 9) must be less
Sum of numbers = 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 = 34 2q −6 × p
x + 5x + 6 = 0
2
⇒ = −6 ⇒q =
…(i) _ (d) ( b − 6) is one root of expression p 2
On solving Eqs. (ii) and (iv) than 0.
x 2 + kx + 1 = 0 …(ii) 3. The equation x2 + px + q = 0 has x 2 − 6x + b = 0 p= 8 ∴ x > 9 and x < −3
−3
If both equations have common roots So, x = b − 6 should satisfy the q = q =7
then,
roots equal to p and q where 2 13. If α and β are two real numbers
equation. r = 8 × 7 = 56
⇒ x 2 + 5x + 6 = 0
q ≠ 0. What are the values of p 1  3
Then, p − q = −  −  q r
and q, respectively? ( b − 6)2 − 6( b − 6) + b = 0
2  2
Hence, option (b) is correct. such that α + β = − and αβ = ,
⇒ x 2 + 3x + 2 x + 6 = 0 b 2 + 36 − 12 b − 6b + 36 + b = 0 p p
⇒ x ( x + 3) + 2 ( x + 3) = 0 (a) 1, − 2 (b) 1, 2 1 3 4
= + = =2 10. For the inequation
(c) − 1, 2 (d) −1, − 2 b 2 − 17 b + 72 = 0 where 1< p < q < r, then which
⇒ ( x + 2 )( x + 3) = 0 2 2 2 x2 − 7 x + 12 > 0 , which one of
b 2 − 8b − 9b + 72 = 0 one of the following is the
_ (a) x + px + q = 0
2
⇒ x = − 2, − 3 b( b − 8) − 9( b − 8) = 0 the following is correct? greatest?
The value of x must satisfy the Eq. (ii) So, p+ q = − p ( b − 9)( b − 8) = 0 (a) 3< x < 4 1 1 1
On putting x = −2 q = −2p …(i) b = 8 and 9 2019 (I) (b) − ∞ < x < 3 only
(a)
α+β
+
(b)
α β
⇒ x 2 + kx + 1 = 0 pq = q ⇒ p = 1 To get maximum value of b 2 (c) 4 < x < ∞ only 1 αβ
− ∞ < x < 3 or 4 < x < ∞ (c) − (d)
⇒ ( −2 )2 + k( −2 ) + 1 = 0 Now, on putting p = 1 in Eq. (i), we get b=9 8. Given that the polynomial (d) αβ α+β
⇒ 4 − 2k + 1 = 0 ⇒ 2k = 5 q = −2 ×1 ⇒ b 2 = 81 ( x2 + ax + b) leaves the same _ (d) x 2 − 7 x + 12 > 0 −q r
k=
5 q = −2 _ (c) Given, α + β = , αβ =
remainder when divided by x 2 − 4x − 3x + 12 > 0 p p
2 p = 1 and q = − 2 6. What is the maximum value of
1 ( x − 1) or ( x + 1). What are the x ( x − 4) − 3( x − 4) > 0 and 1< p < q < r
On putting x = − 3 the expression ?
4. How many pairs of natural values of a and b, respectively? ( x − 4) ( x − 3) > 0 1 −p
⇒ x 2 + kx + 1 = 0 x2 + 5 x + 10 From option(a), =
numbers are there such that the ∴ x > 4 or x < 3 α+β q
⇒ ( −3)2 + k( −3) + 1 = 0 15 15 4
(a) 4 and 0
difference of their squares is 35? (a) (b) (c) 1 (d) −∞<x<3
9 − 3k + 1 = 0 ⇒ 3k = 10 (b) 0 and 3 From option (b),
10 (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
4 2 15
(c) 3 and 0 or 4< x < ∞ 1 1 α + β −q p −q
∴ k= 1 Hence, option (d) is correct. + = = × =
3 _ (d) (d) 0 and any integer α β αβ p r r
_ (b) Let the number be x and y. x + 5x + 10
2

_ (d) The polynomial ( x + ax + b ) leaves

2
2. The sum of the squares of four x 2 − y 2 = 35 11. Which of the following pair of −1 − p
Take denominator x 2 + 5x + 10. From option (c), =
( x − y)( x + y) = 35 the same remainder when divided by numbers is the solution of the αβ r
consecutive natural numbers is y = x 2 + 5x + 10 ( x − 1) or ( x + 1).
294. What is the sum of the Thus, the factor of 35 possibles are 7, 5, equation 3 x +2 + 3 − x = 10 ?
5
= x2 + 2 × x +
25 25
− + 10 ( x − 1) = 0 αβ r  − p − r
35, 1 (a) 0, 2 (b) 0, −2 (c) 1, −1 (d) 1, 2 From option (d), = ×  =
numbers? 2 4 4 x =1 …(i) α+β p  q  q
If x − y=5 2 x +2 −x
+ 3 = 10
(a) 38 (b) 34 (c) 30 (d) 26  5 15 ( x + 1) = 0 _ (b) 3
x + y=7 = x +  + 1
Now, except (d) in all other options the
 2 4 x = −1 ⇒ 3x ⋅ 32 + = 10
_ (b) Let the four consecutive natural x = 6 and y = 1 [1st pair] …(ii) numerator is smaller than denominator.
numbers are x − 1, x, x + 1, x + 2 3x
Quadratic Equations and Inequations 79 80 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

∴Option (b) is smallest. 16. It is given that equations From the equation, Since, it has equal roots, therefore D = 0 α2 + β2
Now, from option (a) and (c), i.e.
−p
and x2 − y2 = 0 and ( x − a)2 + y2 = 1 px 2 + x + r = 0 2017 (II) ⇒ B2 − 4 AC = 0
∴
αβ
will be a negative value.

q r Qproducts of roots = c  ⇒ ( b(c − a ))2 − 4a( b − c ) c( a − b ) = 0 So, option (a) and (c) are wrong.
have single positive solution. For α ×β =
−p −p
, is greater as r > q p  a  22. What is the value of α(α ≠ 0) for ⇒ b (c − a )2 − 4ac( b − c ) ( a −b ) = 0
2
α 2 + β 2 (α + β )2 − 2αβ
r r this, the value of ‘a’ is Now, =
1 r which x2 − 5 x + α and ⇒ b 2(c 2 + a 2 − 2 ac ) − αβ αβ
−p (a) 2 (b) 2 (c) − 2 (d) 1 or β× = [from Eq. (i)]
Now, from option (c) and (b), i.e. and β p 4ac( ab − b 2 − ac + bc ) = 0 9 − k 2( 9 − k )
r x2 − 7 x + 2α have a common = =
_ (a) We have, x − y = 0
2 2
…(i)
r= p ⇒ b 2c 2 + b 2a 2 −2 acb 2 − 4a 2bc
−q or
factor?
k /2 K
and ( x − a) + y = 1
2 2
…(ii) + 4acb 2 + 4a 2c 2 − 4abc 2 = 0 2( 9 − k )
r Put = −2 ⇒ 9 − k = − k
−p From Eq. (i), x 2 − y 2 = 0 ⇒ x 2 = y 2 19. If α and β are the roots of the (a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2 ⇒ ( bc )2 + ( ab )2 + (2 ac )2 + 2 acb 2 k
is greater as q > p equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 , then − 4a 2bc − 4 abc 2= 0
r Put the value of y 2 in Eq. (ii), we get _ (a) We have, ⇒ 9 = 0 which is not possible
⇒ ( x − a )2 + x 2 = 1 x − 5x + α and x − 7 x + 2α have a
2 2 ⇒ ( bc )2 + ( ab )2 + ( −2 ac )2 + 2 acb 2 2( 9 − k ) 18
∴ −
1
is greatest. what is the value of the Put = −9 ⇒ k = − which is
αβ ⇒ 2 x 2 − 2 ax + a 2 − 1 = 0 expression (α + 1) (β + 1)? common factor − 4a 2bc − 4 abc 2= 0 k 7
Equation have single positive solution a+ b+c b+c−a Let x 2 − 5x + α = ( x − a ) ( x − b ) ⇒ ( bc + ab − 2 ac )2 = 0 true.
14. If α and β are the roots of the ∴ D=0
(a)
a
(b)
a = x 2 − ( a + b )x + ab ⇒ bc + ab = 2 ac ∴Maximum value is −9.
equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 , then ⇒ 4a 2 − 4( a 2 − 1) (2 ) = 0 a−b+c a+ b−c and x 2 − 7 x + 2α = ( x − a ) ( x − c ) ⇒ b( a + c ) = 2 ac ⇒ + =
1 1 2
(c) (d) 27. If one root of
1 1 b 2 − 4ac = 0 a a = x 2 − ( a + c )x + ac a c b
the value of + is (a2 − 5 a + 3) x2 + (3 a − 1) x + 2 = 0
aα + b aβ + b ( −2 a )2 − 4 × 2 × ( a 2 − 1) = 0 _ (c) α and β are the roots of the equation
On comparing, we get
25. If k is an integer, then
(here,a = 2 ,b = −2 a , c = a 2 − 1) a + b = 5, ab = α is twice the other, then what is
a b c 1 ax + bx + c = 0
2
 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
⇒ 4a 2 − 8a 2 + 8 = 0 −b a + c = 7, ac = 2α x2 + 7 x − 14  k 2 −  = 0 has the value of ‘a’?
bc ac ab abc ∴Sum of roots = α + β =  8 2 2 1 1
⇒ a2 = 2 ⇒ a = 2 a ∴ ac = 2( ab ) ⇒ c = 2 b (a) (b) − (c) (d) −
_ (b) We have, α, β are the roots of the c a + b = 5 and a + c = 7 (a) both integral roots 3 3 3 3
And product of roots = α ⋅ β =
equation 17. If α, β and γ are the zeroes of the a ⇒ a + 2b = 7 (b) at least one integral root
_ (a) Let α, 2α be the roots of the given
ax 2 + bx + c = 0 polynomial ∴(α + 1) (β + 1) = α β + α + β + 1 Solving these equations, we get
(c) no integral root
equation.
−b c (d) both positive integral roots
∴α+β = , αβ = f ( x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d, then = (α β ) + (α + β ) + 1 a = 3, b = 2 ∴ α + 2α =
− ( 3a − 1)
a a −b c −b+c+ a ∴ α = ab = 3 × 2 = 6 _ (c) Given equation is a 2 − 5a + 3
1 1 α2 + β2 + γ 2 is equal to = + + 1=  7
Now, + a a a x + 7 x − 14 k 2 −  = 0
2 − ( 3a − 1)
aα + b aβ + b b 2 − ac b 2 − 2 ac 23. What is the positive value of m  8 ⇒ 3α =
a−b+c a 2 − 5a + 3
aβ + b + aα + b
(a) (b) =
= a2 a a for which the roots of the  7 − ( 3a − 1)
−7 ± 49 + 4(14)  k 2 −  ⇒ α = …(i)
( aα + b ) ( aβ + b ) b 2 + 2 ac b 2 − 2 ac equation 12 x2 + mx + 5 = 0 are in  8 3( a 2 − 5a + 3)
(c) (d) 20. The sum of a number and ⇒ x =
a(α + β ) + 2 b b2 a2 the ratio 3 : 2?
= 2 its square is 20. Then, the
2
Also, (α )(2α ) =
2
a (αβ ) + ab(α + β ) + b 2 a 2 − 5a + 3
_ (d) We have, f( x ) = ax + bx + cx + d
3 2
number is 5 10 5 12 −7 ± 49 + 56k 2 − 49
 −b  (a) 5 10 (b) (c) (d) ⇒ x = 1
a  + 2b α, β, γ are the zero of the given (a) −5 or 4 (b) 2 or 3
12 12 5 2 ⇒ α2 = …(ii)
 a  b a 2 − 5a + 3
= = polynomials (c) −5 only (d) 5 or −4 _ (a) We have, 12 x + mx + 5 = 0
2
−7 ± 56k 2
c  −b  ac b ⇒ x =
a 2   + ab  +b
2
∴ α +β+ γ =− From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
 a  a  _ (a) Let the number be x Let α, β are the roots of equation 2 2
a  − ( 3a − 1)  1
m 5 − 7 ± 2 14k ∴
αβ + βγ + γα =
c According to the question, ∴ α +β=− and αβ = ⇒ x =  = 2
 3( a − 5a + 3) a − 5a + 3
2
15. The minimum value of the a x + x 2 = 20 12 12 2
expression 2 x 2 + 5 x + 5 is αβγ = −
d ⇒ x 2 + x − 20 = 0 Given,
α 3
= ⇒ α =
3β Clearly x can’t take any integral value,
⇒
( 3a − 1)2
=
1
(a) 5 (b) 15/8 a ⇒ x + 5x − 4x − 20 = 0
2 β 2 2 for any integer k. 9( a 2 − 5a + 3)2 a 2 − 5a + 3
(c) −15 / 8 (d) 0 (α + β + γ )2 = α 2 + β 2 + γ 2 ⇒ x ( x + 5) − 4( x + 5) = 0  3β  5 10 ∴The given equation has no integral root. ⇒ ( 3a − 1)2 = 9( a 2 − 5a + 3)
∴   (β) = ⇒β =
2

+ 2(αβ + βγ + γα )  2  12 36
_ (b) Let y = 2 x + 5x + 5 ⇒ ( x + 5)( x − 4) = 0
2
⇒ 9a 2 − 6a + 1 = 9a 2 − 45a + 27
2
 b 2c ∴ x = − 5, 4 10 3 10 26 2


5 5
y = 2 x 2 + x + 
⇒ −  = α + β + γ +
 a
2 2 2
a
⇒ β=
6
⇒α =
12 2017 (I) ∴ 39a = 26 ⇒ a =
39 3
=
2 2 21. A quadratic polynomial
b 2
2c b − 2 ac
2  3 10 10 
⇒ α2 + β2 + γ 2 = − = ax2 + bx + c is such that when it Hence, m = 12  +  26. If α and β are the roots of the 28. If α and β are the roots of the
 5
y = 2 x 2 + x +
25 
 + 5−
25
a2 a a2  12 6 
 2 16  8 is divided by x,( x − 1) and ( x + 1), quadratic equation equation x2 + px + q = 0 , then
 5 10 
the remainders are 3, 6 and 4 = 12   2 x2 + 6 x + k = 0 , where k < 0,
 5
2
15  12  what is α2 + β2 equal to?
y = 2 x +  +
 4 8 2018 (I) respectively. What is the value
of (a + b)? ⇒ m = 5 10
then what is the maximum (a) p2 − 2q (b) q 2 − 2 p
α β
∴Minimum value of y is
15
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) −1 value of + ? (c) p2 + 2q (d) q 2 − q
8 18. If the roots of the equation 24. If the roots of the equation β α
px2 + x + r = 0 are reciprocal to p( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c a(b − c ) x2 + b(c − a) _ (a) We have, α and β are the roots of the
Alternate method _ (a) (a) 2 (b) – 2 (c) 9 (d) – 9 equation x 2 + px + q = 0
y = 2 x 2 + 5x + 5 each other, then which one of for x = 0 x + c (a − b) = 0 are equal, then
_ (d) We have, 2 x + 6x + k = 0
2 ∴ α + β = − p and αβ = q
a = 2, b = 5, c = 5 the following is correct? p ( 0) = 3 which one of the following is 6 k Now, α 2 + β 2 = (α + β )2 − 2αβ
4ac − b 2 p ( 0) = a( 0)2 + b( 0) + c ⇒ c = 3 ∴ α + β = − = −3 and αβ =
Minimum value = (a) p = 2 r (b) p = r (c) 2 p = r (d) p = 4r correct? 2 2 = ( − p)2 − 2(q ) = p2 − 2q
4a for x − 1 = 0 i.e. x = 1 (a) 2 b = a + c (b) b 2 = ac
_ (b) Let the roots of the equation be ‘α’ α β α2 + β2
4 × 2 × 5 − ( 5)2 40 − 25 15 p (1) = 6 2 1 1 1 1 1 Now, + = 29. The values of x which satisfy the
= = = and ‘β’. (c) = + (d) = + β α αβ
4×2 8 8 ∴ a(1)2 + b(1) + c = 6 b a c b a c equation 51+ x + 51− x = 26 are
According to the question, Since, numerator is always positive and
1 a+ b+ 3=6 _ (c) Given equation is (a) −1, 1 (b) 0, 1 (c) 1, 2 (d) −1, 0
α = …(i) denominator will be always negative
β ⇒ a+ b=3 a( b − c )x 2 + b(c − a )x + c( a − b ) = 0 ( k < 0) 1+x 1− x
_ (a) We have, 5 + 5 = 26
Quadratic Equations and Inequations 81 82 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

⇒ 5.5 x + 5.5 − x = 26 It is given that α and β are the roots of ⇒ a ∈ ( − ∞, − 2 ] ∪ [2, ∞ ) ∴

1
α = and β =
2 (b) x < 0
⇒
5
5.5 x + x = 26
Eq. (i). ∴ b = 1 and a = 2, 3, 4 5 5
…(i)
2016 (I) (c)
−1 − 5
≤ x≤
−1 + 5
5 − ( − 64) + ( − 64)2 − 4 × 16 × λ When b = 2, then a 2 − 8 ≥ 0 Now, a quadratic equation whose roots 5 2
∴β = ∴ b = 2 and a = 3, 4 are (2α )−1 and (2β )−1, is given by 37. If a and b are negative real
Let 5 x = y 2 × 16 −1 − 5 −1 + 5
5 When b = 3, then a 2 − 12 ≥ 0 x 2 − [(2α )−1 + (2β )−1 ]x numbers and c is a positive real (d) x ≤ or x ≥
∴ 5y + = 26 and ∴ b = 3 and a = 4 2 2
y + (2α )−1 ⋅ (2β )−1 = 0 number, then which of the
− ( − 64) − ( − 64)2 − 4 × 16 × λ When b = 4, then a 2 − 16 ≥ 0 1 1
⇒ 5 y − 26 y + 5 = 0
2
α =  1 1  1  1  following is/are correct? _ (d) We have, 1 + − 2 ≥ 0
2 × 16 ∴ a = 4 and b = 4 ⇒ x2 −  +  x +  2α   2β  = 0 x x
⇒ 5 y 2 − 25 y − y + 5 = 0  2α 2β  1. a − b < a − c
Hence, 7 pairs of values of a and b are x2 + x − 1
⇒ 5 y( y − 5) − 1( y − 5) = 0 64 + 8 64 − λ a b ⇒ ≥0
⇒ β=
possible.   2. If a < b, then < . x2
⇒ ( y − 5)( 5 y − 1) = 0 32  1 1  c c
33. The sum of the squares of two ⇒ x2 −  + x 2 + x − 1≥ 0
2
x
⇒ y = 5,
1
2 ×
1
2× 
1 1
64 − 8 64 − λ positive integers is 208. If the 3. < −1 ± 5
5 and α =  5 5 b c If x 2 + x − 1 = 0, then x =
⇒ 5 = 5 or 5 −1
x 32 square of the larger number is
    2
8( 8 + 64 − λ ) 18 times the smaller number,  1   1  Select the correct answer using the  −1 + 5     −1 − 5  
⇒ x = 1 or −1 ⇒ β= 
then what is the difference of +    = 0 [from Eq. (i)] codes given below. ∴  x −     x −    ≥ 0
32  2 × 1   2 × 2       
30. Aman and Alok attempted to the larger and smaller numbers?  2   2
8( 8 − 64 − λ )  5  5 (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
solve a quadratic equation. and α = (c) Only 3 (d) 2 and 3 −1 − 5
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 6  5  5 ⇒ x≤
⇒ x 2 −  +  x +     = 0
32 5 5
Aman made a mistake in writing 2 4  2   4 _ (d) 1. a − b < a − c 2
down the constant term and 8+ 64 − λ _ (c) Let two positive integers be x and y. −1 + 5
⇒ β= According to the question, 15 25 ⇒ b−c> 0 …(i) or x≥
ended up in roots (4, 3). Alok 4 ⇒ x2 − x + =0 As, b is negative real number and c 2
x 2 + y 2 = 208 …(i) 4 8
made a mistake in writing down 8 − 64 − λ y 2 = 18x
is positive real number, then Eq. (i)
and α = and …(ii) 8x 2 − 30x + 25 40. Which of the points
the coefficient of x to get roots 4 On putting y = 18x in Eq. (i), we get
2 ⇒ =0 is not true.
(3, 2). The correct roots of the 1 < α < 2 and 2 < β < 3
8 P (5, − 1), Q (3, − 2) and R (1, 1) lie
x 2 + 18x = 208 2. If a < b, when a and b are
∴ 8x 2 − 30x + 25 = 0 in the solution of the system of
equation are 8 − 64 − λ ⇒ x 2 + 18x − 208 = 0 negative real numbers and c is a
then, 1 < <2
(a) −4, − 3 (b) 6, 1 4 ⇒ x + 26x − 8x − 208 = 0
2
Hence, the required quadratic a b
positive real number, then < inequations x + y ≤ 4 and
polynomial is 8x 2 − 30x + 25.
(c) 4, 3 (d) − 6, − 1 8 + 64 − λ ⇒ x ( x + 26) − 8( x + 26) = 0
c c x − y≥2?
and 2 < <3 is always true for b > a .
_ (b) Let quadratic equation be 4 ⇒ ( x + 26)( x − 8) = 0 35. If p and q are the roots of (a) Q and R
1 1
ax 2 + bx + c = 0 4 < 8 − 64 − λ < 8 ⇒ x + 26 = 0 or x − 8 = 0 x2 + px + q = 0 , then which one 3. < is always true, as c is a (b) P and R
and 8 < 8 + 64 − λ < 12 b c
If α and β are roots, then ⇒ x = − 26 or x = 8 (c) P and Q
of the following is correct? positive real number and b is a
−b 8< 8 + 64 − λ < 12 But x is positive. (d) P, Q and R
α+β = and (a) p = 0 or 1 (b) p = 1 only negative real number.
a
4 − 8 < − 64 − λ < 8 − 8
∴ x =8 (c) p = − 2 or 0 (d) p = − 2 only _ (c) Given points are P( 5, − 1), Q( 3, − 2 )
and αβ =
c On putting x = 8 in Eq. (ii), we get 38. Under what condition on p and and R(1, 1).
a and 8 − 8 < 64 − λ < 12 − 8 _ (b) We have, p and q are the roots of q, one of the roots of the
y 2 = 18x If points P, Q and R lie in the solution of
Since, Aman made a mistake in writing −4 < − 64 − λ < 0 ⇒ y 2 = 18 × 8
equation equation x2 + px + q = 0 is the inequations x + y ≤ 4 and x − y ≥ 2,
down the constant term. x 2 + px + q = 0,
and 0< 64 − λ < 4 ⇒ y = ± 16 × 9 square of the other? then points P, Q and R satisfy these
∴ α + β = 4+ 3 = 7 ∴ p + q = − p and pq = q
4> 64 − λ > 0 ⇒ y=4×3 [Q y > 0] (a) 1 + q + q 2 = 3 pq inequations.
and Alok made a mistake in writing On solving above equations, we get
⇒ y = 12 (b) 1 + p + p2 = 3 pq For point P( 5, − 1), 5 − 1 ≤ 4
down the coefficient of x. and 0 < 64 − λ < 4 p = 1, q = −2 [true]
∴Difference between larger and smaller (c) p3 + q + q 2 = 3 pq 5 + 1≥ 2
∴ αβ = 3 × 2 = 6 On solving each term, we get is 12 − 8 = 4. (d) q 3 + p + p2 = 3 pq
[true]
So, equation will be 16 > 64 − λ > 0
36. If 2 p + 3 q = 12 and For point Q( 3, − 2 ), 3 − 2 ≤ 4 [true]
_ (c)2 Let α and α be the roots of equation
2
x − (α + b )x + αβ = 0
2
16 − 64 > − λ > 0 − 64 34. If α and β are the two zeroes of 4 p2 + 4 pq − 3 q2 = 126, then what 3+ 2≥2 [true]
x + px + q = 0.
⇒ x 2 − 7x + 6 = 0 the polynomial 25 x − 15 x + 2,
2 and for point R (1, 1), 1 + 1 ≤ 4 [true]
− 48 > − λ < − 64 is the value of p + 2 q? Then, α ⋅α2 = q
⇒ ( x − 6)( x − 1) = 0 21 Q product of roots = c  1 − 1≥ 2 [false]
48 < λ < 64 then what is a quadratic (a) 5 (b)
∴ x = 6, 1
Hence, λ can take 15 values. polynomial whose zeroes are 4  a  So, the point R (1, 1) does not satisfy the
25 99 inequations.
(2α)− 1 and (2β)− 1? ∴ α = (q )1/ 3
(c) (d) …(i)
32. In the quadratic equation 4 16 Hence, points P and Q lie in the solution
and α + α2 = − p
2016 (II) x2 + ax + b = 0 , a and b can (a) x 2 + 30x + 2 (b) 8x 2 − 30x + 25
_ (d) Given, 2 p + 3 q = 12 … (i) Q sum of roots = − b 
of inequations.
(c) 8x 2 − 30x (d) x 2 + 30x 
take any value from the set and 4 p2 + 4 pq − 3q 2 = 126 a  41. Y
_ (b) Let 25x − 15x + 2 = 0
2
31. If λ is an integer and α, β are the {1, 2, 3, 4}. How many pairs of ⇒ 4 p2 + 6 pq − 2 pq − 3q 2 = 126 ∴ (q )1 / 3 + (q )2 / 3 = − p …(ii)
5x – 2y =10
λ values of a and b are possible in ⇒ 25x 2 − 10x − 5x + 2 = 0 ⇒ (2 p + 3 q ) (2 p − q ) = 126 On cubing both sides, we get
4
roots of 4 x2 − 16 x + = 0 , such order that the quadratic
4 [by factorisation] ⇒ 12(2 p − q ) = 126 [from Eq. (i)] q + q 2 + 3 q (q 1/ 3 + q 2/ 3 ) = − p3 3
equation has real roots? ⇒ 5x ( 5x − 2 ) − 1 ( 5x − 2 ) = 0 ⇒ q + q 2 + 3 q ( − p) = − p3
that 1 < α < 2 and 2 < β < 3, then ⇒ 2p − q =
21
… (ii) 2 2x + 6 y =21
how many values can λ take?
(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 16 ⇒ ( 5x − 1)( 5x − 2 ) = 0 2 [from Eq. (ii)]
(b) For real roots, B2 − 4 AC ≥ 0 1
(a) 3 (b) 9 ⇒ 5x = 1 or 5x = 2 On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get ⇒ q + q 2 + p3 = 3 pq
So, by equation, a 2 − 4b ≥ 0 1 2 87 3
(c) 14 (d) 15 ⇒ a 2 ≥ 4b ⇒ x = or x = p= and q = 39. The solution of the inequation XN 2 3 4
X
5 5 16 8 0 1
λ When, b = 1 1 1
_ (d) Given, 4x − 16x + = 0
2
It is given that α and β are zeroes of ∴ p + 2q =
87
+2 × =
3 99 1+ − ≥ 0 is YN
4 ⇒ a ≥4
2
x x2
25x − 15x + 2 = 0.
2 16 8 16
⇒ 16x 2 − 64x + λ = 0 ⇒ a2 − 4 ≥ 0 The linear inequations, for
…(i) (given that, x ≠ 0)
⇒ ( a − 2 )( a + 2 ) ≥ 0 which the shaded area in the
(a) x > 0
Quadratic Equations and Inequations 83 84 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

figure given above is the Which of the above ⇒ 3x 2 − 7 x − 30 = x 2 + 25 − 10x 47. If the equations x2 − px + q = 0 ⇒ x < 2 . 087 52. If k = x − y + 2 z , where −2 ≤ x ≤ 1
solution set, are statement(s) is/are correct? + 2x 2 − 7x − 5 or x > 47. 91
and x2 + qx − p = 0 have a and − 1 ≤ y ≤ 2 and 3 ≤ z ≤ 6, then
(a) 2 x + 6 y ≤ 21, 5x − 2 y ≤ 10 ⇒ x = 1 and 2 or x = 48, 49,… ,100
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 + (2 x − 10) 2 x − 7 x − 5
2
which one of the following is
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 common root, then which one ∴ Number of total values of x = 2 + 53
(b) 2 x + 6 y ≤ 21, 5x − 2 y ≥ 10 correct?
⇒ 3x 2 − 7 x − 30 − x 2 + 10x of the following is correct? = 55
(c) 2 x + 6 y ≥ 21, 5x − 2 y ≤ 10 _ (a) Given, p and q are non-zero integers. (a) 0 ≤ k≤ 9
+ 7 x − 2 x 2 − 20 (a) p−q =0
(d) 2 x + 6 y ≥ 21, 5x − 2 y ≥ 10 1. Q p+ q < p−q (b) p+ q −2 = 0 50. Consider the following in (b) 5 ≤ k ≤ 11
⇒ q + q < 0 ⇒ 2q < 0 ⇒ q < 0 = (2 x − 10) 2 x 2 − 7 x − 5 p+ q − 1= 0 respect of the equation (c) 2 ≤ k ≤ 14
_ (a) Consider the line, 2 x + 6 y = 21 …(i) ∴ q must be negative.
(c)
(d) 2 ≤ k ≤ 11
(d) p−q − 1= 0
The point (0, 0) does not satisfy Eq. (i) ⇒ (10x − 50) = (2 x − 10) 2 x 2 − 7 x − 5 ( x − 1)2
but the point (0,0) satisfy the inequation
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
_ (d) Given, x − px + q = 0
2
…(i) y= _ (c) We have, −2 ≤ x ≤ 1 …(i)
2 x + 6 y ≤ 21. 2. Q p + q > p − q ⇒ q + q > 0 ⇒ 10( x − 5) = 2 ( x − 5) 2 x 2 − 7 x − 5 x −1
x 2 + qx − p = 0 …(ii) −1 ≤ y ≤ 2
∴ 2q > 0
So, the shaded portion will be the area
Let α is a common root of both 1. y = 1, if x > 1 Q − 2 ≤ − y≤ 1 …(ii)
contain (0,0). ∴ q must be positive irrespective of p. ⇒ 2x 2 − 7x − 5 = 5 …(i)
equations, then put x = α in both and 3≤ z≤ 6
Now, consider the line, Hence, statement 2 is incorrect. 2. y = −1, if x < 1
Again, on squaring both sides of Eq. (i), equations, α 2 − pα + q = 0 6 ≤ 2 z ≤ 12 …(iii)
5x − 2 y = 10 … (ii) 44. If the roots of the equation we get α 2 = pα − q …(iii) 3. y exists for all values of x On adding Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
The point (0, 0) does not satisfy the Eq. lx2 + mx + m = 0 are in the ratio 2 x 2 − 7 x − 5 = 25 α 2 + qα − p = 0 −2 − 2 + 6 ≤ x − y + 2 z ≤ 1 + 1 + 12
Which of the above
(ii) but the point (0,0) satisfies the ⇒ 2 x 2 − 7 x − 30 = 0 …(ii) pα − q + qα − p = 0 [from Eq. (iii)] 2 ≤ k ≤ 14
inequation 5x − 2 y ≤ 10. So, the shaded p q m statement(s) is/are correct?
p : q, then + + is If α and β are roots of Eq. (ii), then α( p + q ) = p + q
portion will be the area contain (0,0). q p l (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 53. If the roots of the quadratic
−30 α =1
αβ = = − 15 (c) 1 and 2 (d) 1, 2 and 3
Thus, the linear inequations
equal to 2 From Eq. (iii)
equation x2 − 4 x − log 10 N = 0
corresponding to the given set are ( x − 1)2
2 x + 6 y ≤ 21 and 5x − 2 y ≤ 10. (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
46. If a − by − cz = 0 ,
2 1 = p × 1− q _ (c) Given, y = …(i) are all real, then the minimum
x −1
p−q −1= 0 value of N is
42. If the sum of the roots of _ (a)2 Since, the roots of equation ax − b2 + cz = 0 and 1. If x > 1
lx + mx + m = 0 are in the ratio p : q . 1 1
ax2 + bx + c = 0 is equal to the 48. The sum and difference of two then put x = 2 in Eq. (i) (a) (b)
Then, we can take roots as pk and qk. ax + by − c 2 = 0, then the value 100 1000
sum of the squares of their expressions are 5 x − x − 4 and
2
(2 − 1)2 (1)2 1
∴Sum of roots = pk + qk = −
m x y z y= = =1 (c) (d) 10000
reciprocals, then which one of l of + + will be x2 + 9 x − 10 , respectively. The 2 −1 1 10000
a+ x b+ y c+z put x = 3
the following relations is correct? ⇒ ( p + q )k = −
m
…(i) HCF of the two expressions will _ (c) We have,
(a) ab 2 + bc 2 = 2 a 2c l (a) a+ b+c ( 3 − 1)2 4 2 x 2 − 4x − log10 N = 0
be y= = = =1
(b) ac 2 + bc 2 = 2 b 2a and product of roots (b) 3 3−1 2 2 We know that, roots are real, if D ≥ 0
(a) ( x + 1 ) (b) ( x − 1 )
(c) ab 2 + bc 2 = a 2c = ( pq )k 2 =
m
…(ii) (c) 1 (c) ( 3x + 7 ) (d) (2 x − 3) Hence, statement 1 ( y = 1, if x > 1) is ⇒ B − 4 AC ≥ 0
2

(d) a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 1
l (d) 0 correct ⇒ ( 4)2 − 4 × 1 × ( − log10 N ) ≥ 0
_ (b) Let f ( x ) + g ( x ) = 5x − x − 4
2
…(i)
On dividing Eq. (i) by Eq. (ii), we get 2. If x < 1 ⇒ 16 − 4 ( − log10 N ) ≥ 0
_ (c) Given, a − by − cz = 0
2
…(i) and f ( x ) − g ( x ) = x 2 + 9x − 10 …(ii)
_ (a) Let α and β be the roots of equation ( p + q )k then put x = −1 in Eq. (i)
= −1 ⇒ 16 + 4 log10 N ≥ 0
ax 2 + bx + c = 0. ( pq ) k 2 ax − b + cz = 0
2
…(ii) On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
( −1 − 1)2 4 2 ⇒ log10 N ≥ − 4
−b and ax + by − c 2 = 0 …(iii) f ( x ) = 3x 2 + 4x − 7 = ( x − 1) ( 3x + 7 ) y= = = = −1
α +β=  p+ q m/ l −1 − 1 −2 −2
Then, ⇒   =−k= On adding Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii), we get and g ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 5x + 3 ⇒ N ≥ 10 −4
a  pq  (p + q) put x = −2 1
c b 2 − a2 + c 2 = ( x − 1) (2 x − 3) ⇒ N≥
and αβ = [from Eq. (i)] x = ( −2 − 1) 2
9 3 10000
a Hence, the required HCF is ( x − 1). y= = = = −1
( p + q )2 m 2a −2 − 1 −3 −3 1
2 2 ⇒ = Minimum value of N =
 1  1 pq l b 2 − a2 + c 2 Hence, statement 2 ( y = −1 if x < 1) is 10000
Now, α +β=  +  
α β p+ q x 2a correct.
β2 + α2
⇒
pq
=±
m
l
⇒
a+ x
=
a+
b 2 − a2 + c 2 2015 (II) 3. Put x = 1 in Eq. (i) 54. The difference of maximum
⇒ α +β= 2a (1 − 1) values of the expressions
(αβ ) 2 p+ q m y= =0 (6 + 5 x − x2 ) and ( y − 6 − y2 ) for
⇒ =− b 2 − a2 + c 2 49. The number of values of x 1− 1
(α + β )2 − 2 αβ pq l b 2 − a2 + c 2 100
= = 2a = 2 satisfying x + > 50, where x Hence, statement 3 is not correct. any real values of x and y ,is
(αβ ) 2 ∴
p
+
q
+
m
=0 2 a2 + b 2 − a2 + c 2 a + b2 + c 2 x (a) 16 (b) 17
q p l is a natural number less than or 51. If a, b and c satisfy the equation
− b b 2 / a 2 − 2c / a 2a (c) 18 (d) 19
⇒ = equal to 100, is x3 − 3 x2 + 2 x + 1 = 0 , then what
a c 2 / a2 y a −b +c
2 2 2
25 25
45. If 3 x2 − 7 x − 30 − 2 x2 − 7 x − 5 _ (c) 6 + 5x − x = 6 + − + 5x − x
2 2
Similarly, = 1 1 1
⇒ ab 2 − 2 a 2c = − bc 2 b + y a2 + b 2 + c 2 (a) 51 (b) 53 is the value of + + ? 4 4
= x − 5 has α and β as its roots, (c) 55 (d) 57 a b c 49  5
2
⇒ ab 2 + bc 2 = 2 a 2c then the value of αβ is z a2 + b 2 − c 2 100 1 = −  x −  and
and = _ (c) We have, x + > 50 (a) − (b) 2 4  2
c + z a2 + b 2 + c 2 x 2
43. Consider the following (a) − 15 (b) − 5 (c) 0 (d) 5 1 1
and 1 ≤ x ≤ 100 1 y − 6 − y 2 = −6 + − + y − y 2
statements in respect of two ∴
x
+
y
+
z (c) −2 (d) 4 4
_ (a) Given, 3x 2 −7 x − 30 = ( x − 5) ⇒ x 2 − 50x + 100 > 0 2
a+ x y+ b c+ z 2
different non-zero integers p and −23  1
+ 2x 2 − 7x − 5 50 ± 2500 − 400 _ (c) We have, x − 3x + 2 x + 1 = 0
3 2
= − y− 
q. ( b 2 − a 2 + c 2 ) + ( a 2 − b 2 + c 2 ) ⇒ x = 4  2
On squaring both sides, we get   2 If roots are a, b and c.
1. For ( p + q) to be less than  + ( a 2 + b 2 − c 2 )  The expressions ( 6 + 5x − x 2 ) and
3x 2 − 7 x − 30 = ( x − 5)2 + =  =
50 ± 10 21 ∴ a + b + c = 3, ab + bc + ca = 2
( p − q), q must be negative. a2 + b 2 + c 2 ( y − 6 − y 2 ) can be written as
(2 x 2 − 7 x − 5) 2 and abc = − 1
2. For ( p + q) to be greater than x < 25 − 5 21 1 bc + ca + ab 2 49  5
2
23  1
2
+ 2 ( x − 5) 2 x 2 − 7 x − 5 a2 + b 2 + c 2 ∴ +
1 1
+ = = = −2 −  x −  and − − y−  .
( p − q), both p and q must be = =1 4  2 4  2
a2 + b 2 + c 2 or x > 25 + 5 21 a b c abc −1
positive. [Q( a − b ) = a + b − 2 ab]
2 2 2
Quadratic Equations and Inequations 85 86 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

2 2
Therefore, the maximum value of _ (b) 1. Given, m and n are the roots of the _ (c) When mistake is done in first degree c  −b  c 66. If the roots of the equation
− x 2 + 5x + 6 is
49 2014 (II) equation x + ax + b = 0.
2
term, then the roots of the equation are   + 
 a  a 
 − 2  + 1
 a
4 − 9 and − 1. = (a2 − bc ) x2 + 2 (b2 − ac ) x
23 ∴ m+ n=−a ...(i) c
and that of − y 2 + y − 6 is − . 57. If one of the roots of the and mn = b ...(ii) ∴ αβ = ( −9) × ( −1) a + (c 2 − ab) = 0 are equal, where
4
equation px2 + qx + r = 0 is three Also, given m2 and n2 are the roots αβ = 9 c 2 + b 2 − 2 ac + a 2 b ≠ 0, then which one of the
49  23  =
∴ Their difference = − −  of the equation x 2 − cx + d = 0. When mistake is done in constant term, ac following is correct?
4  4 times the other, then which one then the roots of equation are 8 and 2.
of the following relations is ∴ m2 + n 2 = c ...(iii) b 2 + ( a − c )2 a+ b+ = abc
49 23 ∴ α + β = 8 + 2 = 10 = (a) c
= + and m 2n 2 = d ...(iv) ac a2 + b 2 + c2 = 0
4 4 correct? Now, equation will be
(b)
72 (a) 3 q 2 = 16 pr (b) q 2 = 24 pr On squaring Eq. (i) both sides, we We know that, quadratic equation is of (c) a3 + b 3 + c3 = 0
= = 18 x − (α + β )x + αβ = 0
2
the form (d) a3 + b 3 + c 3 = 3abc
4 (c) p = q + r (d) p + q + r = 1 get
∴ x 2 − 10x + 9x = 0 x 2 − (Sum of roots) x + Product of roots
m2 + n2 + 2 mn = a 2 _ (d) Given equation is
_ (a) Given equation is px + qx + r = 0.
2
=0
62. If m and n are the roots of the ( a 2 − bc )x 2 + 2 ( b 2 − ac )x
Let one root of the equation be α. [from Eqs. (i) and (ii)]  − b ( a + c )
2015 (I) Then, other root = 3α ⇒ c + 2 b = a2 equation 27 ax + bx + c = 0 , then
2 ⇒ x2 − 
 ac
x

+ (c 2 − ab ) = 0
q Since, the given roots are equal.
∴ Sum of roots = α + 3 α = − ⇒ c = a2 − 2 b the equation whose roots are  b 2 + ( a − c )2 
55. The sign of the quadratic p ( m2 + 1)/ m and ( n2 + 1)/ n is +   =0
 ∴ D=0
⇒ 2 b − a2 = − c  ac 
−q −q
polynomial ax2 + bx + c is ⇒ 4α = ⇒ α = ...(i) Hence, statement 1 is incorrect. (a) acx + ( ab + bc )x + b
2 2 ⇒ B2 − 4 AC = 0
p 4p + ( a − c )2 = 0 ⇒ acx 2 + b ( a + c )x + b 2 + ( a − c )2 = 0
always positive, if 2. From Eq. (ii), i.e. [2 ( b 2 − ac )]2 − 4 ( a 2 − bc )
r ⇒ acx 2 + ( ab + bc )x + b 2
(a) a is positive and b 2 − 4ac ≤ 0 and product of roots = (α ) ⋅ ( 3α ) = m 2n 2 = b 2 ⇒ b 2 = d (b) acx + ( ab − bc ) x + b
2 2
(c 2 − ab ) = 0
p + ( a − c )2 = 0
(b) a is positive and b 2 − 4ac ≥ 0 + ( a − c )2 = 0
r Hence, statement 2 is correct. [Q( a − b )2 = a 2 + b 2 − 2 ab]
⇒ 3α =2
(c) acx 2 + ( ab − bc ) x + b 2 63. The value of x2 − 4 x + 11 can
(c) a can be any real number and p
60. If m and n (m > n) are the roots of ⇒ 4 ( b 4 + a 2c 2 − 2 ab 2c )
b 2 − 4ac ≤ 0 2 − ( a − c )2 = 0 never be less than
 −q  r −4 ( a 2c 2 − bc 3 − a 3b + ab 2c ) = 0
(d) a can be any real number and ⇒ 3  = [from Eq. (i)] the equation (d) acx 2 + ( ab + bc ) x + b 2
 4p  p (a) 7 (b) 8 (c) 11 (d) 22
b 2 − 4ac ≥ 0 7( x + 2 a)2 + 3 a2 = 5 a(7 x + 23 a), − ( a − c )2 = 0 ⇒ 4 b 4 + 4a 2c 2 − 8ab 2c − 4a 2c 2
_ (a) Let f( x ) = x − 4x + 11
2
3q 2 r + 4bc 3 + 4a 3b − 4ab 2c = 0
⇒ = where a > 0, then what is 3m − n _ (a)2For the given equation
_ (a) If a is positive and b − 4ac ≤ 0, then
2
16 p2 p ax + bx + c = 0, m and n are the roots. 4ac − b 2
the sign of quadratic polynomial equal to? Minimum value of x = ⇒ 4b 4 − 12 ab 2c + 4bc 3 + 4a 3b = 0
ax 2 + bx + c is always positive. ⇒ 3 q 2 p = 16 p2r ∴ Sum of roots = m + n = − b /a 4a
(a) 12 a (b) 14a (c) 15a (d) 18a ⇒ b 3 + c 3 + a 3 − 3abc = 0
∴ 3 q 2 = 16 pr and product of roots = mn =
c Here, a = 1,b = −4 ,c = 11
56. For which value of k does the ∴ a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 3abc
_ (c) Given equation is a 4 × 1 × 11 − ( −4)2
58. If the equation ∴Minimum value of x =
pair of equations x − y = 0 2 2 7( x + 2 a ) + 3a = 5a (7 x + 23a )
2 2
m2 + 1 n2 + 1 4×1 67. If the roots of the equation
x2 + 2 (1 + k ) x + k 2 = 0 has equal Sum of roots for and
[Q( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab] 44 − 16 28 Ax2 + Bx + C = 0 are −1 and 1,
and ( x − k )2 + y2 = 1 yield a m n = = =7
roots, then what is the value of ⇒ 7( x 2 + 4a 2 + 4ax ) + 3a 2 m +1 n +1
2 2 4 4
unique positive solution of x? = 35ax + 115a 2 = + then which one of the following
k? m n So, the value of expression can never be
(a) 2 (b) 0 ⇒ 7 x 2 − 7 ax − 84a 2 = 0 less than 7. is correct?
1 1
(c) 2 (d) − 2 (a) (b) − (c) 1 (d) − 1 m2n + n + mn2 + m (a) A and C are both zero
2 2 ⇒ x 2 − ax − 12 a 2 = 0 =
mn 64. The expression 2 x3 + x2 − 2 x − 1 (b) A and B are both positive
_ (c) Given, x − y = 0
2 2
⇒ ( x + 3a )( x − 4a ) = 0
_ (b) Given equation is ⇒ x = − 3a and x = 4a =
mn( m + n) + 1 ( m + n) is divisible by (c) A and C are both negative
⇒ y2 = x 2 ...(i) x 2 + 2 (1 + k )x + k 2 = 0. mn (d) A and C are of opposite signs
Since, m and n are the roots of the given (a) x + 2 (b) 2 x + 1 (c) x − 2 (d) 2 x − 1
Now, ( x − k )2 + y 2 = 1 If it has equal roots, then D = 0 ( m + n)( mn + 1)
equation. = _ (d) Given equation is
_ (b) Let f( x ) = 2 x + x − 2 x − 1
3 2
From Eq. (i), we get ⇒ B − 4 AC = 0
2
mn Ax 2 + Bx + C = 0
Let m = 4a and n = − 3a ...(i)
⇒ { 2(1 + k )} 2 − 4k 2 = 0 = x 2(2 x + 1 ) − 1(2 x + 1 )
x + k − 2 kx + x = 1
2 2 2
∴ 3m − n = 3( 4a ) − ( − 3a ) b c  Since, the given roots are − 1 and 1.
⇒ 4(1 + k 2 + 2 k ) − 4k 2 = 0 −  + 1 = (2 x + 1 )( x 2 − 1 )
[Q( a − b ) = a + b − 2 ab]
2 2 2
= 12 a + 3a = 15a aa  − b (a + c )
= (2 x + 1 )( x + 1 )( x − 1 )
∴ Sum of roots = − 1 + 1 = 0
⇒ 4 + 4k 2 + 8k − 4k 2 = 0 = =
c ac and product of roots = 1 × ( − 1) = − 1
⇒ 2 x 2 − 2 kx + k 2 − 1 = 0 ⇒ 4 + 8k = 0 So, expression is divisible by (2 x + 1).
a Standard equation is
Q The equation has unique solution, if 4
∴ k=−
2014 (I) put m + n = − b and mn = c  65. If x + y = 5, y + z = 10 and x 2 − (Sum of roots)x + Product of roots
D = 0 ⇒ b 2 − 4ac = 0 8  a a 
1 z + x = 15, then which one of the =0
⇒ ( − 2 k )2 − 4 × 2 × ( k 2 − 1) = 0 ⇒ k=− m +1 n +1
2 2
2 61. In solving a problem, one ∴ Product of roots = × following is correct? On comparing with above equation from
⇒ 4k 2 − 8k 2 + 8 = 0 m n
student makes a mistake in the (a) z > x > y (b) z > y > x Eq. (i), we get
⇒ − 4k 2 + 8 = 0 59. If m and n are the roots of the coefficient of the first degree ( m2 + 1 )( n2 + 1 ) (c) x > y > z (d) x > z > y B C
⇒ − 4k 2 = − 8 = x2 + x + =0
equation x2 + ax + b = 0 and m2 , term and obtains −9 and −1 for mn A A
⇒ k=± 2 _ (a) Given equations
n2 are the roots of the equation the roots. Another student
=
m 2n 2 + n 2 + m 2 + 1 x + y=5 ...(i) C
For positive roots, ∴ = Product of roots
b c
x2 − cx + d = 0 , then which of the makes a mistake in the constant mn y + z = 10 ...(ii) A
− > 0 and >0 term of the equation and ( mn) + ( m + n) − 2 mn + 1
2 2 and z + x = 15 ...(iii)
a a following is/are correct? = ⇒ C =− A
obtains 8 and 2 for the roots. On solving Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
 − 2k  k2 − 1 1. 2 b − a2 = c 2. b2 = d mn
x = 5, y = 0 and z = 10
So, A and C are of opposite signs.
⇒ − > 0 and >0 The correct equation was [Q a 2 + b 2 = ( a + b )2 − 2 ab]
 2  2 Select the correct answer using (a) x 2 + 10x + 9 = 0 ∴ z> x > y
⇒ k > 0 and k 2 ≥ 1 the codes given below. (b) x 2 − 10x + 16 = 0
∴ k= 2 (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 (c) x 2 − 10x + 9 = 0
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) None of the above
 88 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

It is clear from the above Venn diagram 12. If A and B are any two non-empty
2016 (II)

16
that (10 − x ) can speak French only and subsets of a set E, then what is
( 30 − x ) can speak English only. We
know that the value of x is always
A ∪ ( A ∩ B) equal to?
8. Let A = {7, 8, 9, 10 , 11, 12} and positive. (a) A ∩ B (b) A ∪ B
B = {7, 10 , 14, 15}. What is the Hence, from the options, the possible (c) A (d) B
number of elements in ( A − B) value of x is 0 ≤ x < 8. _ (c) Since, A and B are non-empty
and ( B − A), respectively? subsets of E.
(a) 2 and 4
(c) 2 and 2
(b) 4 and 2
(d) 4 and 4 2015 (II) A B

SET THEORY _ (b) Given, A = {7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}

and B = {7, 10, 14, 15}
A − B = { 8, 9, 11, 12}
10. Let A denotes the set of
quadrilaterals having two
diagonals equal and bisecting
A∩B⇒

∴ n( A − B) = 4 each other. Let B denotes the set ∴ A ∪ ( A ∩ B ) = A ∪ (Shaded portion)

B − A = {14, 15} of quadrilaterals having = A
∴n( P ∪ B ∪ C ) = 100% − n( P ∪ B ∪ C )' _ (b) Percentage of students passed in
2019 (II) = 100% − 2% = 98% both Physics and Chemistry = 30% ∴ n( B − A ) = 2 diagonals bisecting each other at 13. If A is a non-empty subset of a
n( P ∪ B ∪ C ) = n( B) + n( P ) Percentage of students passed in both 90°. Then, A ∩ B denotes set E, then what is
1. If X = { a, { b}, c } + n(C ) − n( P ∩ B) Biology and Physics but not Chemistry (a) the set of parallelograms E ∪ ( A ∩ φ) − ( A − φ) equal to?
Y = {{a}, b, c} and − n( P ∩ C ) − n( B ∩ C ) − n( P ∩ B ∩ C ) = (25 − 4)% 2016 (I) (b) the set of rhombuses
(a) A
(c) the set of squares
⇒ 98 = 55 + 62 + 60 − 25 − 28 − 30 = 21% (b) Complement of A
Z = {a, b, {c}}, 9. In a gathering of 100 people, 70 (d) the set of rectangles
+ n( P ∩ B ∩ C ) 30% (c) φ
then ( X ∩ Y ) ∩ Z equals to ∴ Ratio = = 10 : 7
21% of them can speak Hindi, 60 can _ (c) A = diagonals equal and bisecting (d) E
(a) { a, b, c} (b) {{ a}, { b}, {c}} ⇒ n( P ∩ B ∩ C ) = 4%
speak English and 30 can speak each other.
(c) { φ} (d) φ Q Percentage of student passed in all _ (d) E ∪ [( A ∩ φ) − ( A − φ)]
French. Further, 30 of them can B = diagonals bisecting each other
_ (d) Given, X = { a, { b}, c}
three subjects is 4% E∪ A=E
Y = {{ a}, b, c} 3. What percentage of students
2017 (II) speak both Hindi and English,
20 can speak both Hindi and
at 90°.
A is square or rectangle. and B diagonal [Q ( A ∩ φ) = φ and ( A − φ) = A]
Z = { a, b, {c}} passed in exactly one subject? French. If x is the number of bisecting each other at rightangle.
6. Which one of the following is a 14. Let A and B be finite
Then, X ∩ Y = {c} (a) 21 (b) 23 (c) 25 (d) 27 people who can speak both So, A ∩ B = the set of squares.
correct statement? non-empty sets with the number
( X ∩ Y ) ∩ Z = {c} ∩ { a, b, {c}} = φ English and French, then which of elements in A = m and
_ (b) Percentage of students passed in (a) { x : x + 5= 5} = φ one of the following is correct?
exactly one subject + 5= 5} = { 0} number of elements in B = n.
= n( B) + n( P ) + n(C ) − 2{ n( P ∩ B)
(b) { x : x
(c) { x : x + 5= 5} = 0
(Assume that everyone can 2015 (I) Let m > n. If for some integer
2018 (II) + n( B ∩ C ) + n( P ∩ C )} (d) { x : x + 5= 5} = { φ}
speak atleast one of the three
languages)
k ≥ 1, the number of non-empty
+ 3{ n( P ∩ B ∩ C )} 11. Out of 105 students taking an subsets of A = 2 k + the number
Directions (Q. Nos. 2-5) Consider _ (b) Clearly, x + 5 = 5 (a) 9 < x ≤ 30 examination English and
= 55 + 62 + 60 − 2(25 + 28 + 30) + 3( 4) of non-empty subsets of B1 then
⇒ x= 5− 5= 0 (b) 0 ≤ x < 8 Mathematics, 80 students pass
the following for the next 04 (four) = 177 − 166 + 12 = 23% which one of the following is
{ x : x + 5 = 5} = { 0} (c) x = 9
items that follow : in English, 75 students pass in correct?
(d) x = 8
In an examination of class XII, 55% 4. If the number of students in Mathematics 10 students fail in (a) m = n + 2
students passed in Biology, 62% 360, then how many students _ (b) Let A, B and C be the number of both the subjects. How many (b) m = n + 1
passed in Physics, 60% passed in passed in atleast two subjects? 2017 (I) people who can speak Hindi, English and
French respectively.
students pass in only one (c) m = n + p, for some odd prime
number p
Chemistry, 25% passed in Physics (a) 270 (b) 263 (c) 265 (d) 260 subject?
Then, n ( A ) = 70, n ( B) = 60, n(C ) = 30, (d) m = n + t , for some composite
and Biology, 30% passed in Physics _ (a) Percentage of students passed in (a) 26 (b) 30
7. If A = { x : x is a multiple of 7} n ( A ∩ B) = 30, n ( A ∩ C ) = 20 (c) 35 (d) 45
number t
and Chemistry, 28% passed in exactly two subject
Biology and Chemistry. Only 2% B = { x : x is a multiple of 5} and and n ( B ∩ C ) = x _ (b) According to the question,
= n( P ∪ B) + n( P ∩ C ) + n( B ∩ C ) _ (d) Number of students failing in
failed in all the subjects. − 3{ n( P ∩ B ∩ C )} C = { x : x is a multiple of 35} then Venn diagram of the above data is as Mathematics 2m − 1 = 2k + 2n − 1
follows
= 25 + 28 + 30 − 12 = 71% which one of the following is a null = 105 − 75 = 30 ⇒ 2m = 2k + 2n
2. What percentage of students
set? A B Number of students failing in English By taking option (b), m = n + 1
passed in all the three subjects? Percentage of passed atleast two
(a) ( A − B) ∪ C
subjects = 71% + 4% = 75% 20 30 30–x = 105 − 80 = 25 ∴ 2 n +1 = 2 k + 2 n
(a) 6 (b) 5 (b) ( A − B) − C
(c) 4 (d) 3 ∴ Number of students passed ∴ Number of students failing in 1 subject ⇒ 2 ⋅ 2 n = 2 k + 2 n [Q a m + n = a m × a n ]
(c) ( A ∩ B) ∩ C 20 x
75 = (25 + 30) − 10 = 45 ⇒ 2 (2 − 1) = 2 k ⇒ 2 n = 2 k
n
_ (c) Given, n( B) = 55% = × 360 = 270 (d) ( A ∩ B) − C
100 10–x ∴ n = k, which is possible.
n( P ) = 62% C
_ (d) We have,
n(C ) = 60% 5. What is the ratio of number of A = { x : x is a multiple of 7}
Here, B = Biology, P = Physics students who passed in both B = {x : x is a multiple of 5}
and C = Chemistry Physics and Chemistry to
C = {x : x is a multiple of 35}
n( P ∩ B) = 25% number of students who passed
∴ A ∩ B = {x : x is a multiple of 7 and 5}
n( P ∩ C ) = 30% in both Biology and Physics but
not Chemistry? = { x : x is a multiple of 35} = C
n( B ∩ C ) = 28% ∴ ( A ∩ B) − C = C − C = φ
(a) 7 : 10 (b) 10 : 7 (c) 9 : 7 (d) 7 : 9
n( P ∪ B ∪ C )' = 2%
 90 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

Maximum power of 10 that divides the

product = (2 × 5), (10), (12 × 15), (20), 2017 (I) 2016 (I)
( 4 × 25)
Hence, maximum power of 10 that
1 t
12. If 4 x2 y = 128 and

17 divides the product is 6.

8. If x = y=
1
and z =
y a,
where x ≠ 1, y ≠ 1, z ≠ 1, then
what is the value of abc?
1
zb
1
xc
10. If x = t t −1
and y = t

between x and y ?
(a) y x = x 1/ y
(c) x y = y x
, t > 0, t ≠ 1
then what is the relation
t −1

(b) x 1/ y = y1/ x
(d) x y = y1/ x
33 x 32 y − 9 xy = 0 , then the value
of x + y can be equal to
(a) 7 (b) 5

_ (b) Given, 4 2 = 128 ⇒ 2

⇒
x y 2x

2x + y = 7
(c) 3
+ y
(d) 1
= 27

(a) −1 (b) 1 _ (c) We have, …(i)

1 t

LAW OF INDICES
(c) 0 (d) 3 and 3 3x 3 2y − 9 xy = 0
x = t t −1 and y = t t −1 , t > 0, t ≠ 1
_ (b) Given, x = y 1/ a
…(i) t
⇒ 3 3x + 2y = 3 2xy
  1   ⇒ 3x + 2 y = 2 xy
y = z1/ b … (ii) …(ii)
Now, y = t  t −1   = x t …(i)
and z = x 1/c …(iii)   On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
 
Now, x = y1/ a
[from Eq.(i)] t x = 2 and y = 3
t −1
⇒ x = ( z1/ b )1/ a [from Eq.(ii)] y t t −1 −
t 1
∴ x + y=2 + 3= 5
3. If 3 x = 4 y = 12 z , then z is equal _ (b) Given, a = b = c = k
x y z
[let] = 1 = t t −1 t −1 = t t −1 = t
2019 (II) to and abc = 1
⇒ x = (( x 1/c )1/ b )1/ a
1
[from Eq. (iii)]
Again
x
t t −1
1. If 10 n divides 623 × 759 × 1052 , (a) x y (b) x + y
Now, a x = k or a = k1/ x
Similarly, b = k1/ y and c = k1/ z
⇒ x = x abc ⇒
y
=t …(ii) 2015 (I)
xy 1 x
then what is the largest value of (c) (d) 4x + 3 y Now, abc = 1 or k1/ x . k1/ y . k1/ z = 1 ⇒ =1 [Q on compairing]
x + y abc From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 13. What are the possible solutions
n? 1 1 1
 + + 
or abc = 1 y=x y/x
for x of the equation x x = n x x ,
(a) 20 (b) 22 _ (c) 3 = 4 = 12 = k (let)
x y z
or k x y z
=1 ∴ yx = x y
(c) 23 (d) 28 1 [Q a m × a n × a 0 = a] 9. If 2b = a + c and y = xz , then 2 where x and n are positive integers?
3= kx …(i)  1 1 1 11. If 9 x3 = 2187 and
y
(a) 0, n2 (b) 1, n (c) n, n2 (d) 1, n2
_ (a) Let x = 6 × 75 × 105 what is x b − c y c − a z a − b equal to?
23 9 2
 + + 
4 = k1/ y …(ii) or k x y z
= kº 23 x 22 y − 4 xy = 0 , then what can = x x , where x and r
x n
We can also write this expression as _ (a) Given, x
12 = k1/ z …(iii) [Q a 0 = 1m + n]
(a) 3 (b) 2 be the value of ( x + y)? are positive integers.
x = 2 23 × 3 23 × 518 × 3 9 × 5 2 × 3 2 × 7 2
Q 3 × 4 = 12 1 1 1
(c) 1 (d) – 1
On taking log both sides, we get
= 2 23 × 3 34 × 7 2 × 5 20 or + + =0 (a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 7
k1/ x × k1/ y = k1/ z x y z _ (c) Given, 2 b = a + c …(i)
= log[ x x ]
n
If 10 n divides this expression, then n log x x
_ (c) We have, 9 . 3 = 2187
1 1 1 x y
+
must be equal to the number of zero in kx = kz y p −1 q −1 r −1 Now, x b −c y c − a z a− b
the expression, from above expression 6. If a = xy , b = yz , c = zx , ⇒ ( 3 2 )x . 3 y = 2187 ⇒ x log x = log( x x )1/ n = log x x/ n
[by Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii)] 3 2x + y = 3 7 x
we can conclude that there will be 20 then a q − r ⋅ b r − p c ⋅p − q is equal to = x b − c × (( x z)1/ 2 )c − a × z a− b ⇒ ⇒ x log x = log x
1 1 1
number of zero ( 5 20 × 2 20 ) because only ⇒ + = ⇒ 2x + y = 7 …(i) n
x y z (a) abc (b) xyz [Q y = ( x z)1/ 2 ] x
5 and 2 make zero.
(c) 0 (d) None of these c − a
Again, ⇒ x log x − log x = 0
xy   n
So, n = 20 ∴ z=  2  2 3x . 2 2y − 4 xy = 0
x + y = x b − c × ( x z) × z a− b
_ (d) We have, log x  x −  = 0
x
⇒ 2 3x . 2 2y = 4 xy ⇒
Option (c) is correct. a = xy p −1, b = yzq −1, c = zx r −1 c − a
 
c − a
  ⇒ 2 3x + 2y = (2 2 )xy  n 
2019 (I) Now, a b r − pc p −q
q −r

= ( xy p −1 )q − r ( yzq −1 )r − p ( zx r −1 )p −q
= x b−c
× (x )  2 
× z 2 
× z a− b ⇒ 3x + 2 y = 2 xy …(ii) Q log x ≠ 0
x
 2 b − 2c + c − a   c − a + 2a − 2b  From Eqs. (i) and (ii) ∴ =0x−
2. What is the largest value of n 2018 (II) = x q − r y( p −1)(q − r ) ⋅ y r − p z(q −1)( r − p )
⋅ zp −q x ( r −1)( p −q ) = x

 2


×z

 2

 3x + 2(7 − 2 x ) = 2 x (7 − 2 x ) n
x x
such that 10 n divides the = x (q − r ) +( r −1)( p −q ) ⋅ y( p −1)(q − r ) + r − p
⇒ 3x + 14 − 4x = 14x − 4x 2 ⇒ x = ⇒ =n
product 4. If x = y a , y = z b and z = x c , then ⋅ z(q −1)( r − p ) + p −q
2b − a −c  − 2b + a +c 




⇒ 4x 2 − 15x + 14 = 0 n x
= x 2 ×z 2

25 × 33 × 48 × 53 × 67 × 76 × 812 the value of abc is = x q − r + pr −qr − p +q ⋅ y pq − pr −q + r + r − p ⇒ ( x − 2 )( 4x − 7 ) = 0 On squaring both sides, we get

q r − pq − r + p + p −q
⋅z 2b − ( a + c ) ( a + c ) − 2b 7 x2
⇒ x = 2, = n2
×99 × 10 6 × 1512 × 20 14 (a) 1 (b) 2 = x 2q − p + r( p −q −1) ⋅ y 2 r −q + p(q − r −1) = x 2 ×z 2
4 x
(c) –1 (d) 0
×2211 × 2515 ? ⋅ z2 p − r +q ( r − p −1) 2b − 2b 2b − 2b 7 ⇒ x − n 2x = 0
2
∴ y = 3,
_ (a) Given, x = y
a
(a) 65 (b) 55 = x 2 × z 2 [Q a + c = 2 b ] 2 ⇒ x( x − n2 ) = 0
(c) 50 (d) 45 Or, x = ( zb )a (as y = zb ) 21 ∴ x = 0, x = n2
= x ° × y° = 1 × 1 = 1 [Q a 0 = 1] ∴ x + y = 5 or
_ (a) 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 × 6 × 7 × 8 × 9
5 3 8 3 7 6 12 9 Or, x = (( x c )b )a (as z = x c ) 2018 (I) 4 Hence, the possible solution of x is (0, n2).
×10 × 15 × 20 × 22 × 25
6 12 14 11 15 Or, x = x abc
Or, abc = 1 [Q on compairing] 7. What is the largest power of 10
10 makes by = (2 × 5)
that divides the product
Find the number of five (5) in the 5. If a x = b y = c z and abc = 1 , then 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 ×K×23 × 24 × 25?
product 1 1 1
5 3 × 10 6 × 1512 × 2014 × 2515
the value of + + will be (a) 2 (b) 4
x y z (c) 5 (d) None of these
Number of 5
3 + 6 + 12 + 14 + 30 = 65 equal to _ (d) Product of
[Q (10)6 = (2 × 5)6 6 five in this product] (a) −1 (b) 0 1 × 2 × 3 × 4×.....×23 × 24 × 25
(c) 1 (d) 3
10 65 will divide the product n = 65
 92 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

6. Suppose 0 < θ < 90 °, then for OB = travells for 20 min at the speed of 12. Consider the following for real

18
30 km/h numbers α, β, γ and δ
every θ, 4 sin2 θ + 1 is greater 20
= × 30 = 10 km 1. sec α = 1 / 4 2. tan β = 20
than or equal to 60
(a) 2 (b) 4sinθ ∆ADO, ∠DAO = 180°−150° = 30° 3. cosec γ = 1 / 2 4. cos δ = 2
(c) 4cosθ (d) 4 tanθ
sin 30° =
OD OD
=
How many of the above
_ (a) 4sin2 θ + 1 0 < θ < 90° OA 5 statements are not possible?
1 OD (a) One (b) Two
Let θ = 30° θ = 45° =
2 5 (c) Three (d) Four
= 4 sin 30° + 1
2
= 4 sin2 45° + 1
OD = 2.5 km

TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS AND 1

= 4 × + 1= 2
4
1
= 4 × + 1= 3
2
Then, this equation greater than or equal
The distance between the two streets.
DB = DO + OB
_ (c) α, β, γ and δ are real numbers
1. sec α = 1 / 4 [Q Value of sec α lies
between ( − ∞, − 1] ∪ [1, ∞ )
= 2.5 + 10 = 12.5 km It is not possible.

TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES
to 2.
Option (c) is correct. 2. tanβ = 20 [Q value of tanβ lies
Option (a) is correct. between [− ∞, ∞ ] ]
π
7. What is the value of 9. If 3 tan θ = cot θ where 0 ≤ θ < , It is possible.
2 3. cosec γ = 1 / 2 [Q value of
tan1° tan 2 ° tan 3 ° K tan 89 ° ? then what is the value of θ? cosec γ lies between
(a) 0 (b) 1 π π π π ( −∞, − 1] ∪ [1, ∞ )
(c) 2 (d) ∞ (a) (b) (c) (d)
In a right angle triangle, 6 4 3 2
2019 (II) sinθ =
Perpendicular 2019 (I) _ (b) Given, tan1° tan2 ° tan 3° K tan 89° π
It is not possible.
_ (a) Given, 3 tanθ = cot θ 0 ≤ θ < 4. cosδ = 2 [Q value of cosδ lies
Hypotenuse = (tan1° tan 89° ) (tan2 ° tan 88° )K 2 between [−1, 1]
1. If cos2 x + cos x = 1, then what is P 3 4. If tan x = 1, 0 < x < 90 °, then ....(tan 44° tan 45° )tan 45° 1 Q cot θ = 1 
= 3 tanθ = It is not possible.
the value of sin12 x + 3 sin10 x H 5 what is the value of 2 sin x cos x? = 1 × 1K 1 × 1 [Q tanθ tan( 90° − θ) = 1] tanθ  tanθ  Three statements are not correct.
Using Pythagoras theorem,
+ 3 sin8 x + sin6 x? (a)
1
(b) 1 =1 [Q tan 45° = 1] tan2 θ =
1 Then,
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 2 3
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 8 Option (b) is correct. Option (c) is correct.
5 2 = 3 2 + BC 2 3 1
(c) (d) 3 tanθ =
_ (a) Given, cos x + cos x = 1
2
⇒ BC 2 = 5 2 − 3 2 ⇒ BC = 4 2 8. There are two parallel streets 3
cos x = 1 − cos 2 x Base BC each directed North to South.
cos x = sin2 x
cot θ = =
Perpendicular AB
_ (b) Given, tan x = 1, 0 < x < 90°
A person in the first street
[tanθ, value positive in first quadrant]
 1 
2018 (II)
4 4 x = tan− 1(1) travelling from South to North θ = tan−1  −1
 = tan (tan 30° )
⇒ sin12 x + 3 sin10 x + 3 sin8 x + sin6 x cot θ = ⇒ x = [given, cot θ = x]  3 1 π
3 3 x = tan−1(tan 45° ) wishes to take the second street 13. If cos θ = , where 0 < θ < ,
⇒ (sin4 x )3 + 3 (sin4 )2 sin2 x π
∴ x = 45° θ = 30° ⇒ θ = 5 2
⇒ 1 + 3x + 9x 2 + 27 x 3 + 81x 4 + 243x 5 which is on his right side. At
+ 3(sin2 x )2 ⋅ sin4 x + (sin2 x )3
= 2 sin x cos x
6 2 tan θ
⇒ 1 + 3x + 9x 2 + 27 x 3(1 + 3x + 9x 2 ) some place, he makes a 150° Option (a) is correct. then is equal to
[Q ( a + b )3 = a 3 + b 3 + 3a 2b + 3b 2a )] 1 − tan2 θ
⇒ (1 + 3x + 9x 2 )(1 + 27 x 3 ) = 2 sin 45° cos 45° turn to the right and he
⇒ (sin4 x + sin2 x )3 10. What is the value of (b) −4 / 3
4 =2 ×
1
×
1
=1
travels for 15 min at the speed (a) 4 / 3
[Q sin2 x = cos x , sin4 x = cos 2 x ] Now, on putting x = sin2 25 ° + sin2 65 ° ?
3 2 2 of 20 km/h. After that he takes (c) 1 / 3 (d) −2 / 3
⇒ (cos 2 x + cos x )3 a left turn of 60° and travels for
 4  4  
2
 4 
3 Option (b) is correct. (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4 _ (b) We have,
[given, cos 2 x + cos x = 1] 1 + 3 × + 9 ×    1 + 27 ×    20 min at the speed of 30 km/h (b) Given, sin2 25° + sin2 65° 1
3  3  3 cosθ =
⇒ (1)3 = 1    5. What is the value of in order to meet the second = sin 25° + sin ( 90° − 25° )
2 2 5
 4
⇒ 1 + 3 × + 9 ×
16   64  sin 46 ° cos 44 ° + cos 46 ° sin 44 °? street. What is the distance
Option (a) is correct.   1 + 27 ×  = sin 25° + cos 25°
2 2 ⇒ sec θ = 5
 3 9 27  between the two streets?
(a) sin2 ° (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2
2. If 0 < θ < 90 °, sin θ = 3 / 5 and ⇒ (1 + 4 + 16)(1 + 64) = 21 × 65 = 1365
[Q sin( 90°−θ) = cos θ] ⇒ tanθ = sec 2 θ − 1 = 5−1=2
(a) 7.5 km (b) 10.5 km
_ (c) Given,sin 46° cos 44° + cos 46° sin 44° =1 [Q sin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1]
x = cot θ, then what is the value Option (d) is correct. (c) 12.5 km (d) 15 km Q sec θ = 1 
= sin 46° cos( 90° − 46° ) Option (b) is correct.
of 1 + 3 x + 9 x2 + 27 x3 _ (c) There are two parallel streets.  cos θ 
3. What is the value of + cos 46° sin( 90° − 46° )
+ 81x4 + 243 x5 ? 11. What is the value of 2 tanθ 2(2 )
sin19 ° cos 73 ° [Q sin( 90°−θ) = cos θ, cos( 90°−θ) = sinθ] ∴ =
+ ? 150° sin6 θ + cos6 θ + 3 sin2 θ cos2 θ − 1 ? 1 − tan2 θ 1 − (2 )2
(a) 941 (b) 1000 (c) 1220 (d) 1365 cos 71° sin17 ° = sin 46° sin 46° + cos 46° cos 46° A C 4 −4
3 (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4 (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4 = =
_ (d) Given, sinθ = = sin2 46° + cos 2 46° = 1
30° 5 km
1− 4 3
5 sin19° cos 73° _ (a) Given,
_ (c) Given, + [Q sin θ + cos θ = 1]
2 2
Option (b) is correct.
cos 71° sin17 ° 120° sin6 θ + cos 6 θ + 3 sin2 θ cos 2 θ − 1
A Option (c) is correct. D B
sin19° cos 73° O 60° 10 km = (sin2 θ)3 + (cos 2 θ)3 + 3 sin2 θ cos 2 θ 14. If 0 < θ < 90 º, 0 < φ < 90 º and
= + Alternate Method
cos( 90 − 19° ) sin( 90 − 73° ) (sin2 θ + cos 2 θ) − 1
sin 46° cos 44°+ cos 46° sin 44° cos θ < cos φ, then which one of
sin19° cos 73° AO = travells for 15 min at the speed of [Q( a + b )3 = a 3 + b 3 + 3ab ( a + b )]
3 5 = + = 1 + 1= 2 the following is correct ?
sin19° cos 73° = sin( 46°+ 44° ) 20 km/h = (sin2 θ + cos 2 θ)3 − 1 (a) θ < φ
Q sin( 90° − θ) = cos θ, [Q sin A cos B + cos A sin B = sin( A + B)] Distance = speed × time [Q sin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1] (b) θ > φ
 cos( 90° − θ) = sinθ  = sin 90° 15 (c) θ + φ = 90º
  = × 20 = 5 km = (1)3 − 1 = 0
B 4 C Option (c) is correct. =1 60 (d) No conclusion can be drawn
Option (a) is correct.
Trigonometric Ratios and Trigonometric Identities 93 94 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

_ (b) 0 < θ < 90°, 0 < φ < 90° 3 3+

1
=5×
2
_ (c) 1. cos θ + sec θ 9(1 − cos 2 θ) + 25(1 − sin2 θ) 23. What is cot 1° cot 23 ° cot 45 ° ⇒ 2 sin x cos x = 1
and cos θ < cos φ
3 3 3 + 30 sinθ cos θ = 16 cot 67 ° cot 89 ° equal to ? ⇒ sin 2 x = 1
9 + 1 10 Let cos θ + sec θ = is possible π
θ> φ ⇒ = 2 [Q sin θ = 1 − cos θ]
2 2
(a) 0 (b) 1 2x =
3 3 1 3 ⇒ 9 − 9 cos 2 θ + 25 − 25 sin2 θ 2
π 1 1
[cos x is decreasing function in  0,  10 10 ⇒ cos θ + = (c) (d) π
 2  ⇒ = cos θ 2 + 30 sinθ cos θ = 16 2 3 ⇒ x =
3 3 cos 2 θ + 1 3 4
Option (b) is correct. ⇒ = ⇒ 9 cos 2 θ + 25 sin2 θ − 30 sinθ cos θ _ (b) cot1°⋅ cot23°⋅ cot45°⋅ n n
∴ Statement 2 is also correct. cos θ 2 = 9 + 25 − 16  π  π
cot67 °⋅ cot89° tann x + cot n x =  tan  +  cot 
3 Option (c) is correct. ⇒ 2 cos 2 θ + 2 = 3 cos θ  4  4
15. Let sin ( A + B) = and ⇒ ( 3 cos θ − 5 sinθ) = 18
2
= cot 1°⋅ tan( 90° − 23° ).
2 ⇒ 2 cos 2 θ − 3 cos θ + 2 = 0 [Q a 2 + b 2 − 2 ab = ( a − b )2 ] = 1+ 1 = 2
17. Consider the following cot 45°⋅ cot 67 °⋅ tan( 90° − 89° )
3 Q tan π = 1, cot π = 1
cos B = , where A, B are acute statements The above equation has no real roots for Option (d) is correct. [Q tan( 90° − θ) = cot θ]
2 cosθ.  4 4 
p2 + q2 21. If cot θ (1 + sin θ) = 4 m and = cot 1°⋅ tan 67 °⋅ cot 45°⋅ cot 67 °⋅ tan1°
angles. What is tan (2 A − B) 1. cos2 θ = 1 − , where p, q Since, discriminant of the quadratic
equal to ? 2 pq equation is cot θ (1 − sin θ) = 4 n, then which = cot 45° [Q tanθ ⋅ cot θ = 1] 26. If cos x + cos2 x = 1, then what is
(a) 1 / 2 (b) 3 are non-zero real numbers, is D = b − 4ac
2
one of the following is correct? =1 [Qcot 45° = 1] sin2 x + sin4 x equal to ?
(c)
1
(d) 1
possible only when p = q. = ( −3)2 − 4(2 ) (2 ) (a) ( m2 + n2 )2 = mn
3 4 pq 24. Consider the following (a) 1 (b) 1.5
2. tan2 θ = − 1 , where p, q = 9 − 16 (b) ( m2 − n2 )2 = mn statements: (c) 2 (d) 3
_ (c) We have, ( p + q)2 = −7 < 0 (c) ( m2 − n2 )2 = m2n2
_ (a) cos x + cos x = 1
2
1. (sec θ − 1 ) (1 − cosec θ) = 1
2 2 [given]
3 are non-zero real numbers, is ∴ cos θ + sec θ ≠ 15
3 (d) ( m2 + n2 )2 = m2n2 2. sin θ (1 + cos θ)−1
sin( A + B) = . or 1 − cos 2 x = cos x … (i)
2 possible only when p = q. 2 + (1 + cos θ) (sin θ)−1 = 2 cosec θ
_ (b) We have, Now, sin x + sin x
2 4
⇒ A + B = 60° …(i) Which of the statements given ∴ Statement 1 is correct. cot θ(1 + sinθ) = 4m … (i)
1 1
Which of the above is/are = (1 − cos 2 x ) + (1 − cos 2 x )2
3 above is/are correct ? 2. sec 2 θ + cosec 2θ = + cot θ(1 − sinθ) = 4n … (ii)
and cos B = correct? [(Q sin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1]
2 (a) 1 only (b) 2 only cos 2 θ sin2 θ
Multiplying both the equations
sin θ + cos θ
2 2
1
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only = cos x + cos 2 x [from Eq. (i)]
⇒ B = 30° …(ii) (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
= = 16mn = cot 2 θ(1 − sin2 θ) (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
sin2 θ cos 2 θ sin2 θ ⋅ cos 2 θ But, cos x + cos 2 x = 1
On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get p2 + q 2 16mn = cot 2 θ cos 2 θ
_ (c) cos θ = 1 −
2
[Q sin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1] _ (b) Statement 1. ∴ sin2 x + sin4 x = 1
A = 30° 2 pq [Q 1 − sin θ = cos θ] …(iii)
2 2
LHS = (sec 2 θ − 1)(1 − cosec 2 θ)
4 4 Option (a) is correct.
∴ tan(2 A − B) = tan( 60 − 30° ) 0 ≤ cos 2 θ ≤ 1 = = Now, add Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
(2 sinθ cos θ)2 sin2 2θ = (tan2 θ) × ( − cot 2 θ)
= tan 30° =
1
0 ≤ 1−
p2 + q 2
≤1 4 cot θ = 2( m + n) [Q 1 + tan2 θ = sec 2 θ and
27. If sin A + cos A = p and
∴ ≥4
3 2 pq
sin2 2θ
On subtracting Eqs. (ii) from (i), we get 1 + cot 2 θ = cosec 2 θ] sin3 A + cos3 A = q, then
Option (c) is correct. 0 ≤ 2 pq − ( p2 + q 2 ) ≤ 2 pq cot θ sinθ = 2( m − n) = −1 [Q tanθ ⋅ cot θ = 1]
[Q value of sin2 θ lies between (0, 1)] which one of the following is
p + q − 2 pq ≤ 0
2 2 cos θ
16. Consider the following Statement 2 is also correct. × sinθ = 2( m − n) Statement 1 is incorrect. correct?
⇒ ( p − q )2 ≤ 0 sinθ
statements Option (c) is correct. Statement 2. (a) p3 − 3p + q = 0
⇒ cos θ = 2( m − n)
cos θ cos θ It is possible only when p = q LHS (b) q 3 − 3q + 2 p = 0
1. If + = 4, where 19. If sin2 x + sin x = 1, then what is Putting the value of cot θ and cosθ in
1 − sin θ 1 + sin θ ∴Statement 1 is correct. = sinθ(1 + cos θ)−1 + (1 + cos θ) (sinθ)−1 (c) p3 − 3 p + 2q = 0
4 pq the value of cos12 x + 3 cos10 x + Eq. (iii), we get
sinθ 1 + cos θ (d) p3 + 3 p + 2q = 0
0 < θ < 90 º, then θ = 60º. tan2 θ = −1 = +
( p + q )2 3 cos 8 x + cos6 x? 16mn = [2 2( m − n)2 ][2 2( m + n)2 ]
1 + cos θ sinθ
2. If 3 tan θ + cot θ = 5 cos ec θ, (a) –1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 8 = 16( m2 − n2 )2 _ (c) Given, sin A + cos A = p …(i)
⇒ tan2 θ ≥ 0 sin2 θ + (1 + cos θ)2
where 0 < θ < 90 º, then θ = 60º. ⇒ mn2( m2 − n2 )2 = sin3 A + cos 3 A = q …(ii)
⇒
4 pq
− 1≥ 0 _ (c) We have, mn = ( m2 − n2 )2
sinθ (1 + cos θ)
Which of the statements given ( p + q )2 sin2 x + sin x = 1 On squaring Eq. (i), we get
Option (b) is correct. sin2 θ + cos 2 θ + 1 + 2 cos θ
above is/are correct? = (sin A + cos A ) = p 2 2
⇒ 4 pq − ( p + q )2 ≥ 0 ⇒ sin x = 1 − sin2 x = cos 2 x sinθ (1 + cos θ)
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only ⇒ sin2 x = cos 4 x ⇒ sin2 A + cos 2 A + 2 sin A cos A = p2
⇒ ( p + q )2 − 4 pq ≤ 0 [Q ( a + b )2 = a 2 + 2 ab + b 2 ]
(c) Both 1 and 2
(c) We have,
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
⇒ p + q + 2 pq − 4 pq ≤ 0
2 2 ⇒ 1 − cos x = cos x
2 4 2018 (I) 2 + 2 cos θ
or 2 sin A cos A = p2 − 1
⇒ cos 4 x + cos 2 x = 1 = [Q sin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1] [Q sin2 A + cos 2 A = 1]
cos θ cos θ ⇒ ( p − q )2 ≤ 0 sinθ (1 + cos θ)
1. + =4
It is possible only p = q On cubing both sides, 22. What is sin4 θ − cos4 θ equal to p2 − 1
1 − sinθ 1 + sinθ 2 (1 + cos θ) Q cosec θ = 1  ⇒ sin A cos A = …(iii)
∴Statement 2 is correct (cos 4 x + cos 2 x )3 = (1)3 for any real number θ ? =

2
⇒
cos θ (1 + sinθ + 1 − sinθ)
=4 sin θ (1 + cos θ) sinθ 
Option (c) is correct. [Q ( a + b )3 = a 3 + b 3 + 3a 2b + 3ab 2 ] (a) 1 (b) 1 − 2 sin2 θ Now, cubing both sides of Eq. (i), we get
1 − sin θ
2
= 2 cosec θ = RHS
⇒ cos12 x + 3 cos10 x (c) 2 cos 2 θ + 1 (d) 1 − 2 cos 2 θ (sin A + cos A )3 = p3
2 cos θ 18. Consider the following Statement 2 is correct.
⇒ =4 [Q 1 − sin2 θ = cos 2 θ] + 3 cos 8 x + cos 6 x = 1 _ (d) sin θ − cos θ
4 4
sin3 A + cos 3 A
cos θ2
statements
Option (c) is correct. (sin2 θ)2 − (cos 2 θ)2 25. If sec x cosec x = 2 , then what is + 3sin A cos A(sin A + cos A ) = p3
1 1. cos θ + sec θ can never be equal
⇒ cos θ = = cos 60° = (sin2 θ + cos 2 θ) (sin2 θ − cos 2 θ) [Q ( a + b )3 = a 3 + b 3 + 3ab( a + b )]
2 to 1.5 20. If 3 sin θ + 5 cos θ = 4, then what tann x + cot n x equal to?
[Q a 2 − b 2 = ( a + b ) ( a − b )]  p2 − 1
⇒ θ = 60° 2. sec2 θ + cos ec2θ can never be is the value of (3 cos θ − 5 sin θ) ? 2
(a) 2 (b) 2 n + 1 ⇒ q + 3  p = p3 [from Eq. (iii)]
∴ Statement 1 is correct = 1 × (sin2 θ − cos 2 θ) (c) 2 n (d) 2 n − 1  2 
less than 4. (a) 9 (b) 12 (c) 16 (d) 18
2. 3 tanθ + cot θ = 5 cosec θ [Qsin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1] ⇒ 2q + 3 p3 − 3 p = 2 p3
Which of the statements given _ (a) We have.
θ = 60°
_ (d) We have, 3sinθ + 5cos θ = 4 = 1 − cos 2 θ − cos 2 θ ⇒ p3 − 3 p + 2q = 0
put above is / are correct? sec x cosec x = 2
Q 3 tan 60° + cot 60° = 5 cosec 60° (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
On squaring both sides, [Qsin θ = 1 − cos θ]
2 2
1 Hence, option (c) is correct.
=2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 9 sin2 θ + 25 cos 2 θ + 30 sinθ cos θ = 16 = 1 − 2 cos 2 θ sin x cos x
Trigonometric Ratios and Trigonometric Identities 95 96 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

sec2 θ − tan θ Let BC = a and AB = b m2 − n2 π _ (b) We know that hour completes are 2+ 3 _ (c) We know that, AM ≥ GM
28. If x = , then which 32. If sin θ = and 0 < θ < , x2 =
Area of triangle ABC =
1 1
ab = 4x × x
rotation in 12 hours while hand 2− 3 9 tan2 θ + 4 cot 2 θ
sec2 θ + tan θ m2 + n2 2 completes are rotation in 60 minutes. ∴ ≥
2 2 2+ 3 2+ 3 2
one of the following is correct? ab then what is the value of cos θ? ∴ Angle traced by hour hand in 12 hours x2 = × [( 9 tan2 θ)( 4 cot 2 θ)]1/ 2
⇒ x2 = 2− 3 2+ 3
= 2π
(b) x ∉  ,3
1 1 2 mn 2 mn
(a) <x<3 4 (a) (b) x 2 = (2 + 3 )2 9 tan2 θ + 4 cot 2 θ
3  3  m2 + n 2 m2 − n 2 ⇒ Angle traced by the hour hand in 4 ⇒ ≥6
⇒ ab = 4x 2 2
1 1 m2 + n 2 m2 − n 2  36  x =2+ 3
(c) −3 < x < − (d) ≤ x ≤ 3 Using Pythagoras theorem in ∆ABC (c) (d) hrs 36 min i.e.  4 +  hr [Q tanθ ⋅ cot θ = 1]
3 3 2 mn 2 mn  60  x>2
a 2 + b 2 = ( 4x )2 = 16x 2 ⇒ 9 tan2 θ + 4 cot 2 θ ≥ 12
1 sinθ 23 2 π 23 23 π It is true
− ( a + b ) − 2 ab = 16x
2 2 m2 − n 2 or hrs = × = ∴Minimum value of 9 tan2 θ + 4 cot 2 θ is 12.
sec 2 θ − tanθ cos 2 θ cos θ _ (a) We have, sin θ = 5 12 5 30 cos θ sin θ
_ (d) x = =
sinθ ( a + b )2 = 16x 2 + 2 × 4x 2 = 24x 2 m2 + n 2 3. 0° < θ < 45°, +
sec 2 θ + tanθ 1
+ 1 − tan θ 1 − cot θ 2 z tan θ
cos 2 θ cos θ ⇒ a + b = 2 6x cos θ = 1 − sin θ 2
Also, angle traced by the minute hand in 39. If x sin θ = y cos θ = ,
…(i) 60 min = 2 π cos 2 θ sin2 θ 1 − tan2 θ
1 − sinθ cos θ = −
= Now, ( a − b ) = a + b − 2 ab
2 2 2
( m2 − n2 )2 ⇒ The angle traced by the minute hand in cos θ − sin θ cos θ − sin θ then what is 4 z ( x + y2 ) equal
2 2
1 + sinθ cos θ cos θ = 1 − 2π 6π
= 16x 2 − 2 × 4x 2 = 8x 2 ( m2 + n2 )2 36 min = × 36 = to?
cos 2 θ − sin2 θ
2 − 2 sinθ cos θ 2 − sin2θ ⇒ a − b = 2 2x 60 5 ⇒ = cos θ + sin θ
= = …(ii) cos θ − sin θ (a) ( x 2 + y 2 )3 (b) ( x 2 − y 2 )2
2 + 2 sinθ cos θ 2 + sin2θ ( m2 + n2 )2 − ( m2 − n2 )2 Hence, the required angle between two
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get cos θ = (c) ( x 2 − y 2 )3 (d) ( x 2 + y 2 )2
( m2 + n2 )2 hands Maximum value of cos θ + sin θ is 2
[Q 2 sinθ cos θ = sin2θ] 2 a = 2 6x + 2 2 x 2 z tanθ
=
6 π 23 π 36 π − 23 π 13 π
− = = [Q Maximum value of _ (b) Let x sinθ = ycos θ = =k
We know that, minimum and maximum a = ( 6 + 2 )x 4 m 2n 2 1 − tan2 θ
value of sin2θ are −1 and 1. cos θ = 5 30 30 30 a cos θ + b sinθ = a2 + b 2 ]
On subtracting Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get ( m2 + n2 )2 2π 3π Taking x sinθ = y cos θ
2 − ( −1) Which lies between and
∴ x = =3 [sin2θ = −1] 2 b = 2 6x − 2 2 x 2 mn 5 5
False
⇒
y
= tanθ …(i)
2 + ( −1) cos θ =
m2 + n 2 ∴ Statements 1 and 2 are true. x
2 −1 1 b = ( 6 − 2 )x Q 2 π = 12 π and 3 π = 18 π 
and x = = [sin2θ = 1]  5 30 5 30  sin1° Now, x = k cosec θ …(ii)
2 +1 3 Now in ∆ABC sin 45 ° − sin 30 36. The value of , where 1c
33. If A = and sin1c y = k sec θ …(iii)
b ( 6 − 2 )x cos 45 ° + cos 60 °
Option (b) is correct.
1
Hence, ≤ x ≤ 3 tanC = =  y2 
a ( 6 + 2 )x represents 1 radian is 1− 2 
3 sec 45 ° − tan 45 ° 35. Consider the following  1 − tan2 θ 
6− 2 6− 2 B= , then (a) equal to 1 and z = k   = k x 
= × cosec 45 ° + cot 45 ° statements  2 tanθ   2. y 
29. What angle does the hour hand (b) less than 1  
6+ 2 6− 2 1. If 45 ° < θ < 60 °, then (c) greater than 1 but less than 2  x 
of a clock describe in 10 min of which one of the following is
time? ( 6 − 2 )2 6+ 2 − 4 3 8− 4 3 correct? sec2 θ + cosec2 θ = α 2 for some (d) greater than 2  x 2 − y2 x   x 2 − y2 
= = = k ×  = k  …(iv)
(a) 1º (b) 5º (c) 6º (d) 10º ( 6 )2 − ( 2 )2 6−2 4 (a) A = B (b) A > B > 0 real number α > 1 _ (b) We know that  x2 2 y  2 xy 
∴ tanC = 2 − 3 (c) A < B (d) B < A < 0 2. If 0 ° < θ < 45 °, then 1 radian = 57 ° [approx]
_ (b) The hour hand of the clock covers 1 + cos θ From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), we get
= x2 for some real ∴ sin1° < sin 57 °
360º in 12 h. _ (a) We have, x 2 + y 2 = k 2(cosec 2θ + sec 2 θ)
∴Angle covered by hour hand in 1 h sin 45° − sin 30° 1 − cos θ sin 1°
A= ⇒ <1 [Q sin 57 °> sin1° ] = k 2(tan2 θ + cot 2 θ + 2 )
or 60 min =
360
= 30º
2017 (II) cos 45° + cos 60° number x > 2. sin 57 °
[Q sec 2 θ = 1 + tan2 θ,cosec 2θ = 1 + cot 2 θ]
12 1 1 3. If 0 ° < θ < 45 ° , then sin 1°
− ⇒ <1
π cos θ sin θ sin 1c
And angle covered by hour hand in 31. If 0 < x < , then (sinx + cosec x) A= 2 2 + ≥2 = k 2(tanθ + cot θ)2
30 2 1 1 1 − tan θ 1 − cot θ
10 min = × 10 = 5º +  y x
2
60 is 2 2 ⇒ x + y2 = k 2  + 
2

(a) > 2 (b) < 2 2 −1

What is the number of true
statements?
2017 (I) x y
30. ABC is a right angled triangle (c) ≥ 2 (d) ≤ 2 = 2
2 +1  x 2 + y2 
with base BC and height (a) Zero (b) One 37. If D is the number of degrees = k2 
AB.The hypotenuse AC is four _ (a) We have sec 45° − tan 45° (c) Two (d) Three  xy 
 π B= and R is the number of radians
times the length of the sin x + cosec x and x ∈  0,  cosec 45° + cot 45° x 2 + y2
 2 _ (c) We have, in an angle θ, then which one of ⇒ k2 =
perpendicular drawn to it from 2 −1 1. 45° < θ < 60° the following is correct?  x 2 + y2 
2

sin x + cosec x B=  
the opposite vertex. What is ∴ ≥ sin x cosec x 2 +1 sec 2 θ + cosec 2 θ = α 2 (a) πD = 180R (b) πD = 90R
2  xy 
tan C equal to θ = 45° sec 2 45° + cosec 2 45° (c) πR = 180D (d) πR = 90D
[Q AM ≥ GM ] Hence, A=B x 2 y2 x 2 y2
(a) 2 − 3 (b) 3 − 1 = (x 2 + y2 ) × =
sin x + cosec x =2 + 2 = 4 _ (c) We know that, ( x 2 + y 2 )2 x 2 + y2
(c) 2 + 3 (d) 3 + 1 ≥1 34. If θ measured in radians is the
2 [Q sec 45° = 2 ,cosec 45° = 2 ) π Radian = 180°
_ (a) According to the question, angle between the hour and the 180°
From Eq. (iv), we get
Q cosecx = 1  when θ = 60° ∴ 1 Radian = 2
A minute hand of a clock when  x 2 y2   x 2 − y2 
 sin x  4 16 π z2 =  2  
the time is 4 : 36 pm, then ∴ sec 2 60° + cosec 2 60° = 4 + =
3 3 180°  x + y 2   2 xy 
⇒ sin x + cosec x ≥ 2 which one of the following is ⇒ R Radian =
16 π ∴ 4 z2( x 2 + y 2 ) =
 π correct? 4 < α2 < True
4x
b Since x ∈  0,  3 ⇒ π R = 180°D 2
 2 3π 4π 2π 3π  x 2 y2   x 2 − y2 
x (a) <θ< (b) <θ< 2. 0°< θ < 45° 4 2   (x 2 + y2 )
∴ sin x + cosec x > 2 5 5 5 5
1 + cos θ
38. What is the minimum value of  x + y 2   2 xy 
π 2π 7π 8π = x2
(c) ≤ θ ≤ (d) ≤θ≤ 9 tan2 θ + 4 cot2 θ ?
C B 5 5 15 15 1 − cos θ ⇒ ( x 2 − y 2 )2
a
1 + cos 30° (a) 6 (b) 9 Option (b) is correct.
put θ = 30° ⇒ (c) 12 (d) 13
1 − cos 30
Trigonometric Ratios and Trigonometric Identities 97 98 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

40. If cos θ1 + cos θ2 + cos θ3 = 3 then cos4 A − sin4 A Now, (sinθ − cos θ)2 = sin2 θ + cos 2 θ On multiplying both sides of Eq. (ii) by 2, 50. If A = sin2 θ + cos4 θ, where (1 − sin A )(1 + sin A ) + (1 − sin A )2 
43. What is equal to? − 2 sinθ cos θ then subtract the result from Eq. (i), we  
cos2 A − sin2 A π + 2 cos A(1 − sin A ) 
what is sin θ1 + sin θ2 + sin θ3 get 0 ≤ θ < , then which one of the = 
3 4− 3 (1 − sin A )(1 + sin A ) − (1 − sin A )2
equal to? (a) cos 2 A − sin2 A (b) cos A − sin A = 1− ⇒ 2
4 4 x sin θ − 2 y cos θ − 4x sin θ + 2 y cos θ
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 1 (d) 2
1 = 0 − 6sin θ cos θ following is correct? [Q a 2 − b 2 = ( a − b )( a + b )]
(c) 2 (d) 3 cos A − sin4 A
4 ⇒ (sinθ − cos θ)2 =
⇒ − 3x sin θ = − 6 sin θ cos θ 3 (1 − sin A )[(1 + sin A ) + (1 − sin A ) + 2 cos A ]
_ (c) We have, 4 (a) 1 ≤ A ≤ 2 (b) ≤ A ≤ 1 =
_ (a) We have, cos 2 A − sin2 A 1 − 6 sin θ cos θ 4 (1 − sin A ) [(1 + sin A) − (1 − sin A )]
(cos A ) − (sin2 A )2
2 2 ∴ sinθ − cos θ = ⇒ x =
cos θ1 + cos θ 2 + cos θ 3 = 3 …(i) = 2 − 3 sin θ 13 3 13 2 + 2 cos A 1 + cos A
cos A − sin A
2 2 (c) ≤ A≤2 (d) ≤ A ≤ = =
Since 0 ≤ cosθ ≤ 1 ⇒ x = 2 cos θ 16 4 16 2 sin A sin A
(cos 2 A + sin2 A )(cos 2 A − sin2 A ) 46. If sin x + sin2 x = 1, then what is …(iii)
∴ From Eqs. (i) to be true = On putting x = 2 cos θ in Eq. (i), we get _ (b) The value of A, when θ = 0°, Option (a) is correct.
(cos 2 A − sin2 A ) the value of
cos θ1 = cos θ 2 = cos θ 3 = 1 2 cos θ sin θ − 2 y cos θ = 0
[Q a 2 − b 2 = ( a + b )( a − b )] cos8 x + 2 cos6 x + cos4 x? 2 cos θ sin θ
sin2 θ + cos 4 θ = 1 52. Consider the following
∴ θ1 = θ 2 = θ 3 = 2 nπ ⇒ y=
Now, sinθ1 + sinθ 2 + sinθ 3 = cos 2 A + sin2 A = 1 (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4 2 cos θ When θ = 45°, I. sin 1° > sin 1c
⇒ y = sin θ
1 1 3
sin2 θ + cos 4 θ = + = II. cos 1° < cos 1c
_ (b) Given, sin x + sin x = 1
2
= sin2 nπ + sin2 nπ + sin2 nπ 44. If 7 sin x + 3 cos x = 4,0
2 2 …(iv)
2 4 4
= 0+ 0+ 0 [Q sin2 nπ = 0] ⇒ sin x = 1 − sin2 x ∴ x 2 + 4 y 2 = (2 cos θ)2 + 4(sin θ)2 III. tan 1° > tan 1c
< x < 90 º, then what is the value When θ = 30°,
=0 ⇒ sin x = cos 2 x …(i) [from Eqs. (iii) and (iv)] Which of the above are not
of tan x? 1
sin2 θ + cos 4 θ = +
9
=
13
Now, cos 8 x + cos 6 x + cos 4 x = 4 cos 2 θ + 4 sin2 θ correct?
41. What is the value of θ which 3 1 4 16 16
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) (d)
= (cos x ) + 2(cos x ) + (cos x )
2 4 2 3 2 2 = 4(cos θ + sin θ)
2 2
3
(a) I and II
satisfies the equation 2 3 ∴ Value of A, ≤ A ≤ 1 (b) II and III
cos θ + tan θ = 1 ? = sin4 x + 2 sin3 x + sin2 x =4 [Q cos 2 θ + sin2 θ = 1] 4
_ (d) We have, [from Eq. (i )]
(c) I and III
(a) 0º (b) 30º 7 sin x + 3 cos x = 4
2 2
1+ 3 cot A + cosec A − 1 (d) I, II and III
= sin x (sin x + 2 sin x + 1)
2 2
49. If sin θ + cos θ = , where 51. What is
(c) 45º (d) 60º Dividing both sides by cos 2 x
= sin2 x (sin x + 1)2 2 cot A − cosec A + 1 _ (d) We know that,
_ (a) We have, sin2 x cos 2 x 4 π 180
⇒ 7 +3 = = [(sin x )(sin x + 1)]2 0 < θ < , then what is equal to? radian = degree
cos θ + tanθ = 1 cos 2 x cos 2 x cos 2 x 2 π
= (sin2 x + sin x )2 1 + cos A 1 − cos A
When θ = 0° ⇒ 7 tan2 x + 3 = 4 sec 2 x tan θ + cot θ equal to? (a) (b) = 57 ° 17 ′45 ′′
= (1)2 [Q sin2 x + sin x = 1] 3 1 4 sin A sin A
cos 0° + tan 0° = 1 + 0 = 1 ⇒ 7 tan2 x + 3 = 4(1 + tan2 x ) (a) (b) (c) 3 (d) 1 + sin A 1 − sin A Now,
=1 4 3 3 (c) (d)
When θ = 30° [Q 1 + tan x = sec x ]
2 2
cos A cos A I. sin 1° > sin 1c
⇒ 7 tan2 x + 3 = 4 + 4 tan2 x 47. What is the value of cosec2 68°+ 1+ 3 180°
cos 30° + tan 30° =
3
+
1
=
5 _ (d) Given, sin θ + cos θ = cot A + cos ec A − 1 ⇒ sin 1° > sin
⇒ 3 tan2 x = 1 2 _ (a) Let y = π
2 3 2 3 sec2 56° − cot2 34 ° − tan2 22°? cot A − cos ec A + 1
When θ = 45° 1 On squaring both sides, we get
cos A 1 False, since sin θ is an increasing
⇒ tan2 x = [Q 0 < x < 90° ] 1 2 + −1 function for
3 (a) 0 (b) (c) 1 (d) 2 1 + 3
1 1+ 2 (sin θ + cos θ)2 =  sin A sin A
cos 45° + tan 45° = + 1= 2  = π
2 2 ⇒ tan x =
1  2  cos A 1 θ ∈  0, .
_ (d) We have, cosec 68° + sec 56°
2 2 − +1  2 
3 sin A sin A
When θ = 60° ⇒ sin2 θ + cos 2 θ + 2 sin θ cos θ
− cot 2 34° − tan2 22 ° 180°
1 12 + ( 3 )2 + 2 × 1 × 3  cos θ 1  II. cos 1° < cos
cos 60° + tan 60° = + 3 = cosec 68° − tan 22 ° Q cot θ = sin θ and cosec θ = sin θ  π
2 2
2 =
1+ 2 3
2016 (II) + sec 56° − cot 34°
2 2 4
[Q( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab]

cos A + 1 − sin A
 False, since cosθ is an decreasing
= = cosec 2 68° − tan2( 90° − 68° ) = function for
2 1+ 3 + 2 3 cos A − 1 + sin A π
∴It is clear that, cos θ + tanθ = 1 is valid 7 + sec 2 56° − cot 2( 90° − 56° ) ⇒ 1 + 2 sin θ cos θ = θ ∈  0, .
45. If sin θ + cos θ = , then what is 4 cos A + (1 − sin A )  2 
only when θ = 0° . 2 = cosec 2 68° − cot 2 68° + sec 2 56° [Qsin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1] =
cos A − (1 − sin A ) 180°
sin θ − cos θ equal to? − tan2 56° III. tan 1° > tan
42. What is the value of 4+2 3 π
⇒ 2 sin θ cos θ = −1 cos A + (1 − sin A )
(a) 0 (b)
1
(c) 1 (d) 2 [Q tan( 90°−θ) = cot θ cot, ( 90°−θ) = tanθ] 4 × False, since tanθ is an increasing
1 1 cos A + (1 − sin A )
sin x + ?
2 = 1+ 1= 2 4+2 3−4 2 3 function for
1 + cos x 1 − cos x = = [by rationalisation] π
[Q cosec 2θ − cot 2 θ = 1, sec 2 θ − tan2 = 1] θ ∈  0, .
7
_ (b) Given, sin θ + cos θ = 4 4
(a) 2 (b) 2 2 2 [cos A + (1 − sin A )]2  2 
(c) 2 tan x (d) 0 On squaring both sides, we get
48. If 2 y cos θ = x sin θ and ⇒ 2 sin θ cos θ =
3 =
2 cos 2 A − (1 − sin A )2 1
 7
2 2 x sec θ − y cosec θ = 3, then 53. If tan2 x + = 2 and
_ (a) We have, 3 [Q( a − b )( a + b ) = a 2 − b 2] tan2 x
(sin θ + cos θ)2 =   what is x2 + 4 y2 equal to? ∴ sin θ cos θ = …(i)
sin x
1
+
1  2  4 cos 2 A + (1 − sin A )2  0 ° < x < 90 °, then what is the
1 + cos x 1 − cos x 7 (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 8 sin θ cos θ   value of x ?
Now, tan θ + cot θ = + + 2 cos A(1 − sin A )
1 − cos x + 1 + cos x
⇒ sin2 θ + cos 2 θ + 2 sin θ cos θ =
cos θ sin θ = 
= sin x 4 _ (c) Given, 2 ycos θ = x sin θ cos 2 A − (1 − sin A )2 (a) 15° (b) 30°
(1 + cos x )(1 − cos x ) [Q ( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab ] ⇒ x sin θ − 2 y cos θ = 0 …(i) sin2 θ + cos 2 θ 1 (c) 45° (d) 60°
= = [Q ( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab ]
[1 − cos 2 θ = sin2 θ] ⇒ 1 + 2 sinθ cos θ =
7 and 2 x sec θ − ycosec θ = 3 cos θ sin θ sin θ cos θ _ (c) Given,
2 2 4 2x y (1 − sin2 A ) + (1 − sin A )2  1
= sin x = sin x ⇒ − =3 =
1
[from Eq. (i)]   tan2 x + =2
7 cos θ sin θ + 2 cos A(1 − sin A ) 
1 − cos 2 x sin2 x ⇒ 2 sinθ cos θ = − 1  3 =  tan2 x
4    (1 − sin2 A ) − (1 − sin A )2
2 1 1   4  ⇒ tan x + 1 − 2 tan2 x = 0
4
= sin x . = 2
⇒ 2 sinθ cos θ =
3 Q sec θ = cos θ and cosecθ = sin θ 
sin x   4 [Qcos 2 θ = 1 − sin2 θ] ⇒ (tan2 x − 1)2 = 0
4 =
⇒ 2 x sin θ − y cos θ = 3 sin θ cos θ …(ii) 3
Trigonometric Ratios and Trigonometric Identities 99 100 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

⇒ tan2 x − 1 = 0 2. Q AM ≥ GM y 1 − tanθ cos θ sinθ cos 2 θ + sin2 θ

55. What is the value of tan1° tan 2 ° = …(iv) P= + = _ (b) Q 3 − tan θ = α (1 − 3 tan θ)
2 2

[Q a 2 + b 2 − 2 ab = ( a − b )2 ] tan 3 ° tan 4 ° ... tan 89 °? m+ n b sec 2 θ sinθ cos θ sinθ cos θ

∴ ≥ mn, so mn ≥ ( m + n) ⇒ ( 3 α − 1) tan2 θ = α − 3
2 x 1 + tan θ y 1 − tan θ 1
⇒ tan x = 1
2
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3 = and = = α −3
does not hold true for m, n a sec 2 θ b sec 2 θ sinθ cos θ ⇒ tan2 θ =
⇒ tan x = ± 1 _ (b) We have, tan 1° tan 2 ° tan 3° … belonging to natural numbers. 3α − 1
q = sec θ − cos θ
⇒ tan x = 1 [Q 0°< x < 90° ] tan 89° Let’s take an example. x2 y2 (1 + tan θ)2 + (1 − tan θ)2 As, tan2 θ ≥ 0, then
∴ + = 1 1 − cos 2 θ
⇒ tan x = tan 45° = tan 1° tan 2 ° tan 3° K tan 45° tan 46° If m = 1, then n ≥ 1 + n this cannot a2 b2 sec 4 θ q = − cos θ = α −3
cos θ cos θ ≥0
∴ x = 45° tan 47 ° K tan 89° be true. 2 + 2 tan2 θ 3α − 1
= = sin2 θ sec θ
= (tan 1° tan 89° ) ⋅ (tan 2 ° tan 88° ) K Hence, neither 1 nor 2 is correct.
sec 4 θ 1
54. Consider the following ∴( p2q )2/ 3 − (q 2 p)2/ 3 ⇒ α ≥ 3 or α ≤
(tan 44° tan 46° ) ⋅ tan 45° x y 3
cos 75 ° sin 12 ° cos 18° 2 (1 + tan θ) 2
+ − =1 58. If − tan θ = 1 and = = (co sec 2 θ ⋅ sec 2 θ ⋅ sin2 θ ⋅ sec θ)2/ 3

α∈  −∞,  ∪ [3, ∞ )
I. = 1⋅ 1 K 1 = 1 [Q tan θ tan ( 90° − θ) = 1] a b 1
sin 15 ° cos 78° sin 72 ° sec 4 θ − (sin4 θ ⋅ sec 2 θ ⋅ co sec θ ⋅ sec θ)2/ 3 ∴
x y  3 
cos 35 ° sin 11° tan θ + = 1, then the value of 2 sec 2 θ = (sec 3 θ)2/ 3 − (sin3 θ ⋅ sec 3 θ)2/ 3
II. − + = = 2 cos 2 θ
sin 55 ° cos 79 ° 2016 (I) a
x2 y2
b
sec 4 θ = sec 2 θ − sin2 θ ⋅ sec 2 θ
63. 
sin 35 ° 
 −
2
 cos 55 ° 

2

cos 28° cosec 62 ° = 1 + 2 is [Q 1 + tan θ = sec θ]

2 2 = sec 2 θ (1 − sin2 θ) = 1  cos 55 °   sin 35 ° 
sin 80 ° 4 a2 b + 2 sin 30 ° is equal to
III. − sin 59 ° sec 31° = 0 56. If tan θ + cot θ = , where 59. Consider the following cos2 θ − 3cos θ + 2
cos 10 ° 3 (a) 2 sec 2 θ (b) sec 2 θ 61. If = 1, where (a) − 1 (b) 0
π (c) cos 2 θ (d) 2 cos 2 θ 1 − cos θ sin2 θ
Which of the above are correct? 0 < θ < , then sin θ + cos θ is 1. = cosec θ − cot θ π (c) 1 (d) 2
(a) I and II 2 _ (d) Given,
x y
− tan θ = 1 …(i) 1 + cos θ 0 <θ< , then which of the  sin 35° 
2
 cos 55° 
2

equal to a b 2 _ (c)   −  + 2 sin 30°

(b) II and III 1 + cos θ following statement(s) is/are cos 55°   sin 35° 
x y = cosec θ + cot θ
(c) I and III 3 −1 and tan θ + =1 ...(ii) 2. 2
(d) I, II and III (a) 1 (b) a b 1 − cos θ correct?
=
sin ( 90° − 55° )
2  
cos 75° sin 12 ° cos 18° 3+1
On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 1.There are two values of θ cos 55°
_ (d) I. LHS + − (c) (d) 2 x Which of the above is/are
sin 15° cos 78° sin 72 ° 1− satisfying the above equation. cos ( 90° − 35° )
2
−
2 −y identity/ identities are correct? 1
a +2 ×
cos ( 90° − 15° ) sin ( 90° − 78° ) 4 = (a) Only 1 2. θ = 60 ° is satisfied by the above  sin 35°  2
= + _ (c) We have, tanθ + cot θ = b tanθ
sin 15° cos 78° 3 (b) Only 2 equation. Q sin( 90° − θ) = cos θ,
[by solving Eq. (i)]
sinθ cos θ (c) Both 1 and 2 Select the correct answer using  
cos ( 90° − 72 ° )
− ⇒ + =
4 y (1 − x / a ) cos( 90° − θ) = sinθ 
cos θ sinθ =− …(iii) (d) Neither 1 nor 2 the codes given below.
sin 72 ° 3 tanθ  cos 55° 
2 2
b  sin 35° 
[Q sin( 90°−θ) = cos θ,cos( 90°−θ) = sinθ] sin θ + cos θ
2 2
4 _ (c) 1. (a) Only 1 =  −  +1
⇒ = y x
= 1 − tan θ …(iv)  cos 55°   sin 35° 
sin 15° cos 78° sin 72 ° cos θ ⋅ sinθ 1 − cos θ 1 − cos θ 1 − cos θ (b) Only 2
= + −
3 b a = ×
1 + cos θ 1 + cos θ 1 − cos θ (c) Both 1 and 2 = 12 − 12 + 1 = 1
sin 15° cos 78° sin 72 ° 1 4 3 [by solving Eq.(iii)]
⇒ = ⇒ sin2 θ = (d) Neither 1 nor 2
= 1 + 1 − 1 = 1 = RHS sin2 θ 3 2 From Eqs. (iii) and (iv) (1 − cos θ)2
= cos θ − 3cos θ + 2
2

cos 35° sin 11°

2
π π

1− 
x 1 − cos 2 θ _ (b)Q
sin2 θ
=1 2015 (II)
II. LHS = − + cos 28° ⇒ 2θ = ⇒ θ= a  = 1 − x tanθ
sin 55° cos 79° 3 6  (1 − cos θ) 2
1 − cos θ ⇒ cos 2 θ − 3cos θ + 1 + 1 − sin2 θ = 0
π π  tanθ  a = = 64. Consider the following
cosec 62 ° ∴ sinθ + cos θ = sin + cos   sin2 θ sinθ ⇒ cos 2 θ − 3 cos θ + 1 + cos 2 θ = 0
6 6 statements
cos ( 90° − 55° ) sin ( 90° − 79° ) x x  [Q 1 − cos 2 θ = sin2 θ] ⇒ 2 cos 2 θ − 3cos θ + 1 = 0
= − 1 3 3+1 1− = tanθ tanθ − 1 1 − tan θ 
2
sin 55° cos 79° = + = a  ⇒ (2 cos θ − 1) (cos θ − 1) = 0 1 + tan2 θ
2 2 2
a = cosec θ − cot θ 1. =   is true
1  1 
x x
1 − = tan2 θ − tanθ
Hence, statement 1 is true. 1
⇒ cos θ = or cos θ = 1 1 + cot2 θ  1 − cot θ 
+ cos 28°⋅ Q sinθ = 57. Consider the following 1 + cos θ 1 + cos θ 1 + cos θ π π
sin 62 °  cosec θ 
a a 2
2. = × ∴ θ = 60° or θ = 0° for all 0 < θ < , θ ≠
statements x 1 − cos θ 1 − cos θ 1 + cos θ 2 4
sin 55° cos 79° cos ( 90° − 62 ° ) 1 + tanθ = (tan2 θ − 1) π
= − + 1. There exists a positive real a But, 0 < θ < (given) 1
sin 55° cos 79° sin 62 ° x 1 + tanθ (1 + cos θ)2 2 2. cot θ = is true for
number m such that = …(v) = tan θ
= 1− 1+ 1 [Q cos( 90 − θ) = sin θ ] cos x = 2 m + 1. sec 2 θ 1 − cos 2 θ Then,
a θ = 45 °only.
(1 + cos θ)2 Only θ = 60º is correct
= 1 = RHS 2. mn ≥ m + n, for all m, n Eq. (v) put in Eq. (iii) = Which of the above statement(s)
Hence, only statement 2nd is correct.
sin 80° belonging to set of natural 1 − 1 + tanθ sin θ2
is/are correct?
III. LHS = − sin 59° sec 31° numbers.
cos 10° −y sec 2 θ 1 + cos θ 62. Which of the following is (a) Only 1
= =
sin 80° Which of the above statement(s) b tanθ sin θ correct in respect of the (b) Only 2
= − sin 59° sec ( 90°−59° ) is/are correct? (c) Both 1 and 2
cos ( 90°−80° ) − y sec 2 θ − 1 − tanθ = cosec θ + cot θ
equation
= (d) Neither 1 nor 2
sin 80°
(a) Only 1 b tanθ sec 2 θ 3 − tan2 θ = α(1 − 3 tan2 θ)? (given
= − sin 59° cos ec 59° (b) Only 2 Hence, statement 2 is true.
sin 80° − y tan2 θ − tanθ that α is a real number.) _ (a) 1. LHS
(c) Both 1 and 2 = 1 + tan2 θ sec 2 θ
tanθ sec 2 θ
60. If p = cot θ + tan θ and = = = tan2 θ
(a) α ∈  , 3
1 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 b 1
= 1 − sin 59°  3  1 + cot 2 θ cos ec 2θ
sin 59° −1 and 1, [Q 1 + tan θ = sec θ]
2 2 q = sec θ − cos θ, then
_ (d) 1. As cos x lies mbetween
( p2 q)2 /3 − (q2 p)2 /3 is equal to
2
then cos x = 2+1
  
(b)α ∈  −∞,  ∪ [3, ∞ )
does not exist tanθ(1 − tanθ) 1
= 1 − 1 = 0 = RHS y
=  1 − tanθ 
2
 1 − tanθ 
for positive value of m. b tanθ sec θ 2
(a) 0 (b) 1
 3  RHS =   = 
(c) 2 (d) 3  1  1 − cot θ  1− 1 
(c) α ∈  −∞,  ∪ [3, ∞ )  tanθ 
 3
_ (b) We have, p = cot θ + tan θ
(d) None of the above
Trigonometric Ratios and Trigonometric Identities 101 102 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

 (1 − tanθ)tanθ 
2
cot( 90° − 70° + x )° 70. If a and b are positive, then the ⇒ cos C =
sin A ⇒ tan2 A( 3k – 1) = k – 3
=
 tanθ − 1 

cot( 90 − 50 + x )° = 1 2a + 3b 2015 (I) 1 − sin2 A ⇒ tan2 A =
k–3
relation sin θ = is 3k – 1
= tan2 θ ⇒ tan( x + 40)° tan( x + 20)° tan( 3x )° 3b From Eqs. (i) and (iv), we get
π 0
74. If tan( A + B) = 3 and tan A = 1, k–3 k–3
At θ = , RHS = form, which is cot(20 + x )° cot( 40 + x )° = 1 (a) not possible 2 − x2 x ⇒ tan A = =
4 0 (b) possible only if a = b then tan( A – B) is equal to = 3k – 1 3k – 1
⇒ tan( 3x )° = 1 [Q tanθ cot θ = 1] (c) possible, if a > b 3− x 2 1 − x2
indeterminante form. (a) 0 (b) 1 In right angled ∆ABC,
∴ Statement 1 is correct. ⇒ tan( 3x )° = tan 45° (d) possible, if a < b 1
(c) (d) 2 2 − x2 × 1 − x2 AC 2 = BC 2 + AB2
1 ⇒ 3x = 45 3 ⇒ x =
2. cot θ = ⇒ tanθ ⋅ cot θ = 1 _ (a) We have, 3−x 2 ⇒ AC 2 = ( k – 3 )2 + ( 3k – 1)2
tanθ ∴ x = 15 2 a + 3b
sinθ = = 1+
2a _ (c) Given, tan( A + B) = 3 ⇒ AC 2 = k – 3 + 3k – 1
Which is true for all values of θ. 3b 3b On squaring both sides, we get
Hence, Statement 2 is incorrect but 68. If θ is an acute angle and ⇒ tan( A + B) = tan 60° ⇒ AC 2 = 4k – 4
Since, sinθ is always smaller or equal to
∴ A + B = 60° ...(i) ( 3 − x 2 )x 2 = (2 − x 2 )(1 − x 2 )
⇒ AC 2 = 4( k – 1)
Statement 1 is correct. sin θ cos θ = 2 cos θ −1. 5 cos θ,
3
1 but 1 +
2a
> 1. [Q a > 0] and tan A = 1 ⇒ 3x − x
2 4
= 2 − 2x − x + x2 2 4
3 ∴ AC = 2 k – 1
65. If x = a cos θ and y = b cot θ, then then what is sin θ equal to? Hence, it is not possible. ⇒ tan A = tan 45° ⇒ 3x − x 2 4
= 2 − 3x + x
2 4
From the figure,
(ax −1 − by −1) (ax −1 + by −1) is equal 5 −1 1− 5 ∴ A = 45° ⇒ x 4 − 3x 2 + 2 − 3x 2 + x 4 = 0
(a)
4
(b)
4 71. If tan θ + sec θ = 2 , then tan θ is From Eq. (i), A + B = 60° ⇒ 2 x 4 − 6x 2 + 2 = 0
C
to
5+1 5+1 equal to ⇒ 45°+ B = 60° ⇒ B = 15° ⇒ x 4 − 3x 2 + 1 = 0
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) (d) −

1
4 4 3 5 Now, tan( A – B) = tan( 45° – 15° )

–
(c) tan2 θ (d) sin2 θ Let x2 = t √k – 3

√k
(a) (b)
1

2
4 4 = tan 30° =
_ (b) We have, x = a cosθ and y = b cot θ _ (a) We have, 3 5 ∴ t 2 − 3t + 1 = 0
3 3
sinθ cos θ = 2 cos θ − cos θ
3 (c) (d) Now, comparing at 2 + bt + c = 0, A B
 a b  a b a b 2 2
2 2 2 1
√3k – 1
∴  −  +  = 2 − 2 Hence, the value of tan( A – B) is . we get
x y  x y x y ⇒ 2 sinθ cos θ = 4 cos 3 θ − 3 cos θ _ (a) We have, tanθ + sec θ = 2 3
a = 1, b = −3 and c = 1 sin A =
BC
=
k–3
a2 b2 cosθ ≠ 0; 2 sinθ = 4 cos 2 θ − 3 ⇒ sec θ = 2 − tanθ
− =
1
−
1 75. If cos A = tan B, cos B = tan C −b ±b 2 − 4ac AC 2 k – 1
a 2 cos 2 θ b 2 cot 2 θ cos 2 θ cot 2 θ ⇒ 2 sinθ = 4 − 4 sin2 θ − 3 On squaring both sides, we get ∴ t =
[Q cos 2 θ = 1 − sin2 θ]
and cos C = tan A, then sin A is 2a Now, cosec A ( 3 sin A − 4 sin3 A )
= sec 2 θ − tan2 θ = 1 sec 2 θ = 4 + tan2 θ − 4 tanθ equal to 3 ± 9 − 4 × 1× 1 = cosec A × sin A ( 3 − 4 sin2 A )
cos θ π ⇒ 4 sin2 θ + 2 sinθ − 1 = 0 [Q ( a − b )2 = a 2 + b 2 − 2 ab ] =
is equal to  where, θ ≠  5−1 5−1 2 ×1 1
66. −2 ± 4 + 16 (a) (b) = × sin A( 3 – 4 sin2 A )
 2 ⇒ 1 + tan θ = 4 + tan θ − 4 tanθ
2 2
1 − sin θ ∴ sinθ = 4 2 5 sin A
8 3 3−1 3−1 ⇒ t = 3± Q cosec A = 1 
tan θ − 1 1 + sin θ ⇒ 4 tanθ = 3 ⇒ tanθ =
 sin A 
(c) (d) 2
(a) (b) −2 ± 2 5 4 4 2
tan θ + 1 cos θ = Now, put t = x 2 2
tan θ + 1 1 + cos θ 8 sin A = x  k−3
(c) (d)
72. The minimum value of _ (b) Let ...(i) 3± 5 2  3± 5 = 3 – 4 sin2 A = 3 − 4  
−1 ± 5 ∴ x2 = = ×   2 k − 1
tan θ − 1 sin θ ⇒ sinθ = cos x + cos y − cos z is
2 2 2 Then, cos A = tan B 2 2  2 
4
⇒ 1 − sin2 A = tan B  k–3  ( k – 3)
_ (b) We have, Since, θ is an acute angle. (a) − 1 (b) 0 6±2 5 = 3– 4   = 3 – ( k – 1)
=  4( k – 1)
cos θ 1 + sinθ (c) 2 (d) 2 4
× sinθ > 0 ⇒ 1 − x 2 = tan B ...(ii)
1 − sinθ 1 + sinθ 1 + 5 ± 2 5 (1 ± 5 )2 =
3( k – 1) – ( k – 3)
_ (a) Since, 0 ≤ cos x ≤ 1
2
5 −1 Now, cos B = tanC = =
cos θ (1 + sinθ) ∴ sinθ = 4 4
k–1
= 4 Q − 1 ≤ cos 2 x + cos 2 y − cos 2 z ≤ 2 1 3k – 3 – k + 3
1 − sin2 θ ⇒ = tanC 5 −1 5 −1 =
∴ Minimum value of the given sec B ∴ x = ⇒ sin A = k–1
cos θ (1 + sinθ) 69. Consider the following expression is − 1. 2 2
= ⇒
1
= tanC 2k
cos 2 θ statements =
73. The value of 1 + tan2 B 3 – tan2 A k–1
[Q 1 − sin2 θ = cos 2 θ] 1. sin 66° is less than cos 66°. 76. If = k , where k is a
π  π
1 + sinθ 2. sin 26° is less than cos 26°. 32 cot2   − 8 sec2   From Eq. (ii), we get 1 – 3 tan2 A 77. If tan A + cot A = 4, then
=  4  3 1 real number, then tan4 A + cot4 A is equal to
cos θ Which of the above statement(s) = tanC
π cosec A (3 sin A − 4 sin3 A) is
+ 8 cos3   is 1+ 1− x 2
is/are correct? (a) 110 (b) 191
67. If
(a) Only 1
 6 1 equal to (c) 80 (d) 194
tan( x + 40 )° tan( x + 20 )° tan(3 x)° ⇒ = tanC ...(iii)
tan(70 − x)° tan(50 − x)° = 1,
(b) Only 2 (a) 3 (b) 2 3 (c) 3 (d) 3 3 2 −x 2
(a)
2k _ (d) Given, tan A + cot A = 4
(c) Both 1 and 2 k–1 On squaring both sides, we get
then the value of x is (d) Neither 1 nor 2 _ (d) We have, 1 1 2k 1
π  π  π Now, cos C = = (b) , where ≤ k ≤ 3 (tan A + cot A )2 = ( 4)2
(a) 30 (b) 20 32 cot 2 − 8 sec 2   + 8 cos 3   2
1 + tan C 2
_ (b) 1. If 45° < θ < 90° 4  3  6 sec C k–1
2k
3
1 ⇒ tan2 A + cot 2 A + 2 tan A cot A = 16
(c) 15 (d) 10 Then, sinθ > cos θ (c) , where k < or k > 3
1 ⇒ tan2 A + cot 2 A + 2 = 16
 3
3
= [from Eq. (iii)] k–1 3
_ (c) We have, ∴ sin 66° > cos 66° incorrect. = 32 ⋅ (1) − 8 ⋅ (2 ) + 8 ⋅ 
2
 1
1+ 2k [Q tan A cot A = 1]
tan( x + 40)° tan( x + 20)° tan( 3x )° 2. When 0° < θ < 45°, cos θ > sinθ,  2  (d)
2 − x2 k+1 ⇒ tan2 A + cot 2 A = 14
tan(70 − x )° tan( 50 − x )° = 1 cos 26° > sin26° 3 3 2
or sin26° < cos 26°. It is correct = 32 − 8 ⋅ ( 4) + 8 ⋅ 2 −x 2 3 – tan A
=k Again, squaring both sides, we get
[Q cot( 90° − θ) = tanθ] 8 ⇒ cosC = ...(iv) _ (a) Given, 2
1 – 3 tan A (tan2 A + cot 2 A )2 = (14)2
Hence, only 2 is correct. = 32 − 32 + 3 3 3 − x2
⇒ tan( x + 40)° tan( x + 20)° tan( 3x )° ⇒ 3 – tan2 A = k(1 – 3 tan2 A ) ⇒ tan4 A + cot 4 A + 2 tan2 A cot 2 A = 196
=3 3 cos C = tan A
Q ⇒ 3 – tan2 A = k – 3k tan2 A ⇒ tan4 A + cot 4 A + 2 = 196
sin A
⇒ cos C = ⇒ 3K tan2 A – tan2 A = k – 3 ⇒ tan4 A + cot 4 A = 194
cos A
Trigonometric Ratios and Trigonometric Identities 103 104 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

