COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II

PERFORM COMPUTER OPERATIONS

Computer Parts

System Unit- The main part of a microcomputer, sometimes called the chassis. It
includes the following parts: Motherboard, Microprocessor, Memory Chips, Buses,
Ports, Expansion Slots and Cards. Figure 1 shows Tower Type System Unit

Motherboard

A motherboard is the main printed circuit

board in general-purpose computers and other
expandable systems. It holds and allows
communication between many of the crucial
electronic component.
 3. CPU (Central Processing
Unit)- The processor is the
main “brain” or “heart” of a
computer system. It performs
all of the instructions and
calculations that are needed
and manages the flow of
information through a
Figure 3. Examples of CPU (Intel Core 2
computer.
Duo and AMD Athlon)

4. Primary storage- (internal storage, main memory or memory) is the computer's

working storage space that holds data, instructions for processing and processed data
(information) waiting to be sent to secondary storage.
Physically, primary storage is a collection of RAM chips.

Two (2) Types of Memory

a. ROM – (Read Only Memory) ROM is non-volatile, meaning it holds data even when
the power is ON or OFF.
b. RAM – (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile, meaning it holds data only when
the power is on. When the power is off, RAM's contents are lost.
 Figure 4. Examples of RAM
5. Expansion Bus
- A bus is a
data pathway between several
hardware components inside or
outside a computer. It does not
only connect the parts of the
CPU to each other, but also
links the CPU with other
important hardware.

Figure 5. Expansion Bus

Heat Sink
A heat sink is a passive heat exchanger that transfers
the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical
device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant,
where it is dissipated away from the device, thereby
allowing regulation of the device's temperature. In
computers, heat sinks are used to cool CPUs, GPUs,
and some chipsets and RAM modules. Heat sinks are
used with high-power semiconductor devices such as
power transistors and optoelectronics such as lasers
and light-emitting diodes, where the heat dissipation
ability of the component itself is insufficient to moderate its temperature.

One of the best and most common materials used to make heat sinks is copper. Copper has a very high thermal conductivity of 400
W/mK. It is, however, heavier than aluminum and more expensive.

Video Card or Graphic Card

A graphics card is a computer expansion card that

generates a feed of graphics output to a display device
such as a monitor. Graphics cards are sometimes
called discrete or dedicated graphics cards to
emphasize their distinction to integrated graphics
processor on the motherboard or the CPU. A graphics
processing unit that performs the necessary
computations is the main component in a graphics
card, but the acronym "GPU" is sometimes also used
to erroneously refer to the graphics card as a whole.
 6. Adapters
- Printed-circuit boards
(also called interface cards) that
enable the computer to use a
peripheral device for which it does
not have the necessary connections
or circuit boards. They are often
used to permit upgrading to a new
different hardware.
Figure 6. Adapter Network
( Adapter)

7. Power Supply Unit (PSU)

-
Installed in the back corner of the PC
case, next to the motherboard. It
converts 120vac (standard house
power) into DC voltages that are used
by other components in the PC.

Figure 7Switching mode power

supply

D. Ports - External connecting sockets on the outside of the computer. This is a

pathway into and out of the computer. A port lets users plug in outside peripherals,
such as monitors, scanners and printers.

Table 1. The Ports and their function

Type of Port Function Illustration
Serial Port Intended for serial type mouse and
older camera

Parallel Port Also called as printer port. This is

only for old model printer. It has 25
pins. It is a female port.
VGA (Video Used to connect monitors. It has
Graphic 15 pins and it is a female port.

Array) Port
USB High speed serial interface that is
(Universal used with almost all devices. It is
used to connect latest model
Serial Bus) printers, pen drives, cell phones
Port etc. it has 4 pins.

PS/2 Port Simple, 6-pin, low-speed serial

connections commonly dedicated to
a keyboard and mouse.

Power Port Intended for power cord.

S-Video Port S-Video connections are available

on certain source components and
video display devices, and offer a
higher level of video performance
over composite video signals.

Audio Port Intended for plugging in the speaker

or headset.

LAN (Local A physical interface often used for

Area terminating twisted pair type cables
used to connect computers onto a
Networking) local-area networks (LAN),
Port especially Ethernet RJ-45
connectors
D. Cables and Wires- A cable is most often two or more wires running side by side and
bonded, twisted or braided together to form a single assembly, but can also refer to a
heavy strong rope.

Table 2. The Cables and Connectors

Illustration Function
These jacks are intended for the PS/2 port
specifically for PS/2 type of keyboard and mouse.

This type of jack is intended for the audio and

microphone port.

S-video jack is obviously for S-Video port

This monitor jack is intended for the VGA (Video

Graphic Array) port

This USB (Universal Serial Bus) plug is intended

for USB port. Modern or new model of peripherals
like printer, camera, scanners and even other
portable computer attachments used USB type of
plugs.

This printer cable jack is intended for the parallel

port.
 RJ45 ("RJ" in RJ45 stands for "registered jack,"
since it is a standardized networking interface and
the "45" simply refers to the number of the
interface standard) is a type of connector
commonly used for Ethernet networking.

Power cord is the most important cord because it

connects the computer to the main source of electricity
to make it functional.

Links:

1. Parts of the Computer: http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=bySnX9ZHYvo&feature=player_em bedded

Bing Videos

2. Beginner’s Guide to Microsoft

http://bit.ly/2FY6NVT
 Ho to Use Multi-Tester
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DCF39DAEE&FORM=VIRE

Hot Check and Measure Resistor Value with Multimeter

Link:
https:/www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHM30qoaiHI

How to Read Ohmmeter scale sa VOM

Link:
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How to Read Voltmeter:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JXjWak9RdFY&t=149s

How to read Current with Multimeter

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P660htqkGiY

How To Read Electric Bill

Link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E7G8eNVFcF4