PSG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

(Autonomous Institution)
COIMBATORE – 641 004

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

MASTER OF ENGINEERING
Branch: COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
MAY 2024

Name of the Student:VAISHNAVI M

Roll No.: 22MZ42
Course code: 21ZC62
Course Name: Application Development Laboratory
 ME COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

INDEX
S NO DATE EXERCISE PAGE MARKS FACULTY
NO SIGN

1 Problem Statement

2 Introduction

3 Literature survey

4 Selection of process model

5 Software requirment specification

6 Use case document

7 Software Architecture

8 Implementation

9
Test document plan

10
Conclusion

11
Future Work
 PROBLEM STATEMENT

In today's fast-paced world, the need for instant gratification extends to deliveries. Traditional methods
often leave us frustrated - waiting on hold for phone orders, filling out lengthy forms, and lacking any
visibility into where our package might be. Rapido seeks to revolutionize this experience by offering a
swift and user-friendly mobile application for on-demand delivery services.

Rapido tackles the shortcomings of traditional delivery methods by prioritizing speed, convenience, and
transparency. Imagine a scenario where you need a document delivered across town for an important
meeting. With Rapido, a few taps on your smartphone connects you with a nearby delivery person,
eliminating the need for lengthy phone calls. Real-time tracking keeps you informed of the delivery's
progress, offering peace of mind Furthermore, Rapido goes beyond just documents. Whether you need
groceries delivered after a long workday or a package sent to a friend, Rapido offers a wide range of
delivery options to cater to your diverse needs. Finally, Rapido prioritizes efficiency by optimizing
delivery routes and connecting you with the closest available delivery personnel. This ensures your
items are delivered quickly and without unnecessary delays. Rapido aspires to be more than just a
delivery app - it aims to be a seamless user-centric experience that revolutionizes the delivery
landscape.

INTRODUCTION

Building a Rapido Clone with MERN Stack

The on-demand economy thrives on immediacy and convenience. People expect their needs met quickly
and effortlessly, and this extends to the realm of deliveries. Traditional delivery methods, however, can
be slow, cumbersome, and lack real-time tracking, leading to frustration and a less than ideal user
experience.

This report introduces Rapido, a mobile application designed to revolutionize the delivery landscape.
Rapido prioritizes speed, convenience, and transparency, offering a user-friendly platform that
streamlines the delivery process. Through this report, we will explore how Rapido addresses the
shortcomings of traditional methods, its core functionalities, and its potential impact on the on-demand
delivery market.
 LITERATURE SURVEY
PAPER 1:A Real-Time Weather Forecasting and Analysis: The paper focuses on weather forecasting
using meteorological parameters like temperature and humidity. Data is collected from a DHT11 sensor
and stored on the cloud via a Raspberry Pi with an Ethernet shield. The cloud-stored data is formatted
into CSV, JSON, or XML files for further analysis. Correlation analysis helps predict future values, and the
ARIMA model is employed for time-series data prediction. Real-time data is gathered and analyzed using
R, with the ARIMA model implemented for forecasting values. The proposed system starts with data
from June, and predictions can be made for every month and year. The accuracy of different models can
be compared, considering standard error values. However, accurate predictions are more reliable for
the first two successive years. Multiple models can be tested, and additional parameters may be
considered for improved prediction accuracy.

PAPER 2: Weather Forecasting Application using Web-based Model-View-Whatever Framework: This

work focuses on creating a web application using the AngularJS 1.x JavaScript framework to provide
weather forecasts for any city worldwide. Weather, a significant atmospheric phenomenon, varies based
on climate, seasons, and diverse factors. The application displays two, five, and seven-day forecasts and
utilizes an API to incorporate additional parameters such as wind speed, humidity, pressure, latitude,
and longitude. Data visualization enhances the detailed understanding of weather conditions for a given
location.

PAPER 3: Weather Monitoring System using Internet of Things: The proposed system focuses on
monitoring weather conditions, including temperature, humidity, and CO levels, using sensors. These
sensors detect environmental changes and transmit the data to users for statistical analysis. The
technology employed for this purpose is the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT serves as an efficient and
advanced solution, enabling the monitoring, collection, control, and global connectivity of the system.
This approach provides users with an effective means of accessing real-time information from various
locations worldwide.

PAPER 4: Research on weather forecast based on neural networks The traditional method based on
aerodynamics and expertise for weather forecast focuses on present data, but the historical database is
not utilized. The paper presents research on weather forecasting through the historical database.
Because the atmosphere pattern is a complex, nonlinear system, the traditional method is not an
effective method. The multi-layer neural network is a potent method for resolving this problem. With
the backpropagation neural networks the atmosphere pattern is divided into five patterns based on the
rainfall. Comments on this method and a special atmosphere pattern are given at the end of the paper.

PAPER 5: Visual Weather Temperature Prediction: This paper explores the use of convolutional
recurrent neural networks for weather temperature estimation solely based on image data. Two
scenarios are considered: a) estimating temperature from a single outdoor image using a convolutional
neural network, showing promising results influenced by the volume of training data, and b) predicting
the temperature of the last image in a sequence using a recurrent neural network, achieving better
accuracy than state-of-the-art models. The study also investigates performance variations based on
scene regions and daytime hours, reinforcing the idea of cost-efficient weather prediction using visual
information.
PAPER 6: Machine Learning in Weather Prediction and Climate Analyses—Applications and Perspectives:
This paper analyzes the 500 most relevant scientific articles published since 2018 on machine learning
methods in climate and numerical weather prediction. Utilizing Google Scholar, the study identifies
common topics of interest, such as photovoltaic and wind energy in weather prediction research, and
parametrizations, extreme events, and climate change in climate research. The analysis also extracts
frequently examined meteorological fields (wind, precipitation, temperature, pressure, and radiation),
methods (Deep Learning, Random Forest, Artificial Neural Networks, Support Vector Machine, and
XGBoost), and prominent countries (China, USA, Australia, India, and Germany). Through critical
reviews, the authors predict that machine learning methods will play a pivotal role in future weather
forecasting research.

PAPER 7:Dynamic Line Rating Using Numerical Weather Predictions and Machine Learning: a Case
Study: This paper presents a dynamic line rating experiment using four machine learning algorithms
(Generalized Linear Models, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines, Random Forests, and Quantile
Random Forests) alongside numerical weather predictions. The focus is on modeling and predicting
ampacity up to 27 hours ahead in two conductor lines in Northern Ireland. The results demonstrate a
significant performance improvement for both point and probabilistic forecasts, emphasizing the utility
of probabilistic forecasts in avoiding risk situations. Key contributions include an in-depth examination of
explanatory variables, the application of machine learning with numerical weather predictions, and the
development of a probabilistic forecast from standard point forecasts. The findings have direct
applications in protecting and monitoring transmission and distribution infrastructures, particularly in
the presence of renewable energy sources and distributed power generation systems.

PAPER 8: Design of Real-time Weather Monitoring System Based on Mobile Application using Automatic
Weather Station: This paper proposes the design of real-time weather monitoring system based on a
mobile application using Automatic Weather Station (AWS). The system connects to the AWS equipped
with several sensors for collecting data and storing the data to the web server. Data from weather
sensor is taken from the AWS-Davis Instrument using the WeatherLink software. The data is transmitted
through the data logger using serial communication, uploaded via FTP and stored on a web server. The
Android application reads the files and displays the information provided by the web server in real-time.
The system has successfully show real-time monitoring of weather through the mobile application with
a flexibility in the parameters and the need of user interface (UI) design compared to the other solution.

PAPER 9: Weather Forecasting Using Deep Learning Algorithms: This paper addresses the challenges in
traditional weather forecasting techniques and proposes an automatic weather forecasting model based
on numerical and time series data, utilizing deep learning algorithms. The goal is to improve the
accuracy and precision of short-range weather forecasts. The study compares and evaluates models
employing different transfer functions, including LSTM, GRU, and Bi LSTM. The aim is to explore the
effectiveness of these time series algorithms in developing an efficient and reliable nonlinear forecasting
model for automatic weather analysis, overcoming challenges such as incomplete knowledge of physical
processes and the difficulty of analyzing large volumes of observational data.

PAPER 10: WeathCast: A Machine Learning-Based Real-Time Weather Monitoring & Forecasting System:
This paper introduces "WeathCast," a real-time weather monitoring system based on machine learning.
Weather monitoring and forecasting are crucial for planning, and this system focuses on predicting
parameters such as temperature, humidity, chances of rain, and Air Quality Index for major cities in
India. Professionals in meteorology rely on various mechanisms like air balloons, satellites, and radar for
accurate predictions. WeathCast leverages machine learning algorithms and APIs to analyze and
compute data, offering real-time air quality index analyses for informed decision-making in different
locations.
 SELECTION OF PROCESS MODEL
Problem Statement:
Get ready to revolutionize your two-wheeler commutes with a user-centric app inspired by the
streamlined approach of popular services like Rapido. This app, meticulously crafted using the powerful
MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js), prioritizes a seamless and intuitive interface
to get you where you need to be, fast. Whether you're a rider seeking swift and affordable
transportation or a driver looking for flexible earning opportunities, this MERN-powered app caters to
your needs with a focus on efficiency, user satisfaction, and scalability. Buckle up and experience the
future of two-wheeler travel.

Process Model Selection:

Waterfall Model
Appropiate Model:
The Waterfall model is a suitable choice for developing the Rapido app due to its emphasis on
upfront planning and a structured development lifecycle. This structured approach is beneficial
when:
Clearly Defined Requirements: If the core functionalities and features of the Rapido app are
well-defined upfront, the Waterfall model allows for a clear roadmap and avoids confusion
during development. This is because each phase has specific deliverables that need to be signed
off before moving to the next.
Project Size: For a relatively smaller project like Rapido (compared to complex enterprise
applications), the Waterfall model's linear approach can be efficient. The clearly defined phases
ensure a logical flow from gathering requirements to deployment, making it easier to manage a
smaller development team and keep the project on track.
Inappropriate model:
Agile Model:
While Agile is popular for iterative development with evolving requirements, it might not be
necessary for Rapido if the functionalities are well-understood from the beginning. Agile thrives
on short development sprints with continuous feedback loops, which might be unnecessary if
the core features are set in stone.
Incremental Model:
Similar to Agile, the incremental model focuses on delivering functionality in stages. This can
be beneficial for larger projects where user feedback can inform future iterations. However, for
a smaller app like Rapido with a well-defined feature set, delivering everything at once through
the Waterfall model might be more efficient.
Prototype Model:
Prototyping is valuable for exploring unclear functionalities and getting user feedback early on.
If the core features of Rapido are already set, a full prototype might not be required. However,
some low-fidelity wireframes or mockups could still be useful for visualizing the user interface
before diving into development.
Spiral Model:
The Spiral model is used for high-risk, high-budget projects with evolving requirements. It's not
ideal for a smaller app like Rapido with potentially stable requirements. The Spiral model
involves multiple iterations of risk assessment, design, development, and evaluation, which
would be overkill for a more straightforward project.
 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION

1.1 Problem Statement

The on-demand delivery market demands a solution that prioritizes speed, convenience, and transparency.
Traditional methods often lack efficiency, rely on phone calls and lengthy forms, and offer limited
visibility into delivery progress. This leads to frustration for both senders and receivers.

Rapido addresses these shortcomings by offering a user-friendly mobile application for on-demand
deliveries.

1.2 Purpose

This Software Requirements Specification (SRS) document outlines the functionalities and features of the
Rapido mobile application. It serves as a guide for developers, designers, and testers to ensure a
comprehensive and well-defined product.

1.3 Document Conventions

 Font: Times New Roman (Size 14 for headings, Size 12 for body)
 Document Organization: Requirements are categorized and prioritized for clarity.

1.4 Intended Audience

This document is intended for various stakeholders involved in the development and use of Rapido:

 Developers
 Designers
 Testers
 Project Managers
 Product Owners
 Business Analysts

1.5 Product Scope

Rapido focuses on providing a seamless on-demand delivery experience through the following
functionalities:

 User Registration and Login (Customers, Delivery Personnel)

 Delivery Request Management (Booking, Cancellation)
 Real-time Delivery Tracking
 Multiple Delivery Options (Documents, Packages, Groceries, etc.)
 Optimized Delivery Routes
 Secure Payment Processing
 In-app Communication (Customer-Delivery Personnel)

1.6 Technology Stack

  Front-End: HTML, CSS, JavaScript (Framework to be determined)
 Back-End:
o Server-side scripting (PHP or Python, choice to be based on project needs)
o Database Management System (MySQL, PostgreSQL, or similar)
 Mobile Development: Native development for Android and iOS (or cross-platform framework)

2. Rapido System Overview

2.1 Product Perspective

Rapido is a new on-demand delivery mobile application designed to provide a seamless and user-centric
experience. It focuses on efficiency, convenience, and real-time transparency throughout the delivery
process.

2.2 Product Functions

Rapido offers various functionalities to streamline deliveries for both customers and delivery personnel:

 User Management:
o User registration and login for customers and delivery personnel.
o User profiles for managing account information and preferences.
 Delivery Management:
o Customers can request deliveries, specifying details like item type, pick-up and drop-off
locations, and preferred delivery time.
o Customers can track delivery progress in real-time on a map.
o Delivery personnel can view available delivery requests, accept tasks, and navigate
optimized routes.
 Communication:
o In-app chat functionality allows communication between customers and delivery
personnel for any queries or clarifications.
 Payment Processing:
o Secure payment processing options for customers to pay for deliveries.
 Additional Features:
o Multiple delivery options catering to diverse needs (documents, packages, groceries,
etc.).
o Ability to rate and review delivery experiences.
o Feedback mechanism for continuous improvement.

2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

 Customers: Individuals seeking on-demand delivery services. They can use the app to book
deliveries, track progress, and make payments.
 Delivery Personnel: Individuals signed up to fulfill delivery requests. They use the app to view
available deliveries, accept tasks, navigate routes, and communicate with customers.
 System Admins: Manage the platform, monitor operations, and ensure smooth system
functionality.

