Artificial Intelligence

(Part A)
Class 10
 Answer Key (Book 10)
Part A
Unit 1: Communication Skills-II
Chapter 1: Methods of Communication
A. Select the correct option.
1. c
2. a
3. c
4. c
5. 5
6. b
7. b
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Interpersonal
2. Visual
3. Small group
4. Non-Verbal
5. Facial expression

Chapter 2: Communication Cycle

A. Select the correct option.
1. b
2. c
3. b
4. b
5. b
6. d
7. c
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Communication
2. Feedback
3. Non-specific
4. Encoding
C. Answer the following questions.
1. The communication cycle is a process where a sender conveys his messages to the receiver, and the
receiver acknowledges the messages and sends back a response to it.
2. The following are principles of effective communication:
 Language should be simple and understandable.
 Communication should be definite.
 Communication should be complete and concise, i.e., to the point.
 A proper medium should be used with several factors such as timings, the distance between the
sender and the receiver.
 Given information given should be authentic.
 The sender should be polite and courteous.
 3. Feedback is effective when it is heard, interpreted, and accepted. It determines the way forward. It
helps people to get on track and guides them to know how others perceive their performance. It is
also a vital part of effective learning as it gives clear guidance to people how to improve their
knowledge and performance.
4. The following points should be considered to make descriptive feedback effective:
 Feedback should be given keeping the aim of learning in mind.
 It should be given in an easy to understand language.
 It should be given on time, i.e., when someone is still striving for their goals.
 Feedback should be given continuously, along with instructions.
 Consistent feedback is essential; otherwise, people may struggle to follow it.

Chapter 3: Communication Barriers

A. Select the correct option.
1. b
2. a
3. a
4. c
5. c
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Obstacle
2. Complicated
3. Listening
4. Face-to-Face
5. Feedback
C. Answer the following questions.
1. Two factors that are responsible for causing internal barriers during communication are:
 Poor listening skills.
 The difference in perception and viewpoint
2. It is important to overcome communication barriers because they can hinder our ability to
communicate. Also, barriers can hamper productive and effective communication, which can lead to
poor relationships, loss of trust, misunderstandings, and waste of time and energy.
3. We should take care of the following while giving feedback:
 Keep feedback simple and appropriate to serve the purpose of communication.
 Use the correct language so that the receiver interprets it correctly.
 Avoid lengthy and complicated messages.

Chapter 4: Effective Communication

A. Select the correct option.
1. b
2. c
3. c
4. c
5. a
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Point of view
2. Content
3. Non-verbal
4. Simple
 5. Negative
C. Answer the following questions.
1. Key factors for effective communication are:
 The content of the message should be clear with the right words; otherwise it may be
misinterpreted.
 The message should be consistent with the tone and body language.
 Communication should be adapted to the context to make it impressive.
2. Sometimes, the meaning of a message can be misinterpreted when there are confusing statements.
Therefore, it is essential to construct the message properly with the right use of words. This helps
the receiver understand what the sender is trying to say more clearly.
3. The 7 C's are known as the seven principles of effective communication that focus on thoughts and
ideas and serve as a checklist to communicate more effectively. The 7 C’s indicate that the
information being conveyed through communication should be clear, concise, concrete, correct,
coherent, complete, and courteous.
Chapter 5: Basic Writing Skills
A. Select the correct option.
1. b
2. c
3. c
4. a
5. a
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Sentence
2. Predicate
3. Proofreading
4. Indefinite
5. Definite
C. Answer the following questions.
1. A phrase is a group of words that form a unit within a sentence but is incomplete independently. A
phrase lacks both the subject and the object.
Following are the example of different types of phrases:
Examples:
 We all love eating ice cream. (A noun phrase)
 This jewelry may be worth millions of rupees! (A verb phrase)
 Radhika walked on the stage very gracefully. (An adjective phrase)
 We strolled through the gardens very slowly. (An adverbial phrase)
 All rooms below the deck are for sleeping. (A prepositional phrase)
2. 'The' is the definite article. It can be used with both countable nouns (singular as well as plural) and
uncountable nouns. The usage depends on the sound at the beginning of the next word. Use 'a' when
the next word starts with a consonant sound. It is mainly used to specify a person, place, or thing.
Also, it is used when the noun that follows is already known.
Examples:
With a Specific Noun I visited the Eiffel Tower during my trip to Paris.
With Plural Nouns The students in my class are organizing a charity event.
With Uncountable Nouns Can you pass me the salt?
 3. Difference in the usage of 'a' and 'an':
Use of 'a' Use of 'an'
 We use 'a' when the next word starts  We use 'an' when the next word starts with
with a consonant sound. a vowel sound.
 We use 'a' when a word begins with  We use 'an' when a word begins with
vowel letter but have consonant sound. consonant letters but have vowel sounds.

Unit 1: Brain Developer (Page 41-44)

Section B (Unsolved)
A. Short answer type questions.
1. Feedback is required to continue the process of active communication. It is effective only when it is
heard, interpreted, and accepted. It includes specific information in the form of written comments
or verbal conversations that help the learner understand what he needs to do to improve.
2. Specific feedback provides detailed information about something particular, relating to a task or the
individual’s performance. On the other hand, non-specific feedback gives a vague response to the
receiver.
3. Prejudice may lead to false assumptions about a particular person, which causes miscommunication.
Imagine a school sports team selection process where the coach holds a bias against a particular
student based on their appearance. The coach may assume the student is not athletic and, as a
result, does not give him a fair chance during tryouts. In this case, prejudice interferes with the
coach's ability to accurately assess the student's skills, leading to miscommunication.
4. One common and effective way to overcome all the different types of communication barriers is
seeking feedback from the receiver. A skilled communicator must be aware of the communication
barriers and try to reduce their impact by continually checking the perception of the message sent,
and by encouraging the receivers to give appropriate feedback.
5. Information being conveyed through communication should be clear and precise to ensure better
understanding, i.e., one should avoid the use of complex words, sentences, and confusing language
while communicating so that the receiver correctly interprets the meaning of the message being
conveyed.
6. The principles of communication are:
Clear: The message should be clear so that it can be easily understood by the receiver.
Concise: A concise message explains things in a comprehensive manner. That is why, a message
must be precise and to the point.
Correct: Accuracy avoids miscommunication and mistrust, and creates a positive image in the mind
of the receiver.
7. Rules for writing a sentence:
 Use short sentences
 Limit sentence content
 Economise on words
 Arrange the sentences in a proper sequence
 Design sentences to emphasise the topic
8. Adjectives refer to a word that describes, modifies, or gives more information about a noun or a
pronoun.
Examples:
 She wore a beautiful dress to the party.
 The chef prepared a delicious meal for the guests.
  The explorer embarked on an adventurous journey.
B. Long answer type questions.
1. Public communication takes place when one individual addresses a large gathering of people, for
example, public speeches. In other words, public communication is a form of mass communication
where an individual addresses a large audience.
Public communication often occurs in settings such as public speeches, lectures, or presentations. In
short, public communication is characterised by its one-to-many nature, where the speaker's
message is intended for a broad and diverse audience.
2. The following are three basic methods used in the process of communication:
 Verbal: Verbal communication helps us to think, maintain relationships, define reality, and organise
complex ideas and experiences into meaningful categories.
 Non-verbal: Non-verbal communication happens in the absence of any oral or composed words.
 Visual: Visual communication is the most effective way of passing information as the human mind
processes images very quickly.
3. Verbal communication is the most popular means of sharing information. People use word to exchange
their thoughts, feelings, or ideas with others. Language is the most important tool for verbal
communication.
4. Encoding refers to how the sender wishes to communicate the message, i.e., using spoken or written
language, signs, or body language.
5. Verb is a word that shows an action or a state of being. It shows what someone is doing, did, or will do.
Adverb is a word that modifies or describe a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, expressing manner,
place, time or degree.
6. An article is a word that is used to modify a noun. 'A', 'An', and 'The' are known as the articles.
7. A sender is the person who expresses his opinion, idea, or message and sends it to the receiver. A
receiver is the person for whom the message is intended.
8. Simple language should be used to make the communication understandable by both sender and
receiver.
C. Competency based questions.
1. Some tips to be followed by Aaryan while addressing the audience:
 He should deliver a formal oral communication to the intended audience with clarity and usage
of appropriate words.
 Maintain a rhythm to express one's attitude and different array of emotions such as surprise,
happiness, curiosity, etc.
 Always speak in a clear, slow and conversational tone in order to be an effective communicator.
 He can use different non-verbal prompts like body movements, gestures, facial expressions.
2. If Priya wants to get immediate approval from her father other than phone, she can use to send a
message to her father. Here, the text message can act as a channel between the sender and the
receiver.
 Unit 2: Self-Management Skills-II
Chapter 6: Stress Management and its Techniques

A. Select the correct option.

1. b
2. a
3. d
4. b
5. c

B. Fill in the blanks.

1. Disease
2. Cortisol
3. Stressors
4. Stress Management
5. Fight or Flight
C. Answer the following questions.
1. Meditation encourages self-awareness about our thoughts, emotions and gives a deeper
understanding of inner experiences. It reduces stress, anxiety, and depression. It is a natural and
inexpensive way that provides immunity against stress.
2. The following are the factors that cause the stress:
 Threat
 Dangerous situation
 Irrational demands
 Societal or peer pressure
 Unrealistic goals expectations
 Bad experiences financial loss
 Discrimination
3. The following activities can help in stress management:
 Physical exercise
 Yoga
 Meditation
 Nature walks
4. The following are the different types of stressors:
 Positive stressor
 Dangerous stressor (leads to stressful situations)
 Irrelevant stressor

Chapter 7: Ability to Work Independently

A. Select the correct option.
1. c
2. d
3. b
4. a
5. a
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Intrinsic
2. Seekers
 3. Self-regulation
4. Independent
5. External
C. Answer the following questions.
1. Four elements that keep a person motivated are:
 Personal drive to achieve, the desire to improve, or to meet specific standards
 Commitment to personal or organisational goals
 Initiative or readiness to act on opportunities
 Optimism, which is the ability to continue and pursue goals in the face of failures

2. Advantages of working independently includes:

 Independent people are likely to be more confident in handling problems.
 An independent person is resourceful and relies only on himself.
 An independent person is wholly responsible for the outcome of the task.
3. In SMART goals, A refers for Achievable, it means breaking down big goals into smaller parts will
make the goal achievable. By dividing a large goal into smaller, more manageable tasks, individuals
can increase the likelihood of success. This approach helps maintain focus, track progress, and build
a sense of accomplishment as each smaller task is completed.
4. The following steps Sameera can follow for effective time management:
 She should set clear and specific goals for her studies and playtime.
 She should prioritize her tasks based on their importance and urgency.
 She follows a regular schedule, allocating specific time slots for different activities.
 She may periodically review her schedule and assess her progress toward her goals.

Unit 2: Brain Developer (Pages 57-59)

Section B (Unsolved)
A. Short answer type questions.
1. Yoga is practiced for self-development, enlightenment of the soul, and spiritual growth. It helps in
relieving stress and uplifting our mood.
2. Some stress management techniques include physical exercise, yoga, meditation, vacations with
family and friends, and taking nature walks.
3. Stress can be defined as a reaction to any external stimuli that triggers changes in one's personality.
4. External self-awareness requires understanding how other people perceive us. It often surfaces in
situations when people are the centre of attention.
5. Following are the two types of motivations:
 Intrinsic motivation
 Extrinsic motivation
B. Long answer type questions.
1. Stress management refers to a wide range of techniques that enable a person to cope with
psychological stress effectively. It covers all the tools and mechanisms that alleviate 'chronic' stress,
which could otherwise prove to be a lethal disease. It includes a pool of techniques that assist
individuals in eradicating anxiety and negative thoughts and work on their well-being.
2. Stress does not always have a negative impact on us. It can sometimes be useful and help us to
accomplish great things. For instance, some challenges are difficult to face and cause stress; and yet,
they help us to push our limits. This is known as 'eustress'.
3.
External self-awareness Internal self-awareness
  External self-awareness requires understanding  This type of self-awareness represents how we
how other people perceive us. It often surfaces see our values, passion, aspirations, thoughts,
in situations when people are the centre of feelings, behaviours, strengths, weaknesses, and
attention. their impact on others.
 People who have a high degree of external self-  High job and relationship satisfaction, personal
awareness may be categorised as 'pleasers'. and social control, and happiness are some of the
 External self- awareness can also cause people positive aspects of internal self-awareness,
to become distressed, anxious, or worried whereas anxiety, stress, and depression are
about how others perceive them. some of the negative aspects.

4. A seeker is someone who always wants to know more, to the point where their mind becomes
restless. If you're a seeker you're not just curious -- you are defined by your curiosity. They do not
know who they are, what they stand for, or how others perceive them. They feel frustrated with
their performance and relationships.
5. It is important to be self-aware because it influences our personal development. When you are self-
aware, you are more confident, innovative, and empathetic. Your decision-making abilities and
communication skills are also enhanced. Those with enhanced self-awareness can work
independently and become more effective leaders. Thus, self-awareness is an essential factor in
achieving success and becoming independent.
6. Independent people experience challenging life situations without involving other people. Emotional
independence improves their relations with friends and family and make them stronger.

C. Competency based questions.

1. Arnita should possess the following skills in order to help the students become self-motivated and
charge of their learning.
 She can encourage students to set specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound
goals for their learning.
 She can help the students understand their strengths, weaknesses, interests, and learning
preferences.
 She can teach effective time management skills, including the ability to prioritise tasks, set
deadlines, and create schedules. Time management helps students allocate sufficient time to
their studies while maintaining a balance with other aspects of life.
[Note: Answer may vary]
2. Rahul must do some of these stress management techniques to relax his mind during exam time.
 He can meditation. Regular practice of meditation reduces stress, anxiety, and depression.
 He can go for nature walk regularly take some time out of his busy schedule to appreciate nature's
beauty.