1 – sin x 1 – sin x = 1 + sin2 A – 2 sin A + cos 2 A π sin x − cos x + 1 (sin x − cos x ) + 1

78. If p = ,q= and 82. Consider the following 84. Consider the following _ (a) Given, 0 < θ < , _ (b) =
4 sin x + cos x − 1 (sin x + cos x ) − 1
1 + sin x cos x –2 cos A(1 – sin A ) statements statements
cos x = 1 + sin A + cos A – 2 sin A
2 2 then 1 − 2 sinθ cos θ (sin x + cos x ) + 1
r= , then which of the I. There exists atleast one value I. There exists no value of x such ×
π (sin x + cos x ) + 1
1 + sin x –2 cos A(1 – sin A ) of x between 0 and which that
following is/are correct? = 2 – 2 sin A – 2 cos A(1 – sin A ) 2 1 π = sin2 θ + cos 2 θ − 2 sinθ cos θ (sin x − cos x + 1 ) (sin x + cos x + 1)
= 4 + 2 3, 0 < x < =
I. p = q = r II. p2 = qr = 2 (1 – sin A ) – 2 cos A(1 – sin A ) satisfies the equation 1 − sin x 2 [Q sin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1 ] = (cos θ − sinθ) 2 (sin x + cos x )2 − 1
sin4 x − 2 sin2 x − 1 = 0. 2
sin2 x + sin x cos x + sin x 
Select the correct answer using = 2 (1 – sin A )(1 – cos A ) ≠ RHS II. sin x = 3sin x does not hold Q0 < θ < π ,cos θ > sinθ,
II. sin 15
. is greater than cos 15.
.  
the codes given below.   − cos x sin x − cos x − cos x 
2
∴ Option (a) is correct. good for any real x . 4
Which of the above statement(s) 
(a) Only I
80. ABC is a right angled triangle at Which of the above statement(s)  + sin x + cos x + 1
so we take (cos θ − sinθ)2
= 2 
(b) Only II is/are correct?
(c) Both I and II B and AB : BC = 3 : 4. What is (a) Only I (b) Only II is/are correct?  sin x + cos 2 x + 2 sin x cos x − 1
= cos θ − sinθ
(d) Neither I nor II sin A + sin B + sin C equal to? (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II (a) Only I (b) Only II
(c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II sin2 x + 2 sin x − cos 2 x + 1
11 87. If tan θ + cot θ = 2, then what is =
_ (b) I. sin x − 2 sin x − 1 = 0
1 – sin x 4 2
_ (c) Given, p = (a) 2 (b) 1 + 2 sin x cos x − 1
1 + sin x 5 2 ± 4+ 4 2 ± 8 _ (d) I. Q 1 − sin x ≠ 0 ⇒ sin x ≠ 0 sin θ + cos θ equal to?
12 ⇒ sin2 x = = [Q sin2 x + cos 2 x = 1]
(1 – sin x )(1 – sin x ) (c) (d) 3 2 2 ⇒ x ≠ 0, which does not belong to 1 1
p= 5 be given interval. (a) (b) sin x + 2 sin x − (1 − sin2 x ) + 1
2
(1 + sin x )(1 – sin x ) =
_ (c) In right angled ∆ABC, 2 ±2 2 2 3
⇒ sin2 x = = 1± 2 So, there is no value of x. 2 sin x cos x
1 – sin x 1 – sin x 2 (c) 2 (d) 1
= = AB : BC = 3 : 4 2 2
sin2 x + 2 sin x − 1 + sin2 x + 1
1 – sin2 x cos x AB 3 ⇒ sin x = 1 + 2 > 1
2 II. sin x = 3sin x
⇒ 1 = sin x ⋅ 3 − sin x
=
or = _ (c) Given, tanθ + cot θ = 2 2 sin x cos x
cos x (1 – sin x ) cos x (1 – sin x ) BC 4 [Q 0 ≤ sin x ≤ 1]
2 On multiplying 3 both sides, we get sin θ cos θ
r= × = ⇒ + =2
1 + sin x (1 – sin x ) 1 – sin2 x Now, in ∆ABC, 3 = sin x ⋅ 3 − sin
2
x
⋅3 2 sin2 x + 2 sin x
or sin2 x = 1 − 2 < 0 cos θ sinθ =
cos x (1 – sin x ) 1 – sin x AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 1 − sin 2 x
2 sin x cos x
= = Hence, both are not possible. ⇒ 3 = sin x ⋅ 3 sin θ + cos 2 θ
2
= 3 2 + 4 2 = 9 + 16 = 25 ⇒ =2 2 sin x ( sin x + 1 ) sin x + 1
cos x2
cos x II. Since, 1.5 radian is in IInd 2 sinθ cos θ = =
⇒ AC = 5 ⇒ 3 = sin x ⋅ 3cos x
2 sin x cos x cos x
∴ p=q = r quadrant. 1
BC 4 ⇒ =2
⇒ sin A = = Therefore, sin1. 5 > 0 and RHS is less than 3 while LHS is 3. sinθ cos θ
Now,
AC 5
90. What is (sin2 x − cos2 x)
 1 – sin x 
2
(1 – sin x ) (1 – sin x ) cos 1. 5 < 0 Thus, the equation does not hold [Q sin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1]
p2 =   = × for any x. (1 − sin2 x cos2 x) equal to?
 cos x  cos x cos x C ∴ sin1. 5 > cos 1. 5 1
⇒ sinθ cos θ = ...(i)
⇒ p =q×r
2
85. At 8 : 30, the hour hand and (a) sin4 x − cos 4 x (b) sin6 x − cos 6 x
83. If sin x + cos x = c, then 2
(c) cos 8 x − sin8 x (d) sin8 x − cos 8 x
79. Consider the following identity 4 the minute hand of a clock form Now, (sinθ + cos θ) 2 = sin2 θ + cos 2 θ
sin x + cos x is equal to
6 6
an angle of + 2 sinθ cos θ _ (b) (sin x − cos x ) (1 − sin x cos x )
2 2 2 2
cos A sin A
I. + 1 + 6c 2 – 3c 4 1 + 6c 2 – 3c 4 1
1 – tan A 1 – cot A (a) (b) (a) 80° (b) 75° (c) 70° (d) 60° = 1+ 2 × = 1+ 1 [from Eq. (i)] = (sin2 x − cos 2 x ) [(sin2 x + cos 2 x )2
A 3 B 16 4 2 − sin2 x cos 2 x ] [Q sin2 x + cos 2 x = 1]
= sin A + cos A 1 + 6c 2 + 3c 4 1 + 6c 2 + 3c 4 _ (b) Here, n = 8, x = 30
sin B = sin 90° = 1 (c) (d) ⇒ (sinθ + cos θ ) = 2
2
= (sin2 x − cos 2 x )
II. (1 – sin A – cos A)2 16 4
sinC =
AB 3
= 11 12 1 ∴ sinθ + cos θ = 2 [(sin4 x + cos 4 x + 2 sin2 x cos 2 x )
= 2(1 – sin A)(1 + cos A) and
AC 5 _ (b) Given, sin x + cos x = c 10 2 − sin2 x cos 2 x ]
Which of the above is/are sec x
Now, sin A + sin B + sinC =
4
+ 1+
3 On squaring both sides, we get
• 88. What is equal to? = (sin2 x − cos 2 x ) (sin4 x + cos 4 x
identity/identities? 5 5 (sin x + cos x )2 = c 2
9 3
cot x + tan x
+ sin2 x cos 2 x )
(a) Only I (b) Only II 4 + 5 + 3 12 8
= = ⇒ sin2 x + cos 2 x + 2 sin x cos x = c 2 4 (a) sin x (b) cos x = sin6 x + sin2 x cos 4 x + sin4 x cos 2 x
(c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II 5
5 5 [Q ( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab ] 7 6 (c) tan x (d) cot x
cos A sin A − cos 2 x sin4 x − cos 6 x − sin2 x cos 4 x
_ (a) I. LHS = + ⇒ 1 + 2 sin x cos x = c 2 sec x 1 / cos x
81. The value of cosec2 67 °+ sec2 57 ° = = sin6 x − cos 6 x
1 – tan A 1 – cot A _ (a)
[Q sin x + cos = 1]
2 2 So, the required angle cot x + tan x cos x
+
sin x
=
cos A
+
sin A – cot2 33 ° – tan2 23 ° is x x ° 91. What is (sin x cos y + cos x sin y)

=  30 n –  + 
sin A cos A c2 – 1 sin x cos x
1– 1– ⇒ sin x cos x = ...(i) (sin x cos y −cos x sin y) equal to?
  5 2 
(a) 2 2 (b) 2 (c) 2 (d) 0 1 / cos x
cos A sin A 2 =
_ (b) cosec 67 °+ sec 57 °
2 2
Now, sin x + cos x
6 6
 30  30  ° cos 2 x + sin2 x (a) cos 2 x − cos 2 y (b) cos 2 x − sin2 y
=
cos 2 A
+
sin2 A
= (sin2 x )3 + (cos 2 x )3 =  30 8 – +  (c) sin2 x − cos 2 y (d) sin2 x − sin2 y
cos A – sin A sin A – cos A – cot 2 33° – tan2 23°   5 2  sin x cos x
2 = cosec 2( 90° –23° ) + sec 2( 90° –33° ) = (sin2 x + cos 2 x )[sin4 x + cos 4 x Q sec x = 1  _ (d) (sin x cos y + cos x sin y )
cos A sin2 A = { 30( 8 – 6) + 15} °
= −
cos A – sin A cos A – sin A – cot 2 33° – tan2 23° – sin2 x cos 2 x ]
= { 60 + 15} ° = 75°  cos x  (sin x cos y − cos x sin y)
Q cosec ( 90°−θ) = sec θ, [Q a 3 + b 3 = ( a + b )( a 2 + b 2 – ab )] 1 sin x cos x = sin( x + y) ⋅ sin( x − y)
cos 2 A – sin2 A = × = sin x
= sec( 90°−θ) = cosec θ  = 1 [(sin x + cos x ) – 3 sin x cos x ]
2 2 2 2 2
(cos A – sin A )   cos x 1 = sin x − sin2 y
2

(cos A – sin A )(cos A + sin A ) = sec 2 23° + cosec 2 33° = (1 – 3 sin2 x cos 2 x ) 2014 (II) sin x − cos x + 1 [Q sin2 A − sin2 B = sin( A + B )sin( A − B )]
= ∴ sin6 x + cos 6 x = 1 – 3 sin2 x cos 2 x 89. What is equal
(cos A – sin A ) – cot 2 33° – tan2 23° π sin x + cos x − 1 92. What is (1 + cot x − cosec x)
86. If 0 < θ < , then what is
2
= 1 + tan2 23°+1 + cot 2 33°  c 2 – 1
= (cos A + sin A ) = RHS = 1 – 3 
 2 
[from Eq. (i)] 4 to? (1 + tan x + sec x) equal to?
– cot 2 33° – tan2 23° sin x − 1 sin x + 1
II. LHS = [(1 – sin A ) – cos A ] 1 − 2 sin θ cos θ equal to?
2
(a) (b) (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) sin x (d) cos x
[Q 1 + tan2 θ = sec 2 θ and 1 c4 + 1– 2c2 
= (1 – sin A ) + cos A
2 2
= 1– 3   cos x cos x
+ cot 2 θ = cosec 2 θ]  4 
(a) cos θ − sinθ (b) sinθ − cos θ sin x − 1 sin x + 1 _ (b) (1 + cot x − cos ec x )
– 2 cos A(1 – sin A ) (c) ± (cos θ − sinθ) (d) cos θ sinθ (c) (d) (1 + tan x + sec x )
=2 cos x + 1 cos x + 1
[Q ( a − b )2 = a 2 + b 2 − 2 ab ] 4 – 3c 4 – 3 + 6c 2 1 + 6c 2 – 3c 4
= =
4 4
Trigonometric Ratios and Trigonometric Identities 105 106 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

= (1 + cot x − cosec x ) (sin x + cosec x )3 = 8 98. In a right angled ∆ABC, right 1 103. What is 106. What is sin 25° sin 35° sec 65°
101. If sin θ cos θ = , then what is
 1  (sin3 x + cos ec 3x ) 4 2 cos ec (75 ° + θ) − sec (15 ° − θ) sec 55° equal to?
1 + + sec x  angle at B, if cos A = , then
 cot x  + 3sin x cos ec x (sin x + cos ec x ) = 8 sin θ + cos θ equal to?
6 6
− tan(55° + θ) + cot(35° − θ)
5 (a) −1 (b) 0
= (1 + cot x − cosec x )(1 + cot x + cos ec x ) [Q ( a + b )3 = a 3 + b 3 + 3ab( a + b )] equal to? 1
what is sin C is equal to? (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) (d) 1
cot x 1 3 2
⇒ sin x + cos ec x + 3 (2 ) = 8
3 3
3 3 4 2 (c) 3 (d) (a) − 1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d)
⇒ sin3 x + cos ec 3x = 8 − 6
(a)
5
(b)
4 5
(c) (d)
5
4 2 _ (d) sin 25° sin 35° sec 65° sec 55°
Q tan x = 1  _ (b) cosec (75 ° + θ ) − sec (15 ° − θ ) 1 1
_ (d) sin θ + cos θ = (sin θ ) + (cos θ )
6 6 2 3 2 3
 cot x  4 = sin 25°⋅ sin 35°⋅ ⋅
⇒ sin x + cos ec x = 2 _ (b) In ∆ABC, cos A =
3 3
...(ii) − tan( 55° + θ ) + cot( 35° − θ ) cos 65° cos 55°
5 = (sin2 θ + cos 2 θ )(sin4 θ + cos 4 θ
(1 + cot x )2 − (cosec x )2 = cosec (75° + θ ) 1
= On cubing Eq. (ii) both sides, we get i.e. AB = 4 and AC = 5 − sin θ cos θ )
2 2 = sin 25°⋅ sin 35° ⋅
cot x (sin3 x )3 + (cos ec 3x )3 + 3 sin3 x cos ec 3x − cosec [90° − (15° − θ )] cos( 90 − 25° )
AB 4 [Q a 3 + b 3 = ( a + b )( a 2 − ab + b 2 )]
[Q ( a + b )( a − b ) = a 2 − b 2 ] sinC = =
(sin3 x + cos ec 3x ) = (2 )3 AC 5 − tan( 55° + θ ) + tan[90° − ( 35° − θ )] ⋅
1
12 + cot 2 x + 2 cot x − cos ec 2x = (sin θ + cos θ ) − 2 sin θ cos 2 θ
2 2 2 2
cos( 90 − 35° )
= ⇒ sin x + cos ec x + 3(2 ) = 8
9 9
A Q sec θ = cosec ( 90° − θ),
cot x − sin2 θ cos 2 θ cot θ = tan( 90° − θ)  [Q cos( 90°−θ) = sinθ]
⇒ sin x + cos ec x = 8 − 6 = 2
9 9
 
[Q ( a + b )2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2 ab ] 1
= (1 − 3 sin2 θ cos 2 θ ) = 1 − 3 × = cosec (75° + θ ) − cosec (75° + θ ) 1 1
1 + 2 cot x − (cos ec 2x − cot 2 x ) 96. If sin x + cos x = p and 4 = sin 25° ⋅ sin 35° ⋅ ⋅
= 3 1 − tan( 55° + θ ) + tan( 55° + θ ) = 0 sin 25° sin 35°
cot x sin x + cos x = q, then what is
3 3
4 5 = 1− =
1 + 2 cot x − 1 4 4
104. If sin θ + 2 cos θ = 1, where =1
= =2 p3 − 3 p equal to? Alternate Method
cot x 0 < θ < π / 2, then what is 107. If tan 8 θ = cot 2 θ, where
(a) 0 (b) − 2q sinθ cos θ =
1
93. What is (cosec x − sin x) B C 2 sin θ − cos θ equal to? π
(c) 2q (d) 4q 2 0 <8θ< , then what is the
(a) − 1 (b) 1 / 2 (c) 2 (d) 1 2
(sec x − cos x) (tan x + cot x) equal _ (b) Given, sin x + cos x = p ...(i) 99. If α and β are complementary 2 sinθ cos θ = 1
to? sin2θ = 1 [Q 2 sinθ cos θ = sin2θ] _ (c) sinθ + 2 cos θ = 1 value of tan 5θ?
and sin3 x + cos 3 x = q ...(ii) angles, then what is
On squaring both sides, we get 1
(a) sin x + cos x (b) sin x − cos x sin2θ = sin 90° (a) (b) 1
On cubing Eq. (i) both sides, we get cos α cosec β − cos α sin β equal (sinθ + 2 cos θ )2 = 1 3
(c) 2 (d) 1 2θ = 90°
sin x + cos x
3 3
to? (c) 3 (d) 0
_ (d) (cos ec x − sin x )(sec x − cos x ) θ = 45º ⇒ sin θ + 4 cos θ + 4 sinθ cos θ = 1
2 2
+ 3 sin x cos x (sin x + cos x ) = p3 (a) sec β (b) cos α _ (b) Given, tan 8θ = cot 2 θ
(tan x + cot x ) ∴ sin6 θ + cos 6 θ = sin6 45°+ cos 6 45° ⇒ (1 − cos 2 θ) + 4 (1 − sin2 θ)
⇒ q + 3 sin x cos x ( p) = p3 ...(iii) (c) sin α (d) − tanβ ⇒ tan 8 θ = tan( 90° − 2 θ)
 1  1   1 
6
 1 
6 + 4 sinθ cos θ = 1
= − sin x   − cos x  [from Eqs. (i) and (ii)] =  +  [Q cot θ = tan( 90° − θ)]
 sin x   cos x  _ (c) Since, α and β are complementary  2  2 ⇒ − (cos 2 θ + 4 sin2 θ) + 4 sinθ cos θ
On squaring Eq. (i) both sides, we get angles. ⇒ 8 θ = 90° − 2 θ
 sin x cos x   1 
6 = 1− 5 ⇒ θ = 9°
 +  sin2 x + cos 2 x + 2 sin x cos x = p2 ∴ α = 90°−β =2×
1
 cos x sin x   = ⇒ cos 2 θ + 4 sin2 θ − 4 sinθ cos θ = 4
 2 4 ∴ tan 5θ = tan 45° = 1
p2 − 1 Now, cos α cosec β − cos α sinβ
(1 − sin2 x )(1 − cos 2 x )(sin2 x + cos 2 x ) ⇒ sin x cos x = ⇒ (2 sinθ − cos θ)2 = 4
= 2 =
cos α
− cos α sinβ 102. If sec θ + tan θ = 2, then what is ⇒ 2 sinθ − cos θ = 2
108. If sin ( A + B ) = 1, where 0 < B <
sin x cos x ⋅ sin x cos x [Q sin2 x + cos 2 x = 1 ] sinβ 45°, then what is cos( A − B)
cos 2 x sin2 x × 1 the value of sec θ?
= =1 From Eq. (iii), cos α 3
105. If cos x + sec x = 2, then what equal to?
sin2 x cos 2 x = − cos α cos( 90 − β ) (a) (b) 2
q +
3( p2 − 1 ) p
= p3 cos( 90 − β ) 2 cos x + sec x equal to, where n
n n
(a) sin 2B (b) sin B
Q 1 − sin2 x = cos 2 x , 2 5 5 is a positive integer? (c) cos 2B (d) cos B
  cos α (c) (d)
= − cos α ⋅ cos α
1 − cos x = sin x  (b) 2 n − 2 (c) 2 n − 1 (d) 2 n
2 2
⇒ 2q + 3 p3 − 3 p = 2 p3 cos α
2 4 (a) 2 _ (a)Q sin ( A + B ) = 1
⇒ p3 − 3 p = − 2q _ (d) By trigonometric identity, cos x + sec x = 2
94. Consider the following = 1 − cos 2 α = sin2 α = sinα _ (a) ...(i) ⇒ A + B = sin−1 1
sec 2 θ − tan2 θ = 1 ⇒ ( A + B ) = 90°
statements On squaring both sides, we get
100. If 2 cot θ = 3, then what is ⇒ (sec θ + tanθ)(sec θ − tanθ) = 1
cos 2 x + sec 2 x + 2 = 4 ∴ B = 90° − A
1. sin 1° > sin 1 2. cos 1° < cos 1 2 cos θ − sin θ
2014 (I) equal to? ⇒ sec θ − tanθ =
1
2
...(i) ⇒ cos 2 x + sec 2 x = 2 ...(ii) ⇒ A = 90° − B
Which of the above statement(s) 2 cos θ + sin θ On cubing Eq. (i), we get Now, cos ( A − B ) = cos A cos B
is/are correct? and given, sec θ + tanθ = 2 ...(ii)
97. The value of cos 25° − sin 25° is 2 1 1 3 cos 3 x + sec 3 x + 3(cos x + sec x ) = 8 + sin A sin B
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 (a) (b) (c) (d) On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (a) positive but less than 1 3 3 2 4 ⇒ cos 3 x + sec 3 x + ( 3 × 2 ) = 8 = cos ( 90° − B ) cos B
1
θ = 2 sec θ = + 2 + sin ( 90° − B ) sin B
_ (d) We know that, sin1° < sin1 and
(b) positive but greater than 1 _ (c)Q 2 cot 3
2 ⇒ cos 3 x + sec 3 x = 2 ...(iii)
(c) negative
⇒ cot θ =
3 From Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii), = sin B cos B + cos B sin B
cos 1 < cos 1° (d) 0 ∴ sec θ =
5
2
4 cos n x + sec n x = 2 = 2 sin B cos B = sin 2 B
Hence, neither Statement 1 nor 2 is 2 cos θ − sinθ
correct. _ (a) Since, value of cosθ decreases, from ∴
0° to 90° and at 45° it is equal to the value 2 cos θ + sinθ
95. If sin x + cosec x = 2, then what of sinθ. [Divide numerator and denominator
Similarly, value of sinθ increases from 0 by sinθ]
is sin9 x + cosec9 x equal to? to 90° and at 45° it is equal to the value 2 cot θ − 1
of cosθ. =
(a) 2 (b) 18 2 cot θ + 1
(c) 512 (d) 1024 For 0° < θ < 45°, cos θ > sinθ 3
2 × −1
So, value of cos 25° − sin 25° is always 2 3−1 2 1
_ (a) Given, sin x + cos ec x = 2 ...(i) = = = =
2 × + 1 3+ 1 4 2
positive but less than 1. 3
On cubing Eq. (i) both sides, we get
2
 108 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

∆ABX _ (a) According to given information, we Height of tower OP from centre

AB = a have the following figure. = h [given]

19 tan 30° =

1
3
=

BX =
BX
BA
BX
a
a
3
…(i)
In ∆BDE , we have tan 45° =

⇒
⇒
DE
BD
BD = DE = h + r
BC + r = h + r
E
h
Q Diagonal of square = 2 × Side of
square = 2 l

∴ AO =
l 2
2
Now, in ∆ OAP
=
l
2

tan 60° =
h
F r
∆ABC l

HEIGHT B

120°
⇒
30º
d
BC = h
45
B C
º
D
r

⇒
2h
3=
l
2

AND DISTANCE
a a On squaring both sides
Now, as ∠EBD = 45°, therefore
∠BED = 45° 2 h2
or 3= 2
Also, In ∆BFD l
A M C
FD 3l 2
tan 45° = ⇒ h2 =
[∠B = 120° each internal FB 2
Then, it take equal time from B to D and
2019 (II) 2019 (I) from D to C.
angle of hexagon 120°] ⇒ FB = FD = r 6. From a height of h units, a man
BM ⊥ AC Similarly, Similarly, EF = r observes the angle of elevation
i.e. plane takes total 30 s
∆ABM 3 Now, consider ∆BDE, then we have as α and angle of depression as β
1. The angles of elevation of the 2. A plane is going in circles 15 s from B to D, 15 s from D to C. MC = a
tops of two pillars of heights h around an airport. The plane ∠ABM = 60° 2 Using pythagoras theorm of the top and the bottom
The plane takes total time to complete a
and 2h from a point P on the takes 3 min to complete one ∠AMB = 90° AC = AM + MC ( BE )2 = ( BD )2 + ( DE )2 respectively of a tower of height
round = 180 sec
line joining the feet of the two round. The angle of elevation PB + BD + DC + CP = 180 sec sin 60° =
AM
=
3
a+
3
a ⇒ (2 r )2 = ( h + r )2 + ( h + r )2 H(> 4 h). To what further height
pillars are complementary. If the of the plane from a point P AB 2 2 should he climb so that the
CP + 15 + 15 + CP = 180 sec ⇒ 4r 2 = 2( h + r )2
distances of the foot of the on the ground at time t is equal 3
=
AM = 3a ⇒ 2 r 2 = ( h + r )2 values of angle of elevation and
2CP = 180 − 30 = 150
pillars from the point P are x to that at time (t + 30 ) s. 2 a
⇒ h + r = 2r
angle of depression get
CP = 75 sec
and y respectively, then which At time (t + x) s, the plane flies 3a interchanged for the top and
Then, total time is (t + x ) s, when plane AM = ⇒ h = ( 2 − 1)r
one of the following is correct? vertically above the point P. 2 bottom of the tower?
is at point P. h
(a) 2 h2 = x 2 y (b) 2 h2 = x y 2 What is x equal to? CY ∴ = 2 −1 (a) H − h units (b) H − 2 h units
Major arc from B to P. ∆AYC, tan 45° = r
(c) 2 h2 = x y (d) 2 h2 = x 2 y 2 (a) 75 s (b) 90 s (c) 105 s (d) 135 s AC (c) H − 3h units (d) H − 4h units
Total time = (t + 75 + 15 + 15) CY
_ (c) _ (c) “A” is airport and a plane is going in Total time = (t + 105) s
1= _ (b) Let the distance between two towers
circles around it. 3a 2018 (I) be ‘a’ units.
3. Consider a regular hexagon 3a = CY
P Ratio of tower B and C 5. Each corner of a square
ABCDEF. Two towers are
H–h
situated at B and C. The angle BX : CY subtends an angle of 60° at the
2h
a tip of a tower of height h m α
of elevation from A to the top β H (>4h)
75s : 3a
h of the tower at B is 30°, and the 3 standing at the centre of the
A square. If l is the length of each h
angle of elevation to the top of 1: 3
θ 90–θ side of the square, then what is β
ts C (t + 30) s the tower at C is 45°. What is Option (b) is correct.
x P y B h2 equal to ? a
the ratio of the height of towers Fig-I
According to the question, 2 l2 3l 2 2 l2
tanθ =
h
…(i)
15 s D 15 s
at B and C? 2018 (II) (a) 2 l (b)
2
(c)
2
(d)
3
x (a) 1 : 3 (b) 1 : 3
The plane takes 3 min to complete one (c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 2 3 _ (c) Let ABCD be a square H–h–x
tan( 90 − θ) =
2h 4. On the top of a hemispherical
round.
y _ (b) A regular hexagon ABCDEF. dome of radius r, there stands a P
In s = 3 × 60 = 180 s β H(>4h)
2h Two towers are situated at B and C. flag of height h. From a point on h α
cot θ = …(ii) Plane reaches at B in t s …(i) A 6 0° B
y A 30° the ground, the elevation of the
Plane reaches at C in (t + 30) S …(ii) x
[Q tan ( 90° − θ) = cot θ] top of the flag is 30º. After
The angle of elevation of the plane from
On multiplying Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get a point P on the ground at time t s is 45° x moving a distance d towards the O
h 2h equal to that at time (t + 30) s. F
B dome, when the flag is just
tanθ ⋅ cot θ = × visible, the elevation is 45º. The h
x y Plane is going to D from point B distance y D C
increases respect to P. ratio of h to r is equal to
2 h2 E α
1= [because PD is longest chord of C 3+1 a
xy (a) 2 − 1 (b)
circle or diameter of circle] 2 2
[tanθ.cot θ = 1] Side of square = l [given] And the man climbs ‘x’ units further
After point D the distance of the plane D 3+1 ( 3 + 1) ( 2 − 1) H−h
∴ 2 h2 = x y decreases with respect to point P and at (c) d (d) d Let O be its centre From fig. I. tanα = … (i)
Let side of hexagon = a 2 2 2 2
point C the distance is equal to arc PC a
and PB. BX tower at B and CY tower at C
Height and Distance 109 110 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

h x respectively. What is the height 90 75 75

tanβ = 1= ⇒ 1= ⇒ 3= ⇒ x =
a
… (ii)
AC of the lower plane from the BD 2016 (II) x 3
m
h+ x
From fig. II, tanα = … (iii) AC = x ground? ⇒ BD = 90 m …(i) A
a
AC = d [Q AC = BB′ = d ] 100 Again, in ∆ AEC 12. A man from the top of a 100 m
H−h−x (a) 100 3 m (b) m
tanβ = … (iv) Hence, h + x > d AE high tower seen a car moving
3
a tan 30° = [Q EC = BD = 90 m] towards the tower at an angle of 75 m
From Eqs. (i) and (iii) In ∆A ′ BB′ (c) 50 3 m (d) 150( 3 + 1) EC
h+ x 60º
A ′ B′ depression 30°. After some time, 30º
H−h h+ x tan θ = , tan θ = _ (a) Let the height of the lower plane from 1 AE
= BB′ d ⇒ = the angle of depression becomes C B D
a a the ground be h m and PA = x 3 90 x y
tanθ > 1 [Q h + x > d ] 60°. What is the distance
⇒ x = H − 2h C 90 Again ∆ABD,
∴ θ > 45° ⇒ AE = = 30 3 m travelled by the car during this
Hence, the man climbs H − 2 h further. Hence, angle of depression of B as seen 3 time? AB 75
tan 30° = =
form A ′ B greater than 45°. ∴ Height of tree = CD = BE = AB − AE 200 3 BD y
∴ Statement I is true but statement II is 300 m (a) 100 3 m (b) m 1 75
2017 (II) false.
B = ( 90 − 30 3 ) m
100 3
3 ⇒
3
=
y
⇒ y = 75 3 m
(c) m (d) 200 3 m
8. A man, standing at a point X on h 11. From an aeroplane vertically 3 Hence, distance between the two men
7. Let AB represents a building of over a straight horizontal road,
the bank XY of a river that 45º 60º =x + y
height h metre with A being is P A the angles of depression of two _ (b) Let AB be the tower of height is100 m.
cannot be crossed, observes a x 75 75 + 225
top, B being its bottom. Let = + 75 3 =
tower to be N α° E on the consecutive kilometre-stones on A
3 3
A′ B′ represents a tower of Now, in ∆BAP,
the opposite sides of the
60º
30º
height (h + x) metre ( x > 0 ) with opposite parallel bank. He than AB =
300
= 100 3 m
tan 45° = aeroplane are observed to be α
A′ being its top and B′ being its walks 200 m along the bank to AP 3
and β. The height of the
bottom. Let BB′ = d metre. Let the point Y towards East, and 1=
h
aeroplane above the road is
100 m
14. If the length of the shadow of a
the angle of elevation of A′ as finds the tower to be N β° W . x
tanα + tanβ tanα tanβ tower is equal to its height, then
seen from A be 45°. From these observations, the h=x …(i) (a) (b)
tanα tanβ tanα + tanβ 60º 30º what is the Sun’s altitude at
breadth of the river will be Now, in ∆ APC
Consider the following B D C that time?
(Given that tan α° = 2 and AC 300 cot α cot β cot α + cot β
statements. tan 60° = = (c) (d) y
(a) 15° (b) 30° (c) 45° (d) 60°
tan β° = 0 .5) From AP x cot α + cot β cot α cot β x
Statement I : h + x > d 300 _ (c) Let AB and BC be the height of tower
(a) 60 m (b) 70 m (c) 80 m (d) 90 m ⇒ x = …(ii) _ (b) A Now, in ∆ABC,
Statement II : The angle of 3 and length of the shadow of a tower.
α β AB 100
depression of B as seen from A′ _ (c) Let From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get tan 30° = = A
A BC x
is less than 45°. 300 h
h=x = ⇒ x = 100 3 m
Which one of the following is 3
Again, in ∆ABD
d α β
correct in respect of the above ⇒ h=
300
×
3 AB 100
statements? α β 3 3
B d1 C d2 D tan 60° = =
X x D y Z Y 1 km BD y
(a) Both Statement I and Statement II 300 3 100 θ
are true and Statement II is the 200 = Let the height of aeroplane be h km. ⇒ y= m
3 B C
correct explanation of Statement I Now, in ∆ABC 3
AD = breadth of river = 100 3 m
(b) Both Statement I and Statement II AC ∴ Required distance travelled by car According to question,
In ∆AXD tanα =
are true but Statement II is not the 10. From the top of a building 90 m BC = CD = x − y AB = BC ...(i)
AD d d
correct explanation of Statement I tan α = ,2 = ⇒ x = high, the angles of depression of h  100  Now, in ∆ABC,
(c) Statement I is true but Statement II is XD x 2 ⇒ tanα = =  100 3 − 
the top and the bottom of a tree d1  3 tan θ =
AB
=
AB
[from Eq. (i)]
false In ∆ADZ
are 30º and 45º respectively. ⇒ d 1 = h cot α …(i) 300 − 100 200 200 BC AB
(d) Statement I is false but Statements II AD = = = 3m
tan β = What is the height of the tree? ⇒ tan θ = 1
is true DZ Again, in ∆ACD 3 3 3
(a) 30 3 m AC ∴ tan θ = tan 45°
_ (c) We have, AB = h 0.5 =
d
⇒ y = 2d tanβ = 13. Two men on either side of a
(b) 90 − 30 3 m CD ⇒ θ = 45°
A ′ B′ = h + x y
(c) 90 + 30 3 m h tower 75 m high observed that
BB′ = d We have, x + y = 200 m (d) 60 + 30 3 m tanβ = the angle of elevation of the top
Hence, the Sun’s altitude is 45°.
d2
∠A ′ AC = 45° d of the tower to be 30° and 60°.
+ 2d = 200 m _ (b) A
30º45º ⇒ d 2 = h cot β ...(ii)
θ
A′
2
d = 80 m On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
What is the distance between 2016 (I)
the two men?
x d 1 + d 2 = h cot α + h cot β (a) 100 3 m (b) 75 3 m
90 m 15. Two observers are stationed due
45º 30º ⇒ 1 = h(cot α + cot β)
A C
2017 (I) E x C
⇒ h=
1 (c)
100 3
3
m (d) 60 3 m
North of a tower (of height x m)
at a distance y m from each
hm cot α + cot β
h h other. The angles of elevation of
9. An aeroplane flying at a height 45º 1 _ (a) Let AB be the tower of height 75 m, C
of 300 m above the ground B x D = and D denotes the positions of two men on the tower observed by them are
1 1
θ
passes vertically above another + either side of a tower. 30 ° and 45°, respectively. Then,
B d B′ Let AB and CD be the building and tree tanα tanβ Now, in ∆ABC x / y is equal to
plane at an instant when the respectively.
tanα tanβ
In ∆A ′ AC = tan 60° =
AB 75
= 2 −1 3 −1 3+1
angles of elevation of the two Now, in ∆ABD (a) (b) (c) (d) 1
A ′C tanα + tanβ BC x
tan 45° = planes from the same point on tan 45° =
AB 2 2 2
AC
the ground are 60º and 45º BD
Height and Distance 111 112 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

AC h2 AB h 1 π
_ (c) In right angled ∆ADC, tan 45° = 17. A pole is standing erect on the _ (c) Let BC = h be height of tower and P Now, cos θ = = = = cos
CD ground which is horizontal. The
⇒ 1=
m 2n 2
[Q tanθ cot θ = 1]
and Q be the points, where the angle AC 2 h 2 3 2014 (I)
AC π
⇒ CD = =x …(i) tip of the pole is tied tight with ∴ h =mn
2 2 2 subtended are 45° and 60°.
∴ θ= 23. The shadow of a tower standing
tan 45° In right angled ∆BQC, 3
a rope of length 12 m to a ⇒ h = mn on a level plane is found to be
A 45° C
point on the ground. If the rope Hence, the height of the tower is mn. 22. From a certain point on a 50 m longer when the Sun’s
is making 30° with the 60° straight road a person observe a elevation is 30°, then when it is
x 19. The angle of elevation of a 60°. What is the height of the
horizontal, then the height of tower in the West direction at a
cloud from a point 200 m above tower?
the pole is distance of 200 m. He walks
30° 45° a lake is 30° and the angle of h
B y (a) 2 3 m (b) 3 2 m (c) 3 m (d) 3 m some distance along the road (a) 25 m (b) 25 3 m
D C depression of its reflection in 25
and finds that the same tower is (c) m (d) 30 m
_ (d) AB is a pole and AC is rope. the lake is 60°. The height of 3
Now, in right angled ∆ABC, 300 m South of him. What is
Let height of the pole = AB = h the cloud is 60°
AC 45° the shortest distance of the _ (b) Let h be the height of the tower and BC
tan 30° = AB h (a) 200 m (b) 300 m
BC In ∆ABC, sin 30° = = P Q x B tower from the road? be x m.
AC 12 (c) 400 m (d) 600 m
x 100 (3 – √3) m 300 500
tan 30° = (a) m (b) m D
y + CD ⇒
h
=
1 _ (c) Let P be the cloud at height H above the BC h 13 3
1 x 12 2 level of the water in the lake and Q its tan 60° = ⇒ 3= 600 900
⇒ = [from Eq. (i)] image in the water. BQ x (c) m (d) m
3 x + y 12 2 3 13 3
∴ h= = = 3m h h
x + y 2 2 P ⇒ x= ...(i)

(H – 200)
∴ =
3 3 _ (c) Let person be at point C and observes
x 1 A a tower in West direction at B.
In right angled ∆BPC, 60° 30°
x 1 3+1 3+1 N C A
⇒ = × = B BC BC x B 50
30° H tan 45° = =
y 3 −1 3+1 2 M PB PQ + QB h
m

h 60° In ∆BCD, tan 60° =

2

200 m 200 m A
√1

h x
⇒ 1=
100( 3 − 3 ) + x θ ⇒ 3=
h
⇒ h=x 3
2015 (II) C
30°
B
A O
⇒ 100 ( 3 − 3 ) + x = h
300 m D x
...(i)

h
h Now, in ∆ACD, tan 30° =
16. An aeroplane flying at a height Water surface ⇒ 100( 3 − 3 ) + = h 50 + x
of 3000 m passes vertically 2015 (I) H
h
3 [from Eq. (i)] W
B 200 m
C E
⇒
1
=
x 3
above another aeroplane at an ⇒ h− = 100( 3 − 3)
3 S 3 50 + x
instant, when the angles of 18. The angles of elevation of the ∴ BC = 200 m
Q  1  ⇒ 50 + x = 3x ⇒ x = 25 m
elevation of the two planes from top of a tower from two points ⇒ h 1 −  = 100( 3 − 3 )
 3 He walks some distance and reach at A. ∴ h = 25 3 m [from Eq. (i)]
some point on the ground are P and Q at distance m2 and n2 ∴ OQ = OP = H Now, he observes tower in South
60 ° and 45°, respectively. Then, respectively, from the base and Given, ∠PBM = 30° h( 3 − 1) 24. The angle of elevation of the
⇒ = 100( 3 − 3 ) direction at B.
the vertical distance between in the same straight line with it and ∠MBQ = 60° 3 top of a tower 30 m high from
∴ AB = 300 m
the two planes is are complementary. The height In right angled ∆PBM, 100 3( 3 − 3 ) the foot of another tower in the
PM H − 200 ⇒ h= Let BD be the shortest distance of tower
(a) 1000( 3 − 1) m of the tower is tan 30° = = ( 3 − 1) from the road. which is a perpendicular same plane is 60° and the angle
BM BM of elevation of the top of the
(b) 1000 3 m (a) ( mn)1/ 2 (b) mn1/ 2 (c) m1/ 2n (d) mn 100 3 × 3( 3 − 1) distance.
1 H − 200 ⇒ h= = 300 m
(c) 1000 ( 3 − 3 ) m ⇒ = If ∠ABC = θ, then ∠CBD = 90º −θ second tower from the foot of
_ (d) Let the height of the tower be h. 3 BM ( 3 − 1)
(d) 3000 3 m
PB = m2 and QB = n2 [Q angle between S and W = 90º] the first tower is 30°. The
⇒ BM = 3( H − 200) ...(i)
_ (c) Let A and B be the position of two BD BD distance between the two towers
In right angled ∆AQB, In right angled ∆QBM, In ∆ADB, cosθ = ⇒ cosθ = …(i)
planes and D be a point.
tanθ =
AB
⇒ tanθ = 2
h
...(i) tan 60° =
MQ H + 200
= 2014 (II) AB 300 is m times the height of the
shorter tower. What is m equal
BM BM BD
A QB n In ∆CDB , cos ( 90º −θ) =
A H + 200 21. If from the top of a post a string BC to?
⇒ 3= [from Eq. (i)]
3( H − 200) twice the length of the post is BD 1 1
⇒ sinθ = …(ii) (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) (d)
⇒ H + 200 = 3( H − 200) 2 3
3000 m

B stretched tight to a point on the 200

h ⇒ H + 200 = 3H − 600 ground, then what angle will the We know that, cos θ + sin θ = 1
2 2
_ (b) Let h be the height of shorter tower,
h ∴ 2 H = 800 ⇒ H = 400 m string make with the post? 2 2 then the distance between the two towers
 BD   BD 
60° Hence, the height of the cloud is 400 m. π π 5π π ⇒  +  =1 is mh m.
90° – θ θ (a) (b) (c) (d)  300   200 
45° C
D x C P B 20. From the top of a tower, the 6 4 12 3
Q n2 [from Eqs. (i) and(ii)]
h m2 angles of depression of two _ (d) Let AB be the height, AC be the string ⇒ BD 2 
40000 + 90000 
=1
In ∆BCD, tan 45° = D
 90000 × 40000 
objects P and Q (situated on the and the angle made by string with the post
x In right angled ∆APB,
ground on the same side of the be θ. 30 m
⇒ h=x …(i) tan( 90°−θ) =
AB A 2 130000  h
tower) separated at a distance of ⇒ BD =1
In ∆ACD, tan 60° = 3=
3000 PB θ  3600000000 
x h 100 (3 − 3 ) m are 45° and 60°, 60°
⇒ cot θ = 2 ...(ii) 2h ⇒ BD 2 =
360000
A 30° B
3000 3 m respectively. The height of the mh
∴ x = × = 1000 3 m h 13
3 3 On multiplying Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get tower is h 1 1
360000 600 In ∆ABD, tan 30° = ⇒ =
∴ AB = 3000 − h = 3000 − 1000 3 h h (a) 200 m (b) 250 m ∴ BD = = m
tanθ ⋅ cot θ = 2 × 2 13 13 mh 3 m
= 1000( 3 − 3 ) m (c) 300 m (d) None of these B C
n m ∴ m= 3
 114 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

7. ABC is a triangle right angled at 9. If the length of the hypotenuse 12. What is the ratio of the area of
B. If AB = 5 cm and BC = 10 cm, of a right angled triangle is 10 a square inscribed in a semicircle

20 then what is the length of the

perpendicular drawn from the
vertex B to the hypotenuse?
(a) 4 cm
(c)
4
5
cm
(b) 2 5 cm
(d) 8 cm
cm, then what is the maximum
area of such a right angled
triangle?
(a) 100 cm 2
(c) 25 cm 2
(b) 50 cm 2
(d) 10 cm 2
of radius r to the area of square
inscribed in a circle of radius r ?
(a) 1 : 2
(c) 2 : 3
_ (b) A
(b) 2 : 5
(d) 3 : 5

D
_ (c) (10) = x = y
2 2 2
A
_ (b)

AREA AND PERIMETER

For maximum value, x = y, 2r
Then, (10)2 = x 2 + x 2
⇒ 2 x 2 = 100
5 D
x = 5 2 cm B C
1
∴ Maximum area possible = ×x× y (i)
2
P S
2019 (II) The ratio of the perimeter of new
triangle to that original triangle is 2 : 1.
5. An equilateral triangle and a B 10
C
=
5 2 ×5 2
= 25 cm 2
square are constructed using 2 r a
2 In ∆ABC, AB = 5 cm, BC = 10 cm
∴ Required perimeter = 22 × = 44 cm metallic wires of equal length.
1. The area of a sector of a circle of 1 Using Pythagoras theorem, we get 10. A square is drawn such that its
radius 4 cm is 25.6 cm . What 2 What is the ratio of area of Q O a R
triangle to that of square? AB2 + BC 2 = AC 2 vertices are lying on a circle of 2
is the radian measure of the arc 3. If l is the length of the median radius 201 mm. What is the (ii)
of an equilateral triangle, then (a) 3 : 4 (b) 2 : 3 5 2 + 10 2 = AC 2
of the sector? ratio of area of circle to that of Let r be the radius of circle and side of
what is its area? (c) 4 3 : 9 (d) 2 3 : 9 AC = 5 5
(a) 2.3 (b) 3.2 (c) 3.3 (d) 3.4 square? square ‘a’. In fig. (i),
3 l2 3 l2 AB × BC 5 × 10
(c) 3 l 2 (d) 2 l 2 _ (c) Let side of triangle be ‘x’ unit. BD = = Diagonal of square = 2 r
_ (b) Area of a sector = 25.6 cm
2
(a) (b) AC (a) 11 : 7 (b) 7 : 11
3 2 Let the side of square be ‘a’ unit. 5 5
A×2 (c) 20 : 19 (d) 19 : 20 Using Pythagoras theorem in ∆BCD,
Length of arc ( l ) = 3 Perimeter of square = 4 × a = 4a unit BD =
10
=
10
×
5
BC 2 + CD 2 = BD 2
r _ (a) Median of a equilateral triangle = a
According to the question, 5 5 5 _ (a) D C
25.6 × 2 2 a 2 + a 2 = (2 r )2 ⇒ 2 a 2 = 4r 2
l= ⇒ l = 12.8 3 2l ∴ BD = 2 5 cm
l= a ⇒ a= Perimeter of triangle = Perimeter of square a=r 2
4 2 3
l 3x = 4a O
θ= 3 2 8. The length and breadth of a In fig. (ii),
r Area of equilateral triangle = 4a
a x = rectangle are increased by 20% Using Pythagoras theorem in ∆ORS,
θ = angle in radian 4 3
3  2l 
2
3 4l 2 3 l2 and 10%, respectively. What is A B (OS )2 = (OR )2 + ( RS )2
12.8 128 16 = ×  = × = Required ratio =
Area of triangle
∴ θ= = = = 3.2 4  3 4 3 3 the percentage increase in the a2 5a 2
4 40 5 Area of square r 2 = a2 + ⇒ r2 =
area of the rectangle? Let side fo square be x cm. 4 4
4. A piece of wire is in the form 3 2 3 4a 4a
2. The perimeter of a triangle is x × × (a) 32% (b) 30% (c) 25% (d) 15% Diagonal of square 4r 2 2r
a2 = ⇒ a=
of a sector of a circle of radius = 4 2 = 4 3 3 = 201 × 2 = 402 cm 5 5
22 cm. Through each vertex of a2
20 cm, subtending an angle a _ (a) Let length and breadth of rectangle be 2
the triangle, a straight line x and y. Using Pythagoras theorem,  2r 
150° at the centre. If it is bent =
4 3  
parallel to the opposite side is x 2 + x 2 = ( 402 )2  5
in the form of a circle, then 9 According to the question, ∴ Required Ratio =
drawn. What is the perimeter of 120 ⇒ 2 x 2 = 402 × 402 ( r 2 )2
what will be its radius? ∴4 3:9 New length = × x = 12. x
triangle formed by these lines? 100 x 2 = 201 × 402 [Q area of square = (side) 2]
19
(a) 33 cm (b) 44 cm (c) 66 cm (d) 88 cm (a) cm (b) 7 cm 6. All the four sides of a New breadth =
110
× y = 11. y
⇒ x = 201 2 4r 2
3 22
parallelogram are of equal 100 × 201 × 201 = 25
_ (b) (c) 8 cm (d) None of these πr 2
∴ Required ratio = 2 = 7
A length. The diagonals are in Area of rectangle = x × y r ×2
D F
_ (d) Radius = 20 cm x 201 2 × 201 2
the ratio 1 : 2. If the sum of Area of new rectangle = 1.2 x × 1.1 y 2
θ 11 = ⇒2 :5
Length of arc ( l ) = × 2 πr the lengths of the diagonals is = 1.32 x y = = 11 : 7 5
360° 12 cm, then what is the area of 7
B C ∴Required percentage
150° the parallelogram? 13. If one side of a right-angled
= × 2 × π × 20 1.32 xy − x y 11. A piece of wire of length 33 cm
360° = × 100 triangle (with all sides integers)
(a) 9 cm 2 (b) 12 cm 2 xy is bent into an arc of a circle of
=
50
π (c) 16 cm 2 (d) 25 cm 2 is 15 cm, then what is the
0.32 x y radius 14 cm. What is the angle
E
3 = × 100 = 32% maximum perimeter of the
Perimeter of sector = Length of are + 2 r _ (c) If all the sides of a parallelogram is xy subtended by the arc at the triangle?
As, AC || BE and AB|| CE, ABEC forms equal that mean its a rhombus. centre of the circle?
50 Alternate method (a) 240 cm (b) 225 cm
a parallelogram. = π + 40 Let diagonal of rhombus are x and 2 x.
3 Here, a = 20%, b = 10% (a) 75° (b) 90° (c) 135° (d) 150° (c) 113 cm (d) 112 cm
where, AC = BE and AB = CE According to the question,
Similarly,
According to the question,
x + 2 x = 12
Required percentage increase in the _ (c) Length of arc ( l ) = 33 cm _ (a) Let 2 other sides be x and y.
50 area of rectangle Radius ( r ) = 14 cm
As, AC || DB and BC || AD, ADBC forms 2 πr = π + 40 3x = 12 So, x 2 = y 2 + 15 2
a × b
a second parallelogram.
3 x =4 =  a + b + % l=
θ
× 2 πr [for maximum perimeter]
25 20 25 70  100  360°
where, AC = BD and AD = BC ⇒ r= + ⇒ r= + 1
∴Area of rhombus = × d 1 × d 2 x − y 2 = 15 2
2
π 20 × 10  θ
=  20 + 10 +
3 3 11 22 ( x − y)( x + y) = 225
With this we can conclude that B is 2 % 33 = ×2 × × 14
∴ r=
485
= 14.7 [approx.] 1  100  360° 7
mid-point of DE and AC is half of DE. = × 4 × 8 = 16 cm 2 To make perimeter maximum we need
33 2 = ( 30 + 2 )% = 32% ∴ θ = 135° to minimize the difference between sides.
Similarly, it will be true for FD and EF also.
Area and Perimeter 115 116 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

So, on comparing Change in percentage of area 19. The perimeter of a right-angled 21. The angles of a triangle are in 22. The hypotenuse of a right
_ (c) Two circle are drawn with the same
x + y = 225 …(i) centre (O). triangle is k times the shortest the ratio 1 : 1 : 4. If the angled triangle is 10 cm and its
3 3x 2
x − y=1 × side. If the ratio of the other perimeter of the triangle is k
…(ii) area is 24 cm2 . If the shorter
= 4 4 × 100 = 75%
side to hypotenuse is 4 : 5, then times its largest side, then what
By solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 3 2 side is halved and the longer
x what is the value of k? is the value of k?
x = 113, y = 112 4 R side is doubled, the new
∴ Maximum perimeter = x + y + 15 (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 2 2 hypotenuse becomes
Option (a) is correct. O r (a) 1 + (b) 1 −
= 113 + 112 + 15 Alternate method _ (c) ∆ABC is right angle triangle at B 3 3 (a) 245 cm (b) 255 cm
= 240 cm 2
Here, a = 50% A (c) 2 + (d) 2 (c) 265 cm (d) 275 cm
3
Required percentage decrease in area of _ (c) ABC is right angle triangle at B.
2019 (I) 
equilateral triangle =  2 a −
a2 
% Circumference of smaller circle = 44 cm 5x
_ (a) The angle of triangle are in the ratio
1 : 1 : 4.
A
 100  and Radius of smaller circle = r Then, two angle are equal.
14. In a rectangle, length is three ( 50) 2
2500 Circumference of circle = 2 πr A
= 2 × 50 − = 100 −
times its breadth. If the length 100 100 ⇒ 2 πr = 44 x 10 cm
B C
and the breadth of the rectangle = 100 − 25 = 75% r=7 …(i) 4x 4y
are increased by 30% and 10% Circumference of big circle AC = 5x , BC = 4x
respectively, then its perimeter 16. Considering two opposite = 2 × smaller circle X X
AB is shortest side of triangle. B y C
increases by vertices of a square of side ‘a’ as = 2 × 44 = 88 ( AB)2 + ( BC )2 = ( AC )2
40 centres, two circular arcs are 2 πR = 88 AC = 10 cm
(a) % (b) 20% (c) 25% (d) 27% ( AB)2 + ( 4x )2 = ( 5x )2
3 drawn within the square joining R = 14 y y AB = x
AB = 25x 2 − 16x 2 = 9x 2 B C
the other two vertices, thus Area between two circles BC = y
_ (c) Breadth of the rectangle = x forming two sectors. What is Then, ABC is isosceles triangle
A = πR 2 − πr 2 AB = 3x ( AB) + ( BC )2 = ( AC )2
2
Length of the rectangle = 3x Let AB = x
the common area in these two A = π( R 2 − r 2 ) Perimeter of triangle is k times the x 2 + y 2 = 100
Perimeter of rectangle = 2( x + 3x ) A perpendicular drawn from vertex A to
…(i)
sectors? =
22
× [14 2 − 7 2 ] =
22
× 21 × 7 shortest side 1
= 8x …(i) BC is D. Area of triangle = × AB × BC
(a) a 2  π +  (b) a 2  π −  AB + BC + CA = k × ( AB)
1 1 7 7 2
[Q P = 2 ( l + b )] 
A
2  2 = 462 cm 2
3x + 4x + 5x = k × ( 3x ) 1
Increases length 30%, then 24 = × x × y
π π
130 39x (c) a 2  − 1 (d) a 2  + 1 18. A rectangular red carpet of size k=
12 x
= 4⇒ k = 4
2
Length = × 3x = 2  2  xy = 48
100 10
6 ft × 12 ft has a dark red border 3x 2y 2y
…(ii)
_ (c) ABCD is a square 6 inches wide. What is the area We know, ( x + y)2 = x 2 + y 2 + 2 xy
Increases breadth 10%, then 20. A 12 m long wire is cut into two
and Side of a square = a of the dark red border? x x ( x + y) = 100 + 2 × 48 = 196
2

Breadth =
110
×x =
11x pieces, one of which is bent into
(a) 9 sq feet (b) 15 sq feet x + y = 14 …(iii)
100 10 D C a circle and the other into a
(c) 17 sq feet (d) 18 sq feet
square enclosing the circle. and ( x − y)2 = x 2 + y 2 − 2 xy
New perimeter of rectangle
_ (c) Given ( x − y)2 = 100 − 2 × 48 = 4
= 2 
39x 11x  What is the radius of the circle?
+  = 10x …(ii) y y x− y=2 …(iv)
 10 10  6 inches 12 6
(a) (b) B D C From Eqs. (iii) and (iv), we get
Increases in perimeter Eqs. (i) and (ii), π+ 4 π+ 4
3 6 BD = DC [isosceles triangle] x =8 ⇒ y=6
we get (c) (d)
10x − 8x = 2 x π+ 4 π+2 2 AD is also angle bisector The shorter side is halved
6 ft
A B In ∆ADB, 6
Percentage of change in perimeter a _ (b) A square enclosing the circle y1 = = 3 cm
2x 2 y + y + 90 = 180° 2
= × 100 = 25% The longer side is doubled
8x Shaded region is the common area of the [sum of triangle’s interior angles]
Option (c) is correct.
sectors. y = 30° x 2 = 8 × 2 = 16 cm
12 ft
Area of shaded region BD Now, new hypotenuse
R cos 30° =
15. What is the percentage decrease = 2 × Area of sector − Area of square Width of red border = 6 inches AB = x 12 + y12 = 16 2 + 3 2
in the area of a triangle if its 90° =
6
= 0.5 feet {Q 1 ft = 12 inches}
= 2 × π a2 × − a2 3 BD
= ⇒ BD =
3x
= 256 + 9 = 265 cm
each side is halved? 360° 12
2 x 2
(a) 75% (b) 50% θ Length of outer rectangle = 12 feet 23. Consider the following
[Q area of sector πr 2 ] 3x
(c) 25% (d) No change 360° Breadth of outer rectangle = 6 feet 2R Similarly, DC =
2 statements :
π a2 π Radius of circle = R
− a 2 = a 2  − 1
_ (a) Let we have an equilateral triangle and Area of outer rectangle
=2 × and Side of square = 2 R BC = BD + DC 1. The perimeter of a triangle is
side of triangle = x 4 2  = l × b = 12 × 6 = 72 sq feet
Circumference of circle = 2 πR 3x 3x greater than the sum of its
3 2 Length of inner rectangle BC = + = 3x
Area of triangle = x Option (c) is correct. Perimeter of square = 4(2 R ) = 8R 2 2 three medians.
4 = 12 − 0.5 − 0.5 = 11 feet
17. Two circles are drawn with the Total length of wire Perimeter of triangle equal to k times 2. In any triangle ABC, if D is
Now, Triangle each side is halved = x / 2 Breadth of inner rectangle
2 πR + 8R = 12 larger side of triangle. any point on BC, then
same centre. The circumference = 6 − 0.5 − 0.5 = 5 feet AB + BC + CA > 2 AD.
2
3x 3 x2 2 ( πR + 4R ) = 12 x + x + 3x = k 3x
New area of triangle =   = of the smaller circle is 44 cm Area of inner rectangle
4 2 4 4 R( π + 4) = 6 3xk = 2 x + 3x Which of the above statements
and that of the bigger circle is = 11 × 5 = 55 sq feet
3 x2 6 3x + 2 x is/are correct?
Change in area =
3 2
x − double the smaller one. What is Area of darkred border R = k=
π+ 4 (a) 1 only
4 4 4 the area between these two circles? = (area of outer rectangle) 3x
(b) 2 only
2 6 2
3 3x (a) 154 cm2 (b) 308 cm2 − (area of inner rectangle) Radius of circle = k = 1+ (c) Both 1 and 2
= π+ 4
4 4 (c) 462 cm2 (d) 616 cm2 = 72 − 55 = 17 sq feet 3 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Area and Perimeter 117 118 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

AC = 41 cm Here, 29. Let S be the parallelogram Area of ∆ = s( s − a ) ( s − b ) ( s − c ) 3 2

