SMART LOCK BASED ON PASSWORD

A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by

S .DIVYA (421321106010)
M.HARISHA (421321106015)
K.LALITHA KUMARI (421321106026)
S.MUGILA (421321106030)
R.SRINITHI (421321106044)

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

KRISHNASAMY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

CUDDALORE-607109

ANNA UNIVERSITY :: CHENNAI - 600 025

MARCH - 2024
 BONAFIDE CERITIFICATE

Certified that this project report “SMART LOCK BASED ON PASSWORD” is the
bonafide of “S.DIVYA(421321106010), M.HARISHA(421321106015), K.LALITHA
KUMARI(421321106026), S.MUGILA(421321106030), R. SRINITHI (421321106044)”
who carried out the project under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

Er. (Mrs) .S.SENTHAZHAI M.E., Er. (Ms).V.SUDHA M.E.,M.I.S.T.E.,

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT SUPERVISOR

Associate professor, Assistant professor,

Electronics and communication Electronics and Communication
Engineering, Engineering,
Krishnasamy College of Engineering Krishnasamy College of Engineering
And Technology, And Technology,
Cuddalore-607109. Cuddalore-607 109.

Submitted of the Project Work Viva-Voce Examination held on…………………

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all we thank the almighty for showering the blessings on us for the completion of
our project. We thank our parents for being supportive during all time finishing this project.

We hereby place a record of deep sense of gratitude to our beloved Chairman

Dr.K.RAJENDRAN M.S, F.I.C.S, F.A.I.S, for his interest and affection towards
throughout the course.

Our sincere thanks to our respected principal Dr.G.ELANGO M.E, PhD, for
encouraging us throughout our project.

We are very much thankful to our beloved Vice-Principal Dr.K.RAGHU M.Sc.,

M.Phil., PhD., who kindly consented in forwarding our project work and encouraged us in
the successful completion of the same.

We take privilege to extend to our hearty thanks to our Head of the Department
of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Er. (Mrs).S.SENTHAZHAI M.E., for
her commendable support during the course of our project.

We deem it pleasure and proud to record our hearty and sincere thanks to our guide
Er.(Ms).V.SUDHA, M.E., M.I.S.T.E., Assistant Professor for her encouraging and
stimulating guidance who helped us for the worthy presentation and accomplishment
for this project work.

We would like to thank both Teaching and Non-Teaching staff of Department

of Electronics and Communication Engineering for all their help in completion of the project
successfully.
 SMART LOCK BASED ON PASSWORD

S.NO CONTENT PG.NO

1 Abstract 2
1.Introduction
2.Objective
2
Theoretical foundations 4

3 Implementation of project 4-7

1.Things required
2.Circuit diagram and connection

4 Coding and output

8-9

5 Advantages 10

6 Conclusion 11

7 Future scope 12

8 References 13

1|Page
 1. Abstract:
The advent of smart technology has revolutionized various aspects of our lives, including home
security systems. This project focuses on the design and implementation of a smart door lock
system utilizing Arduino Uno, a breadboard, a servo motor, and a 4x4 keypad. The primary
objective of this project is to enhance the security of residential or commercial premises by
replacing traditional lock and key mechanisms with a more sophisticated and efficient solution.
The smart door lock system incorporates advanced features such as password protection,
remote access control, and integration with home automation systems. Through the use of
Arduino Uno as the central microcontroller, the system allows users to securely lock and
unlock doors using a personalized numeric code entered via the keypad. The servo motor
mechanism enables smooth and reliable operation of the locking mechanism, ensuring quick
and responsive door locking.This project report provides a detailed overview of the theoretical
principles behind each component used in the system, the step-bystep implementation process,
and the advantages of adopting a smart door lock system. Additionally, it discusses potential
areas for future development and improvement, laying the foundation for further research in
the field of smart security systems.

Introduction:
In recent years, the proliferation of smart devices and IoT technology has transformed the way
we interact with our surroundings, with a particular emphasis on enhancing convenience and
security in residential and commercial settings. Traditional lock and key mechanisms, while
reliable to some extent, are prone to vulnerabilities such as unauthorized duplication of keys,
lock picking, and forced entry. As a result, there has been a growing demand for more
sophisticated and secure alternatives, leading to the emergence of smart door lock systems.The
smart door lock system presented in this project represents a significant advancement in the
field of home security, leveraging the power of Microcontrollers, servo motors, and keypads
to create a robust and efficient locking mechanism. By integrating these components into a
cohesive system, users can enjoy enhanced security features such as customizable access
codes, remote access control via mobile devices, and real-time monitoring of door activity.
One of the key components of the smart door lock system is the Arduino Uno microcontroller,
which serves as the brain of the operation. Arduino Uno provides the necessary processing
power and input/output capabilities to interface with other components, execute the
programmed logic, and control the operation of the servo motor. Its open-source nature and
user-friendly development environment make it an ideal platform for prototyping and
developing innovative solutions in the field of home automation and security. The servo motor
plays a crucial role in the locking mechanism, translating the digital signals from the Arduino
Uno into physical movement to actuate the locking mechanism. With its precise control and
smooth operation, the servo motor ensures reliable locking and unlocking of the door,
2|Page
minimizing the risk of mechanical failure or jamming. Additionally, its compact size and low
power consumption make it suitable for integration into various door lock designs, including
both residential and commercial applications.Another key component of the smart door lock
system is the 4x4 keypad, which serves as the user interface for entering access codes and
interacting with the system. The keypad allows users to input their personalized numeric code
to unlock the door securely, providing an additional layer of security compared to traditional
keys. Additionally, the use of a keypad eliminates the need for physical keys, reducing the risk
of loss or theft and simplifying the process of granting access to authorized users.Overall, the
smart door lock system represents a significant advancement in the field of home security,
offering a combination of convenience, efficiency, and robustness that is unmatched by
traditional lock and key mechanisms. By harnessing the power of smart technology, this
project aims to empower users with greater control over their security and peace of mind,
paving the way for safer and smarter homes and businesses.

Objective:
The primary objective of the smart door lock project is to design and implement a secure and
user-friendly locking system for residential or commercial premises. The project aims to
address the limitations of traditional lock and key mechanisms by leveraging the power of
smart technology to enhance security, convenience, and accessibility.

1. Enhanced Security: The project seeks to provide a higher level of security compared
to traditional locks by implementing features such as password protection and encryption. By
requiring users to enter a personalized numeric code via the keypad, the system prevents
unauthorized access and minimizes the risk of intruders gaining entry through conventional
means.
2. Convenience: In addition to improving security, the smart door lock system aims to
enhance user convenience by eliminating the need for physical keys. Instead, users can
securely unlock the door using a unique access code, reducing the risk of lost or stolen keys
and simplifying the process of granting access to authorized individuals.
3. Remote Access Control: Another key objective of the project is to enable remote access
control via mobile devices or web interfaces. By integrating the smart door lock system with
IoT technology, users can remotely monitor and control the status of their door locks from
anywhere with an internet connection, providing added flexibility and peace of mind.
4. Integration with Home Automation Systems: The project aims to facilitate seamless
integration with existing home automation systems, allowing users to incorporate the smart
3|Page
door lock into their broader smart home ecosystem. This integration opens up possibilities for
advanced automation and customization, such as linking the door lock with motion sensors,
security cameras, and voice activated assistants.

3. Theoretical foundation:
The smart door lock system utilizes several key components, each operating based on
fundamental principles of electronics and programming:
1. Arduino Uno: At the heart of the system lies the Arduino Uno microcontroller, which
serves as the central processing unit responsible for controlling the operation of the entire
system. Arduino Uno is programmed using the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development
Environment), which allows users to write and upload code to the microcontroller. Its
versatility, ease of use, and wide range of compatible sensors and actuators make it an ideal
choice for prototyping and developing IoT applications.
2. Servo Motor: The servo motor is a rotary actuator that allows for precise control of
angular position, velocity, and acceleration. It consists of a DC motor, gearbox, and feedback
mechanism (potentiometer or encoder) packaged into a single compact unit. By sending pulse-
width modulation (PWM) signals to the servo motor, the Arduino Uno can accurately position
the motor shaft to control the locking mechanism of the door.
3. 4x4 Keypad: The 4x4 keypad provides the user interface for entering access codes and
interacting with the smart door lock system. It consists of a matrix of buttons arranged in rows
and columns, with each button corresponding to a specific alphanumeric character or function.
When a button is pressed, the keypad sends a unique electrical signal to the Arduino Uno,
which interprets the signal and performs the corresponding action (e.g., unlocking the door).

