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The document describes a test method designed by NASA researchers to evaluate cylinder liner and piston ring coatings for advanced heat engines. The method uses a pin-on-plate reciprocating wear test rig to simulate the high temperatures at the ring-liner interface during top ring reversal in advanced engines. Baseline tests with conventional materials validated the method by matching wear factors with used engine hardware, suggesting it can screen coating candidates before costly engine tests.

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Ali Osman Aydemir
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8 views

Proje 1

The document describes a test method designed by NASA researchers to evaluate cylinder liner and piston ring coatings for advanced heat engines. The method uses a pin-on-plate reciprocating wear test rig to simulate the high temperatures at the ring-liner interface during top ring reversal in advanced engines. Baseline tests with conventional materials validated the method by matching wear factors with used engine hardware, suggesting it can screen coating candidates before costly engine tests.

Uploaded by

Ali Osman Aydemir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Test Method Designed to Evaluate

Cylinder Liner-Piston Ring Coatings for


Advanced Heat Engines
Research on advanced heat engine concepts, such as the low-heat-rejection engine, have
shown the potential for increased thermal efficiency, reduced emissions, lighter weight,
simpler design, and longer life in comparison to current diesel engine designs. A major
obstacle in the development of a functional advanced heat engine is overcoming the
problems caused by the high combustion temperatures at the piston ring/cylinder liner
interface, specifically at top ring reversal (TRR). TRR is the most critical part of the
engine cycle because the ring and liner undergo a majority of their wear at this location. In
a conventional engine, where TRR temperatures are near 200 °C, the cylinder kit materials
consist of chrome-coated piston rings and cast-iron liners. These materials usually provide
adequate service for about 500,000 miles before a major overhaul is needed. The TRR
temperature in an advanced heat engine; however, has been predicted to be in excess of
300 °C, with some estimates as high as 650 °C. These high temperatures preclude the use
of chrome-coated rings and cast-iron liners because the extreme temperature severely
degrades their wear life. Therefore, advanced cylinder liner and piston ring materials are
needed that can survive under these extreme conditions.

To address this need, researchers at the NASA Lewis Research Center have designed a
tribological test method to help evaluate candidate piston ring and cylinder liner materials
for advanced diesel engines. The selected test method uses a commercially available, pin-
on-plate, reciprocating wear test rig with specially modified specimens machined from
conventional top compression piston rings and cast-iron liners. Loads, speeds, and
temperatures are selected to approximate engine wear conditions present at the ring-liner
interface at TRR. It is intended that this test setup be used as a screening tool to eliminate
poor coating combinations before any effort is expended on costly engine tests.

Wear factor results for used engine hardware and baseline tests.
As a way to validate the test method, repeated baseline tests were run with conventional
chrome-coated ring and cast-iron cylinder liner specimens, and the results were compared
with used engine hardware. On both the used and test specimens, the worn areas had a
smooth glossy finish, which indicated the presence of a fine polishing wear mode. In
addition, wear factors, which quantify the amount of wear produced over a given time,
were calculated for the used hardware and test specimens. As shown in the figure, the
baseline wear factors for both specimens were very repeatable from test to test. When
individual components are compared, the ring specimen wear factors are very similar to
that of the used ring. The baseline liner wear factors, on the other hand, are an order of
magnitude greater than for the used liner, which suggests that the test conditions with
respect to the liner are more severe than actual engine experience. Since studies have
shown that ring wear is of greater concern, the corroboration exhibited between the wear
factors of the used ring and the ring specimen suggests that the test rig and established
procedures can be used to conveniently screen material candidates for advanced heat
engine applications.

Lewis contact: Kevin C. Radil, (216) 433-5047, [email protected]


Author: Kevin C. Radil
Headquarters program office: OA, Army

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