2.4 Operating Environment

Rapido will be a mobile application accessible on various devices:

  Native apps for Android and iOS (or a cross-platform framework)
 Optimized for different screen sizes and functionalities on smartphones and tablets.

2.5 Design and Implementation Constraints

 Technology Stack: The chosen technology stack (HTML, CSS, JavaScript framework, back-end
language, database) should be efficient and scalable to handle a growing user base and delivery
volume.
 Performance: The app should be responsive and ensure a smooth user experience across various
devices and network connections.
 Security: User data and financial transactions require robust security measures to prevent
unauthorized access and ensure user privacy.
 GPS Accuracy: Real-time location tracking relies on accurate GPS data. The app should
consider potential limitations and implement strategies to address them.
 Offline Functionality: Limited functionalities might be needed to operate even with unstable
internet connectivity.

2.6 User Documentation

 In-app tutorials and user guides will be available to guide users on functionalities and features.
 A comprehensive FAQ section will address common user queries.

2.7 Assumptions and Dependencies

 Users have access to smartphones with a stable internet connection and GPS functionality.
 Integration with third-party mapping services (e.g., Google Maps) for location tracking and route
optimization.
 Secure payment gateway integration for seamless transactions

3. Rapido System Interfaces

3.1 User Interfaces (UI)

 Mobile App Design: Rapido will be a mobile application with a user-friendly and intuitive
interface.
 Navigation: A consistent navigation bar should be accessible on all screens for easy access to
different functionalities.
 UI Components: Utilize UI components that are visually appealing and user-friendly. Consider
using a design framework that offers pre-built components for a consistent look and feel.
 Error Handling: Implement clear and informative error messages.
o Invalid login credentials should display a message like "Invalid Username or Password".
o Unauthorized actions should display a message like "You are not authorized to perform
this action".

3.2 Hardware Interfaces

  Supported Devices: The app should be compatible with a wide range of smartphones and
tablets with varying screen sizes.
 Minimum Requirements:
o Processor: 1. GHz dual-core or faster (recommended: 1.5 GHz or faster)
o RAM: 1 GB minimum (recommended: 2 GB or more)
o Operating System: Android (version to be specified based on target audience) or iOS
(version to be specified)
o Network: Stable internet connection

3.3 Software Interfaces

 Front-End:
o Programming Language(s): To be determined based on project needs (e.g., Kotlin for
Android, Swift for iOS, or a cross-platform framework like React Native)
o UI Framework (Optional): Consider using a UI framework for faster development and
consistent design (e.g., Material Design for Android, UIKit for iOS)
 Back-End:
o Programming Language: To be determined based on project needs (e.g., Python with
Django or Flask, Node.js with Express.js)
o Database: A scalable NoSQL database like MongoDB or a relational database like MySQL
or PostgreSQL (consider factors like data structure and query complexity)
 APIs:
o Integration with mapping services (e.g., Google Maps) for location tracking and route
optimization.
o Integration with payment gateways for secure transactions.

3.4 Communications Interfaces

 API Communication: The back-end will use APIs to communicate with external services like
mapping and payment gateways.
 Data Transfer: Secure protocols (e.g., HTTPS) should be used for all data transfer between the
app, back-end servers, and external services.
 Real-time Communication: Consider using technologies like web sockets for real-time features
like tracking delivery progress. (This depends on the chosen technology stack)

3.5 Database Interfaces

 Database Connectivity: The back-end code will use libraries or frameworks (e.g., Mongoose for
MongoDB, SQLAlchemy for relational databases) to connect and interact with the chosen
database.
 Data Persistence: The app will store relevant data (user information, delivery details, etc.) in the
database for persistence and retrieval.
 Data Security: Implement proper data security measures to protect user information and ensure
data integrity.

4. Rapido System Features

4.1 User Roles and Features

Rapido will cater to different user roles with specific functionalities:

 Customers
o High Priority: Customer needs are paramount for the app's success.
o Features:
 User registration and login.
 Search for delivery services (documents, packages, groceries, etc.).
 Schedule deliveries by specifying pick-up and drop-off locations, item details,
and preferred delivery time.
 Track delivery progress in real-time on a map.
 View delivery history and manage past orders.
 Secure payment processing for deliveries.
 Rate and review delivery experiences (optional).
 In-app chat for communication with delivery personnel (optional).
 Delivery Personnel
o Moderate Priority: Efficient delivery personnel management is crucial for smooth
operations.
o Features:
 User registration and login.
 View available delivery requests in their vicinity.
 Accept delivery tasks based on their availability and preferences.
 Navigate optimized delivery routes using integrated mapping services.
 Access customer information for delivery coordination.
 Mark deliveries as complete upon successful handover.
 In-app chat for communication with customers (optional).
 Administrators (Optional, depending on the business model)
o Low Priority (can be implemented in later phases): Manages overall platform
operations.
o Features:
 Manage user accounts (customers and delivery personnel).
 Monitor delivery operations and track performance metrics.
 Manage service areas and delivery options.
 Analyze user data to understand customer needs and optimize services.

4.2 Functional Requirements

4.2.1 Customer Functionalities

 REQ-1: Implement user registration and login for customers.

 REQ-2: Design a user interface for customers to search for available delivery services.
 REQ-3: Develop functionalities for customers to schedule deliveries, specifying details like pick-
up/drop-off locations, item description, and preferred delivery time.
 REQ-4: Integrate real-time tracking on a map to allow customers to visualize delivery progress.
 REQ-5: Provide a secure payment gateway for customers to pay for deliveries seamlessly.
  REQ-6: (Optional) Allow customers to rate and review their delivery experiences for feedback
and improvement.
 REQ-7: (Optional) Implement in-app chat functionality for customers to communicate with
delivery personnel regarding deliveries.

4.2.2 Delivery Personnel Functionalities

 REQ-8: Implement user registration and login for delivery personnel.

 REQ-9: Design an interface for delivery personnel to view available delivery requests within their
designated area.
 REQ-10: Develop functionalities for delivery personnel to accept or reject delivery tasks based
on their availability and preferences.
 REQ-11: Integrate mapping services with route optimization to guide delivery personnel on
efficient delivery routes.
 REQ-12: Provide access to customer information for delivery personnel to facilitate
communication and coordination.
 REQ-13: Allow delivery personnel to mark deliveries as complete upon successful handover to
the customer.
 REQ-14: (Optional) Implement in-app chat functionality for delivery personnel to communicate
with customers regarding deliveries.

4.2.3 Admin Functionalities (Optional)

 REQ-15: (Optional) Develop functionalities for administrators to manage user accounts

(customers and delivery personnel).
 REQ-16: (Optional) Provide dashboards for administrators to monitor delivery operations and
track key performance metrics.
 REQ-17: (Optional) Allow administrators to manage service areas and define delivery options.
 REQ-18: (Optional) Provide data analysis tools for administrators to gain insights into user
behavior and optimize services based on customer needs.