4.Implementation:
The implementation of the smart door lock system involves several steps, including hardware
assembly, software development, and testing:
1. Hardware Assembly : The first step is to assemble the hardware components, including
the Arduino Uno, breadboard, servo motor, and 4x4 keypad, according to the circuit
diagram provided. This involves connecting the components using jumper wires and
ensuring that all connections are secure and properly insulated to prevent short circuits.
2. Software Development: Once the hardware is assembled, the next step is to develop the
software logic that will control the operation of the smart door lock system. This involves
writing code in the Arduino IDE to define the behavior of the system, including how it

4|Page
 responds to user input from the keypad, manages access codes, and controls the servo
motor to lock and unlock the door.
3. Testing and Debugging: After writing the code, the system undergoes rigorous testing
to ensure that it functions as intended and is free of errors or bugs. This includes testing
various scenarios such as entering valid and invalid access codes, testing the
responsiveness of the servo motor, and simulating different environmental conditions to
assess the system's reliability and robustness.
4. Integration and Deployment: Once the system has been tested and debugged, it is ready
for integration into the target environment (e.g., residential or commercial premises). This
involves mounting the hardware components onto the door or door frame, connecting any
additional peripherals or sensors, and configuring the system settings according to the
user's preferences.
By following these implementation steps, the smart door lock system can be successfully
deployed and operated, providing users with a secure and convenient solution for controlling
access to their premises.

1.Things required:
Follows are the list of components that you need for this project
1. Arduino UNO Board:

2. 4x3 Keypad;
5|Page
3. 16x2 LCD Display

4. Potentiometer 10K

5. SG90 Servo Motor

6. Buzzer 5V

7. Connecting Wires

8. Breadboard
2.Circuit diagram and connection :

6|Page
First of all, we will make a connection to the 4×3 Keypad. For connecting the keypad with
the Arduino we are using digital pins D1 to D7. Connect all seven pins of the keypad to
analog pins D1 ~ D7 of Arduino.

Connection

To connect the servo motor with the Arduino, use digital pin D9 of Arduino to output the
PWM pin of the servo motor. Now connect the positive wire of the buzzer to the pin D10 of
Arduino and the negative wire to the ground.

Now we will connect the 16×2 LCD to the Arduino.

1. Connect pin 1,3,5,16 of LCD to the GND.
2. Connect pin 2,15 of LCD to the VCC (5V).
3. Connect pin 4 of LCD to pin A0 of Arduino.
3. Connect pin 6 of LCD to pin A1 of Arduino.
3. Connect pin 11 of LCD to pin A2 of Arduino. 3.
Connect pin 12 of LCD to pin A3 of Arduino. 3.
Connect pin 13 of LCD to pin A4 of Arduino.
3. Connect pin 14 of LCD to pin A5 of Arduino.

Here is another version of the Schematic designed using EasyEDA software. The Arduino
UNO Board is replaced by Arduino Nano Board.

7|Page
5.Coding:
#include <Servo.h>
#include <Keypad.h>
Servo ServoMotor;
Char* password = “953”; // change the password here, pick any 3 numberS
Int position = 0;
Const byte ROWS = 4;
Const byte COLS = 4;
Char keys[ROWS][COLS] = {
{‘1’,’2’,’3’,’A’},
{‘4’,’5’,’6’,’B’},
{‘7’,’8’,’9’,’C’},
{‘*’,’0’,’#’,’D’}
};
Byte rowPins[ROWS] = { 8, 7, 6, 9 };
Byte colPins[COLS] = { 5, 4, 3, 2 };
Keypad keypad = Keypad( makeKeymap(keys), rowPins, colPins, ROWS, COLS ); Int
RedpinLock = 12;
Int GreenpinUnlock = 13;

Void setup()
{
ServoMotor.attach(11);
LockedPosition(true);
}
Void loop()
{
Char key = keypad.getKey();

8|Page
If (key == ‘*’ || key == ‘#’)
{
Position = 0;
LockedPosition(true);
}
If (key == password[position])
{
Position ++;
}
If (position == 3)
{
LockedPosition(false);
}
Delay(100);
}
Void LockedPosition(int locked)
{
If (locked)
{ digitalWrite(RedpinLock, HIGH);
digitalWrite(GreenpinUnlock, LOW);
ServoMotor.write(11);
}
Else { digitalWrite(RedpinLock,
LOW); digitalWrite(GreenpinUnlock,
HIGH);
ServoMotor.write(90);
}
}

