Marine Biofuel: B10M & B20M

Marine Biofuel: B10M & B20M

 Uniper Energy DMCC

Current Marine Fuel Emissions

With an estimated 80% of goods moved around the world by sea, maritime transport has
an important role in international trade. However, shipping emits high levels of carbon
dioxide. A study by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) puts this at around 940
million tonnes of carbon annually. An equally serious cause for concern is the pollution
caused by the high levels of sulphur in maritime fuels.

On 1st January 2020, IMO 2020 came into force, setting a new limit on the sulphur content
in maritime fuel oil. The rule “limits the sulphur in the fuel oil used on board ships
operating outside designated emission control areas to 0.50% m/m (mass by mass). It
became compulsory following an amendment to Annex VI of the International Convention
for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL).”*

* https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx

Reduction in Uniper’s direct carbon emissions

2017 2019 ≈30%

63.3 Million metric tons 47.0 Million metric tons Percentage Decrease
Source: Uniper

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Marine Biofuel: B10M & B20M

An Exciting New Fuel

To meet the need for clean, green renewable marine fuel, a partnership has been formed
between two leaders in their fields: Uniper, the largest fuel oil producer of the Middle
East, and the GCC’s leading net zero biofuel producer, Neutral Fuels.

Together, the two companies have created an entirely new fuel – Marine Biofuel –
which replaces conventional marine bunker fuels. Marine Biofuel enables the maritime
industry to meet the IMO standard under their ISO8217:2010 RMG380 specification,
cutting harmful carbon emissions and becoming part of the solution to climate change.

Marine Biofuels: B10M & B20M

The new Marine Biofuel is available in two blends: B10M and B20M. In simple terms,
they are made by adding Neutral Fuels EN14214 FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) to
Uniper’s very low sulphur fuel oil (VLSFO).
• B10M is 90% Uniper’s very low sulphur fuel oil (VLSFO) blended with 10%
Neutral Fuels EN14214 FAME.
• B20M is 80% Uniper’s VLSFO blended with 20% Neutral Fuels EN14214 FAME.
The benefits of marine biofuels are:
• No capital outlay
• No change to existing engines
• No need for aftermarket scrubbers
• No adjustments needed to engine lube oils

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 Uniper Energy DMCC

VLSFO Characteristics
Uniper’s VLSFO is produced by blending its own low sulphur straight-run residue
with low sulphur fuel oil from third party refineries. The result is a very stable,
high viscosity fuel oil blend, which complies with the ISO8217:2010 specification
for RGM380 marine fuel oil.

Biofuel Characteristics
Neutral Fuels has been producing international standards-compliant biofuel in
the UAE since 2011. Its net zero biofuel is a clean, green renewable fuel, which
immediately reduces engine carbon emissions to zero. Made exclusively from
waste cooking oil, Neutral Fuels net zero biofuel is a commercially viable drop-
in replacement for the harmful fossil fuel traditionally used in diesel engines.
Neutral Fuels products are third-party tested to European Standard EN14214,
American Standard ASTM D6751, UAE ESMA Standard for biodiesel UAE.S
5023:2018, and Indian standard IS15607-2016.

Uniper Strategic Sustainability Plan (SSP)

Commitments to climate action and security of supply
• Monitor and optimise the carbon intensity of Uniper’s
generation portfolio.
• Include decarbonisation activities as a focus area
for innovation.
• Promote lower-carbon fuels for energy generation.
Source: Uniper

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Marine Biofuel: B10M & B20M
Emission Reductions
Carbon: Neutral Fuels EN14214 FAME reduces carbon (and other) emissions to
net zero. All Neutral Fuels blends, such as B10M and B20M, reduce emissions
proportionately.
Net zero fuel balances the carbon emissions created in the production of the product
with the reduction of carbon emissions achieved to equal zero.

Other Gasses: Compared to fossil diesel, biofuel combustion significantly lowers the
production of air pollutants. Biofuel is also almost free of sulphur with a content lower
than 10 ppm, substantially reducing sulphur dioxide emissions.

ISCC Certified: Uniper’s B10M and B20M have a Certificate of Sustainability issued by ISCC
for the portion of EN14214 FAME in the blend. Uniper will issue a Proof of Sustainability
(PoS) to its customers on every biofuel loading.