5. Rapido Non-Functional Requirements

5.1 Performance Requirements

 Responsiveness: The Rapido app should be responsive and deliver a smooth user experience
across various devices (smartphones, tablets) and network conditions.
 Load Time: App launch and screen transitions should occur with minimal lag to maintain user
engagement.
 CRUD Operations: The app should efficiently handle Create, Read, Update, and Delete
operations for data management without delays or errors.

5.2 Security Requirements

 Data Security: User data (personal information, payment details) and delivery information must
be protected using strong encryption techniques.
  Authentication: Implement secure user authentication mechanisms (e.g., password hashing) to
prevent unauthorized access.
 Authorization: Enforce access controls to ensure users can only perform actions they are
authorized for (e.g., customers cannot modify delivery personnel profiles).
 Input Validation: Validate all user inputs to prevent malicious code injection or manipulation of
data.
 Regular Updates: Maintain the application and underlying libraries with the latest security
patches to address vulnerabilities.

5.3 Reliability Requirements

 High Availability: The Rapido platform should strive for high availability with minimal downtime
to ensure users can access services reliably.
 Error Handling: Implement robust error handling mechanisms to gracefully handle unexpected
situations and provide informative error messages to users.
 Data Backup and Recovery: Maintain regular data backups and have a disaster recovery plan in
place to ensure data integrity and swift recovery in case of system failures.

5.4 Usability Requirements

 User-Friendly Interface: Design an intuitive and user-friendly interface that is easy to navigate
for users with varying technical expertise.
 Accessibility: Consider accessibility guidelines to ensure the app is usable by people with
disabilities.
 Clear Instructions: Provide clear and concise instructions within the app to guide users through
functionalities.
 Localization (Optional): Consider future needs for localization to support the app in multiple
languages.

5.5 Maintainability Requirements

 Modular Design: Implement a modular code structure to improve code maintainability and
facilitate future modifications.
 Documentation: Maintain clear and up-to-date documentation for the codebase to aid
developers in understanding and modifying the system.
 Code Formatting: Enforce consistent code formatting and naming conventions to improve code
readability.

5.6 Business Rules

 Rapido will operate as a mobile application for on-demand delivery services.

 The platform will connect customers seeking deliveries with available delivery personnel.
 Customers can specify delivery details (item type, pick-up/drop-off locations, preferred time)
and track delivery progress in real-time.
 Delivery personnel can view available delivery requests, accept tasks, navigate optimized routes,
and communicate with customers if needed.
 Secure payment processing will be integrated for seamless transactions.
6. Performance Considerations for Rapido

The non-functional requirements section (Section 5) already addressed performance aspects of

the Rapido application. Here's a breakdown of how the requirements map to the performance
metrics you mentioned:

 Speed: This relates to the responsiveness of the app as mentioned in Section 5.1
(Responsiveness, Load Time). Optimizations for fast app launch, minimal lag during screen
transitions, and efficient data retrieval from the back-end contribute to perceived speed.
 Processor Usage: While not explicitly stated, efficient code and optimized algorithms can help
minimize processor usage. This indirectly relates to responsiveness and maintaining a smooth
user experience.
 Memory Usage: The application's memory footprint should be optimized to avoid overloading
device memory. This can be achieved by using memory-efficient programming practices and
data structures.
 Disk Time: Frequent disk reads and writes can slow down the app. Consider caching
mechanisms and efficient database interactions to minimize unnecessary disk operations.
 Failure: The reliability requirements in Section 5.3 (High Availability, Error Handling) address
minimizing critical system failures. Implementing robust error handling, regular testing, and
proactive monitoring can improve system uptime.

Appendix A: Glossary

 MongoDB: You are correct. An open-source NoSQL database management system used for
storing data in a flexible document format.
 QA: Quality Assurance - The process of ensuring that software meets the specified requirements
and delivers a high-quality user experience.
 HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): You are correct. A markup language used to define the
structure and content of web pages.
 HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): You are correct. The foundation of communication
between web servers and browsers.
 HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure): You are correct. An encrypted version of HTTP that
provides secure communication over the internet.
 CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): You are correct. A language for applying styles (fonts, colors,
layouts) to HTML elements to define the visual presentation of a web page.
 SQL (Structured Query Language): You are correct. A language for interacting with relational
databases to retrieve and manipulate data.
 UI (User Interface): You are correct. The elements on a computer screen that users interact with
to control the software or application.

.
 USE CASE DOCUMENT

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SEARCH
FOR RIDER

BOOKINGFOR ADMINISTATO
USE
RIDE R
R

CHECK
WEATHER

PROVIDE
FEEDBACK

PAYMEN
T
RIDER/DRIVE
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REVIEW
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Rapido Use Case Identification

Here's an example of how you can identify use cases for the Rapido delivery application:

1.1. Use Case ID

 Use a hierarchical numbering scheme to group relate.

Rapido Use Case Identification

Here's an example of how you can identify use cases for the Rapido delivery application:

1.1. Use Case ID

 Use a hierarchical numbering scheme to group related use cases.

 You can start with the main user roles (Customer, Delivery Personnel, Admin) and then
add sub-use cases for specific functionalities.
o Customer
 UC 1.1: Register as a Customer
 UC 1.2: Login as a Customer
 UC 1.3: Search for Delivery Services
 UC 1.4: Schedule a Delivery
 UC 1.5: Track Delivery Progress
 UC 1.6: View Delivery History
 UC 1.7: Make Payment for Delivery (optional: UC 1.7.1: Pay with Cash, UC 1.7.2:
Pay with Card)
 UC 1.8: Rate and Review Delivery (optional)
 UC 1.9: Communicate with Delivery Personnel (optional)
o Delivery Personnel
 UC 2.1: Register as a Delivery Personnel
 UC 2.2: Login as a Delivery Personnel
 UC 2.3: View Available Delivery Requests
 UC 2.4: Accept/Reject Delivery Tasks
 UC 2.5: Navigate Delivery Route
 UC 2.6: Update Delivery Status
 UC 2.7: Communicate with Customer (optional)
o Admin (Optional)
 UC 3.1: Manage User Accounts (Customers & Delivery Personnel)
 UC 3.2: Monitor Delivery Operations
 UC 3.3: Manage Service Areas & Delivery Options
 UC 3.4: Analyze User Data (optional)

1.2. Use Case Name

 Provide a clear and concise name that reflects the user's goal in the use case.
o UC 1.1: Register as a Customer
o UC 1.2: Login as a Customer
 o UC 1.3: Search for Delivery Services
o (and so on)

1.3. Use Case History

You can include a section for use case history to track changes and ownership. This information
is not directly relevant to the system functionalities but can be helpful for managing
documentation.

 Created By: Madhumitha N H

 Date Created: 10.04.2023
 Last Updated By: Madhumitha N H
 Date Last Updated: 10.04.2023

This is a basic example, and the specific use cases and their breakdown will depend on the
features and functionalities planned for the Rapido application.

