Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

CHAPTER 1

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

1.0 PROJECT AT GLANCE

PROJECT PROPONENT KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Deemed-

to-be-University, Nehru Nagar, JNMC campus, Belagavi.
PROJECT Medical College and Hospital (1200 beds)
LOCATION Survey No.s 141,142 and 145, Gabbur Village, Hubballi
Taluk, Dharwad District, Karnataka
TOTAL PLOT AREA 96,313.84 sq m (23 Acres 32 Guntas)
TOTAL BUILT UP AREA Medical college: 43,265.56 sq.m.
Hospital: 94,901.00 sq.m.
Other blocks: 6,775.00 sq.m.
Total: 1,44,941.56 sq m
TOTAL COST OF Rs. 3,70,00,00,000
PROJECT (Rupees Three hundred and Seventy Crores Only)
PROJECT PROFILE The project consists of 4 Buildings
 Medical college - Basement, ground + 5 floors
 Hospital - Basement, ground + 4 floors
 Library - Ground + 2 floors
 Auditorium -Ground floor
Part of land in the project is earmarked for future
development.
PARKING DETAILS Ambulance parking spaces: 4 Nos
Car parking spaces: 585 Nos
WATER SUPPLY The water supply is from Hubli City Municipal Water
Supply and Bore wells sources.
PROPOSED SANITATION Underground sanitary system facility for conveying the
wastewater to the Sewage Treatment Plant along with
pretreatment for lab and OT effluent from the hospital.
SOLID WASTE Collection & Segregation at source of generation and
MANAGEMENT Organic waste will be treated in organic waste converter
and the Inorganic waste will be sent to recyclers.
BIO MEDICAL WASTE The Bio Medical waste will be scientifically segregated,
MANAGEMENT collected and disposed through Rio Green Environ INDIA
ASTS located at Tarihal Industrial Area.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

AIR POLLUTION/ NOISE Proposed DG sets: 2 x 1000 kVA

GENERATION SOURCE Boiler: One boiler of capacity 1000 Kg/hr.

1.1 BACK GROUND OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT:

KLE Society was established more than 100 years ago in the year 1916 by seven
dedicated Teachers (aptly called as Saptarishis) and three Patrons, which has
transformed the educational backward region of Northern Karnataka into a fertile
land of education. Presently, KLE Society is successfully running more than 205
institutions in the field of Health care (Medical, Dental, Pharmacy, Ayurveda,
Physiotherapy, Nursing Science), Information Technology, Law and many more
conventional and non-conventional disciplines

KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Deemed-to-be-university, Nehru

Nagar, JNMC campus, Belagavi now intends to construct Medical College and Hospital
Project at Survey No.s 141, 142 and 145, Gabbur Village, Hubballi Taluk, Dharwad
District, Karnataka. The hospital bed capacity is 1200 beds and college is 300 intake
seats. The source of water is through Hubli City Municipal water supply and Bore wells
and power is from HESCOM.

1.2 LAND USE FOR THE PROJECT:

Sl Particulars Area in
No sq m Percentage
1 Total Plot area 96,313.84 -
2 Area left for road widening 6,322 -
3 Net plot area available for 89,991.84 100%
development
4 Area left for future develop 22,792 25.32%
5 Ground Coverage area 27,402 30.44%
6 Paved area 10,042.31 11.15%
7 Landscape area on earth 25,567.69
Podium Landscape 6% of 1,780.00 33.06%
courtyards
50% of Surface Parking 2,407.84
Total 29,755.53

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

1.3 AREA STATEMENT FOR THE PROJECT:

Sl Blocks Built up area

No sq m
1 Medical College 43,265.56
2 Hospital 94,901.00
3 Library 4,275
4 Auditorium 2,500
TOTAL 1,44,941.56 sq m

1.4 FLOOR WISE BUILT UP AREAS AND ACTIVITY

Sl Blocks Building Built up area breakup Activity

No Configuration (sq m)
1 Medical College B+G+5F Basement 6,589.96 Parking
Ground 7,827.00 Departments,
labs, lecture halls
1st Floor 7,666.90 Administration,
departments,
lecture halls
2nd Floor 6,429.50 Departments,
Labs
3rd Floor 4,917.40 Departments,
labs
4th Floor 4,917.40 Departments,
Labs, Examination
halls
5th Floor 4,917.40 Terrace
Total 43,265.56

2 Hospital B + G + 4F Basement 15,947.00 Parking

Ground 15,650.00 Casualty, labour
complex, wards,
faculty, services
1st Floor 15,579.00 O.P.D, wards,
faculty,services
2nd Floor 15,579.00 O.P.D, wards,
faculty
3rd Floor 16,073.00 O.T., Wards

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

4th Floor 16,073.00 Terrace

Total 94,901
3 Library G+2F Ground 1,425.00 Library, reading
st
1 Floor 1,425.00 Library, reading
nd
2 Floor 1,425.00 Library, reading
Total 4,275
4 Auditorium Ground 2,500
TOTAL - 1,44,941.56 sq m

1.5 PARKING STATEMENT:

Sl Description Numbers
No
1 Ambulance 4
2 Surface parking 130 cars
3 Hospital basement 350 cars
4 College basement 101 cars
Total 585

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

CHAPTER 2

WATER CONSUMPTION, WASTEWATER GENERATION AND SEWAGE

DISPOSAL

2.0 SOURCE OF WATER FOR THE PROJECT:

The most important aspect under the water supply scheme is the selection of source
of water, which should be reliable and potable. The source of water supply to the
project is through Hubli City Municipal Water Supply and Bore well Sources.

2.1 WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM:

The proposed water supply scheme to cater to the public and domestic water
requirement of the proposed project consists of sourcing pretreated potable water
from Public supply into a common collection facility known as the Raw Water Sump.
The Raw Water Sump will be constructed in RCC. The water from the UG sump will be
pumped to overhead tank. The OHTs are staged on terrace depending on the contour
of its distribution network.

Sl. Description Capacity in cum

No.
1 Raw water sump 500
2 Firefighting sump 01 100
3 Firefighting sump 02 100
4 Treated water sump 250
5 Rain water storage sump 100
6 Fire overhead tank 100
7 Domestic overhead tank 200

2.2 WATER SAVING PRACTICES & WASTE USE REDUCTION METHODS:

Measures that can be adopted to reduce water demand through use of water efficient
practices and devices (efficient plumbing fixtures). These would result in significant
saving of water and contribute towards protection of the environment. Some of the
common practices and devices that can save water are given below:

a) Water conserving flushing fixtures shall be used for Urinals.

b) Dual flushing cistern, low flow fixture and faucets shall be used.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

c) Water closet with low volume flushing cistern/ Flush valve shall be used.
d) Water regulators in wash basins to regulate the pressure.
e) Urinals shall have electronic eye no touch flush valve.
f) Water conserving means like pop-up sprinklers, drip irrigation etc., shall be
employed to irrigate the landscape areas.
g) Stored Rain water shall be used for domestic purposes after necessary water
treatment.

2.3 WATER CONSUMPTION DETAILS:

Sl Description Numbers Per capita water Consumption details

No consumption (in Liters)
(in Litres)
1 Hospital building 1200 beds 450/bed 5,40,000
2 Outpatient 2000 15 30,000
department patients
3 Medical College 250 students 45 11,250
4 Water Lumpsum - 25,000
requirement for
lab and OT
5 Laundry Lumpsum - 10,000
Total 6,16,250
Considering 10 % extra for drivers, visitors and incidentals 61,625

Grand Total 6,77,875 or say

678 KLD

The domestic wastewater generated from the project will be treated in STP with
pretreatment facility provided for lab and OT effluent. The pretreated lab effluent is
mixed with domestic sewage and treated to stipulated standards. The treated sewage
is used for toilet flushing and landscape development.

2.4 WASTE WATER GENERATION DETAILS:

Wastes of different type such as spent water from bath rooms, water closets/pans,
street washings, semi liquid waste of human excreta, street sweepings, broken
furniture, crockery etc., are produced daily. If proper arrangement for collection
treatment and disposal of all the wastes produced are not made, unsanitary
conditions will develop and it will become impossible for the public to live.
Therefore, it is most essential to collect, treat and dispose all the sanitary waste
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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

produced. Generally, it has been observed that about 90% of the water supplied
comes out as sewage.