Uniper Strategic Sustainability Plan (SSP)

Targets for climate action and security of supply
• Achieve carbon neutrality for our power generation portfolio in
Europe by 2035.
• Maintain a Group-wide carbon intensity threshold of 500g of
CO2 per kilowatt hour (on average) through 2020.
• Conduct, by 2022, at least 20 projects whose aims include
decarbonisation.
Source: Uniper, Carbon neutrality in reference to Direct Scope emissions and Carbon intensity calculated on average from 2018 to 2020

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 Uniper Energy DMCC

Water Content Acidity

There is no need for shipowners and Biofuel for blending does not have higher
engine manufacturers to be concerned acidity compared to regular hydrocarbon
with oxidation and microbiological growths diesel because:
because:
• EN14214 FAME acidity complies with the
• Neutral Fuels EN14214 FAME is produced EN14214 limit of a maximum of 0.5 mg
and delivered to the tank with nearly KOH/g.
zero-free water.
•
When EN14214 FAME is blended with
• Tanks are frequently monitored so that VLSFO, Uniper will guarantee a TAN of
zero-free water is removed before it can Max 2.5 mg KOH/g as required by ISO8217
settle. RMG standard.

• B10M and B20M are produced just prior Heat Content

to loading to the customer barge. When compared to pure EN14214 FAME,
B10M and B20M show a very similar
calorific value of around 44 MJ/kg.

$ % & ( ) *
Image
€2.7bn
Source: Uniper
Money
in total is being invested between now and the end of 2022, of which €1.2
Location Needle Shuffle Maximize Asterisk
billion is planned for new growth projects, some of which have already started.

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Marine Biofuel: B10M & B20M

Typical qualities of B10M & B20M

Neutral Fuels and Uniper have run extensive tests on B10M and B20M in their lab in
Fujairah, UAE, with the following results:

Test Method Unit Specifications Result

Marine Biofuels blends with VLSFO

EN14214 FAME B10M B20M

Kinematic Viscosity @50”C ISO 3104 cSt Max 380 4.036 114.8 76.2

Density @ 15”C EN ISO 12185 kg/l Max 0.9910 0.8823 0.923 0.9217

Sulphur EN ISO 8754 % mass Max 0.50 0.0007 0.485 0.485

Flashpoint DIN ISO 2719 °C Min 60.0 110 - -

Acid Number ASTM D 664 mgKOH/g Max 2.5 0.47 1.44 1.24

Total Sediment Potential ISO 10307-2 mass % Max 0.10 - 0.01 0.01

Micro Carbon Residue EN ISO 10370 mass % Max 18.0 0.04 7.11 6.77

Pour Point ISO 3016 °C Max 30 3 24 18

Water by Distillation ISO 3733 vol % Max 0.50 <0.05 0.1 0.1

Ash Content EN ISO 6245 mass % Max 0.10 0.002 0.022 0.021

Metals by ICP

Vanadium mg/kg Max 350 <1 19 19

Sodium mg/kg Max 100 <1 14 14

Aluminium + Silicon IP 501 mg/kg Max 60 <15 (<2) <15 (1+3) <15 (1+3)

Zinc mg/kg Max 15 <1 1 1

Phosphorous mg/kg Max 15 <1 1 <1

Calcium mg/kg Max 30 <1 30 27

*Fuel shall be considered to contain ULO when either one of the following conditions is met:
Calcium >30 and Zinc > 15 or Calcium >30 and Phosphorous >15

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 Uniper Energy DMCC

Additional Parameters
Test Method Unit Specifications Result

Marine Biofuels blends with VLSFO

EN14214 FAME B10M B20M

CFPP IP 309 °C Report 1 - -

Cloud point ASTM D 2500 °C Report 2 - -

Cleanliness &
Compatibility test
ASTM D 4740

Cleanliness rating 1 - -

Compatibility rating - 1 1

Gross Heat of Combustion ASTM D 4868 MJ/kg Report 45.063 44.194 44.216

Gross Heat of Combustion ASTM240 MJ/kg Report 39.666 43.557 43.456

Water & Sediment ASTM D 2709 vol % Max 0.05% <0.05

Water by Karlfisher ASTM D 6304 mg/kg Max 500 174 - -

Acidity ISO 660 mgKOH/g Max 0.50 0.44

Uniper Energy DMCC, a Uniper group company
Registered office:
Uniper Energy DMCC
Jumeirah Lake Towers (JLT)
Almas Tower, Office 7-H
P.O. Box 346067
Dubai, United Arab Emirates

T: +971 4 275 9600

E: [email protected]
www.uniper.energy/energy-sales-trading/marine-fuels

Uniper Energy Fujairah FZE, a Uniper group company

Registered office: Fujairah Free Zone, P.O. Box: 50346, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates