Materials we use

Steel:
Mild Steel
Mild steel is a type of carbon steel with a low amount of carbon – it is also known as “low carbon
steel.” Less carbon means that mild steel is typically more duc le, machinable, and weldable than
high carbon and other steels. The low carbon content means it has very li le carbon and other
alloying elements generally resul ng in less tensile strength than high carbon and alloy steels. Mild
steel also has a high amount of iron and ferrite, making it magne c. The lack of alloying elements
such as those found in stainless steel means that the iron in mild steel is subject to oxida on (rust) if
not properly coated. But the negligible number of alloying elements also helps mild steel to be
rela vely a ordable when compared with other steels. It is the a ordability, weldability, and
machinability that make it such a popular choice of steel for consumers
Reference: h ps://www.metalsupermarkets.com/what-is-mild-steel/

Stainless Steel
Stainless steel is not rust-free; it is as described stainless. The two main types of stainless steel that
we use are grades 304 and 316. The main di erences between the two grades are the composi on
of the stainless in manufacture. Grade 304 contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel, whereas grade
316 contains 16% chromium and 10 % nickel with the addi on of 2% molybdenum. It is the
molybdenum in grade 316 that helps to resist corrosion from salt in seawater and winter gri ng.
Grade 316 is usually referred to as Marine grade as it is be er suited to coastal areas than 304.

Aluminium
Aluminium is the world’s most abundant metal and is the third most common element comprising
8% of the earth’s crust. The versa lity of aluminium makes it the most widely used metal a er steel.
Pure aluminium is so , duc le, corrosion resi ant and has a high ele rical conduc vity. It is widely
used for foil and condu or cables, but alloying with other elements is necessary to provide the
higher rengths needed for other applica ons. Aluminium is one of the lighte engineering metals,
having a rength-to-weight ra o superior to eel.

Aluminium has a density of around one-third that of eel or copper making it one of the lighte
commercially available metals.

By u lising various combina ons of its advantageous proper es su as rength, lightness, corrosion
resi ance, recyclability and formability, aluminium is being employed in an ever-increasing number
of applica ons.
st
ti
ti
st
st
ti
ff
tt
ft
ct
ti
ti
ti
ti
ti
ti
ff
st
st
st
tt
ti
ti
ti
ti
ff
ch
ct
st
tt
st
ti
ti
ft
tti
st
ti
 Reference: https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2863

Galvanized steel:
Galvanized eel is a type of eel that has been galvanized by the applica on of a zinc coa ng
throughout its body so that it can be prote ed from corroding or rus ng. Galvanized eel has a
longer life and durability compared to non-galvanized eel. The applica on process of zinc on a eel
ru ure is called "galvaniza on."
Galvanized eel is among the mo popular eel types because of its extended durability, the
rength and formability of eel plus the corrosion protec on of the zinc-iron coa ng. The zinc
prote s the base metal by ac ng as a barrier to corrosive elements, and the sacri cial nature of the
coa ng results in a long-las ng and high-quality eel produ .
Reference: h ps://www.na onalmaterial.com/galvanized-steel-types-uses-bene ts/
#:~:text=What%20is%20Galvanizing%3F,is%20called%20hot%2Ddip%20galvanizing.
h ps://www.corrosionpedia.com/de ni on/2153/galvanized-steel

Corten Steel :
Corten steel is o en referred to as Cor–Ten and broken down into two key elements. Cor refers to
the corrosion resistance and Ten is for the Tensile strength. This is also known as “Atmospheric
Corrosion Resistant” enabling the surface to “rust” whilst maintaining its structural integrity. The
surface rust (known as oxida on) can take up to six months to appear, however applying a vinegar-
based solu on can accelerate the oxida on to hours rather than months. The rust that forms o ers
a protec ve barrier and prevents further rus ng while giving a natural aged e ect to any product it is
used in (sea ng, Sculpture etc). Considera on needs to be taken where to locate the nished
product as over a long period of me, weathering can make the colour run.

Wood:
Iroko:
Iroko is a medium-heavy, medium-hard exo c wood with a yellow-brown to dark brown colour.

It is a very durable wood, hardly impregnable, whi does not require any preserva ve treatment.

These characteris cs make iroko a tropical wood suitable for:

• exterior joinery and outdoor furniture

• shipbuilding

• construc on of bridges, frameworks and railway sleepers

The mber dries well and fairly rapidly, with only a slight tendency to distor on and spli ng.
st
st
tt
ti
ct
ti
ct
ti
ti
ti
st
st
ti
tt
ft
ti
ti
ti
st
st
ti
ti
ti
ti
st
fi
ti
ti
ti
ct
st
ti
ti
st
ch
st
ti
ct
ti
ti
ti
ti
ff
fi
fi
ti
ti
st
fi
tti
ti
ff
st
 Iroko has excellent strength proper es, comparing well with teak, though weaker in bending and in
compression along the grain.

It is a very durable wood; iroko does not require regular treatment with oil or varnish when used
outdoors, although it is very di cult to work with tools as it tends to splinter easily, and blunts tools
very quickly.

Reference: h ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iroko

https://www.trada.co.uk/wood-species/iroko/

Red Meran :

Reference: h ps://cameroon mberexport.com/meran -wood-proper es-characteris cs-uses/

Coconut Palm Wood: Please refer to the a ached PDF.

Why Coconut wood?
Because it is "the most eco-friendly natural wood" that has zero impact on forests.
Every 100 to 120 years, the coconut palm's ability to yield fruit declines. Since the fruit is more
valuable than the wood, the owner removes the tree and replaces it with fresh saplings.
Coconut wood was long used as rewood because it is too di cult to cut. New tungsten and
diamond cu ng tool technology allowed for the cu ng and processing of this wood.
We now use this extremely hard wood, which is "eco-friendly natural wood," to make durable, long-
las ng street furniture.

Bamboo wood
Bamboo is a rela vely new type of wood. From a botanical point of view, bamboo is a collec ve
name for a group of grass species.
Bamboo is neither a hardwood nor a so wood, but a wood made from a grass species
Bamboo wood is known as a very sustainable material as the bamboo stems grow quickly in places
where other crops have di culty growing, they also store a lot of CO2 during growth and, a er
produc on, have a long life me, similar to wood. Sustainability when looking at bamboo wood
means that it is both environmentally friendly and has a long lifespan. This is why bamboo is seen as
the ideal building material of the future.
o More stable: because it is always laminated or compressed, there is less deforma on
ti
ti
ti
tti
tt
tt
ti
ffi
ti
ti
ffi
fi
ti
ft
tt
tti
ti
ffi
ti
ti
ti
ft
ti
 o More re resistant: because compressed bamboo wood has a higher density than most
wood types, it is more re resistant.
o More consistent quality: because each bamboo product is machine-produced, the quality of
the material is consistent and reliable, provided that reliable brands are selected.

WPC
wood plas c composite (WPC) is a material created from a unique blend of natural wood and plas c
bers. Sawdust, pulp, bamboo, peanut hulls and unused woodworking materials, like bark, from a
variety of projects, are combined with plas c powder to form WPC.
The greatest advantage of WPC is its environmentally friendly approach of using waste wood and
recycled plas c material. Wood composite plas cs have low maintenance cost as compared to that
of solid wood. One of the main reasons responsible for the fast growth of WPC is its low-life cycle
cost.
Reference: h ps://extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/what-is-wood-plas c-composite.html
h ps://www.generalkinema cs.com/blog/wood-plas c-composite-uses-bene ts/
#:~:text=What%20is%20Wood%20Plas c%20Composite,plas c%20powder%20to%20form%20WPC.

HPL
HPL or High Pressure Laminate: HPL is about the most durable laminate available. It is made of
several sheets of paper that get bonded together using high pressure presses. It is used in many
horizontal applica ons such as counter tops and higher quality table tops. On ver cal surfaces, it is
commonly used for doors and drawer fronts of cabinets. HPL has higher impact resistance than most
other laminates.
High pressure laminate is considered one of the mo durable decora ve surface materials. It
performs well in both horizontal and ver cal applica ons, appearing in furniture, cabinetry, ooring
and wall treatments.

HPL is durable and therefore well-suited for surfaces in high-tra c areas in the home, as well as
retail, corporate and hospitality se ngs. It is o en u lized on both ver cal and horizontal surfaces in
hospitals and clinics.

It is considered to be one of the mo durable decora ve surface materials and is available with
special performance proper es including emical, re and wear resi ance.

Reference: https://www.compositepanel.org/products/decorative-surfaces/high-pressure-
laminates/

Stone
Granite:
one of the mo durable and a rac ve of all natural ones. It is consi s of quartz, feldspar and
mica; during forma on it cooled very slowly whi results in it being second only to diamonds in its
hardness. Due to its resi ance to aking, scrat ing and scor ing, granite is the number one oice
in natural one for contemporary reet furniture. It is the key oice for crea ng furniture whi
fi
tt
fi
st
ti
tt
ti
st
ti
ti
fi
st
ti
ti
tt
tti
fl
st
ti
st
ti
ti
ch
ti
ft
ch
ti
ch
st
fi
ti
ti
st
ti
ti
ti
ch
ffi
ch
ti
st
st
ti
ti
fi
ti
ti
fl
ch
ch
ti
 can be placed in any reet scene, with minimal maintenance. The beauty of granite or one
produ s is that over a long period of me, it does not lose its arm appeal and elegance. It will not
fade or look dated, its rus c appeal will lend an enigma c tou to the whole proje ambiance.
Granite is available in various colours and tones and you can pi a variety of colours that will
complement the proje you are working on. Depending on your preference, you can sele a colour
that will blend within its surroundings or and apart due to its contras ng appearance. If you are
looking for natural beauty then oosing granite reet furniture for your proje is a key decision.
Available in a wide range of surface nishes to suit the proje brief, granite will add elegance to any
Proje .
Polished nish: High gloss, smooth nish.
Honed nish: Sa n sheen, smooth nish
Hammered nish: The surface of the stone is hammered resul ng in an even, medium textured
nish.
Reference: h ps://bollardstreet.com/materials-we-use/

GRP: Please refer to the a ached PDF

The Glass Reinforced Plas c (GRP) used in our furniture is strong, light and versa le. Products
moulded out of Polypol-1003, which is medium viscosity, medium reac vity, general-purpose,
Thixotropic, pre-accelerated unsaturated polyester resin, are designed to give the fastest wetout of
breglass reinforcements, higher glass-to-resin ra on leading to be er coverage, rapid cures and
rapid moulding cycles. Our GRP comes in three types of nishes: metal-infused, Metal Matched
Paints (MMP) and solid colour resin. Our care kits for general maintenance and repair include a can
of acrylic enamel paint and catalyst for standard nishes or a can of resin and a small bo le of
catalyst for metallic nishes. For longer warranty elements we propose a Jotun Guaranteed Coa ng
Methodology with Polyeurathane paint system.
fi
fi
ct
ct
fi
fi
fi
tt
ti
fi
st
ct
ti
ti
tt
ch
fi
fi
fi
ti
st
fi
st
ti
ti
fi
ct
ch
ti
ch
ck
tt
ti
ti
ct
ti
ct
st
tt
ct
ti