Page 1 (Cover):

Register, Jargon, and Slang Language

by Group 3

Page 2 (Group members):

1. Muhammad Fajar Khaerunaila (N1D222062)
2. Wa Ode Mustia (N1D222032)
3. Isnan Hanafi Ega (N1D222109)
4. Friskayanti Pasongli’ (N1D222050)
5. Icha Sabillah (N1D222007)
6. La Ode Putra (N1D222018)
7. Ahmat Fauzi (N1D222001)
8. Adheliya Putri A.R. (N1D222034)

Page 3 (Introduction):
Language plays an essential role in how we communicate,allowing us to share ideas, express
emotions and build relationship. However, the use of language varies depending on context,
audience, and purpose. Three key aspects of language that impact communication are
register, jargon, and slang. Register refers to the level of formality in language, while jargon
is specialized language used by specific professions or groups. Slang reflects current trends,
culture, and social groups.
Understanding these aspects is crucial for avoiding miscommunication and effectively
conveying messages. This presentation will aims to explore these concepts in detail,
examining their definitions, types, and usage in everyday communication.

Page 4 - 7 (Register):
1. Definition of Register
Registers in language varieties are sets of language items associated with specific
occupational or social groups. Agha (2006, 24) describes a register as a linguistic
repertoire that is associated, culture-internally, with particular social practices and with
persons who engage in such practices.
Different cultural groups within a society socialize individuals to learn various registers.
Using a register conforms to the norms of a socially situated way of using language or
invokes the context typically associated with that register. People can control multiple
registers, enabling them to construct different identities in various situations.

2. Register in Sociolinguistic
Registers are varied forms of speech determined by context, characterized by
phonological, syntactic, or lexical elements. A formal setting yields a formal register with
specific vocabulary, while an informal setting produces a casual register with non-
standard features and stigmatized elements.
Hudson (1980:48) mentions that the term register is widely used in sociolinguistics to
river to variety according to use, in contrast with dialects defined as varieties according to
the user. Registers differ from dialects, as the same person may use different language
 items to convey similar meaning. Communication behavior is classified within a complex
framework.

3. Types of Registers
According to Martin Joos (1907–1978), language register can be divided into several
types that describe a range of speech register from extremely formal to extremely casual.
a. Frozen style
Frozen style, the most formal and elegant communicative style, is reserved for
important or symbolic moments in venues like palaces, churches, and state
ceremonies. It is used in respectful situations and employs complex grammar and
specialized vocabulary.
Example: -
b. Formal style
Formal style is typically used in situations with limited shared background
knowledge and no audience feedback. It involves extensive vocabulary, standard
speech, and avoidance of repetition. It is commonly used in important or serious
contexts like scholarly reports, classrooms, speeches, and sermons.
Example: May you please submit your report by the end of the day?

c. Consultative style
Consultative style is a semi-formal communication style used in small groups and
with strangers. It is a less formal but still appropriate language style for everyday
business interactions. This style is commonly seen in group discussions, schools,
and buyer-seller interactions.
Example: Mr. Smith, I would like to discuss your recent report.
d. Casual style
Casual style is used for conversations in relaxed or normal situations, such as
among family, friends or co-workers. It involves using first names or nicknames
and often has shortened language with less emphasis on grammar.
Example: What‘s up? Haven‘t seen you in a while.
e. Intimate style
Intimate style is a private language used among close relationships. Intimate labels
like dear, darling, and nicknames are used. Intonation matters more than grammar.
It creates a comfortable and informal atmosphere for expressing feelings.
Example: Hey, sweetheart, do you need anything from the store?

Page 8 – 10 (Jargon):
1. Definition of Jargon
Jargon is a specialized language used by certain groups to enhance communication and
exclude outsiders. It serves as a bonding mechanism and prevents understanding by
outsiders. Fromkin et.al (2003, p.470) emphasizes that jargon is used by different
professional and social groups in so extensive and so obscure in meaning.
The vocabulary in jargon is derived from standard language through morphemes and
lexical transformations. The original form of words may be concealed by these
 transformations, like “prep” from “prepare.” Jargon primarily pertains to occupational
groups and helps establish group identity and relationships. It is a means for communities
to express themselves and possess their unique language.