_ (c) (1) The perimeter of a triangle is greater Area of equilateral ∆ = l
obtained by joining the a+ b+c 4
than the sum of its three medians. Area of ∆ADC AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 Where s =
2
A A= s( s − a ) ( s − b ) ( s − c ) ⇒ BC 2 = AC 2 − AB2 mid-points of the parallelogram 3  k2  k2
5+ 6+ 7 =  =
⇒ BC = AC 2 − AB2
T . Consider the following ∴ s= =9 4  9  12 3
a+ b+c 2
S = statements
2 ∆ = 9( 9 − 5) ( 9 − 6) ( 9 − 7 ) k2
[a, b and c side of triangle] = (u 2 + v 2 )2 − (u 2 − v 2 )2 1. The ratio of area of T to that S Area of square = x 2 =
F E ∆ = 9× 4× 3×2 16
41 + 15 + 28 84 is 2 : 1
S = = = 42 cm = 4 u 2v 2 = 2uv k2 k2
2 2 2. The perimeter of S is half of ∆ = 6 6 = 6 × 2.44 Area of circle = πr 2 = π =
A = 42( 42 − 28) ( 42 − 41) ( 42 − 15)
1 = 14.69 4π2 4π
Now, area of ∆ABC = × base × height the sum of diagonals of T.
2 = 147
. cm2 k2 k2 k2
= 42 × 14 × 1 × 27 1 Which of the above statements > >
B D C = × (u 2 − v 2 ) × (2uv ) 4 π 16 12 3
It is property of triangle. A = 7 × 3 × 2 × 3 = 126 cm2 2 is/are correct? 31. There is a path of width 5 m
(a) 1 only C>S>T
AD, BE and CF are three medians of = uv(u 2 − v 2 ) around a circular plot of land
25. What is the area of quadrilateral (b) 2 only ⇒ T<S<C
triangle. ⇒ uv(u + v ) (u − v ) = 2016
(c) Both 1 and 2 whose area is 144π m2 . The
ABCD ?
(2)ABC is triangle and D is a point on BC. ⇒ uv (u + v ) (u − v ) = 9 × 7 × 16 × 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 total area of the circular plot 33. The areas of two similar
A (a) 300 cm2 (b) 306 cm2
(c) 312 cm2 (d) 316 cm2
Comparing both sides,
_ (a) Given,
including the path surrounding triangles are (7 − 4 3 ) cm2 and
u = 9, v = 7 it is
_ (b) Area of quadrilateral ABCD Area of parallelogram ABCD = T (7 + 4 3 ) cm2 respectively. The
Perimeter of triangle (a) 349 π m 2
(b) 289 π m 2
= Area of ∆ABC + Area of ∆ADC Area of parallelogram PQRS = S ratio of their corresponding
1 = (u 2 + v 2 ) + (u 2 − v 2 ) + 2uv 1 (c) 209 π m 2 (d) 149 π m 2
Area of ∆ABC = × 40 × 9 = 180 cm2 Area of ∆PQS = × area of||gm ABQS sides is
= 2u 2 + 2uv
2 2 _ (b) Area of circular (a) 7 − 4 3 (b) 7 − 3 3
Area of quadrilateral = 180 + 126 = 2u(u + v ) 1
Area of ∆RSQ = × area of ||gm SQCD Plot of land = 144 π m 2 (c) 5 − 3 (d) 5 + 3
= 306 cm2 = 2 × 9 × (9 + 7 ) 2
B
D
C = 288 units D R C 5m _ (a) Ratio of area of two similar triangle =
26. What is the difference between Ratio of square of their corresponding sides
By triangle properties, 28. A circle is inscribed in an
perimeter of triangle ABC and 7 −4 3
∆ABD, AB + BD > AD …(i) equilateral triangle of side of ∴ = ratio of their
perimeter of triangle ADC? 7 + 4 3
∆ADC, AC + DC > AD ...(ii) length e.e. The area of any S Q
(a) 4 cm (b) 5 cm corresponding sides
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get (c) 6 cm (d) 7 cm square inscribed in the circle is
l2 3l 2 7 −4 3 7 −4 3
AB + AC + BD + DC > 2 AD = ×
_ (c) Difference between perimeter of ∆ABC (a) (b)
A P B 7 + 4 3 7 −4 3
AB + AC + BC > 2 AD and ∆ADC. 2 4
Perimeter of ∆ABC = 40 + 41 + 9 l2 l2 1
[Q BD + DC = AD ] (c) (d) ∴Area of parallelogram PQRS = (7 − 4 3 ) 2
7−4 3
4 6 Let r = radius of circular plot = =
Option (c) is correct. = 90 cm 2 (7 )2 − ( 4 3 )2 49 − 48
[area of parallelogram ABCD] ∴ 144 π = πr 2
Perimeter of ∆ADC = 28 + 41 + 15 _ (d) Side of equilateral ∆ABC = l
Directions (Q. Nos. 24-26) Read the 1 ⇒ r 2 = 144 =7−4 3
= 84 cm Radius of circle inscribed in ∆ABC S = T
given information carefully and Area of ∆ABC 2 ⇒ r = 12
Difference of perimeter of ∆ABC r= 34. The area of the region bounded
answer the given questions below. Semi - perimeter of ∆ABC ⇒ S : T = 1: 2 Area of circular plot including the path
and ∆ADC = 90 − 84 = 6 cm internally by a square of side
ABCD is a quadrilateral with ⇒ T :S = 2 :1 = π( r + 5)2 2a cm and externally by the
3 2
AB = 9 cm, BC = 40 cm, CD = 28 cm, l ∴ Statement 1 is correct = π(12 + 5)2 circle touching the four sides of
DA = 15 cm and angle ABC is a 2018 (II) ⇒ r= 4
3l 2. Perimeter of parallelogram PQRS = π(17 )2 = 289 π m 2 the square is
right-angle. 2 = PQ + RQ + RS + PS
1 32. An equilateral triangle, a square (a) ( 4 − π )a 2 (b) ( π − 2 )a 2
Diagram for questions (24-26) 27. If base and hypotenuse of a A PQ = AC = RS ( 8 − π )a 2 ( π − 2 )a 2
and a circle have equal
C 28 cm D right triangle are (u2 − v2 ) and 2 (c) (d)
RQ = PS = BD
1 perimeter. If T , S and C denote 2 2
(u2 + v2 ) respectively and 2 the area of the triangle, area of _ (a) Side of square ABCD is 2a cm
the area of the triangle is ∴ PQ + RQ + RS + PS the square and area of the circle A
S R D
2016 square units, then the 1 1
= AC + BQ + AC + BQ
1 1 respectively, then which one of
40 cm 2r the following is correct?
15 cm
perimeter of the triangle may be 2 2 2 2
(a) 224 units (b) 288 units ∴ PQ + RQ + RS + PS = ( AC + BD ) (a) T < S < C (b) S < T < C
P Q
90° (c) 448 units (d) 576 units Perimeter of S is equal to sum of (c) C < S < T (d) T < C < S a
B C diagonals T
B 9 cm A _ (b) According to the question, _ (a) An equilateral triangle, a square and a
In right angle ∆ABC l ∴Statement 2 is incorrect circle of perimeter are equal B 2a C
⇒ r=
24. What is the area of triangle 2 3 Let side of triangle = l cm
C 30. The sides of a triangle are 5 cm, ∴ Radius of circle
ADC? PR = 2 r Side of square = x cm
6 cm and 7 cm. The area of the = a cm
(a) 126 cm2 (b) 124 cm2 (diagonal )2 triangle is approximately Radius of circle = r cm
Area of square PQRS = Area of shaded region
(c) 122 cm2 (d) 120 cm2 u2+v2 2 ∴ 3l = 4x = 2 π r = k
(a) 14.9 cm 2 (b) 14.7 cm 2 = area of square – area of circle
PR 2 4r 2
_ (a) In ∆ABC, ∠B = 90º = = = 2r2 (c) 14.5 cm 2 (d) 14.3 cm 2
⇒ l = k / 3, x = k / 4, r =
k = (2 a )2 − πa 2
( AC )2 = AB2 + BC 2 2 2 2π
2 2 2 _ (b) The sides of triangles are 5cm , 6 cm = 4a 2 − πa 2 = ( 4 − π )a 2
AC = ( 9)2 + ( 40)2 A B  l  2l l and 7cm respectively
u2−v2 =2   = =
AC = 81 + 1600 2 3 4×3 6
Area and Perimeter 119 120 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

∴Area of shaded region 39. Walls (excluding roofs and Area of two smaller circles = 2 π r 2 43. Walls (excluding their roofs and
35. In the figure given below, ABC _ (b) Area of shaded regions 2
floors) of 5 identical rooms π R2 floors) of 5 identical rooms
= Area of semi-circle on AD = Area of bigger semi-circle = 2 π   =
is a right-angled triangle where R
∠A = 90 º, AB = p cm and + area of semicircle on AB – 2(area of smaller semi-circle) having length, breadth and 2 2 having length, breadth and
AC = q cm. On the three sides – area of semi-circle on BD – area of smallest circle height 6 m, 4 m and 2.5 m π R2 height 6 m, 4 m and 2.5 m
respectively are to be painted. Remaining area = π R 2 − respectively are to be painted.
π π
as diameters semi-circles are = ( 54)2 − 2  (27 )2  − π(18)2 2
Paints are available only in cans
drawn as shown in the figure. 2 2  Out of five rooms, two rooms πR 2
A
= = of 1 L and one litre of paint can
The area of the shaded portion, πr 2 have one square window each 2 2
6 [Q area of semi-circle = and area of having a side of 2.5 m. be used for painting 20 square
in square cm, is A D 2
B 6 C 6 41. In a room whose floor is a metres. What is the number of
circle = πr 2] Paints are availbable only in
A
π square of side 10 m, an cans required for painting?
= [54 2 − 2(27 )2 − 2(18)2 ] cans of 1 L; and 1 L of paint can
equilateral triangular table of (a) 10 (b) 12 (c) 13 (d) 14
2 be used for painting 20 m2 . The
π 2 π π π side 2 m is placed. Four book
= ( 9) + ( 3)2 − ( 6)2 = [2916 − 1458 − 648] number of cans required for _ (c) Length, breadth and height of room are
2 2 2 2
shelves of size 4 m × 1 m × 9 m 6m, 4m and 2.5m respectively.
painting is
B C π are also placed in the room. If
πr 2  = × 810 = 405 π cm2 (a) 10 (b) 12 (c) 13 (d) 14
Q Area of four walls of room
[Q area of semi-circle = half of the rest of the area in the
π( p2 + q 2 ) 2  2 = 2( l + b ) × h
(a) pq (b) _ (b) Length ( l ), breadth ( b ) and height ( h) of room is to be carpeted at the ∴Area of four walls = 2( 6 + 4) × 2.5
2 π 2 38. In the figure given below, walls are 6 m, 4m and 2.5 m respectively, rate of ` 100 per square metre,
pq = ( 9 + 32 − 62 ) = 50 m2
(c) π( p2 + q 2 ) (d) 2 ABCD is a square of side 4 cm. ∴ Area of 4 walls = 2 h ( l + b ) what is the cost of carpeting
2 π Area of 5 such rooms = 50 × 5 = 250 m2
= ( 81 + 9 − 36) Quadrants of a circle of = 2 × 2.5( 6 + 4) = 50 m 2 (approximately)?
_ (d) 2 Paint required to paint
A diameter 2 cm are removed form Area of 4 walls of 5 rooms (a) ` 7,600 (b) ` 5,635 250
π 250 m2 = = 12.5 L
= ( 54) = 27 π the four corners and a circle of = 5 × 50 = 250 m 2 (c) ` 4,113 (d) ` 3,200
2 20
q diameter 2 cm is also removed. Area of windows = (2.5)2 = 625 . m2
p _ (c) Area of the rest of the room Q 1 can contains 1 L paint
37. In the figure given below, the What is the area of the shaded Area of windows = 2 × 625 . = 12.50 m 2 = Area of floor − Area of triangular table ∴Number of cans required = 13
B p2+q2 C diameter of bigger semi-circle is region? Total area required for painting − Area of four book shelves
108 cm. What is the area of the D C = 250 − 12.50 m 2 3
44. A rectangular pathway having
Area of shaded region shaded region? = (side )2 − (side )2 width 4.5 m and length 10 m
= 237.50 2
= area of semi-circle on AB + area of will have to be tiled using square
semi-circle on AC + area of Now, one cans paints = 20 m 2 − 4 × (length × breadth)
∴Number of cans required for painting tiles of side 50 cm. Each packet
∆ABC − area of semi-circle on BC 3 2
237.50 = (10)2 − (2 ) − 4 × 4 × 1 of such tiles contains 20 pieces
π  p2  π q2 1 = = 11875
. = 12 cans 4
=   +   + pq 20 and cost ` 100. What will be
2 4 2  4 2 = 100 − 3 − 16 the total cost of tiles for the
π  p2 + q 2 
−   54 cm 54 cm A B = 84 − 3 m2 pathway.
2  4 
(a) 201π cm 2 7 7 2018 (I) The area of the rest of the room to be (a) ` 1,200 (b) ` 1, 100
 πr 2  (a) 5 cm 2 (b) 7 cm 2
(b) 186.3 π cm 2 84 − 3 2 (c) ` 1,000 (d) ` 900
Q ara of semi − circle = 2 
9 9
(c) 405 π cm 2 40. Two equal circular regions of carpeted = m
  5
(c) 9 cm 2
5
(d) 9 cm 2 2 _ (d) Area of rectangular pathway
1 (d) 769.5 π cm 2 7 6 greatest possible area are cut off  84 − 3  = length × width
= pq Cost of carpeting = `   × 100
_ (c) Given, AO = OB = OD = 54 cm from a given circular sheet of = 4.5 × 10 = 45 m2
2 _ (c) Area of shaded region =  2 
area A. what is the remaining 50 50
36. In the figure given below, ABCD ∴ OP = OQ = 27 cm and CD = r = Area of square = ` 4113.5 Area of 1 square tile = ×
area of the sheet? 100 100
is the diameter of a circle of D – 4 (area of quadrant)– area of circle = ` 4,113 [approximate]
A A 1 2
r π 2 (a) (b) = m
radius 9 cm. The lengths = a2 − 4 × r − πr 2 2 3 42. If the length of a side of a 4
C 4
AB, BC and CD are equal. r r (c)
3A
(d)
2A
square is increased by 8 cm, its ∴Number of tiles required
π
Semi-circles are drawn on AB = ( 4)2 − 4  (1)2  − π(1)2 5 5 area increases by 120 square cm. =
45
= 45 × 4 = 180
and BD as diameters as shown 27 27 4  1
27 _ (a) Let the radius of circular sheet be ‘R’ What is the length of a side of
in the figure. What is the area of 2 4
A P O Q B {Q a = 4, r = = 1} the square?
the shaded region? 2 180
(a) 2.5 cm (b) 3.5 cm Number of backets of tiles = =9
In ∆OPC, PC = OP + OC 2 2 2 = 42 − 2 π 20
22 (c) 4.5 cm (d) 5.5 cm
(27 + r )2 = 27 2 + ( 54 − r )2 = 16 − 2 × r r ∴Total cost of tiles = 9 × 100 = ` 900
7 _ (b) Let the side of square be x cm
{QOC = OD − CD} 44 ∴New side of square = x + 8 cm 45. A wire is in the form of a circle
= 16 − R
A D 7 of radius 98 cm. A square is
B C ⇒ (27 )2 + 54r + r 2 According to the question,
112 − 44 ( x + 8)2 − x 2 = 120 formed out of the wire. What is
= 27 + ( 54) − 108r + r
2 2 2
=
7 ∴ Area of sheet = π R 2 = A the length of a side of the
54r = 2916 − 108r [Q area of square = side 2]
68 5 Let two circular regions of ‘r’ radius are 22
162 r = 2916 = = 9 cm2 ⇒ x + 64 + 2( 8)( x ) − x 2 = 120
2
square? (Use π = )
(a) 9 π (b) 27 π 7 7 cut off from circular sheet. 7
[Q( a + b )2 = a 2 + 2 ab + b 2]
(c) 36 π (d) 81π ⇒ r = 18 2r = R (a) 146 cm (b) 152 cm
⇒ 16x = 120 − 64
Q
R (c) 154 cm (d) 156 cm
∴ r= x =
56
= 3.5 cm
2 16 _ (c) Radius of circle
[∴ greatest area possible are cut off] Hence, side of square = 3.5 cm. = 98 cm
Area and Perimeter 121 122 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

Q Length of wire = Circumference of circle According to the question, _ (b) We have B In ∆PDM, 2 ∠QRP = 180º −90º = 90°
_ (a) A
x2
∴Length of wire = 2 π r Perimeter of square = Perimeter of P′ ∠QRP = ∠QPR = 45º
PM 2 = PD 2 − DM 2 = y 2 −
22 parlateral triangle R 4 Q r R
=2× × 98 = 616 cm
7 4x = 3a P 25 2 x 2
D E l r O′ = x − [from Eq. (i)] S
Now, it is transformed into a square ∴ 4 × 6 = 3a r R 36 4 r
45°
θ r O 16x 2
which means circumference of circle will ∴ a = 8 cm =
A C
be equal to the perimeter of square. Hence, area of triangle 36 P
B C
Q Perimeter of square = 4 × side 3 2 3 ∆ ABC and ∆ ADE are equilateral
Area of largest circle is 9 times of area
⇒ PM =
4x 2
= x
616 = a = × 8 2 = 16 3 cm2 of smaller circle 6 3
∴ Side of square = = 154 cm 4 4 triangles.
R
4 ∴ Area of shaded region ∴ πR 2 = 9 πr 2 ⇒ =3 1
Area of ∆PDC = DC × PM
49. What is the area of the region r 2 Area of shaded region
46. What is the area of the largest = ar ( ∆ ABC ) − ar( ∆ ADE )
bounded internally by a square In ∆AOP 1 2 1 = Area of ∆PQR − Area of sector PQSP
3 2 3 l
2
3  2 l2  = × x × x = x2
circular disc cut from a square of of side of length ‘a’ and = l −   = l −  sin θ =
OP
=
r 2 3 3
...(i) 1 45° r2 πr 2
2 4 4 2 4  4 AO AO = r2 − × πr 2 = −
side units? internally by a circle passing Area of square = x 2 2 360 2 8
π through the four corners of the 3 3l 2 3 3l 2 In ∆AO ′P ′ ∴ Ratio of area of ∆PDC to area of
= × = O ′ P′
(a) π sq units (b) 1 sq units square? 4 4 16 sin θ = =
R
...(ii) x2 2 56. An arc of a circle subtents an
AO ′ AO ′ square = : x = 1: 3 angle π at the centre. If the
(c) π 2 sq units (d) 2 sq units (a) ( π − 1) a 2 sq units 3
( π − 1) a 2 From Eqs. (i) and (ii), length ofthe arc is 22 cm, then
_ (b) (b)
2
sq units 2017 (II) r
=
R 54. What is the area of the triangle what is the radius of the circle?
(c) ( π − 2 ) a 2 sq units AO AO ′ whose sides are 51 cm, 37 cm 22
( π − 2 ) a2 51. The diameters of two given R AO ′ and 20 cm? (take π = )
r 2 (d) sq units = 2
√π 2 circles are in the ratio 12 : 5 and r AO (a) 300 square cm (b) 305 square cm
(a) 5 cm (b) 7 cm (c) 9 cm (d) 11 cm
the sum of their areas is equal to AO + OO ′ 4r (c) 306 square cm (d) 307 square cm
_ (d) ⇒ 3= = 1+
the area of a circle of diameter AO AO _ (b) We know that,
_ (c) Area of ∆ABC
65 cm. What are their radii? {QOO ′ = r + R = r + 3r = 4r} = s( s − a ) ( s − b ) ( s − c )
Let the radius of circle be r unit. 20° 4r 1 r
(a) 12 cm and 5 cm ⇒ 2 = ⇒ = 20 + 37 + 51 108
side of square 1 2 1 O a s= =
(b) 24 cm and 10 cm AO 2 AO
∴ r= = × = 90° 2 2
2 2 π π (c) 60 cm and 25 cm 1
(d) 30 cm and 12.5 cm ⇒ sin θ = ⇒ θ = 30° A
2 2
 1  A B
Area of circle = π r 2 = π   _ (d) Let the radius of two circle are12 x and 5x ∴ ∠BAC = 2 × 30° = 60° r θ r
 π a

cm
∴Sum of area of two circles are

37
π 53. An isosceles triangle is drawn

cm
= = 1 sq units π(12 x )2 + π( 5x )2

20
Let the edge of the square is a units
π {Q area of circle = πr 2} outside on one of the sides of a
diameter of circle = diagonal of square l
47. The product of the lengths of = 2a Area of circle whose diameter is 65 cm square as base in which a way
2
that the perimeter of the complete B 51 cm C 1
l = rθ, r =
is π  
the diagonals of a square is The radius of circle 65
θ
50 sq units. What is the length 2a a  2  7 s = 54
(r ) = = units According to question, figure is times the perimeter r=
22
,r =
22
× 7 = 7 cm
of a side of the square? 2 2 6 ∆ = 54( 54 − 20) ( 54 − 37 ) ( 54 − 51) π 22
π(144x 2 ) + π(25x 2 ) = π 
4225 
(a) 5 2 units (b) 5 units Area of shaded region  of the original square. What is = 54 × 34 × 17 × 3
 4 
(c) 10 units (d) 2 5 units = Area of circle − Area of square the ratio of area of the triangle = 9 × 3 × 2 × 17 × 2 × 17 × 3
4225 4225
_ (b) Let the side of square be ‘a’ unit  a 
= π  −a
2
2
⇒ 169x 2 =
4
⇒ x2 =
4 × 169
to the area of the original square? = 3 × 3 × 2 × 17 = 306 cm2 2017 (I)
∴Diagonal of square = a 2 unit  2 65 5 (a) 1 : 1 (b) 2 : 3 (c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 3
⇒ x = = 55. Segment QR of length r is a
According to the question, πa2
a 2 26 2 _ (d) We have 57. If the perimeter of a rectangle is
= − a2 = (π − 2) tangent at Q to a circle of radius
Product of diagonals = 50 sq units ∴Radii of circle are Perimetre of PDABC = 2 y + 3x 10 cm and the area is 4 cm2,
2 2 r with centre at P.
∴ a 2 × a 2 = 50 5 then its length is
12 × = 30 cm P
⇒ 2 a 2 = 50 50. In the equilateral triangle ABC 2 What is the area of the part of (a) 6 cm (b) 5 cm (c) 4.5 cm (d) 4 cm
∴Side of square = a = 5 units given below, AD = DB and and
5
5 × = 12.5 cm y y the triangle PQR, which is
AE = EC, if l is the length of a 2 outside the circular region? _ (d) Let l and b the length and breadth of
the rectangle respectively.
48. A square and an equilateral side of the triangle, then what is D C πr 2 r 2 πr 2 Now, according to the question
triangle have the same
52. Two straight lines AB and AC xM (a) (b) −
the area of the shaded region? include an angle. A circle is 16 2 8 2( l + b ) = 10
perimeter. If the diagonal of the r2 πr 2 r2 πr 2 ⇒ l+ b = 5 …(i)
A drawn in this angle which x x (c) − (d) −
square is 6 2 cm, then what is touches both these lines. One 2 16 4 8 and lb = 4 …(ii)
the area of the triangle? more circle is drawn which From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we have
_ (b) We have, QR is a tangent of length r
(a) 12 2 cm2 (b)12 3 cm2 touches both these lines as well A B l( 5 − l ) = 4
D E x Radius of circle = r
(c) 16 2 cm2 (d) 16 3 cm2 ⇒ 5l − l 2 = 4
2as the previous circle. If the In ∆PQR, PQ = QR = r
_ (d) Let the side of square be ‘x’ cm and area of the bigger circle is 9 Perimetre of Square ⇒ l − 5l + 4 = 0
2
∠PQR = 90º
side of equilateral triangle be ‘a’ cm. times the area of the smaller ABCD = 4x ⇒ ( l − 4)( l − 1) = 0
B C ∠QPR = ∠QRP { PQ = QR}
∴Diagonal of square = x 2 cm circle, then what must be the According to question, ⇒ l = 4, 1
3 3l 2 3l 2 3 3l 2 3l 2 7 5 ∴ ∠PQR + ∠QRP + ∠QPR = 180º Hence, the length of triangle is 4 cm.
∴ x 2 =6 2 (a) (b) (c) (d) angle A? 2 y + 3x = ( 4x ) ⇒ y = x …(i)
16 16 32 32 6 6 90º + ∠QRP + ∠QRP = 180º
or x = 6 cm (a) 45° (b) 60° (c) 75° (d) 90°
Area and Perimeter 123 124 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

Now, s( s − A )( s − B)( s − C ) Let QM = b, then MR = c Total distance travelled by rear wheel in

58. The areas of two circular fields _ (c) _ (c) A 2m F 2m G
one revolution = π(2 y) = 2 πy
are in the ratio 16 : 49. If the A2  a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + a 2 + ( b + c ) P
A 2m 1m A4 =  Total distance travelled by front wheel in
radius of the bigger field is D
2m 3m  2  n revolutions
F 60° E B E
14 m, then what is the radius of A1 A3  c 2 + a 2 − a 2 + b 2 + ( b + c ) = 2 nxπ …(i)
the smaller field? ×  √a2+b2 √a2+c2
3m  2  Let the same distance travelled by rear
(a) 4 m (b) 8 m (c) 9 m (d) 10 m 60° 60° wheel in N revolutions
3m H
B C  a 2 + b 2 − c 2 + a 2 + ( b + c ) ∴ Total distance = 2 Nyπ …(ii)
_ (b) Let r1 and r2 be the radius of the circles. D × 
 2  Since, Eqs. (i) and (ii) are equal,
πr12 16 C
∴ = Q AF = 3.5 cm and BF = 3.5 cm Q M R ∴ 2 nxπ = 2 Nyπ
πr22 49 Q AD = EF = 1 m  a + b + c + a − ( b + c )
2 2 2 2 (b + c )
∴ AB = AF + BF = 3.5 + 3.5 = 7 cm ×  ⇒ N=
nx
r12 16 ∴ AB = BC = AC = 7 cm ∴ AC = AD + DC = 1 + 3 = 4 m  2  ∆PQM, ( PQ )2 = ( PM )2 + (QM )2 y
⇒ =
r22 49 ∴∆ABC is an equilateral triangle Now, in ∆ABC, 1 ( a 2 + b 2 )2 = ( PM )2 + ( b )2 nx
= {[ a 2 + b 2 ⋅ c 2 + a 2 − a 2 − b 2 ∴ Rear wheel revolves times.
r1 4 Now, Required area = Area of ∆ ABC a+ b+ c 2 + 3+ 4 9
⇒ = s= = = 16 ∆PMR, ( PR )2 = ( PM )2 + ( RM )2 y
2 2 2 + (b + c ) a2 + b 2
r2 7 − 3 × area of sector AFE ⇒ ( a 2 + c 2 ) = ( PM )2 + (c )2
9 9 9 9  + c 2 + a2 − a2 + b 2 ⋅ c 2 + a2 66. The wheels of a car are of diameter
⇒ r1 =
4
=
3 2
(7 ) − 3 ×
60
× π( 3.5)2 ∴ ar( ∆ABC ) =  − 2   − 3  − 4
r2 2 2  2  2  PM = a 80 cm each. The car is travelling
7 4 360 + (b + c ) c 2 + a2
4 9 5 3 1 3
Then, it is proved that at a speed of 66 km/h. What is
⇒ r1 = × 14 [Q r2 = 14 m] 3 = × × × = 15 m2
{Q area of triangle = (side) 2 and area + (b + c ) c + a − (b + c ) a + b
2 2 2 2
QM = b and MR = c the number of complete revolutions
7 4 2 2 2 2 4
πr 2θ + b 2 + c 2 + 2 bc ] Q PM = a each wheel makes in 10 min?
⇒ r1 = 8 m of sector = } Area of rectangle ADEF = DE × EF
360° 1
Area of triangle = × Base × Height (a) 4275 (b) 4350
= 2 × 1 = 2 m2 × [a 2 + b 2 + a2 + b 2
59. If each of the dimensions of a =
49 3 49
− π=
49
(2 3 − π ) cm 2 2 (c) 4375 (d) 4450
1
rectangle is increased by 200%, 4 8 8 Area of ∆CDE = × CD × DE ⋅ c 2 + a2 − (b + c ) a2 + b 2 1 80
2 = × (a + b ) × a _ (c) Given, radius of wheel = cm
the area is increased by 61. A copper wire when bent in the − a2 + b 2 ⋅ c 2 + a2
2 2
1
(a) 300% (b) 400% = × 3 × 2 = 3 m2 1 = 40 cm
form of a square encloses an area 2 − c 2 − a2 + (b + c ) c 2 + a2 = a( a + b )
(c) 600% (d) 800% 2 6600000
of 121 cm2. If the same wire is Area of trapezium EFGH Speed = 66 km/h = cm/min
_ (d) Let the length and width of the bent in the form of a circle, it + (b + c ) a2 + b 2 + (b + c ) c 2 + a2 60
1
= ( EF + GH ) × FG
64. What is area of largest triangle
rectangle are x and y respectively, encloses an area equal to 2 − b 2 − c 2 − 2 bc ]} inscribed in a semi-circle of [1 km = 100000 cm]
Then, area of rectangle = xy (a) 121 cm2 (b) 144 cm2 1 and time = 10 min [1 h = 60 min]
1
= × (1 + 3) × 2 = 4 m2 = [(2c 2 + 2 bc + 2( b + c ) c 2 + a 2 ) radius r units?
Now, Length of rectangle after (c) 154 cm2 (d) 168 cm2 2 16 (a) r 2 sq units (b) 2 r 2 sq units ∴ Distance travelled in 10 min
200
increasing by 200% = x + x = 3x 2( b + c ) c 2 + a 2 − 2c 2 − 2 bc )] (c) 3r 2 sq units (d) 4r 2 sq units = Speed × Time
100 _ (c) Let the length of the square be a cm ∴ Area of field =
3
15 + 2 + 3 + 4
∴ a 2 = 121 {Q area pf square = a 2} 4 6600000
Width of rectangle after increasing by 200% 4 = [( b + c ) c 2 + a 2 + c( b + c )] _ (a) Largest triangle inscribed in a = × 10 = 1100000 cm
 semi-circle is ∆ABC. 60
⇒ a = 11 cm 15  m2
200 3 16
= y+ y = 3y = 9 +
100 ∴ Length of the wire = Perimeter of  4  [( b + c ) c 2 + a 2 − c( b + c )] C Now, number of complete revolutions
∴ New area = ( 3x )( 3 y) = 9xy square of side a = 4 a = 4 × 11 = 44 cm 1 =
Distance
Let the radius of circle be r cm = ( b + c )[ c 2 + a 2 + c ]( b + c ) Circumference of a wheel
∴Percentage increase in area
9xy − xy ∴ Perimeter of circle = Length of wire 2016 (II) 4
[ c 2 + a2 − c ]
r
=
1100000 11 00000 × 7
=
= × 100
xy ⇒ 2 πr = 44 2 πr 2 × 22 × 40
1
⇒ r=
44
= 7 cm 63. The sides of a triangle are given = ( b + c )2[( c 2 + a 2 )2 − c 2 ]
=
8xy
× 100 = 800% 4
A r O r B = 625 × 7 = 4375
22
xy 2× ∴ Area of ∆ABC =
1
AB × OC
7 by a2 + b2 , c 2 + a2 and (b + c ), 1
= ( b + c )2 [c 2 + a 2 − c 2 ] 2 67. What is the area of a triangle
Alternate method ∴ Area enclosed by circle 4
where a, b, c are positive. What 1 with sides of length 12 cm,
Here, a = 200%, b = 200% 22 1 = × 2 r × r [Q AB = 2 r, OC = r]
= πr 2 = × (7 )2 =154 cm2 ⇒ ( b + c )2 a 2 2
a + b + ab  is the area of the triangle? 13 cm and 5 cm?
Percentage increase in = 
7 4
% = r 2 sq units (a) 30 cm2 (b) 35 cm2
 100  62. A field is divided into four a + b +c
2 2 2
⇒ s ( s − A )( s − B)( s − C )
(a) (c) 40 cm2 (d) 42 cm2
regions as shown in the given 1 65. The diameter of the front wheel
Area of rectangle 2 = a 2( b + c )2 …(i)
= 200 + 200 +
200 × 200 figure. What is the area of the a 2b 2 + b 2c 2 + c 2a 2 4 of an engine is 2 x cm and that _ (a) Given, the length of the sides are
(b) ∴ Area of triangle
100 field in square metres? 2 of rear wheel is 2 y cm. To cover a = 12 cm, b = 13 cm
= 400 + 400 = 800% A 2m F 2m G a( b + c ) = s( s − A )( s − B)( s − C ) the same distance, what is the and c = 5 cm
(c)
2 1 2 number of times the rear wheel a + b + c 12 + 13 + 5
2m 1m = a ( b + c )2 [from Eq. (i)] then, s= =
60. Three circles each of radius D 3( a 2b 2 + b 2c 2 + c 2a 2 ) 4 revolves when the front wheel 2 2
3.5 cm touch one another. The 2m E 3m (d)
B
2 1 revolves n times? = 15 cm
areas subtended between them is = a( b + c )
3m 2 n ny nx ∴ Area of triangle
_ (c) Let A = a + b , B = c + a and
2 2 2 2 xy
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(a) 6 ( 3 π − 2 ) square units 3m Alternate method xy x y n = s( s − a )( s − b )( s − c )
H C = ( b + c ) be the three sides of a given
PM⊥QR = 15(15 − 12 )(15 − 13)(15 − 5)
(b) 6 (2 π − 3 ) square units triangle. _ (c) Diameter of front wheel = 2 x cm
C A+ B+ C PQ = a +b
2 2
Diameter of rear wheel = 2 y cm = 15 × 3 × 2 × 10
(c)
49
(2 3 − π ) square units ∴ Semi-perimeter, ( s ) =
3 3 2
8 (a) 6 + 5 (b) 5 + 3 PR = a2 + c 2 Total distance travelled by front wheel in = 900 = 30 cm 2
4 2 a + b + c + a + (b + c )
2 2 2 2
one revolution = π(2 x ) = 2 πx
(d)
49
( 3 − π) square units 3 = QR = b + c
8 (c) 9 + 15 (d) 7 + 2 2 2
4
Area and Perimeter 125 126 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

2 π  16 707 4 707 
68. If the perimeter of a circle is ∴ Radius of wheel =
5
m 73. The area of four walls of a room = ⋅ − ⋅ _ (c) Let r be the radius of the circle. 79. Four equal discs are placed such
8  9 π 9 π  θ 
equal to that of a square, then 22 is 120 m2 . The length of the ∴ Length of arc = 2 πr   that each one touches two
Distance to be covered = 7 km = 7000 m 1  360°  others. If the area of empty
what is the ratio of area of circle room is twice its breadth. If the = × 707 m2
Now, distance traversed in one round = 2 πr 3 space enclosed by them is
to that of square? height of the room is 4 m, what ∴ Cost of levelling the shaded portion
Now, let the wheel traversed 7 km in n 150/847 sq cm, then the radius
(a) 22 : 7 (b) 14 : 11 is area of the floor? 707
rounds, then = × 63 = ` 14847 36° of each disc is equal to
(c) 7 : 22 (d) 11 : 14 (a) 40 m2 (b) 50 m2 (c) 60 m2 (d) 80 m2 3
7 km = n × 2 πr (a) 7 / 6 cm (b) 5 / 6 cm
_ (b) Let r be the radius of a given circle and ⇒ 7000 = n × 2 ×
22
×
5 _ (b) Let l, b and h be the length, breadth and 75. A circle of 3 m radius is divided (c) 1 /2 cm (d) 5 /11 cm
a be the length of each side of a given height of the room.
7 22
square. Now, area of four walls = 2( l + b ) h
into three areas by semi-circles _ (d) Let the radius of the circle be r.
⇒ 700 × 7 = n ⇒ n = 4900 of radii 1 m and 2 m as shown Then, side of square ABCD = 2 r
According to question, we get 120 = 2( l + b ) × 4 100 m
Perimeter of circle = Perimeter of square 71. A circle and a square have the in the figure. The ratio of the
⇒ 120 = 8(2 b + b ) [Q l = 2 b]
36° 
100 = 2 πr 
⇒ 2 πr = 4a same perimeter. Which one of three areas A, B and C will be A r r B
⇒ b = 5m ⇒ 
πr the following is correct?  360° 
⇒ a= …(i) ∴ l = 2 × 5 = 10 m C 1
2 (a) Their areas are equal ∴Area of the floor = l × b ⇒ 100 = 2 πr ×
Area of circle πr 2 πr 2 (b) The area of the circle is larger B 10
Now, = 2 = π = (10 × 5) = 50 m2 1000 500 C D
Area of square a  πr 
2
(c) The area of the square is times ∴ r= = m
  2 A 2π π
2  area of circle
∴ Area of empty space
[from Eq. (i)] (d) The area of the square is π times
area of circle
2016 (I) 77. The number of rounds that a
wheel of diameter 7/11 m will = Area of square − 4 (Area of quadrant)
πr 2 4 (a) 2 : 3 : 2 (b) 1 :1 : 1
= 2 2 × 4= make in traversing 4 km will be
_ (b) Let r and a be the radius of a circle and = (2 r )2 − 4  × πr 2 
π r π (c) 4 : 3 : 4 (d) 1 : 2 : 1 150 1
74. AD is the diameter of a circle ⇒
4 × 7 14 side of a square respectively. (a) 500 (b) 1000 847  4 
= = with area 707 m2 and _ (b) Given a radius of 3 m is divided in such
According to question, (c) 1700 (d) 2000 150 6 2
22 11 AB = BC = CD as shown in the a way that the radius of smaller semi-circle ⇒ = r
Hence, the required ratio is 14 : 11. circumference of circle = perimeter of is 1 m and radius of bigger semi-circle is _ (d) Number of rounds that a wheel of 847 7
figure. All curves inside the
square, 2 m. diameter D will make in traversing a 25 Q π = 22 
πr circle are semi-circles with their ⇒ r2 =
69. Two circles touch externally and 2 πr = 4a ⇒ a = distance = n(πD ) 121  7 
diameters on AD. What is the C
sum of their areas is 130 π cm2 2 Given that, distance = 4 km 5
Now, area of circle = πr 2
cost of levelling the shaded ⇒ r= cm
and the distance between their y B ⇒ n( πD ) = 4000 m 11
region at the rate of ` 63 per m2 ? x w
centres is 14 cm. What is the π 2r 2 z
n  π ×  = 4000
7
and area of square = a 2 = ⇒
difference in the radii of the 4 A  11 80. A circular path is made from
circles? two concentric circular rings in
n 
Clearly, the area of circle is larger than 22 7 
⇒ ×  = 4000 such a way that the smaller ring
(a) 5 cm (b) 6 cm the area of square. C  7 11
A D Area of shaded portion A ⇒ n = 2000 when allowed to roll over the
(c) 7 cm (d) 8 cm B
72. In an equilateral triangle = Area of semi-circle of radius 3 m circumference of the bigger ring,
Hence, the number of rounds is 2000.
_ (d) Let r1 and r2 be the radius of the two another equilateral triangle is − Area of semi-circle of radius 2 m takes three full revolutions. If
circles. drawn inside joining the + Area of semi-circle of radius 1 m 78. The base of an isosceles triangle the area of the pathway is equal
Then, πr12 + πr22 = 130 π cm2 mid-points of the sides of given (a) ` 29700 (b) ` 22400 1 1 1 is 300 units and each of its
= π ( 3) 2 − π (2 )2 + π (1)2 to n times the area of the
⇒ r12 + r22 = 130 ... (i) equilateral triangle and the (c) ` 14847 (d) None of these 2 2 2 equal sides is 170 units. Then, smaller ring, then n is equal to
⇒ ( r1 + r2 ) − 2 r1r2 = 130
2
process is continued up to _ (c) Area of circle with diameter (AD) 1
= π ( 9 − 4 + 1) = 3 π the area of the triangle is
(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 10
[Q a 2 + b 2 = ( a + b )2 − 2 ab] 7 times. What is the ratio of π ( AD ) 2 2 (a) 9600 sq units
= Area of portion B = 2 (Area of semi-circle _ (c) Let the radius of smaller ring be r1 and
⇒ (14) − 2 r1r2 = 130
2 area of fourth triangle to that of 4 (b) 10000 sq units
seventh triangle? of radii 2 m (c) 12000 sq units the radius of bigger ring be r.
[Q r1 + r2 = 14 cm] π ( AD ) 2
So, = 707 − Area of semi-circle of radius 1 m) (d) None of the above
⇒ 2 r1r2 = 66 ... (ii) (a) 256 : 1 (b) 128 : 1 4
Now, difference between radii = r1 − r2 (c) 64 : 1 (d) 16 : 1 707 707 = 2  π (2 ) 2 − π (1) 2  = 3 π
1 1 _ (c) Here, base = 300 units
⇒ AD = ×4 =2 m  2 2  and side = 170 units r1
On squaring, _ (c) Let the side of equilateral triangle be x. π π
Now, another equilateral triangle is drawn Similarly, area of shaded portion C We know that, Area of an isosceles triangle
( r1 − r2 )2 = r12 + r22 − 2 r1r2 AD
inside joining the mid-points of the sides of As, AB = BC = CD = = Area of portion A = 3 π Base r
= 130 − 66 = 64 3 = 4 (Side) 2 − (Base) 2
given equilateral triangle and process is Hence, the ratio of areas A, B and C is 4
[from Eq. (i) and Eq. (ii)] 2 707
continued upto 7 times. Then, the side of = m 1 : 1 : 1. 300
∴ ( r1 − r2 ) = 8 cm x 3 π = 4 (170)2 − ( 300)2 Since, the smaller ring takes three full
the fourth triangle be 3 and seventh 4
2 and AC = 2 AB = BD = 2 CD 76. A truck moves along a circular revolutions to roll over the circumference
70. What is the number of rounds x path and describes 100 m when = 75 4 × 28900 − 90000 of bigger ring.
5 triangle be 6 . 4 707
that a wheel of diameter m 2 = m
3 π it has traced out 36° at the centre. = 75 115600 − 90000 ∴ 2 πr = 3 (2 πr1 ) ⇒ r = 3r1
11 ∴ Required ratio = area of fourth triangle ∴ Area of shaded portion = 2 (Area of The radius of the circle is equal to = 75 25600 Now, area of pathway = πr 2− πr12 = n( πr12 )
will make in traversing 7 km? : area of seventh triangle semi-circle with AC as diameter 100 250 ⇒ πr 2 = ( n + 1) πr12
(a) 3300 (b) 3500 2 2
− Area of semi-circle with AB as
(a) m (b) m = 75 × 160
3 x  3 x  π π r2
(c) 4400 (d) 4900 =   :   ⇒ r 2 = ( n + 1)
4 23  4 26  diameter) 500 600 = 12000 sq units 9
5 2 π ( AC ) 2 2 π ( AB) 2 (c) m (d) m
_ (d) Given, diameter of wheel = m = 2 6 : 1 = 64 : 1 = − π π ∴ n = 9−1= 8
11 8 8
Area and Perimeter 127 128 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

Distance covered in 452 revolution _ (d) Diameter of semi-circle = 14 cm _ (a) Let parallel sides of trapezium are 5x _ (c) Given, a side of rhombus ( a) = 13 cm
2015 (II) cost of fencing the area at the
rate of ` 100 per metre? = 452 × 2 πr Radius of semi-circle, and 7 x respectively. and a diagonal of rhombus (d 1) = 10 cm
14 Area of trapezium Q Diagonals bisect each other at 90°
(a) ` 15600 Q 452 × 2 πr = 2260 r= = 7 cm
81. A square and an equilateral 2 1 ∴ ∠AEB = 90°
(b) ` 16800 2260 × 7 35 = (Sum of parallel side)
triangle have equal perimeter. (c) ` 18200 ∴ r= = Area of remaining portion 2 10
452 × 2 × 22 44 and AE = EC = = 5 cm
If the diagonal of the square is (d) More information is required = Area of rectangle × Distance between them 2
35 1
12 2cm, then the area of the Diameter = 2 r = 2 × – Area of semi-circle ⇒ ( 5x + 7 x ) × 14 = 336
_ (b) There are 437 fruit plants. 44 2 D C
triangle is 437 = 19 × 23 πr 2
Q
35 13 = l×b− ⇒ 12 x × 7 = 336 ⇒ x = 4 5 cm
(a) 24 2 cm 2 (b) 24 3 cm 2 ∴ There are 19 rows and 23 trees or = =1 m 2
22 22 The length of smaller side 5 cm
(c) 48 3 cm 2 (d) 64 3 cm 2 there are 23 rows and 19 trees. E
= 4 × 5 = 20 cm
Given, the distance between any two 90°
_ (d) Let length of side of square and 86. A square is inscribed in a right 14 cm
equilateral triangle be x and y, adjacent plants is 2 m and the distance triangle with legs x and y and 90. AB is a line segment of length
between any two adjacent rows is 2 m. A 13 cm B
respectively. has common right angle with 2a, with M as mid-point.
Then, Perimeter of square ∴ Length of orchard the triangle. The perimeter of 18 cm Semi-circles are drawn on one Now, in right angled ∆ABE,
= Perimeter of equilateral triangle = [1 + 22(2 ) + 1] = 46m the square is given by 1 22 side with AM, MB and AB as AB2 = AE 2 + BE 2
= 18 × 14 − × ×7 ×7
⇒ 4x = 3 y …(i) Breadth of orchard 2 xy 4xy 2 7 diameter as shown in the figure. ⇒ 13 2 = 5 2 + BE 2
(a) (b)
= x 2 = 12 2 = [1 + 18(2 ) + 1] = 38 m x+ y x+ y = 252 − 77 = 175 cm2 A circle with centre O and ⇒ BE 2 = 169 – 25 = 144
∴ Perimeter of orchard 2 xy 4 xy radius r is drawn such that this ∴ BE = 12 cm
[Q diagonal of square] (c) (d) 88. ABCD is a square. If the sides
= [( 46 × 2 ) + ( 38 × 2 )] = 168 m x 2 + y2 x 2 + y2 circle touches all the three ∴ BD = 2 × BE = 2 × 12 = 24 cm
x = 12 cm …(ii) AB and CD are increased by
∴ Cost of fencing at the rate of ` 100 semi-circles. The value of r is Length of second diagonal (d 2 ) = 24 cm
From Eq. (i),
per metre = 168 × 100 = ` 16800 _ (b) Let length of the side of square be l. 30%, sides BC and AD are
1
∴ y=
4x 4
= × 12 = 16 cm increased by 20%, then the area Now, area of rhombus = × d 1 × d 2
A O 2
3 3 84. The circumference of a circle is 90°–θ of the resulting rectangle exceeds r
1
3 100 cm. The side of the square the area of the square by = × 10 × 24 = 120 sq cm
So, area of triangle = × 16 × 16 2
4 inscribed in the circle is (a) 50% (b) 52% (c) 54% (d) 56% Alternate Method
y F D
= 64 3 cm2 (a) 50 2 cm (b)
100
cm
A M B Here, a = 13 cm, d 1 = 10 cm
π _ (d) Let the side of square be x. 2a a a a
Area of square = x 2 (a) (b) (c) (d) We know that, 4a 2 = d 12 + d 22
82. A boy is cycling such that the 50 2 100 2 3 2 3 4
wheels of the cycle are making (c) cm (d) cm Now, increased length ⇒ 4 × 13 2 = 10 2 + d 22
π π θ
B C _ (c) Since, two circles touch each other ⇒ 4 × 169 = 100 + d 22
= x  1 +
140 revolutions per minute. E 30  13x
_ (c) We have, circumference of circle  = externally if distance between their centres ⇒ 676 – 100 = d 22
If the radius of the wheel is
x
 100  10
= 2 πr = 100 DE l = Sum of their radii ⇒ d 2 = 576 = 24 cm
30 cm, then the speed of the 100 In ∆DEC, tan θ = = …(i) and increased breadth a
∴ 2 r= cm = diagonal of circle x −l O1 O 2 = r + 1
cycle is EC Now, area of rhombus = × d 1 × d 2
= x  1 +
20  12 x
π  = 2 2
(a) 15.5 km/h (b) 15.84 km/h In ∆AFD,  100  10 1
= × 10 × 24 = 120 sq cm
(c) 16 km/h (d) 16.36 km/h tan ( 90° − θ) = cot θ Now, new area of rectangle O2 2
r
FD
_ (b) Radius of wheel = 30 cm = =
l
…(ii) = length × breadth =
13x 12 x 156x 2
× = a 92. Two circles, each of radius r, with
30 AF y−l 10 10 100
= = 0.3 m 2 centres P and Q are such that
100 On multiplying Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 156x 2 56x 2 A M B
l Increased in area = −x =2 O1 each circle passes through the
Distance covered in 1 revolution l l 100 100
tanθ ⋅ cot θ = × a centre of the other circle. Then,
= 2 π ( 0 . 3) m = 0.6 π m x − l y− l and O 2 M = CM − O 2C = a − r, O1M =
Percentage increased in area the area common to the circles
Q Distance covered in 140 revolutions 2
Let the side of square be l cm. l2 56x 2 In right ∆O1MO 2,
= 140 × 0.6 π m 1= = × 100 = 56% is less than one-third of the sum
(x − l ) ( y − l ) 100x 2
⇒ Speed the cycle = distance/time Q Diagonal of square (O1O 2 )2 = (O1M )2 + (O 2M )2 of the areas of the two circles by
140 × 0.6 π = diameter of circle [Q tanθ cot θ = 1] Alternate method 22 3r 2 3r 2
= m/s Here, a = 30%, b = 20% ⇒  r + a  = a + ( a − r )2 (a) (b)
60 100 50 2 ⇒ xy − xl − yl + l = l 2 2
  4 3
∴ l 2 = ⇒l = cm  2 4
84 × 22 π π Q l( x + y) = xy Required percentage increase 3r 2
= = 4.4 m/s a2 a2 (c) (d) 3r 2
=  a + b +
7 × 60 ab 
% ⇒ r2 + + ra = + a 2 + r 2 − 2 ar 2
18
85. The diameter of a wheel that xy  100  4 4
= 4.4 × = 15.84 km/h makes 452 revolutions to move ⇒ l= _ (c) Given, radius of two circles be r.
5 x + y 30 × 20 ⇒ 3r = a
2 km and 26 dm is equal to = 30 + 20 + R
100 a
4xy ∴ r=
83. There are 437 fruit plants in an 9 13 ∴ Perimeter of square = 4l = 3
(a) 1 m (b) 1 m x + y = 50 + 6 = 56%
orchard planted in rows. The 22 22
distance between any two 89. The area of a trapezium is P Q
adjacent rows is 2 m and the
5
(c) 2 m
11
7
(d) 2 m
11
87. From a rectangular sheet of
336 cm2 . If its parallel sides are 2015 (I) r
sides 18 cm and 14 cm, a
distance between any two in the ratio 5 : 7 and the
_ (b) 1 km = 1000 m , 1 dm = 10 m semi-circular portion with
perpendicular distance between 91. The area of a rhombus with side S
adjacent plants is 2 m. Each row smaller side as diameter is taken
Q 2 km and 26 dm = 2000 + 260 them is 14 cm, then the smaller 13 cm and one diagonal 10 cm πr 2θ
has the same number of plants. out. Then, the area of the ∴ Area of sector PQRP =
There is 1 m clearance on all = 2260 m of the parallel sides is will be 360°
remaining sheet will be
sides of the orchard. What is the Let radius be r m. (a) 140 sq cm (b) 130 sq cm πr 2 × 60° πr 2
(a) 98 cm 2 (b) 100 cm 2
(a) 20 cm (b) 22 cm (c) 24 cm (d) 26 cm = =
Distance covered in revolution = 2 πr (c) 120 sq cm (d) 110 sq cm 360° 6
(c) 108 cm 2 (d) 175 cm 2
Area and Perimeter 129 130 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

Now, area of segment PQR Q Ratio of centroid of equilateral 97. The ratio of the outer and inner Semi-perimeter of triangle _ (d) Let the side of a square paper sheet be
94. From a circular piece of a+ b+c a cm.
= Area of sector PQRP cardboard of radius 3 cm, two triangle = 2 : 1 perimeters of a circular path is = …(ii)
– Area of equilateral triangle 2 Given, area of square paper sheet
sectors of 40° each have been ∴ Length of DC =
2
×
3
d =
3
d
23 : 22. If the path is 5 m wide,
πr 2 3 2 ∆ABC = 784 sq cm
= − r cut off. The area of the 3 2 3 then the diameter of the inner
6 4 circle is c 2 = a2 + b 2 ⇒ a 2 = 784
remaining portion is Now, radius of big circle,
Area of half common circle R = DE = DC + CE c 2 = ( a + b )2 − 2 ab ⇒ a = 28 cm
(a) 11 sq cm (b) 22 sq cm (a) 55 m (b) 110 m
πr 2 πr 2 3 2 πr 2 3 2 ( a + b )2 − c 2 Q Diameter of one circle
= + − r = − r (c) 33 sq cm (d) 44 sq cm =
3
d+
d (c) 220 m (d) 230 m ab = …(iii)
6 6 4 3 4 2 28
_ (b) Given, radius of circle, r = 3 cm
3 2
_ (c) Let the radius of outer circle and inner = = 14 cm
Area of common circle  3 1 Radius of circle 2
=d  +  circle be R m and rm , respectively.
 πr 2 3 2 π 3 Area of triangle
=2 ×  − r = 2 r2 −  3 2 Perimeter of outer circle = 2 πR m =
 3 4  3 4  40° Semi -perimeter of triangle
 3 3  1 3
= d + = d 3 + 1
3 × 2  6 
According to the question, O
 3 3 ab
2 π 3 = 2 28 cm
Required area = πr 2 − 2 r 2  − 40° d × 3(2 + 3 ) a+ b+c
3 3 4  = Rm
6 2
=
2 πr 2 2 πr 2 2 3r 2
− + =
3r 2 A B C ∴ Area of big circle = πR 2
rm
2 [by Eq. (i) and Eq. (ii)]
3 3 4 2 Area of remaining portion  28 cm
3(2 + 3 ) 5m
= Area of circle – 2 (Area of sector OABCO) = π d ×  1  ( a + b )2 − c 2 
93. The sides of a triangle are  6 
2  and radius of one circle
πr 2θ 2
25 cm, 39 cm and 56 cm. The = πr 2 − 2 ×  d 2 × 3(2 + 3 )2  and perimeter of inner circle = 2 πrm =   [by Eq. (iii)]
=
14
= 7 cm
360 = π× a+ b+c
perpendicular from the opposite 36  2 πR m 23 2
2θ    =
= πr 2 1 –
Q 2
vertex on the side of 56 cm is [Q θ = 40°] 2 πrm 22 ∴ Circumference of each plate
 360°  πd 2(2 + 3 )2 1 (a + b + c ) (a + b − c )
(a) 10 cm (b) 12 cm = R m 23 = = 2 πr = 2 π × 7
2 × 40°  12 ⇒ = 2 (a + b + c )
(c) 15 cm (d) 16 cm = πr 2 1 − rm 22 =2×
22
×7
 360°  Hence, the area of big circle is [Q a 2 − b 2 = ( a + b ) ( a − b )] 7
_ (c) Let the three sides of a triangle be a, b πd 2(2 + 3 )2 From the figure,
× 9 1 –
8  22
× 9 1 – 
22 2 1
and c, respectively. = = .
R m = 5 + rm = (a + b − c ) = 44 cm
7  36  7  9  12 2
∴ a = 56 cm, b = 39 cm and c = 25 cm 5 + rm 23 Hence, the circumference of each plate
22 7 = is 44 cm.
A = × × 9 = 22 sq cm 96. The sides of a triangular field rm 22 99. The area of the largest triangle
7 9
25 cm 39 cm are 41 m, 40 m and 9 m. The ⇒ 110 + 22 rm = 23 rm that can be inscribed in a

c b
95. Three equal circles each of number of rose beds that can be ⇒ rm = 110 m
semi-circle of radius r is 2014 (II)
diameter d are drawn on a plane prepared in the field if each (a) r 2 (b) 2 r 2 (c) 3r 2 (d) 4r 2
So, diameter of the inner circle is
in such a way that each circle rose bed, on an average, needs 2 × 110 = 220 m. _ (a) Let the r be the radius of semi-circle. 101. A railroad curve is to be laid on
D touches the other two circles. 900 sq cm space, is In ∆ABC, AO = OB = OC = r a circle. What radius
B 56 cm C A big circle is drawn in such a (a) 2000 (b) 1800 98. Let a, b, c be the sides of a right
a manner that it touches each of
[radius of circle] (approximate) should be used,
(c) 900 (d) 800 triangle, where c is the
Perimeter of triangle, the small circles internally. The C if the track is to change
hypotenuse. The radius of the
2s = a + b + c _ (a) Let the sides of a triangular field be a, b direction by 25º in a distance of
area of the big circle is and c, respectively. circle which touches the sides of
⇒ 2 s = 25 + 39 + 56 120 m?
(a) πd 2 (b) πd 2(2 – 3 )2 ∴ a = 41 m, b = 40 m and c = 9 m the triangle is r
⇒ s = 60 cm (a) 300 m (b) 280 m
πd 2( 3 + 1)2 πd 2( 3 + 2 )2 Perimeter of triangular field (a) ( a + b – c ) / 2
(c) (d) (c) 275 m (d) 264 m
Now, area of triangle 2 s = a + b + c = ( 41 + 40 + 9) (b) ( a + b + c ) / 2 A B
2 12 r O r
(c) ( a + 2 b + 2c ) / 2 _ (c) We know that,
= ⇒ 2 s = 90 ⇒ s = 45 m 2r
2 πr θ
s( s – a )( s – b )( s – c ) _ (d) Given, diameter of each circle = d (d) (2 a + 2 b – c ) / 2
arc length PQ =
= 60( 60 – 56)( 60 – 39)( 60 – 25) ∴ Radius of each circle = d / 2, Q Area of triangular field ∴ Area of largest triangle 360º
= s( s – a )( s – b )( s – c ) _ (a) Given, a, b and c are the sides of a right 1
= 60 × 4 × 21 × 35 triangle, where c is the hypotenuse. = × Base × Height
= 45( 45 – 41)( 45 – 40)( 45 – 9) A 2
= 420 sq cm …(i) 1
A B = 45 × 4 × 5 × 36 = × AB × OC [Q AB = OA + OB]
Again, area of triangle D 2
= 9× 5× 4× 5× 9× 4 1 O
1 = × 2 r × r = r2
= × Base × Altitude = 9 × 5 × 4 = 180 sq m
2 C c b 2 25°
r
1 Given, area of each rose bed Hence, the area of the largest triangle in
= × BC × AD ...(ii) 900 O
2 E = 900 sq cm = sq m circle is r 2. Q P
120 m
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 100 × 100 r
CE = d /2 100. Four equal-sized maximum
∴ Number of rose beds 2 × 314
. × r × 25º
1
× BC × AD = 420 Here, ∆ABC is an equilateral triangle. B a C
circular plates are cut off from a ∴ 120 =
Area of triangular field
2 = 1 360º
∴ Altitude of equilateral triangle Area of each rose bed Area of ∆ABC = × Base × height square paper sheet of area
1 120 × 360 43200
⇒ × 56 × AD = 420 3 180 × 100 × 100 2 784 sq cm. The circumference of ⇒ r= =
2 = (Side) = 1 2 × 314
. × 25 157
420 2 900 = ×a×b each plate is
⇒ AD = = 15 cm 2 = 27515
. m
28 =
3
( AB) =
3 = 2000 (a) 11 cm (b) 22 cm
d 1 ∴ r = 275 m [approx.]
Hence, the length of AD is 15 cm. 2 2 Hence, the number of rose beds is 2000. = ab …(i) (c) 33 cm (d) 44 cm
[Q AB = AF + FB = d ] 2
Area and Perimeter 131 132 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

πr 2 θ BC 2 = AB2 + AC 2
Directions (Q. Nos. 105-106) Read the 104. Consider the following Alternate Method
If radius of a circle is increased by 6%
2014 (I) ⇒
360°
= 72 π
= 62 + 82
following information carefully and statements 72 × 360 = 36 + 64
answer the given questions that follow. area of circle is increased ∴ θ= = 20°
1. The difference between the

108. How many circular plates of 36 × 36 = 100 cm
a2 
A piece of land is in the form of a diagonals of the parallelogram = 2 a + % diameter d be taken out of a πr θ
 100  Now, length of arc = ⇒ BC = 10 cm
parallelogram and the perimeter of is more than 20 m. square plate of side 2d with 180° Now, area of semi-circle
6 × 6
the land is 86 m. The length of one 2. The difference between the = 2 × 6 + % [Q a = 6%] minimum loss of material?
=
π × 36 × 20
= 4 π cm π( 3)2 9 π
side exceeds the other by 13 m and heights of the parallelogram is  100  (a) 8 (b) 6 (c) 4 (d) 2 180 =x = = cm 2
2 2
one of the diagonals is 41 m. more than 10 m. = 12 + 0.36
_ (c) From the figure, it is clear that, 4 111. A square is inscribed in a circle Area of semi-circle = y =
π( 4)2
102. What is the area of the Which of the above = 12.36% circular plates of diameter d can be made
of diameter 2a and another 2
parallelogram? statement(s) is/are correct? of a square plate of side 2d with minimum 16 π
(a) Only 1 106. The sides of a triangle are in the loss of material. square is circumscribing circle. = cm 2
(a) 63 m2 (b) 96 m2 1 1 1 The difference between the areas 2
(b) Only 2 ratio : : . If its perimeter is
(c) 126 m2 (d) 252 m2 of outer and inner squares is π( 5)2
(c) Both 1 and 2 2 3 4 Area of semi-circle = z =
2
_ (d) Given, perimeter of parallelogram land (d) Neither 1 nor 2 52 cm, then what is the length d/2 d/2
(a) a 2 (b) 2 a 2 (c) 3a 2 (d) 4a 2 25 π
= 86 m and diagonal = 41 m. Let one side = cm 2
of parallelogram be x m. _ (a) 1. Let second diagonal be x. of the smallest side? _ (b) For inscribed circle, 2
We know that , in parallelogram, (a) 9 cm (b) 10 cm Diameter of circle = Diagonal of square Now, value of
Then, other side = ( x + 13) m 9 π 16 π  25 π
∴ Perimeter = 2 ( x + x + 13) = 86 AC 2 + BD 2 = 2( DC 2 + BC 2 ) (c) 11 cm (d) 12 cm Since, sides of square are equal. x + y − z =  +  −
d/2 d/2  2 2  2
86 Then, x + 41 = 2 (15 + 28 )
2 2 2 2 Now, in ∆ABC by Pythagoras theorem,
⇒ 2 x + 13 = = 43 _ (d) Given, sides of a triangle are in the ratio =0
2 ⇒ x 2 = 337 = 18.36 (approx.) 1 1 1 2d AB2 + BC 2 = AC 2
= : :
⇒ 2 x = 43 − 13 = 30 ∴Difference between the diagonals 2 3 4 ⇒ 2 AB2 = 4a 2 113. Consider an equilateral triangle
30 = 41 − 18.36 = 22.64 109. What is the total area of three AB2 = 2 a 2 of a side of unit length. A new
∴ x = = 15 i.e. 6 : 4 : 3
equilateral triangles inscribed in
2 which is more than 20. ⇒ AB = 2 a equilateral triangle is formed by
Let the sides of a triangle be 6x, 4x and a semi-circle of radius 2 cm?
So, one side of parallelogram = 15 m So, Statement 1 is correct. ∴ Area of inner square joining the mid-points of one,
3x, respectively.
and other side = 15 + 13 = 28 m 2. Q Second height of parallelogram (a) 12 cm 2 (b)
3 3
cm 2 = AB2 = ( 2 a )2 = 2 a 2 then a third equilateral triangle
We know that,
∴ Base × Height = Area 4 is formed by joining the
28 m Perimeter of a triangle = Sum of all sides D C
A B
⇒ 15 × CN = 252 (c)
9 3
cm 2
(d) 3 3 cm 2
mid-points of second. The
of a triangle 4 process is continued. The
252
⇒ CN = = 16.8 m ⇒ 52 = 6x + 4x + 3x O
perimeter of all triangles, thus
15 m
15 m 15 _ (d) Since, ∆ AOB, ∆BOC and ∆COD are
41m ⇒ 52 = 13x equilateral. 2a formed is
N ∴ Difference between the heights
52 ∴ Side = 2 cm (a) 2 units (b) 3 units
= 16.8 − 9 = 7.8 ∴ x = =4 A B
D M C 13 (c) 6 units (d) Infinity
28 m which is not more than 10. B 2 C
∴ Smallest side of a triangle = 3x
So, Statement 2 is not correct. For circumscribed square, _ (c) Perimeters of triangles
In ∆ABD, AB = 28m, AD = 15 mBD = 41m =3×4 2 2 Diameter of circle = Side of square
a + b + c 28 + 15 + 41 84 105. If the radius of a circle is = 12 cm 2 2
∴S = = = ∴ Area of circumscribed square
2 2 2 increased by 6%, then its area
107. If every side of an equilateral = (2 a )2 = 4a 2
S = 42 m will increase by A D
triangle is doubled, then the 2 O 2 ∴ Difference between areas of outer and
Area of triangle = s( s − a )( s − b )( s − c ) (a) 6% (b) 9% area of new triangle becomes 3 inner squares = 4a 2 − 2 a 2 = 2 a 2
Now, area of ∆ABD (c) 12.36% (d) 16.64% Now, total area = 3 × (side) 2
times the area of the old one. 4
= 42 ( 42 − 15) ( 42 − 28) ( 42 − 41 ) _ (c) Let the radius of circle =r 112. ABC is a triangle right angled at
What is k equal to? 3 A. AB = 6 cm and AC = 8 cm.
= 42 × 27 × 14 × 1 Then, area of a circle = πr 2 =3× × 4 = 3 3 cm 2 Perimeter of all triangles
(a) 3 (b) 2 4 Semi-circles drawn (outside the
= 126 m2 After increase, new radius 1 1 1
(c) 4 (d) 8
triangle) on AB, AC and BC as = 3 + 3 × + 3 × + 3 × +…
∴ Required area of parallelogram = r + 6% of r 110. The area of a sector of a circle of 2 4 8
= 2 × Area of ∆ABD 6 106 _ (c) Let the sides of an old triangle be a, radius 36 cm is 72π cm2 . The diameters which enclose areas x,  1 1 1 
=r+ r= r then area of an old equilateral triangle, y, z square units, respectively. = 3+ 3 + + ...
= 2 × 126 = 252 m2 100 100 3 2 length of the corresponding arc  2 4 8 
2 Aold = a
of the sector is What is x + y − z equal to? 1 1 1
103. What is the shorter height of ∴ New area = π   106 
r 4 Now, + + .... is a infinite series in GP
 100  (a) 48 cm 2 (b) 32 cm 2
the parallelogram? Again, let the sides of a new triangle be (a) π cm (b) 2 π cm 2 4 8
(c) 0 (d) None of these
11236 2 2 a, then area of a new equilateral (c) 3 π cm (d) 4 π cm 1
(a) 9.0 m (b) 7.5 m = π r Q S = a 
(c) 5.5 m (d) 4.5 m 10000 triangle, A new =
3
(2 a )2 _ (d) Area of sector = 72 π cm
2 _ (c) In ∆ABC, by Pythagoras theorem, 1 1 1
∴ + + + ..... = 2 ∞
2 4 8 1  1 − r 
Then, increament in area 4 C 1−
_ (a) From the above figure, shorter height of 11236 2 3 z
2
parallelogram = AM π r − πr 2 = × 4a 2 1
= 10000 2 × 100% 4
∴Area of parallelogram = Base × Height πr 8 10
= 2 =1
According to the given condition, y
= 252 [calculated in question 24] 11236 − 10000 θ 1
⇒ 28 × AM = 252 = × 100% A new = kA old 2
10000 B
252 3 3 2 A 6 ∴ Perimeter of all triangles
⇒ AM = =9m =
1236
× 100% ⇒ × 4a 2 = k × a x
28 10000 4 4 = 3 + 3[1] = 6 units
Hence, shorter height of the ∴ k=4
= 01236
. × 100 % = 12.36%
parallelogram is 9 m.
Area and Perimeter 133

