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Science
Quarter 4,Wk6 - Module 7
Heat and Work

DIRECTION: ANSWER WHAT'S NEW & ASSESSMENT

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

What I Know
Multiple Choice. Select the letter of the best answer from among the given choices.

1. What is energy in transit called?

a. Thermodynamics b.Temperature c.Heat d.Work
2. Which refers to the study of conversions between thermal energy and other forms of
energy?
a. thermal energy c. thermodynamics
b. thermal expansion d. thermometer
3. What is a measure of how hot or cold an object is compared to a reference point?
a. Temperature b. Conductor c. Thermometer d. Thermodynamics
4. What refers to the sum of all kinetic and potential energies in the system.
a. Gravitational energy c.Nuclear energy
b. Mechanical energy d. Electrical energy
5. Which represents the unit for work?
a. Newton b.Watts c.Calorie d.Joule
6. What is the system’s internal energy when both heat transfer and work occur during
the process?
a. The internal energy is equal to the difference of heat and work.
b. The internal energy is equal to the sum of heat and work.
c. The internal energy remains the same.
d. The internal energy is zero.
7. Heat is added in our body by metabolizing food, and our body does work in
breathing, walking, and other activities. If we return in the same state at the end of
the day, how will you describe the thermodynamic system of our body?
a. The amount of heat is equal to the work done
b. Internal energy is zero
c. Both a and b
d. Work done is greater than the heat added.
8. When a particular energy is acquired by objects upon which work is done.
a. Electrical energy
b. Heat energy
c. Mechanical energy
d. Work energy
9. Which refers to as the kinetic energies of all its particles plus the sum of all potential
energies of interactions among those particles?
a. Mechanical energy c. External energy
b. Internal energy d. Heat energy
10. A system’s internal energy can be changed by transferring energy by either work,
heat, or a combination of the two. What Law explains the system?
a. Law of heat
b. First law of thermodynamics
c. Second law of thermodynamics
d. Internal energy law
11. Which is correct?

a. Flow of energy is from a lower temperature location to a higher temperature

location.
b. Flow of energy is inside and outside.
c. Flow of energy is everywhere.
d. Flow of energy is from a higher temperature location to a lower temperature
location.
12. Which of the following is NOT correct?
a. Heat and work are related.
b. Work is measured in joules.
c. Heat can be completely converted into work.
d. All of the above

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 Lesson
Heat and Work
1
What I Need to Know
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to;

1. Define heat and work

2. Describe how doing work releases heat
3. Cite examples where doing workis converted intoheat
What’s In
James Prescott Joule experimentally proved the mechanical equivalence of
heat, work and energy. That’s why this three quantities are expressed in the same units, called
Joule and considered forms of energy. Heat can be turned in to work and doing work releases
heat.
Heat as a form of energy can also transformed or converted which result to
the performance of work upon the system or the surroundings.

What’s New

Let us try answering a word puzzle associated to heat and work.

Across
2.a change from one form of energy to another
6. temperature scale used by most scientists
8. the energy that results from the position or shape
of an object
10. the measure of how hot or cold an object is

Down
1.the sum of kinetic energies of all particles in the
system
3. the scientific principle that energy is neither lost
nor created
4. the change in mechanical energy
7. also known as thermal energy
5.energy that results from the motion of an object
9. the ability to do work or change

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What Is It

Heat and work refer to processes by which energy is transferred to or from a

substance. Heat is the energy transferred from one system to another by thermal interaction.
The units of heat are therefore the units of energy, or joules (J). Work is the transfer of energy
by any process other than heat. Like heat, the unit measurement for work is joules (J).
When heat flows in instances where the work done is negligible, the internal
energy of the hot substance decreases and the internal energy of the cold substance
increases. While heat may originate in the internal energy supply of a substance, it is not
correct to say that a substance contains heat. The substance has internal energy, not heat.
The word “heat” is used only when referring to the energy actually in transit from hot to cold.
The concept of the conservation of energy states that: Energy cannot be
created or destroyed. The first law of thermodynamics is actually based on this concept. It
states that: The change in internal energy of a system equals the difference between the heat
taken in by the system and the work done by the system.

The law is expressed as

ΔU = Q-W

where Q = the amount of heat flowing into a system during a given process
W = the net work done by the system
ΔU = the change in the system’s internal energy

This law means that a system’s internal energy can be changed by

transferring energy by either work, heat or a combination of the two.

Summary

• When energy is exchanged between thermodynamic systems by thermal interaction,

the transfer of energy is called heat. The units of heat are therefore the units of
energy, or joules (J). Heat is transferred by conduction, convection, and/or radiation.

• Work is the transfer of energy by any process other than heat. Like heat, the unit
measurement for work is joules (J). There are many forms of work, including but not
limited to mechanical, electrical, and gravitational work.

• Heat and work are related. Work can be completely converted into heat, but the
reverse is not true: heat energy cannot be wholly transformed into work energy.

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Assessment: (Post-Test)

Multiple Choice. Select the letter of the best answer from among the given choices.

1.What is energy in transit called?

b. Thermodynamics b.Temperature c.Heat d.Work
2.Which refers to the study of conversions between thermal energy and other forms of
energy?
c. thermal energy c. thermodynamics
d. thermal expansion d. thermometer
3.What is a measure of how hot or cold an object is compared to a reference point?
b. Temperature b. Conductor c. Thermometer d. Thermodynamics
4.What refers to the sum of all kinetic and potential energies in the system.
c. Gravitational energy c.Nuclear energy
d. Mechanical energy d. Electrical energy
5.Which represents the unit for work?
b. Newton b.Watts c.Calorie d.Joule
6.What is the system’s internal energy when both heat transfer and work occur during
the process?
a.The internal energy is equal to the difference of heat and work.
b.The internal energy is equal to the sum of heat and work.
c.The internal energy remains the same.
d.The internal energy is zero.
7.Heat is added in our body by metabolizing food, and our body does work in breathing,
walking, and other activities. If we return in the same state at the end of the day, how
will you describe the thermodynamic system of our body?
a.The amount of heat is equal to the work done
b.Internal energy is zero
c.Both a and b
d.Work done is greater than the heat added.
8.When a particular energy is acquired by objects upon which work is done.
a.Electrical energy
b.Heat energy
c.Mechanical energy
d.Work energy
9.Which refers to as the kinetic energies of all its particles plus the sum of all potential
energies of interactions among those particles?
a.Mechanical energy c. External energy
b.Internal energy d. Heat energy
10.A system’s internal energy can be changed by transferring energy by either work,
heat, or a combination of the two. What Law explains the system?
a.Law of heat
b.First law of thermodynamics
c.Second law of thermodynamics
d.Internal energy law

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References

Young, Hugh D., and Roger A. Freedman.University Physics . 11th ed. Singapore: Pearson
Education, Inc., 2004.

https://www.school-for-champions.com/science/work_energy.htm#.Xss82m5uJ50

https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/thermalp/lesson-2/what-does-heat-do

https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Work

https://www.slideshare.net/msoonscience/sci-10-lesson-2-april-14-temperature-thermal-
energy-and-heat

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/introduction-to-
thermodynamics/

https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia