SORSOGON STATE UNIVERSITY

Sorsogon City Campus

College of Engineering and Architecture
Baribag, Bibincahan, Sorsogon City

DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES

A.Y. 2023 - 2024

COMPILATION OF PROBLEMS ON

PRINCIPLES OF
DYNAMICS

Submitted by:
Datur, Charlyn B.
Doctor, Trisha Eunice D.
Escobedo, Ma. Keziah A.
Gayta, Christian F.
Metran. Nikki Isabelle D.

Submitted to:
Engr. Diana Rose D. Gotis

May 13, 2024

PROBLEM 1
A person weighs 220 lb. at sea level. Given the Earth's radius of 6378 km, what force is exerted
on the person by the gravitational attraction of the earth if he is in a space station in orbit 250 km
above the surface of the earth?

Given:
WP = 220 lb.
RE = 6378 km
H = 250 km
Required:
W
Solution:

The weight of an object at a

distance r from the center of the
earth is
𝑅𝐸2
𝑊 = 𝑚𝑔 ( 2 )
𝑟
Where:
RE = radius of the Earth
r = distance from the
center of the Earth

𝑊𝑃
𝑅𝐸2 𝑚=
𝑊 = 𝑚𝑔 ( 2 ) 𝑔
𝑟
𝑊𝑃 𝑅𝐸 2
= ( )𝑔( )
𝑔 𝑟
2
𝑅𝐸
= 𝑊𝑃 ( )
𝑅𝐸 + 𝐻
2
6378
= 220 ( )
6378 + 250
𝑾 = 𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟕 𝒍𝒃 Ans.

Therefore, the force exerted of the person is 211.7 lb.

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PROBLEM 2
An aluminum cylinder has a diameter of 0.5 m and a length of 1 m. Determine the weight of the
cylinder in lb., if the mass density of steel is 2710 kg/m³.

Given:
d = 0.5 m
L=1m
ρ = 2710 kg/m³
Required:
W
Solution:

𝑊 = 𝑚𝑔 m = ρV
= 𝜌𝑉𝑔 V = πr2h
= 𝜌𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ𝑔 g = 9.81 m/s2

0.5 2 r = d/2
= 2710 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 𝜋 ( 𝑚) (1 𝑚)(9.81 𝑚/𝑠 2 )
2
= 5219.97 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚/𝑠 2
= 5219.97 𝑁

1 𝑙𝑏
𝑊 = 5219.97 𝑁 ×
4.448 𝑁
𝑾 = 𝟏𝟏𝟕𝟑. 𝟓𝟓 𝒍𝒃 Ans.

Therefore, the weight of the cylinder is 1173.55 lb.

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PROBLEM 3
A soccer ball is kicked across a field. After being kicked, the ball travels in a straight line with a
constant velocity of 12 m/s for 6.5 seconds. Describe the motion of the soccer ball using
Newton's first law of motion, and verify it using the equation F = ma.

Given:
Initial Velocity (v0 ) = 12 m/s
Final Velocity (v) = 12 m/s (since the velocity remains constant)
Time (t) = 6.5 seconds
Required:
Motion of the soccer ball using Newton's first law of motion, and verify it using the
equation F = ma.
Solution:

Newton's first law states that an object in motion will remain in motion with constant
velocity unless acted upon by an external force. The soccer ball will remain in motion with
constant velocity (no acceleration) because there is no net external force acting on it.

From the equation, v = v0 + at

v − v0
a=
t
12 − 12
a=
6.5
𝐚 = 𝟎 m/s

Since the acceleration (a) is zero, according to Newton's first law, there is no net force
acting on the soccer ball. Therefore, the ball will continue to move with constant velocity in a
straight line unless acted upon by an external force.

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PROBLEM 4
An object weighing 49.05 N with an initial velocity of 25 m/s is subjected to a constant force of
50 N in the direction of its motion for 10 seconds, calculate the final velocity of the object.

Given:
Mass (m) = 5 kg
Initial Velocity (v0 ) = 25 m/s
Force (F) = 50 N
Time (t) = 10 seconds
Required:
Final velocity of the object
Solution:

Since weight 𝑊 = 𝑚𝑔 and 𝑔 = 9.81 𝑚/𝑠 2 ,

𝑊
𝑚=
𝑔
49.05
𝑚=
9.81
𝑚 = 5 𝑘𝑔
Calculate acceleration (𝑎) using the Newton’s second law,
𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎
𝐹
𝑎=
𝑚
50
𝑎=
5
𝑎 = 10 m/s2
Find the final velocity,
𝑣 − 𝑣𝑜
𝑎=
𝑡
𝑣 − 25
10 =
10
𝑣 = 25 + (10)(10)
𝒗 = 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝐦/𝐬 Ans.
Therefore, the final velocity of the object after
10 seconds of constant force application is 125 m/s.

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PROBLEM 5
Two carts full of groceries are connected by a cord and are pulled by a 90 N force. The carts are
placed in a frictionless surface. If cart M has an acceleration of 2 m/s2, determine the acceleration
of cart S.

Given:
Force (F) = 90 N
Mass of cart M (mm) = 10 kg
Mass of cart S (ms) = 20 kg
Acceleration of cart M (am) = 2 m/s2

Required:
acceleration of cart S

Solution:

We can solve for tension (T) using one of the principles of dynamics, Newton’s second law of
motion.
F =ma
F -T = ma
90 – T = 20(2)
T = 50 N
Calculate the acceleration (a),
T = ma
50 = 10(a)
a = 5m/s2 Ans.
Therefore, the acceleration of cart S is 5 m/s2.