The details of wastewater generated from the project is shown below

Total Water requirement of Project = 678 KLD
Wastewater generation from project = 678 X 0.90
(Assuming 90% of the water supplied comes out as wastewater) = 610.2 or say 610 KLD

2.5 TREATED SEWAGE DISPOSAL:

The treated sewage will be disposed as under:

a. Toilet Flushing:
Sl Description Occupants Per capita Total flushing
No demand requirement (litres)
1 Hospital building 1200 beds 150/bed 1,80,000
2 Outpatient 2000 10,000
5
department patients
3 Medical College 250 3,750
15
students

1,93,750 or say
194 KLD
Considering 10 % extra for drivers, visitors and 19.4 or say 20 KLD
incidentals
Total flushing water requirement 214 KLD

b. Gardening:

Treated water used for gardening @ rate of 6 L/sq m/day

Area available for landscape development is 29,755.53sq m
= 29,755.53 X 6 =1,78,533.18 l/day or say 179 KLD

c. Water Cooled Chillers Cooling Tower make up:

AC load in TR (Ton of Refrigeration) = 2750
Quantity of water required for AC = 7 L/TR
No. of working hrs/day = 12 Hrs
Water requirement = AC Load X Working Hours X Water requirement/TR
= 2500 X 12 X 7
= 2,31,000 L/day or say 231 KLD or say to use 217 KLD
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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

2.6 TECHNICAL DETAILS FOR PROPOSED SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT (STP)

The general characteristic of sewage is considered as shown in the table below.

General characteristics:

pH : 7 – 10
BOD : 250 – 350 mg/l
COD : 500 – 600 mg/l
SS : 150 mg/l
The anticipated final water quality:
pH : 6–9
BOD : < 10 mg/L
COD : < 50 mg/L
SS : < 30 mg /L
TSS : < 10 mg/L
Residual Chlorine : > 1.0 mg/L
Fecal Coliform : < 1000 mpn/100 ml

MODE OF TREATMENT

It is proposed to setup a 650 KLD treatment plant for treating the domestic waste
adopting Sequencing Batch Reactor using diffused aeration. The advantages
and disadvantages of other technology, initial investment and maintenance cost
etc., were compared and finally arrived at providing a STP using SBR – Sequencing
Batch Reactor.

Sl. Name of the Unit Purpose

No.
1 Bar Screen Chamber For removing unwanted floating materials.
2 Equalization Tank To even out the flow variations and continuous
uniform mixing operations with course bubble
3 Sequencing Batch Activated Sludge Process for developing the
Reactor bacterial culture, which stabilizes the waste using
submerged aerators. The SBR will also act as
Secondary clarifier during the settle process and
as a pre-filtration tank during the decant phase.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

During the decant phase only the supernatant is

removed from the reactor and taken up for
tertiary treatment.
4 Pressure Sand Filter To filter out suspended solids if any in the treated
water.
5 Activated Carbon Filter To remove color and Odor if any in the filtered
water
6 Chlorinator To disinfect the treated water to make it safe to
come in contact with humans so that the treated
water can be used for gardening / allied uses.

METHOD ADOPTED FOR THE DESIGN

The Sewage Treatment Plant is designed SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor). The
system is designed for operating up to a maximum of 3 cycles in 24 hours period.

STP 650 KLD

Since the plant is designed @ 650 KLD capacity and the Aeration Systems is
designed per batch with one SBR reactor tank. The Capacities of the Raw Sewage
Pump / Filter Feed Pump are designed to ensure a minimum optimum time in
Decant cycles of the SBR

Total quantity of raw sewage = 650 m3/day

= 40.63 m3/hr
BOD3 at 27 degrees C = 250 mg/L

EXPECTED BOD REDUCTION

1. Influent BOD = 250 mg/L

2. BOD reduction in SBR reactor = 95%
3. BOD at the outlet of the secondary treatment = 12.5 mg/L
4. BOD reduction with tertiary treatment like coagulation, filtration, disinfection
= <10 mg/L

1. BAR SCREEN

* Size of the unit = 0.4×0.6×1.2 m long

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

2. EQUILIZATION CUM NEUTRALIZATION TANK

Flow rate = 650 m3/day

= 40.63 m3/hr
* Average BOD of sewage at the inlet of the pre-aeration tank = 250 mg/l
* Total Organic Load with 20%
BOD reduction considered = 50 mg/L
* Total organic load to be removed = 32.5 kg/day
* Total oxygen required assuming 2 kg of O2/kg of BOD removed= 65 kg/day
* Let us assume
Alpha = 0.6
Beta = 0.7
* Oxygen transfer at 0.25 m depth = 25%
* Density of air = 1.2 kg/m3
* Percentage of oxygen in atmosphere = 21%
* Therefore air required for aeration = 2456.86 m3/day
* Air requirement per hour = 153.54m3/hr (duration of air supply =
16hrs)
* Type of aeration coarse bubble diffused aeration system
* Detention time = 4 Hrs
* Volume of the unit = 162.52 m3
* Depth of the unit = 2 m
* Area of the unit = 81.26 m2
* Size of the unit = 9.1 m x 9.1 m x 2m

3. SEQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR

i) Basic design assumptions

inlet outlet
* BOD3 at 27 deg C (mg/L) 200 20
* TSS (mg/L) 200 30
* NH3 - ammonia (mg/L) 25 1
* Total phosphorous (mg/L) 10 2
* TKN (mg/L) 40 5

Assumptions for SBR process kinetics

* F/M ratio = 0.15

* MLSS = 4000 mg/L
* Net sludge yield = 0.76 kg MLSS/kg BOD5

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

* Min. solids retention time = 8 days

* Reactor volume decanted each day = 60%
* Dissolved O2 liquor concentration = 2 mg/L
* Oxygen co-efficients
kg of O2/kg of BOD5 = 1.28
kg of O2/kg of NH3N = 4.6
* Oxygen transfer factors
alpha (typical for coarse bubble diffusers) = 0.85
beta(typical for domestic wastewater) = 0.95
* Typical O2 transfer rate for coarse bubble diffusers = 1.25 kg O2/KW
* No. of cycles/day = 4

ii) SBR design calculations

a) Reactor volume
* BOD5 removed (kg/day) = [(BOD influent - BOD effluent)(mg/L)] x flow (L/day)
* BOD5 removed = 1.17E+08 mg/day
= 117 kg/day
* Required aerobic mass = 780 kg MLSS (Required aerobic mass= BOD
removed/ F/M ratio)
* Reactor volume (low water volume) = MLSS mass(kg)/MLSS concentration
Therefore reactor volume = 195 m3
* Since the decant volume represents 60% of the total volume
Total reactor volume = 487.5 m3

b) Decant volume
* Total decant volume = total reactor volume - reactor volume (low water level)
Total decant volume = 292.5 m3

c) Detention time
* Maximum detention time = (total reactor volume/flow) x 24 hr/day
* No. of working hrs/day = 16 hrs
* Max. detention time = 12 hrs
* Max. retention time = 7.2 hrs

d) SBR dimensions

* Basin area = basin volume/basin depth

* Depth of the basin = 2.75 m

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

* Therefore basin area = 177.28m2

* Basin length = 13.32 m
* Size of the unit = 13.32 m x 13.32 m x 2.75
Aeration
* Nitrogenous O2 demand (kg of O2/day) = NH3 - N oxidized (kg/day) x kg O2/kg of
NH3N
* Carbonaceous O2 demand (kg of O2/day) = BOD5 mass (kg/day) x kg O2/BOD5
* NH3 - N oxidized (kg/day) = TKN removed (kg/day) - synthesis N (kg/day)
* TKN removed = 22.75 kg/day
* Synthesis N = 5% waste activated sludge of total daily sludge
production
* Sludge production (kg/day) = net sludge yield(kg MLSS/kg BOD5) x BOD5 removed
(kg/day)
Therefore sludge production= 8.92 kg/day
* Synthesis N = 4.446 kg/day
* NH3 - N oxidized = 18.304 kg/day
* Nitrogenous O2 demand = 84.1984 kg of O2/day
* Carbonaceous O2 demand = 5.69088 kg/day
* AOR (kg/day) = nitrogenous O2 demand + carbonaceous O2 demand (kg/day)

where AOR = Actual Oxygen Requirements (kg O2/day)

* AOR = 89.88928 kg/day
SAOR (kg O2/hr) = [AOR x Cs x teta power (T-20)] / [ae x (beta x Csw - C0) x blower
usage (hr/day) where SAOR = standard actual O2 requirement (kg O2/day)

teta = temperature correction factor = 1.024

Cs = O2 saturation concentration at standard temperature and pressure = 9.02 mg/L

Csw = concentration correction for elevation 1000 ft.= 9.02-0.0003xelevation
= 8.72 mg/l
NOTE: 0.0003 may be used as a rule of thumb describing a 0.0003 mg/L rise/drop in
DO saturation concentration per every foot of elevation increase /decrease.

C0 = 2 mg/L
ae = 0.85
beta = 0.95
T = 30 deg C (67 deg F)
Blower usage = 16 hrs/day
(based on 4 cycles per day (6 hr/cycle), 1.0 hr fill time, 3.5 hr react time ,0.75 hr
settle time, 0.5 hr decant time, and 0.25 hr idle time)

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

SAOR = 88.88928 x 9.02 x 1.024 power 30 - 20

divided by 0.85 x( 0.95 x 8.72 - 2 )x 16
SAOR = 12.02649 kg of O2/hr

Sludge and decant flows

* Sludge flow rate (L/day) = sludge mass flow (kg/day) / sludge density (kg/L)
* Typical sludge density = 1.02 kg/L
* Therefore sludge flow rate = 87.18 L/day
* Therefore decant flow rate = 5 m3

4. SCREW PUMP

1. Pumping rate = 40.63 m3/hr

2. Pumping head = 16 - 18 m

5. MECHANICAL FILTER PRESS

* Assumed type of slugde Secondary Biological

* Let the concentration of solids be = 1%
* Specific gravity of the solids = 1.2
* Density of water = 1000 kg/m3
* Minimum dry solids allowable in the sludge solid cake = 25-30% = 30%

Sludge Cake Characteristics

* Cake thickness = 32 mm
* Wet cake density = 1280 kg/m3 Operating Time
* 10 Hrs/day 6 days/week
* Feed 20 Minutes
*Compression 15 Minutes
* Cake Discharge 25 Minutes
* Total 60 Minutes
* Design liquid sludge flow = 19500 L/day (round off) = 20000 L/day
* Daily solid sludge generation rate = 18 kg/day
* No. of days = 3 (standard 3 days)
* Quantity of sludge solids load on the filter press = 54 kg/
2
* Assume sludge holding capacity = 40 kg/m
* Size of the filter press required = 1.35 m2

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

* Let the size of each plate = 0.61 m × 0.61 m

= 0.37 m2
* Number of such chambers required = 3.628056974 = 4

6. ALUM DOSING TANK WITH FLASH MIXER

Provide Milton Roy Asia LMI/Prominent make metering pump of dosing capacity 4–6
LPH with 100 liters capacity dosing tank

7. HOPPER BOTTOM SETTLING TANK

* Detention time = 4 hrs

* Volume of the unit will be = 162.52m3
* Let the depth of the tank be = 3.5 m
* Area = 46.43429 m2
* Size of the unit = 6.8 m × 6.8 m × 3.5 m

8. FILTER FEED PUMP

* Pumping rate = 40.63 m3/hr

* Pumping head = 16 – 18 m

9. PRESSURE SAND AND CARBON FILTER

* Total Flow = 650 m3/day

* Duration of pumping considered= 10 hr/day
* Pumping rate = 65 m3/hr
* Surface loading considered = 10 m3/m2/hr
* Area of the filter = 6.5 m2
* Diameter of the filter = 2.88 m
* Number of sand filters = 1
* Number of carbon filters = 1
* Height of the shell = 1.5 m

10. BLOWER CAPACITY

* Blower capacity required = 153.54+ 12.026 + 10%

= 165.566 + 16.55

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

= 182.1231 m3/hr
= 183 m3/hr

Unit sizes of the STP:

Sl. No Name of the Unit Size in m.

1 Bar Screen Chamber 0.4 x 0.6 x 1.2 m
Equalization cum
2 9.1 x 9.1 x 2 m
neutralization Tank
Sequencing Batch
3 13.32 x 13.32 x 2.75
Reactor
Mechanical filter
4 0.61 x 0.61 m - 4 chambers
press
Hopper bottom
5 6.8 x 6.8 x 3.5 m
settling tank
Pressure sand and
6 1 each – 2.88 m dia
carbon filter

2.7 PRE TREATMENT FOR LAB, OT AND LAUNDRY EFFLUENT:

DESCRIPTION:

The laboratory is proposed to be located in the main hospital building and various
chemical effluents will be discharged from Histopathology, Hematology and Bio-
Chemistry lab sections. These chemical effluents will be collected separately in a
collection tank. pH of the effluent will be monitored and required chemical i.e.,
Sodium hypochlorite will be continuously added. There will be agitator mounted on
the tank for proper mixing of these effluents. When pH of the effluent reaches to
neutral range (say pH 7.0), the addition of the chemicals will be stopped
automatically. Then the neutralized effluent will be discharged to the sewer line (for
conveyance to the Treatment plant) by opening the outlet valve of the pit and slow
discharge will be maintained.

The pretreated lab effluents along with sewage from hospital will be treated in
Sewage Treatment Plant to the standards stipulated by the Karnataka State Pollution
Control Board.
Quantity of water requirement for lab and OT = 35 KLD
Considering 90% of water required as waste water generated = 35 x 0.9 = 31.5 KLD

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

Pre-treatment facility of 35 KLD is proposed for Lab, OT and Laundry effluent.

Total quantity of raw sewage = 35 m3/day = 2.19 m3/ hr
1. BAR SCREEN:
* Size of the Unit : 1.0 m x 1.0 m x 1.0 m long
* Function : To separate coarse matter from the
raw effluent.

2. RAW EFFLUENT COLLECTION TANK:

* Size of the unit :1.5 m x 1.5 m x 2.0 m SWD
* Volume of the unit :4.5 m3
* Detention time available :4.0 Hrs
* Function : To collect & store the Raw
Lab OT and Laundry effluent

3. NEUTRALIZATION/REACTION TANK:
* Flow rate : 35 m3/day = 2.19 m3/ hr
(Considering 8 hrs flow)
* Detention time provided : 0.5 Hours
* Volume of Neutralization Tank
Required : 8.8 m3
* Let the depth of the unit be : 2.0 m
* Size of unit proposed : 2.1 m x 2.1 m x 2.0 m SWD
* Mixing / Agitation mechanism : 1 HP Stirrer with 70 rpm speed

4. SETTLING TANK:
* Size of the each unit : 1.5 m x 1.5 m x 3.5 m SWD
* Volume of the unit : 7.8 m3
* Detention time available : 4 Hours
* Function : To separate the Chemical Precipitates
from the overflow of the reaction tank.
Civil tanks proposed:

Sl. No. Item Size

1 Bar Screen 1.0 m x 1.0 m x 1.0 m
2 Effluent Collection Tank 1.5 m x 1.5 m x 2.0 m
3 Neutralization Tank 2.1 m x 2.1 m x 2.0 m
4 Settling Tank 1.5 m x 1.5 m x 3.5 m

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

2.8 FLOW CHART FOR PRE TREATMENT OF LAB, OT AND LAUNDRY EFFLUENT:

BAR SCREEN

COLLECTION TANK

CHEMICAL DOSING REACTION TANK MIXER

SETTLING TANK

SLUDGE TO SDB

TO DOWN STREAM SEWAGE

TREATMENT PLANT

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

2.9 WATER BALANCE CHART

Total Raw Water Water Requirement for

demand (Start Up) lab/OT and laundry
643 KLD 35 KLD

Effluent generated 31.5 KLD

Daily water Pretreatment

Recycle for Toilet Requirement facility
104 KLD 35 KLD
Flushing

Wastewater generated 579 KLD

STP Capacity:
Pretreated effluent for further
650 KLD
treatment at STP

Landscape AC cooling tower make

Toilet Flushing up
Development
214 KLD 217 KLD
179 KLD

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

2.10 WATER REQUIREMENT & SEWAGE DISPOSAL: CONSTRUCTION PHASE

Domestic water requirements during construction phase

Total number of manpower required :300
Water requirements @ of 100 LPCD :300 x 100 = 30,000 L/day
Total domestic water requirement :30 KLD

Wastewater generated: Considering 90% of the water consumed = 30,000 X 0.90 =

27,000 L/day

The wastewater generated from the construction site will be treated in package STP
of 30 KLD capacity for treatment and disposal.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

CHAPTER 3

AIR POLLUTION SOURCES & ITS MANAGEMENT

3.0 INTRODUCTION

The anticipated power required for the project is 2,000 kVA is supplied from HESCOM.
The primary sources of air pollution from the establishment will be from the
operation of boiler and diesel generator sets, which will be used as an alternative
source of power supply during the emergencies of power failure from HESCOM. The
details of capacities & fuel consumption for the DG sets are given below.

Air Pollution Sources for the Proposed Project:

No Stack Details Stack Attached to

1 Capacity Proposed DG set: 2 X 1000 kVA
2 Fuel quantity 210 l/h for each DG set of 1000 kVA
3 Fuel used Ultra Pure Low Sulphur Content Diesel
4 Stack height Chimneys (Above ground level) of 30 m for
DG sets
5 Stack diameter 500 mm

Boiler details:

SI. Stack Fuel Fuel Number Stack/s height Air

No. attached to used consumption of pollution
stacks control
1 21 number HSD 80 L/hr 1 15 m AGL Stack
1 Boiler of number
1000 Kg/Hr
capacity

3.1 NOISE GENERATION SOURCES:

Major noise producing sources of the proposed project is expected to be from DG set,
Boiler, Vehicular movements from and to the proposed project. The DG sets will be
provided with acoustic enclosures to control the noise levels in such a way that the
noise levels are within the permissible limits specified for ambient noise levels. More
over the DG set is operated only during the emergencies in power failure.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

3.2 PROJECTED COST OF THE PROJECT:

Sl No Description Cost in Rs.

1 Land cost 7,14,00,000
2 Construction cost (Considering Rs. 2000 3,12,02,75,935
per sq ft of BUA)
3 Plant and machinery 50,00,00,000
Total Rs. 3,69,16,75,935
or say
Rs. 3,70,00,00,000
Rupees. Three hundred and Seventy Crores Only

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

CHAPTER 4

SOLID WASTE GENERATION & ITS MANAGEMENT

4.0 CONSTRUCTION PHASE:

The total manpower : 300

Considering solid waste generation @ 0.25 kg/capita/day
Total solid waste generation : 300 x 0.25 = 75 Kg/day

The domestic wastes will be segregated at source collected, stored and composted
through vermi composting method and the product will be used as manure.

4.1 OCCUPANCY PHASE:

Categories of Hospital Waste

Hospitals generate wastes which can be broadly categorized into:
• Wastes which are supposedly harmless
• Wastes which can transmit infection

The first category of wastes is mainly packing materials, kitchen wastes, garbage and
other domestic types of wastes. These wastes can safely go into the municipal waste
system; care should, however, be taken to transport them quickly and carefully to the
municipal disposal sites.

The second one consists of the following:

1. Pathological wastes, including tissues, and body parts that are removed during
surgery or autopsy.
2. Cultures and stocks of infectious agents and associated biological including
cultures from medical and pathological laboratories, vaccines etc.,
3. Waste human blood and products of blood including serum, plasma, and other
blood components.
4. Sharps that have been used in patient care including hypodermic needles,
syringes, pipettes, broken glass, and scalpel blades, blood vials, needles with
attached tubing.
5. Wastes from autopsy that were in contact with infectious agents, including
soiled dressing, sponges, drapes, tubes, drainage sets, under pads, and surgical
gloves.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

6. Laboratory wastes from medical or pathological research, such as slides,

disposable gloves, laboratory coats and aprons.
7. Dialysis wastes that were in contact with the blood of patients undergoing
hemodialysis, including contaminated disposable equipment and supplies such
as tubing filters, disposable sheets and towels.
8. Discarded medical equipment and parts that were in contact with infectious
agents.
9. Biological waste and discarded materials contaminated with blood, excretion,
exudates or secretion from human beings.

4.2 DISPOSAL OF GARBAGE:

The wastes that are generated in the hospital in solid form are categorized as solid
wastes. These wastes are also known as Garbage or Refuse. There has been a
considerable increase in the quantities of the refuse generated these days. Therefore
the collection, disposal and management of these wastes have assumed greater
significance and have drawn the attention of planners and authorities to device solid
waste management programs. Solid waste generated from the proposed facilities is
calculated as below.

Sl. Description Occupants Assumed solid Total Solid waste

No. waste generated in
generation Kgs/day
(kg/day)
1 Hospital building 1200 beds 0.5 600
2 Outpatient 2000 0.2 400
department
3 Medical College 395 0.2 79
Total quantity of Solid Waste generated = 1079 Kg/day

The solid Wastes generated will be segregated at its point of generation and collected
separately in different color coded synthetic bins depending upon the basis of its Bio
Degradability at a common designated point. Organic solid waste from the project will
be treated in organic waste converter. The inorganic solid waste will be sent for
recycling.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

4.3 BIOMEDICAL WASTE:

BMW is the waste produced from medical activities generated during diagnosis,
treatment immunization of human beings or animals, research activities, production
or testing of biologicals, health camps etc., which are potentially infectious.
Biomedical waste may also include waste associated with the generation of waste that
visually appears to be of medical or laboratory origin (e. g., packaging, unused
bandages, infusion kits etc.,) as well research laboratory waste containing
biomolecules or organisms that are restricted from environmental release.

Hospital is one of the complex institutions which is frequented by people from every
walk of life in the society without any distinction between age, sex, race and religion.
This is over and above the normal inhabitants of hospital i.e., patients and staff. All
of them contribute for generation of waste which might have its impact. The hospital
waste, in addition to the risk for patients and personnel who handle these wastes
poses a threat to public health and environment. Keeping in view inappropriate
biomedical waste management practices that are sometimes followed, the Ministry of
Environment and Forest Notified the “Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016.”
dated 28th March 2016.

Therefore, the Biomedical waste generated from the proposed project will be
collected and segregated at source based on their categorization as per the
Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016 of Schedule II in Color coded bags and
containers and disposed through Rio Green Environ INDIA ASTS located at Tarihal
Industrial Area.

The Biomedical Waste anticipated from the proposed hospital is calculated as follows.
The type of biomedical waste generated from the project is detailed in the later
section.
Sl. Description Nos. Assumed per Total Biomedical
No. capita waste waste generated in
generation Kgs/day
1 Beds 1200 0.15 Kgs/day 180

4.4 BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT PROCESS:

Handling, segregation, mutilation, disinfection, storage, transportation and final

disposal are vital steps for safe and scientific management of biomedical waste in any
establishment. The key to minimization and effective management of biomedical
waste is segregation (separation) and identification of the waste. The most
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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

appropriate way of identifying the categories of biomedical waste is by sorting the

waste into Colour coded plastic bags or containers. Biomedical waste should be
segregated into containers / bags at the point of generation in accordance with
Schedule I of Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016.

Bio Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016 categorizes the bio-medical waste
generated from a health care facility into four categories based on the segregation
pathway and colour code. Various types of bio medical waste are further assigned to
each one of the categories, as detailed below:
1. Yellow Category
2. Red Category
3. White Category
4. Blue Category
Colour coding- Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016 (Schedule I)

Colour coding Waste Treatment

Yellow Bin Human Anatomical Waste, Incineration
Animal Anatomical Waste, Soiled
Waste, Expired or Discarded
Medicines, Chemical Waste,
Microbiology, Biotechnology and
other clinical laboratory waste
Red Bin Plastic Waste such as tubing, Autoclaving & recycling
bottles, intravenous tubes and
sets, catheters, urine bags,
syringes (without needles and
fixed needle syringes) and
vacutainers (with their needles
cut) and gloves
White Bin Sharp Waste including metals Autoclaving & recycling to
like Needles, Syringes with fixed foundries
needles, needles from needle
tip cutter or burner, scalpels,
blades, etc.
Blue Bin Broken or discarded and Autoclaving and recycling
contaminated glass including
medicine vials and ampoules
except those contaminated with
cytotoxic wastes and metallic
body implants.
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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

Pictorial representation of Bio medical waste segregation in color coded containers

Yellow category: Non chlorinated bags/bin

Red category: Non chlorinated bags/bin

White category: Sharp containers

Blue category: Cardboard box

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

General measures for storing the biomedical waste:

 General wastes like garbage, garden refuse etc., should join the stream of
organic refuse.
 Sharps should be collected in puncture proof containers.
 Bags and containers for infectious waste should be marked with Biohazard
symbol. Highly infectious waste should be sterilized by autoclaving.
 Cytotoxic wastes are to be collected in leak proof containers clearly labeled as
cytotoxic waste.
 Needles and syringes should be destroyed with the help of needle destroyer and
syringe cutters provided at the point of generation.
 Infusion sets, bottles and gloves should be cut with curved scissors.
Below table shows the typical type of bio-medical waste expected to be generated
from the hospital during the operational stage.

Sl. Type of Waste Description Generation Area

No. Waste
1 Human Human tissues, Amputated Cardiac OTs, Day care OTs,
Anatomical body parts. Emergency OT, Cath Lab
2 Infectious Items contaminated with Cardiac OTs, Day care OTs,
Solid waste blood & body fluids including Emergency OT, Cath Lab,
cotton, dressings, soiled ICUs, procedure rooms,
plaster casts, beddings, IPD, OPD pathology lab,
pathological waste, infected phlebotomy room, blood
blood, patient samples & bank
specimens.
3 Microbiology Cultures, Stocks of micro – Microbiology lab
Waste organisms, dishes & devices
used for culture.
4 Disposables Disposables other than sharps OTs, Cath labs, IPD, OPD,
e.g., Gloves, tubings, ER, ICUs
catheters, IV – sets, clips,
valves and any other infected
plastics
5 Sharps Needles, Syringes, scalprls, OTs, Cath labs, IPD, OPD,
blades, glass etc., which may ER, ICUs Phlebotomy room
cause puncture & cuts.
6 Liquid Waste Waste generated in the Laboratories, Laundry,
laboratories cleaning, Housekeeping

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

Housekeeping and disinfecting

activities
7 Chemical Chemicals used in the Labs
waste production of biologicals,
chemicals used in disinfection
8 Discarded Waste comprising outdated, All patient areas, pharmacy
Medicines contaminated & discarded
medicines
9 Non – Office waste like paper, All areas of the hospital
infectious cartons, cardboard boxes,
waste metal cans, packaging
material, garden waste and
kitchen waste

Bio-medical waste poses great threat of infections to patients, staff and to the public
in-case it is exposed to public at large. The impacts are long term and are severe in
magnitude. Following are the potential adverse impacts that may arise due to
improper handling of biomedical waste on the human environment:

 Physical injuries may occur to the hospital personnel as well as waste handlers
outside the hospital due to improper handling of various biomedical wastes.
Out of the different categories of wastes, sharps are most likely to cause
physical injury especially when they are mixed with other biomedical waste
that increases the risk of Hepatitis and HIV infections.
 Chemical injuries can occur due to hazardous - toxic, corrosive, flammable,
and reactive and genotoxic wastes which are likely to cause chemical burns on
accidental exposure, or toxicity to cells (cytotoxic materials).
 Nosocomial infections to the patients from poor infection control policies and
poor waste management practices.
 Increasing uses of disposables in hospitals generate large quantum of infectious
waste that can be reused, if not managed effectively.
 Mushrooming business of disposables being repacked and sold without even
being washed can be life threatening.
 Proliferation and wide spectrum of healthcare units, large and small hospitals,
nursing homes, clinics etc., which do not have proper waste management
facilities, can poses potential threat to human environment.
 Also when such waste is disposed in open it is likely to contaminate land and
water environment either through percolation or surface runoff.
With a judicious planning and management, the risk can be reduced considerable. It is
estimated that on an average 0.15 kg of waste per bed per day at occupancy rate of
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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

60% shall be generated and a part of it is estimated to be infectious in nature and

needs effective management under the Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016.

Flow Diagram for Biomedical Waste Management

Identification of Waste

Segregation of Waste

Collection

Storage

Transportation

Treatment & final disposal

4.5 TRAINING AND AWARENESS PROGRAM:

For successful implementation of Biomedical waste management plan, training and

awareness program is a vital step to sensitize the personnel regarding the various
aspects of Biomedical Waste Management. Basic training in biomedical waste handling
procedures will be provided to all the hospital personnel in service. The basic
components of training programme are as follows:
 The hazards associated with healthcare wastes.
 Methods of preventing transmission of nosocomial infections related to waste
handling methods.
 The various safety procedures for dealing with chemical, pharmaceutical and
radioactive wastes and sharps.
 Proper waste segregation handling, transport, treatment and disposal methods.
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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

4.6 TRAINING TOOLS

 On-site staff training: The staff will be updated with the latest happenings in
the field of waste management as well as best practice for healthcare
institutions. Reorientation programs are planned for personnel at regular
intervals.
 Development of training manuals, curriculum and videos
 A Hospital Infection Control Committee plan, which is constituted for
biomedical waste management shall prepare videos, manuals, curriculum, and
training within the hospitals for the purpose of the training of the hospital
staffs.
 Seminars, Forums & Conferences: Routine update on biomedical waste
management will be organized for each level of staff to keep them aware of
latest happenings in the field like the ways of reducing wastes, safe waste
handling practices and alternative methods of treatment of waste.
 Use of proper personal protective gear like, gloves, during handling of
biomedical waste.

4.7 SECONDARY SLUDGE FROM STP/PRE TREATMENT FACILITY:

The solid waste generated from the STP of secondary settling is in the form of
stabilized secondary sludge. It is then passed through the Plate & Frame filter press,
the solids obtained as semi solid cakes are used as organic manure for the
development of plantations within the premises. The quantity of secondary sludge
from the secondary settling units of the treatment. Sludge from pretreatment facility
will be disposed through incineration facilities.
* Total capacity: 650 m3/day and sludge: 234 Kgs/Day
* Total capacity: 35 m3 /day

4.8 HAZARDOUS WASTE:

The Hazardous waste generated from the project is waste oil of about 1000
Litres/annum which will be stored in closed barrels and disposed to KSPCB approved
and CPCB register waste oil re-processors. Authorization will be obtained from KSPCB
as per Hazardous & Other Waste (Management &Transboundary Movement) Rules,
2016.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

4.9 e - WASTE:

The Electronic Waste (e-waste) such as CD’s, Pen drives, computer and its
components, used batteries, etc., from the project will be segregated, collected and
stored at a designated place and will be handed over to authorized recyclers.

4.10 RAIN WATER HARVESTING:

The water collected from the terraces of the buildings shall be collected in the
rainwater collection sump and reused for domestic purpose after necessary
treatment.

Volume of Rain Water Harvested:

The total quantity of water i.e., received in the form of rainfall over an area is called
the rain water endowment of that area, out of which the amount of water that can be
effectively harvested is called the rain water harvesting potential.
Rain Water harvesting potential = Intensity of Rainfall (m) x Roof Area x
Impermeability Factor.
The collection efficiency accounts for the fact that all the rain water falling over an
area cannot be effectively harvested due to losses on account of evaporation, spillage
or run off etc.,
According to the data available from Indian Meteorological Department, the
Average annual rainfall of Hubli city is about = 722 mm.
Assuming that about 30 rainy days in a year, the quantity of roof top rain water
harvested is calculated as under:

The ground coverage area of the project is 27,402 sq m

For rain water harvesting consider 75 % of this total area is 20,551.5 sq m
Quantity of Rain Water that can be harvested from the building is as follows.
Rain water (Q) from Roof top per day = Mean annual rainfall * area * collection
efficiency
= 0.722 x 20,551.5 x0.9
= 13,354.36 cum/annum
= 13,354.36 /30 = 445.14 l/day or say 446 KLD

The rain water collection tank of adequate capacity is proposed to be provided. The
collected rain water and is will be reused for domestic purposes.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

4.11 STORM WATER MANAGEMENT

Storm water disposal is divided into 2 Groups:

 Terrace Storm water disposal: The entire rainwater from the terrace would be
disposed through suitable rain water pipes and collecting in the dedicated rain
water collection sump, which is proposed at site level. This water will be utilized
for domestic purpose
 Site (Paved and landscape area) Storm water disposal: The entire storm water
from the site would be disposed off through suitable RCC Box drainage system to
the rainwater recharge pits and the excess is diverted to external storm water
drainage.

The quantity of storm water that the paved area will produce can be determined by
considering the impermeability factor to be 0.9.
Q = 0.722 x 10,042.31 sq m x 0.9
= 6525.49 /30 = 218 cum/day ----- A

The quantity of storm water that the landscaped area will produce can be determined
by considering the impermeability factor to be 0.3.
Q = 0.722 x 29,755.53 sq m x 0.3
= 6445.04 /30 = 215 cum/day ----- B
The Total quantity of storm water (A+B) = Paved area + Landscaped area
= 218+ 215 cum/day = 108 cum/day

The project authorities will provide recharging pits in the hospital and college for
ground water recharging. These recharging pits are filled with graded media
comprising of boulder at bottom and with coarse aggregates to facilitate percolation
of harvested rain water to recharge ground water table. The Recharge Pits are
interconnected in such a way that the rain led to the first recharge pit is also led to
the next pit. The excess rain water shall be drained off to the storm water drain.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

CHAPTER 5

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

5.0 INTRODUCTION

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is aimed at mitigating the possible

adverse impacts of a project and ensuring the existing environmental quality. The
EMP covers all aspects of planning, construction and operation of the project relevant
to environment. It is essential to implement the EMP right from the planning stage
continuing throughout the construction and operation stage. Therefore the main
purpose of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is to identify the project
specific activities that would have to be considered for the significant adverse
impacts and the mitigation measures required.

The construction phase impacts are mostly short term, restricted to the plot area and
not envisaged on the larger scale. In the operational phase the environmental impacts
are due to continuous operation of the project, hence, the emphasis in the
Environment Management Plan (EMP) is to minimize such impacts. The following
mitigation measures are recommended in order to synchronize the economic
development of the project area with the environmental protection of the region.

The emphasis on the EMP development is on the following;

 Mitigation measures for each of the activities causing the environmental
impact.
 Monitoring plans for checking activities and environmental parameters and
monitoring responsibilities.
 Role responsibilities and resource allocation for monitoring; and
 Implementation of the Scheduled plan.

Environmental management plan has been discussed in the following sections

separately for Construction phase and Operational phase.

5.1 EMP DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE:

During Construction phase the activities which need to be monitored and managed
from the point of pollution are detailed in the subsequent sections.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

5.1.1 LEVELLING AND SITE CLEARANCE:

Hospital and college building proposed in the project have 1 basement floor and the
earth excavation is necessary. There is an average level difference of about 1 m
where basements are proposed. Therefore the total quantity of earth excavated is
45,000 sq m out of which 15,000 sq m will be used for backfilling. Soil will be reused
for backfilling, paved area and formation activities within the site.

Total area of the basements of college and hospital combined = 22,536.96

Total quantity of earth excavated = 22,536 x 2 = 45,000 cum

For backfilling: Considering 33% of the total excavated earth to be reused =

= 45,000 x 33 % = 15,000 cum

For landscape development (considering 0.75 m filling) = 29,755 x 0.75 = 23,000 cum

Remaining 7,000 cum of soil will be used for paved area formation activities within
the project site.

Environmental Management during Leveling and Site Clearance:

Environmental Mitigation Proposed Remarks

Impacts
Noise generation:  Most optimum number of operation To reduce noise
Caused due to by the heavy equipment. level, Equipment
Excavators and  Selection of equipment with less provided with
Bulldozers noise generation. noise control
 The earth moving equipment shall devices is only
be periodically checked and used.
maintained for noise levels. Since
the site is more or less even use of
these earth moving equipments
may not be necessary.
 The workers will be provided with
PPE such as ear plugs.
Dust generation:  The site cleared will be periodically Tertiary treated
Leveling operations watered to reduce dust emissions. water to be used.
results in the  Barricades like metal sheets will be
emission of dust. provided all round the premises to
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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

avoid fugitive dust emission in to

the neighboring area apart from
water sprinkling.
 The workers will be provided with
PPE such as nose masks and goggles
to reduce impact.

5.1.2 TRANSPORTATION OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS:

During the Transportation of construction materials, minimum number of vehicles will

be used. Most optimum route is planned to reduce the impact of transportation
activity on the environment.
Environmental Management during Transportation

Environmental Impacts Mitigation Proposed

Noise generation  Good quality fuel will be used.
 Periodic maintenance of vehicles will be carried out.
Dust generation  Quality packaging of the construction materials.
 Construction materials shall be covered with tarpaulin
sheet to prevent them from being air borne.
 The vehicle speed shall be regulated.
 The workers transporting materials shall be provided
with PPE such as nose masks to reduce impact of air
borne dust on their health.
Vehicular emissions  Periodic emission check for vehicles is required.
 Clean fuel shall be used for vehicles.

5.1.3 CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES:

During the construction work, the following impacts are identified to monitor and
mitigate the level of impact.

Environmental Management during construction

Environmental Impacts Mitigation Proposed Remarks

Noise generation  Less noise generating equipment Implementation
shall be used. responsibility:
 Personnel Protective Equipment Contractor - Civil
(PPE) such as ear plugs and Works

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

helmets will be provided for

workers.
 The working hours to be imposed
on the construction workers.
Dust generation  PPE in the form of nose masks will Implementation
be provided for construction responsibility:
workers. Contractor
 Use of water sprays to prevent
dust from being air borne.
 Barricades like metal sheets will
be provided all around the
premises to avoid fugitive dust
emission in to the neighboring area
apart from water sprinkling.
Water discharge  Sewage generated will be treated Implementation
(construction works) in package STP responsibility:
Contractor
Air Emissions from  Periodic check and regular Implementation
Construction machinery maintenance of construction responsibility:
machinery for emissions. Contractor
 Clean fuel will be used in
equipments.

5.1.4 CONSTRUCTION WORKERS:

Environmental Management during construction:

Environmental Impacts Mitigation Proposed Remarks

Wastewater generation Provision of adequate sanitation Responsibility:
facilities. Contractor
Usage of water Water for construction workers Responsibility:
will be supplied in required Contractor
quantities.
Solid waste generation Segregation of Dry Waste and Wet Implementation
Waste. responsibility:
Adequate facilities to handle solid Contractor –
wastes will be provided. maintenance.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

PERSONNEL SAFETY SYSTEM:

It is planned to adopt the safe working practices which shall govern all construction
works undertaken throughout the project. Following Safety Aids to all laborers will be
provided:

 Safety Helmets, Safety Belts, Safety Shoes, Hand gloves.

 Gumboots while concreting.
 Safety Goggles while welding/ Stone dressing etc.,
 Facemasks and full body kit while Pest control.
Implementation of Safety procedures such as:
 Using proper lifting techniques.
 Using Safe Scaffolds.
 Hot work permits for Fabrication and Welding.

5.1.5 FINANCIAL ALLOCATION & BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR EMP (CONSTRUCTION

PHASE)

Sl. Description Financial Provision in

No Rs. Lakhs/annum
Capital Recurring
Cost Cost
1 Environmental Management Plan construction phase:
Tertiary treated water for
• Sprinkling to control fugitive dusts 2.0 1.0
 Construction & curing purposes 2.0 1.0
 Flushing 2.0 1.0
2 Potable water requirement for the construction 2.0 1.0
workers
3 Sewage Treatment Plant / Pretreatment facility 100.0 -
4 Maintenance of Vehicles and equipments - 1.0
5 Top Soil Conservation 2.0 -
6 Temporary Storm Water Drains 3.0 1.0
7 Personal protection safety gadgets and health care 1.0 0.5
8 First aid facilities for workers 1.0 0.5
9 Plantation of Saplings 5.0 1.0
10 Environmental Monitoring Plan (Air, Noise, Water - 1.0
and Soil).
11 TOTAL 120.0 9.0

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

Contingency at 10 % 12.0 0.9

TOTAL 132.0 9.9

5.2 EMP DURING OPERATION PHASE:

Following are the identified operational phase activities in the impact assessment,
which may have impact on the environment.
1. Air quality
2. Water quality
3. Noise quality
4. Solid waste disposal
5. Green belt development
6. Storm water Management

5.2.1 AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT:

The pollutants envisaged from the project are SPM, SO2, NOx mainly due to burning of
liquid fuel (HSD) in DG and boiler. Exhaust from DG sets and boiler will be emitted
from stack of adequate height for dispersion of gaseous pollutants. The following
Table presents the EMP for air quality management during operation phase.

Air Quality Management during Operation Phase

Environmental Impacts Mitigation Proposed
DG set and boiler  Equipment selected is ensured for the exhaust
emission standards as prescribed as per the latest
amendments from the MoEF.
 DG is used as stand-by unit
 Periodic check and maintenance of both the
equipment
Ambient air quality  Ambient air quality monitoring as per the
prescribed norms at regular interval.

5.2.2 WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT:

Water requirement of project will be met through Hubli City Municipal Water Supply
sources and Bore well Sources. Details of water requirement and Water balance is
presented in Chapter 2.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

The sewage generated from the proposed project will be treated in STP. Treated
water will be reused for flushing, gardening etc., and the following Table presents the
EMP for water quality.

Water Quality Management during Operation Phase

Environmental impacts Mitigation Proposed

Wastewater  Will be treated with Sewage treatment plant to
produce tertiary treated water which is reused for
secondary purposes such as flushing landscaping
development etc.,
 Water conservation measures are encouraged

5.2.3 NOISE MANAGEMENT:

High noise generating units such as DG set will be provided with acoustic enclosures.
Green belt on the project boundary will further act as noise barrier and helps in
attenuation of noise. The Table presents the EMP for noise level.

Noise Management during Operation Phase

Environmental Mitigation Proposed

Impacts
Noise from DG set and  Acoustic enclosures will be provided for DG sets.
boiler area  DG sets and boilers will be installed in an area (utility
section) where the access is restricted.
 The use of PPE (ear plugs) is mandatory in the DG set
and boiler area.
 Selection of equipment to ensure that the residual
noise level of < 55 dB(A)
 Noise level is being checked periodically using a noise
pressure level meter.

5.2.4 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT:

The solid wastes generated during operation phase can be categorized under
 Domestic/Residential Waste
 Wet Garbage: Food waste, Lawn mowing wastes etc.,
 Dry Garbage: Paper, Plastic, Bottles, etc.,
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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

 Sludge from Sewage Treatment Plant (STP)

The various mitigation measures to be adopted during collection and disposal of

wastes are as follows:
 It is preferable that the container and bins used for collection of waste
should be of closed type and waste is not exposed thus possibility of
spreading of disease through flies and mosquitoes is minimized.
 Collection system should be properly supervised so that quick and regular
removal of waste from the dustbin is practiced.

5.2.5 BIO MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT:

The Bio Medical waste will be scientifically segregated, collected and disposed
through Rio Green Environ INDIA ASTS located at Tarihal Industrial Area as per Bio
Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016.

5.3 LANDSCAPE DEVELOPMENT:

The landscape of project site has been planned to provide a clean, healthy and
beautiful green environment for the people. Presently project site has 88 trees of
difference species. 24 trees are proposed to be cut. Landscape development has been
designed to achieve a blend between modern building and various species of plants,
shrubs, to create a clean, healthy and aesthetic environment that provides a visual
retreat and relaxation. Along with this about 346 tress of different species are
proposed to be planted at site.

In the project site there are two nalas one running from North to South and other
from east to west. As per the norms of the planning authority, buffer zone of 15 m
towards the site is left for the nala running from north to south which is located on
edge of the site. Similarly buffer zone of 12 m is left on either side of the nala
running from east to west. Buffer zone will be earmarked for landscape development.
Cross over bridges to access the buildings are proposed at appropriate locations.

Sl No Scientific name Common name Numbers

1 Azadirachta indica Neem tree 30
2 Mimusops elengi Bakula tree 25
3 Neolamarckia cadamba Kadamba tree 15
4 Alstonia scholaris Blackboard tree 18
5 Filicium decipiens Fern tree 12
6 Conocarpus erectus Buttonwood 15
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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

7 Spathodea campanulata African tulip tree 27

8 Lagerstroemia speciosa Pride of India 35
9 Tabebuia Rosea Rosy trumpet tree 15
10 Peltophorum pterocarpum Yellow flame tree 40
11 Cassia Javanica Pink shower tree 24
12 Tabebuia Argentea Silvertrumpet tree 30
13 Plumeria Alba Frangipani 30
14 Ficus Benjamina Weeping fig 30
Total 346

Trees which are being cut

Sl.No Scientific name Common
Name
1 Tectona grandis Teak Wood
2 Azadirachta indica Neem
3 Tamarindus indica Hunashe
4 Elettaria cardamomum Elachi
5 Prosopis cineraria Banni

5.4 MANAGEMENT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC ISSUES:

Health camp for construction workers:

Periodical health camps will be organized to monitor and facilitate the construction
workers.
The project is Hospital and Medical College Project and implementation of the
proposed project is beneficial to society as it provides health care and educational
facilities to the public at large.

5.5 HEALTH RISK AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT:

Public health and safety:

Since all the construction related activities are confined to the project site, minimal
health related impacts are envisaged within the project influenced area during the
construction stage.
At the project site on an average of 200 no. of persons will be engaged, who face
direct exposure to dust and noise generated from the construction activity. This is
likely to cause health related affects such as asthma, bronchitis etc. and hearing
impairments respectively.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

To minimize these anticipated impacts, suitable actions like:

• Use of water sprinklers to prevent dust from being air borne.

• Providing suitable personal protective equipments (PPE) like mouth mask with
filters, noise mask, helmets etc.
• Periodic health checkup camp for the laborers will be arranged.
• Provision of safety belts.
• In case of injury on site medical treatment and transport will be organized.

Due to operation of the project, there will be enhancement in public Health and
safety.
 Regular visit of resident medical officer to take care of the first aid and
primary medication in case of emergency for staff and office occupants and
laborers.
 First aid kit with primary medicines will always be available in the medical
centre.
 Display of action plan and preparedness measures during emergency situations.

5.6 EMP IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE:

Phased according to the priority, the implementation schedule is presented in the

following table.
Implementation Schedule for EMP
No Recommendations Requirement
1 Air pollution control measures Before commissioning of respective units
2 Water pollution control measures Before commissioning of the project
3 Noise control measures Along with the commissioning of the
project
4 Solid waste management During commissioning of the project
5 Green belt development Stage-wise implementation
The responsibility of EMP implementation lies with the project promoter.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

5.7 FINANCIAL ALLOCATION & BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR EMP (OCCUPANCY

PHASE)

Sl Description Financial Provision in Rs.

No Lakhs/annum
Capital Recurring
Cost Cost
1 Operation of Sewage Treatment Plant / - 3.0
Pretreatment facility
2 Reclaimed Sewage Distribution Network 5.0 1.0
3 Rain water harvesting tanks and its facilities 5.0 1.0
4 Ground water recharging pits & its management 6.0 1.5
5 DG sets acoustic & Maintenance 5.0 1.0
6 Landscaping 10.0 1.0
7 Solid waste management per annum (and Bio 6.0 0.5
Medical Waste Management)
8 Environmental Monitoring Plan per annum (Air, - 1.0
Noise, Water)
9 TOTAL 37 10
Contingency at 10 % 3.7 1.0
TOTAL 40.7 11.0

5.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ROUTINES:

A comprehensive monitoring program schedule for environmental parameters is

suggested below:

Sl. Particulars Monitoring Duration of Important

No frequency monitoring parameters for
monitoring
I Air Quality
1. Ambient Air monitoring
Project premises Once in a 24 hourly RSPM, SPM,
month sample SO2, NOx
2. Stack monitoring Once in a Grab SPM, SO2, NOx,
year if HC, CO
required
II Water and Wastewater Quality
1. Water Quality

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

i. Groundwater at two locations Once in a Grab As per KSPCB

(up-gradient and down-gradient) month requirements
of treated effluent discharge
area/land
2. Wastewater quality
i. Inlet into STP NA NA -
ii. Treated effluent prior to NA NA -
discharge
III Soil Quality
1. Within project premises at 1 Once in 6 Composite As per KSPCB
location on effluent discharging month sample requirements
area/land
2. Ecological preservation and up Seasonal Visual Survival rate
gradation observations
IV Noise monitoring
1. Project premises Once in 6 Day and night As per KSPCB
month requirements

5.9 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANS FOR PRE CONSTRUCTION PHASE:

Risk and disaster management plan:

Disaster is an unexpected event due to sudden failure of the system, external threats,
internal disturbances, earth quakes, fire and accidents. Thus an appropriate
management plan shall be incorporated.