Unit 3: Information and Communication Technology Skills II

Chapter 8: Operating System
A. Select the correct option.
1. b
2. c
3. b
4. c
B. Answer the following questions.
1. Main advantage of Graphical User interface includes:
 This operating system is graphic based and interactive in nature.
  The commands have been replaced by graphic symbols displayed on the computer screen called
icons.
 The user can perform all operations by clicking on these icons.
 Now, a user does not need to remember the lengthy commands or their syntax as they had to do
in Command-line Interface (CLI) or Character User Interface (CUI).
 Some examples of GUI are: Windows Operating System, Mac OS, Linux, etc.
2. An operating system is the first program that loads on a computer when you switch on the computer.
It acts as an interface between the software and computer hardware. It is a special set of programs
to manage the overall functioning of a computer and its resources. Some common examples of
operating systems: Windows, Macintosh (Mac), Linux, DOS, and Unix.
3. Multitasking is the ability of a computer to perform more than one task at a single instant of time. An
operating system that is capable of doing multiple tasks or executing processes while using common
processing resources like CPU is called multitasking operating system.
4. Icons, Start button, and Taskbar are some components of the Windows desktop.

Chapter 9: Managing Files and Folder

A. Select the correct option.
1. b
2. c
3. a
4. b
B. Answer the following questions.
1. A file system defines the ways in which files are named and placed logically for storage and retrieval.
2. Files are used to store information, whereas folders are used to organise files.
3. There are different ways of renaming a file or folder:
 Right-click on the file or folder and select the Rename option. Type new name and press the Enter
key. Or,
 Double-click on the This PC icon and select the file or folder to be renamed. Click on the Rename
option in the Organize group on the Home tab. Type the new name and press the Enter key.
4. Recycle Bin is a folder that holds all the deleted items, if they are not permanently deleted. To restore
a file or folder to its original location, select it and click on Restore the selected items in the Restore
group on the Recycle Bin Tools tab.

5. To delete a file from a folder, select it and click on the Delete option in the Organize group on the
Home tab, or simply press the Delete key after selecting the files or folders.

Chapter 10: Care and Maintenance of a Computer

A. Select the correct option.
1. c
2. d
B. Answer the following questions.
1. A virus can cause problems in a computer in many ways. Some of them are as follows:
 It reduces the speed of a computer by decreasing the memory.
 It causes strange movements or patterns on the screen.
 It displays unusual messages like "your pc is stoned", etc.
 It leads to frequent hanging of the system.
2. Some precautions that should be taken to protect your computer against virus:
 Install a reliable antivirus software on the computer.
  Restrict the access to unwanted sites through appropriate settings in the browsers.
 Keep your antivirus and operating system up-to-date.
 Avoid Spams
 Scan your computer at least once in a day
 Take backup on regularly basis
3. He should install Antivirus software and keep it updated regularly. Also, he should take cautious
while browsing the internet and avoid visiting suspicious websites or clicking on unverified links.
4. Following methods can be followed to protect data on computer:
 Implementing data encryption is an effective way to protect sensitive information
 Regularly back up important data to an external storage device or a secure cloud service
5. Antivirus software is computer programs that are designed to identify, prevent, and remove viruses
from a computer. McAfee, and Quick Heal are two examples of popular antivirus software.

Unit 3: Brain Developer (Pages 79-87)

