Review my learning 14–16 years

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Acids and bases: knowledge check

1.1 Label this diagram of the pH scale using the words below to show the pH of:

(a) an acidic solution

(b) an alkaline solution

(c) a neutral solution.

acidic alkaline neutral

1.2 Use the words to complete the sentences.

acidic acidity alkaline

alkalinity neutral

(a) The pH scale measures the ___________________________ or

___________________________ of a solution.

(b) ___________________________ solutions have a pH less than 7.

(c) ___________________________ solutions have a pH of 7.

(d) ___________________________ solutions have a pH greater than 7.

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1.3 Use the words to complete the sentences.

hydrochloric acid hydrogen nitric acid

sodium hydroxide solution sulfuric acid

(a) Three acids commonly found in school laboratories are ___________________________,

nitric acid and ___________________________.

(b) An alkali commonly found in school laboratories is ___________________________.

(c) ___________________________ ions are present in all acid solutions.

1.4 Use the words to complete the sentences. You can use the words more than once.
carbon dioxide salt water

These general equations represent some methods used to make salts:

(a) acid + metal → ___________________________ + hydrogen

(b) acid + metal oxide → salt + ___________________________

(c) acid + metal hydroxide → salt + ___________________________

(d) acid + metal carbonate → salt + ___________________________ +

___________________________

1.5 Use the words to complete the sentences.

laundry detergent lemon juice

(a) Two everyday acids you might find in your home are vinegar and

______________________________________________________.

(b) Two everyday bases you might find in your home are ___________________________

and baking soda.

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Acids and bases: test myself

2.1 What is an indicator? Use the words to complete the sentence.

colour concentration pH strength

An indicator is a substance that changes ___________________________ depending on the

___________________________ of the solution.

2.2 What colour is universal indicator in an acidic solution, an alkaline solution and a neutral
solution? Use the words to complete the sentences.

blue green red

(a) Universal indicator is ___________________________ in an acidic solution.

(b) Universal indicator is ___________________________ in an alkaline solution.

(c) Universal indicator is ___________________________ in a neutral solution.

2.3 What colour is universal indicator in a solution with a pH of 1? Use the words to complete the
sentence.

blue green red

Universal indicator is ___________________________ in a solution with a pH of 1.

2.4 What colour is the indicator litmus in acidic and alkaline solutions? Use the words to complete
the sentence.

blue green red yellow

Litmus indicator solution turns ___________________________ in acidic solutions and

___________________________ in alkaline solutions.

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2.5 What is a base? Use the words to complete the sentences.

copper oxide disappears reacts

salt sugar water

A base is any substance that ___________________________ with an acid to form a

___________________________ and ____________________________.

For example, ___________________________ is a base.

2.6 What is an alkali? Use the words to complete the sentences.

acids bases pH sodium hydroxide

Alkalis are soluble ___________________________ and have a

___________________________ greater than 7. For example,

___________________________ is an alkali.

2.7 What type of reaction occurs when an acid reacts with an alkali? Use the words to complete the
sentence.

combustion conduction neutralisation

A ___________________________ reaction occurs when an acid reacts with an alkali.

2.8 What names are given to the types of salts formed in reactions with these acids? Use the words
to complete the sentences.

carbonates chlorides hydrates

nitrates sulfates

(a) Hydrochloric acid produces ___________________________.

(b) Sulfuric acid produces ___________________________.

(c) Nitric acid produces ___________________________.

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2.9 Name the salt made when copper oxide reacts with sulfuric acid. Use the words to complete the
sentence.

copper copper hydroxide copper sulfate

The salt made when copper oxide reacts with sulfuric acid is ___________________________.

2.10 Draw lines to link the name of the acid with its formula.

(a) hydrochloric acid H2SO4

(b) sulfuric acid HNO3

(c) nitric acid HCl

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Acids and bases: feeling confident?

3.1 Complete the word equations.

acid hydroxide nitrate sodium

sulfate sulfuric water

(a) Hydrochloric acid reacting with sodium hydroxide:

hydrochloric ___________________________ + ___________________________

hydroxide → sodium chloride + water

(b) Sulfuric acid reacting with sodium hydroxide:

___________________________ acid + sodium hydroxide → sodium

___________________________ + ___________________________

(c) Nitric acid reacting with sodium hydroxide:

nitric acid + ___________________________ → sodium

___________________________ + water

3.2 Complete and balance the equations for the reactions in question 3.1.

H2O H2SO4 NaCl NaNO3

NaOH Na2SO4

(a) HCl + ___________________________ → NaCl + H2O

(b) ___________________________ + ___NaOH → Na2SO4 + ___H2O

(c) HNO3 + NaOH → ___________________________ + H2O

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Acids and bases: what do I understand?

Think about your answers and confidence level for each mini-topic. Decide whether you understand it
well, are unsure or need more help. Tick the appropriate column.

I understand I think I understand I need more

Mini-topic
this well this help
I can describe the pH scale.
I know the pH of acidic and
alkaline solutions.
I can name common acids and
alkalis.
I can write general word equations
for reactions of an acid with a:
 metal
 metal oxide
 metal hydroxide
 metal carbonate.
I can write chemical formulas for
common laboratory acids.
I can name types of salt produced
by reactions with:
 hydrochloric acid
 sulfuric acid
 nitric acid.
I can use universal and litmus
indicators to identity acidic,
alkaline and neutral solutions.
I understand I think I understand I need more
Feeling confident? topics
this well this help
I can write word equations for
reactions between an acid and a:
 metal
 metal oxide
 metal hydroxide
 metal carbonate.
I can write symbol equations for
reactions between an acid and a:
 metal
 metal oxide
 metal hydroxide
 metal carbonate.

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