9|Page
6.Advantages:
The smart door lock system offers numerous advantages over traditional lock and key
mechanisms, making it an attractive option for residential and commercial applications:
1. Enhanced Security: One of the primary advantages of the smart door lock system is its
ability to provide enhanced security compared to traditional locks. By incorporating features
such as password protection, encryption, and remote access control, the system reduces the
risk of unauthorized entry and minimizes vulnerabilities associated with physical keys.
Additionally, the use of advanced authentication methods such as biometric recognition or
two-factor authentication can further enhance security and deter potential intruders.
2. Convenience: The smart door lock system offers unparalleled convenience for users by
eliminating the need for physical keys. Instead of fumbling with keys or worrying about lost
or stolen keys, users can securely unlock the door using a personalized access code entered
via the keypad. This not only simplifies the process of entering and exiting the premises but
also allows users to grant temporary access to visitors or service providers without the need
for physical keys.
3. Remote Access Control: One of the standout features of the smart door lock system is
its ability to enable remote access control via mobile devices or web interfaces. This allows
users to monitor and control the status of their door locks from anywhere with an internet
connection, providing added flexibility and peace of mind. Whether they're at work, on
vacation, or simply away from home, users can remotely lock or unlock their doors, receive
notifications of door activity, and even grant temporary access to trusted individuals.
4.Integration with Home Automation Systems: Another significant advantage of the smart
door lock system is its seamless integration with existing home automation systems. By
connecting the door lock to a broader smart home ecosystem, users can unlock a wide range
of advanced automation and customization options. For example, they can link the door lock
with motion sensors, security cameras, and voiceactivated assistants to create a comprehensive
security solution that adapts to their specific needs and preferences.
5. Audit Trail and Activity Logging: The smart door lock system often includes features
such as audit trails and activity logging, which provide users with detailed records of door
activity over time. This allows users to track who accessed the premises and when, providing
valuable insights for security monitoring and accountability purposes. Whether it's keeping
tabs on children's comings and goings or monitoring the activities of household staff or tenants,
the ability to review door activity logs can be invaluable for maintaining peace of mind and
ensuring security.
6. Customizable Access Levels: Unlike traditional locks, which typically offer binary
access (either locked or unlocked), the smart door lock system allows for customizable access
levels and permissions. Users can create multiple access codes with different levels of
10 | P a g e
privileges, granting full access to family members, limited access to guests or service
providers, and temporary access to contractors or delivery personnel. This granular control
over access helps to enhance security while accommodating the diverse needs of users in
residential and commercial settings.
7. Low Maintenance: Smart door lock systems often require minimal maintenance
compared to traditional locks, which may need periodic lubrication or repairs due to wear and
tear. With fewer moving parts and electronic components designed for durability, smart door
locks are less prone to mechanical failure and can provide years of reliable service with
minimal upkeep. This not only reduces the hassle and cost of maintenance but also ensures
uninterrupted security for users.
8. Energy Efficiency: Some smart door lock systems incorporate energy-efficient features
such as low-power standby modes or automatic shutoffs, helping to conserve energy and
reduce electricity consumption. By optimizing power usage and minimizing idle time, these
systems contribute to environmental sustainability while also lowering utility bills for users.

7.Conclusion:
In conclusion, the smart door lock project represents a significant advancement in the field of
home security, offering a secure, convenient, and efficient solution for controlling access to
residential and commercial premises. Throughout the course of this project, we have
successfully designed and implemented a smart door lock system using Arduino Uno, a
breadboard, a servo motor, and a 4x4 keypad, demonstrating the potential of smart technology
to revolutionize traditional lock and key mechanisms. The project began with a comprehensive
exploration of the theoretical principles behind each component used in the system, including
the Arduino Uno microcontroller, servo motor, and keypad. By understanding the underlying
concepts of electronics and programming, we were able to develop a solid foundation for the
implementation of the smart door lock system.The implementation phase involved assembling
the hardware components, writing and testing the software logic, and integrating the system
into the target environment. Through careful planning and meticulous attention to detail, we
were able to overcome various challenges and obstacles encountered during the development
process, ultimately achieving a functional and reliable smart door lock system. One of the key
advantages of the smart door lock system is its ability to enhance security by incorporating
advanced features such as password protection, encryption, and remote access control. By
replacing traditional keys with personalized access codes, the system reduces the risk of
unauthorized entry and provides users with greater control over who can access their premises.
Additionally, the integration of remote access control capabilities allows users to monitor and
control their door locks from anywhere with an internet connection, providing added
convenience and peace of mind. Furthermore, the smart door Lock system offers seamless
integration with existing home automation systems, enabling users to unlock a wide range of