114. What is the area of the major 25 π r 2 For maximum area of rectangle,we know
= −
segment of a circle formed by a 8 2 that, length = breadth = a
chord of length 5 cm subtending
an angle of 90° at the centre?
(a)

(b)
25
4
25
 π + 1 cm 2

2
π 



 − 1 cm
2
=
25 π 25  25 π − 50 
8
− =
4 
Area of major segment
= Area of circle
8



− Area of minor segment

Then, ( BC )2 + ( DC )2 = ( DB)2
⇒
⇒
∴
a 2 + a 2 = ( 5)2
2 a 2 = 25
a=
5
2
21
4 2   25 π − 50  Area of rectangle = Length × breadth
= πr 2 −  
 3 π + 1 cm 2  

VOLUME AND
25 8 5 5 25
(c)   = × = = 12.5 cm 2
4  2  2 2 2
25 π (25 π − 50)
(d) None of the above = −
2 8 116. If AB and CD are two diameters

SURFACE AREA
_ (c) In ∆AOB, 100 π − 25 π + 50
= of a circle of radius r and they
AO = OB = r [radius of circle] 8
75 π + 50 25
are mutually perpendicular, then
= = (3 π + 2 ) what is the ratio of the area of
8 8
25  3 π the circle to the area of the
=  + 1 cm2 ∆ACD ?
O 4  2 
Curved surface area = 1000 cm 2
90°
5 115. A rectangle of maximum area is
C
2019 (II) _ (b) Area of three faces of cuboid are x , y
and z. Let l, b and h be the length, 2 πrh = 1000 cm 2
A B drawn inside a circle of diameter r breadth and height of cuboid. (Q h = height of cylinder)
C Minor segment 5 cm. What is the maximum 1. A hollow right circular According to the question, ⇒ πrh = 500 cm 2
area of such a rectangle? cylindrical vessel of volume V Volume of cylinder = πr 2h
Using Pythagoras theorem, A r r B x =l×b
(a) 25 cm 2 O whose diameter is equal to its = πrh × r
AB2 = OA 2 + OB2 y=b×h
(b) 12.5 cm 2 r height, is completely filled with = 500 × 10 = 5000 cm 3
⇒ ( 5)2 = r 2 + r 2 z=h×l
(c) 12cm 2 water. A heavy sphere of
25 (d) None of the above xyz = l × b × b × h × h × l 5. A hollow sphere of external and
∴ r2 = cm D maximum possible volume is
2 then completely immersed in = l 2 b 2 h2 = ( lbh)2 internal diameters 6 cm and
_ (b) Let ABCD be the rectangle inscribed in π
(b) π
π
(d) 2 π
Now, area of sector AOB the circle of diameter DB = 5 cm (a) (c) the vessel. What volume of ∴ xyz = V 2 (Q V = l × b × h) 4 cm, respectively is melted into
2 4
θ 90° 25 water remains in the vessel? a cone of base diameter 8 cm.
= × π r2 = × π× Area of circle 3. Two cylinders of equal volume
360° 360° 2 _ (b) Required ratio = V V have their heights in the ratio What is the height of the cone?
A B Area of ∆ACD (a) (b)
25 π 2 3 2 : 3. What is the ratio of their (a) 4.75 cm (b) 5.50 cm
= cm 2 πr 2
8 = = π (c)
2V
(d)
V
radii? (c) 6.25 cm (d) 6.75 cm
1
Now, area of minor segment D C × 2r × r 3 4
2 (a) 3 : 1 (b) 3 : 2 _ (a) The external radius of hollow sphere
= Area of sector − Area of triangle _ (b) Let the radius of cylinder = r (c) 2 : 3 (d) 3 : 2 Diameter 6
( r1 ) = = = 3 cm
Height of cylinder ( h) = 2 r _ (b) Let radius of the cylinders be r1 and r2 2 2
Maximum possible sphere can be and their heights be 2 x and 3x, The internal radius of hollow sphere
immersed of radius r. respectively. 4
r2 = = 2 cm
Volume of cylinder ( V ) = πr 2h According to the question, 2
= πr 2(2 r ) = 2 πr 3 π r12 × 2 x = πr22 × 3x 4
Volume of hollow sphere = π( r13 − r23 )
4 [Q Volume = πr 2h] 3
Volume of sphere = πr 3
3 4 19
r12 3 = π (3 − 2 ) =
3 3
× 4π
After immersing sphere in the cylinder ⇒ = 3 3
r22 2
the remain water According to the question, volume of
4 ⇒
r1
=
3 hollow sphere = Volume of cone
= 2 πr 3 − πr 3
3 r2 2 19 1
× 4 π = π ( 4)2 × h
6 πr − 4 πr 3
3
2 πr 3 ∴ r1 : r2 = 3: 2 3 3
= = (h = height of cone, radius of cone = 4 cm)
3 3
4. A right circular cylinder has a ∴ h=
19
= 475
Volume of cylinder ( V ) = 2 πr 3 . cm
diameter of 20 cm and its 4
V
∴ Remaining volume = . curved surface area is 1000 cm2 .
3 6. A solid metallic cylinder of
What is the volume of the
2. The areas of three adjacent faces height 10 cm and radius 6 cm is
cylinder?
of a cuboid are x, y and z. If V is melted to make two cones in the
(a) 4000 cm 3 (b) 4500 cm 3
the volume of the cuboid, then ratio of volume 1 : 2 and of
(c) 5000 cm 3 (d) 5200 cm 3
which one of the following is same height as 10 cm. What is
Diameter
correct? _ (c) Radius of circle = the percentage increase in the
2
flat surface area?
(a) V = xyz (b) V 2 = xyz =
20
= 10cm
(c) V 3 = xyz (d) V = ( xyz)2 2 (a) 25% (b) 50%
(c) 75% (d) 100%
Volume and Surface Area 135 136 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

_ (b) Radius of cylinder ( r ) = 6 cm Edge of the largest cube that can be 11. A right circular cone has height According to question, Radius of cone = Radius of cylinder Surface area of sphere is not 5 times
Height of cylinder ( h) = 10 cm constructed of 24 feet rod is 2 feet. 8 cm. If the radius of its base is R of the curved surface area.
Volume of balloon is increased by 700% r=
Now, the area of one of the face 6 cm, then what is its total 4 800 3 (2) Surface area of the cube = 6 × a 2
Let volume of cone be v1 and v 2 . ∴ New Volume = πr 3 ×
= 2 × 2 = 4 sq feet. surface area? 3 100 Height of cone ( h) = Height of cylinder 2R 2R
Ratio of volume of two cones =6× × = 8R 2
4 2R 3 3
v1 : v 2 is 1 : 2 8. Three copper spheres of radii (a) 96 π cm 2 (b) 69 π cm 2 = π(2 r )3 h=
(c) 54 π cm 2 (d) 48 π cm 2 3 3 Curved surface area of the cylinder
If v1 is x , v 2 will be 2x. 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm are melted
Hence, volume of cylinder to form a large sphere. What is A ∴ New radius = 2 r Volume of sphere : Volume of cone = 2 πrh
_ (a) Given,
= v1 + v 2 = 3x its radius? ∴ New surface area = 4 π(2 r )2 4 1 R2 2R 22 R 2R
= πR 3 : π × =2 × × ×
Volume of cylinder = πr 2h (a) 12 cm (b) 10 cm (c) 8 cm (d) 6 cm = 4 π × 4r 2 = 16 πr 2 3 3 3 3 7 3 3
22 ∴Required percentage increases = 6 3 :1 44R 2
= × 6 × 6 × 10 _ (d) Sphere of radii 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm l =
16 πr 2 − 4 πr 2 4 3
7 are melted to form a large sphere of h
= × 100 Q Volume of sphere V = πr , 21
7920 3
= cm 3 radius r. 4 πr 2 1 2
The surface area of the cube is not equal
7 According to the question, 12 Volume of curve = πr h to curved surface area of the cylinder.
B C = × 100 3
Surface area of flat surface of cylinder 4 4 4 4 4 Then, option (d) is correct.
π 3 3 + π 4 3 + π 5 3 = πr 3 r Option (a) is correct.
= 2 πr 2 = 2 × 6 × 6 × π = 72 π 3 3 3 3 = 300%
Here, r = 6 cm, h = 8 cm 15. What is the ratio of the volume
Directions (Q. Nos. 17 and 18)
Now, this cylinder is recast into 2 cones ⇒ 3 + 4 + 5 =r
3 3 3 3
Read the given information
in the ratio 1 : 2. ∆ABC is right angled triangle, Directions (Q. Nos. 14-16) Read the of the cube to that of the
⇒ 27 + 64 + 125 = r 3
carefully and answer the given
So, volume of cone ( v1 ) = volume of Using Pythagoras theorem, given information carefully and cylinder?
⇒ r 3 = 216 question below.
cylinder ×
x
=
x
×
7920 r 2 + h2 = l 2 answer the given questions below. (a) 4 : 3 (b) 21 : 16
⇒ r = 6 cm The sum of length, breadth and
x + 2 x 3x 7 62 + 82 = l 2 A cube is inscribed in a sphere. A (c) 14 : 11 (d) 45 : 32
2640 9. The volume of a hemisphere is height of a cuboid is 22 cm and the
= cm 3 36 + 64 = l 2 right circular cylinder is with in the _ (c) Volume of cube : Volume of cylinder
7 155232 cm3 . What is the radius cube touching all the vertical faces.
length of its diagonal is 14 cm.
2 x 7920 l 2 = 100 = 10  2R 
3 2
 R  2R
Volume of cone (V2) = × of the hemisphere? A right circular cone is inside the =  :π  17. What is the surface area of the
3x 7 According to the question,  3  3 3
(a) 40 cm (b) 42 cm cylinder. Their heights are same cuboid?
5280 Total surface area = πr 2 + πrl
= cm 3 (c) 38 cm (d) 36 cm and the diameter of the cone is = a 3 : π r 2h
= πr( r + l ) (a) 288 cm2
7 8R 3 22 2 R 3
_ (b) Let the radius of hemisphere be equal to that of the cylinder. = × (b) 216 cm2
Let the radii of the 2 cones be R1 and = π × 6( 6 + 10) :
‘r’ cm. 3 3 7 3 3 (c) 144 cm2
R 2, respectively. = π × 6 × 16 14. What is the ratio of the volume (d) Cannot be determined due to
According to the question, = 14 : 11
The height of both cones is 10 cm. 2 3 = 96 π cm 2 of the sphere to that of the insufficient data
2640 5280 πr = 155232 cone? Option (c) is correct.
πR12h = and πR 22h = 3 12. Six cubes, each with 12 cm edge _ (a) Length of cuboid = l
7 7 2 22 are joined end to end. What is (a) 6 3 : 1 (b) 7 : 2 16. Consider the following
264 528 ⇒ × × r 3 = 155232 Breadth of cuboid = b
πR12 = and πR 22 = 3 7 the surface area of resulting
(c) 3 3 : 1 (d) 5 3 : 1 statements :
7 7 Height of cuboid = h
⇒ r 3 = 74088 ⇒ r = 42 cm cuboid? _ (a) 1. The surface area of the sphere
l + b + h = 22 cm …(i)
[Q h = 10] is 5 times the curved surface
84 168 10. A bucket is in the form of a (a) 3000 cm 2 (b) 3600 cm 2 Length of diagonal is = 14 cm
R12 = and R 22 = area of the cone.
truncated cone. The diameters (c) 3744 cm 2 (d) 3777 cm 2
7 7
a h 2. The surface area of the cube is l + b + h = 14
2 2 2

π R12 = 12 π and πR 22 = 24 π of the base and top of the _ (c) When six cubes are joined end to equal to the curved surface l 2 + b 2 + h2 = (14)2
Combined surface area of flat surface of bucket are 6 cm and 12 cm, end, then resulting solid is a cuboid.
area of the cylinder. = 196 cm ...(ii)
both cones respectively. If the height of the Length ( l ) = 6 × 12 = 72 cm Fig. (i) Fig. (ii)
= 12 π + 24 π = 36 π. Which of the above statements Surface area of cuboid
bucket is 7 cm, what is the Breadth ( b ) = 12 cm
is/are correct? = 2 ( lb + bh + hl )
Change in flat surface area capacity of the bucket? Height ( h) = 12 cm h (a) 1 only
72 π − 36 π (a) 535 cm 3 (b) 462 cm 3
Taking square of Eq. (i),
= × 100 Surface area of cuboid (b) 2 only
72 π (c) 234 cm 3 (d) 166 cm 3 ( l + b + h)2 = l 2 + b 2 + h2
= 2( lb + bh + lh) (c) Both 1 and 2
36 π Fig. (iii) + 2( lb + bh + hl )
= × 100 = 50% _ (b) Given, = 2(72 × 12 + 12 × 12 + 12 × 72 ) (d) Neither 1 nor 2
72 π (22 )2 = 196 + 2 ( lb + bh + hl )
r1 = 2 × 1872 cm 2 = 3744 cm 2 Radius of sphere = R _ (d) (1) Surface area of the sphere is 5 484 − 196 = 2 ( lb + bh + hl )
7. A thin rod of length 24 feet is Then, 2 × (Radius of sphere) times of the curved surface area of cone. 2( lb + bh + hl ) = 288 cm2
cut into rods of equal size and = Diagonal of cube Surface area of the sphere : Curved Option (a) is correct.
joined, so as to form a skeleton
cube. What is the area of one of
h
2019 (I) 2 × R = 3a [a = side of cube] surface area of cone
18. If S is the sum of the cubes of
2R = 4 πR 2 : πrl [Q l = r 2 + h2 ]
the faces of the largest cube thus a= the dimensions of the cuboid
r2 13. The volume of a spherical 3 2 2 and V is its volume, then what
constructed?  R   2R 
balloon is increased by 700%. Height of cylinder ( h) = Side of cube l=   +   is (S − 3V ) equal to?
(a) 25 sq feet (b) 24 sq feet Here, r1 = 3 cm, r2 = 6 cm, h = 7 cm  3  3
What is the percentage increase [fig. (ii)]
(c) 9 sq feet (d) 4 sq feet  (a) 572 cm3 (b) 728 cm3
1
Volume of bucket = πh( r12 + r22 + r1r2 ) in its surface area? 2R 5R 2 5 
h= l = = R (c) 1144 cm3 (d) None of these
_ (d) Length of rod = 24 feet 3
(a) 300% (b) 400% (c) 450% (d) 500% 3  3 3 
Let the side of cube = x feet 1 22
= × × 7 ( 3 2 + 6 2 + 3 × 6) 1 _ (c) S is the sum of the cube of the
Cube consist 12 edges, 3 7 _ (a) Let the radius of spherical balloon= r Radius of cylinder = × Side of cube = 4 πR : π
2 R
×
5
R dimensions of the cuboid.
4 3 2
so, 12 x = 24 feet
1 22
= × × 7 × 63 Volume of sphere = πr 3 3 S = l 3 + b 3 + h3
1 2R R
3 7 3 r= × = = 12 : 5 V = lbh
x = 2 feet 2 3 3
= 22 × 21 = 462 cm 3 Surface area of balloon = 4 πr 2
Volume and Surface Area 137 138 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

∴ (S − 3V ) = l 3 + b 3 + h3 − 3lbh ⇒ r=
462 24. If the diagonal of a cube is of Now, volume of cone =
1 2
πr h 29. The curved surface area of a _ (d) Let the radius of cone be ‘r’ and
[Q ( a 3 + b 3 + c 3 − 3abc π × 35 length l, then the total surface 3 right circular cone is 1.76 m2 height be ‘h’
= (a + b + c ) (a2 + b 2 + c 2 ) 462 × 7 area of the cube is 1
= × π × ( 5)2 × (12 ) and its base diameter is 140 cm. Circumference of base of cone = 2 π r
− ( ab + bc + ca )] ∴ r= = 4.2 cm
22 × 35 2 2 2 2 3 What is the height of the cone? According to the question,
(a) 3l (b) 3l (c) 2 l (d) 2 l
= ( l + b + h) [ l 2 + b 2 + h 2 = 100 π cm3 2πr 3
− ( lb + bh + hl )] 21. A semi-circular plate is rolled up _ (d) Diagonal of cube (a) 10 cm (b) 10 2 cm =
27. A right circular cone is sliced h 1
= 22 [196 − 144] = 22 × 52 to form a conical surface. The =
3 × side of cube (c) 20 2 cm (d) 10 15 cm
2πr
Q 2( lb + bh + hl ) = 288 ∴ l=
3 × side of cube into a smaller cone and a ⇒ h=
angle between the generator and
frustum of a cone by a plane _ (d) Diameter = 140 cm 3
 
 lb + bh + hl = 144  the axis of the cone is l
Side of cube = Now, slant height of cone ‘l’
3 perpendicular to its axis. The
= 1144 cm3 (a) 60º (b) 45º (c) 30º (d) 15º
volume of the smaller cone and = r 2 + h2
Surface area of cube = 6(side)2
Option (c) is correct. _ (c) Clearly, the radius of semi-circle 2 the frustum of the cone are in the 2
= slant height of cone = r  l  h l
= 2 π r
=6×  ratio 64 : 61. Then, their curved r 2+  
 3  3 
2018 (II) And the circumference of semi-circle
= Circumference of the base of cone 6l 2
surface areas are in the ratio
r
= = 2 l2 (a) 4 : 1 (b) 16 : 9 = 4π2 + 9
3 r 3
19. Walls (excluding roofs and (c) 64 : 61 (d) 81 : 64
O ∴Curved surface area of cone = π rl
floors) of 5 identical rooms 25. Two cones have their heights in _ (b) According to the question, 140
r r ∴ Radius = = 70 cm = r r 4π2 + 9
having length, breadth and the ratio 1 : 3. If the radii of 2 = πr ×
θ 3
height 6 m, 4 m and 2.5 m their bases are in the ratio 3 : 1, Let h be the height and be the slant
respectively are to be painted. r A r B l height of the cone π r2 4π2 + 9
then the ratio of their volumes h
=
Out of five rooms, two rooms ⇒ πr = 2 πR ⇒ R =
r will be L r ∴ π rl = 1.76 m 2
3
have one square window each 2 H
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 2 : 1 = 17600cm2
having a side of 2.5 m. Now, In ∆AOB, we have 22
32. The surface area of a closed
(c) 3 : 1 (d) 9 : 1 ⇒ × 70 × l = 17600
Paints are available only in cans r cylindrical box is 352 cm2 . If its
7
of 1 L; and 1 L of paint can be 1 _ (c) Let the height of cones be h and 3h R height is 10 cm, then what is its
∴ sinθ = 2 = and their radii of bases be 3r and r. ∴ l = 80 cm 22
used for painting 20 m2 . The r 2 diameter? (use π = )
1
∴Volumes of cones are π( 3r )2( h) Ratio of volume of smaller cone and Now, h= l2 − r2 7
number of cans required for ⇒ θ = 30º
3 frustum is 64 : 61. (a) 4 cm (b) 8 cm
painting is 1 = 80 2 − 70 2
22. A solid right cylinder is of and π( r 2 ) ( 3h) Volume of smaller cone 64 (c) 9.12 cm (d) 19.26 cm
(a) 10 (b) 12 ∴ =
height π cm. If its lateral surface 3
Volume of bigger cone 61 + 64 = 1500
(c) 13 (d) 14 ∴Ratio of volumes will be _ (b) Let ‘r’ be radius of base of cylindrical
area is half its total surface area, 1 2 Height of cone = 10 15 cm box.
_ (b) Length ( l ), breadth (b), and height ( h) 1 πr h
then the radius of its base is π 9 r 2h 3 64 r 2h 64 Height of cylindrical box = 10 cm
3 ⇒ = ⇒ = 30. A cube of maximum volume
of walls are 6m, 4m and 2.5 m (a) π / 2 cm (b) π cm = 3 = = 3:1 1 R 2H 125
respectively 1 / 3 πr 2 3h 1 π R 2H 125 (each corner touching the Surface area of cylinder = 2 π r ( h + r )
(c) 1 / π cm (d) 2 / π cm 3
∴ Area of 4 walls = 2 h ( l + b ) 3 3 surface from inside) is cut from = 352 cm2
_ (b) Height of cylinder = π cm ⇒  r  =  4 Q r = h = l  22
= 2 × 2.5( 6 + 4)     a sphere. What is the ratio of ∴ 2× × r(10 + r ) = 352
Lateral surface area  R  5  R H L  7
= 50 m 2
1
= total surface area
2018 (I) ∴
r
=
4
the volume of the cube to that
of the sphere?
⇒ (10 + r ) r = 56
Area of 4 walls of 5 rooms
2 R 5 ⇒ r 2 + 10r − 56 = 0
= 5 × 50 = 250 m 2
26. The radius and slant height of a (a) 3 : 4 π (b) 3 : 2 π
∴
1
2 πrh = (2 πr 2 + 2 πrh) Now,
Curved surface area of smaller cone
(c) 2 : 3 π (d) 4 : 3 π ⇒ r 2 + 14r − 4r − 56 = 0
Area of windows = (2.5)2 = 6.25 m 2 2 right circular cone are 5 cm and Curved surface area of bigger cone ⇒ r ( r + 14) − 4 ( r + 14) = 0
Area of two windows = 2 × 6.25 ⇒
1
2 πrh = 2 πr( r + h) 13 cm respectively. What is the π rl r 2 16 _ (c) Let the edge of the cube be a cm ⇒ ( r − 4)( r + 14) = 0
= = = 3a
= 12.50 m 2 2 volume of the cone? π RL R 2 25 Then, radius of sphere ( r ) = ∴ r = 4 cm
⇒ 2h = r + h ⇒ r = h 2 diameter = 2 r = 8 cm
Total area required for painting (a) 100 π cm3 (b) 50 π cm3 ∴ Ratio of curved surface area of Volume of cube a3
Hence,
∴ r = π cm (c) 65 π cm3 (d) 169 π cm3 =
= 250 − 12.50 m 2 smaller cone and frustum
Volume of sphere 3 33. If the ratio of the radius of the
4  3a 
= 237.50 23. A rectangular block of length _ (a) Radius of cone = 5 cm = r =
16
=
16
= 16 : 9 π   base of a right circular cone to
25 − 16 9 3  2 
Now, one cans paints = 20 m 2
20 cm, breadth 15 cm and its slant height is 1 : 3, what
height 10 cm is cut up into 8 × 3a 3
∴Number of cans required for painting 28. There are as many square = is the ratio of the total surface
237.50 exact number of equal cubes. 4 π × 3 3a 3 area to the curved surface
= = 11875
. centimetres in the surface area 2
20 The least possible number of h l of a sphere as there are cubic = = 2 : 3π area?
cubes will be 3π
= 12 cans centimetres in its volume. What (a) 5 : 3 (b) 3 :1
(a) 12 (b) 16 is the radius of the sphere? 31. If the ratio of the circumference (c) 4 : 1 (d) 4 : 3
20. The lateral surface area of a cone (c) 20 (d) 24 r
2 (a) 4 cm (b) 3 cm (c) 2 cm (d) 1 cm of the base of a right circular _ (d) Ratio of the radius of base and slant
is 462 cm . Its slant height is 35
_ (d) Volume of rectangular block cone of radius r to its height is height of cone = 1 : 3
cm. The radius of the base of Slant height of cone = 13 cm = l _ (b) Given, surface area of sphere Let radius be x cm.
= 20 × 15 × 10 = 3000 cm 3 3 : 1, then what is the area of
the cone is = Volume of sphere ∴Slant height = 3x cm
Let n is the number of cube formed Q Height of cone = h = l2 − r2 the curved surface of the cone?
(a) 8.4 cm (b) 6.5 cm Let r be the radius of sphere πr(1 + r )
H.C.F of 20, 10 and 15 = 5 2 πr 2 4 π 2 + 9 Now,
Total surface area
=
(c) 4.2 cm (d) 3.2 cm = 13 2 − 5 2 4 (a) 3 πr 2 (b) πrl
Side of cube is 5 cm possible ∴ 4π r2 = π r3 Curved surface area
3
_ (c) Lateral surface area of cone = πrl ∴ n=
20 × 15 × 10
= 24
= 144 3
=
l + r 3x + x
= = 4:3
∴ r = 3 cm πr 2
π +12
πr 2 4 π 2 + 9
∴ 462 = πr( 35) [Q l = 35] 5× 5× 5 = 12 cm (c) (d) l 3x
3 3
Volume and Surface Area 139 140 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

34. What is the volume of a cone of surface area of the cylinder to _ (c) We have, 40. From a solid cylinder whose Capacity of tent = Volume of cylinder _ (d) Let r and h be the original radius and
maximum volume cut out from the surface area of the sphere? π height is 8 cm and of base + Volume of cone height of the cone respectively.
vertical angle of cone = 1
a cube of edge 2a such that their (a) 3 : 4 (b) 3 : 3 2 radius 6 cm, a conical cavity of = π r 2h + π r 2h Again, let r ′ and b ′ be the new radius
3 and height of the cone respectively.
bases are on the same plane? (c) 3 :2 (d) 3 :1 A height 8 cm and of base radius 6 π
πa 3 cm is formed by hollowing out. = π( 50)2 × 10 + ( 50)2 × 5 Now, according to the question
(a) πa 3 (b) _ (a) We have, height of cylinder= 2 x 3 100 + P 
r = 
What is the inner surface area P
3 2  5 r ′ = r + p% of r = r + r

90°
45°
2 πa 3 3 πa 3 of the cavity? = π( 50)  10 +  100  100 
(c) (d)  3
r √2 r h′ = h
3 4 (a) 6 π cm 2 (b) 8 π cm 2 π 87500 π 3 and
(c) 10 π cm 2 (d) 60 π cm 2 = × 2500 × 35 = m 1 2
_ (c) x 3 3 Now, original volume = πr h
2x h 3
_ (d) We have, 42. Two rectangular sheets of sizes 1
O B and new volume = × π( r1 )2 h′
r Height of cylinder = Height of cone
x 2x of 2 π × 4 π and π × 5 π are 3
= 8 cm
Slant height = 2 r available. A hollow right circular ∴ Percentage increase in the volume
In ∆OAB cylinder can be formed by New volume − Original volume
= × 100
cos 45° =
OA 6 cm joining a pair of parallel sides of Original volume
Radius of sphere = 2 x AB 8 cm any sheet. What is the 1 1
2a Let radius of cylinder = r 1 h π r ′ 2h ′ − π r 2h
⇒ = maximum possible volume of
r 2 = (2 x )2 − x 2 = 3 3 × 100
2 2r that circular cylinder that can be 1 2
πr h
r 2 = 3x 2 ⇒ h=r formed this way? 3
⇒ r = 3x 1 2 (a) 4 π 2 (b) 8 π 2 (c) 125
. π 2 (d) 625
. π2 r ′ 2h ′ − r 2h
2a ∴Volume of cone = πr h = × 100
Curved surface area of cylinder 3 r 2h
Radius of cylinder = Radius of cone ( r ) _ (b) We have,
= 2 πrh = 2 ⋅ π ⋅ ( 3x ) (2 x ) 1
= πr 3
2
= 6 cm Rectangular sheet of size = 2 π × 4 π  100 + P  r 2h − r 2h
Surface area of sphere = 4 πr 2 = 4 π(2 x )2 3  
Slant height of cone = h2 + r 2 ∴ Area of rectangular sheet = 8 π 2  100 
2a ∴ Ratio of curved surface area of = × 100
Radius of cone = r = =a 39. The radii of the frustum of a Rectangular sheet of size = π × 5 π r 2h
2 cylinder to the surface area of sphere = 8 2 + 6 2 = 10
right circular cone are in the Area of rectangular sheet = 5 π 2 (100 + P )2 − 100 2 (200 + P )P
Height of cone = h = 2 a = 4 π 3x 2 : 16 πx 2 = 3 : 4 Inner surface area of cavity = Curved ∴ Maximum possible value of circular = =
ratio 2 : 1. What is the ratio of 100 100
∴Required volume of cone surface area of cone = πrl = π × 6 × 10 cylinder that can formed by 8 π 2.
37. A cylindrical vessels 60 cm in the volume of the frustum of
= P  2 +
P 
1 1 = 60 π cm 2 
= πr 2h = πa 2 × 2 a diameter is partially filled with the cone to that to the whole  100 
3 3
2 πa 3 water. A sphere 30 cm in cone? 41. A tent has been constructed
which is in the form of right
2017 (I) 45. If the surface area of a sphere is
= diameter is gently dropped into (a) 1 : 8 (b) 1 : 4
(c) 3 : 4 (d) 7 : 8
3
the vessel and is completely 1 2 circular cylinder surmounted by reduced to one ninth of the
_ (d) Volume of cone = πr h 43. A ball of radius 1 cm is put into area, its radius reduces to
immersed. To what further 3 a right circular cone whose axis a cylindrical pipe so that it fits
2017 (II) height will the water in the 1
= π(2 r )2 × (2 h)
coincides with the axis of the
cylinder.
inside the pipe. If the length of
(a) One-fourth
(c) One-fifth
(b) One-third
(d) One-ninth
cylinder rise? 3 the pipe is 14 m, what is the
8 _ (b) Let original and new radius of the
35. A hollow cube is formed by (a) 20 cm (b) 15 cm (c) 10 cm (d) 5 cm = πr 2h If the radius of the base of the surface area of the pipe?
3 sphere are r and r ′ respectively.
joining six identical squares. A cylinder is 50 m, the height of the
_ (d) Let h be the height of water in cylinder A (a) 2200 square cm
Now, according to the question
rectangular cello tape of length rise. cylinder is 10 m and the total (b) 4400 square cm
height of he tent is 15 m, then 1
4 cm and breadth 0.5 cm is used ∴Volume of water in cylinder (c) 8800 square cm 4 πr ′ 2 = 4 πr 2
h what is the capacity of the tent is (d) 17600 square cm 9
for joining each pair of edges. = Volume of sphere
cubic metres? 1 2 1
What is the total area of cello 4 _ (c) Diameter of the cylinder ∴ r′ = r ⇒ r′ = r
2
⇒ π r 2h = π R 3 r
87500 π 9 3
tape used? 3 (a) 37500 π (b) = Diameter of spherical ball = 2 cm
h 3
(a) 12 cm 2 (b) 24 cm 2 ⇒ ( 30) × h = (15)3
2 4
36500 π ∴ Radium of cylinder =
Diameter
= 1 cm 46. Ice-cream, completely filled in a
(c) 36 cm 2 (d) 48 cm 2 3 2r (c) (d) 25000 π 2 cylinder of diameter 35 cm and
B O C 3
[Q r = 30 cm, R = 15 cm] It is given that length of cylinder height 32 cm, is to be served by
_ (b) There are 12 edges in a cube _ (b) We have, height of cylinder = 10 m
4 × 15 × 15 × 15 Volume of frustrum = 14 m = 1400 cm completely filling identical
cello tape used for an edge is ⇒ h= Radius of cylinder = 50 m
= 4 × 0.5 = 2 cm2 3 × 30 × 30 1 ∴Surface area of pipe = 2 πrh disposable cones of diameter 4
= πh( r 2 + (2 r )2 + 2 r ⋅ r )
∴ h = 5 cm 3 22 cm and height 7 cm. The
∴ Total area of cello tape used =2× × 1 × 1400

50
= 12 × 2 = 24 cm2 38. The vertical angle of a right 1
= πh(7 r 2 ) 7 maximum number of persons

m
5m
π 3 = 8800 square cm. that can be served in this way is
36. The cylinder of height 2 x is the circular cone is and the slant 1
2 πh 7 r 2 (a) 950 (b) 1000 (c) 1050 (d) 1100
circumscribed by a sphere of Volume of frustum
44. If the radius of a right circular
height is 2 r cm. Where ‘r’ is = 3 cone is increased by p% without _ (c) Number of persons
radius 2 x such that the circular the radius of cone What is the Volume of whole cone 1
πh 8r 2 10 m
increasing its height, then what Volume of the cylinder πrcy2 hcy
ends of the cylinder are two volume of the cone in cubic cm?
3 = =
small circles on the sphere. 7 is the percentage increase in the Volume of each cone 1 2
πrco hco
πr 3 = =7:8 50 m volume of the cone? 3
What is the ratio of the curved (a) πr 3 (b) 9 πr 3 (c) (d) 3 πr 3 8
3 2
(a) p2 (b) 2 p2
π   ( 32 )
35
p2
(d) p 2 +
P   2  35 × 35 × 32 × 3
Height of cone = 5 m (c)  = = =1050
100  100  1 2 ×2 ×2 ×2 ×7
Radius of cone = 50 m π (2 )2(7 )
3
Volume and Surface Area 141 142 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

50. A building is in the form of a 7 54. Rain water from a roof of 56. The ratio of the curved surface 1 2
2016 (II) cylinder surmounted by a
∴ r=2 ×
2
= 7 cm
22 m × 20 m drains into a area to the total surface area of
_ (c) Volume of conical tent = πr h
3
7 21 1 22
hemispherical dome on the and h=3× = cylindrical vessel having a right circular cylinder is 1 : 2. = × × 8.4 × 8.4 × 3.5
Directions (Q. Nos. 47-49) A tent of 2 2 3 7
diameter of the cylinder. The diameter of base 2m and height If the total surface area is
a circus is made of canvas and is in Now, total surface area = 2 πrh + 2 πr 2 = 25872
. m3
height of the building is three 3.5 m. If the vessel is just full, 616 cm2 , what is the volume of
the form of right circular cylinder = 2 πr( h + r ) and volume of 1 wheat bag = 196
. m3
times the radius of the base of what is the rainfall? the cylinder?
× 7  + 7 
and right circular cone above it. The 22 21 ∴ Required number of bags
the cylinder. The building =2 × (a) 3.5 cm (b) 3 cm
height and diameter of the 1 3 7  2  (a) 539 cm3 (b) 616 cm3 Volume of tent
contains 67 m of air. What (c) 2.5 cm (d) 2 cm (c) 1078 cm3 (d) 1232 cm3 =
cylindrical part of the tent are 5m 21 35 Volume of wheat bag
= 2 × 22 × = 770 cm2 _ (c) Given, area of roof = length × breadth
and 126 m, respectively. The total is the height of the building? 2 _ (c) Let r and h be the radius and height of 258.72
= 22 m × 20 m cylinder. = = 132
height of the tent is 21 m. 1.96
(a) 6 m (b) 4 m 52. The cost of painting a spherical and radius of cylindrical vessel Curved surface area 1
Then, =
47. What is the slant height of the (c) 3 m (d) 2 m vessel of diameter 14 cm is 2
= = 1m Total surface area 2
cone? _ (a) Let r be the radius of the cylinder. ` 8008. What is the cost of 2
Height of cylindrical vessel = 3.5 m ⇒
2 πrh
=
1 2015 (II)
(a) 60 m (b) 65 m (c) 68 m (d) 70 m Given, air in building = 67
1 3
m painting per square centimetre? 2 πr( r + h) 2
Capacity of cylindrical vessel
21 ∴Rainfall =
_ (b) Given, height of tent = 21 m (a) ` 8 (b) ` 9
22 m × 20 m
⇒ 2h = r + h 59. A pipe with square cross-section
and height of cylindrical part ( h1 ) = 5 m and height of building ( h) = 3r. (c) ` 13 (d) ` 14
⇒ h=r is supplying water to a cistern
πr 2h
_ (c) Given, diameter of vessel is 14 cm = Now, total surface area = 616 cm2 which was initially empty. The
22 m × 20 m
and cost of painting is ` 8008. i.e. 2 πr( r + r ) = 616 [Q r = h] area of cross-section is 4 cm2
r 22 × 1 × 1 3.5 m3 and the nozzle velocity of water
∴Cost of painting per square centimetre = × ⇒ 2 ×
22
× 2 × r 2 = 616
7 22 × 20 m2 7 is 40m/s. The dimensions of the
Total cost 8008
3r = = = 2.5 cm ⇒ r 2 = 49 ⇒ r = 7 cm cistern 10 m × 8 m × 6 m. Then,
21 m Surface area of vessel 4 πr 2
∴Volume of cylinder = πr 2h the cistern will be full in
8008 × 7 55. The height of a cone is 60 cm. A
5m = = ` 13 =
22
× (7 )3 (a) 9.5 h
4 × 22 × 7 × 7 small cone is cut off at the top 7 (b) 9 h
r by a plane parallel to the base = 1078 cm3 (c) 8 h and 20 min
53. A drinking glass of height 24 cm 1
Now, height of cylindrical part is in the shape of frustum of a and its volume is the volume 57. A cubic metre of copper (d) 8 h
126 m 64
h1 = 3r − r = 2 r cone and diameters of its bottom of original cone. What is the weighing 9000 kg is rolled into _ (c) We have, area of cross-section of pipe
∴Height of cone ( h2 ) = (21 − 5) m = 16 m Then, air in building = capacity of and top circular ends are 4 cm a square bar 9 m long. An exact = 4 cm2 = 4 × 10 − 4 m2
height from the base at which
Diameter building and 18 cm respectively. If we take cube is cut off from the bar. Volume of water folows in 1 sec
and radius of cone ( r ) = the section is made?
2 i.e.
1
67 = πr 2h1 + πr 3
2 capacity of the glass as πx cm3 , How much does the cube weigh? = Area of cross-section of pipe
126 21 3 (a) 15 cm (b) 20 cm × velocity of water
= = 63 m then what is the value of x? (c) 30 cm (d) 45 cm (a) 1000 kg
1000
(b) kg
2 ⇒
1408
= πr  h1 + r 
2 2
(a) 824 (b) 1236 3 = 4 × 10 −4 × 40 m 3.
Now, slant height ( l ) = r 2 + h22 21  3  (c) 1628 (d) 2472 _ (d) In ∆AOE and ∆ADC 500 Let cistern fill in t s.
(c) 300 kg (d) kg
∆AOE ~ ∆ADC
= πr 2  2 r + r 
1408 2 Q 3 Volume of water follows in t sec
= ( 63)2 + (16)2
⇒

_ (a) Here, h = 24 cm,
21 3  A Mass = volume of cistern
4
r = cm = 2 cm _ (b) Density of copper =
= 3969 + 256 ⇒
1408 2  8r 
= πr   2 r1 h1 Volume ⇒ 4 × 10 −4 × 40 × t = 10 × 8 × 6
21  3 =
9000
kg/m3 = 9000 kg/m3 [Q Volume of cuboid = lbh]
= 4225 18 cm C
⇒ r3 = 8 ⇒ r = 2 1 ⇒ t = 30000 s
= 65 m r2 h2 Let x be the side of cross-section of
∴ Height of building = 3r = 3 × 2 = 6 m. 30000
square bar. = h
48. What is the curved surface area 60 × 60
24 cm

O E
of the cylinder? 51. The radius of the base and the ∴Volume of square bar = Volume of copper 50
height of a solid right circular h1 r ⇒ 9 × x 2 = 1 ⇒ x = 1/ 3 m = h
(a) 1980 m2 (b) 2010 m2 ∴ = 1 …(i) 6
(c) 2100 m2 (d) 2240 m2
cylinder are in the ratio 2 : 3 h1 + h2 r2 Volume of cube of side x = x 3 = 8 h and 20 min
and its volume is 1617 cm 3. 3
=   =
4 cm According to question, 1 1 3
_ (a) Curved surface area of the cylinder What is the total surface area of m 60. A hollow cylindrical drum has
= 2 πrh1 18
1 2
πr1 h1 =
1 1
× πr22( h1 + h2 )  3 27
the cylinder? and R = cm = 9 cm 3 64 3 internal diameter of 30 cm and
22 2 ∴ Mass of cube = Volume × density
=2 × × 63 × 5 = 1980 m2 (a) 462 cm2 (b) 616 cm2 1 a height of 1 m. What is the
7 Now, capacity of glass ⇒ r12h1 = r22( h1 + h2 ) =
1
× 9000 =
1000
(c) 770 cm2 (d) 786 cm2 64 kg maximum number of cylindrical
πh 2 27 3
49. How many square metres of = ( r + R 2 + rR )  h1  r22 boxes of diameter 10 cm and
_ (c) Let radius of the base be 2 x. 3 ⇒   = ×
1
canvas are used? Height of the cylinder be 3x  h1 + h2  r12 64
58. Into a conical tent of radius 8.4 height 10 cm each that can be

= π  (2 + 9 2 + 2 × 9)
24 2
(a) 14450 (b) 14480 m and vertical height 3.5 m, packed in the drum?
and volume = 1617 cm3. 3  h1 ( h1 + h2 )2 1
(c) 14580 (d) 14850 ⇒ = × how many full bags of wheat (a) 60 (b) 70
i.e. πr 2h = 1617 = π{ 8( 4 + 81 + 18)} 60 h12 64 can be emptied, if space (c) 80 (d) 90
_ (d) Total canvas used = Curved surface ⇒
22
(2 x )2( 3x ) = 1617
area of cylinder + Curved surface area of = 824 π cm3 ( 60)3 required for the wheat in each
7 ∴ = h13 ⇒ h1 = 15 _ (d) Let n cylindrical boxes be packed
cone 1617 × 7 According to question, 64 bag is 1.96 m3 ? ⇒ n ⋅ π 5 × 5 × 10 = π 15 × 15 × 100
= 2 πrh1 + πrl = πr(2 h1 + l ) ⇒ x3 =
22 × 12 capacity = πx cm3 Hence, required height, (a) 264 (b) 201 ∴ n = 90 boxes
22
= × 63(2 × 5 + 65) ⇒ x =
7 On comparing, we get h2 = 60 − h1 = 45 cm (c) 132 (d) 105
7 2 x = 824
= 14850 m2
Volume and Surface Area 143 144 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

2 2
61. Consider the following  1 − 1 π(12 )3 + π(12 )2 × h = 3312 π Hence, volume of water 70. How many spherical bullets 73. The radius of a sphere is equal
statements. ⇒ r2 =  π 3  3 1 h 1 r2 each of 4 cm in diameter can be to the radius of the base of a
2  = πr12 = πh
  (12 )2[8 + h] = 3312
1. If the height of a cylinder is 3 2 6 4 made out of a cube of lead right circular cone and the
1
doubled, the area of the curved 1 − =
1
πh
3V 3V
= =
V whose edge is 44 cm? volume of the sphere is double
⇒ r= π 3
surface is doubled. 2 24 πh 24 8 (a) 2541 (b) 2551 (c) 2561 (d) 2571 the volume of the cone. The
2. If the radius of a hemispherical According to the question,
68. Three rectangles R1, R2 and R3 ratio of the height of the cone to
3 h _ (a) Let n bullets be made.
solid is doubled, its total 4  1 − 
1
have the same area. Their Then, Volume of spherical bullet × h
the radius of its base is
⇒ n⋅ π π 3 = 1× 1× 1
surface area becomes fourfold. 3  2 
 lengths x1, x2 and x3 respectively = volume of cube of lead. (a) 2 : 1 (b) 1 : 2
Which of the above statement(s) r are such that x1 < x2 < x3 . If V1, 4 (c) 2 : 3 (d) 3 : 2
⇒
4
n⋅ π × ×
1 1
=1 π(2 )3 × n = 44 × 44 × 44
is/are correct? V2 and V3 are the volumes of the 3 _ (a) Let radius of sphere and cone be r.
3 8 π
(a) Only 1 cylinders formed from the ∴ n = 2541 bullets 4 3
⇒
n
=1 ∴ Volume of sphere V1 = πr cu units
(b) Only 2 rectangles R1, R2 and R3 3
(c) Both 1 and 2
6 ∴ h = 15 m 71. A river 2 . 5 m deep and 45m
∴ n=6 Surface area of spherical 2 πr 2
respectively by joining the 1 2
and volume of cone V2 = πr h cu units
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 = wide is flowing at the speed of
Q parallel sides along the breadth, 3
64. 30 metallic cylinders of same Surface area of cylindrical 2 πrh 3.6 km/h. The amount of water
_ (c) 1. Area of curved surface = 2 πrh then which one of the following Now, according to the question,
size are melted and cast in the = =
r 12 4
=
that runs into the sea per V1 = 2 V2
Q 2 πr (2 h) = 2 ⋅ 2 πrh is correct?
form of cones having the same h 15 5 minute, is
∴ Curved surface area is also (a) V3 < V2 < V1 (b) V1 < V3 < V2 ⇒
4 3 1
π r = 2 × π r 2h
radius and height as those of the ∴ r:h = 4:5 (a) 6650 m 3 (b) 6750 m 3
doubled. (c) V1 < V2 < V3 (d) V3 < V1 < V2 3 3
cylinders. (c) 6850 m 3 (d) 6950 m 3
It is correct. 66. The areas of three mutually _ (a) Let the area be A. ⇒ 2 r 3 = r 2h ⇒ 2 r = h
2. Total surface area of hemisphere Consider the following statements perpendicular faces of a cube are Then, breadth of R1, R 2 _ (b) We have, speed of water = 3.6 km / h
h 2
= 3 πr 2 Statement I A maximum of 90 x, y, z. If V is the volume, then A A A =
3600
m / min = 60 m / min ⇒ =
cones will be obtained. xyz is equal to and R3 = , , 60 r 1
Q 3 π (2 r )2 = 3 π 4 r 2 = 4 ⋅ 3 ⋅ π r 2 x1 x 2 x 3 ∴ h: r = 2 :1
= 4 times the area Statement II The curved surface (a) V (b) V 2 ∴ Amount of water runs into the sea in
Cylinder formed by joining parallel side
It is also correct. of the cylinder can be flattened in (c) 2 V (d) 2 V 2 1 min = 2.5 × 45 × 60 m3 = 6750 m3 74. Water flows through a cylindrical
of breadth.
the shape of a rectangle but the _ (b) Let the sides of cube be l. pipe of internal diameter 7 cm
62. A large water tank has the shape Here, length becomes height
at the rate of 5 m/s. The time,
curved surface of the cone when
of a cube. If 128 m of water is 3
flattened has the shape of triangle.
Then, x = l 2, y = l 2, z = l 2 and xyz = l 6 and 2 πr = breadth =
A
x
2015 (I) in minutes, the pipe would take
pumped out, the water level ⇒ xyz = ( l 3 )2
Which one of the following is A to fill an empty rectangular tank
goes down by 2m. Then, the ∴ xyz = v 2 [Q volume of cube = l 3] Q r= 72. A sphere and a cube have same
correct in respect of the above? 2 πx 4m × 3m × 2.31 m is
maximum capacity of the tank is surface area. The ratio of square
(a) Both Statements I and II are correct 67. Let V be the volume of an A2 A2 (a) 28 (b) 24 (c) 20 (d) 12
(a) 512 m 3
(b) 480 m 3
inverted cone with vertex at ∴ V = πr h = π
2
×x = of their volumes is
and Statement II is the correct 4 π 2x 2 4π x
(c) 324 m 3 (d) 256 m 3 explanation of Statement I origin and the axis of the cone (a) 6 : π (b) 5 : π (c) 3 : 5 (d) 1 : 1 _ (b) Given, diameter of cylindrical pipe
(b) Both Statements I and II are correct A2
A 2
A 2
= 7 cm
_ (a) Let the side of water tank be lm. is along positive Y-axis. The Now, V1, V2, V3 = , , _ (a) Let the radius of the sphere and side
and Statement II is not the correct
cone is filled with water up to 4 π x 1 4 πx 2 4 πx 3 of cube be r and a respectively. ∴ Radius of pipe, r =
7
cm
Then, l 3 − 128 = l 2 ( l − 2 ) explanation of Statement I
∴Total surface area of sphere 2
half of its height. The volume of Q x1 < x 2 < x 3
⇒ 2 l 2 = 128 ⇒ l 2 = 64 (c) Statement I is correct but Statement II
(S1 ) = 4 πr 2 sq units 7
is not correct water is 1 1 1 = m
∴ l = 8m ⇒ > > 2 × 100
(d) Statement I is not correct but V V x1 x 2 x 3 and total surface area of cube (S 2 ) = 6a 2
So, volume of cubical tank = (side )3 (a) (b) sq units 7
Statement II is correct 8 6 = m
= 8 3 = 512 m3. [Q Volume of cylinder inversly Now, according to the question,
V V 200
_ (b) Let radius be r and height be h of the (c) (d) proportional to the length of rectangle
S1 = S 2 ∴ Volume of water flows through a
V ∝ 
63. From the solid gold in the form cylinder. 3 2 1
of a cube of side length 1 cm, 1
Then, 30 ⋅ π r 2 h = π r 2 h × n r h 2 x  ⇒ 4 πr 2 = 6a 2 cylindrical pipe
3 _ (a) = = 2
spherical solid balls each having r1 h 1 V1 > V2 > V3 r2 6 22  7 
n = 30 × 3 = 90 cones
Then, ⇒ = …(i) = πr 2h = ×  × 5 × 60 m
3

the surface area π1 /3 cm2 are to Q 2 a2 4 π 7  200 

Statement I is true. Statement II is also ∴ V3 < V2 < V1
be made. Assuming that there is 1 4 3
correct. But II is not correct explanation We have, V = π r 2h ∴ Volume of sphere ( V1 ) = πr cu units Now, required time
no loss of the material in 3 69. If the surface area of a cube is 3 Volume of rectangular tank
of Statement of I. =
process of making the balls, 13254 cm2 , then the length of and volume of cube ( V2 ) = a 3 cu units Volume of pipe
r
the maximum number of balls 65. A water tank, open at the top, is its diagonal is 2 4 × 3 × 2 . 31 × 7 × 200 × 200
hemispherical at the bottom and 2  4 πr 3  3 =
made will be (a) 44 2 cm (b) 44 3 cm V    16 2  r 2  22 × 49 × 5 × 60
cylindrical above it. The radius (c) 47 2 cm (d) 47 3 cm Now,  1  =  3 3  = π  2
(a) 3 (b) 4 r1  2
V 9 a  = 24 min
is 12 m and the capacity is  a 
(c) 6 (d) 9 h _ (d) Let the sides of a cube be l cm.  
3312 π m3 . The ratio of the 16 2  6 
3 75. The total outer surface area of a
_ (c) Let n spherical balls be made and r h Then, surface area of a cube = π   [from Eq. (i)] right circular cone of height 24
be the radius of each sphere. surface areas of the spherical 2 9  4π 
= 6l 2 = 13254 cm with a hemisphere of radius
Then, Surface area of ball (sphere) and cylindrical portions, is 16 2 6× 6× 6
13254 = π ×
1
(a) 3 : 5 (b) 4 : 5 ⇒ l2 = = 2209 7 cm upon its base is
= 4 πr 2 = π3 O 6 9 4 × 4 × 4 × π3
(c) 1 : 1 (d) 6 : 5 6 (a) 327 π sq cm (b) 307 π sq cm
1
2 r2 =
3V ⇒ l = 47 = = 6: π (c) 293 π sq cm (d) 273 π sq cm
π3 1 − _ (b) Let the height of cylindrical part be h.
Q
πh π
⇒ r = 2
= π 3
∴ Length of diagonal = l 3
4π 4 2
Then, πr 3 + πr 2 h = 3312 π r r2 Hence, the ratio of square of their _ (d) Let the slant height of cone be l cm.
3 ∴ r1 = ⇒ r12 = = 47 3 cm volumes is 6 : π. Given, h = 24 cm and r = 7 cm
2 4
Volume and Surface Area 145 146 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

⇒ l 2 = h2 + r 2 ⇒ l 2 = 24 2 + 7 2 For first face, _ (b) Since, three metallic spheres are According to the question, If the height ∴ New volume of sphere =
4
πr ′ 3 Now, lb = x [Q area of rectangular
l 2 + b 2 = 13 2 [Q l 2 + b 2 = d 2] melted to form a single sphere. of a right circular cone is increased by 3 face = length × breadth]
= 576 + 49
⇒ l = 625 ⇒ l = 25 cm
2 ⇒ l 2 + b 2 = 169 …(i) So, the sum of volume of three metallic 200% and the radius of the base is 3
4 π  11r  4 1331 3 Similarly, bh = 4x
reduced by 50%. Then, new height, =   = π× r
spheres = Volume of new solid spheres 3  10  3 1000 and lh = 9x
∴ Total surface area = Curved surface For second face,
4 4 4 H = h + h × 200% Now, ( lb ) ⋅ ( bh) ⋅ ( lh) = ( x ) ⋅ ( 4x ) ⋅ ( 9x )
area of cone + Curved surface area of b 2 + h2 = ( 281)2 ⇒ π( 6)3 + π( 8)3 + π(10)3 Increased volume
200h ⇒ ( lbh)2 = 36x 3
hemisphere ⇒ b 2 + h2 = 281 …(ii)
3 3 3 = h+ = 3h 4
= π×
1331 3 4 3
r − πr
4 100 ⇒ lbh = 36x 3
= πrl + 2 πr 2 = πr( l + 2 r ) For third face, h2 + l 2 = 20 2 = π ( 6 + 8 + 10 3 )
3 3 3 1000 3
and new radius,
= πr 3 
= π × 7 (25 + 2 × 7 ) = 7 π [25 + 14] 3 4 1331  ∴ lbh = 6x 3/ 2
⇒ h2 + l 2 = 400 …(iii) QVolume of a sphere = 4 πr 3  R = r − r × 50% −1
3  1000 
= 7 π × 39 = 273 π sq cm On adding Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii), we get   50r r r Hence, volume of cuboidal box = lbh
3 = r− = r− ⇒ R = 4 331
2( l 2 + b 2 + h2 ) = 850 4 3 4 100 2 2 = πr 3 × = 6x 3/ 2 cu units
76. A rectangular block of wood ∴ πr = π( 6 3 + 8 3 + 10 3 ) 3 1000
⇒ l 2 + b 2 + h2 = 425 1
having dimensions …(iv) 3 3 ∴ New volume of cone ( V2 ) = πR H
2
Increased percentage 85. A cylinder circumscribes a
3
3m × 2 m × 1.75 m has to be On putting l 2 + b 2 = 169, in above ⇒ r 3 = 6 3 + 8 3 + 10 3 4 3 331 sphere. What is the ratio of
2
πr ×
= π   × 3h
equation, we get 1 r
painted on all its faces. The ⇒ r 3 = 216 + 512 + 1000 = 3 1000 × 100% volume of the sphere to that of
169 + h2 = 425 3 2 4 3
layer of paint must be 0.1 mm ⇒ r 3 = 1728 πr the cylinder?
thick. Paint comes in cubical ⇒ h2 = 425 − 169 1 r2 3
⇒ r 3 = 12 × 12 × 12 = π × × 3h (a) 2 : 3 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 3 : 4 (d) 3 : 2
boxes having their edges equal ⇒ h2 = 256 ⇒ r = 12 cm
3 4
=
331
× 100% = 331. %
to 10 cm. The minimum ⇒ h = 16 units 1 2
= πr h × =
3 3V
[from Eq. (i)] 1000 _ (a) Let radius of the sphere be r.
∴ Diameter of the new sphere Since, cylinder circumscribes a sphere.
From Eq. (ii), b + h2 = 281
2 3 4 4 Alternate Method
number of boxes of paint to be = 2 r = 2 × 12 = 24 cm Decrease in volume = V − V2 Here, a = 10%
purchased is ⇒ b 2 + 16 2 = 281 [Q h = 16] 3V V
(a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2 ⇒ b 2 + 256 = 281 80. A cylindrical vessel of radius 4 =V− = Required percentage increase in volume
cm contains water. A solid 4 4
⇒ b 2 = 25  3a 2 a3 
_ (c) Given, dimensions of a rectangular ∴Decrease percentage in volume =  3a + + % h
⇒ b = 5 units
sphere of radius 3 cm is lowered  100 (100)2 
block of wood is 3m, 2m and 1.75 m. Decrease in volume
From Eq. (iii), h2 + l 2 = 400
into the water until it is = × 100%
i.e. 300 cm, 200 cm and 175 cm. 3 × (10) 2
(10) 3
completely immersed. The water Initial volume 3 × 10 + +
and thickness of layer of paint = 01
. mm ⇒ 16 2 + l 2 = 400 V/4 100 (100)2
level in the vessel will rise by = × 100%
1 Q 1 mm = 1 cm ⇒ l 2 = 400 − 256 300 1000 ∴Radius of the base of cylinder = r
= cm (a) 1.5 cm (b) 2 cm V = 30 + +
100  10  ⇒ l = 12 units V 100 10000 and height of cylinder = 2 r = Diameter of
(c) 2.25 cm (d) 4.5 cm = × 100% = 25%
∴ Volume of rectangular block of wood ∴ Total surface area of cuboid 4V = 30 + 3 + 01
. = 331
. % sphere
with paint = 2( lb + bh + hl ) _ (c) Let the radius of cylindrical vessel and Alternate Method Now, volume of sphere = πr 3
4
solid sphere be R cm and r cm, 3
= 2 200 × 300 × = 2(12 × 5 + 5 × 16 + 16 × 12 )
1
 100
+ 200
= 2( 60 + 80 + 192 )
respectively. Here, a = − 50%, b = − 50%, c = 200%
2014 (II) and volume of cylinder
Given, R = 4 cm and r = 3 cm Required percentage change in volume
×175 ×
1
+ 175 × 300 ×
1 
= 2 × 332 = 664 sq units = πr 2h = πr 2(2 r ) = 2 πr 3
∴ Volume of cylindrical vessel = π R 2h  ab + bc + ca abc 
100 100  = a + b + c + + % 83. What is the maximum distance 4 3
Hence, the total surface area of the = π × 42 × h  100 (100)2  πr
= 2 [600 + 350 + 525]
between two points of a cube of 4
cuboid is 664 sq units. ∴ Required ratio = 3 3 =
= 16 πh cm3 = −50 − 50 + 200 + side 2 cm? 2 πr 3× 2
= 2 × 1475 = 2950 cm3
78. A rectangular paper of 44 cm and volume of solid sphere ( − 50) × ( − 50) + ( − 50) × 200 + 200 × ( − 50) (a) 3 cm (b) 2 3 cm 2
Given, edge of a cubical box = 10 cm = =2:3
long and 6 cm wide is rolled to 4 4
= πr 3 = π × 3 3 100 (c) 4 3 cm (d) 2 2 cm 3
∴ Volume of cubical box ( −50) × ( −50) × 200
form a cylinder of height equal 3 3
= (Edge )3 = 10 3 = 1000 cm3 + _ (b) Given, side of a cube = 2 cm Directions (Q. Nos. 86-87) Read the
to width of the paper. The = 36 π cm3 10000
∴ Maximum distance between two following information carefully and
Now, Minimum number of boxes radius of the base of the Now, according to the question, 2500 − 10000 − 10000 2500 × 2
= 100 + + points of a cube = Length of diagonal answer the given questions that follow.
=
2950
= 2.95 = 3 (approx.)
cylinder so rolled is 16 πh = 36 π 100 100
= 3 × Side = 2 3 cm
( −17500) A toy is in the form of a cone
1000 (a) 3.5 cm (b) 5 cm ⇒ h=
36
= 2.25 cm = 100 + + 50
100 84. The areas of the three adjacent mounted on the hemisphere with
Hence, the minimum number of boxes (c) 7 cm (d) 14 cm 16
= 150 − 175 = −25% faces of a cuboidal box are x, 4 x the same radius. The diameter of
is 3. Hence, the water level in the vessel will
_ (c) Given, a rectangular paper of 44 cm long = 25% decreases and 9 x sq unit. What is the the base of the conical portion is 12
and 6 cm wide is rolled to form a cylinder rise 2.25 cm.
77. The diagonals of three faces of a [here ‘−’ shows decrement] volume of the box?
cm and its height is 8 cm.
of height equal to width of the paper.
cuboid are 13, 281 and 20 81. If the height of a right circular
∴ Circumference of the base of cylinder 82. If the radius of a sphere is (a) 6x 2 cu units (b) 6x 3/ 2 cu units 86. What is the total surface area of
linear units. Then, the total cone is increased by 200% and (c) 3x 3/ 2 cu units (d) 2 x 3/ 2 cu units
surface area of the cuboid is = 44 cm the radius of the base is reduced increased by 10%, then the the toy?
i.e. 2 π r = 44 by 50%, then the volume of the volume will be increased by _ (b) Let length, breadth and height of a (a) 132 π cm2 (b) 112 π cm2
(a) 650 sq units (b) 658 sq units
44 44 × 7 cuboidal box be l, b and h, respectively.
(c) 96 π cm2 (d) 66 π cm2
(c) 664 sq units (d) 672 sq units ⇒ r= = ⇒ r = 7 cm cone (a) 33.1%(b) 30% (c) 50% (d) 10%
2 π 2 × 22
_ (c) Let the dimensional of cuboid be l, b (a) remains unaltered _ (a) Let the radius of sphere be r. _ (a) Given, diameter of the base of the
and h, respectively. Hence, the radius of the base of the (b) decreases by 25% 4 3 conical portion = 12 cm
cylinder is 7 cm. (c) increases by 25% ∴ Volume of sphere = πr , h
3
(d) increases by 50% According to the question, 12 cm
79. If three metallic spheres of radii
h 6 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm are melted _ (b) Let the radius and height of the cone If the radius of a sphere is increased
be r and h, respectively. by 10%. b
to form a single sphere, then the

8 cm
diameter of the new sphere will be ∴ Initial volume of cone Then, new radius r ′ = r + r × 10% l
1 r 11r
b (a) 12 cm (b) 24 cm ( V ) = π r 2h …(i) = r+ = Given, areas of the three adjacent faces
3 10 10
l (c) 30 cm (d) 36 cm are x, 4x and 9x sq unit.
Volume and Surface Area 147 148 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

