Volume 14| January 2023 ISSN: 2795-7640

Proposed Blood Donation System for

Rural Areas: A Case Study in Iraq

Saif Muhannad Mahir Cisco Academe, Tikrit University, Iraq

[email protected]

Blood donation saves people’s lives every day in various situations. Compared to the
actual need, extremely few people donate blood. This study introduces a proposed
System for managing blood donation in rural areas. Any hospital, blood bank, or medical
facility that employs blood banks can employ a blood bank management system. This
study's primary objective is to suggest a blood donor management system specifically
ABSTRACT

for third-world rural environments. Firstly, a web application developed using the
appropriate Server and Client-side scripting languages. Secondly, an Android
application was developed to be installed on the donor’s mobile. The goal of such
systems is to stop the anxiety brought on by a blood shortage in an emergency. In an
emergency, the proposed system can locate the necessary amount of blood from a blood
bank or even a blood donor. The proposed system provides a service for the donor to
communicate directly with the patient who needs blood, and the patient can search in
the nearby area to invest time that could contribute to saving the patient's life.
Keywords: Emergency, Donors, Blood Bank, Rural Area, Donor management .

1- Introduction application for blood donor . The donor can

Traditionally, a patient who requires blood use GPS in that application to determine the
must get in touch with a blood bank or a precise route (Global Positioning System). It
potential donor from their network of friends, will be possible to save blood donor
family, and acquaintances who has the information. Only the administrator is
appropriate blood type [1]. However, finding a permitted to view private and confidential
qualified donor within a small number of information. They have methodologies like
persons at a given time is challenging. There is PHP,MY SQL, Android .
also no assurance that blood banks will have In “ MBB:A Life Saving Application “ by
compatible blood groups on hand. Modern Narendra Gupta et.al [5]has proposed a method
smartphones have made a substantial to create a website with android application .
improvement in RAM, storage, and the number They have proposed that the donor is
of additional appearances [2, 3]. monitored using a Geographic Information
Because it is an open platform, Android OS is System in their application (GIS). The website's
frequently used by manufacturers of goal is to modernize their present system,
smartphones. Numerous sensors are contained which only allows authorized users to read
in the hardware that makes up Android data. They contain two device type:1)An
smartphones. The Google Play store offers a android phone with android os, 2) A computer
wide variety of unique appliances (apps) for for website and database which is used to store
installation. The study in [4] proposed an the information about the donor In “ An

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Volume 14| January 2023 ISSN: 2795-7640
Android Application for volunteer Blood applications that aid patients and caregivers in
Donors “. The study in [6] Presented a reducing effort and saving time. Applications
volunteer blood donor application, with the can assist a blood donor or a person in need of
main goal of this application being to notify blood in determining how, when and where the
Rh++ of the donor location on a regular basis. blood donation is complete, particularly mobile
Rh++ is a clever information system that aims applications[5, 7, 8] For the reasons above,
to manage the blood supply and donation numerous researchers and developers have
chains. contributed to enhancing the blood donation
to create a system that connects each blood process by designing or developing systems,
bank and donor in a chain, allowing this applications and prototypes depending on
connection to help patients who are in dire different technologies. They have used an
need of blood. Such a system is intended to Android system based on mobile applications
lessen confusion and panic in emergency with GPS technologies to improve the blood
situations, allowing the patient's family to bank system, management and ability to find
remain together rather than racing to acquire the nearest blood donors. For instance, in
blood. The user has the option to both request Algeria, the Zomraty application[4] saves
blood and donate it in the suggested system. thousands of lives by connecting volunteers to
The user can keep the app updated and donate blood and individuals in need within 10
maintain making regular donations to keep kilometres of the user in need of blood.
track of when they are next eligible for Meanwhile, the prototype in[5] is a blood
donations. Rural and remote areas lack health donor system based on a smartphone
care systems and institutions such as hospitals, application that uses crowdsourcing to find
medical centers, and blood banks. Also, adhere donors within 5 kilometres. Furthermore, the
to a stringent system for obtaining units of project in[9] uses smartphones to store
blood in an emergency. So these reasons may information on donors and local hospitals by
lead to a risk in the lives of patients or those tracking the position of the neighbouring blood
who need a blood transfusion or due to various banks or hospitals using cloud computing
accidents and may lead to death. If the required technologies. In addition, the research in[10]
amount of blood is available, the hospital will proposed an approach to shorten the donor
provide it. Otherwise, the patient's relatives and recipient time using an Android
will need to do a disorganized blood search. application with a GSM modem and a
The current system has a slow response time, Raspberry PI to provide real-time results.
is exceedingly complex, and is not subtle. Quick Creating an Android mobile application
blood updates are not supported by the system. framework[6] will make blood services more
Furthermore, it does not link donors in a chain accessible to blood banks, blood donations and
for emergency cases. blood recipients. Meanwhile, another study[11]
presented the correlation between the existing
2- Literature Review blood bank framework of the blood bank
Information and communication technologies information system and an upgraded
(ICTs) are widely used (smartphones, smart framework to increase effectiveness. Such
TVs and tablets). The rapid expansion of m- improvement is dependent on the database,
health has been affected by the development of web services and mobile services that use data
smartphones and tablets because of the need to from the cloud. Meanwhile, other studies have
make quick life-saving decisions in several focused on web applications to provide
events, such as road accidents, major surgeries, information on blood and organ donation that
long-term treatments (chemo or blood blood banks and patients need in emergencies.
treatment) and regular blood transfusions in Hence, researchers have created a one-of-a-
special situations, such as patients with kind platform, a web application, through
anaemia and thalassemia. Specifically, Android which registered users can enter the system’s
devices offer various health and medical blood and organ management system[12]. In