Jargon has two main functions as follows:

a) Jargon provides speakers of specialized domains with clear, unambiguous terms to
refer to their activities.
b) Jargon provides speakers of a sub-group with a means of marking in-group
membership and excluding outsiders.
A few examples of Jargon in different fields:
a. Medical Jargon (e.g. Hypertension, Biopsy, Comorbidity)
b. Legal Jargon (e.g. Plaintiff, Subpoena, Pro Bono)
c. Technical Jargon (e.g. API, Debugging, Latency)
d. Business Jargon (e.g. ROI, Stakeholder)
e. Sports Jargon (e.g. Offside, Home run)

2. History of Jargon
The term “jargon” originated from the Old French word “jargoun” meaning “twittering.”
It first appeared in English in the 14th century in Geoffrey Chaucer’s “Canterbury Tales.”
Originally, it referred to the utterance of birds. The French word “jargoun” described
chattering, particularly of birds. Some sources believe it derived from the Latin verb
“gaggire” meaning “to chatter.” Over time, the meaning of jargon has evolved.
During British colonial times, jargon functioned as a pidgin, helping individuals with no
common language communicate using key phrases. This led to its portrayal as a
confusing subset of English. By the late 1600s, particularly in the 1980s, jargon became
associated with technical or specialized language, like medical terminology.

Page 11 – 14 (Slang)
1. Definition of Slang
Slang is defined as an ideological framework for reasoning about language, according to
Agha (2015:306), who defines it as a category of aberrant registers of language. It implies
that slang may be a whole distinct language than the slang‘s native tongue.
Meanwhile, Mattiello (2008) said that slang has a propensity against the sociological
view of this phenomenon, this view was adopted, among other things, and in the end
considered slang as a means of social identity and unity in a society.

2. Types of Slang
Allan and Burridge (2006) affirm that there are five different types of slang the result is
fresh and creative, flippant, imitative, acronym, and clipping and the explanation of slang
type can be seen as follows.
a. Fresh and Creative
Slang languages have evolved with new vocabulary, informality, and creativity,
often incorporating updated words. While some may already be familiar with
 slang, we may not recognize it as such. For instance, “sheesh” in the Oxford
Learner’s dictionary refers to extreme irritation or disbelief. It is a fresh and
creative slang because this word is a completely new vocabulary.
Example: Sheesh, she actually did it?
b. Flippant
Flippant is slang words that are made from two or more words in which the word
does not have any connection with the meaning itself. For example, the definition
of “break a leg” has the meaning of good luck. Another example is “built
different”, is a slang used to describe someone who stands out from the average
population, implying a significant difference in character.
Example: I dominate the competition because I‘m just built different.

c. Imitative
Imitative is a slang that imitates the standard of English words by combining two
different words. For example is “wanna”, which comes from the phrase words
“want to”. Another example is “Kinda”. This is an imitative slang in light of the
fact the slang word kinda is combined from two separate word, “kind of”.
Example: What‘s wrong? You look kinda sad to me.
d. Acronym
Acronym is the type of slang that is built from the first letter of the words and
forms into a group of words. For example is “LOL”, which has the meaning
“Laughing Out Loud”. Another example is “SM”, which stands for “so much”.
The slang word SM is an acronym slang in light of the fact that the slang word
SM comes from each of the first letters of the words and forms into one slang
word.
Example: IT IS SM FUNNY!
e. Clipping
The type of slang that gets rid of some of the parts of the words and becomes
shorter with the same meaning. Clipping itself is not appropriate to use in formal
conversation. For example, is “Sus”, which shortened version of “suspicious”. The
slang word “sus” is clipping slang in light of the fact that some of the letters get
rid of but still have the same meaning and become shorter than they used to be.
Example: Red is sus because he was with Pink before she died.

3. Difference of Slang and Jargon

Jargon and slang are two types of language varieties. Jargon refers to terminology used in
specific activities, professions, groups, or events. Slang, on the other hand, involves
informal words and expressions not considered standard within a dialect or language.
Jargon is formal and used in both written and spoken contexts, while slang is informal
and only used in spoken language.

Page 15 (QnA Session)

Any Questions?
Page 16 (Conclusion)
This presentation explores three ways in which language varies: register, jargon, and slang.
Register refers to the formality of language, with different levels of formality used in various
contexts. Jargon is specialized language used by specific groups, while slang is informal
language used in everyday conversation. The main difference between jargon and slang lies
in their context. Understanding these differences helps us communicate effectively and
understand others better.

Page 17 (Thank you!)

Thank you for your attention!