∴ Radius of conical portion = 6 cm ⇒ 25 = x 2 ⇒ x = 5 2. The sum of the volume of the In right angled ∆BEA, 92. Consider the following 93. What is the number of pairs of
Radius of hemisphere = 6 cm ∴ AB = 15 cm cone generated when the AE = ( AB )2 − ( BE )2 statements in respect of four perpendicular planes in a
and height of conical portion = 8 cm and BC = 20 cm triangle is made to revolve spheres A, B, C and D having cuboid?
about its longer leg and the = 9 − (2.4)2 = 1.8 cm
∴Slant height of conical portion Now, ∆ABC revolves about AC, so it respective radii 6, 8, 10 and (a) 4
= 62 + 82 = 36 + 64 forms two cones ABD and BCD. volume of the cone generated So, height of cone 12 cm. (b) 8
Since, ∆AEB and ∆ABC are similar. when the triangle is made to ABD = AE = 1.8 cm (c) 12
1. The surface area of sphere C is
[Q l = r + h ] 2 2
BE AB revolve about its shorter leg is ∴ Height of cone BCD = AC − AE (d) None of the above
∴ = equal to the sum of surface
= 100 = 10 cm equal to the volume of the = 5 − 1. 8 = 3.2 cm
BC AC areas of spheres A and B. _ (c) In a cuboid, 4 perpendicular face
Now, total surface area of the toy = BE 15 double cone generated when
Now, volume of cone, pairs in bottom surface, 4 perpendicular
Surface area of conical portion ⇒ = the triangle is made to revolve 2. The volume of sphere D is
20 25 1 face pairs in top surface and 4
about its hypotenuse. ABD = πr 2h equal to the sum of volumes of
+ Surface area of hemisphere 15 × 20 3 perpendicular face pairs in vertical
⇒ BE = = 12 cm spheres A, B and C.
= πrl + 2 πr 2 = π( rl + 2 r 2 ) 25 Which of the above statement(s) 1 surface.
= π (2.4)2 × 1. 8 Which of the above statement(s)
= π [6 × 10 + 2 × 6 × 6] So, radius of the base of cone is/are correct? 3 Hence, total perpendicular pairs are 12.
= π [60 + 72 ] = 132 π cm2 (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 is/are correct?
= BE = 12cm = 3.456 π cm3 (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 94. How many equilateral triangles
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
87. What is the volume of the toy? In right angled ∆AEB, Volume of cone (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 can be formed by joining any
_ (d) Suppose we have a right angled 1 three vertices of a cube?
(a) 180 π cm3 (b) 240 π cm3 AE = ( AB ) − ( BE )
2 2
∆ABC, in which BCD = π ( 2 .4 )2 × 3 .2 _ (c) 1. Given, radius of sphere A = 6 cm
(c) 300 π cm3 (d) 320 π cm3 3
AB = 3 cm, BC = 4 cm Radius of sphere B = 8 cm
(a) 0
= (15)2 − (12 )2 = 6144
. π cm3
and AC = 5 cm (b) 4
_ (b) Volume of the toy = 225 − 144 = 81 = 9 cm ∴Volume of double cone
Radius of sphere C = 10 cm (c) 8
= Volume of conical portion and Radius of sphere D = 12 cm (d) None of the above
+ Volume of hemisphere So, height of cone ABD = AE = 9 cm A = 3.456 π + 6144
. π
∴ Height of cone BCD = AC − AE ∴ Surface area of sphere
1 2 = 9.6 π cm3 …(iii) _ (c) We know that, there are six faces in a
= π r 2h + πr 3 A = 4 πr 2 cube.
3 3 = 25 − 9 = 16 cm 3 5 From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
1 = 4 π ( 6)2 = 144 π cm2 Let the sides of a cube be a.
= π  r 2h + r 3 
1 2 Now, volume of cone ABD = πr 2h Volume of both cones
= 12 π + 16 π Surface area of sphere
 3 3  1
3 ∴ Diagonal of a face = a 2 + a 2
 = π (12 ) × 9
2
= 28 π cm3 …(iv) B = 4 π ( 8)2 = 256 π cm2
× ( 6) × 8 + × ( 6)3 
1 2 B C =a 2
= π 2
3 4
 3 3  From Eqs. (iii) and (iv), we get Surface area of sphere
= 432 π cm3 So, there is no equilateral triangle will be
1. When the triangle revolve about its Volume of double cone ≠ Volume C = 4 π (10)2 = 400 π cm2
= π [96 + 144] = 240 π cm 3
and volume of cone
formed in faces.
longer leg, BC = 4 cm. of both cones Now, sum of surface area of spheres
1 Then, volume of cone A and B = 144 π + 256 π Z
Directions (Q. Nos. 88-89) Read the BCD = π (12 )2 × 16 = 768 π cm3 So, Statement 2 is also not correct.
3 1 1 = 400 π cm2
following information carefully and = πr 2h = π ( 3)2 × 4
∴Required volume of double cone 3 3 91. If the side of a cube is increased = Surface area of sphere C C(0,0,a)
answer the given questions that by 100%, then by what E(a,0,a)
= 432 π + 768 π = 12 π cm 3
...(i) Hence, Statement 1 is correct. (a,a,a)G
follow. percentage is the surface area of
= 1200 × 3.14 [Q π = 314
. ] When the triangle revolve about its 2.Q Volume of sphere
(0,a,a) F A(a,0,0)
A right triangle having hypotenuse = 3768 cm3 shorter leg, AB = 3 cm. the cube increased? X
4 4 O(0,0,0)
25 cm and legs in the ratio 3 : 4 is Then, volume of cone (a) 150% (b) 200% D = πr 3 = π(12 )3
89. What is the surface area of the 3 3 B(0,a,0) D(a,a,0)
made to revolve about its 1 1 (c) 300% (d) 400%
double cone so formed? = πr 2h = π( 4)2 × 3 = 2304 π cm3 Y
hypotenuse. (π = 3.14) 3 3
(a) 1101.2 cm2
_ (c) Let side of a cube be x . Volume of sphere
= 16 π cm 3
...(ii) Then, surface area of cube = 6x 2 In ∆ABC,
. cm2 4
88. What is the volume of the (b) 11114 A = π ( 6)3 = 288 π cm3
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), it is clear that If the side of cube is increased by 100%. 3 AB = a2 + a2 = a 2
double cone so formed? (c) 1310.4 cm2
volume of both cones are not Then, new side of cube
3 3 (d) 1318.8 cm2 same. So, Statement 1 is incorrect.
Volume of sphere BC = a2 + a2 = a 2
(a) 3124 cm (b) 3424 cm = x + 100% of 4 2048
(c) 3768 cm3 (d) 3924 cm3 _ (d)Q Surface area of cone ABD = πrl 2. When the triangle revolve about B = π ( 8)3 = π cm3 and AC = a 2 + a 2 = a 2
x = x + x = 2x 3 3
= π × 12 × 15 = 180 π cm 2 hypotenuse, then we get double
_ (c) Let ABC be a right angled triangle. cones ABD and BCD. ∴ New surface area of cube = 6 (2 x )2 Hence, ∆ABC is an equilateral triangle.
Then, hypotenuse, AC = 25 cm and surface area of cone
= 6 × 4x 2 = 24x 2 and volume of sphere
BCD = π × 12 × 20 = 240 π cm2 B
4
A
∴Required surface area of double cone
Now, percent increases in surface area C = π (10)3 Similarly,
3 4 24x 2 − 6x 2 3 ∆ABE, ∆ODG, ∆ ODF, ∆CEB, ∆CEA, ∆ FGO
15 cm = 180 π + 240 π = 420 π = × 100 4000
6x 2 = π cm3 and ∆ FGD are possible equilateral
= 420 × 314
. A C 18 3
B D E = × 100 = 300% triangles.
E = 1318.8 cm2 6 Now, sum of volumes of spheres A, B
Hence, eight equilateral triangles are
90. Consider the following Alternate Method and C
20 cm possible.
2048 π
=  288 π +
D Here, a = 100% 4000 
statements + π  cm3
∆BEA ~ ∆BAC  3 3  95. The diameter of a metallic
1. The volume of the cone Q Required percent increased in surface
864 + 2048 + 4000  sphere is 6 cm. The sphere is
= 
C BE AB area
∴ =  π cm
3
generated when the triangle is
Let AB = 3x and BC = 4x BC AC  a2   3  melted and drawn into a wire of
made to revolve about its = 2 a + %
BE 3 6912 uniform circular cross-section. If
Thus, AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 longer leg is same as the ⇒ =  100  = π cm3
4 5 the length of the wire is 36 m,
[by Pythagoras theorem] volume of the cone generated 100 × 100 3
⇒ BE = 2 .4 cm = 2 × 100 + then what is its radius equal to?
when the triangle is made to 100 = 2304 π cm3
⇒ (25)2 = ( 3x )2 + ( 4x )2
revolve about its shorter leg. So, radius of the base of cone, = 200 + 100 = Volume of sphere D (a) 0.1 cm (b) 0.01 cm
⇒ (25) = 9x 2 + 16x 2
2
(c) 0.001 cm (d) 1.0 cm
BE = 2.4 cm = 300% Hence, Statement 2 is also correct.
Volume and Surface Area 149 150 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

_ (a) Given, diameter of a sphere, d = 6 cm 98. The dimensions of a field are 15 100. A cone of radius r cm and Now, surface area of cuboid which can _ (d) Volume of clay required _ (a) Let common radius be r cm.
m by 12 m. A pit 8 m long, 2.5 height h cm is divided into two be painted = π[r12 − r22 ] × h Then, height of cylinder = h
∴ Radius of a sphere,
= 2 ( lb + bh + lh)  51
m wide and 2 m deep is dug in 4.5   height of cone = h′
2 2
d parts by drawing a plane and
= π    − 
6 .
r = = = 3 cm = 2 (2 + 6 + 3) = 22 cm2  × 21
2 2 one corner of the field and the through the middle point of its    2  
Total surface area of both cube and  2 
Let the radius of wire be R cm. earth removed is evenly spread height and parallel to the base.
cuboid = π [(2.55)2 − (2.25)2 ] × 21 3.5 cm
Also, given the length of wire, over the remaining area of the What is the ratio of the volume
field. The level of the field is = 22 + 24 = 46 cm2 < 54 cm2 = π ( 0.3 × 4.8 × 21
H = 36 m = 3600 cm

12.8 cm
of the original cone to the
raised by Hence, both cube and cuboid can be = 30.24 π cu cm

6.5 cm
According to the given condition, volume of the smaller cone? painted.
Volume of sphere = Volume of wire (a) 15 cm (b) 20 cm (a) 4 : 1 (b) 8 : 1 104. The diameter of the base of a
4 3 (c) 25 cm (d)
200
cm (c) 2 : 1 (d) 6 : 1 102. For a plot of land of 100 m × 80 cone is 6 cm and its altitude is 4
⇒ π r = π R 2H 9
3 m, the length to be raised by cm. What is the approximate
_ (c) Volume of earth dug out _ (b) Let the cone is divided into two parts spreading the earth from stack
⇒
4
× ( 3)3 = R 2 × 3600 by a line l. curved surface area of the cone?
= 8 × 2 . 5 × 2 = 40 m 3 of a rectangular base 10 m × 8 ∴ Volume of the complete structure
3 A (a) 45 cm 2 (b) 47 cm 2
4 × 32 ( 6)2 m and vertical section being a (c) 49 cm 2 (d) 51 cm 2 1 2
⇒ R2 = = = π r 2h′ + π r 2h + πr 3
3600 ( 60)2 h/2 trapezium of height 2 m. The 6 3 3
top of the stack is 8 m × 5 m. _ (b) Radius of cone = = 3 cm
6 1 2 2  h′ 2 
∴ R = = = 01. cm = πr  + h + r 
60 10 2.5 m 12 m l How many centimetres can the 3 3 
C D h
level raised?
= π ( 3.5)2  × 3.5
r/2 2 .8 2
+ 6.5 +
8m (a) 3 cm (b) 2.5 m (c) 2 cm (d) 1.5 cm  3 
2014 (I) 4 cm = π × 3.5 × 3.5 × 976
3
15 m O r B
_ (d) Since, the stack is in the form having .
vertical cross section of trapezium.
96. The volume of a hollow cube is Area where earth is spread × Field level = 375.86 cm3
In ∆AOB and ∆ACD, ∴ Volume of Earth in the stack = Area
216 x 3 . What surface area of the raised = Volume of earth dug out of cross section of trapezium × Height Hence, volume (V) of the structure lies
∆AOB ~ ∆ACD 3 cm
largest sphere which can be ⇒ [(12 × 15) − ( 8 × 2 . 5)] × h = 40 1 between 370 cm3 and 380 cm3.
By basic proportionality theorem, ∴ Volume = × (10 + 5) × 2 × 8
enclosed in it? 40 2 and height of cone = 4 cm
∴ h= r h 106. A swimming pool 70 m long,
(a) 18 π x2 (b) 27 π x2 180 − 20 CD = , since AC = = 15 × 8 m2 Now, curved surface area = πrl
2 2 44 m wide and 3 m deep is
(c) 36 π x2 (d) 72 π x2 40 1 Now, according to the question, where, l = r 2 + h2 = 3 2 + 4 2 = 5 cm
= = m filled by water flowing from a
Volume of original cone Volume of Earth to be spread = Area of
_ (c)Q Volume of cube = 216x Now, Ratio =
3
160 4
field × Level raised
∴ Curved surface area = π × 3 × 5 pipe at the rate of 30800 cm3 /s.
Volume of smaller cone
(Side)3 = 216x 3 = 25 cm = 15 π ≈ 47 sq cm The time taken to fill the
1 2 15 × 8
πr h ∴ Level raised = swimming pool is
⇒ Side = 6x 99. If 64 identical small spheres are 100 × 80
= 3 =
8 105. A cylinder is surmounted by a
Since, sphere is enclosed in hollow made out of big sphere of 2
1 15 cone at one end, a hemisphere (a) 71/2 h
1  r   h = = 1.5 cm
cube. diameter 8 cm, then what is π    (b) 80 h
3 2 2 1000 at the other end. The common
∴ Diameter of sphere = 6x surface area of each small
(c) 250/3 h
∴ Required ratio = 8 : 1
radius is 3.5 cm, the height of (d) None of the above
Now, surface area of sphere = 4 πr 2 sphere? 103. A drainage tile is a cylindrical
the cylinder is 6.5 cm and the
2 shell 21 cm long. The inside and _ (c) Required time taken to fill the pool
= 4 π 
6x  (a) π cm 2 (b) 2 π cm 2 101. A cube has each edge 2 cm and total height of the structure is
 = 36 πx
2
 2  (c) 4 π cm 2 (d) 8 π cm 2 a cuboid is 1 cm long, 2 cm outside diameters are 4.5 cm =
Volume of the pool
12.8 cm. The volume V of the
wide and 3 cm high. The paint and 5.1 cm, respectively. What Part of pool filled in 1s
_ (c) Volume of each small sphere structure lies between
97. What is the diameter of the is the volume of the clay 70 × 44 × 3 × 100 × 100 × 100
Volume of bigger sphere in a certain container is (a) 370 cm 3 and 380 cm 3 = s
largest circle lying on the surface = sufficient to paint an area equal required for the tile? 30800
of a sphere of surface area 616 Number of small spheres (b) 380 cm 3 and 390 cm 3
to 54 cm2 . (a) 6.96 π cm 3 (b) 6.76 π cm 3 = 900000 s =
250
4 (c) 390 cm 3 and 400 cm 3 h
sq cm? π( 4) 3 (c) 5.76 π cm 3 (d) None of these 3
Which one of the following is (d) None of these
(a) 14 cm (b) 10.5 cm =3
(c) 7 cm (d) 3.5 cm 64 correct?
4 π × 4× 4× 4 4 (a) Both cube and cuboid can be
= × = π cm3
_ (a)Q Surface area of sphere = 616 cm
2
3 64 3 painted
4 πr 2 = 616 Let radius of small sphere be r ′.
(b) Only cube can be painted
616 × 7 (c) Only cuboid can be painted
⇒ r2 = ∴
4 4
πr ′ 3 = π (d) Neither cube nor cuboid can be
4 × 22 3 3 painted
⇒ r2 = 7 × 7 ⇒ r ′ = 1 cm
∴ r = 7 cm Now, surface area of small sphere _ (a) Surface area of cube which can be
painted = 6 (Side)2
∴ Diameter of largest circle lying on = 4 πr ′ 2
sphere = 2 × r = 14 cm = 4 π cm2 = 6 (2 )2 = 24 cm2
 152 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

5. The locus of a point equidistant

from two intersecting lines is 2017 (II) 2017 (I)
(a) A straight line
(b) A circle 7. Consider the following statements 9. In the figure given below, PQ

22 (c) A pair of straight lines

(d) None of the above

_ (a) The locus of point equidistant

locus
in respect of three straight lines
A, B and C on a plane
1. If A and C are parallel and B and
C are parallel; then A and B are
parallel.
2. If A is perpendicular to C and B
is parallel to RS and PR is
parallel to QS. If ∠LPR = 35º
and ∠UST = 70 º, then what is
∠MPQ equal to?

M
is perpendicular to C; then A

LINES AND ANGLES

and B are parallel. L P

°
35
3. If the acute angle between A and
(Locus of a point equidistant) C is equal to the acute angle Q
R
From two intersecting lines is a straight between B and C; then A and B
line. are parallel. S U
70°
2. Let the bisector of the angle ∠AOC = 5∠AOD 6. In the figure given below, p, q, r Which of the above statements T
BAC of a triangle ABC meet BC ∴ ∠AOD + ∠AOC = 180° are parallel lines; l and m are two are correct?
2019 (II) in X. Which one of the ⇒ 5∠AOD + ∠AOD = 180° transversals (a) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(b) 1 and 2
(d) 2 and 3
(a) 55°
(c) 75°
(b) 70°
(d) 80°
following is correct? ⇒ 6∠AOD = 180° l m
1. Three parallel lines x, y and z (a) AB < BX (b) AB > BX ⇒ ∠AOD = 30° A D _ (a) 1. If A and C parallel and B and C are _ (c) We have,
(c) AX = CX (d) None of these p parallel ∠UST = 70°
are cut by two transversals m ∠AOC = 5∠AOD = 5 × 30° = 150°
and n. Transversal m cuts the A ∴ A|| C , B|| C ∴ ∠QSR = ∠UST = 70°
_ (b) ∠DOB = 150° ∴ A || B [vertically opposite angles]
lines x, y, z at P, Q , R, B E
∠COB = 30° [vertical opposite angle] q
respectively and transversal n A Again, ∠SRP + ∠QSR = 180°
∴Other four angles are [co-interior angles]
cuts the lines x, y, z at L, M , N , B
30°, 30°, 150°, 150° C F ⇒ ∠SRP = 180°−70°
respectively. If PQ = 3 cm, r
C = 110°
QR = 9 cm and MN = 10.5 cm,
Again, ∠RPQ = 180°−∠SRP
then what is the length of LM ? 2018 (I) Consider the following
True
2. A is perpendicular to C = 180°−110° = 70°
(a) 3 cm (b) 3.5 cm
B C 1. AB : AC = DE : DF B is perpendicular to C Now, ∠LPR + ∠RPQ + ∠MPQ = 180°
(c) 4 cm (d) 4.5 cm X 4. The length of a line segment AB ∴ A and B are parallel [sum of all angles on a line is 180°]
∠BXA is exterior angle of ∆AXC 2. AB × EF = BC × DE
_ (b) m n is 2 cm. It is divided into two ∴ 35°+70°+∠MPQ = 180°
∠BXA = ∠XAC + ∠ACX parts at a point C such that Which of the above is/are correct? A B
⇒ ∠MPQ = 75°
∴ ∠BXA > ∠XAC ( ∠XAC = ∠BAX ) AC2 = AB × CB. What is the
x (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
a P L c ∠BXA > ∠BAC (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
length of CB?
y
∴ AB > BX (side opposite to greater
angle is greater)
(a) 3 5 cm (b)3 − 5 cm _ (c)
AB DE
= True
C
2016 (I)
b Q M d BC EF 3. Acute angle between A and C equal
(c) 5 3 cm (d) 5 − 1 cm
Because p ||q|| r and l and m are to acute angle between B and C 10. If a transversal intersects four
_ (b)
R N
z
2018 (II) A
2– x x
B
transversal.
AB DE
(By BPT Theorem) A B parallel straight lines, then the
C (1) = number of distinct values of
BC EF θ θ the angles formed will be
3. If two lines AB and CD intersect Let BC = x cm BC EF
x || y || z ⇒ = C
at O such that ∠AOC = 5 ∠AOD, Then, AC = (2 − x ) cm AB DE
(a) 2 (b) 4
Then, by Basic proportionality theorem, ∴ A and B are parallel (c) 8 (d) 16
a c then the four angles at O are Now, AC 2 = AB × CB Adding 1 both sides
= True _ (a) If line P intersects four parallel
b d (a) 40° , 40° , 140° , 140° (2 − x )2 = 2 × x BC EF
+ 1= +1 lines l, m, n and o, then 16 angles
a b (b) 30° , 30° , 150° , 150° 4 + x 2 − 4x = 2 x AB DE 8. There are 8 lines in a plane, no
or = will be formed.
c d (c) 30° , 45° , 75° , 210° [( a − b )2 = a 2 + b 2 − 2 ab] BC + AB EF + DE two of which are parallel. What is
= P
Here, a = PQ = 3 cm (d) 60° , 60° , 120° , 120° x 2 − 6x + 4 = 0 AB DE the maximum number of points
b = QR = 9 cm 6± 36 − 4( 4) AC DF at which they can intersects? 1 2
c = LM = ?
_ (b) We have, x = = l
A C 2 AB DE (a) 15 (b) 21 m
d = MN = 10.5 AB DE (c) 28 (d) None of these
6 ± 20 ⇒ = n
a c x =
⇒ = 2
AC DF
_ (c) We know that, two non-parallel, lines o
b d AB DE always intersect at a point.
3 c x =3± 5 cm (2) =
⇒ = O BC EF ∴Required number of points is given by As these lines are parallel.
9 10.5 x =3+ 5, [not possible]
∴ AB × EF = BC × DE 8×7 Hence, distinct angles will be
c = 3.5 = LM D B ∴ x = 3 − 5 cm
8
C2 = = 28 ∠1 and ∠2.
Both 1 and 2 are correct. 2 ×1
LM = 3.5 cm
Lines and Angles 153

11. If BOD is a straight line.

80° z 40 x 3
p
2015 (II) ∴ ∠BOA + ∠AOD = 180°
°
⇒ 100° + 78° = 180°
13. A clock is started at noon. By
⇒ 178° ≠ 180°
10 min past 5, through what
100° x

In the given figure above, p and

q are parallel lines. What are the
values of the angles x, y and z?
(a) x = 80°, y = 40°, z = 100°
y
q angle, the hour hand moves?
(a) 160°
(c) 150°

1
2
(b) 145°
(d) 155°

_ (d) Since, hour hand moves 30° in hour and

in 1 min and time given is noon to 5:10.
∴
⇒
⇒
[∴ BOD is not a straight line]
If ∠BOC and ∠AOD are supplementary
angles.
∠BOC + ∠AOD = 180°
82 ° + 78° = 180°
160° ≠ 180°
23
(b) x = 80° , y = 50°, z = 105° [∴ ∠BOC and ∠AOD are not

TRIANGLES
Total time is 5 h and 10 min.
(c) x = 70°, y = 40° , z = 110° supplementary]
∴ Total angle moved by minute hand.
(d) x = 60°, y = 20°, z = 120°
1 Hence, Statements I and II are incorrect.
= 5 × 30° + × 10
_ (d) In the given figure, lines p and q are 2
15. The complement angle of 80° is
parallel. = 150° + 5° = 155°
18 5π
(a) radian (b) radian PQR, then what is the area of In ∆ABC and ∆ADE,
A
p π 9 2019 (II) ∠BAC = ∠DAE [opposite angle]
80° z x/3 2015 (I) (c)
π
radian (d)
9
radian
triangle ABC?
(a) 4 cm 2 (b) 8 cm 2 ∠ACB = ∠ADE
18 5π
40

1. Which one of the following is [alternate interior angle]

(c) 16 cm 2 (d) 32 cm 2
°

14. Let OA, OB, OC and OD be rays _ (c) Let the angle be θ. correct in respect of a right ∠ABC = ∠AED
in the anti-clockwise direction. Then, θ = 80° angled triangle? _ (b) X [alternate interior angle]
100° x y q Such that ∴Complement angle Q ∆ABC ≈ ∆AED
(a) Its orthocentre lies inside the triangle
C B ∠AOB = ∠COD = 100 °, = 90° – θ = 90° – 80° = 10° (b) Its orthocentre lies outside the triangle Ar( ∆ABC ) AC 2 4 2
C = = 2
x
∠BOC = 82 ° and ∠AOD = 78 °. [Q sum of two complementary (c) Its orthocentre lies on the triangle P Q Ar( ∆AED ) AD 2 9
∴ x = 40° + angles is 90°] (d) It has no orthocentre Ar( ∆ABC ) 16
3 Consider the following π π A B ∴ =
[alternate angles] = 10° × = radian Ar( ∆AED ) 81
statements 180° 18 _ (c) Orthocentre of a right angle triangle
2x lies on the triangle. Y Z
⇒ = 40° I. AOC and BOD are lines. R 5. ABC is a triangle right angled
3 It is a property of a right angle triangle.
II. ∠BOC and ∠AOD are at B. If AB = 5 cm and
⇒ x = 60°
supplementary. 2014 (I) 2. The perimeters of two similar
We know, by mid-point theorem, in ∆XYZ
and ∆PQR BC = 10 cm, then what is the
and y + 40° = x 1
Which of the statement(s) given triangles ABC and PQR are ar( ∆XYZ ) = ar ( ∆PQR ) length of the perpendicular
[Q x is exterior angle of ∆ABC] 16. At what point of time after 3 4
above is/are correct? 75 cm and 50 cm, respectively. drawn from the vertex B to the
⇒ y = x − 40° O'clock, hour hand and the 1
(a) Only I (b) Only II If the length of one side of the Similarly, ar ( ∆PQR ) = ar ( ∆ABC ) hypotenuse?
= 60° − 40° = 20° minute hand of a clock occur at 4
x (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II triangle PQR is 20 cm, then 1 (a) 4 cm (b) 2 5 cm
Now, z + 40° + = 180° right anles for the first time? ar ( ∆XYZ ) = ar( ∆ABC ) 4
3 _ (d) Given, ∠AOB = ∠COD = 100° what is the length of 16 (c) cm (d) 8 cm
1 5
⇒ z + 20° = 180° − 40° and ∠BOC = 82 °, ∠AOD = 78° (a) 9 O'clock (b) 4 h 37 min corresponding side of the 128
6 ar( ∆ABC ) = cm 2
∴ z = 120° B 8 8 triangle ABC? 16 _ (b) A
(c) 3 h 30 min (d) 3 h 32 min
12. There are five lines in a plane, 11 11 (a) 25 cm (b) 30 cm (c) 40 cm (d) 45 cm ∴ ar( ∆ABC ) = 8 cm 2
no two of which are parallel. _ (d) Clock will make right angle at _ (b) ∆ABC and ∆PQR are two similar 4. let two lines p and a be parallel.
The maximum number of points 82° 100° 12 triangles.
A ( 5n + 15) × min past n. Consider two points B and C on 5 cm D
in which they can intersect is O 78° 11 Then,
AB BC
= =
AC
=k the line p and two points D and
(a) 4 (b) 6 C Here, n = 3 PQ QR PR
E on the line q. The line through
(c) 10 (d) None of these
∴ ( 5 × 3 + 15) ×
12
min past 3 ∴ AB = kPQ, BC = kQR, AC = kPR B and E intersects the line
D
_ (c) We know that, intersection point is 11 AB + BC + AC = K ( PQ + QR + PR ) through C and D at A in between B C
formed by the intersection of two lines. If AOC is a straight line. 12 10 cm
= 30 × min past 3 75 = 50 × k the two lines p and q. If
∴ Number of intersection points ∴ ∠AOB + ∠BOC = 180° 11 In ∆ABC, AB = 5 cm
k=
75
⇒ k=
3 AC : AD = 4 : 9, then what is the BC = 10 cm
= Number of ways of selecting 2 lines ⇒ 100° + 82 ° = 180° 8 8
= 32 min past 3 i.e 3 h 32 min 50 2 ratio of area of triangle ABC to Using Pythagoras theorem, we get
out of the given 5 non-parallel lines. ⇒ 182 ° ≠ 180° 11 11 AB 3
= that of traingle ADE? AB2 + BC 2 = AC 2
Required number of points = 5C 2 = 10 [AOC is not a straight line] PQ 2 (a) 2 :.3 (b) 4 : 9 5 2 + 10 2 = AC 2
3 3 (c) 16 : 81 (d) 1: 2
AB = × PQ = × 20 AC = 5 5
2 2 AB × BC 5 × 10
_ (c) BD = =
∴ AB = 30 cm
B C AC 5 5
p
3. Suppose P, Q and R are the BD =
10
mid-points of sides of a triangle 5
A 10 5
of area 128 cm2 . If a triangle = ×
ABC is drawn by joining the 5 5
q BD = 2 5 cm
mid-points of sides of triangle D E
Triangles 155 156 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

_ (d) Let length of the side of the triangle x = 52

. m …(iv)  50 + y 50 + x 
∴
AB
=
AR
=
BR
Area of ∆ABC =
1
2019 (I) =a On putting x = 5.2 in Eq. (iii), we get
= 180° − 
 2
+
2 

PQ PR QR 2
ab

a 6 AR 8.2 1
Circumradius of triangle = . ) + 1521
( 52 2
. = ( DE ) 2 {Q exterior angle is equal to the sum of = = = × p × AB
6. Three consecutive integers form 3 interior opposite angles} 3 5.2 QR 2
DE = 27.04 + 1521
. ab
the lengths of a right angled a  x + y Solving and, we get ⇒ AB =
20 3 = = 180° −  50 + 
triangle. How many sets of such 3 DE = 42.5  2  QR = 4.1 cm and AR = 10.4 cm p
three consecutive integers is/are a = 60 cm = 6.5 m  180° − 50°  Using pythagoras theorem in ∆ABC, we
= 180° −  50° +  15. In the figure given below ABC is get
possible? Option (d) is correct. Option (b) is correct.  2 
a triangle with AB AB2 = AC 2 + BC 2
(a) Only one = 180° − ( 50° + 65° )
9. The centroid of the triangle ABC perpendicular to BC. Further a 2b 2
(b) Only two = 180° − (25 + 90) = 180° − 115° = 65° = b 2 + a2
(c) Only three
is at a distance d from the vertex
A. What is d equal to?
2018 (II) 13. If ABC is a right-angled triangle
BD is perpendicular to AC. If
AD = 9 cm and DC = 4 cm, then
p2
(d) Infinitely many ⇒ a 2b 2 = p2( a 2 + b 2 )
(a) 15 cm 11. In the figure given below, ABC with AC as its hypotenuse, then what is the length of BD?
_ (a) Three consecutive integers form the (b) 20 cm which one of the following is 17. Consider the following
lengths of a right-angled triangle. is an equilateral triangle with B
A (c) 20 3 cm each side of length 30 cm. XY is correct? statements
(d) 30 3 cm parallel to BC. XP is parallel to (a) AC 3 < AB3 + BC 3 1. The orthocentre of a triangle
_ (c) Centroid of the triangle ABC is at a AC and YQ is parallel to AC (b) AC 3 > AB3 + BC 3 always lies inside the triangle.
distance “d ” from the vertex A. (c) AC 3 ≤ AB3 + BC 3 2. The centroid of a triangle
and YQ is parallel to AB. If
x+2 All the centres of triangle at one point in (d) AC 3 ≥ AB3 + BC 3
x XY + XP + YQ is 40 cm, then C 4 D 9 A always lies inside the triangle.
equilateral triangle.
the value of PQ is _ (b) Here, ABC is a right angle triangle (a) 13/36 cm (b) 36/13 cm
3. The orthocentre of a right angled
Then, circumradius of circumcircle is with AC as its hypotenuse triangle lies on the triangle.
equal to “d ” distance = 20 3 cm A (c) 13/2 cm (d) 6 cm
B C C 4. The centroid of a right angled
x+1 Option (c) is correct. _ (d) In ∆ABD, triangle lies on the triangle.
( x ) + ( x + 1) = ( x + 2 )
2 2 2 BD 2 = AB2 − AD 2 …(i)
10. A ladder is resting against a Which of the above statements are
x 2 + x 2 + 2 x + 1 = x 2 + 4x + 4 In ∆BCD, correct?
vertical wall and its bottom is X Y BD = BC − CD
2 2 2
…(ii)
x 2 − 2x − 3 = 0 (a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 4
 x = 3 2.5 m away from the wall. If it Adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get (c) 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 4
( x − 3) ( x + 1) = 0  x + 1 = 4 slips 0.8 m down the wall, then 2 BD 2 = ( AB2 + BC 2 ) − ( AD 2 + CD 2 )
  its bottom will move away from B P Q C _ c) 2 and 3
(
 x + 2 = 5 A B = ( AC 2 ) − ( AD 2 + CD 2 )
the wall by 1.4 m. (a) 5 cm (b) 12 cm (c) 15 cm (d) 10 cm Let AC = 5, AB = 3, BC = 4 18. Consider the following statements
x = 3 or x = − 1 = (13)2 − ( 4 2 + 9 2 ) Two triangles are said to be
What is the length of the _ (d) Given, AB = BC = AC = 30 ∴ AC 3 = ( 5)3 = 125
Only one set have consecutive integers. 2 BD 2 = 169 − 97 = 72 congruent, if
[not possible length never be negative]
ladder? XY is parallel to BC AB3 = ( 3)3 = 27
Option (a) is correct.
(a) 6.2 m (b) 6.5 m ∴ AXY is also equilateral triangle BC 3 = ( 4)3 = 64 BD =
72
=6
1. Three angles of one triangle are
(c) 6.8 m (d) 7.5 m similarly, XBP and CYQ is an equilateral 2 equal to the corresponding three
AB3 + BC 3 = 27 + 64 = 91
7. Consider the following (b) A ladder is resting against a vertical triangle
Alternate Method
angles of the other triangle.
∴ XY = AX , XP = BX ⇒ QY = CY = CQ ∴ AC > AB + BC
3 3 3
inequalities in respect of any wall.
We know that, 2. Three sides of one triangle are
triangle ABC: XY + XP + QY = 40 14. In the figure given below, equal to the corresponding
A BD 2 = CD × AD
AX + BX + CY = 40 ∆ABR ~ ∆PQR. If PQ = 3 cm, three sides of the other triangle.
1. AC − AB < BC BD 2 = 4 × 9 = 36
0.8 AB + CQ = 40 ⇒ AB = 6 cm, BR = 8.2 cm and 3. Two sides and the included
2. BC − AC < AB CQ = 40 − 30 = 10 = BP
BD = 6 cm
angle of one triangle are equal
3. AB − BC < AC
E PR = 5.2 cm, then QR and AR
PQ = BC − ( BP + CQ ) to the corresponding two sides
x = 30 − 20 = 10 cm
are respectively and the included angle of the
Which of the above are correct?
P
2018 (I) other triangle.
(a) 1 and 2 only D 12. In a triangle ABC, the sides AB,
(b) 2 and 3 only B C 4. Two angles and the included
2.5 1.4 AC are produced and the 16. ABC is a triangle right angled at side of one triangle are equal to
(c) 1 and 3 only B Q
bisectors of exterior angles of R C with BC = a and AC = b. If p is the corresponding two angles
(d) 1, 2 and 3 AC is length of ladder.
∠ABC and ∠ACB intersect at the length of the perpendicular and the included side of the
_ (d) Property of triangle After slip,
D. If ∠BAC = 50 º, then ∠BDC from C on AB, then which one of other triangle.
Difference of two side of triangle is less DE is length of ladder the following is correct?
than third side of the triangle. AC = DE …(i) is equal to A Which of the above statements
(a) a 2b 2 = p2( a 2 + b 2 ) are correct?
Then, all the statement is correct. ∆ABC using pythogoras theorem (a) 115º (b) 65 (c) 55º (d) 40º (a) 8.2 cm, 10.4 cm (b) 4.1 cm, 6 cm
Option (d) is correct. ( 0.8 + x )2 + (2.5)2 = ( AC )2 (b) a 2b 2 = p2( b 2 − a 2 ) (a) 1, 2 and 3
_ (b) ∠BDC = 180° − (u + v ) (c) 2.6 cm, 5.2 cm (d) 4.1 cm, 10.4 cm
(c) 2 a 2b 2 = p2( a 2 + b 2 ) (b) 1, 3 and 4
x 2 + 0.64 + 16. x + 625
. = AC 2 …(ii) A _ (d) Given, PQ = 3 cm, AB = 6 cm, (c) 1, 2 and 4
Directions (Q. Nos. 8 and 9) Read In ∆BDE using pythogoras theorem (d) a 2b 2 = 2 p2( a 2 + b 2 )
BR = 82
. cm, PR = 5 .2 cm (d) 2, 3 and 4
the given information carefully and
x + (2.5 + 14
2
. ) = ( DE )2
2 50º and ∆ABR ~ ∆PQR _ (a) According to the question, (d) 2, 3 and 4 are correct.
answer the given question below. x 2 + 1521. = DE 2 …(iii) P A
An equilateral triangle ABC is inscribed From Eqs. (ii) and (iii) equal x y Directions (Q. No. 19 and 20)
in a circle of radius 20 3 cm. B C
by ( AC = DE ) Eq. (i) u v B Q Consider the following for the next two
u R b
8. What is the length of the side of Then, v (02) questions
P
the triangle? x 2 + 1521
. = x 2 + 0.64 + 16
. x + 625
. In a triangle ABC, a, b and c are the
. − 6.89
1521 lengths of the sides and p, q and r are
(a) 30 cm (b) 40 cm x = D
B C
16
. A
(c) 50 cm (d) 60 cm a the lengths of its medians.
Triangles 157 158 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

19. Which one of the following is _ (c) We have, ABC is an equilateral triangle 1 AC 2 + BC 2 28. Consider the following statements ∠APB = ∠DPC [opposite angle]
correct? 2017 (II) ∴ AB = BC = AC CD 2
=
AC 2BC 2 1. The point of intersection of the
∠PAB = ∠PCD [alternate interior
angle]
(a) 2 ( p + q + r ) = ( a + b + c ) A 1 AB2 perpendicular bisectors of the
21. If angle A of triangle ABC is 30° = [by Eq. (i)] ∠ABP = ∠PDC [alternate interior
(b) 2 ( p + q + r ) > 3 ( a + b + c ) CD 2 AC 2 BC 2 sides of a triangle may lie
(c) 2 ( p + q + r ) < 3 ( a + b + c )
and the circum-radius of the angle]
AB ⋅ CD 2 = AC 2 ⋅ BC 2
2 outside the triangle. ∴ ∆PDC ~ ∆PAB
(d) 11 ( p + q + r ) > 10 ( a + b + c ) triangle is 10 cm, then what is D 2. The point of intersection of the area of ∆PDC CD 2
the length of side BC? AB ⋅ CD = AC ⋅ BC ∴ =
_ (c) Let AB = c, BC = a, (a) 5 cm (b) 10 cm
perpendicular drawn from the area of ∆PAB AB2
CA = b, AD = p, 26. In a triangle ABC, the medians vertices to the opposite side of area of ∆PDC ( 5)2
(c) 5 3 cm (d) 10 3 cm B C ⇒ =
BE = q , CF = r AD and BE intersect at G. A line a triangle may lie on two sides.
24 ( 8)2
_ (b) We have, in ∆ABC, BD, is perpendicular on AC DF is drawn parallel to BE such Which of the above statements
A
∠A = 30° 25 × 24
that F is on AC. If AC = 9 cm, is/are correct? ⇒ area of ∆PDC =
∠BOC = 2 ∠A In ∆ABD, 64
AB = AD + BD
2 2 2 then what is CF equal to? (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 = 9.375 cm2
{Q angle at the center is double the
F E (a) 2.25 cm (b) 3 cm (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
angle at the circumference} ⇒ BD 2 = AB2 − AD 2
(c) 4.5 cm (d) 6 cm 30. One-fifth of the area of a
O ∠BOC = 2 × 30° = 60° ⇒ BD 2 = AC 2 − AD 2 [Q AB = AC ] _ (c) triangle ABC is cut off by a
In ∆BOC, _ (a) In ∆BEC, 1. The point of intersection of the
⇒ BD = (2 AD ) − AD QAD = AC 
2 12 2 line DE drawn parallel to BC
B D C BO = OC = radius of circle GE is parallel to DF perpendicular bisectors of the sides
 2 
such that D is on AB and E is
∴ BE is parallel to DF of a triangle is the circumcentre of
In ∆ ABD, A ⇒ BD = 3 AD
2 2
triangle, on AC. If BC =10 cm, then
AB + BD > AD D is mid point of BC
∴ F is also mid point of EC Therefore, the circumcentre of what is DE equal to?
24. If PL, QM and RN are the
30º

a
⇒ c+ > p …(i) obtuse-angle triangle lies outside the (a) 5 cm (b) 2 5 cm
2 [Q by mid-point theorem]
O altitudes of triangle PQR whose 1 circle.
(c) 3 5 cm (d) 4 5 cm
In ∆ BCE, orthocentre is O, then Q is the ∴ FC = EC ∴Statement 1 is correct.
BC + CE > BE 2
B
60º 60º
C orthocentre of the triangle. 2. Yes, In case of right angled triangle, _ (b) Since, DE || BC , therefore
b A
⇒ a+ >q …(ii) (a) OPQ (b) OQR (c) PLR (d) OPR the point of intersection of the ∠ADE = ∠ABC
2 perpendiculars drawn from the and ∠AED = ∠ACB
In ∆ AFC, ∴∆BOC is an equilateral triangle _ (d) We know that, orthocentre is vertices to the opposites sides i.e on [corresponding angles]
AC + AF > CF Hence, BO = OC = BC = 10 cm intersection point of altitude of triangle. E
the right angle vertex, which lies on
c A
⇒ b+ > r …(iii) P G F two sides.
2 22. If a triangle ABC, AD is
perpendicular on BC. If P
Add Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii) Eqs. we get B D C D E
(a + b + c ) ∠BAC = 90 °, AB = c , BC = a, N M
3 > p+ q + r 1  AC  AC
2 CA = b and AD = p, then which ⇒ FC =   =
O 2 2  4
3( a + b + c ) > 2( p + q + r ) one of the following correct?
9 B C
(a) p = abc (b) p2 = bc Q R ⇒ FC = = 2.25 cm [ AC = 9 cm] 10 cm
20. Which one of the following is L 4 R
bc ab Q Thus, ∆ADE ~ ∆ABC
correct (c) p = (d) p = We can see that, Q is outside the ∆ΟPR
a c 27. In a trianlge PQR, X is a point on [By AA − similarity criterion]
(a) ( a + b + c ) < ( p + q + r ) and ∆OPR is obtuse-angled triangle. ∴Statement 2 is correct.
PR and Y is a point on QR such 2
(b) 3 ( a + b + c ) < 4 ( p + q + r ) _ (c) In ∆ABC, AD is perpendicular on BC Since, on the centre of an obtuse-angled ⇒
ar( ∆ADE )  DE 
= 
(c) 2 ( a + b + c ) > 3 ( p + q + r ) C triangle is always outside the triangle, that PR =10 cm, RX = 4 cm, 29. The diagonals of a cyclic ar( ∆ABC )  BC 
(d) 3 ( a + b + c ) > 4 ( p + q + r ) therefore Q is the orthocentre of ∆OPR. YR = 2 cm, QR = 5 cm. What one quadrilateral ABCD intersect at
1 DE 2
of the following is correct? P and the area of the triangle ⇒ =
2 2
_ (b) AO = P, BO = q , CO = r
2
a
25. In triangle ABC, ∠C = 90 ° and APB is 24 square cm. If AB = 8
5 10 2
3 3 3 (a) XY is parallel to PQ Q ar( ∆ADE ) = 1 ar( ∆ABC )
b D CD is the perpendicular from C (b) PQ = 2 XY cm and CD = 5 cm, then what
A p  5 
to AB. (c) PX = QY is the area of the triangle CPD
⇒ DE = 20
2
If (CD)−2 = ( BC)−2 + (CA)−2 , then (d) PQ = 3 XY (a) 24 cm 2
p ⇒ DE = 2 5 cm
(b) 15 cm 2
c b A
c
B which one of following is correct? _ (a) We have, In ∆PQR
PR = 10 cm, RX = 4 cm, RY = 2 cm (c) 12.5 cm 2
(a) BC ⋅ CD = AB ⋅ CA
(d) 9.375 cm 2
q
O r ∠BAC = 90°
AB = c, BC = a
(b) AB⋅ BC = CD ⋅ CA QR = 5 cm 2017 (I)
B a C (c) CA 2 + CB2 = 2 ( AD 2 + CD 2 ) P _ (d) We have ABCD is cyclic quadrilateral
CA = b, AD = p AB = 8 cm
In ∆AOB, AO + BO > AB (d) AB ⋅ CD = BC ⋅ CA 31. Which one of he following
Area of ∆ABC 6 CD = 5 cm area ∆APB = 24 cm2
2 1 1 triples does not represent the
(p+ q)> c = × AC × AB = × AD × BC _ (d) X sides of a triangle?
3 2 2 A D 5 cm C
1 1 4 (a) (3, 4, 5) (b) (4, 7, 10)
Similarly, In ∆ BOC and ∆ AOC × b ×c = × p× a
2 2 2 P (c) (3, 6, 8) (d) (2, 3, 6)
(q + r ) > a Q 3 Y 2
R
3 bc D
bc = pa ⇒ p = _ (d) If, a, b, c represents the sides of the
2 a ∴ PX = PR − RX = 10 − 4 = 6 cm
and ( p + r) > b A B triangle, then sum of the two sides must
3 QY = QR − YR = 5 − 2 = 3 cm 8 cm be greater than the third side.
2 23. In an equilateral triangle ABC, C B
Q ( p + q + q + r + r + p) > a + b + c PX QY 3 Since, 2 + 3 < 6
3 BD is drawn perpendicular to = =
AC 2 + CB2 = AB2 …(i) XR YR 2 Since, ABCD is cyclic quadrilateral ∴(2, 3, 6) can’t be side of a triangle.
⇒ 4 ( p + q + r ) > 3( a + b + c ) AC. What is BD2 equal to? 1 1 1 In ∆APB and ∆CPD,
= + [given] ∴ XY is parallel to PQ [by BPT]
2 2 2 2
(a) AD (b) 2 AD (c) 3 AD (d) 4 AD CD 2 BC 2 AC 2
Triangles 159 160 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

32. The angles of a triangle are in 35. In the figure given below _ (b) P ∴∆ADC is an isosceles triangle’. _ (d) D C ⇒
sin A sin B sinC
= =
the ratio 2 : 4 : 3. The smallest ∠A = 80 º and ∠ABC = 60 º. BD ∴ Statement 1 is correct. BC AC AB
2 Now, in ∆ABD and ∆CBD, sin A sin B sin 90°
angle of the triangle is and CD bisect angles B and C ⇒ = =
respectively. What are the values AB = BC [given] Y 5 12 13
(a) 20º (b) 40º T sin A sin 90° sin B sin 90°
(c) 50º (d) 60º of x and y respectively? AD = CD [proved above] ⇒ = and =
M BD = BD [common] O 5 13 12 13
_ (b) Since, the angles of a triangle are in A 1 ∴ By sss, ∆ABD ≅ ∆CBD A X
B
⇒ sin A =
5
and sin B =
12
…(ii)
the ratio 2 : 4 : 3. 3 4 5
Q L R ∴ Statement 3 is correct. In ∆ADX and ∆BAY 13 13
2
∴Smallest angle = × 180° ∴ by CPCT, ∠ 3 = ∠ 4 AD = BA [side of square] Again, in ∆ACD and ∆BCD taking sine rule,
2 + 4+ 3 D Since, QT = PT [given]
and ∠5 = ∠6 ∠DAX = ∠ABY = 90° sin A sin ∠ACD
2 ∴ ∠1 = ∠2 we get =
= × 180° = 40° y° x° ∴D is the intersecting point of angle CD AD
9 [angles opposite to equal side are AX = BY
x° bisector. So, D is incentre of ∆ABC. sin B sin ∠BCD
B C also equal] ...(i) 1 1 and =
33. ABC is a triangle and D is a [AB = BC ⇒ AB = BC ] CD BD
(a) 10 and 130 (b) 10 and 125 Again, ∠PQR = 90° 38. In the figure given below, M is 2 2 5 / 13 sin( 90°−30° )
point on the side BC. If BC = 12 ∴ ∠3 = 90 − ∠1 ...(ii) ∆ADX ≅ ∆BAY ⇒ =
(c) 20 and 130 (d) 20 and 125 the mid-point of AB and CD AD
cm, BD = 9 cm and Now, ∠ 4 = ∠ 3 …(iii) [LM || QT ]
_ (c) We have, ∠DAB = ∠CBA and [by SAS congurence rule] 12 / 13 sin 30°
∠ADC = ∠BAC, then the length ∠ 4 = 90°−∠1 …(iv) ∴ Statement 1 is correct.
and =
∠A = 80° and ∠ABC = 60° ∠AMC = ∠BMD. Then the CD BD
of AC is equal to [from Eq. (ii)] ∠DXA = ∠AYB
A triangle ADM is congruent to [by CPCT] [Q from Eq. (ii) and ∠ACD = 90°−∠BCD,
(a) 5 cm (b) 6 cm Again, in ∆PQR, ∴ Statement 2 is correct. ∠BCD = 30°]
the triangle BCM by
(c) 8 cm (d) 9 cm 80° ∠P + ∠Q + ∠R = 180° ∆ADX ≅ ∆BAY 5 sin 60°
Now, ⇒ =
_ (b) In ∆ABC and ∆DAC, ⇒ ∠2 + 90°+∠ 5 = 180° C D
∴ ∠XDA = ∠YAB 13 CD AD
D
∠BAC = ∠ADC [given] ⇒ ∠ 5 = 90 − ∠2 Again, ∠OAD = 90°−∠OAX 12 sin 30°
60° y° and =
∠ACB = ∠DCA [common] ⇒ ∠ 5 = 90 − ∠1 ...(iv) 13 CD BD
x° = 90° − ∠YAB
B C [from Eq. (i)]
A = 90°−∠XDA ⇒ 5 AD = 13CD ×
3
Now, in ∆ABC ∴From Eqs. (iv) and (v)
In ∆AOD, 2
∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180° ∠4 = ∠5 A M B ∠ODA + ∠OAD + ∠AOD = 180° 1
and 12 BD = 13CD ×
⇒ 80°+60°+∠C = 180° ⇒ ∠RLM = ∠LRM ⇒ ∠XDA + ( 90 − ∠XDA ) + ∠AOD = 180° 2
(a) SAS rule (b) SSS rule
⇒ ∠C = 180°−140° 37. In the figure given below, ABC ⇒ ∠AOD = 180°−90° = 90° ⇒ AD =
13
3 CD
(c) ASA rule (d) AAA rule
B 9 cm D 3 cm C = 40° is a triangle with AB = BC and [from Eq. (i)] 10
Q BD and CD are the bisectors of angle _ (c) C D
∴ DX is perpendicular to AY. 13
∴ ∆ABC ~ ∆DAC [by AA similarity] D is an interior point of the and BD = CD
B and C respectively. ∴ Statements 1 and 2 are not correct. 24
AC BC triangle ABC such that
∴ =
DC AC Q ∠DCB = ∠C
1 ∠DAC = ∠DCA. Then, AD + BD =
13
3 CD +
13
CD
2 10 24
⇒ AC 2 = DC × BC B
⇒ AC 2 = 3 × 12 1
= × 40° = 20° = x ° 1 3
5
4 2
2016 (II)  3 1
2 ⇒ AB = 13CD  + 
⇒ AC 2 = 36 A M B
40. Let ABC be a right angled  10 24 
⇒ AC = 6 cm 1 1
and ∠DBC = ∠B = × 60° = 30° We have, ∠3 = ∠4 [given]
2 2 D triangle with BC = 5 cm and ⇒
 12 3 + 5 
13 = 13 CD 
On adding ∠5 to both the sides, we get  [from Eq. (i)]
34. In a trapezium ABCD, AB is Again, in ∆BCD, ∠3 + ∠5 = ∠4 + ∠5
AC = 12 cm. Let D be a point  120 
parallel to CD and the diagonals on the hypotenuse AB such
∠BDC + ∠DBC + ∠DCB = 180° A C ⇒ ∠AMD = ∠BMC  12 3 + 5 
intersect each other at O. What that ∠BCD = 30 °. What is ⇒ 1 = CD  
⇒ y°+30°+20° = 180° Now, In ∆ADM and ∆BCM  120 
is the ratio of OA to OC equal to? Consider the following statements length of CD?
∠1 = ∠2 [given]
⇒ y° = 180°−50° 1. Triangle ADC is an isosceles  120 
(a) Ratio of OB to OD AM = BM (a)
60
(b)
17 ⇒ CD =   cm
cm cm  12 3 + 5 
(b) Ratio of BC to CD = 130° triangle. 13 2
[M is mid-point of AB]
(c) Ratio of AD to AB 2. D is the centroid of the triangle ∠AMD = ∠BMC [proved above] 120 120
36. In the figure given below, PQR (c) cm (d) cm
(d) Ratio of AC to BD ABC. 5 + 12 2 5 + 12 3
is a non-isosceles right-angled 3. Triangle ABD is congruent to
∴ ∆ADM ≅ ∆BCM 2016 (I)
_ (a) D C
triangle, right angled at Q. If the triangle CBD.
[by ASA congruence rule]
_ (d) Given, ∆ACB is a right angled triangle,
LM and QT are parallel and Which of the above statements 39. ABCD is a square. X is the at C, Where, BC = 5 cm and AC = 12 cm. 41. In a ∆PQR, point X is on PQ
O QT = PT then what is ∠RLM are correct? mid-point of AB and Y is the B and point Y is on PR such that
equal to? (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 mid-point of BC. XP = 1. 5 units, XQ = 6 units,
A B
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 Consider the following statements PY = 2 units and YR = 8 units.
P

5 cm
_ (c) B 1. Triangles ADX and BAY are D Which of the following are
Since, AB|| CD correct?
congruent
Now, In ∆AOB and ∆COD 5 6 30º
2. ∠DXA = ∠AYB 1. QR = 5 XY
∠OAB = ∠OCD
3. DX is inclined at an angle 60º A C 2. QR is parallel to XY .
∠OBA = ∠ODC T D 12 cm
3 4 with AY 3. ∆PYX is similar to ∆PRQ.
[alternate interior angles] M 1 2 4. DX is not perpendicular to AY In ∆ABC, by pythagoras theorem,
∠AOB = ∠COD Select the correct answer using
A C
Which of the above statements AB2 = AC 2 + BC 2 = 12 2 + 5 2
[vertically opposite angle] In ∆ ADC, ∠1 = ∠2 [given] the codes given below.
are correct? = 144 + 25 = 169
∆AOB ~ ∆COD [by AA similarity rule] Q L R
∴ AD = CD
OA OB (a) 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 4 ⇒ AB = 13 cm …(i) (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
∴ = (a) ∠PQT (b) ∠LRM [Q if two angles of a triangle are equal In ∆ABC, taking sine rule on both sides, (c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3
OC OD (c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1 and 2
(c) ∠RML (d) ∠QPT then corresponding sides are also equal] we get
Triangles 161 162 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

PX 1. 5 1 p− x x
_ (d) In ∆PQR , = = 43. ABC is a triangle right angled at 45. ABC is an equilateral triangle ⇒ = 49. Suppose ABC is a triangle with _ (c) Given that, ∠ABC = ∠DEF,
XQ 6 4 C as shown below. Which one of and X, Y and Z are the points p q AB of unit length. D and E are ∠ACB = ∠DFE and ∠BAC = ∠EDF
PY 2 1 ⇒ ( p + q ) x = pq
and = = the following is correct? on BC, CA and AB respectively, the points lying on AB and AC A
YR 8 4 pq
B such that BX = CY = AZ . ⇒ x = respectively, such that BC and
p+ q
P Which of the following is/are DE are parallel. If the area of ∆
correct? 2 pq
1.5 2 ∴Diagonal of square = 2 x = ABC is twice the area of ∆ ADE,
p+ q
X Y 1. XYZ is an equilateral triangle. then the length of AD is
Q B C
2. ∆XYZ is similar to ∆ABC. π 1 1 L
6 8 47. In a ∆ ABC, if A − B = , then (a) unit (b) unit
D
Select the correct answer using 2 2 3
Q R the codes given below. C + 2 B is equal to (c)
1
unit (d)
1
unit
A C
So,
PX
=
PY (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 2π 3π 2 3
P (a) (b)
XQ YR
(a) AQ 2 + AB2 = BP 2 + PQ 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 3
π
4 _ (c) In ∆ABC, DE is parallel to BC.
PX PQ 1. 5 7. 5 (c) π (d)
1. = ⇒ = (b) AQ 2 + PQ 2 = AB2 + BP 2 _ (c) In an equilateral ∆ABC, 2 ∴
Area of ∆ADE
=
AD 2 E
M
F
XY QR XY QR AB = BC = CA
+ BP 2 = AB2 + PQ 2 Area of ∆ABC AB 2 So, ∆ABC and ∆DEF are similar.
⇒ QR = 5 X Y (c) AQ 2
and ∠B = ∠C = ∠A _ (d) We have, A + B + C = π
(d) AQ 2 + AP 2 = BK 2 + KQ 2 π Area of ∆ADE AD 2
AB BC AC
2. Also,
PX
=
PY
=
1 A ⇒ + B+ B+C = π ⇒ = ∴ = =
2 2[Area of ∆ADE ] AB2 DE EF DF
PQ PR 5 _ (c) In the given triangle, π π
⇒ 2B + C = π − = Now, L is the mid-point of BC, then
⇒ QR is parallel of XY. AQ 2 + BP 2 Z
2 2 A 1
BL = BC
3. ∆PYX is similar to ∆PRQ. = ( AC 2 + QC 2 ) + ( PC 2 + BC 2 ) 2
48. Let ABC be a triangle in which
Hence, all statements are correct. = AC 2 + PQ 2 − PC 2 + PC 2 + BC 2 Y Also, M is the mid-point of EF, then
AB = AC. Let L be the locus of D E 1
[Q in ∆PQC, QC 2 = PQ 2 − PC 2] EM = EF
42. ABC is a triangle in which D is B C points X inside or on the 2
the mid-point of BC and E is = PQ + AC + BC = PQ + AB
2 2 2 2 2 X
triangle such that BX = CX . AB 2 BL BL
Given that, BX = CY = AZ B C ⇒ = =
the mid-point of AD. Which of [Q in ∆ABC , AC 2 + BC 2 = AB2] Which of the following DE 2 EM EM
Now, in ∆XYC, ∆ZYA and ∆XZB, AD 1 and ∠ABL = ∠DEM
the following statement(s) is/are 44. In the given figure, statements are correct? ⇒ =
BX = CY = AZ …(i) AB 2 ∴∆ABL is similar to ∆DEM.
correct? AD = CD = BC. What is the 1. L is a straight line passing
⇒ ( BC − XC ) = ( AC − AY ) = AB − BZ 1 Hence, statement I is true but statement
value of ∠CDB ? through A and incentre of ∆ ⇒ AD = AB
1. The area of ∆ABC is equal to ⇒ XC = AY = BZ …(ii)
ABC is on L. 2 II is false.
four times the area of ∆BED. C and ∠B = ∠C = ∠A …(iii) 1
96° 2. L is a straight line passing ⇒ AD = unit [Q AB = 1 unit] 51. ABC and DEF are similar
2. The area of ∆ADC is twice the From Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii), we get through A and orthocentre of ∆ 2
area of ∆BED. triangles. If the ratio of side AB
∆XYC, ∆ZYA and ∆XZB are congruent ABC is a point on L. to side DE is ( 2 + 1) : 3 , then
50. Let ∆ ABC and ∆DEF be such
Select the correct answer using triangles. 3. L is a straight line passing the ratio of area of ∆ ABC to
that ∠ABC = ∠DEF,
the codes given below. ∴ XY = YZ = XZ through A and centroid of that of ∆DEF is
A B ∠ACB = ∠DFE and
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 D So, ∆XYZ is an equilateral triangle and ∆ABC is a point on L.
(a) 32° (b) 64° ∠BAC = ∠EDF. Let L be the (a) ( 3 − 2 2 ) : 3 (b) ( 9 − 6 2 ) : 2
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 ∆XYZ is similar to ∆ABC. Select the correct answer using
(c) 78° mid-point of BC and M be the (c) 1 : ( 9 − 6 2 ) (d) ( 3 + 2 2 ) : 2
So, both statements are correct.
_ (c) In ∆ABC, AD is the median and (d) Cannot be determined due to the codes given below.
mid-point of EF.
median AD bisects the area of ∆ABC. insufficient data 46. A square is inscribed in a right (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 _ (c) Given, ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF
1 Consider the following statements Area of ∆ABC AB2
Area of ∆ABD = × Area of ∆ABC angled triangle with legs p and q
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 =
2 _ (b) Let ∠CDB = y and ∠CAD = x I. ∆ABL and ∆DEM are similar. Area of ∆DEF DE 2
As, AD = CD and has a common right angle _ (d ) In ∆ABC,
A
with the triangle. The diagonal A II. ∆ALC is congruent to ∆DMF ( 2 + 1)2 3 +2 2
C = =
96° of the square is given by even, if AC ≠ DF. ( 3) 2 3
x
E (a)
pq
(b)
pq ( 3 + 2 2 )( 3 − 2 2 )
Which one of the following is =
p + 2q 2p + q 3( 3 − 2 2 )
correct in respect of the above
x y y 2 pq 2 pq
B A B (c) (d) statements? 1
D
C D p+ q p+ q B C =
X Codes 9−6 2
Since, E is the mid-point of AD. Then, ⇒ ∠ACD = ∠CAD = x
BE is the median of ∆ABD. So, BE and CD = CB _ (c) In ∆ABC and ∆ADE, AB = AC i.e. ∆ABC is isosceles triangle. (a) Both Statement I and Statement II Hence, the required ratio is 1 : ( 9 − 6 2 ).
If L is the locus of points X inside or on are true and
bisects the area of ∆ABD. ⇒ ∠CBD = ∠CDB = y A
Statement II is the correct 52. Let ABC and A′ B′ C ′ be two
1 the triangle, such that BX = CX . Then, L
1. Area of ∆BED = × Area of ∆ ABD From exterior angle property,
is a straight line passing through A. explanation of Statement I triangles in which AB > A′ B′,
2 ∠CDB = ∠CAD + ∠ACD D E (b) Both Statement I and Statement II BC > B′ C ′ and CA > C ′ A′. Let
1 1 x As, AX is bisecting the line BC, then it
= × Area of ∆ABC  ⇒ y = x + x ⇒ y = 2x p
are true but
2  2  x passes through the centroid. D, E and F be the mid-points of
Now, ∠ACD + ∠DCB + 96° = 180°
1 As, AB = AC in ∆ABC, then AX is Statement II is not the correct the sides BC, CA and AB,
= × Area of ∆ABC ⇒ x + 180° − 2 y + 96° = 180° F explanation of Statement I
4 y B
q
C perpendicular to BC, hence it passes respectively. Let D′, E′ and F ′
⇒ − 2 y + 96° = 0 through the orthocentre. (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is
Hence, statement 1 is correct. 2 be the mid-points of the sides
3 AD DE In ∆ABC, AB = AC and AX ⊥ BC . So, false
2. Area of ∆ADC = Area of ∆ABD ⇒ y = 96° =
AX is angle bisector of ∠A, hence it B′ C ′, C ′ A′ and A′ B′,
2 AB BC (d) Statement I is false but Statement II
= 2 × Area of ∆BED passes through the incentre. Hence, respectively.
∴ y = 64° [Q ∆ADE is similar to ∆ABC] is true
So, Statement 2 is also correct. ∴ ∠CDB = y = 64° all statements are correct.
Triangles 163 164 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