11 | P a g e
advanced automation and customization options. Whether it's linking the door lock with
motion sensors, security cameras, or voice-activated assistants, the system provides users with
unparalleled flexibility and control over their security environment. Looking ahead, the smart
door lock project has significant potential for future development and expansion. One area for
future exploration is the integration of additional authentication methods such as biometric
recognition or two-factor authentication to further enhance security. By incorporating
advanced biometric sensors such as fingerprint scanners or facial recognition systems, the
system can provide an extra layer of protection against unauthorized access. Additionally,
there is scope for further refinement and optimization of the system's hardware and software
components to improve performance, reliability, and energy efficiency. By leveraging
emerging technologies and advancements in IoT, artificial intelligence, and machine learning,
the smart door lock system can continue to evolve and adapt to meet the evolving needs and
expectations of users in an increasing expected world. In conclusion, the smart door lock
project represents a significant step forward in the quest for smarter, safer, and more secure
living spaces. By harnessing the power of smart technology, we have developed a robust and
efficient solution for controlling access to residential and commercial premises, empowering
users with greater control, convenience, and peace of mind. As we look to the future, the
possibilities for innovation and improvement are endless, promising even greater
advancements in the field of home security and automation.

8.Future Scope:
The smart door lock project holds immense potential for future development and expansion,
with several avenues for further exploration and improvement:
1. Integration of Biometric Authentication: One promising area for future development
is the integration of advanced biometric authentication methods such as fingerprint scanning,
facial recognition, or iris scanning. By incorporating biometric sensors into the smart door
lock system, users can enjoy enhanced security and convenience, as these methods offer a
higher level of accuracy and reliability compared to traditional access codes.
2. Two-Factor Authentication: Another potential enhancement is the implementation of
twofactor authentication (2FA), which adds an extra layer of security by requiring users to
provide two different forms of identification before gaining access. This could involve a
combination of something the user knows (e.g., a PIN code) and something the user has (e.g.,
a Smartphone or key fob), providing added protection against unauthorized access attempts.
3. Integration with Voice Recognition Systems: Voice recognition technology has
advanced significantly in recent years, and integrating it into the smart door lock system could
offer a

12 | P a g e
convenient and secure alternative for user authentication. By enabling users to unlock the door
using their voice commands, the system can provide hands-free access while maintaining high
levels of security and accuracy.
4. Enhanced Remote Access Control: The remote access control capabilities of the
smartdoor lock system can be further enhanced by integrating it with cloudbased services or
mobile applications. This would allow users to remotely monitor and control their door locks
from anywhere in the world, receive real-time notifications of door activity, and manage
access permissions for multiple users or devices.
5.Advanced Security Features: In addition to biometric authentication and twofactor
authentication, the smart door lock system could incorporate other advanced security features
such as tamper detection, intrusion alerts, and geofencing capabilities. These features would
help to further secure the premises and provide users with comprehensive protection against
unauthorized access or security breaches.
6.Integration with Smart Home Ecosystems: As smart home technology continues to evolve,
there are opportunities to further integrate the smart door lock system with other smart devices
and systems within the home. This could include linking the door lock with security cameras,
motion sensors, lighting controls, and HVAC systems to create a fully integrated and
automated home security solution.
7. Enhanced User Experience: Improving the user experience is another area for future focus,
with potential enhancements such as intuitive user interfaces, customizable settings, and
personalized notifications. By tailoring the system to meet the specific needs and preferences
of users, it can become more userfriendly and accessible to a wider audience.

9.References:
References will vary depending on the specific sources consulted during the research and
development of the smart door lock project. Here are some examples of potential references:
1. Arduino Official Website: https://www.arduino.cc/
2. Servo Motor Basics: https://www.electronicshub.org/servo-motor-basics/
3. Introduction to Keypad Interfacing with Arduino: https://lastminuteengineers.com/arduino-
keypad-tutorial/
4.Smart Door Lock Market Analysis and Forecast:
https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/smart-door-lock-market
5. Biometric Authentication: https://www.biometricsinstitute.org/what-isbiometrics/

13 | P a g e
6. Two-Factor Authentication: https://www.csoonline.com/article/2124681/whatis-two-
factor-authentication-2fa-how-it-works-and-why-you-should-use-it.html
7. Voice Recognition Technology: https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/voicerecognition
8. Smart Home Integration: https://www.techhive.com/article/3083224/how-tobuild-a-
smart-home-that-s-easy-to-use.html
9. Energy-Efficient Home Automation:
https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/saveelectricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-
money/energy-efficient-homedesign
10. IoT Security Best Practices:
https://www.iotforall .com/iot-security- bestpractices
These references provide a mix of technical documentation, market analysis, and best practices
to support the development and implementation of the smart door lock system. By consulting
a diverse range of sources, we can ensure that the project is informed by the latest industry
trends, research findings, and technological advancements.

14 | P a g e