Rapido Use Case Identification

Here's an example of how you can identify use cases for Rapido, following the format you
provided:

1.1. Use Case ID

 UC 1.0: Customer Registration

 UC 1.1: Login (related to UC 1.0)
 UC 2.0: Search for Delivery Services
 UC 2.1: Schedule Delivery (related to UC 2.0)
o UC 2.1.1: Specify Pick-up/Drop-off Locations (related to UC 2.1)
o UC 2.1.2: Specify Item Details (related to UC 2.1)
o UC 2.1.3: Select Preferred Delivery Time (related to UC 2.1)
 UC 2.2: Track Delivery Progress (related to UC 2.0)
 UC 2.3: View Delivery History (related to UC 2.0)
 UC 3.0: Make Payment (related to UC 2.1) (Optional, if separate from booking)
 UC 4.0: Rate and Review Delivery (Optional)
 UC 5.0: (Optional) Chat with Delivery Personnel (related to UC 2.0)

1.2. Use Case Name

The use case names directly reflect the functionalities they represent.

1.3. Use Case History

This section can be left blank or filled out as needed in your specific context. You can include
the following information:

 1.3.1 Created By: [Your Name]

  1.3.2 Date Created: [Date]
 1.3.3 Last Updated By: [Your Name]
 1.3.4 Date Last Updated: [Date]

Rapido Use Case Definition

Here's an example of how you can define use cases for Rapido, following the format you
provided:

2.1. Actor

 UC 1.0 - Customer Registration: Customer (user trying to register for the first time)
 UC 1.1 - Login (related to UC 1.0): Customer (registered user)
 UC 2.0 - Search for Delivery Services: Customer
 UC 2.1 - Schedule Delivery (related to UC 2.0): Customer
 UC 2.2 - Track Delivery Progress (related to UC 2.0): Customer
 UC 2.3 - View Delivery History (related to UC 2.0): Customer
 UC 3.0 - Make Payment (related to UC 2.1) (Optional): Customer
 UC 4.0 - Rate and Review Delivery (Optional): Customer
 UC 5.0 - (Optional) Chat with Delivery Personnel (related to UC 2.0): Customer or Delivery
Personnel

2.2. Description

UC 1.0 - Customer Registration

 A new customer arrives at the Rapido app.

 The customer enters their details (name, email, phone number, etc.) and creates a password.
 The system validates the information and creates a new user account in the database.
 The system sends a welcome email with login credentials to the customer's email address.

UC 1.1 - Login (related to UC 1.0)

 A registered customer opens the Rapido app.

 The customer enters their username and password.
 The system validates the credentials against stored user data.
 Upon successful login, the system directs the customer to their personalized app dashboard.

UC 2.0 - Search for Delivery Services

 The customer opens the Rapido app and is logged in (precondition UC 1.1).
 The customer selects the desired delivery service (documents, package, groceries, etc.).
 (Optional) The customer specifies any additional preferences (delivery urgency, special handling
instructions).
 The system displays a list of available delivery options based on the customer's selection and
location.
(Further use cases like UC 2.1, UC 2.2, etc. can be elaborated similarly)

2.3. Preconditions

1. UC 1.0: The customer has internet access and a device to access the Rapido app.
2. UC 1.1: The customer has a registered account with Rapido (precondition UC 1.0).
3. UC 2.0 - UC 3.0: The customer is logged in to the Rapido app (precondition UC 1.1).

2.4. Postconditions

 UC 1.0: A new user account is created for the customer, and they can log in using their
credentials.
 UC 1.1: The customer is granted access to their app dashboard if login is successful.
 UC 2.0: The customer views a list of available delivery options based on their search criteria.
 UC 2.1 - UC 3.0: The specific postconditions will depend on the chosen actions within these use
cases (e.g., successful delivery booking, payment confirmation).

2.5. Priority

 High: UC 1.0, UC 1.1, UC 2.0 (core functionalities for customer registration, login, and service
search)
 Medium: UC 3.0 (payment processing can be integrated later if needed)
 Low: UC 4.0, UC 5.0 (optional features that can be added later based on business needs)

2.6. Frequency of Use

This will vary depending on individual user behavior. However, estimates can be made:

 UC 1.0: Likely a one-time occurrence per customer.

 UC 1.1: Frequency depends on customer usage patterns (could be daily or less frequent).
 UC 2.0 - UC 3.0: Frequency depends on the customer's delivery needs (could be several times a
week or less frequent).

2.7.Normal Course of Events: User Registration

1. User navigates to the registration page.
2. User enters their personal information, including name, age, sex, contact details,
address, email address, and password.
3. User clicks on the "Sign Up" button.
4. System verifies the user's information and creates a new account, indicating success.
5. System sends a confirmation message to the user via email.
2.8.Alternative Courses:
  UC 1.A.C.1.1: User enters invalid information. The system displays an error message and
prompts the user to correct the information regarding age, email address, and phone
number.
 UC 1.A.C.1.2: User attempts to register with an email address that is already in use. The
system displays an error message and prompts the user to choose a different email
address.
2.9.Exceptions:
 EX 1: If there are database access errors or other database errors, a MongoDB exception
is thrown.
 EX 2: If the user enters an improper action, an IO exception is thrown.
2.10.Includes:
 EX 1: If there are database access errors or other database errors, a MongoDB exception
is thrown.
 EX 2: If the user enters an improper action, an IO exception is thrown.
2.11.Special Requirements:
 Integrity: User data should be accurate, complete, and consistent.
 Efficiency: Query processes should use memory efficiently within the stipulated time.
 Correctness: Retrieved data should be complete.
 Reliability: The system should accurately retrieve data from the data source.
2.12.Assumptions:
 Receptionists are able to provide valid and accurate information during the registration
process.
 Users will be able to use the website's registration functionality successfully.
 Users will have the necessary hardware and software to access the website and its
features.
 The website will provide appropriate error messages to users in case of any unexpected
issues or errors.
 Software Architecture Document
Rapido, the ubiquitous bike-taxi app, thrives on real-time data to optimize operations,
understand customer behavior, and ensure top-notch delivery performance. Underpinning this
data-driven approach is a robust multi-tier reporting architecture designed for efficient data
processing and insightful presentation.

User Interface (React.JS)

 User Interface represents the frontend of the application, the visual elements that users
interact with directly. It's built using React.js, a popular JavaScript library that allows
developers to create reusable UI components. React.js is known for its efficiency and
ability to handle complex UIs, making it a suitable choice for building modern web
applications.

Frontend Server (Node.js, Express.js)

 Frontend Server represents the server that sits between the user interface and the
backend services. It acts as a middleman, handling communication requests from the user
interface (usually through the browser) and relaying them to the appropriate backend
service. The frontend server also receives responses from the backend services and sends
them back to the user interface to update the application's view. In this case, the server is
 built using Node.js, a JavaScript runtime environment that allows developers to run
JavaScript code outside of a web browser, and Express.js, a web framework for Node.js
that simplifies server-side development by providing pre-built features for common web
application functionalities.