Consider the following 3 × (2 )2 12 4 II. If G is the point of concurrence

statements
=
3 × ( 3 )2
=
9
= …(ii)
3 2015 (II) 2015 (I) of the medians of a ∆ABC, then 2014 (II)
area of ∆ABG = area of ∆BCG =
I. AD > A′ D′, BE > B′ E′ and A′ 54. The point O is equidistant from area of ∆ACG.
55. If the angles of a triangle are in 57. In a ∆ ABC, AD is the median
CF > C′ F′ are always true. the three sides of a ∆ABC.
the ratio 4 : 1 : 1. Then, the ratio Which of the above through A and E is the
AB2 + BC2 + CA2 Consider the following statement(s) is/are correct?
II. of the largest side to the mid-point of AD and BE
statements:
AD + BE + CF
2 2 2
F′ E′ perimeter is (a) Only I produced meets AC at F. Then,
I. ∠OAC + ∠OCB + ∠OBA = 90 ° 2 1 (b) Only II AF is equal to
A′ B′2 + B′ C′2 + C′ A′2 (a) (b)
= II. ∠BOC = 2 ∠BAC 3 2+ 3
(c) Both I and II
(a) AC / 5 (b) AC / 4
A′ D′2 + B′ E′2 + C′ F′2 3 2 (d) Neither I nor II
B′ C′ (c) (d) (c) AC / 3 (d) AC / 2
1 D′ 1 III. The perpendiculars drawn from
Which one of the following is 2+ 3 1+ 3 _ (c) I. Given D be a point on the side _ (c) Given, in ∆ ABC, AD is the median
From Eqs. (i) and (ii),
any point on OA to AB and AC BC of a ∆ABC
correct in respect of the above _ (c) Let the angles of a triangle be 4x, x and E is the mid-point of AD. Through
are always equal and area of ∆ABD = area of ∆ACD
statements? AB2 + BC 2 + CA 2 and x, respectively. point D, draw a line l|| BF which intersect
Which of the above statements To prove Area of ∆ABO = Area of ∆ACO
(a) Both Statement I and Statement II AD + BE + CF
2 2 2 i.e. ∠A = 4x, ∠B = x and ∠C = x AC at G.
Construction From A draw AG ⊥ BC
are true and Statement II is the A ′ B′ 2 + B′ C ′ 2 + C ′ A ′ 2 4
are correct? A A
= = and from O, draw OF ⊥ BC
correct explanation of Statement I A ′ D ′ 2 + B′ F ′ 2 + C ′ F ′ 2 3 (a) I and II
A
(b) Both Statement I and Statement II (b) II and III 120° F
Thus, if Statement I is correct, then (c) I and III
are true but Statement II is not the E
Statement II is also correct. a a
correct explanation of Statement I (d) I, II and III l
O
(c) Statement I is true but Statement II is 53. Two poles are placed at P and Q _ (c) Given, O is equidistant from AB, BC G
false on either side of a road such and CA. 30° 30° B C
(d) Statement I is false but Statement II that the line joining P and Q is B C B C D
A b G F D
is true perpendicular to the length of In ∆ADG, BF || l or EF || DG and E is the
Q Sum of all angles of a triangle = 180° BD × AG
the road. A person moves x m Proof Q Area of ∆ABD =
_ (a) Given, in ∆ABC and ∆A ′ B′C ′, ∴ ∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180° 2
mid-point of AD.
AB > A ′ B′ , BC > B′ C ′ and CA > C ′ A ′ away from P parallel to the road DC × AG
So, F is the mid-point of AG.
⇒ 4x + x + x = 180° and Area of ∆ADC =
and places another pole at R. O i.e. AF = FG ...(i)
and statement I, which is always true, is ⇒ 6x = 180° 2
Then, the person moves further Again, in ∆FBC, BF || DG and D is
as follows ⇒ x = 30° But BD = DC
x m in the same direction and mid-point of BC.
AD > A ′ D ′ , BE > B′ E ′ and CF > C ′ F ′ ∴ ∠A = 4x = 4 × 30° = 120° [Q D is the mid-point of BC,
turns and moves a distance y m Now, G will be the mid-point of CF.
where, D, E and F are mid-points of B C ∠B = x = 30° and ∠C = x = 30° AD being of median]
away from the road i.e. CG = GF ...(ii)
sides BC , CA and AB, respectively and So, it is clear that, given triangle is Area of ∆ABD = Area of ∆ACD …(i)
D ′ , E ′ and F ′ are mid-points of sides Join OA, OB and OC. From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
perpendicularly, where he finds isosceles triangle. BD × OF
B′ C ′ , C ′ A ′ and A ′ B′, respectively. In ∆ABC, OA, OB and OC are angle Again, area of ∆OBD = AF = FG = CG ...(iii)
himself, Q and R on the same Let the sides of a isosceles triangle be 2
Verification line. The distance between P bisectors and point O is incenter. a, a and b, respectively. DC × OF Now, AC = AF + FG + CG
Let in ∆ABC, each side = 4 and in and area of ∆ODC =
and Q (i.e. the width of the 1 ∴ Perimeter of triangle = a + a + b 2 = AF + AF + AF
∆A ′ B′ C ′, each side = 2 ∠OAB = ∠OAC = ∠BAC
= 3 AF
Q
road) in metre is 2 = 2a + b But BD = DC [from Eq. (iii)]
∴ AD = 16 − 4 x 1 Using sine rule, ∴ Area of ∆OBD = Area of ∆ODC …(ii) ⇒
1
AF = AC
= 12 = 2 3 (a) x (b) (c) y (d) 2 y ∴ ∠OBA = ∠OBC = ∠ABC b a 3
2 2 = Now, subtracting Eq. (ii) from Eq. (i),
sin120° sin 30° we get
AB2 + BC 2 + CA 2 3 × ( 4)2 (c) We can draw the figure on the basis and ∠OCB = ∠OCA = ∠ACB
1 58. Three straight lines are drawn
Now, = ⇒
b
=
a
Area of ∆ABD − Area of ∆OBD
AD 2 + BE 2 + CF 2 3 × (2 3 )2 of given statements, which is as follows 2
3 / 2 1/ 2 through the three vertices of a ∆
Now, in ∆ABC, = Area of ∆ACD − Area of ∆ODC
16 4 T 2b ABC, the line through each
= = …(i) ∠ABC + ∠BAC + ∠ACB = 180° ⇒ = 2a ∴ Area of ∆ABO = Area of ∆ACO
12 3 [Q angle sum property]
3 vertex being parallel to the
y Statement II
P x ⇒ a=
b opposite side. Then ∆ DEF is
A x ∴ ∠OAC + ∠OCB + ∠OBA = 90° 3 G is the point of concurrence of the
R S bounded by these parallel lines.
b b medians.
∠BOC = 2 ∠BAC Now, = then, Consider the following
2a + b 2 × b + b
Q It is not ture because, It is possible 3 area of ∆ABG = area of ∆BCG statements in respect of the
F E
when O point is circumcenter but here, O b 3 = Area of ∆ACG ∆ DEF.
In ∆PQR and ∆RST, PR = RS = x point is in center. = =
2 b + 3b 2 + 3 A I. Each side of ∆DEF is double the
∠P = ∠S = 90° [option 3]
3 side of ∆ ABC to which it is
[as PQ is perpendicular to PS] The statement perpendiculars drawn
B C parallel.
2 D 2 and ∠PRQ = ∠TRS [opposite from any point on OA to AB and AC are 56. Consider the following
angles] F E II. Area of ∆DEF is four times the
always equal so it is true, because O is G
Now, A ′ D ′ = 4−1= 3 ∴∆PRQ and ∆RST are congruent.
statements area of ∆ ABC.
equidistant from AB and AC.
∴ PQ = TS = y I. Let D be a point on the side BC Which of the above statement(s)
A ′ B′ 2 + B′ C ′ 2 + C ′ A ′ 2 of a ∆ABC. If area of ∆ABD =
∴ Hence, the width of the road is y m. B C is/are correct?
A ′ D ′ 2 + B′ E ′ 2 + C ′ F ′ 2 area of ∆ACD, then for all D
points O on AD, area of (a) Only I (b) Only II
Hence, both statements are true.
∆ABO = area of ∆ACO. (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
Triangles 165 166 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

a
_ (c) AC 2 ∠EFB = 180º −∠AFE _ (a) Since, the triangle is right angled. So, _ (b) Let the sides of triangle be , a, ar 68. Let ABC be a triangle right
⇒ = r
I. On drawing the three straight lines AB 1 ∠EFB = 180º −90º = 90º …(i) all the three consecutive sides must and since r < 1. angled at B. If AB = 6 cm and
through the three vertices of ∆ ABC, ∴ AC : AB = 2 : 1 In ∆ABC and ∆EDC, satisfy Pythagoras theorem. ∴
a
> a > ar BC= 8 cm, then what is the
we get the following figure AB|| DE r length of the circumradius of
60. Consider the following ∆ABC ~ ∆EDC Now, triangle is right angled.
E
statements in respect of an the ∆ABC ?
∠ABC = ∠EDC = 90º 5
Using Pythagoras theorem,
equilateral triangle (a) 10 cm (b) 7cm (c) 6 cm (d) 5 cm
∠BDE = 180º −∠EDC 4  a
2
  = ( a ) + ( ar )
2 2
I. The altitudes are congruent. ∠BDE = 180º −90º = 90º …(ii)  r _ (d) Given, ∆ABC is right angled at B.
A B
II. The three medians are In quadrilateral FEBD,
a2
⇒ =a + a r
2 2 2 A
congruent. ∠EFB + ∠FBD + ∠BDE + ∠DEF = 360º
3 r2
III. The centroid bisects the 90º +90º +90º +∠DEF = 360º
Hence, 3, 4 and 5 are the sides of a2
D
C
F altitude. (by eq. (1) and eq. (2)) ⇒ = a 2(1 + r 2 ) 6 cm
O
triangle which satisfy Pythagoras r2
Which of the above statements ∠DEF = 90º
Here, AB|| DF, BC || DE and theorem. ⇒ r + r =1
2 4
Then, statement I is true 1
AC || EF . are correct? ∴ Area of triangle = × 4 × 3 = 6 cm2 Put r 2 = x ⇒ x2 + x − 1 = 0
∆DEF and ∆ABC are similar but not 2 B 8 cm C
Obviously, A, B and C are the mid- (a) I and II (b) II and III congruent, −1 ± 1 − 4 ( −1 )
points of DE, EF and DF, respectively. (c) I and III (d) I, II and III Statement II is not true. 65. If triangles ABC and DEF are ∴ x= Using Pythagoras theorem,
2 AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2
By mid-point theorem,
_ (a) Since, the altitude and medians of an similar such that 2 AB = DE and
−1 ± 5 = 6 2 + 8 2 = 100
BC = DE
1 equilateral triangle are congruent but BC = 8 cm, then what is EF =
2 centroid divide the altitude in 2 :1.
So, statements I and II are correct.
2014 (I) equal to? 2
5 −1
∴ AC = 10 cm
We know that, circumradius of right
or DE = 2 BC (a) 16 cm (b) 12 cm (c) 10 cm (d) 8 cm ⇒ r2 =
2 angled triangle is equal to half of
Similarly, DF = 2 AB and EF = 2 AC 61. Consider the following 62. The three sides of a triangle are
15, 25, x units. Which one of _ (a)Q ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF hypotenuse.
Hence, statement I is correct. ABC and DEF are triangles in a A 67. In a ∆ABC, AD is perpendicular ∴ Radius of circumcircle =
10
= 5 cm
1 the following is correct? to BC and BE is perpendicular 2
II. Also, area of ∆ABC = area of ∆DEF plane such that AB is parallel to
4 DE, BC is parallel to EF and CA (a) 10 < x < 40 (b) 10 ≤ x ≤ 40 to AC. Which of the following 69. If AD is the internal angle
is parallel to FD. (c) 10 ≤ x < 40 (d) 10 < x ≤ 40 is correct? bisector of ∠A in ∆ABC with
or area of ∆DEF = 4 area of ∆ABC AB = 3 cm and AC = 1, then
Statement I If ∠ ABC is a _ (a) In a triangle, sum of two sides is (a) CE × CB = CA × CD
Hence, statement II is also correct. always greater than third side. (b) CE × CA = CD × what is BD : BC equal to?
right angle, then ∠ DEF is also a i.e. x < 40 ...(i) B C
CB
(c) AD × BD = AE × BE
59. In a ∆ ABC, if ∠B = 2 ∠C = 2 ∠A. right angle. (a) 1 : 3 (b) 1 : 4 (c) 2 : 3 (d) 3 : 4
Difference of two sides is always less D (d) AB × AC = AD × BE
Then, what is the ratio of AC Statement II Triangles of the than third side. _ (d) In ∆ABC, AD is the internal angle
to AB ? type ABC and DEF are always i.e. 10 < x ...(ii) _ (c) Two sides of triangle have bisector of ∠A.
AD BE
congruent. From Eqs. (i) and (ii), perpendiculars then =
(a) 2 : 1 (b) 3 : 1 (c) 1 : 1 (d) 1 : 2 AC BC C
Which one of the following is 10 < x < 40 E F BE and AD is ⊥ on sides AC and AD
_ (a) Given, in ∆ABC, ∠B = 2 ∠C = 2 ∠A correct in respect of the above
D
63. Which one of the following is a AB BC then 1
We know that, sum of angles of a
statements? ∴ = ∆ADC ≅ ∆BEC
triangle = 180° Pythagorean triple in which one DE EF
(a) Statements I and II are correct and So, ∆AEB ~= ∆ADB
⇒ ∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180° side differs from the hypotenuse 1 8 A B
Statement II is the correct ⇒ = 1
Area of ∆ABD = × BD × AD
⇒ ∠A + 2 ∠A + ∠A = 180° by two units? 2 EF …(i) Using property of internal angle bisector,
explanation of Statement I 2
[Q 2 ∠C = 2 ∠A = ∠B ] (a) (2 n + 1, 4n, 2 n2 + 2 n) BD AB
(b) Statements I and II are correct and ⇒ EF = 16 cm 1
and area of ∆ABE = × AE × BE …(ii) =
⇒ 4∠A = 180° (b) (2 n, 4n, n2 + 1) CD AC
Statement II is not the correct 2
180° 66. The sides of a triangle are in CD AC
⇒ ∠A = = 45° explanation of Statement I (c) (2 n2, 2 n, 2 n + 1) C ⇒ =
4 geometric progression with BD AB
∴ ∠B = 90°
(c) Statement I is correct and Statement (d) (2 n, n2 − 1, n2 + 1) CD AC
and ∠C = 45° II is incorrect where, n is a positive real number. common ratio r < 1. If the ⇒ + 1= +1
E BD AB
Thus, ∆ABC is a right angled triangle, (d) Statement I is incorrect and triangle is a right angled D
_ (d) By hit and trial method, CD + BD AC + AB
right angle at B and AB = BC . Statement II is correct ⇒ =
[(2 × 2 ),(2 )2 − 1, (2 )2 + 1] = (4, 3, 5) triangle, the square of common BD AB
A _ (c) In ∆ABC and ∆DEF, AB|| DE, [put n = 2 in option (d)] ratio is given by A B
⇒
BC
=
3+1
BC || EF and CA || FD From Eqs. (i) and (ii), BD 3
which satisfy Pythagoras theorem and 5+1 5 −1
A (a) (b) 1 1 BD 3
one side differs from hypotenuse by 2 2 × BD × AD = × AE × BE ⇒ =
2 units. 2 2 BC 4
3+1 3 −1 ⇒ BD × AD = AE × BE
(c) (d) ∴ BD : BC = 3 : 4
64. The sides of a right angled 2 2
90° E
F triangle are equal to three
B C consecutive numbers expressed
In ∆ ABC, by Pythagoras theorem, in centimetres. What can be the
B C
AB2 + BC 2 = AC 2 D area of such a triangle?
⇒ AB2 + AB2 = AC 2 [Q AB = BC ] In ∆ABC and ∆AFE, (a) 6 cm 2 (b) 8 cm 2
FE|| BC (c) 10 cm 2 (d) 12 cm 2
⇒ 2 AB2 = AC 2 ⇒ 2 AB = AC ∆ABC ~ ∆AFE
[taking square root on both sides] ∠AFE = ∠ABC = 90º
 168 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

a − x
x = 2   A D Which one of the following is
 2  correct in respect of the above
2x = a − x statements?
⇒ 2x + x = a (a) Both statements 1 and statements

24 x ( 2 + 1) = a
x =
a
2 +1

x = a ( 2 − 1) Q

1
2 +1
Then, option (a) is correct.

= 2 − 1

B
In parallelogram ∠B = ∠D = x
In cyclic parallelogram,
∠B + ∠D = 180°
C
… (i)

x + x = 180° {from Eq. (i)}

2 x = 180° ⇒ x = 90°
2 are true and statement 2 is the
correct explanation of statement 1.
(b) Both statement 1 and statement 2
are true, but statement 2 is not the
correct explanation of statement 1.
(c) Statement 1 is true, but statement 2
is false.
(d) Statement 1 is false, but

QUADRILATERAL
Then,
4. Consider the following It is a rectangle. statement 2 is true.
statements: Statement 2nd also correct. _ (c) Statement 1 is true, but Statement 2
1. An isosceles trapezium is is false as the sum of angle of polygon is

AND POLYGON
always cyclic. ( n − 2 ) 180°.
2. Any cyclic parallelogram is a 2018 (II)
rectangle.
5. In the figure given below, ABC
2017 (II)
Which of the above statements
is/are correct?` is an equilateral triangle with
2 each side of length 30 cm. XY is 7. If a point O in the interior of a
ar( ∆AOD )  AO 
2019 (II) ar( BOC )
= 
 CO  2019 (I) (a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
parallel to BC, XP is parallel to rectangle ABCD is joined with
each of the vertices A, B C and
(c) Both 1 and 2
AC and YQ is parallel to AB. If
2
XY + XP + YQ is 40 cm, then D, then OB2 + OD2 will be
=   =
3 9 3. The corners of a square of side ‘
1. The sides AD, BC of a (d) Neither 1 nor 2
 5 25 a’ are cut away so as to form a the value of PQ is equal to
trapezium ABCD are parallel _ (c) E
and the diagonals AC and BD ar ( ∆AOD ) =
9
× 5 = 18
. cm 2 regular octagon. What is the A (a) 2OC 2 + OA 2 (b) OC 2 − OA 2
meet at O. If the area of triangle 25 side of the octagon? (c) OC 2 + OA 2 (d) OC 2 + 2OA 2
AOB is 3 cm2 and the area of 2. Let PQRS be a parallelogram (a) a( 2 − 1) (b) a( 3 − 1) _ (c) We have ABCD is rectangle
triangle BDC is 8 cm2 , then whose diagonals PR and QS (c)
a
(d)
a A D D C
what is the area of triangle intersect at O. If triangle QRS is 2 +2 3
X Y
AOD? an equilateral triangle having a
side of length 10 cm, then what _ (a) A E F D P Q
(a) 8 cm 2 (b) 5 cm 2 x O
(c) 3.6 cm 2 (d) 8 cm 2 is the length of the diagonal PR? x x B C B P Q C
(a) 5 3 cm (b) 10 3 cm L G We produce BA and CD and meet them
A D (a) 5 cm (b) 12 cm (c) 15 cm (d) 10 cm
_ (d) at E.
A B
(c) 15 3 cm (d) 20 3 cm x x a PD = QC
AB = CD (given)…(1) _ (d) Given, AB = BC = AC = 30
_ (b) S R K H PA = QB
O AD || BC (given) XY is parallel to BC
x x In ∆OPD
them, ∴ AXY is also equilateral triangle.
B C OD 2 = OP 2 × PD 2 ...(i)
B C J I AE = DE …(2) Similarly, XBP and CYQ is an equilateral
a
triangle In ∆OBQ
∆ABC and∆BDC O
On adding Eq. (1) and (2), we get
ABCD is square. ∴ XY = AX , XP = BX ⇒ QY = CY = CQ OB2 = OQ 2 + BQ 2 ...(ii)
Lie on the same base BC and between AB + AE = CD − DE
same parallel AD and BC. The corners of square are cut away by XY + XP + QY = 40 On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
P Q BE = EC AX + BX + CY = 40
∴ar( ∆ABC ) = ar( BDC ) doted line. OD 2 + OB2 = OP 2 + PD 2
∴ ∠EBC = ∠ECB = θ AB + CQ = 40
Subtracting ar( ∆BOC ) both sides, we In triangle QRS, each angle is 60°. AO is EFGHIJKL is octagon. + OQ 2 + BQ 2
get ar( ∆ABC ) − ar( ∆BOC ) altitude of triangle QRS. Altitude in Let side of octagon = x then, ⇒ CQ = 40 − 30 = 10 = BP ⇒ OD 2 + OB2 = OP 2 + AP 2
3 AE + FD = a − x [Q AE = FD] ∠BAD = 180 − ∠ABC PQ = BC − ( BP + CQ ) + CQ 2 + OQ 2
ar( BDC ) − ar( BOC ), ar( ∆AOB) = ar( DOC ) equilateral triangle = a
2 2 AE = a − x ∠BAD = 180 − θ …(3) = 30 − 20 = 10 cm [Q AP = BQ, PD = OQ]
Then, ar( ∆DOC ) = 3 cm 2
3  a − x Similarly
So, ar ( ∆BOC ) = ar( BDC ) − ar( ∆DOC ) Altitude = × 10 [Q a = 10 cm] AE =  ⇒ OD 2 + OB2 = OA 2 + OC 2
 ...(i)
∠CDA = 180º −θ …(4)
= 8 cm 2− 3cm 2 = 5 cm 2 2
= 5 3 cm
 2 
then
2018 (I) 8. A closed polygon has six sides
In ∆ABO and ∆BOC, a − x
Similarly, AL =   ∠ABC + ∠CDA = θ + 180 − θ
1 ∆QSR is similar to ∆PQS and both are  2  and one of its angles is 30°
× AO × height = 180º 6. Given, that the angles of a
ar ( ∆ABO ) 2 equilateral triangle with side 10 cm. greater than each of the other
= ∆AEL ( AL ) + ( AE ) = ( LE )
2 2 2
polygon are all equal and each
ar ( ∆BOC ) 1 × CO × height and ∠DAB + ∠DCB = 180º −θ + θ five equal angles. What is the
Then, diagonal PR = 2 × Altitude 2
a − x + a − x
2
angle is a right angle.
 =x
2
2    = 180º value of one of the equal angles?
3 AO =2 × 5 3  2   2  Statement 1 : The polygon has
= Then, an isosceles (a) 55° (b) 115°
= 10 3 cm 2 exactly four sides.
5 CO a − x
2 
trapezium is always cyclic. (c) 150° (d) 175°
 =x Statement 2 : The sum of the
∆AOD ~ ∆BOC { AAA}  2  Q Statement I is true.
angles of a polygon having n _ (b) We know that, if a polygon has n
(2) Any cyclic parallelogram is rectangle. sides, then the sum of its interior angles
sides is (3 n − 8) right angles. is given by ( n − 2 ) 180°
Quadrilateral and Polygon 169 170 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

∴ Sum of interior angles of given polygon ∴ ∆ASP ≅ ∆BQP 11. ABCDEF is a regular polygon. Now, in ∆ACT, ∴ EF = BH = DG = x than the sum of the interior
∴ = ( 6 − 2 ) × 180° = 720° [by SAS congruence rule] Two poles at C and D are tan 30º =
CT
⇒
1
=
CT
⇒ CT = a Now, in quadrilateral ABDE, angles of a regular polygon of n
Now, let the value of each of the equal Then, PS = PQ [by CPCT] …(iv) standing vertically and subtend AC 3 3a AB|| ED [∴ AC || ED ⇒ AB|| ED] sides and their sum is
angles be x °. Then, Similarly, In ∆RDS and ∆RCQ, angles of elevation 30º and 60º and AB = ED = 5cm π
T (m + n) .
( 30 + x )° + x ° + x ° + x ° + x ° + x ° SD = CQ at A respectively. What is the ∴Quadrilateral ABDE is a parallelogram. 2
= 720 [Q AD = BC and S , Q are ratio of the height of the pole at Now, Which of the above
⇒ 6x ° + 30° = 720° mid-points of AD and BC] C to that of the pole at D? ar ||gm ( ABDE ) = AB × EF = 5x statement(s) is/are correct?
∴ 6x ° = 690° DR = RC [Q R is mid-point of DC] (a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 2 3 a 1 5 (a) Only 1
ar (∆BDE ) = × ED × BH = x
⇒ x = 115° ∠C = ∠D [each 90°] (c) 2 3 : 1 (d) 2 : 3 2 2 (b) Only 2
∴ ∆RDS ≅ ∆RCQ 90° 1 7 (c) Both 1 and 2
_ (b) Here, two poles CT and DS are 30° ar ( ∆BCD ) = × BC × DG = x
2 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
2017 (I) Then,
[by SAS congruence rule]
SR = RQ [by CPCT] …(v)
standing vertically at C and D
respectively.
A √3a C
∴Area of ABDE: Area of BDE: Area of _ (d) 1. In regular ploygon,
Required ratio = CT: DS 5 7 Sum of exterior angles = 360°
From Eqs. (iii), (iv) and (v), we get S BCD = 5x: x: x = 10 : 5 : 7
9. Let ABCD be a rectangle. Let = a : 2 3a = 1 : 2 3 2 2 [which is always constant]
PS = SR = RQ = PQ D T
P, Q, R, S be the mid-points of So, Statement 1 is incorrect.
Hence, quadrilateral PQRS is a 12. ABCD is a rectangle. The 14. In the figure given below, PQRS
sides AB, BC, CD, DA 2. Sum of interior angles of m sides
rhombus. E C diagonals AC and BD intersect is a parallelogram PA bisects
respectively. Then the = ( m − 2 ) × 180° of
at O. If AB = 32 cm and AD = 24 angle P and SA bisects angle S.
quadrilateral PQRS is a 10. The area of a regular hexagon of regular polygon
cm, then what is OD equal to? What is angle PAS equal to?
side ‘a’ is equal to Total sum of interior angles of m
(a) Square (a) 22 cm (b) 20 cm P Q
2 2 sides and n sides of regular
(b) Rectangle, but need not be a square (a) a square units B (c) 18 cm (d) 16 cm
3 F polygon
(c) Rhombus, but need not be a
square 3 3 2 _ (b) D C A = ( m − 2 ) × 180° + ( n − 2 ) × 180°
(b) a square units A
(d) Parallelogram, but need not be a 2 = ( m + n − 4) × 180°
rhombus 1
(c) a 2 square units Q Each angle in regular hexagon is
24 cm
O S R So, statement 2 is incorrect.
D R C 3 equal to 120 (a) 60º (b) 75º
_ (c) 3 2
Hence, neither 1 nor 2 is correct.
(d) a square units ∴∠ABC = 120º (c) 90º (d) 100º
2 180º −120º 16. Consider the following
S Q ∠BAC = ∠BCA = = 30º A 32 cm B _ (c) Since, PQRS is a parallelogram
2 statements
_ (b) A We have, ∴ PQ||SR
∠DCA = ∠DCB − ∠BCA AB = 32 cm, AD = 24 cm ∴ ∠QPS + ∠RSP = 180° 1. There exists a regular polygon
A P B whose exterior angle is 70°.
F B = 120º −30 = 90º Since, ∠A = 90° [Q cointerior angles]
Given, ABCD is a Rectangle ∴∆DCA is a right angled triangle. 1 1 2. Let n ≥ 5, then the exterior
∴ BD 2 = AB2 + AD 2 = ( 32 )2 + (24)2 ⇒ ∠QPS + ∠RSP
∴ ∠A = ∠B = ∠C = ∠D = 90° M
Let side DC = a 2 2 angle of any regular polygon of
and AD = BC , AB = DC O = 1024 + 576 = 1600
CD 1 a 1 n sides is acute.
E C tan 30º = ⇒ = ⇒ AC = 3a ∴ BD = 40 cm = × 180°
[Q In a rectangle each angle is 90° and AC 3 AC 2 Which of the above
opposite sides are equal] Since, diagonals of a rectangle bisects
DC 1 a ⇒ ∠ APS + ∠ASP = 90° statement(s) is/are correct?
Also, given P, Q, R and S are mid-points D sin 30º = ⇒ = ⇒ AD = 2 a each other
AD 2 AD 1 1 [Q PA and SA are the angle bisectors of
of AB, BC , CD and DA, respectively. In ∆OBC ∴ OD = BD = × 40 = 20 cm
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
∠P and ∠Q respectively] ...(i) (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
∠BOC = 60° D 2 2
In ∆ABD, P and S are the mid-points of Now, In ∆ APS,
AB and DA, respectively. [Q ABCDEF is a regular hexagon]
60° 13. In the figure given below, AC is ∠APS + ∠ASP + ∠PAS = 180° _ (b) Exterior angle of regular polygon
1 OC = OB 360°
∴ PS || BD and PS = BD …(i) Also, parallel to ED and AB = DE = 5 ⇒ 90°+∠PAS = 180° =
2 ∴ ∠OCB = ∠OBC = 60° Number of sides
cm and BC = 7 cm. What is the ⇒ ∠PAS = 180°−90° = 90° 1. If exterior angle is 70°.
[by mid-point theorem] [Q ∠OBC + ∠OCB + ∠BOC = 180° ] a
area ABDE : area BDE : area Then, number of sides
and in ∆ACD, R and S are the ∴∆OBC is an equilateral triangle.
mid-points of DC and AD, respectively. 90° BCD equal to? 360° 36
30° = = = A rational number
∴ SR || AC and SR = AC
1
…(ii)
Now, let the side of hexagon be a
a A C E 5 cm D 2016 (I) 70° 7
2 ∴ BM = CM = So, statement 1 is incorrect.
2 Now in ∆ASD 2. If number of sides ≥ 5, then
[by mid-point theorem] DS 15. Consider the following
∴ OM = OB2 − BM 2 tan 60º = 360°
In rectangle ABCD, AC = BD AD statements Exterior angle = = 72 °
a2 3 5
[since, diagonals of a = a2 − = a DS 1. If n ≥ 3 and m ≥ 3 are distinct For number of sides ≥ 5, there is
rectangle are equal] 4 2 ⇒ 3= A 5 cm B 7 cm C
2a positive integers, then the sum always an acute exterior angle.
∴ PS = SR ∴ area (∆OBC) ⇒ DS = 2 3a
(a) 10 : 5 : 7 (b) 8 : 4 : 7
of the exterior angles of a So, statement 2 is correct.
[from Eqs. (i) and (ii)] …(iii) 1 (c) 2 : 1 : 2 (d) 8 : 4 : 5
= × BC × OM S regular polygon of m sides is
Now, in ∆ASP and ∆BQP, 2 17. A rhombus is formed by joining
_ (a) E 5 cm D different from the sum of the
AP = BP 1 3 3 2 mid-points of the sides of a
= ×a× a= a H exterior angles of a regular
[Q P is mid-point of AB] 2 2 4 rectangle in the suitable order. If
polygon of n sides.
AS = BQ ∴ Area of hexagon ABCDEF the area of the rhombus is 2 sq
[Q AD = BC and S , Q are mid-points a 2. Let m, n be integers such that units, then the area of the
= 6 × area (∆OBC)
of AD and BC] 3 2 3 3 2
F G m > n ≥ 3. Then, the sum of the rectangle is
∠A = ∠B [each 90°] = 6× a = a 60° 90° A 5 cm B 7 cm C interior angles of a regular
4 2 (a) 2 2 sq units (b) 4 sq units
A 2a D Since, AC || ED polygon of m sides is greater (c) 4 2 sq units (d) 8 sq units
Quadrilateral and Polygon 171 172 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

_ (b) We know that, 3 1 In ∆AOD, PB 1

= _ (d) E ∴ Number of sides in the polygon ( n)
⇒ 2 sin θ = cos θ + sin θ _ (d) Given, … (i)
2 2 AD x PC 2 360°
Area of rhombus
60° =
1 1 ⇒ 4 sin θ = 3 cos θ + sin θ tan θ =
AQ
= 2 = 2 ∴ BQ || DC [Q AB|| DC ] Each exterior angle
= × Product of diagonals = × d 1 × d 2 2 − 3
2 2 ⇒ 3 sin θ = 3 cos θ OQ OQ In ∆BPQ and ∆DPC, 360°
x  = =8
1  2  ∠BPQ = ∠DPC D C 45°
⇒ tan θ =
3 x 2 [vertically opposite angles] ∴ Number of diagonals of a polygon
d2 = × h
⇒ θ = 30° 2 x (2 − ∠QBP = ∠PCD n ( n − 1) 8 ( 8 − 1)
d2 3) = − n= −8
d1 [alternate interior angles]
∴ ∠ADB = 120° − θ 1 2 + 3 2 + 3
60 60 2 2
= 120° − 30° = 90° = × = ∴ ∆BPQ ~ ∆DPC A p q B 8×7
2 − 3 2 + 3 4−3 = − 8 = 28 − 8 = 20
[by AA similarity] b a b 2
d1 In ∆ADB,
BD [Q ( a + b ) ( a − b ) = a 2 − b 2 ] We know, that area of two similar Hence, the number of diagonals of the
sin 60° = Let AP = qB = b cm
From the above figure, AB =2 + 3 triangles are in the ratio of the square of polygon is 20.
the corresponding sides pq = DC = a cm
Area of rectangle = d 1 × d 2 3 BD
⇒ = 21. If X is any point with in a square ar ( ∆BPQ )  PB 
2 DP = cq = h cm 26. If a star figure is formed by
= 2 (Area of rhombus) 2 2 AD =  elongating the sides of a regular
ABCD and on AX, a square ar ( ∆DPC )  PC  and AB = BE = AE
= 2 × 2 = 4 sq units ∴ BD = 3 AD pentagon, then the measure of
AXYZ is described. Which of 2 [Q ∆ABE is equilateral triangle]
=  
20 1 each angle at the angular points
18. If each interior angle of a Alternate Method
the following is/are correct? ⇒ [from Eq. (i)] DC|| AB
ar ( ∆DPC )  2  of the star figure is
regular polygon is 140 °, then the Cosine rule then ∆AEB ~ ∆DCE
( AD )2 + ( AB)2 − ( BD )2 1. BX = DZ or BZ = DX
number of vertices of the cos φ = ∴ ar( ∆DPC ) = 80 sq units ED = EC (a) 36° (b) 35°
2( AD )( AB) 2. ∠ABX = ∠ADZ or (c) 32° (d) 30°
polygon is equal to 23. A circle of radius r is inscribed AD = CB
∠ADX = ∠ABZ
(a) 10 (b) 9 AD = x So, AC = BD = d _ (a) Q Each interior angle of a regular
in a regular polygon with n sides
(c) 8 (d) 7 AB = 2 x Select the correct answer using area of trapezium polygon of n sides
(the circle touches all sides of ( n − 2 ) × 180°
φ = 60 the codes given below. 1 =
_ (b) Given, each interior angle = 140° the polygon). If the perimeter of = × AC × BD × sinθ n
Then, each exterior angle Then, (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 the polygon is p, then the area 2
= (180° − 140° ) = 40° x 2 + (2 x )2 − ( BD )2 (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 1 Here, n = 5
cos 60º = of the polygon is 16 = × d × d × sin 90º
∴ Number of sides 2 × x × 2x ∠DAB = ∠XAZ = 90° 2
_ (c) Here, (a) ( p + n) r (b) (2 p − n) r
360° 1 5x 2 − ( BD )2 pr 32 cm = d 2 …(i) A E
= = ⇒ ∠DAB − ∠XAB = ∠XAZ − ∠XAB (c) (d) None of these G
Each exterior angle Also, area of trapezium 108°
2 4x 2 2
360°
A D 1 B 108° D
= =9 2x 2 = 5x 2 − ( BD )2 = × ( AB + DC ) × h
_ (c) We know that, perimeter of 2
40° BD = π C
3x Z
polygon = p = 2 nr sin   … (i) 1
Hence, the number of vertices of BD = 3 AD X  n 16 = ( a + b + a + a ) × h
polygon is 9. 2
Y and area of polygon ∴ Each interior angle of the pentagon
20. An equilateral ∆BOC is drawn 16 = ( a + b ) × h ( 5 − 2 ) × 180° 3 × 180°
nr 2 2π
inside a square ABCD. If ∠AOD = A= sin   16 = =
2  n  a+ b = cm …(ii) 5 5
2015 (II) = 2 θ, what is tan θ equal to? h
= 3 × 36° = 108°
nr 2 π π
2 sin  cos  
B C In ∆DPB,
(a) 2 − 3 (b) 1 + 2 = Since, GAF is a straight line.
(c) 4 − (d) 2 + 3 ⇒ ∠DAX = ∠BAZ 2  n  n
3 ( DB)2 = ( DP )2 + ( PB)2
19. ABCD is a parallelogram with Now, in ∆DAX and ∆BAZ, p π ∴ ∠GAE = 180°
= nr ×
2
cos [from Eq. (i)] (d )2 = ( m)2 + ( a + b )2
AB and AD as adjacent sides. If _ (d) Let side of square ABCD be x and AD = AB [sides of squares] 2 nr n ⇒ ∠GAB + ∠BAE = 180°
drawn an equilateral ∆BOC inside ABCD 2
32 = h2 +  
∠A = 60 ° and AB = 2 AD, then 16
π
cos   ⇒ ∠GAB + 108° = 180°
∠DAX = ∠BAZ pr
such that BO = OC = BC = x and [proved earlier] =  h
the diagonal BD will be equal to BC x AX = AZ [sides of square] 2  n ⇒ ∠GAB = 180°−108° = 72 °
BP = = [by Eqs. (i) and (ii)]
pr  π 
as n increases, cos   = 1
(a) 2 AD (b) 3 AD 2 2 ∴ ∆DAX ≅ ∆BAZ [by SAS criteria]
x = Similarly, GBC is a straight line.
(c) 2 AD (d) 3 AD A B ⇒ BZ = DX [by CPCT] 2   n  Put the value of h from the option
Let h = 4, ∴ ∠GBC = 180°
_ (b) Given, ∠A = 60° and ∠ABZ = ∠ADX [by CPCT] 2 ⇒ ∠GBA + ∠ABC = 180°
then = ( 4) +   = 16 + 16 = 32 cm
O 2 16
and BD = 2 AD
x Q
θ
P x
Hence, both statements are correct.
2015 (I)  4 ⇒ ∠GBA = 180°−108° = 72 °
D C 22. A B In ∆ABG,
Q L.H.S = R.H.S
24. The diagonals of a trapezium ∠GAB + ∠ABG + ∠BGA = 180°
∴ h = 4 cm
D C P are at right angles and the slant
12

x ⇒ 72 °+72 °+∠BGA = 180°

sides, if produced, form an
0°

x 25. If each interior angle of a

–θ

2 D C equilateral triangle with the ⇒ ∠BGA = 180°−144°

regular polygon is 135°, then
x 2 −  
x
∴ PO = In the above figure, ABCD is a ∴ ∠BGA = 36°
60° θ 2 greater of the two parallel sides. the number of diagonals of the
A B parallelogram. P is a point on If the area of the trapezium is polygon is equal to
2x x2 3x 2 3 27. ABCD is a parallelogram, where
= x2 − = = x BC such that PB : PC = 1 : 2 . DP 16 sq cm, then the distance
In ∆ABD, from the sine rule, 4 4 2 (a) 54 (b) 48 (c) 20 (d) 18 AB : AD = 2 : 1. One of the
and AB when both produced between the parallel side is
sin θ sin (120°− θ) 3
_ (c) Given, each interior angle of a angles of the parallelogram is
= and OQ = AB − PO = x − x meet at Q. If area of ∆BPQ is 20 (a) 2 cm
x 2x 2 regular polygon = 135° 60°. The two diagonals are in
2 − 3 sq units, the area of ∆DCP is (b) 4 cm
⇒ 2 sin θ = sin (120°− θ) =x 
Q Each exterior angle the ratio
 (a) 20 sq units (b) 30 sq units (c) 8 cm
⇒ 2 sin θ = sin 120° cos θ  2  = 180° − Interior angle (a) 7 : 3 (b) 7 : 3
(c) 40 sq units (d) None of these (d) Cannot be determined due to
− cos 120° sin θ Since, ∠ AOD = 2 θ ⇒ ∠ AOQ = θ = 180° − 135° = 45° (c) 7 : 5 (d) None of these
insufficient data
Quadrilateral and Polygon 173 174 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

1
_ (b) D 2x C _ (c) I. ∆ALD and ∆BMC, Consider the following statements Which of the above = Area of trapezium ABCD 32. ABCD is a parallelogram. P and
D C statement(s) is/are correct? 2 R are the mid-points of DC and
1. The straight line MX cannot
If AD = BD, then it is true,
be parallel to YN. (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 BC, respectively. The line PR
otherwise area of ∆DCM and area
2. The straight lines AC, BD, XY (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 intersects the diagonal AC at Q.
of ∆ABM is greater than half of the
x and MN meet at a point. The distance CQ will be
x _ (c) 1. Given, ABCD is a trapezium. area of trapezium ABCD.
Which of the above If AB = CD, then it becomes a So, statement 2 is also correct. (a) AC/4 (b) BD/3
60° A L M B statement(s) is/are correct? parallelogram. (c) BD/4 (d) AC/3
120° 31. Consider the following
AD = BC [given] (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 Since, M is the mid-point of BC.
A B statements _ (a) Given, ABCD is a parallelogram. Join
DL = CM (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Now, area of AC and BD which intersect each other at O.
cosine rule 1. ‘Area of ∆ADM − Area of ∆
[distance between parallel sides] 1 1
_ (b)1. Given, ABCD is a parallelogram. X ∆AMD = area of ABCD ...(i) ABM’ is always equal to area ∴ OC = AC
In ∆ABC, 2
∠ALD = ∠BMC [each 90°] and Y are mid-points of BC and AD, of ∆DCM, if AB = CD. 2
AB2 + BC 2 − AC 2 [since, both are between same
cos B = ∆ALD ≅ ∆BMC respectively. M and N are the A B
2 AB. BC mid-points of AB and CD, parallels and in same base] 2. Half of area of ∆ABM is equal
[by RHS congruence criterion] to one-eighth of area of
(2 x )2 + ( x )2 − AC 2 respectively. A B
cos 120º = ⇒ ∠ DAL = ∠CBM N trapezium ABCD, if AB = CD.
2(2 x ) ( x ) D C O R
[by CPCT] ...(i) Which of the above Q
1 5x 2 − AC 2
− = Since, AB|| CD M statement(s) is/are correct?
2 4x 2 Y X
⇒ ∠ DAL + ∠ADC = 180° (a) Only 1 D C
Q cos 120º = − sin 30º = −1 P
[sum of adjacent (b) Only 2
 2  D C Now, in ∆CBD, P and R are mid-points
interior angles is supplementary] A B (c) Both 1 and 2
Now, area of ∆ABM + area of of DC and BC.
−2 x 2 − 5x 2 = − AC 2 ⇒ ∠CBM + ∠ADC = 180°
M
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Now, join AC. 1 ∴ PR || BD or PQ || DO and RQ || BO
AC = 7x ∆DCM = area of ABCD
[from Eq. (i)] In ∆ ABC, M and X are mid-points 2 _ (c) 1. If AB = CD, then ABCD is a Now, in ∆OCD, PQ || OD
−2 x 2 − 5x 2 = − AC 2 parallelogram.
⇒ ABCD is a cyclic trapezium. of AB and BC. [Q M is the mid-point of BC] So, Q is mid-point of OC.
AC = 7x ∴ 1
II. Given, the chord of the circle is MX || AC Q Area of ∆ABM = Area of ∆DCM Area of ∆ADM = Area of ABCD
∴ CQ = OC =  AC  = AC
1 1 1 1
In ∆ADB, equal to its radius. 1 2
and MX = AC ...(i) 1
⇒ 2 Area of ∆DCM = Area of 2 2 2  4
AB + AD − BD
2 2 2
AB = BC = AC 2 [since, both are in same base
cos A = i.e. 2
2 AB. AD In ∆ADC, Y and N are mid-points ABCD
and between same parallels] 33. Bisectors of two adjacent angles
∴ ∆ABC is a equilateral triangle. of AD and CD. ⇒ Area of ∆ADM − Area of ∆ABM
(2 x )2 + x 2 − BD 2 ⇒ Area of A and B of a quadrilateral
cos 60º = i.e. each angle is 60°. 1
∴ YN || AC and YN = AC ...(ii) 1 1
2 × 2 x. x 1 = Area of ABCD − ABCD intersect each other at a
D 2 ∆DCM = Area of ABCD ...(ii) 2 4
1 5x 2 − BD 2 From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 4 1 point P. Which one of the
= Area of ABCD = Area of ABCD
2 4x 2 MX || YN On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 4 following is correct?
2 x 2 − 5x 2 = − BD 2 So, statement 1 is not correct. Area of ∆AMD + Area of = Area of ∆DCM (a) 2 ∠APB = ∠C + ∠D
1 (b) ∠APB = ∠C + ∠D
BD = 5x A 2. Obviously, straight lines AC , BD, XY ∆DCM = So, statement 1 is correct.
and MN meet at a point. 2 (c) ∠APB = 180° − ( ∠A + ∠B )
∴Required ratio 60° 1 2. Now, Area of ∆ABM + Area of
60° 60° So, statement 2 is correct. Area of ABCD + Area of 1 (d) ∠APB = 180° − ( ∠C + ∠D )
= AC : BD 4 ∆DCM = Area of ABCD
B C
= 7: 3 Directions (Q. Nos. 30-31) Read the 3 2 _ (a) Given, a quadrilateral ABCD, AP and
ABCD = Area of ABCD BP are bisectors of ∠A and ∠B,
following information carefully and 4 A B
28. Consider the following We know that, the angle respectively.
answer the given questions that So, statement 1 is correct.
statements subtended by an arc of a circle at D C
follow. 2. Now, ABCD is a trapezium.
I. If non-parallel sides of a the centre is double the angle M
trapezium are equal, then it is subtended by it at any point on ABCD is a trapezium, in which AB A B P
cyclic. the circumference of circle. is parallel to CD. Let M be the
∠A 60° mid-point of BC. D C
II. If the chord of a circle is equal ∴ ∠D = = = 30°
2 2 M A
to its radius, then the angle
30. Consider the following ⇒ 2 Area of B
subtended by this chord at 1
∆ABM =
∴ ∠APB = 180° −  ∠A + ∠B ...(i)
statements Area of ABCD 1 1
a point in major segment 2
is 30°. 2014 (II) 1. ‘Area of ∆ AMD + Area of ∆
D C
[Q area of ∆ABM = area
2 2 
DCM’ is equal to three-fourth ∴ Area of trapezium of ∆DCM ] Now, sum of all angles of a quadrilateral
Which of the above = Area of ∆DCM + Area of ∆ABM = 360°
29. Let ABCD be a parallelogram. of the area of trapezium ⇒ Area of ∆ ABM
statement(s) is/are correct? ABCD, if AB = CD. + Area of ∆AMD 1 ⇒ ∠A + ∠B + ∠C + ∠D = 360°
Let X and Y be the mid-points = Area of ABCD
(a) Only I ⇒ Area of ∆DCM + Area of ∆ABM 1 1 1 1 360°
of the sides BC and AD, 2. ‘Area of ∆ DCM + Area of ∆ 4 ⇒ ∠A + ∠B + ∠C + ∠D =
(b) Only II = Area of trapezium 1 2 2 2 2 2
(c) Both I and II respectively. Let M and N be ABM’ is always greater than ⇒ Area of ∆ABM
⇒ ∠C + ∠D = 180° −  ∠A + B

half of the area of trapezium ABCD − Area of ∆AMD 2 1 1 1 1
(d) Neither I nor II the mid-points of the sides AB 2
ABCD.
1
= Area of ABCD 2 2 2 
and CD, respectively. If AD = BC , then using Eq. (i),
8 1
we get ⇒ ( ∠C + ∠D ) = ∠APB [from Eq. (i)]
So, statement 2 is correct. 2
Area of ∆DCM + Area of ∆ABM
∴ ∠C + ∠D = 2 ∠APB
Quadrilateral and Polygon 175 176 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

36. In a trapezium, the two non- 38. Let ABCD be a parallelogram. 40. ABCD is a parallelogram. E is a m2 ∴ AC|| BD
2014 (I) parallel sides are equal in length, Let P, Q, R and S be the point on BC such that
=
( m + n)2 So, ABCD forms a trapezium.
each being of 5 cm. The parallel mid-points of sides AB, BC, CD BE : EC = m : n. If AE and DB  m 
2 Now, by property of trapezium
34. Two light rods AB = a + b and = diagonals intersect each other in the
sides are at a distance of 3 cm and DA, respectively. Consider intersect in F, then what is the 
CD = a − b symmetrically lying  ( m + n)  ratio of lengths of parallel sides.
apart. If the smaller side of the the following statements. ratio of the area of ∆FEB to the
on a horizontal AB. There are AE CE
parallel sides is of length 2 cm, I. Area of ∆APS < Area of ∆DSR, area of ∆AFD? 41. AB is a straight line, C and D ∴ =
kept intact by two strings AC ED BE
and BD. The perpendicular
then the sum of the diagonals of if BD < AC. (a) m / n (b) ( m / n)2 are points on the same side of AE CE
the trapezium is II. Area of ∆ABC = 4 (c) ( n / m)2 (d) [m / ( m + n)]2 AB such that AC is ⇒ =
distance between rods is a. The AD − AE BC − CE
length of AC is given by
(a) 10 5 cm (b) 6 5 cm (Area of ∆BPQ). _ (d) In ∆AFD and ∆BFE, perpendicular to AB and DB is AD − AE BC − CE
(c) 5 5 cm (d) 3 5 cm perpendicular to AB Let AD ⇒ =
(a) a (b) b Select the correct answer using D C AE CE
the codes given below. and BC meet at E. What is
(c) a 2 − b 2 (d) a 2 + b 2 _ (b) In ∆BCF, by Pythagoras theorem, nx AE BE ⇒
AD
−1=
BC
−1
( 5) = ( 3) + ( BF )
2 2 2
(a) Only I (b) Only II
E
+ equal to? AE CE
_ (d) Since, they are symmetrically lying on ⇒ BF = 4 cm (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II F AD BC AD BC
horizontal plane. (a) 2 (b) 1.5 ⇒ =
∴ AB = 2 + 4 + 4 = 10 cm _ (b) Area of ∆APS = Area of ∆DSR
mx AE CE
A (c) 1 (d) None of these
2 cm AE CE
x D C R A ∴ = …(i)
C D C B _ (c) Since, AB is a straight line and C and AD BC
E ∠AFD = ∠BFE D are points such that AC ⊥ AB and BD AE BE CE BE
[vertically opposite angles] ⊥ AB. Now, + = +
5 cm 5 cm AD BC BC BC
a+b a−b a−b
3 cm S Q and ∠ADF = ∠FBE D
[from Eq. (i)]
[alternate angles] C
CE + BE
A B ∴ ∆AFD ~ ∆BFE =
F A B P BC
D E F [by AA criteria]
x 4cm 2 cm 4cm BC
Q AS = SD and AP = DR ar ( ∆FEB) EB2 = [Q BC = CE + BE ]
= E BC
B a Now in ∆ACF, AC 2 = CF 2 + FA 2 So,
∴ ar ( ∆ABC ) = 4 ar ( ∆BPQ ) ar ( ∆AFD ) AD 2
=1
∴ AC = BD ⇒ AC 2 = 3 2 + 6 2
Hence, only statement II is correct. mx 2
∴ AE = BF = x [say] AC = 45 cm = A B
Similarly, BD = 45 cm 39. Consider the following ( mx + nx )2
Now, AB = ( a − b ) + 2 x
i.e. a + b = a − b + 2x ∴ Sum of diagonal = 2 × 45 statements
⇒ 2b = 2x = 2 × 3 5 = 6 5 cm I. Let ABCD be a parallelogram
∴ x=b which is not a rectangle.
37. The area of a rectangle lies
Now in ∆ACE, Then, 2 ( AB2 + BC2 )
between 40 cm2 and 45 cm2 . If
x + a = AC 2
2 2
one of the sides is 5 cm, then its ≠ AC2 + BD2
⇒ AC 2 = b 2 + a 2 diagonal lies between II. If ABCD is a rhombus with
⇒ AC = b 2 + a2 (a) 8 cm and 10 cm AB = 4 cm, then
(b) 9 cm and 11 cm AC2 + BD2 = n3 for some
35. If PQRS is a rectangle such (c) 10 cm and 12 cm positive integer n.
PQ = 3 QR. Then, what is (d) 11 cm and 13 cm
Which of the above
∠PRS equal to?
_ (b) Area of rectangle lies between statement(s) is/are correct?
(a) 60° (b) 45° (c) 30° (d) 15° 40 cm2 and 45 cm2. (a) Only I (b) Only II
_ (c) In rectangle PQRS, PQ || RS Now, one side = 5 cm (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
Since, area cannot be less than 40 cm2.
S R
∴ Other side cannot be less than
_ (b) I. If ABCD is a parallelogram, then
40 AC 2 + BD 2 = 2 ( AB2 + BC 2 )
= = 8 cm
5 D C
Since, area cannot be greater than
2
45 cm .
O
∴ Other side cannot be greater than
P Q
√3 QR =
45
= 9 cm A B
5
∴ ∠RPQ = ∠PRS II. ABCD is a rhombus and diagonals
∴ Minimum value of diagonal
[alternate interior angles] …(i) AC and BD bisect each other.
= 82 + 52 = 89 = 9.43 cm
Now in ∆PQR, tan ∠QPR =
RQ ∴ AO = OC and OB = OD
PQ Maximum value of diagonal In ∆AOB, AB2 = AO 2 + OB2
QR = 9 + 5 = 106
2 2
⇒ tan ∠QPR = 2 2
( 4)2 = 
AC   BD 
3 QR  +  
= 10.3 cm  2   2 
⇒ ∠QPR = 30°
So, diagonal lies between 9 cm and ∴ AC 2 + BD 2 = 64 = ( 4)3 i.e., n3
∴ ∠PRS = 30° [from Eq. (i)] 11 cm.
 178 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

In ∆AOD, In ∆COE, _ (c) Two equal circles intersect such that

( AO )2 = ( AD)2 + (OD)2 (CO )2 = (OE )2 + (CE )2 each passes through the centre of the 2018 (II)
(10 )2 = ( 8 )2 + OD2 (10 )2 = (OE )2 + ( 6 )2 other.
OD2 = 100 − 64 OE = 100 − 36 A 7. The chord of a circle is 3 times

25 OD = 36
OD = 6 cm

DE = OE − OD
= 8 − 6 = 2 cm
OE = 8 cm

The distance between two chords O1

R

R/2 D O
R/2 2
its radius. The angle subtended
by this chord at the minor arc is
k times the angle subtended at
the major arc. What is the value
of k ?
(a) 5 (b) 2
4. In a circle of radius 8 cm, AB B

CIRCLE
(c) 1/2 (d) 1/5
and AC are two chords such
Radius of circles = R _ (b)
that AB = AC = 12 cm. What is C
the length of chord BC ? AB is common chord = 10 3 cm
AB 10 3 θ
(a) 2 6 cm (b) 3 6 cm AD = = = 5 3 cm
2 2 r r
(c) 3 7 cm (d) 6 7 cm O
In ∆AO1D, A B
CD at F, where EB = 25 cm and _ (b) Radius of circle = 10 cm √3 r
2019 (II) FC = 16 cm, then what is the Length of chords = 12 cm and 16 cm
_ (d) In a circle, (O1 A )2 = (O1D )2 + ( AD )2
Radius = 8 cm 2 kθ
R 2 =   + ( 5 3 )2
diameter of the circle? R
If chords opposite side from centre. AB = AC = 12 cm
1. A line segment AB is the 2 D
(a) 16 cm (b) 25 cm O is centre of circle.
diameter of a circle with centre AB and AC are chords of circle.
(c) 36 cm (d) 40 cm R2
at O having radius 6.5 cm. Point B R2 − = 25 × 3 O is center of circle.
4
P is in the plane of the circle _ (d) A E G B A 6 D 6
B In ∆ABO,
3R 2
such that AP = x and BP = y. In = 25 × 3 Cosine rule
12 8 4
which one of the following cases O AO 2 + OB2 − AB2
R = 25 × 4 cos ∠AOB =
the point P does not lie on the 10 A O 2( AO ) (OB)
r T R = 10 cm
circle? C F 12
E r 2 + r 2 − ( 3r )2
8 E 8 Then, diameter of circle cos ∠AOB =
(a) x = 6.5 cm and y = 6.5 cm 2 r. r
= 2 R = 2 × 10 = 20 cm
(b) x = 12 cm and y = 5 cm
D C Option (c) is correct. [ AO = OB = r, radius of circle]
(c) x = 5 cm and y = 12 cm F
AB and CD are two chords 12 cm and C
(d) x = 0 cm and y = 13 cm Alternate Method 2 r 2 − 3r 2
ABCD, is trapezium in which AB is 16 cm, respectively. cos ∠AOB =
AO = 8 cm is also radius We know that, Length of common chord 2r2
_ (a) parallel to CD. Let BC touches circle In ∆AOD, 12 + 8 + 8 28
P at T. s= = = 14 cm = 3r 1
AO = 10 cm [radius of circle] 2 2 cos ∠AOB = −
FC = CT = 16 cm AD = 6 cm 10 3 = 3r 2
x y Area of ∆ABO = s( s − a ) ( s − b ) ( s − c )
EB = BT = 25 cm [tangent of circle] ( AO )2 = ( AD)2 + (OD)2(10 )2 = ( 6 )2 + (OD)2 Diameter of circle = 2 × 10 = 20 cm ∠AOB = 120º
BC = CT + BT = 16 + 25 = 41 = 14 × (14 − 12 )(14 − 8 )(14 − 8 ) 1
A B (10)2 − ( 6)2 = OD 2 6. Consider the following Then, ∠ACB = ∠AOB
6.5 O 6.5 Let radius of the circle is r, = 14 × 2 × 6 × 6 2
100 − 36 = OD statements.
∆CGB, is right angled triangle, 1
OD = 8 cm = 12 7 cm2 I. The number of circles that can ∠ACB = θ = × 120º = 60º …(i)
From Pythagoras theorem, 2
In ∆CEO, (CO )2 = (CE )2 + (OE )2 BE is height of ∆BAO be drawn through three
CB2 = CG 2 + BG 2 ∠ADB + ∠ACB = 180º
Circle with centre O having AB as a (10)2 = ( 8)2 + (OE )2 1 non-collinear points is infinity.
Here, CB = 2 r, BC = 41 Area of ∆ABO = × BE × AO [cyclic quadrilateral’s opposite angle]
diameter. 100 − 64 = OE 2 II. Angle formed in minor
BG = BE − FC = 25 − 16 = 9 segment of a circle is acute. ∠ADB = 120º …(ii)
We know that, diameter create 90° angle OE = 6 cm 1
412 = (2 r )2 + 9 2 12 7 = × BE × 8
on the circumference of the circle. Distance between two chords 2 Which of the above statements kθ = 120º [Q ∠ADB = kθ]
∴ x 2 + y 2 = 13 2 (2 r )2 = 412 − 9 2 ( DE ) = DO + OE = 8 + 6= 14 cm BE = 3 7 cm is/are correct? k=
120º
= 2 [Qθ = 60°]
x 2 + y 2 = 169 4r 2 = 50 × 32 If both chords are in same side from Length of BC = 2 × BE (a) I only 60º
Now, by putting option we can get the ∴ r = 20 cm centre. = 2 × 3 7 = 6 7 cm (b) II only
required answer, Diameter of the circle = 2 × 20 = 40 cm (c) Both I and II 8. If a point P moves such that the
On putting option (a) 5. Two equal circles intersect such sum of the squares of its
(d) Neither I nor II
x = 6.5, y = 6.5 that each passes through the distances from two fixed points
⇒ ( 6.5)2 + ( 6.5)2 = 169 2019 (I) centre of the other. If the length _ (d) I. Only one circle can be drawn from
three non-collinear points. A and B is a constant, then the
⇒ 42.25 + 42.25 = 169 O of the common chord of the locus of the point P is
circles is 10 3 cm, then what is II. (i) Angle formed in minor segment of a
⇒ 84.50 ≠ 169 3. If the lengths of two parallel 10
(a) a straight line
D circle is obtuse.
So, option (a) cannot be possible. chords in a circle of radius A 10 B the diameter of the circle? (b) a circle
8 8 (ii) Angle formed in major segment of
2. Consider a trapezium ABCD, in 10 cm are 12 cm and 16 cm, C 6 E 6 F (a) 10 cm (b) 15 cm
a circle is acute. (c) perpendicular bisector of AB
then what is the distance (c) 20 cm (d) 30 cm (d) an arbitrary curve
which AB is parallel to CD and Then, Option (d) is correct.
AD is perpendicular to AB. If between these two chords?
O is centre of circle.
the trapezium has an incircle (a) 1 cm or 7 cm (b) 2 cm or 14 cm
AB = 16 cm
(c) 3 cm or 21 cm (d) 4 cm or 28 cm
which touches AB at E and CD CD = 12 cm
Circle 179 180 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

_ (b) Given, PA + PB = Constant

2 2 ∠CAD = ∠CBD According to the question, _ (b) A
_ (d) Similarly, in ∆OND,
[angle on same segment] r1 < r2 < r3 < ..... rn − 1 r 2 = x 2 + 25 ...(ii)
P (x, y) ∴∠CAD = 70° r
pm = m +1
C On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get x = 2
∴∠BAD = ∠BAC + ∠CAD Now, O 50° X
= 30° + 70° = 100°
rm O r 2 = (2 )2 + 25
13 c
∠BAD + ∠BCD = 180° ⇒ pm > 1 [Q rm +1 > rm ] m r 2 = 29 ⇒ r = 29 cm
B A C
A (x1, y1) B (x2, y2) [ ABCD is cycle quadrilateral] From m = 1, 2, 3, when rm increases, P 19. The distance between the
∴∠BCD = 180° − ∠BAD then pm decreases. Let ‘O’ be the center of the circle. M
centres of two circles having
∴ ( x − x 1 ) + ( y − y1 ) + ( x − x 2 )
2 2 2
= 180° − 100° = 80° ∴ ∠ AOB = 360° − ( 90° + 90° + 50° ) D B
13.The radii of two circles are radii 9 cm and 4 cm is 13 cm.
+ ( y − y2 )2 = Constant = 360° − 230° = 130° AB = CD = 10 cm
11. In the figure given below, AB is 4.5 cm and 3.5 cm respectively. ∠AOB 130°
What is the length of the direct
⇒ 2( x 2 + y 2 ) − 2 x ( x 1 + x 2 ) the diameter of the circle whose ∠ACB = = = 65° OC = 13 cm
The distance between the common tangent of these
− 2 y( y1 + y2 ) + x 12 + x 22 + y12 + y22 centre is at O. Given that
2 2 ∴ OM ⊥ AB circles?
centres of the circles is 10 cm.
= Constant ∠ECD = ∠EDC = 32º, then 16. In the figure given below, SPT is 1
AM = AB
What is the length of the (a) 12 cm (b) 11 cm
Which represents the locus circle. ∠CEF and ∠COF respectively transverse common tangent?
a tangent to the circle at P and 2
(c) 10 cm (d) 9.5cm
are O is the centre of the circle. 1
9. In the figure given below, the (a) 4 cm (b) 5 cm (c) 6 cm (d) 7 cm AM = MB = × 10 = 5 cm
If ∠QPT = α, then what is 2 _ (a) We have,
radius of the circle is 6 cm and F Q
C _ (c) ∠POQ equal to? AM = 5 cm 5
AT = 4 cm. The length of P
In ∆ OMA, M
r1 R
tangent PT is P 4
P C
OM 2 = OA 2 − AM 2
A B 4
O E A B
r2 O = (13)2 − ( 5)2 4
9
Q A
T D S Q = 169 − 25 = 144
O A
α OM = 12 cm AP = 4 cm
(a) 32 º, 64º (b) 64º, 64º r1 = 4.5 cm, r2 = 3.5 cm S P T BQ = 9 cm
(c) 32 º, 32 º (d) 64º, 32 º AC = 10 cm In ∆ OMP,
(a) 6 cm (b) 8 cm (a) α (b) 2α AB = 13 cm
PQ and RS are transverse common OP 2 = OM 2 + MP 2
(c) 9 cm (d) 10 cm _ (b) Given, ∠ECD = ∠EDC = 32 º (c) 90° − α (d) 180° − 2α QM = BQ − MB = 9 − 4 = 5 cm
∠CEF = ∠ECD + ∠EDC tangents. OP = (12 )2 + ( 5 − 3)2
_ (b) AB = PM = 13 cm
_ (b) Here, OP = 6 cm [exterior angle of ∆ is sum of PQ 2 = RS 2 = d 2 − ( r1 + r2 )2
OT = OA + AT = 6 + 4 = 10 cm = 144 + 4 In ∆PQM, PQ 2 = PM 2 − QM 2
interior opposite angle] PQ = (10) − ( 4.5 + 3.5)
2 2 2
∴ PT 2 = OT 2 − OP 2 90°–α PQ 2 = 13 2 − 5 2
∴∠CEF = 32 º + 32 º = 64º PQ 2 = 100 − 8 2 O = 148 = 2 37 cm
P Q = 169 − 25 = 144
∠COF = 2 ∠CDF = 2( 32 º ) = 64º PQ 2 = 100 − 64 PQ = 12 cm
⇒ PQ 2 = 36
2017 (II)