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Volume 14| January 2023 ISSN: 2795-7640
addition, the intelligent GIS-based organ and donor support system as part of a new
blood donation system increases efficiency in framework focusing on a service design. The
donation areas based on a web application design is called the Blood Donors Support
built with HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript, PHP and System (BDSS). In addition, a survey on
AJAX[13]. The system described and executed awareness of blood donation promotion
in[14] has been proposed and implemented as applications was undertaken[17].
a functional system for the blood bank service
system to thrive even in the most remote areas. 3- Methodology
It is straightforward for both young and older 3.1 Proposed System Architecture
adults, as it ensures that patients have Our application is being created to drastically
immediate blood donors in any circumstance. reduce the amount of time spent looking for
Given that the system is a web application that the right donor and the amount of blood that is
uses Unstructured Supplementary Service Data available. As a result, this application delivers
(USSD) code, Short Message Service (SMS) and the required information quickly and facilitates
a free toll line, it is available for online and quicker decision-making. This helps the
offline database searches. To reinforce the citizens of rural areas and far from city centres
effective information management of blood to stay with their patients from the families or
banks and to find blood donors in emergencies, friends in danger situations, rather than getting
other researchers proposed to merge both scared and searching for blood units. by
web-based and Android-based providing a database-based real-time
applications[15]. application for connecting blood banks and
A mobile application provides direct donors.
communication between the donor and the Client and server are the two components that
beneficiary by allowing them to send SMS make up the system. The user side and the
notifications. Meanwhile, a web-based program blood bank side are the two components of the
can generate a database using a web interface client side. These parties will use tablets and
and store the collected data in a centralised mobile phones to access the system. Users can
server[16]. use this to check whether they qualify to
To sustain and increase the number of blood donate and to find blood units when they're
donors, researchers also developed a blood needed, and blood banks can use it to update
donation promotion application and built a the blood units they currently have available.

Figure (1):- Proposed System Architecture

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Volume 14| January 2023 ISSN: 2795-7640
Information about users and blood banks will an email confirmation is sent to the registered
be stored in the server's real-time database. email address. The user's data will be
Information about users and blood banks is permanently stored in the real-time database
stored in a real-time database on the server. once the verification is completed. The
registration information will be very important
3.3. The Flow of the Proposed System because it will be used in an urgent situation.
The proposed solution consists of an Android When a user searches for blood units, the
application designed for individual users and contact information will be displayed. When
blood banks linked by a network. Before using searching, the application offers a direct calling
the system's features, both blood banks and feature. Blood banks will have the ability to
individual users must register. At first when keep updating blood units as soon as blood is
registered, the verification process begins, and given to patients or received by other donors.

Figure (2):- Proposed System flow

4-Implementation. and a real-time database to the back end. The

Android is a Google-owned open-source authentication process is also handled by the
operating system designed specifically for Firebase API.
smartphones and tablets. Android is built on
the Linux platform. By using an android-based A sitemap is a visual or textual representation
application, the limitations of the existing of content and interactive content that allows
system are avoided. The application is built on users to navigate the web, which guides the
the Android Software Development Kit and users in recognizing the correct direction of the
coded in Java. Firebase provides connectivity site and will serve as guidance.
Figure (3) shows the sitemap of the web application of the proposed system.

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Volume 14| January 2023 ISSN: 2795-7640

Figure (Error! No text of specified style in document.): Web Application navigation map

4-1 Interface Design functions. Figure (4) shows the login page for
The design of a user interface is a type of both the admin and medical staff. This form
software design. The screen is constructed the required the username and password to go to
system's requirement to finish all required the next page.

Figure (4): Login page

It is a launch page to the proposed donor managements and permissions. Monitoring the
management system as in Figure (5) which is blood group quantities and shows the
responsible for showing all the web Application notifications.
functions: user managing, privileges

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Volume 14| January 2023 ISSN: 2795-7640

Figure (5): Dashboard page

The following functions can be managed Management System study aimed to take an
using the proposed Web application active part in saving human lives and reducing
1- Add Donor page: Adding, editing and panic in emergency situations. The Android-
managing the don information after the based Blood Bank Management system is
clinical test. designed so that users can see information
2- Add and Manage Blood Banks page: This about authorised blood donors and blood
section is responsible for add and edit the banks such as name, address, and phone
blood banks information. number, as well as blood type detailed
3- Managing page of the account period information and medical information. It not
validity (system policy): only connects users to various donors, but also
This section is responsible for managing the to blood banks.
duration date of the blood
banks and sub-blood centers accounts. Acknowledgment
4- Users policies management page: I would like to thank the administrator of the
Users policies management section, which is Central Blood Bank of Mosul and the staff for
responsible for managing providing all information, documentation, and
the registered users. statistics that are required to build the
proposed system.
5- Conclusion
The main objective of this study is to propose a References
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