Section B (Unsolved)
Answer the following questions
1. Windows is an operating system developed by Microsoft. It provides a Graphical User Interface (GUI)
that makes the interaction between the user and computer easy. Windows 10 is the latest version of
Windows.
2. Windows taskbar holds icons of commonly used applications, system date and time, volume, battery,
and so on.
3. Following are the different types of operating systems:
 Single user operating system: It could support only one user to do one thing at a time.
 Multi-user Operating System: It allow more than one user to use the same computer at the same
time
 Multitasking Operating System: It is capable of doing multiple tasks or executing processes while
using common processing resources, like CPU, is called a multitasking operating system.
 Real Time Operating (RTO) System: It is designed to handle real-life scenarios and have the
capability to priorities the processes, minimise execution time, and work independently.
 Distributed Operating System: Distributed operating system runs on computers which are located
in different geographical areas, interconnected through a network. It controls these
interconnected systems and makes them appear to be a single computer.
4. Operating system is the first program that gets loaded into a computer memory. It acts as an
interface between hardware and software. It also manages the overall functioning of a computer and
its resources. An operating system controls and monitors the execution of the other programs and
applications. Some common examples of operating systems are Windows, Macintosh (Mac), Linux,
and Unix.
5. GUI-based operating system more user-friendly as it lets the user to interact with the computer by
using visual tools. The commands have been replaced by graphic symbols displayed on the computer
screen called icons. The user can perform all operations by clicking on these icons. Now, a user does
not need to remember the lengthy commands or their syntax as they had to do in Command-line
Interface (CU) or Character User Interface (CUI).
6. In hierarchal file system, access to the data starts at the top and proceeds downward throughout the
level of hierarchy. The files are organised into folders and sub-folders in a tree-like structure.
7. Sometimes your computer may be very slow and you might be getting disk errors. It may happen due
to the temporary Internet files that need to be deleted from your computer regularly. By default, the
Temp folder contains temporary files and folders.
To delete temporary files and folder follow these steps:
 Click on Start > Run and type %temp% in the text box.
 Select all the files by pressing Ctrl + A key combination.
  Press Delete key. You will get a message box asking for confirmation.
 Click Yes to confirm. All the files from this folder will be deleted.
8. Some precautions which should be taken to protect our computer hardware healthy:
 Keep the computer system and its peripherals away from dust and moisture.
 Replace the faulty part immediately.
 Completely uninstall the unwanted programs from your computer regularly.
 Keep your antivirus software up-to-date. Plan a full scan of the system on a weekly basis.
 Keep the computer system away from direct heat and magnetic fields.
 Always shutdown the computer properly.
9. A virus can cause problems in a computer in many ways. Some of them are as follows:
 It reduces the speed of a computer by decreasing the memory.
 It causes strange movements or patterns on the screen.
 It displays unusual messages like "your pc is stoned", etc.
 It leads to frequent hanging of the system.
10. Some precautions which should be taken to protect your computer against virus:
• Install a reliable antivirus software on the computer.
 The antivirus should be regularly updated.
 Restrict the access to unwanted sites through appropriate settings in the browsers.
 Keep your applications and operating system up-to-date.
 Avoid Spams and take backup regularly
 Scan all portable storage devices, such as pen drive etc., before use as these are the most
common sources of virus attacks.
 McAfee, Scan AVG, Quick Heal are some examples of antivirus software.
11. Spams are the unwanted mails that are delivered from unknown sources in bulk. You should delete
the spams without reading or downloading because they can be dangerous. Generally, they include
malicious links that can infect your computer with malware.
12. When you save a file on your computer, it may not be saved in a contiguous location in the actual
memory space. This leads to creating empty fragments on the disk. These fragments cause the
computer system to slow down when you want to open the file again. To avoid this, you should run
the Disk Defragment and optimize Drives utility on a regular basis.

Unit 4: Entrepreneurial Skills II

Chapter 11: Entrepreneur and Entrepreneurship
Brain Developer (Pages 94-98)
Section B (Unsolved)

A. Select the correct option.

1. Entrepreneurship plays an influential role in the economic growth and the standard of living of
society because there is a direct relationship between entrepreneurship and society. An
entrepreneur needs a society to establish his business and at the same time, society cannot function
without the presence of entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs also play an important role in the growth of
their local community, region, and state by contributing to their economic growth as well as of the
country. This same economic growth drives development and progress in society.
2. Entrepreneurs are job creators, not job seekers. Job seekers are those persons who look for jobs to
earn their livings, on the other hand, job creators are those who generate jobs for other people. As
an entrepreneur, it is their duty to facilitate new business opportunities of employment for the
people. For example, infrastructure development organisations and real estate companies
capitalised on this growth as workers migrated to employment hubs seeking better opportunities.
3. The three most important qualities needed to become a successful entrepreneur are:
 Open-minded: Entrepreneurs must take every event and situation as a business opportunity.
They need to continuously generate ideas about workflows, efficiency, people skills, and
potential new business. They can look at everything around them and reshape it into a path that
leads them towards their goal.
 Risk-taker: Being easily satisfied will never allow entrepreneurs to achieve greatness. Instead,
they look at challenges and risks as opportunities. They foresee rewards from the risks.
 Confidence: Entrepreneurs should not doubt or lose their confidence while chasing their dreams.
They must always show confidence in their business ideas and believe that their efforts will
surely, sooner or later, bear results.
4. Following are two key roles performed by an entrepreneur:
 Decision Making: The primary task of an entrepreneur includes taking vital business decisions
related to the purchase and sale of finished goods and services. This further decides the policy of
production by determining what to produce, how much to produce, how to produce, where to
produce, how to sell, and so on.
 Risk-taking and uncertainty-bearing: Risk-taking is the most important function of an
entrepreneur. Estimating production is risky as an entrepreneur is required to produce goods and
services foreseeing their future demand.
5. Agricultural entrepreneurship is the practice of using entrepreneurial principles and innovative
strategies in the field of agriculture. Agricultural entrepreneurship offers numerous benefits to
farmers. For instance, with better farm management techniques, agricultural entrepreneurship can
result in increased incomes and production. It also encourages environmentally friendly and
sustainable farming methods. Farmers benefit from the adoption of practices that support long-term
agricultural sustainability, minimise negative environmental effects, and conserve natural resources.
6. The statement "To get success, every business idea needs to be unique or special." is a myth. While
having a unique or special business idea can certainly be an advantage, it is not a strict requirement
for success.
7. Wage employment refers to a situation in which an individual works for an employer in exchange for
a monetary compensation or wage. In this type of employment arrangement, the worker receives
regular payments, typically on a weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly basis, in return for their labor and
services.
8. The following are qualities for being a good entrepreneur:
 They are confident and believe in themselves and their abilities.
 They take responsibility for their actions.
 They keep trying new ideas in their business.
 They are creative and think differently about business ideas.
 They work hard and do not give up when they face a difficulty.
[Note: Use any two points to write your answer]
9. The following are the positive impacts of entrepreneurship on society:
 Entrepreneurship provides opportunities for individuals from diverse backgrounds to participate
in economic activities. This breaks down barriers and promotes equality.
 Entrepreneurship contributes to the well-being of society by creating innovative solutions,
products, and services that address health issues. This can lead to an improved healthcare
system and a healthier population.
 Entrepreneurship also works towards saving the environment.
 Entrepreneurship contributes to building schools, hospitals, etc., benefiting individuals and
society as a whole.
[Note: Use any two points to write your answer]
 10. No, this is a myth/misconception about entrepreneurship. Being an entrepreneur starts with a way
of thinking. One must believe that anything is possible and it shall be achieved. It starts with thinking
of an idea that you want to work on, making it different.
11. Entrepreneurs do the following when run their business:
 Fulfill customer needs
 Use local materials
 Help society
 Create jobs
 Sharing of wealth
 Lower price of products
12. The following are the positive impacts of entrepreneurship on society:
 Entrepreneurship provides opportunities for individuals from diverse backgrounds to participate
in economic activities. This breaks down barriers and promotes equality.
 Entrepreneurship contributes to the well-being of society by creating innovative solutions,
products, and services that address health issues. This can lead to an improved healthcare
system and a healthier population.
 Entrepreneurship also works towards saving the environment.
 Entrepreneurship contributes to building schools, hospitals, etc., benefiting individuals and
society as a whole.
[Note: Use any two points to write your answer]
13. Common myths about entrepreneurship are as listed below:
 Entrepreneurs are high risk-takers, but this is a myth.
 People become entrepreneurs to get rich quickly, but this is a myth.
 Many believe that entrepreneurs possess inborn capabilities; however, this is a myth.
 It is a myth that all successful entrepreneurs work long hours, taking a toll on their personal life.
 Entrepreneurs are not necessarily job hoppers, contrary to popular belief.
 Another myth is that entrepreneurs finance their businesses solely from venture capitalists.
 Some people believe that you have to be deceptive to become a successful entrepreneur.

B. Competency based questions.

1. For handling such a situation, I'll ask all the concerns or doubts they he or she has about the business
and address them more effectively. Also, we will go through the business plan together. Revisit key
elements and assumptions. Make sure we are on the same page regarding the goals, strategies, and
expected outcomes.
2. The five suggestions that will help them make their new venture successful are:
 Determination: Successful entrepreneurs believe that all things are possible. Failures cannot
stop them.
 Competitive: Successful entrepreneurs are competitive by nature and utilise every opportunity
to strongly establish themselves better than the rest.
 Strong Set of Skills: Successful entrepreneurs have strong communication skills, problem-solving
abilities, empathy for others, and a willingness to work together towards the common welfare.
 Disciplined: Successful entrepreneurs have a disciplined approach to their work and take steps
every day towards the achievement of their objectives.
 Strong Work Ethics: Successful entrepreneurs display ethical qualities at their workplace. They
are role models for work ethics and inspire all their employees to showcase the same.
 Unit 5: Green Skills II
Chapter 12: Sustainable Development
Brain Developer (Pages 106-109)
Section B (Unsolved)

A. Answer the following Questions.

1. Following are the differences between conventional approach and sustainable approach:
Conventional approach
 In this approach, the environment was considered a separate entity, detached from human
emotion or action; whereas development was a term used to describe political goals and
economic progress.
 Environmental protection agencies were added to the existing government structures to
address environmental issues.
 The focus was on countering the ill-effects of the policies which caused environmental
degradation (cure).

Sustainable approach
 In this approach, the environment is where we live and development is what we all do to improve
our lives. Both are inseparable.
 Major departments and government agencies including the in-charge of investment,
employment, food, energy, and other economic and social development played key roles in
national decision making, and determines whether environmental resources were maintained,
protected, or degraded.
 The focus is on correcting the policies that are the source or root cause of adverse environmental
effects (prevention).
2. Food is a major problem related to sustainable development due to its significant impact including
environmental, social and economic aspects and three major problems related to sustainable
development are:
 Food: The amount of rich and fertile land is becoming less.
 Water: The river and ponds are getting polluted.
 Fuel: We are using a lot of wood from trees as fuel and for the contribution of homes and
furniture.
3. The aim of sustainable development is to balance our economic, environmental, and social needs,
and at the same time allowing prosperity for the present and future generations. As per the United
Nations and the other affiliated organizations, the main objectives of sustainable development are:

 Economic Growth: It means building a competitive economy; ensuring that sufficient land is available
for supporting growth and innovation, while also identifying and coordinating with other
developmental needs.
 Environmental Protection: This principle focuses upon protecting and enhancing the natural
environment, by using natural resources wisely, and minimizing waste and pollution. This will further
help in dealing with climate change and the global shift to a low-carbon economy.
 Social Inclusion: This principle highlights creating high-quality development with accessible local
services for the social community to support its health, social, and cultural well-being.
  Cultural Diversity: This principle focuses on understanding the importance and building sensitivity
towards all cultures and celebrating diversity.
4. Sustainable development can happen only when each of us works and there are four ways by which
we can do at our end to reduce inequalities are:
 Education and Awareness: By educating ourselves and others about issues such as social
justice, economic inequality and environmental sustainability, we can foster a more informed
and empathetic society.
 Volunteering and Community Engagement: Participating in community initiatives and giving
support to organizations that fight inequalities can make a big difference.
 Supporting Ethical Consumption: Ethical consumption decisions can also help in decision
making.
 Advocacy and Political Participation: People can participate in politics and advocate for
local, national and international laws and politics that reduce inequalities and promote
sustainability.
5. Sustainable development is a historic opportunity as the very first time “Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs)” has been established. These are the collection of 17 global goals set by the United
Nations General Assembly in 2015 for the year 2030. These were implemented from 1st January
2016. It is the first time when all the countries are aiming towards one global cause and thinking
about mother earth.
6. The aim of all the member countries of the United Nations in implementing sustainable goals
includes the following:
 To achieve a sustainable future for all and not just for an individual country.
 To address global challenges such as poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental
degradation, prosperity, peace and justice.
 To promote welfare by all countries, poor, rich and middle-income while protecting the
planet.
 To foster economic growth as well as address social needs like education, health, social
protection, and job opportunities while tackling climate change and environmental
protection.
7. The Two SDGs which are formulated to address the problems related to water which are:
 Clean water and sanitation: This objective is especially focused on solving problems
pertaining to water.
 Life below water: This objective to handle water-related issues in life below water.
8. The four man-made disruptions that cause ecological imbalance are Deforestation, Degradation of
Land and Soil Erosion, Overexploitation of Resources and Industrial and Atmospheric Pollution.

B. Competency based questions.

1. Following changes can be adopted to contribute towards achieving sustainable development:

 Preventing wasting water by avoiding using showers for taking baths, washing the car by
using an excess amount of water and checking all the leaking taps.
 Preventing wasting paper by efficiently using each and every paper and also buying
notebooks made of recycled paper.
 Preventing petrol and diesel wastage by sharing vehicles and switching off the engine at red
lights.
  Yes, the following ways can be adopted to reduce the garbage and sustainably reuse the
leftovers by:
o Emphasizing the wise use of resources leading to the minimum use of resources for
maximum ben fit without wastage.
o Creating awareness that instead of wasting food, students must be inculcated with
the value of sharing food with their friends.
o Leftovers can be used by feeding animals nearby.

2. Yes, the following ways can be adopted to reduce the garbage and sustainably reuse the leftovers by:

 Emphasizing the wise use of resources leading to the minimum use of resources for maximum
ben fit without wastage.
 Creating awareness that instead of wasting food, students must be inculcated with the value of
sharing food with their friends.
 Leftovers can be used by feeding animals nearby.
C. Following are the differences between conventional approach and sustainable approach:
Conventional approach
1. In this approach, the environment was considered a separate entity, detached from human emotion
or action; whereas development was a term used to describe political goals and economic progress.
2. Environmental protection agencies were added to the existing government structures to address
environmental issues.
3. The focus was on countering the ill-effects of the policies which caused environmental degradation
(cure).