–α
6

°
Alternate Method

90
PQ = 6 cm α
O 6 A 4 T
2018 (I) ⇒ PQ = RS = 6 cm S P T
Here, d = 13 cm, r1 = 9 cm, r2 = 4 cm
18. AB and CD are parallel Length of common tangent
14. The locus of the mid-points of ∠QPT = α [given]
12. A region of area A bounded by a Now,Q SPT is a tangent,
chords of a circle 3 cm apart. If = d 2 − ( r1 − r2 )2
circle C is divided into n regions, the radii of length 16 cm of a AB = 4 cm, CD = 10 cm, then
⇒ PT = (10) − ( 6) 2 2
circle is ∴ ∠OPT = 90° = 13 2 − ( 9 − 4)2
A what is the radius of the circle?
each of area , by drawing and ∠OPQ = 90° − α
⇒ 100 − 36 = 64 = 8 cm n (a) A concentric circle of radius 8 cm = 169 − 25
In ∆OPQ, OP = OQ = radius of circle (a) 7 cm (b) 19 cm
circles of radii r1, r2 , r3 ,...., rn − 1 (b) A concentric circle of radius 16 cm
∴ ∠OQP = 90° − α (c) 29 cm (d) 14 cm = 144 = 12 cm
10. In the figure given below, what
such that r1 < r2 < r3 < K rn − 1 (c) The diameter of the circle
Now, sum of angles of a triangle = 180°
is ∠BCD equal to? (d) A straight line passing through the _ (c) We have,
concentric with the circle C. If ∴ ∠POQ = 180° − 2( 90° − α )
D rm + 1 centre of the circle
= 180° − 180° + 2α
AB and CD are parallel chord of circle 2017 (I)
pm = , _ (a) The locus of mid-points of the radii of
3 cm a part
rm ∴ ∠POQ = 2α
a circle would also be a circle with same A M 2 B 20. Two parallel chords of a circle
where m = 1, 2, 3, ……, (n − 2), centre, but half the radius. 17. In the figure given below, two
3N 5 r whose diameter is 13 cm are
then which one of the following ∴It is a concentric circle of radius 8 cm. equal chords cut at point P. If C D
C respectively 5 cm and 12 cm in
A 30º is correct? AB = CD = 10 cm, OC = 13 cm x
r
70º 15. In the figure given below, XA (O is the centre of the circle) length. If both the chords are on
(a) p increases as m increases O
and XB are two tangents to a and PB = 3 cm, then what is the the same side of the diameter,
B (b) p decreases as m increases
(c) p remains constant as m increases circle. If ∠AXB = 50 ° and AC is length of OP ? then the distance between these
(a) 70º (b) 75º (c) 80º (d) 90º parallel to XB, then what is chords is
(d) p increases for some values of m
_ (c) ∠CAD = ∠CBD as m increases and then decreases ∠ACB equal to ? (a) 5.5 cm(b) 5 cm (c) 3.5 cm(d) 3 cm
thereafter AB = 4, CD = 10
D A
1 _ (c)
_ (b)
O ∴ MB = AB = 2
2
C 1
50° X ∴ ND = CD = 5 O
r3
C 2
P
A 30º r1 r2 A C In ∆OMB, OB2 = OM 2 + MB2 A B
70º B M
D B = (ON + MN )2 + ( MB)2 C N D
B r10 (a) 70° (b) 65° (c) 60° (d) 55° (a) 5 cm (b) 6 cm ⇒ r 2 = ( x + 3)2 + 4 ...(i)
(c) 2 29 cm (d) 2 37 cm
Circle 181 182 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

Since, AB and CD are parallel, then OM Now, AP = AO + OP 26. If a square of side x and an Since, angle of the elevation of the top In ∆OMP,
and ON are perpendicular to AB and CD 2016 (II) = ( 3 + 8 ) cm equilateral triangle of side y are of the pole are same from each corner
OP 2 = PM 2 + OM 2
respectively. of ∆ABC.
[Q AO = radius] inscribed in a circle, then what
We have, ∴In ∆AOP, ⇒ OM = 48 − 24 = 24 cm
22. ABCDA is a con-cyclic Also, BP = BO − OP is the ratio of x to y?
AB = 12 cm ⇒ AM = AB = 6 cm
1 OP So, OM = PM = 24 cm
quadrilateral of a circle ABCD = ( 3 − 8 ) cm 2 3 tan α = ...(i)
2
with radius r and centre at O. If [Q BO = radius]
(a) (b) OA ∴ ∠OPM = ∠POM = 45°
1 3 2
CD = 5 cm ⇒ CN = CD = 2.5 cm AB is the diameter and CD is ∴ Required ratio = 3 + 8 : 3 − 8 In ∆BOP, Now, ∠QPD = 90° + ∠OPM
2 3 2
(c) (d) OP
parallel and half of AB and if 2 3 tan β = ...(ii) = 90° + 45° = 135°
1 24. If a quadrilateral has an
and OA = OC = × 13 = 6.5 cm the circle completes one rotation OB
Hence, Statement I is correct.
2 inscribed circle, then the sum of In ∆COP,
about the centre O, then the _ (a) Let r be the radius of the circle with II. Now, if CP = m and PD = n, then
Now, in ∆OAM, a pair of opposite sides equals centre O. OP
locus of the middle point of CD tan γ = ...(iii) QP × PR = CP × PD
OM = OA 2 − AM 2
2
(a) half the sum of the diagonals A
OC
is a circle of radius. ⇒ 1× 1= m × n
= 6.5 2 − 6 2 = 625
. (b) sum of the other pair of opposite P x Q α =β = γ
3r 2r 2 3r 3r
Q ⇒ mn = 1 ...(i)
⇒ OM = 2.5 cm (a) (b) (c) (d) sides y y ∴ OA = OB = OC
2 3 3 2 O
Again, in ∆OCN, (c) sum of two adjacent sides x O x O Hence, O is the circumcentre of ∆ABC.
ON 2 = OC 2 − CN 2 _ (d) Given, AB is the diameter of circle. (d) None of the above
Option (b) is correct.
= 6.5 2 − 2.5 2 = 36 ∴ AB = 2 r √24 cm
r
_ (b) Let ABCD be the quadrilateral, which S x R
B D C
⇒ ON = 6 cm has an inscribed circle.
∴Distance between AB and CD = MN
D M C A E B
In ∆ABC, AD is the median of equilateral 2016 (I)
= ON − OM triangle. C M
3 3
r

= 6 − 2.5 = 3.5 cm ∴ AD = AB = y 28. Consider a circle with centre at In ∆OMC,

A B 2 2
O r H F O and radius 7 cm. Let QR be a CM = 49 − 24 = 5 cm
21. In the figure given below, D is Centre of circumcircle of equilateral chord of length 2 cm and let P and CM = CP + PM = m + 24
the diameter of each circle. triangle divide the median into the ratio be the mid-point of QR. Let CD ⇒ m+ 24 = 5
What is the diameter of the 2 : 1.
be another chord of this circle
shaded circle? 2 2 3 ⇒ m = 5 − 24
Since, CD is parallel and half of AB.
D G C ∴ AO = r = × AD = × y passing through P such that
3 3 2 Now, PD = PM + MD = PM + CM
1 Now, AE = AH …(i) ∠CPQ is acute. If M is the mid-
∴ CD = AB = r BE = BF …(ii) ⇒ r=
y
… (i) point of CD and MP = 24 cm, = 24 + 5
2 3 n = 5 + 24
DG = DH …(iii) then which of the following
Let M be the mid-point of CD.
In the first figure, PQRS is a square ∴ m + n = 10 ...(ii)
CD r CG = CF …(iv) statements are correct ? From Eqs.(i) and (ii), m and n are
Then, CM = = inscribed in a circle.
2 2 [Q tangents from same point on the I. ∠QPD = 135 ° roots of equation
circle are equal in lengths] Diagonal of square = 2 x = 2 r
By Pythagoras theorem, x II. If CP = m cm and PD = n cm, x 2 − 10x + 1 = 0
2 On adding Eqs. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), ⇒ r= …(ii) then m and n are the roots of
(a) D ( 2 − 1) (b) D ( 2 + 1)
r 2 −  
r 3 we get 2 Hence, Statement II is correct.
OM = = r the quadratic equation
(c) D ( 2 + 2 ) (d) D (2 − 2 ) 2 2 AE + BE + DG + CG From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get III. Now,
x2 − 10 x + 1 = 0. 1
= AH + BF + DH + CF y x × OP × PR
_ (a) Let P, Q, R and S be the centres of the Hence, the locus of mid-point of CD, i.e. = III. The ratio of the area of ∆OPR Area of ∆OPR 2
outer four circles. Whose diameter is D ⇒ AB + DC = AD + BC 3 2 =
M is a circle of radius 3 r. to the area of Area of ∆OMP 1
from figure, it is clear that 2 Hence, sum of a pair of opposite sides x 2 × OM × PM
D D ∴ = ∆OMP is 1 : 2 2 . 2
+ =D 23. In a circle of radius 3 units, a is equal to sum of the another pair of y 3
4 3 ×1
2 2 opposite sides. Select the correct answer using =
QR = D
diameter AB intersects a chord 27. A pole stands vertically inside a 24 × 24
Similarly, the codes given below.
of length 2 units perpendicular 25. If two tangents inclined at an triangular park ABC. If the 4 3 3 1
Again, Let d be the diameter of the (a) I and II (b) II and III = = =
shaded circle. at P. If AP > BP, then what is angle 60° are drawn to a circle of angle of elevation of the top of 24 6
(c) I and III (d) I,II and III 2 3
D D the ratio of AP to BP? radius 3 cm, then what is the the pole from each corner of the
∴ PR = + d + = D+d …(i) Hence, Statement III is incorrect.
2 2 (a) 3 + 10 : 3 − 10 length of each tangent? park is same, then in the _ (a) We have, MP = 24 cm,
(b) 3 + 8 : 3 − 8 (a) 3 3 cm (b) 3 cm OQ = OR = 7 cm 29. Consider a circle with centre at
triangle ABC, the foot of the QR 2
P Q (c) 3 + 3 : 3 − 3 (c) 6 cm (d) 2 2 cm pole is at the and QP = PR = = =1 C. Let OP, OQ denote
2 2 respectively the tangents to the
(d) 3 : 3
_ (a) In ∆AOC, (a) centroid (b) circumcentre
circle drawn from a point O
_ (b) In ∆OPC, C (c) incentre (d) orthocentre
outside the circle. Let R be a
S R OP = ( 3)2 − (1)2 = 9−1= 8 _ (b) Let OP be the pole inside the ∆ABC,
3 cm
O point on OP and S be a point on
P
A A
30º
O OQ such that
30º A
Since, ∆PQR is a right angled triangle α
D OR × SQ = OS × RP. Which of
3 cm
∴ PR 2 = PQ 2 + QR 2 M the following statements is/are
Q P R
( PR )2 = D 2 + D 2 B C
correct?
O
PR 2 = 2 D 2 3 tan 30° =
OC
⇒
1
=
3 I. If X is the circle with centre at
√8 AC AC O I. In ∆OPQ, O and radius OR and Y is the
PR = 2 D 3
1 P 1 β γ circle with centre at O and
D + d = 2D [by Eq. (i)] C D ∴ AC = 3 3 OP = OQ 2 − QP 2
Hence, the length of each tangent is = 49 − 1 = 48 = 4 3 cm
radius OS, then X = Y .
d = 2 D−D B B C
3 3 cm.
d = D( 2 − 1)
Circle 183 184 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

II. ∠POC + ∠QCO = 90 ° Which of the following _ (c) Since, OP is tangent to the circle Since, ∠A + ∠C = 180° 35. Chord CD intersects the Here, O is centre of circle.
statements are not correct? OP ⊥ PC . [property of cyclic quadrilateral] diameter AB of a circle at right ∴ OA = OD = OB
Select the correct answer using
I. ∆A′ P′ B′ and ∆C′ Q′ D′ are ⇒ 60° + ∠C = 180° angle at a point P in the ratio 34
the codes given below. 4 P = = 17 cm [radius of circle]
similar triangles but need not O ⇒ ∠C = 180° − 60° = 120° 1:2. If diameter of circle is d, 2
(a) Only I In ∆OAC,
be congruent. 3 In ∆ABD, let BD be x cm. then CD is equal to
(b) Only II
II. ∆A′ P′ B′ and ∆C′ Q′ D′ are AB2 + AD 2 − BD 2 2d 2d OC = OA 2 − AC 2
(c) Both I and II C cos A = (a) (b)
(d) Neither I nor II congruent triangles. 2 × AD × AB 3 3 = 17 2 − 15 2 = 8
III. ∆A′ P′ B′ and ∆C′ Q′ D′ are 2 2 + 52 − x 2 2 2d 2 3d
_ (c) In the given figure, OP and OQ are cos 60° = (c) (d) Q AC = 1 AB = 15
triangles of same area. Here, ∆OPC is right angled triangle with 2 ×2 × 5 3 3  
tangents to the circle with centre C. 2
IV. ∆A′ P′ B′ and ∆C′ Q′ D′ are ∠P = 90°
triangles of same perimeter. ⇒
1 4 + 25 − x 2
= _ (c) Given, AB = d is diameter of circle Hence, distance of AB from the centre
P and CD intersect AB at P in the ratio 1 : 2.
R OC = ( 3)2 + ( 4)2 = 5 units 2 2 ×2 × 5 of the circle is 8 cm.
Select the correct answer using d 2d
3 ⇒ 29 − x 2 = 10 ∴ AP = and PB =
x 1 the codes given below. ∴ sin( ∠COP ) = 3 3 37. If the angle between the radii of
C O 5 ⇒ x 2 = 29 − 10 d a circle is 130°, then the angle
x (a) II and III ⇒ OA = OC = OB =
32. In a circle of radius 2 units, a ⇒ x 2 = 19 2 between the tangents at the
S (b) I and III
Q (c) I, II and IV diameter AB intersects a chord Let length of fourth side of cyclic Q radius of circle = 1 diameter  ends of the radii is
 
quadrilateral be y cm.
(d) I, II, III and IV of length 2 units perpend- 2 (a) 90° (b) 70°
Then, OP = OQ Again, in ∆BCD,
icularly at P. If AP > BP, then C (c) 50° (d) 40°
and ∠CPO = ∠CQO = 90° _ (b) From the given circle, 32 + y2 − x 2
AP × BP = CP × PD …(i) AP is equal to cos 120° =
I. We have, OR × SQ = OS × RP 2 ×3× y _ (c) Given, AB and AC are the tangents
(a) (2 + 5 ) units d of the circle.
⇒ (OP − RP ) × SQ = (OQ − SQ ) (b) (2 + 3 ) units [by cosine formula] A
P
B
1 : 2 O Q OB = OC [radius of circle]
× PR (c) (2 + 2 ) units 1 9 + y 2 − 19
D ⇒ − = [Q x 2 = 19] ∴ ∠B = ∠C = 90°
⇒ (OP − RP ) × SQ = (OP − SQ ) (d) 3 units 2 2 ×3× y
B
× PR P _ (b) Given, radius of a circle = 2 units ⇒ − 3 y = 9 + y 2 − 19
D
A B In ∆OPC,
OP × SQ − RP × SQ = OP × PR CD 2 ⇒ y 2 + 3 y − 10 = 0
∴ CP = PD = = = 1 unit d d d 130°
− SQ × PR C 2 2 ⇒ y 2 + 5 y − 2 y − 10 = 0 OP = OA − AP = − = A O
⇒ SQ = PR 2 3 6
Let ∆A ′ P ′ B′ and ∆C ′ Q ′ D ′ are C ⇒ y( y + 5) − 2( y + 5) = 0
⇒ OR = OS On applying Pythagoras theorem in
congruent. ⇒ ( y + 5) ( y − 2 ) = 0 ∆OPC,
Hence, Statement I is correct. ⇒ y + 5 = 0 or y − 2 = 0 C
Then, A ′ P ′ = C ′ Q ′ and P ′ B′ = Q ′ D ′ OC 2 = OP 2 + PC 2
II. Q ∆OPC ≅ ∆OCQ A B ⇒ y=−5 2 2 In quadrilateral ABOC,
[by CPCT] P
⇒   =   + PC 2
In ∆OPC, 90° + x + ∠1 = 180° O d d
⇒ AP = CP and PB = DP …(ii)
[neglect ‘−’ sign]
2  6 ∠BAC + ∠BOC + ∠ABO + ∠ACO = 360°
⇒ x + ∠1 = 90° ∴ y = 2 cm
[Q A ′ P ′ = AP, C ′ Q ′ = CP, P ′ B′ ⇒ ∠BAC + 130° + 90° + 90° = 360°
⇒ D d 2 d 2 9d 2 − d 2 8d 2
= PB, Q ′ D ′ = DP, given] 34. ⇒ ( PC )2 = − = = ⇒ ∠BAC = 360°−130° − 90° − 90°
∠POC + ∠QCO = x + ∠1 = 90° A 4 36 36 36
Now, OP = OD 2 − PD 2 C = 50°
Hence, Statement II is correct. From Eq. (i), 2 2d 2d
AP × BP = CP × PD = 4 − 1 = 3 units ⇒ PC = = Hence, the angle between the tangents
30. Suppose chords AB and CD of a E P 6 3 at the ends of the radii is 50°.
⇒ CP × PD = CP × PD ∴ AP = AO + OP = (2 + 3 ) units
circle intersect at a point P 2 2d
[from Eq. (ii)] ∴ CD = 2 PC = 38. Out of two concentric circles, the
inside the circle. Two right B
D 3
angled ∆A′ P ′ B′ and ∆C ′ Q ′ D′ So, ∆A ′ P ′ B′ and ∆C ′ Q ′ D ′ are
congruent.
2015 (II) From an external point P,
diameter of the outer circle is
26 cm and the chord MN of
are formed as shown in the
figures below such that Let areas of ∆A ′ P ′ B′ and ∆C ′ Q ′ D ′ be
33. The two adjacent sides of a
tangents PA and PB are drawn 2015 (I) length 24 cm is tangent to the
A′ P ′ = AP, B′ P ′ = BP, same. to the circle as shown in the inner circle. The radius of the
1 1 cyclic quadrilateral are 2 cm and above figure. inner circle is
C ′ Q ′ = CP, D′ Q ′ = DP and ∴ × A ′ P ′ × P ′ B′ = × C ′ Q ′ × Q ′ D ′ 5 cm and the angle between 36. AD is the diameter of a
∠A′ P ′ B′ = 90 ° = ∠C ′ Q ′ D′. 2 2 CD is the tangent to the circle circle and AB is a chord. If (a) 5 cm (b) 6 cm
them is 60°. If the third side is
⇒ AP × PB = CP × PD at E. If AP = 16 cm, then the AD = 34 cm, AB = 30 cm, then (c) 8 cm (d) 10 cm
A′ 3 cm, then the fourth side is of
which is same as Eq. (i). length perimeter of the ∆PCD is the distance of AB from the _ (a) Given,
So, areas of ∆A ′ P ′ B′ and ∆C ′ Q ′ D ′ are (a) 2 cm (b) 3 cm (c) 4 cm (d) 5 cm equal to centre of the circle is MN = 24 cm
same. (a) 24 cm (b) 28 cm (c) 30 cm (d) 32 cm (a) 17 cm (b) 15 cm 26
_ (a) Let ABCD be cyclic quadrilateral. and AN = cm = 13 cm
Hence, Statements I and III are incorrect. (c) 13 cm (d) 8 cm 2
_ (d) Since, AP = BP; DE = BD
31. A tangent is drawn from an D
C
and AC = CE [tangent of circle] _ (d) Given, AD = 34cm
external point O to a circle of Q Perimeter of ∆PCD and AB = 30cm
P′ B′ 5 cm
radius 3 units at P such that = PC + PD + CD
C′ OP = 4 units. If C is the centre = PC + PD + CE + DE A 13
cm
B O
of the circle, then the sine of A 2cm = ( PC + CE ) + ( PD + DE ) A D
∠COP is = ( PC + CA ) + ( PD + BD ) M B N
(a) 4/5 (b) 3/4 in which ∠A = 60°, AB = 2 cm, = PA + PB = 2 PA
C 24 cm
(c) 3/5 (d) 1/2 AD = 5 cm = 2 × 16 = 32 cm
Q′ D′ B
Circle 185 186 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

Now, we draw a perpendicular bisector _ (c) Let OA = r be the inradius of circle. and ∠AZO = ∠AYO [each 90°] ∴ ∠CAD = ∠CDA I. PA × PD = PC × PB
from A to MN, which meets MN at B. 2014 (II) Then, circumradius = OB = 2 r ∴ ∆AZO ≅ ∆AYO =
120°
= 60° II. ∆ PAC and ∆ PDB are similar.
MN 2
Then, MB = BN = [by AAS congruency rule]
Select the correct answer using
2 40. If the chord of an arc of a circle Then, AZ = AY [by CPCT] So, ∆ACD is an equilateral triangle.
24 A the codes given below.
= = 12 cm is of length x, the height of the r Similarly, CX = CY Now, AD is a chord of circle, then
2 arc is y and the radius of the perpendicular from C on chord AD (a) Only I (b) Only II
O and BX = BZ (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
[Q perpendicular from centre to the bisect the chord.
circle is z. Then, which one of θ 2r Now, AB > BC
chord bisect the chord] θ AD x
the following is correct? B ⇒ AZ + ZB > BX + XC ∴ DF = AF = = _ (d) AB and CD are chords when
In right angled ∆ABN, 2 2 produced meet externally at P.
(a) y(2 z − y) = x 2 ⇒ AZ > XC [Q BX = ZB]
AN 2 = AB2 + BN 2 So, Statement I is incorrect and
(b) y(2 z − y) = 4x 2
⇒ 13 2 = AB2 + 12 2 If AB > BC , Statement II is correct. A
(c) 2 y(2 z − y) = x 2 We know that, inradius is the then AB + AZ > BC + XC
B
⇒ 169 = AB2 + 144
(d) 4 y(2 z − y) = x 2 perpendicular distance of centre O from
⇒ AB2 = 169 − 144 = 25 So, Statement I is incorrect and
⇒ AB = 5cm _ (d) Let O be the centre of circle and AB
side and circumradius OB bisect ∠B.
Again, let ∠ OBA = θ
Statement II is correct. 2014 (I) P

be the chord of an arc. D

∴ Radius of the inner circle is 5 cm. In right angled ∆OAB, 43. Let ABC be a triangle in which C
According to the question, 44. A circle of radius 10 cm has
39. A ∆ABC is inscribed in a circle. Length of chord AB = x , radius of circle OA r 1 ∠ACB = 60 ° and AC = x < BC.
sinθ = = ⇒ sinθ = = sin 30° an equilateral triangle inscribed
If sum of the squares of sides of OA = z OB 2 r 2 Let the circle with centre at C ∴ PB × PA = PD × PC
and radius x meet BC at D. Let in it. The length of the
the triangle is equal to twice the and height of an arc MN = y ∴ θ = 30° Now, as AC BD and ∆PAC is not
CF be the perpendicular drawn perpendicular drawn from the similar to ∆PDB.
square of the diameter, then Now, AM = MB =
x Then, ∠B = 2 × θ = 2 × 30° = 60°
2 from C meeting AD at F. centre to any side of the
sin2 A + sin2 B + sin2 C is equal to Hence, given triangle is an equilateral
triangle is 46. In a ∆ABC, AB = BC = CA. The
[since, perpendicular from the centre to triangle. Statement I ∆ ACD is isosceles ratio of the radius of the
(a) 2 (b) 3 a chord bisect the chord] (a) 2.5 3 cm
42. Let the incircle to a ∆ ABC but not equilateral. circumcircle to that of the
(c) 4 (d) None of these (b) 5 3 cm
touch BC, AC and AB Statement II DF = x / 2 (c) 10 3 cm incircle is
_ (a) Let sides of ∆ABC be a, b and c and respectively at the points X, Y Which one of the following is (d) None of the above (a) 2 : 1 (b) 3 : 1
radius of circle be R.
A O and Z . correct in respect of the above (c) 3 : 2 (d) None of these
z _ (d) Let a be the side of equilateral
M Statement I If AB > BC, then statements? triangle. _ (a) In ∆ABC, AB = BC = AC
c R
A B AB + AZ < BC + XC (a) Statements I and II are correct and Q Circumradius of equilateral triangle A
b
Statement II is the correct
O
R N Statement II AZ = AY =
a
R explanation of Statement I
Which one of the following is 3
B a C and OM = ON − MN = z − y (b) Statements I and II are correct and
correct in respect of the above a
[QON = z (radius) Statement II is not the correct 10 =
statements? explanation of Statement I 3
Q ∆ABC is inscribed in a circle. and MN = y]
(a) Statements I and II are correct and (c) Statement I is correct and a = 10 3
a b c
∴ R = = = In ∆OMA, OA 2 = OM 2 + AM 2 Statement II is the correct Statement II is incorrect Height of equilateral triangle B C
2 sin A 2 sin B 2 sinC (d) Statement I is incorrect and
[by Pythagoras theorem] explanation of Statement I 3 3
a b Statement II is correct = a= × 10 3
⇒ sin A = , sin B = 2 (b) Statements I and II are correct and 2 2
z2 = ( z − y)2 +   Hence, ∆ABC is equilateral triangle.
2R 2R x
⇒ Statement II is not the correct
c 2 _ (d) Given in ∆ABC, ∠ACB = 60° = 5 × 3 = 15 cm Let r be the radius of incircle and R be
and sinC = explanation of Statement I
and AC = x < BC
2R x2 (c) Statement I is correct and the radius of circumcircle.
According to the question, ⇒ z = z + y − 2 yz +
2 2 2
A Now, radius of incircle,
4 Statement II is incorrect
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = (2 R )2 × 2 2 (d) Statement I is incorrect and H
r=
Side
=
AB
x
⇒ 2 yz − y 2 = Statement II is correct F x
⇒ a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 8R 2 ...(i) 4
2 3 2 3
2
⇒ 4 (2 yz − y 2 ) = x 2 _ (d) In ∆AOZ and ∆AOY, and radius of circumcircle,
sin2 A + sin2 B + sin2 C = 
a  B C
Now,  A D x
R =
Side
=
AB
 2R  ⇒ 4 y (2 z − y) = x 2
2 2 3 3

+ 
b   c  So, length of perpendicular drawn from
 +   41. For a triangle, the radius of the centre = 15 − 10 = 5 cm So, the required ratio
 2R   2R  Z
Y
a 2
b 2
c 2 circumcircle is double the radius Since, the circle with centre at C and =
R
=
AB / 3
= + + 45. AB and CD are two chords of a
4R 2 4R 2 4R 2 of the inscribed circle, then O radius x meet BC at D. r AB / 2 3
which one of the following is ∴ CD = x = Radius
circle meeting externally at P. 2
a2 + b 2 + c 2 = = 2 :1
= [from Eq. (i)] B C Then, which of the following
4R 2 correct? X Now, in ∆ACD, 1
is/are correct?
8R 2 (a) The triangle is a right angled AO = OA [common] AC = CD = x
= =2 (b) The triangle is an isosceles
4R 2 ∠OAZ = ∠OAY
(c) The triangle is an equilateral [since, OA bisect ∠A ]
(d) None of the above
 188 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

982.8 − 875 = 35 p − 252 . p mn + ( n − m)m

_ (d) The data collected from published =
107.8 = 9.8 p thesis is not a primary data. n
107.8 Option (d) is correct. m( n + n − m)
p= = 11 =

26
9.8 n
8. The monthly expenditure of a
Option (c) is correct. 2 nm − m2 m2
person is ` 6000. The = = 2m −
5. Consider the following distribution of expenditure on n n
frequency distribution various items is as follows Option (a) is correct.

x f Item of expenditure Amount (in `) 10. Which one of the following

8 6 1. Food 2000 pairs is correctly matched?
5 4 (a) Median = Graphical location
6 5 2. Clothing 660
(b) Mean = Graphical location

STATISTICS
10 8 3. Fuel and rent 1200
9 9 (c) Geometric = Ogive
4. Education 480
4 6 Mean
5. Miscellaneous 1660
7 4 (d) Mode = Ogive

What is the median for the If the above data is represented _ (a) Median is graphical location.
distribution? by a percentage bar-diagram of Then, Option (a) is correct.
height 15 cm, then what are the
(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9 11. The following pairs relate to
2. What is the mode of the _ (c) Scooters of both companies sold by lengths of the two segments of
frequency distribution of a
2019 (II) frequency distribution of showroom E =
12
× 6400 = 768 _ (c) Arrange in ascending order the bar-diagram corresponding
discrete variable and its
Series-II? 100 (x) (f ) to education and miscellaneous,
4 6 frequency polygon. Which one
Directions (Q. Nos. 1 and 2) Read (a) 26 (b) 36 (c) 46 (d) 56 Scooters of company X sold by respectively?
8 5 4 of the following pairs is not
the following frequency distribution showroom E = × 3000 = 240 6 5 (a) 1.25 cm and 5 cm
_ (c) 100 7 4
correctly matched?
for two series of observations and (b) 1.2 cm and 4.15 cm
8 6 (a) Base line of the X-axis
Class Interval 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 Scooters of company Y sold by (c) 1.2 cm and 3.5 cm
answer the given question in below. 9 9 polygon
Frequency (II) 4 8 4 58 26 E = 768 − 240 = 528 10 8 (d) 4.15 cm and 6 cm (b) Ordinates of the Class frequencies
Frequency Scooters of both company is i.e., sold n = 42
Class interval vertices of the
Series-I Series-II Since, the highest frequency is 58. by showroom _ (b) The monthly expenditure of a person polygon
15 N 42 is 6000.
10 - 20 20 4 Therefore, modal class is 40-50. C = × 6400 = 960 Here, = = 21 (c) Abscissa of the Class marks of the
2 2 Percentage of educations expenditure
20 - 30 15 8 ∴ l = 40, h = 10, f1 = 58, 100 vertices of the frequency
528 21th observation = 8 480 polygon distribution
30 - 40 10 4 f0 = 4, f2 = 26 ∴Required % = × 100 = 55% = × 100 = 8%
960 22th observation = 8 6000 (d) Area of the polygon Total frequency of
40 - 50 x 2x  f1 − f0  the distribution
∴ Mode = l +   ×h  n  th term +  n + 1 th term 15 cm height of bar-diagram.
50 - 60 y y  2 f1 − f0 − f2     
2 2  Length of the education in bar-diagram
Total 100 100
= 40 + 
 58 − 4 
 × 10
2019 (I) Median =
2 = 15 ×
8
= 12
. cm
_ (d) Area of the polygon is not related to
the total frequency of the distribution.
 2 × 58 − 4 − 26  21th term + 22 th term 100 Then, option (d) is correct.
1. What is the mean of frequency =
54 4. Consider the following grouped 2 Percentage of miscellaneous’s
distribution of Series-I? = 40 + × 10 = 40 + 62
. = 462
. ≈ 46 frequency distribution 12. If a, b and care positive integers
86 8 + 8 16 expenditure =
1660
× 100 =
166
(a) 33.6 (b) 35.6 = = =8 %
Direction (Q. Nos. 3) Read the f 2 2 6000 600 1 16
(c) 37.6 (d) 39.6
x such that =
following information and answer 0-10 8 6. Diagrammatic representation of Length of the miscellaneous’s in 1 23
bar-diagram a+
_ (c) First of all we have to find x and y the given question in below. 10-20 12
data includes which of the 1
from the given table 20-30 10 166 b+
following? = 15 × = 415
. cm 1
20 + 15 + 10 + x + y = 100
Let the distribution of number of 30-40 p 600 c+
scooters of companies X and Y sold by 40-50 9 1. Bar-diagram 2. Pie-diagram 2
x + y = 55 …(i) Option (b) is correct.
5 showrooms (A, B, C, D and E) in a 3. Pictogram then what is the mean of a, b
4 + 8 + 4 + 2 x + y = 100 certain year be denoted by S1 and the If the mean of the above data is 9. If the mean of m observations and c?
Select the correct answer using
2 x + y = 84 …(ii) distribution of number of scooters of 25.2, then what is the value of p? out of n observations is n and (a) 1
the code given below
On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get only company X sold by the five (a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 11 (d) 12 the mean of remaining (b) 2
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
x = 29, y = 26 show-rooms in the same year be observations is m, then what is (c) 1.33
_ (c) (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
denoted by S2. the mean of all n observations? (d) 2.33
Freq. Freq. x xi fi xi fi
Class Class
f1xi f2 xi _ (d) Diagrammatic representation of data m2 m2 1 16
interval mean xi
series-I series-II
Total number of 0-10 5 8 40 includes (a) 2 m − (b) 2 m + _ (b) =
f1 f2 Showroom A B C D E 10-20 15 12 180 1 23
scooters sold 1. Bar-diagram 2. Pie-diagram n n a+
20-30 25 10 250 m2 m2 1
10-20 15 20 4 300 60 S1 (in %) 19 21 15 33 12 6400 3. Pictogram (c) m − (d) m + b+
30-40 35 p 35p 1
20-30 25 15 8 375 200 S2 (in %) 24 18 20 30 8 3000 Option (d) is correct. n n c+
40-50 45 9 405 2
30-40 35 10 4 350 140
3. Number of scooters of company Σfi = 39 + p Σx i fi = 875 + 35p 7. The data collected from which _ (a) The mean of m observations = n 16 1 1
40-50 45 29 58 1305 2610 ⇒ = =
Y sold by showroom E is what Σx i fi one of the following methods is The sum of observations = mn 23 23 1 + 7
50-60 55 26 26 1430 1430
per cent of the number of x(Mean) = not a primary data? The mean of ( n − m) observations = m 16 16
Total 100 100 3760 4440 Σfi
scooters of both companies sold The sum of observations = ( n − m) m 1 1
875 + 35 p
(a) by direct personal interviews = =
by showroom C ? . =
252 1 1
Mean of frequency distribution of series-I (b) by indirect personal interviews The mean of all observations 1+ 1+
Σf x 39 + p 16 2
∴ x = 1 i=
3760
= 37.6 (a) 52 (b) 54 (c) by schedules sent through Sum of all observations 2+
. ( 39 + p) = 875 + 35 p
252 = 7 7
Σf1 100 (c) 55 (d) 56 enumerators Number of observations
982.8 + 252. p = 875 + 35 p (d) from published thesis
Statistics 189 190 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

=
1
=
1 ⇒ n1x + n2x = n1x 1 + n2x 2 arithmetic means of the last 6 Statement II Mode is unique. _ (b) Clearly, mean ⇒ Mode = 3 Median − 2 Mean
1 1 ⇒ n1( x − x 1 ) = n2( x 2 − x ) 150 + 165 + 161 + 144 + 155 = 3 × 220 − 2 × 270
1+ 1+ observations is 11.5. What is Which one of the following is = = 155
1 1 x2 − x x −x
2+ 2+ ⇒
n
= 1 ⇒ 2 > 1 [n1 > n2 ] the sixth observation? correct is the respect of the above 5 = 660 − 540 = 120
7 1
3+ x − x1 n2 x − x1 (a) 10.0 (b) 10.5 statements? Now, to find median, arrange data in
2 2 ascending or decending order, as
29. Consider the following
Q x 2 − x > x − x1 ⇒ x 2 > x > x1 (c) 11.0 (d) 11.5 (a) Both Statements I and II are true and frequency distribution
Then, a = 1,. b = 2,.c = 3 shown below
Statements II is the correct
Mean of a, b and c 17. Consider the following _ (c) Arithmetic mean of 11 observations 144, 150, 155, 161, 165 Cumulative
a + b + c 1+ 2 + 3 = 11 explanation of Statement I. x Frequency
frequency
= = =2 statements: (b) Both Statements I and II are true and Here, n = 5, which is odd
3 3 ∴ Sum of 11 observations 5 + 1 1 8 8
Statement I Median can be Statement II is not the correct ∴ Median =   the observation 2 10 18
computed even when the end = 11 × 11 = 121 explanation of Statement I.  2  3 f1 29
intervals of a frequency Similarly, sum of first 6 observations (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is = 3rd observation = 155
2018 (II) distribution are open. = 6 × 10.5 = 63 false
4 f2 45

And sum of last 6 observations (d) Statement I is false but Statement II is 26. The geometric mean of x and y What are the values of f1 and f2
Statement II Median is a
true is 6 and then geometric mean of respectively?
13. Data on ratings of hotels in a positional average. = 115
. × 6 = 69
city is measured on x, y and z is also 6. Then the
Which one of the following is ∴6th observation|121 − ( 63 + 69)| _ (c) We know that, mode is the value of the value of z is
(a) 10 and 17 (b) 17 and 10
(a) Nominal scale correct in respect of the above = |121 − 132| = 11 variable for which the frequency is (c) 11 and 16 (d) 16 and 11
(b) Ordinal scale maximum. (a) 12 (b) 6
statements?
∴Statement I is correct. (c) 6 (d) 3 6 _ (c)
(c) Interval scale (a) Both Statements I and II are true Cumulative
(d) Ratio scale and Statement II is the correct 2017 (II) But statement II is incorrect, as mode may
not be unique.
_ (c) Given, xy = 6 ⇒ xy = 36 …(i) x Frequency
frequency
_ (b) Data on rating of hotels in a city is explanation of Statement I and xyz = 6
3 1 8 8
measured on ordinal scale. (b) Both Statements I and II are true For e.g. For the data set {2, 4, 9, 6, 4, 6, 2 10 18
20. Frequency density of a class is ⇒ xyz = 216 …(ii)
and Statement II is not the correct 6, 2, 8, 2} there are two modes namely 2 3 f1 18 + f1
14. The median of 19 observations explanation of Statement I
computed by the ratio and 6. On dividing Eq. (ii) by Eq. (i), we get 4 f2 18 + f1 + f2
is 30. Two more observations are (c) Statement I is true but Statement II (a) Class frequency to the class width z=6
(b) Class frequency to total frequency
23. Which one of the following is not On comparing, we get
made and the values of these are is false
(c) Class frequency to total number of correct? 18 + f1 = 29
8 and 32. What is the median (d) Statement I is false but Statement II
of the 21 observations? is true classes The proportion of various items 2017 (I) ⇒ f1 = 29 − 18 = 11
(d) Cumulative frequency upto that in a pie diagram is not and 18 + f1 + f2 = 45
(a) 32 (b) 30 _ (a) We know that, median always lies in class total frequency proportional to the 18 + 11 + f2 = 45
(c) 20 the center of the distribution therefore it is 27. In a pie diagram there are four
(d) Cannot be determined due to called a positional average and so we _ (a) Frequency density of a class is (a) areas of slices slices with angles 150º, 90º, f2 = 45 − 29
insufficient data can compute it even when the end computed by the ratio of class frequency (b) angles of slices f2 = 16
60°, 60º. A new pie diagram is
intervals of a frequency distribution are to the class width. (c) lengths of the curved area of the slices ∴ f1 = 11 and f2 = 16
_ (b) The median of the 21 observations formed by deleting one of the
open. (d) perimeters of the slices
will not change because 8 is less than 30 21. The pie diagram on the monthly slices having angle 60º in the 30. The mean of 5 numbers is 15.
and 32 is greater than 30. expenditure of two families A _ (d) We know that, pie chart is a circular chart given pie diagram. In the new If one more number is
15. As the number of observations 2018 (I) and B are drawn with radii divided into sectors in which the arc length,
its central angle and area are proportional to
pie diagram included, the mean of the 6
and classes increases, the shape of two circles taken in the ratio the quantities that it represents. (a) the largest slice has angle 150º numbers becomes 17. What is
of a frequency polygon 18. A pie chart is drawn for the 16 : 9 to compare their So, proportion of various items in a pie
(b) the smallest slice has angle 70º the included number?
following data. expenditures. diagram can’t be proportional to the
(c) the largest slice has angle 180º
(a) 24 (b) 25
(a) Tends to become jagged
(d) the smallest slice has angle 90º
(b) Tends to become increasingly Which one of the following is perimeters of the slices. (c) 26 (d) 27
Sector Percentage
smooth the appropriate data used for the _ (c) When one slice of pie-diagram is
(c) Stays the same
Agriculture and Rural Development 12.9
above mentioned pie diagrams?
24. The total number of live births in deleted, the portion of other slices will _ (d) Since, mean of 5 numbers is 15.
Irrigation 12.5 a specific locality during different increase proportionally. ∴Sum of these 5 numbers = Mean ×
(d) Varies only if data become more (a) ` 16000 and ` 9000
months of a specific years was Number of data = 15 × 5 = 75
reliable Energy 27.2
(b) ` 8000 and ` 4500 New total = 150° + 90° + 60° = 300°
Industry and Minerals 15.4 (c) ` 25600 and ` 8100 obtained from the office of the 150° Let the number included is x.
_ (b) We know that, when the number of New slice of 150° = × 360° = 180° 75 + x
Transport and Communication 15.9 (d) ` 4000 and ` 3000 Birth Registrar. This set of data 300° ∴ = 17
observations and classes increases then
the shape of a frequency polygon tends Social Services 16.1 may be called 90° 6
_ (c) Let r1 and r2 be the radii of two circles New slice of 90° = × 360° = 108°
to become increasingly smooth. (a) primary data (b) secondary data 300° ⇒ 75 + x = 17 × 6
What is the angle (approximately) such that r1 : r2 = 16 : 9
(c) recorded data (d) countable data 60° ⇒ x = 102 − 75
16. Let x1 and x2 (where x2 > x1) be subtended by the social services Then, ratio of expenditures of A and New slice of 60° = × 360° = 72 °
360° ⇒ x = 27
the means of two sets comprising Sector at the centre of the circle? B = ratio of area of corresponding circles _ (b) We know that, data which are not
originally collected rather obtained from ∴The smallest slice has angle 72 ° and
n1 and n2 (where n2 < n1) (a) 45° (b) 46° (c) 58° (d) 98° πr12 r 
2 2 31. The mean marks obtained by
=  1  =  
16 256 published or unpublished sources are the largest slice has angle 180°.
= =
observations respectively. If x is _ (c) Social services sector percentage πr22  r2   9 81 known as secondary data. 300 students in a subject are
the mean when they are pooled, 28. In an asymmetrical distribution, 60. The mean of top 100
= 161
. % ∴The appropriate data used the above So, the given set of data may be called
then which one of the following if the mean and median of the students was found to be 80
∴Central angle of social services sector mentioned pie diagram is ` 25600 and secondary data.
is correct? 161
.
distribution are 270 and 220 and the mean of last 100
= × 360 = 57.96° ≈ 58° ` 8100.
25. The heights (in cm) of 5 students respectively, then the mode of
(a) x 1 < x < x 2 (b) x > x 2 100 students was found to be 50.
22. Consider the following are 150, 165, 161, 144 and 145. the date is
(c) x < x 1 The mean marks of the
19. The arithmetic mean of 11 statements What are the value of mean and (a) 120 (b) 220 (c) 280 (d) 370
(d) ( x 1 − x ) + ( x 2 − x ) = 0 median (in cm) respectively? remaining 100 students are
observations is 11. The Statement I The value of a
x n + x 2n2 arithmetic mean of the first 6 _ (a) We know that, (a) 70 (b) 65
_ (a) x = 1 1 random variable having the (a) 165 and 161 (b) 155 and 155
3 Median = Mode + 2 Mean
n1 + n2 observations is 10.5 and the (c) 160 and 155 (d) 155 and 161 (c) 60 (d) 50
highest frequency is mode.
Statistics 191 192 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

_ (d) Total marks of middle 100 students _ (a) We have, Consider the following 1 + λ + λ2 + … + λ10  λ11 − 1  44. The weighted arithmetic mean
∴ AM = = 
= 300 × 60 − 100 × 80 − 100 × 50 mean of 20 observations, x = 17
20
2016 (I) statements in respect of the 11  11( λ − 1) of first 10 natural numbers
= 18000 − 8000 − 5000 Σ xi above frequency distribution 1 whose weights are equal to the
i=1 10 11
Q x = 38. The election result in which six 1. The median of the age and GM = (1⋅ λ ⋅ λ2 ⋅ λ3… λ ) corresponding numbers is equal
= 18000 − 13000 = 5000 20
∴Mean marks of remaining 100 students parties contested was depicted distribution is 7 yr. = ( λ1 + 2 + 3 + … + 10 )1 / 11 to
⇒ Σx i = 17 × 20 = 340
by a pie chart. Party A had an 2. 70% of the children are in the = ( λ )55/11 = λ5 …(ii) (a) 7 (b) 14
=
5000
= 50 ∴ Σx i = 340 − ( 3 + 6) + ( 8 + 9)
angle 135° on this pie chart. If it age group 6-9 yr. From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get (c) 35 (d) 38 . 5
100 ⇒ Σx i = 348
348
secured 21960 votes, then how 3. The modal age of the children GM = Median _ (d) Weighted AM
∴ New mean = = 17.4 many valid votes in total were is 8 yr. 1 × 1 + 2 × 2 + 3 × 3 + K + 10 × 10
2016 (II) 20
cast? Which of the above statements 42. Suppose xi =
1
for i = 1, 2, 3, ... , 11. =
10
35. Consider the following are correct? i
(a) 51240 (b) 58560 1 + 2 2 + 3 2 + K + 10 2
32. For x > 0, if a variable takes statements. Which one of the following is =
(c) 78320 (d) 87840 (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 10
discrete values x + 4, x − 3.5, I. The classes of type 15-19, (c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 not correct?
10 × (10 + 1)(2 × 10 + 1)
20-24, 25-29 etc, are exclusive _ (b) Let the total votes be x. (a) AM > 1 / 6 (b) GM >1 / 6
x − 2.5, x − 3, x − 2, x + 0 .5, _ (b) 6
classes. Then, central angle of party (c) HM>1 / 6 (d) Median = HM =
x − 0 .5, x + 5, then what is the 360° Age Number of Cumulative 10
median? II. The classes of type 15-20, A= × 21960 (in years) _ (d) We have 11 observations are as follow 10 × 11 × 21
x children frequency
20-25, 25-30 etc, are inclusive 1 1 1 1 1 21 × 11 77
(a) x − 125
. (b) x − 0.5 360° 5-6 4 4 1, , , , , …, = 6 = = = 38 . 5
classes. ⇒ 135° = × 21960 2 3 4 5 11
(c) x + 0.5 (d) x + 125
. x
6-7 7 11 10 6 2
Which of the above statements 7-8 9 20 Here, number of observations = 11
_ (a) We have, x > 0 360° × 21960
is/are correct? ∴ x = = 58560 8-9 12 32 [odd]
x + 4, x − 3.5, x − 2.5, x − 3, x − 2, (a) I only (b) II only
135° 9-10
10-11
6
2
38
40 ∴ Median = 
11 + 1
 th term = 6th term
2015 (I)
x + 0.5, x − 0.5, x + 5 (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II 39. The mean and median of 5  2 
Total N = 40
Arrange in ascending order observations are 9 and 8, 1 Directions (Q. Nos. 45-48) Consider
_ (d) In exclusive classes, upper limit of a N = …(i)
x − 3.5, x − 3, x − 2.5, x − 2, x − 0.5, respectively. If 1 is subtracted 1. Here, N = 40 ⇒ = 20 6 the following frequency
class is not included in the class. 1
x + 0.5, x + 4, x + 5 from each observation, then the 2 and distribution.
So, 15-20, 20-25, 25-30 are exclusive HM
Total number of observations = 8 new mean and the new median Thus, 7 - 8 is the median class. Class Frequency
classes. 1 1 1 
( 4th + 5 th) observations N
∴ l = 7, f = 9 , C = 11, = 20 =  +
1
+
1
+
1
+…+  0-10 4
∴ Median = In inclusive classes, upper limit of a will respectively be
2 2 11  1 1 / 2 1 / 3 1 / 4 1 / 11 10-20 5
class is included in the class. (a) 8 and 7 and h = 1
( x − 2 ) + ( x − 0.5) N 1 1 20-30 7
= So, 15-19, 20-24, 25-29 are inclusive (b) 9 and 7 −C ⇒ = (1 + 2 + 3 + … + 11)
2 30-40 10
classes. (c) 8 and 9 Median = l + 2 ×h HM 11
2 x − 2.5 f 1 66 1 40-50 12
= = x − 1.25 Hence, neither statement I nor (d) Cannot be determined due to 20 − 11 ⇒ = ⇒ HM = 50-60 8
2 statement II are correct. insufficient data =7+ ×1 HM 11 6
9 60-70 4
33. The median of set of 9 distinct Sum of 5 observations ∴ HM = Median [from Eq. (i)]
36. Suppose the class interval 10-15 _ (a)Q =9 = 7 + 1 = 8 yr
observations is 20 .5. If each of has frequency 30, then what is Number of observations 45. What is the mean of the
Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
the largest 4 observations of the ⇒ Sum of 5 observations = 9 × 5 = 45 distribution?
set is increased by 2, then the
the frequency density of this
If 1 is subtracted from each observation,
2. Total number of children (N) = 40 2015 (II) (a) 37.2 (b) 38.1
class interval? Number of children in the age
median of the new set then (c) 39.2 (d) 40.1
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 6 group 6-9
(a) is increased by 2 New mean of 5 observations 43. If each of n numbers xi = i
= 7 + 9 + 12 = 28 46. What is the median class?
(b) is decreased by 2 _ (d) Q Class width = 15 − 10 = 5 Sum of 5 observations − 5 (i = 1, 2, 3, K, n) is replaced by
and frequency of class 10-15 = 30 = ∴ Required percentage (a) 20-30 (b) 30-40
(c) is two times the original median 5 28 (i + 1) xi , then the new mean is (c) 40-50 (d) 50-60
(d) remains the same as that of original ∴ Frequency density 45 − 5 = × 100% = 70% n+ 3 n ( n + 1)
Frequency 30 = =8 40 (a) (b) 47. What is the median of the
set = = =6 5 2 2
Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Class width 5 Median of 5 observations ( n + 1) ( n + 2 ) ( n + 1) ( n + 2 ) distribution?
_ (d) Let the 9 observations be 5 + 1
3. Q Modal group = 8 - 9 (c) (d)
(a) 37 (b) 38
37. If the mean age of combined = 
3n 3
x 1, x 2, x 3, x 4 , x 5, x 6, x 7, x 8, x 9.  th term = 3 rd term = 8 ∴ Modal age = 8 yr (c) 39 (d) 40
∴Median of 9 observations is x 5.
group of boys and girls is 18 yr  2 
Since, 9 is not included in this
_ (d) We have, x i = i
and the mean of age of boys is If 1 is subtracted from each observation, Mean 48. What is the mode of the
∴ x 5 = 20.5 group.
20 and that of girls is 16, then then 2 x 1 + 3x 2 + 4x 3 + K + ( n + 1) x n distribution?
If x 6, x 7, x 8, x 9 are increased by 2. Hence, statement 3 is correct. =
what is the percentage of boys New median = 8 − 1 = 7 n (a) 38.33 (b) 40.66
The median of 9 observations is also Hence, the new mean and median are 8 41. Suppose xi = λ i for 0 ≤ i ≤ 10 , (c) 42.66 (d) 43.33
x 5 = 20.5.
in the group? 2 × 1 + 3 × 2 + 4 × 3 + K + ( n + 1) × n
and 7, respectively. where λ > 1. Which one of the =
∴Median remains the same as that of (a) 60 (b) 50 (c) 45 (d) 40
Σn( n + 1) Σn2 + Σn
n _ (Q. Nos. 45-48)
40. The age distribution of 40 following is correct? = =
original set. _ (b) Let the number of boys and girls be x Mid value Frequency f×x
(a) AM < Median (b) GM < Median n n Class cf
and y respectively. children are as follows (x) (f)
34. The mean of 20 observations is (c) GM = Median (d) AM = Median New mean
Total sum of ages of boys = 20x Age (in years) Number of children 0-10 5 4 4 20
17. On checking it was found n ( n + 1) (2 n + 1) n( n + 1) 10-20 15 5 9 75
and total sum of ages of girls = 16 y 5-6 4 _ (c) We have 11 observations as follow +
that the two observations were 20x + 16 y = 6 2 20-30 25 7 16 175
Given, that = 18 6-7 7 1, λ , λ2, λ3, λ4 , λ5, λ6, λ7, λ8, λ9, λ10 30-40 35 10 26 350
wrongly copied as 3 and 6. If n
x + y 7-8 9 Here, number of observations = 11 [odd] n( n + 1)  2 n + 1
+ 1
40-50 45 12 38 540
wrong observations are replaced ⇒ 20x + 16 y = 18x + 18 y 8-9 12 =
2 n  3
11 + 1 50-60 55 8 46 440
by correct values 8 and 9, then ⇒ 2x = 2 y ⇒ x = y 9-10 6 Median =   th term = 6th term

60-70 65 4 50 260
what is the correct mean? 10-11 2  2  n + 1  2 n + 4  ( n + 1) ( n + 2 )
Hence, percentage of boys in group is = = Total Σf = N = 50 Σfx = 1860
(a) 17.4 (b) 16.6 (c) 15.8 (d) 14.2 50%. = λ5 …(i) 2  3  3
Statistics 193 194 CDS Chapterwise-Sectionwise Solved Papers

Σfx 1860
45. (a) Mean = = = 37 .2 51. Consider the following _ (a) If x i ’s are the mid-points of the 57. Consider the following Income (in `) Number of persons
62. Consider the following
Σf 50 statements related to cumulative statements in respect of a less than statements pertaining to a
class intervals of grouped data, fi ’s are
Hence, the value of mean is 37.2. frequency polygon of a the corrresponding frequencies and x is discrete set of numbers. 1500 100 frequency polygon of a
46. (b) Here, N = 50 frequency distribution, the the mean, then Σ fi ( x i − x ) = 0 I. The arithmetic mean uses all
1250 80 frequency distribution of a
N 50 1000 70
Now, = = 25 frequencies being cumulated the data and is always continuous variable having
2 2
55. Ten observations 6, 14, 15, 17, 750 55
from the lower end of the range: uniquely defined. seven class intervals of equal
which lies in the cumulative
x + 1, 2 x − 13, 30, 32, 34 and 43 500 32
1. The cumulative frequency II. The median uses only one or width.
frequency corresponding class are written in ascending order. 250 12
polygon gives an equivalent two numbers from the data I. The original frequency
interval for cf 26 is 30-40. The median of the data is 24.
representation of frequency and may not be unique. What is the modal class? distribution can be
47. (c) From the table, What is the value of x?
distribution table. (a) 250-500 reconstructed from the
l 1 = 30, l2 = 40, f = 10 and C = 16 (a) 15 (b) 18 (c) 20 (d) 24 Which of the above (b) 500-750
l −l N
2. The cumulative frequency frequency polygon.
∴ Median = l 1 + 2 1  − C 
statement(s) is/are correct? (c) 750-1000
f 2 
polygon is a closed polygon _ (c) Given observations in ascending II. The frequency polygon touches
with one horizontal and one order are (a) Only I (b) Only II (d) None of the above
40 − 30 (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II the X-axis in its extreme right
= 30 + (25 − 16) vertical side. The other sides 6, 14, 15, 17, x + 1, 2 x − 13, 30, 32, 34 _ (b)
10 have non-negative slope. and extreme left.
10
and 43. _ (c) Arithmetic mean uses all the data and Income less Class Number
= 30 + × 9 = 30 + 9 = 39 Here, n = 10 [even] is always uniquely defined. Median uses Frequency Which of the above
10 Which of the above only one or two numbers from the data than interval of persons
  n  statement(s) is/are correct?
statement(s) is/are correct?  Value of  2  th term n + 1 1500 1250-1500 100 20
48. (d) Modal class of the given data is  and may not be unique. e.g.   th (a) Only I (b) Only II
40-50, because it has largest (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2    2  1250 1000-1250 80 10
  n   1000 750-1000 70 15 (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
frequency among the given classes + Value of  2 + 1 th term term for odd n and  + 1 and th term
n n
750 500-750 55 23
of the data i.e. 12. _ (a) Here, statement 1 is correct but ∴ Median =   2  2 500 250-500 32 20
_ (a) Frequency polygon is formed by
2 joining the mid-points of histogram.
Here, l = 40, f1 = 12 , f0 = 10, f2 = 8 statement 2 is not correct. for even n. 250 0-250 12 12 Original frequency distribution can be
and h = 10   10  
 Value of  2  th term
52. Consider the following data 58. The geometric mean of Clearly, 500 − 750 is the modal class as it reconstructed from frequency polygon.
 f −f  
∴ Mode = l +  1 0  × h 1. Number of complaints lodged   Frequency polygon does not touch the
(x1, x2 , x3 , ..., xn) is x and the has maximum frequency.
 2 f1 − f0 − f2    10   X-axis in its extreme right and extreme left.
 + Value of  2 + 1 th term
due to road accidents in a state geometric mean of
12 − 10   60. Which of the following items of
= 40 +   × 10 within a year for 5 consecutive = ( y1, y2 , y3 , ..., yn) is y. Which of 63. The mean of the following
 2 information is a good example
 2 × 12 − 10 − 8  years. the following is/are correct? distribution is 18.
of statistical data?
2 × 10 20 2. Budgetary allocation of the =
Value of 5th term + Value of 6th term
= 40 + = 40 + I. The geometric mean of (a) A table of logarithms of numbers
Class interval Frequency
24 − 18 6 total available funds to the 2
(x1 y1, x2 y2 , x3 y3 , ..., xn yn ) is (b) A list of names of 120 students of a 11-13 3
= 40 + 3.33 = 43.33 various items of expenditure. x + 1 + 2 x − 13 3x − 12
= = class 13-15 6
Which of the above data is/are 2 2 XY .
Hence, the mode of given data is 43.33. 15-17 9
(c) A list of annual incomes of the
suitable for representation of a But given, median = 24 II. The geometric mean of 17-19 13
members of a club
49. There are five parties A, B, C, D pie diagram? 3x − 12  x1 x2 x3 x  X 19-21 f
∴ = 24  , , , ..., n  is . (d) Holiday list of the offices of
and E in an election. Out of total 2 21-23 5
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2  y1 y2 y3 yn  Y Government of India in the year
100000 votes cast, 36000 were (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 ⇒ 3x − 12 = 24 × 2 = 48 2013
23-25 4
cast to party A, 24000 to to ⇒ 3x = 48 + 12 ⇒ 3x = 60 Select the correct answer using What is the value of f ?
party B, 18000 to party C, 7000 _ (c) Both statements 1 and 2 are suitable the codes given below. _ (c) A list of annual incomes of the
for representation of a pie diagram. ∴ x = 20 members of a club is a good example of (a) 8 (b) 9
to party D and rest to party E. Hence, the value of x is 20. (a) Only I (b) Only II statistical data. (c) 10 (d) 11
What angle will be allocated for 53. When we take class intervals on (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
61. Consider the following in _ (a)
party E in the pie-chart? the X-axis and corresponding
_ (c) Geometric mean of respect of variate which takes
(a) 15° (b) 54° (c) 60° (d) 72° frequencies on the Y-axis and
draw rectangles with the areas
2014 (I) ( x 1, x2, x3, ..., xn ) = ( x 1. x2... xn )1/ n = X
values 2, 2, 2, 2, 7, 7, 7 and 7.
Class
interval
xi fi xi fi

_ (b) Given, total number of votes = 100000 proportional to the frequencies

and geometric mean of ( y1, y2, y3, ... , yn ) 11-13 12 3 36
= ( y1. y2... yn )1/ n = Y I. The median is equal to mean.
Get votes of party E 13-15 14 6 84
of the respective class intervals, 56. Consider the following II. The mode is both 2 and 7.
= 100000 − ( 36000 + 24000 + 18000 ∴ Geometric mean of 15-17 16 9 144
the graph so obtained is called I. The arithmetic mean of two Which of the above
+ 7000) ( x 1 y1, x2 y2, ..., xn yn ) 17-19 18 13 234
(a) bar diagram (b) frequency curve unequal positive numbers is
= 100000 − 85000 = 15000 = ( x 1. x2... xn )1/ n × ( y1 ⋅ y2 ... yn )1/ n statement(s) is/are correct? 19-21 20 f 20 f
(c) ogive (d) None of these always greater than their
∴ Angle allocated for party geometric mean. = ( x 1 y1. x 2 y2 ... x n yn )1/ n = XY (a) Only I (b) Only II 21-23 22 5 110

15000 _ (d) When we take class intervals on the x x x  (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II 23-25 24 4 96
E= × 360° = 54° X-axis and corresponding frequencies on II. The geometric mean of two Geometric mean of  1 , 2 , K , n 
 y1 y2 yn  Total Σ fi = 40 + f Σfi x i = 704 + 20 f
100000 the Y-axis and draw rectangles with the unequal positive numbers is _ (c) I. Mean of all observations
always greater than their ( x 1 ⋅ x2 ... xn )1/ n 2 ×4+7 ×4 Σxi fi
areas proportional to the frequencies of
= = = 4.5 ∴ Mean, x =
the respective class intervals, the graph harmonic mean. ( y1 ⋅ y2 ... yn )1/ n 8 Σfi
2014 (II) so obtained is called histogram. 1/ n For median, first we arrange the data in
704 + 20f
Which of the above x x x  X ⇒ 18 =
=  1 ⋅ 2 ⋅ ⋅⋅ n  = ascending order
54. If xi ’s are the mid-points of the statement(s) is/are correct?  y1 y2 yn  Y 40 + f
50. The class which has maximum = 2, 2, 2, 2, 7, 7, 7, 7
class intervals of grouped data, (a) Only I (b) Only II 4th + 5th 2 + 7 ⇒ 720 + 18f = 704 + 20f
frequency is known as f i ’s are the corresponding 59. The following table gives ‘less ∴ Median = = = 4.5
(a) median class (b) mean class (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II 2 2 ⇒ 20f − 18f = 720 − 704
frequencies and x is the mean, than’ type frequency
(c) modal class (d) None of these _ (c) The decreasing order of means is II. Mode is both 2 and 7, since ⇒ 2f = 16
then what is Σf i ( xi − x) equal to? distribution of income per day.
_ (c) The class which has maximum Arithmetic mean > Geometric mean > frequency of occurrence is same i.e. ∴ f =8
(a) 0 (b) − 1 (c) 1 (d) 2 Harmonic mean. maximum frequency.
frequency is known as modal class.