API Gateway

 API Gateway, which acts as an intermediary between the frontend server and the
various backend services. It routes incoming API requests from the frontend server to the
appropriate backend service based on the endpoint (URL) of the request. The API
Gateway also handles authentication and authorization tasks, ensuring that only
authorized users can access specific functionalities within the application. By using an
API Gateway, the architecture becomes more modular and scalable, as new backend
services can be integrated without affecting the frontend or other backend services.

MongoDB Database (User Data, Rides, Feedback)

 In this case, MongoDB is used, a NoSQL database that stores data in flexible documents
rather than rigid tables with predefined schemas. This makes MongoDB a suitable choice
for storing data that can vary greatly in structure, such as user profiles, ride information,
and user feedback, which may include text, ratings, and other unstructured data types.

External Weather API Integration

 The indicates that the application integrates with an external weather API. This means
the application can access real-time or forecast weather data from a third-party provider.
This data can then be incorporated into various aspects of the application, potentially
benefiting both riders and drivers. For example, riders might be able to see the weather
forecast at their destination before booking a ride, while drivers could use weather data to
plan their routes and avoid areas with bad weather conditions.

Development Team

 This box acknowledges the team of developers responsible for creating the application.
Their expertise in web development, API integration, and potentially weather data
analysis is crucial for building and maintaining the application.

Registered User and Rider Interaction Service

 It refers to a service that manages interactions between registered users, presumably

riders, within the app. The exact nature of these interactions depends on the app's
functionalities, but it could involve features like:
o Booking rides: Riders can search for available drivers, specify their pickup and
drop-off locations, and request a ride.
o Managing profiles: Riders can view and update their profile information,
including payment methods and ride preferences.
 o Contacting customer support: Riders can use the app to contact customer support
for assistance with any issues they encounter while using the application.

Weather API Integration Service

 It signifies a service specifically designed to handle the integration with the external
weather API. This service likely performs the following tasks:
o Fetching weather data: The service retrieves weather data from the external API
using appropriate API calls.
o Data processing: The service may process the raw weather data to make it usable
within the application. This could involve formatting the data, extracting relevant
information, and potentially combining it with other data sources within the
application.
o Providing weather data: The service makes the processed weather data available
to other parts of the application through well-defined interfaces (APIs). This
allows other components, such as the user interface or rider booking
functionalities, to access and leverage the weather information.

Overall Architecture

The web application depicted in the image follows a microservices architecture, where the
application is broken down into smaller, independent services that communicate with each other
through APIs. This approach offers several advantages:

 Modularity: Individual services can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently.

 Scalability: The architecture can be easily scaled by adding more instances of services as
needed to handle increased load.
 Maintainability: Smaller, focused services are easier to maintain and update compared
to a monolithic codebase.
 Fault Isolation: Issues in one service are less likely to impact other parts
 IMPLEMENTATION

FRONTEND SCREENSHOT:

BACKEND SCREENSHOT:
 TEST PLAN DOCUMENT

1.1 Purpose

This Test Plan outlines the approach for testing a Rapido clone, a two-wheeler ride-hailing
mobile application built using the MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js).
Created during the planning phase, this document serves as a guide for the project manager,
development team, and testing team. Certain sections may be shared with stakeholders for input
or approval on the testing process.

2. Functionality Testing

2.1 Test Risks and Issues

 User Input Validation: Incomplete or invalid user input during registration, login, and
booking could lead to unexpected behavior or crashes.
 Login, Registration, and Booking Modules: Critical functionalities requiring thorough
testing to ensure application stability.
 Database Performance: The database should be tested to handle peak loads without
compromising application responsiveness.

2.2 Items to be Tested

Feature Test Description Test Date Tester

Login with various credentials (valid, invalid, empty (Specify (Tester
Login Module
fields) Date) Name)
Registration Register with various user data (valid, invalid, (Specify (Tester
Module missing information) Date) Name)
Book rides with different pickup/drop-off locations, (Specify (Tester
Booking
timeframes, and rider/driver preferences Date) Name)
Test cancellation functionality from both rider and (Specify (Tester
Ride Cancellation
driver perspectives Date) Name)
Payment Simulate various payment scenarios (successful, (Specify (Tester
Processing failed, refunds) Date) Name)
User Profile Update profile information, view ride history, (Specify (Tester
Management manage payment methods Date) Name)
Driver Driver registration, profile management, order (Specify (Tester
Management acceptance/rejection Date) Name)
In-App Chat Test chat functionality between rider and driver for (Specify (Tester
(Optional) seamless communication Date) Name)
Verify push notifications for ride confirmations, (Specify (Tester
Push Notifications
cancellations, and other relevant updates Date) Name)
drive_spreadsheetExport to Sheets
2.3 Test Approach

1. Login Module: Ensure functionality with various test cases before proceeding to other
features.
2. Core Functionalities: Test registration, booking, cancellation, payment, and profile
management modules thoroughly.
3. User Roles: Test functionalities from both rider and driver perspectives (if applicable).
4. Edge Cases: Test the app's behavior under unusual or unexpected scenarios.

2.4 Pass/Fail Criteria

Success Criteria:

 The app functions smoothly across all targeted mobile devices and operating systems.
 All functionalities operate as intended without crashes or errors.
 User interface elements are displayed correctly and provide a user-friendly experience.
 Performance is acceptable under simulated peak loads.

Fail Criteria:

 Critical functionalities (login, booking, payment) fail to work consistently.

 Frequent crashes or errors occur during app usage.
 User interface elements are broken or displayed incorrectly on various devices.
 Performance issues significantly impact user experience.

2.5 Entry/Exit Criteria

Entry Criteria:

 All app functionalities are implemented and ready for testing.

 Testing environment (devices, emulators, simulators) is set up.
 Test cases are documented and reviewed.

Exit Criteria:

 All critical functionalities pass the defined test cases.

 Non-critical issues are documented with severity levels and potential mitigation plans.
 The app is deemed stable and ready for deployment (considering risk tolerance).

2.6 Test Deliverables

 Test cases document

 Test execution reports
 Defect logs
 Compatibility test report (if applicable)
2.7 Suspension/Resumption Criteria

Suspension:

 Critical bugs preventing core functionalities from working.

 Unforeseen environmental issues affecting testing validity.

Resumption:

 All critical bugs are fixed or workarounds are implemented.

 Environmental issues are resolved.

2.8 Staffing and Training Needs

 Software Test Engineer(s) with experience in mobile app testing.

 Test Lead to oversee testing activities and report progress.
 Access to a variety of mobile devices or emulators/simulators covering the target
platforms.
 Testers may require training on specific testing tools or methodologies (if applicable).

2.9 Security Testing (Optional)

 Include a section on security testing if relevant, outlining the approach for testing data
security, user authentication, and potential vulnerabilities.

3.1 Test Risks and Issues

 Invalid User Input: User input during various actions (login, booking, etc.) should be
validated to prevent unexpected behavior.
 Incomplete Functionality: Ensure all intended functionalities are implemented and
tested thoroughly.
 Database Integrity: Verify that data entered into the system is stored and retrieved
correctly in the database.