Sustainable approach
 In this approach, the environment is where we live and development is what we all do to improve our
lives. Both are inseparable.
 Major departments and government agencies including the in-charge of investment, employment,
food, energy, and other economic and social development played key roles in national decision
making, and determines whether environmental resources were maintained, protected, or degraded.
 The focus is on correcting the policies that are the source or root cause of adverse environmental
effects (prevention).
D. Sustainable development is based on the following principles as it integrates
 environmental, social and economic concerns into all aspects of decision making:
1. Living within environmental limits
2. Achieving a sustainable economy
3. Promoting good governance
4. Using science responsibly
5. Ensuring a strong, healthy, and just society
E. The aim of sustainable development is to balance our economic, environmental, and social needs, and at
the same time allowing prosperity for the present and future generations. As per the United Nations and
the other affiliated organizations, the main objectives of sustainable development are:
1. Economic Growth: It means building a competitive economy; ensuring that sufficient land is available
for supporting growth and innovation, while also identifying and coordinating with other
developmental needs.
2. Environmental Protection: This principle focuses upon protecting and enhancing the natural
environment, by using natural resources wisely, and minimising waste and pollution. This will further
help in dealing with climate change and the global shift to a low-carbon economy.
3. Social Inclusion: This principle highlights creating high-quality development with accessible local
services for the social community to support its health, social, and cultural well-being.
4. Cultural Diversity: This principle focuses on understanding the importance and building sensitivity
towards all cultures and celebratingdiversity.
F. The environment has been affected in the following ways:
1. Poor air quality and overall climate change due to the usage of earth’s natural resources in an
inefficient and wasteful manner
2. The rise in greenhouse gas emissions and the average global temperature by more than three
degrees.
3. Climate change leading to sea-level rise and melting glaciers which are further causing the
destruction of ecosystems and biodiversity.
G. Some of the challenges are:
1. One of the challenges is corruption which affects funding to developing countries, as foreign grants
may get misdirected due to bureaucracy and corruption.
2. Lack of effort at the local government level which prevents the implementation of the goals.
3. Lack of financial resources to plan and carry out sustainable development.
4. Another challenge is ensuring responsibility and accountability in achieving sustainable development.
This requires linking regional, national, and international scales to assess if countries are meeting the
goals.
H. The important features of sustainable development are:
1. It is a long-term, integrated approach to development; addressing economic, environmental, and
social issues while avoiding excess consumption of vital natural resources.
2. It seeks to protect our natural environment, human well-being, and
 ecological health while driving innovation and not compromising our way of life.
I. The aim of all the member countries of the United Nations in implementing sustainable goals includes
the following:
1. To achieve a sustainable future for all and not for just for an individual country.
2. To address global challenges such as poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation,
prosperity, peace, and justice.
3. To promote welfare by all countries, poor, rich, and middle-income while protecting the planet.
4. To foster economic growth as well as address social needs like education, health, social protection,
and job opportunities while tackling climate change and environmental protection.
J. Three sustainable goals which you are relevant to the country are:
1. Proper use of means and resources:
2. Development of a positive attitude and holistic approach towards conservation
3. Limited development
K. Sustainable development is a historic opportunity as the very first time “Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs)” has been established. These are the collection of 17 global goals set by the United Nations
General Assembly in 2015 for the year 2030. These were implemented from 1st January 2016. It is the
first time when all the countries are aiming towards one global cause and thinking about mother earth.
L. The problems faced by developing countries with regard to sustainable development are:
1. Inadequate financial resources can hamper the planning and execution of sustainable development.
2. War-torn countries are unable to prioritize sustainable development due to the political conditions of
their countries.
3. Countries facing natural occurrences, such as earthquakes and tsunamis pose a threat to
sustainability as their adverse effects can destroy infrastructure.
4. The conflict between immediate profit and investment in sustainable technologies also is a challenge
in developing countries.
5. The countries with issues such as corruption, faces challenges in fund- related issues, as financial aid
provided to developing countries through foreign grants may get misdirected due to bureaucracy and
corruption.
6. Lack of effort at the local government level may also prevent the implementation of sustainable
development goals.
7. Another challenge can be ensuring responsibility and accountability in achieving sustainable
development goals. This requires linking regional, national, and international scales to assess if
countries are meeting the goals.
Section 4: Application Based Questions
M. To avoid wastage of paper, the following steps can be taken:
1. All the unused papers can be collected by the students and can be bound into a notebook and used
as a revision notebook.
2. Also, the unused one side of the paper can be used for mathematical calculations or practicing
diagrams.
N. Following changes can be adopted to contribute towards achieving sustainable development:
1. Preventing wasting water by avoiding using showers for taking baths, washing the car by using an
excess amount of water and checking all the leaking taps.
2. Preventing wasting paper by efficiently using each and every paper and also buying notebooks made
of recycled papers.
3. Preventing petrol and diesel wastage by sharing vehicles and switching off the engine at red lights.
O. Yes, the following ways can be adopted to reduce the garbage and sustainably reuse the leftovers by:
1. Emphasizing on the wise use of resources leading to the minimum use of resources for maximum ben
fit without wastage.
2. Creating awareness that instead of wasting food, students must be inculcated with the value of
sharing food with their friends.
3. Leftovers can be used by feeding animals nearby.