Precautions:
• Once the likelihood of the disaster is suspected, preventive actions should be
undertaken by the project in-charge.
• Conditional maintenance of equipments, materials, and expertise for use during
emergency.
• The electrical systems shall be provided with automatic circuit breakers activated
by over current.
• Proper escape routes are planned and displayed in the public domain.
• Selected representatives are given proper training to guide other inhabitants
during Fire accidents.
• Periodic awareness program is conducted for the workers on their roles during
emergency situations.

Important telephone numbers like police authorities, fire department and hospitals
etc., of use during emergency situations will be made available.
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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

5.10 RISK ASSESSMENT & MANAGEMENT PLAN

Sl. No. Potential Mitigation

1 Accidental fire Fire safety gadgets
2 Fall of objects Use of personal protection devices-helmets
3 Working at great Protection to prevent fall with life safety belts and
heights nets.
4 Accidents from Personal protection gadgets
machinery
5 Electrical mishap Adopting safety measures to prevent any act of
negligence and providing electrical safety measures
like fire extinguishers.
All necessary measures will be taken to avoid accidents and mishaps during operation
phase.

Important telephone numbers like police authorities, fire department and hospitals
etc., for use during emergency situations are made available.

5.11 TRAFFIC IMPACT STUDIES & MANAGEMENT MEASURES

Traffic study for the project is conducted on the SH 73 – Dharwad Hubballi Highway in
front of the project project site towards East; for vehicles moving towards Hubballi
city and Gabbur.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

TRAFFIC COUNTS IN FRONT OF PROJECT SITE FOR VEHILCES MOVING TOWARDS

GABBUR

Timing 2Wh 3Wh 4Wh Trucks/Buses Total

7:00-8:00 AM 140(105) 39(78) 69(69) 30(90) 278(342)

8:00-9:00 AM 180(135) 50(100) 89(89) 40(120) 359(444)

9:00-10:00 AM 215 (162) 75(150) 117(117) 50 (150) 457(579)

10:00-11:00 AM 201(151) 60(120) 110(110) 45(135) 416(516)

4:00-5:00 PM 192(144) 55(110) 102(102) 30(90) 379(446)

5:00-6:00 PM 185(139) 40(80) 90(90) 27(81) 342(390)

6:00-7:00 PM 160(120) 36(72) 65(65) 20(60) 281(317)

7:00-8:00 PM 135(102) 29(58) 49(49) 20(60) 233(269)

Equivalent PCU factors 0.75 for 2 wheelers and 2.0 for 3 wheelers as per IRC:106 –
1990. The figures in parenthesis are equivalent PCUs
Highest traffic count of 579 PCUs / hour (9:00-10:00 AM) is considered for calculation

TRAFFIC COUNTS IN FRONT OF PROJECT SITE FOR VEHILCES MOVING TOWARDS

HUBBALLI CITY

Timing 2Wh 3Wh 4Wh Trucks/Buses Total

7:00-8:00 AM 132(99) 39(78) 69(69) 30(90) 270(336)

8:00-9:00 AM 170(128) 50(100) 89(89) 40(120) 349(437)

9:00-10:00 AM 200 (150) 75(150) 117(117) 50 (150) 442(567)

10:00-11:00 AM 189(142) 60(120) 110(110) 45(135) 404(507)

4:00-5:00 PM 180(135) 55(110) 102(102) 30(90) 367(437)

5:00-6:00 PM 230(173) 80(160) 193(193) 50(150) 553(676)

6:00-7:00 PM 265(199) 100(200) 220(220) 55(165) 640(634)

7:00-8:00 PM 250(188) 101(202) 205(205) 52(156) 608 (751)

Highest traffic count of 634 PCUs / hour (6:00-7:00 PM) is considered for calculation
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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

EXISTING TRAFFIC SCENARIO & LEVEL OF SERVICE:

Description V C Existing LOS

V/C Ratio
On main road - towards Gabbur 579 2400 0.24 ‘B’
On main road – towards 634 2400 0.26 ‘B’
Hubballi
V = Volume in PCUs/h, C = Capacity in PCUs/h, PCU = Passenger Car Units

V/C LOS Performance

0.0 - 0.2 A Excellent
0.2 - 0.4 B Very Good
0.4 - 0.6 C Average
0.6 - 0.8 D Poor
0.8 - 1.0 E Very Poor

The existing LOS performance is ‘B’ i.e. Excellent

DURING CONSTRUCTION:

 Number of trucks proposed to come to the site is 10

 Day time : 5 trucks, Night time:5 trucks
 The additions do not make any significant change for traffic movement at any
given time.
 Vehicles carrying construction materials are well covered to prevent any
spillage
 Vehicles hired for construction material will be in good condition and conforms
to noise and air emission standards.
 Vehicles will operate only during non-peak hours

ENTRY & EXIT TO THE PROJECT:

 Entry and exit will be given to the approach road

 The smooth entry and exit of vehicles at the gate will be established by
providing bell mouth shape to prevent congestion at the gate without any delay
 The wide entry and exit is adequate for the movement of traffic from in and
out.

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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

PARKING STATEMENT

 Total no. of parking spaces proposed in the project is 585 cars

 Since it is a Hospital facility, the vehicular movement will be from Morning to
evening. However, to assess the worst case scenario the total generated traffic
will be distributed 3 hours in the morning (7-10 AM) and 3 hours in the evening
(5-8 PM) i.e., 3 hours in the morning & evening
 585/3 = 195 PCUs/h
 It is assumed that the 50 % of the vehicles from the project move towards
Hubballi and remaining 50 % move towards Gabbur.
 Vehicle distribution towards Gabbur : 195 X 0.5 = 98 PCUs
 Vehicle distribution towards Hubballi : 195 X 0.5 = 97 PCUs

Study road V Existing Additional Total Modified Modified

V/C Volume (V) Volume V/C LOS
Towards Gabbur 579 0.1 98 677 0.28 “B”
Towards 634 0.2 97 731 0.30 “B”
Hubballi City

CONSIDERING VEHICLE GROWTH AS 12 % PER ANNUM

Study road PROJECTED VEHIVLE GROWTH 3 years*

V C V/C LOS
Towards Gabbur 677+ 243= 920 2400 0.38 ‘C’
Towards Hubballi 731+ 264= 995 2400 0.41 ‘C’

Study road PROJECTED VEHIVLE GROWTH 5 years*

V C V/C LOS
Towards Gabbur 677+ 405 = 1082 2400 0.45 ‘C’
Towards Hubballi 731+ 440 = 1171 2400 0.48 ‘C’

The LOS would be ‘C’ after 3 and 5 years

MODIFIED TRAFFIC SCENARIO AFTER ROAD WIDENING:

As per Master Plan the study road Hubballi Dharwad Highway is proposed to be
widened to 27 m. Scenario after road widening is projected as under
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Project Report Medical College and Hospital Project

Study road Existing Modified

V C V/C LOS V C V/C LOS

Towards Gabbur 1082 2400 0.45 ‘C’ 1082 3600 0.30 ‘B’

Towards Hubballi 1171 2400 0.48 ‘C’ 1171 3600 0.32 ‘B’

After road widening the Level of service of the road improves from ‘C’ to ‘B’.

Measures to improve LoS (Traffic management measures)

1. Merging of vehicles will be performed only to left traffic from the exit gates,
this ensures safety.
2. To establish smooth entry & exit of vehicles, bell mouth shape geometry is
provided at the gates. This ensures smooth transition for merging of vehicles.
3. Yellow paint junction boxes are painted at the locations to create psychological
barrier for through drivers to control the speed.
4. Rubber humps will be introduced for the outgoing vehicles at the exit gate
drive way. All gates will be manned with efficient security who can guide the
entry and exit of vehicles.
5. Adequate sign & guide posts for traffic as per IRC (Indian Roads Congress).
6. Road marking, STOP lines, parking lanes, slot numbers etc., will be maintained.
7. Roads must be clearly painted so as to guide the vehicles.

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