3.2 Items to be Tested

Feature Test Description Test Date Tester

Test login with various credentials (valid, (Specify (Tester
Login
invalid, empty fields) Date) Name)
Register with different user data (valid, invalid, (Specify (Tester
Registration
missing information) Date) Name)
Rider Profile Update profile information, view ride history, (Specify (Tester
Management manage payment methods Date) Name)
Driver Profile
Update profile information, manage (Specify (Tester
Management (if
availability, view earnings history Date) Name)
applicable)
Book rides with different pickup/drop-off
(Specify (Tester
Booking locations, timeframes, and rider/driver
Date) Name)
preferences
Test cancellation functionality from both rider (Specify (Tester
Ride Cancellation
and driver perspectives Date) Name)
Simulate various payment scenarios (Specify (Tester
Payment Processing
(successful, failed, refunds) Date) Name)
Search Functionality Test search functionality for riders to find (Specify (Tester
(Optional) drivers or specific ride options Date) Name)
Test in-app navigation tools to guide riders and (Specify (Tester
Navigation (Optional)
drivers Date) Name)
Test chat functionality between rider and driver (Specify (Tester
In-App Chat (Optional)
for seamless communication Date) Name)
Verify push notifications for ride
(Specify (Tester
Push Notifications confirmations, cancellations, and other relevant
Date) Name)
updates
drive_spreadsheetExport to Sheets

3.3 Test Approach

1. Prioritize Core Functionalities: Focus on testing login, registration, booking,

cancellation, and payment first.
2. Test with Different Data Sets: Use a variety of valid, invalid, and edge case data to
ensure system robustness.
3. Test from Multiple User Perspectives: Test functionalities from both rider and driver
viewpoints (if applicable).
4. Negative Testing: Include test cases that simulate unexpected user behavior or error
conditions.

3.4 Pass/Fail Criteria

Success Criteria:

 All functionalities operate as intended without crashes or errors.

 User input is validated appropriately, preventing invalid data from being processed.
 The system responds consistently across various use cases and data sets.
 Database interactions function correctly, storing and retrieving data accurately.

Fail Criteria:

 Critical functionalities (login, booking, payment) fail to work consistently.

 Frequent crashes or errors occur during app usage.
  Invalid user input is not detected or prevented.
 Database issues lead to data loss or inconsistencies.

3.5 Entry/Exit Criteria

Entry Criteria:

 All app functionalities are implemented and ready for testing.

 Testing environment (devices, emulators, simulators) is set up.
 Test cases are documented and reviewed.

Exit Criteria:

 All critical functionalities pass the defined test cases.

 Non-critical issues are documented with severity levels and potential mitigation plans.
 The app is deemed functionally stable and ready for further testing (performance,
usability).

3.6 Test Deliverables

 Test cases document

 Test execution reports
 Defect logs

3.7 Suspension/Resumption Criteria

Suspension:

 Critical bugs preventing core functionalities from working.

 Unforeseen environmental issues affecting testing validity.

Resumption:

 All critical bugs are fixed or workarounds are implemented.

 Environmental issues are resolved.

3.8 Staffing and Training Needs

 Software Test Engineer(s) with experience in mobile app testing.

 Test Lead to oversee testing activities and report progress.
 Access to a variety of mobile devices or emulators/simulators covering the target
platforms.
 Testers may require training on specific testing tools or methodologies (if applicable)

Rapido Clone: Performance Testing

 4.1 Test Risks and Issues

 Scalability: The app may not handle a high number of concurrent users without
performance degradation.
 Resource Utilization: Increased user load could strain system resources (CPU, memory)
leading to slowdowns.
 Database Performance: Database queries might become slow under high
load, impacting overall responsiveness.

4.2 Items to be Tested

Item Description Test Date Tester

Test response
times for login
Login & and registration (Specify (Tester
Registration functionalities Date) Name)
under various
user loads.

Test response
times for
search
Search & functionality (Specify (Tester
Booking and booking Date) Name)
requests with
varying user
concurrency.

Test
cancellation
functionality
Ride (Specify (Tester
performance
Cancellation Date) Name)
under high load
to ensure
responsiveness.

Test
performance of
Real-time
real-time (Specify (Tester
tracking
tracking Date) Name)
(Optional)
updates for
riders and
 drivers with
multiple users.

Test delivery
speed and
Push reliability of
(Specify (Tester
Notifications push
Date) Name)
(Optional) notifications
under high user
load.

drive_spreadsheetExport to Sheets

4.3 Test Approach

1. Define Performance Goals: Set specific performance benchmarks for response

times, throughput, and resource utilization.
2. Performance Test Environment: Set up a test environment that mimics real-world user
load and system resources.
3. Load Injection Tools: Utilize tools like JMeter, LoadNinja, or LoadView to simulate
concurrent users.
4. Test Scenarios: Design test scenarios that represent typical user behavior and application
usage patterns.
5. Monitor and Analyze: Monitor system performance metrics during testing and analyze
results to identify bottlenecks.

4.4 Pass/Fail Criteria

Success Criteria:

 The application meets or exceeds defined performance goals under various user loads.
 Response times remain acceptable for critical functionalities (login, booking).
 Resource utilization stays within acceptable thresholds to avoid system overload.

Fail Criteria:

 Application response times significantly exceed defined thresholds.

 Frequent crashes or errors occur due to performance issues.
 Resource utilization reaches critical levels, impacting system stability.

4.5 Entry/Exit Criteria

Entry Criteria:
 Functional testing is complete and the application is relatively stable.
 Performance testing environment is set up with appropriate tools and resources.
 Performance test cases are documented and reviewed.

Exit Criteria:

 All critical performance goals are met.

 Non-critical performance issues are documented with severity levels and potential
mitigation plans.
 The application is deemed performant enough to handle expected user load.

4.6 Test Deliverables

 Performance test plan

 Performance test scripts
 Performance test results report
 Performance bottlenecks identified (if any)

4.7 Suspension/Resumption Criteria

Suspension:

 Critical application crashes or errors preventing performance testing.

 Unexpected issues with performance testing tools or environment.

Resumption:

 Critical application issues are resolved.

 Performance testing environment issues are fixed.

4.8 Staffing and Training Needs

 Performance Test Engineer(s) with experience in load testing tools and methodologies.
 Testers may require training on specific performance testing tools (if applicable).

Unit Testing Process:

5.1Test Risks/Issues :

Unit testing focuses on verifying individual units function as expected. However,

incomplete testing or issues with mocking dependencies could lead to problems.

5.2Items to be Tested :

This section should list functionalities specific to your Rapido clone. Here are some
examples relevant to a Rapido clone:
5.3.Login Module: Test user authentication with various credentials (valid, invalid,
empty fields).

Registration Module:

Test user registration with different data sets (valid, invalid, missing information).

Geolocation Unit (Optional): Test location services for accuracy and functionality.

Ride Calculation Unit: Test calculation of fares based on distance, time, and other
relevant factors (like base fare, per-minute rate).

Navigation Unit (Optional): Test integration with mapping services and route calculation
accuracy.

(5.4)Test Approaches:

The document mentions three common approaches:

Black-Box Testing: Focuses on user interface, inputs, and outputs without considering
internal code.

White-Box Testing: Examines the internal logic and behavior of each unit based on code
structure.

Gray-Box Testing: Combines elements of both black-box and white-box testing.

Test Regulatory/Mandate Criteria (5.4): This refers to ensuring the system fulfills its
functional requirements and produces the expected outputs.

5.5 Pass/Fail Criteria :

Defines conditions for successful or failed unit tests. A successful test ensures the unit
functions as intended for valid inputs and handles invalid inputs gracefully.

5.6 Entry/Exit Criteria : Defines conditions for starting and stopping unit testing. Unit
testing can begin when the environment is ready, and it can stop when a certain level of
coverage is achieved and critical bugs are fixed.

5.7Test Deliverables :

The outputs of unit testing should include documented test cases, test summary reports,
and identified bug reports.

5.8Suspension/Resumption Criteria :
 Unit testing might be suspended due to software/hardware issues, redundant test data, or
lack of resources. It can resume when these issues are resolved.

Staffing/Training (5.9): Software Test Engineers and a Software Test Lead are typically
involved in unit testing. They may require training on specific unit testing tools
(Junit/NUnit mentioned here).

Converted User Acceptance Testing (UAT) Plan for Rapido Clone

6.1 Test Risks and Issues

 Functionality may not meet user expectations or business requirements.

 Usability issues might hinder user adoption.
 System performance may not be adequate under real-world usage.

6.2 Items to be Tested

Feature Test Description Test Date Tester

Test login and registration

Login & functionalities with various user roles (Specify (Tester
Registration (rider, driver, admin) and data sets Date) Name)
(valid, invalid, missing information).

Test search functionality for riders to

Search & find drivers, and booking process with (Specify (Tester
Booking different pickup/drop-off locations, Date) Name)
timeframes, and preferences.

Test functionalities for riders and

Ride drivers to manage ongoing rides (e.g., (Specify (Tester
Management track location, communicate, cancel Date) Name)
rides).

Test various payment scenarios

Payment (Specify (Tester
(successful, failed, refunds) for both
Processing Date) Name)
riders and drivers.

Test functionalities for users to update

User Profile (Specify (Tester
profiles, view ride history, manage
Management Date) Name)
payment methods.
 Test delivery speed and reliability of
Push
push notifications for ride (Specify (Tester
Notifications
confirmations, cancellations, and other Date) Name)
(Optional)
relevant updates.

Test chat functionality between rider

In-App Chat (Specify (Tester
and driver for seamless
(Optional) Date) Name)
communication.

drive_spreadsheetExport to Sheets

6.3 Test Approach

1. Develop UAT Test Plan: Define test scope, user roles, scenarios, and pass/fail criteria.
2. Identify Test Scenarios: Create detailed steps for users to perform actions and achieve
goals within the app.
3. Create UAT Test Cases: Document each test scenario with expected inputs, outputs, and
pass/fail conditions.
4. Prepare Test Data: Gather realistic user data for various test cases representing different
use cases.
5. Execute Test Cases: Users or testers manually interact with the app to validate
functionalities.
6. Record Results: Document test execution outcomes, including passed, failed, or blocked
tests with detailed descriptions.

6.4 Test Regulatory/Mandate Criteria

 The system should function as intended based on user stories and acceptance criteria.
 The user interface should be intuitive and user-friendly for all targeted user roles.
 System performance should be acceptable under expected user load conditions.

6.5 Test Pass/Fail Criteria

Pass Criteria:

 All critical UAT test cases are executed successfully.

 The system functions as expected for all core functionalities.
 Usability issues are minimal and do not significantly hinder user experience.

Fail Criteria:

 Critical bugs prevent core functionalities from working.

 Usability issues severely impact user ability to complete tasks.
 System performance falls below acceptable thresholds under expected load.
6.6 Test Entry/Exit Criteria

Entry Criteria:

 All functional, integration, and performance testing phases are complete.

 UAT test plan and test cases are documented and reviewed.
 A representative group of end-users (riders, drivers, admins) is identified for testing.

Exit Criteria:

 All critical UAT test case failures are resolved or mitigated.

 Non-critical issues are documented with severity levels and potential solutions.
 The system is deemed stable and usable for real-world deployment.

6.7 Test Deliverables

 UAT test plan

 UAT test cases
 UAT test execution report
 User acceptance test defect log

6.8 Test Suspension/Resumption Criteria

Suspension:

 Critical system crashes or errors preventing UAT completion.

 Unexpected issues with the testing environment.

Resumption:

 Critical system issues are resolved.

 Testing environment issues are fixed.

6.9 Test Environmental/Staffing/Training Needs

 Staff: Quality Assurance Manager, UAT Testers (representing rider, driver, admin roles).
 Environment: Access to a production-like environment or a staging environment
replicating real-world conditions.
 Training: Testers may require training on the specific functionalities of the Rapido clone
and UAT methodologies.
 CONCLUTION

The MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js) emerges as a powerful choice for
developing a Rapido-like ride-hailing application. This technology stack offers a compelling
blend of features that cater perfectly to the requirements of such a system. MERN's strength
lies in its ability to handle large amounts of data and user requests efficiently, ensuring a
smooth user experience. Additionally, real-time communication capabilities through libraries
like Socket.IO enable live updates on aspects like driver locations and ride status. The familiarity
and flexibility of the MERN stack for developers further contribute to a productive development
environment. Finally, the open-source nature of MERN makes it a cost-effective solution,
especially beneficial for startups or projects with budget limitations. In essence, the MERN stack
provides a solid foundation for building a robust, scalable, and user-friendly ride-hailing
application.

FUTURE WORKS

 Advanced Features:

 Integrate machine learning for dynamic pricing based on factors like demand, time, and
location.
 Implement gamification elements like loyalty programs and referral bonuses to enhance
user engagement.
 Explore in-app chat functionality for riders and drivers to facilitate communication.

 Security Enhancements:

 Prioritize robust authentication and authorization mechanisms to safeguard user data.

 Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for added login security.
 Integrate fraud detection and prevention systems to protect against fraudulent
transactions.

 Scalability and Performance:

 Explore containerization technologies like Docker for easier deployment and scaling.
 Implement caching mechanisms (e.g., Redis) to improve response times for frequently
accessed data.
 Utilize load balancing techniques to distribute traffic effectively across multiple servers.

 AI-powered Optimization:

 Integrate AI algorithms to optimize driver route planning and reduce wait times.
 Explore predictive maintenance features to anticipate vehicle issues and ensure driver
safety.
  Implement AI-powered chatbots for customer support to handle basic inquiries and
improve response efficiency.

 Emerging Technologies:

 Consider integrating real-time traffic data from services like Google Maps to provide
more accurate arrival times.
 Explore integrating with connected car features for in-app vehicle diagnostics and remote
unlocking capabilities (with user consent).
 Stay updated on advancements in self-driving car technology and prepare for potential
future integration.