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PROBLEM 6
A motorist in a highway drives 6 miles at 40 mph, after some time, he decided to speed up at 70
mph and covered a distance of 8 miles. Determine the average speed (𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑒 ) of the vehicle in feet
per second.

Given:
Initial speed (S1) = 40 mph
Final Speed (S2) = 70 mph
Distance (d1) = 6 miles
Distance (d2) = 8 miles
Required:
average speed
Solution:

Solve for the total time (𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 ),

𝑑
𝑆=
𝑡
6 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑡1 = 40 𝑚𝑝ℎ = 0.15 ℎ𝑟

8 𝑚𝑖
𝑡2 = = 0.11 ℎ𝑟
70 𝑚𝑝ℎ
𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 0.15ℎ + 0.11 ℎ𝑟
𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 0.26 ℎ𝑟
Compute for the average speed (save),
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑒 =
∆𝑡
6 𝑚𝑖 + 8 𝑚𝑖
=
0.26 ℎ𝑟
= 52.9729797 𝑚𝑝ℎ
5280 𝑓𝑡 1 ℎ𝑟
𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 52. 97 𝑚𝑝ℎ × ×
1 𝑚𝑖 3600 𝑠
= 77.69369369 𝑓𝑡/𝑠
𝒔𝒂𝒗𝒆 = 𝟕𝟕. 𝟔𝟗 𝒇𝒕/𝒔 Ans.
Therefore, the average speed of the vehicle in feet per second is 77.69.

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PROBLEM 7
An alien weighs 53 N on his home planet, Wenxia, where g = 7.82 m/s2. Find the mass of the
alien; and if he visits Earth, what would his weight be?

Given:
Weight = 53 N
g Wenxia = 7.82 m/s2
g Earth = 9.81 m/s2
Required:
The mass of the alien and his weight when he visits Earth.
Solution:
Solving for the mass of the alien on planet Wenxia

𝑊 = 𝑚𝑔
53 = 𝑚 ∙ 7.82
53
𝑚 =
7.82
𝒎 = 𝟔. 𝟕𝟖 𝒌𝒈 Ans.

Solving for the weight of the alien on Earth

𝑊 = 𝑚𝑔
= 6.78 ∙ 9.81
𝑾 = 𝟔𝟔. 𝟓𝟏 𝑵 Ans.

Therefore, the mass of the alien is 6.78 kg and his weight when he visits Earth is 66.51 N.

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PROBLEM 8
Planet Wenxia and Planet Xian have masses of 4 × 1026 kg and 2 × 1025 kg, respectively. If the
gravitational force between the two planets is 3.3 × 1021 N, how far apart is Planet Wenxia from
m2
Planet Xian, considering that the universal gravitation constant is 6.67 × 10−11 N ∙ kg2 .

Given:
MWenxia = 4 × 1026 kg
MXian = 2 × 1025 kg
F = 3.3 × 1021 N
m2
G = 6.67 × 10−11 N ∙ kg2

Required:
The distance of Planet Wenxia from Planet Xian.
Solution:

M1 M2
F=G∙ R2
M1 M2
(F = G ∙ ) R2
R2

R2 F = G ∙ M1 M2
R2 F G ∙ M1 M2
=
F F
G ∙ M1 M2
R2 = F

G ∙ M1 M2
R= √ F

6.67×10−11 (4×1026 )(2×1025 )

R= √ 3.3×1021

R = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟕 × 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟎 𝐦 Ans.

Therefore, the distance of Planet Wenxia from Planet Xian 1.27 × 1010 m.

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PROBLEM 9
Two blocks weighing 180 kg and 90 kg and respectively are connected by a massless spring. On
the 180 kg block, a force of 220 N acts. At a given instance, the acceleration of 90 kg block is 2
m/s². Find the acceleration of the 180 kg at the same given instance.

Given:
Block 1 = 90 kg
Block 2 = 180 kg
𝑎 = 2 𝑚/𝑠 2
P = 220 N (Force Applied)
Required:
Acceleration of 180 kg block at the same given instance
Solution:
FBD

𝐹 = 𝑇 = 𝑚𝑎
𝑇 = 90 𝑘𝑔 (𝑎)
𝑇 = 90 𝑘𝑔 (2 𝑚/𝑠 2 )
𝑇 = 180 𝑁

𝑃 − 𝑇 = 𝑚(𝑎′ )
220 𝑁 − 180 𝑁 = 180 𝑘𝑔 (𝑎′ )
40 𝑁 = 180 𝑘𝑔 (𝑎′ )
𝒂′ = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟐 𝒎/𝒔𝟐
Ans.

Therefore, the acceleration of 180 kg block at the same given instance 0.22 m/s2.

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PROBLEM 10
Rocks are connected in a frictionless pulley. Rock A and B have masses of 4 kg and 30 lb are at
rest on the ground. Determine the acceleration of the two rocks.

Given:
Rock A = 4 kg
Rock B = 30 lb
G = 9.81 meters per square seconds
Rest on the ground
Required:
Acceleration of the two rocks
Solution:
Rock A
90 𝑁 = 2𝑇
𝑇 = 45 𝑁
𝐹4𝑘𝑔 = 𝑚𝑔
𝐹4𝑘𝑔 = 4 𝑘𝑔(9.81 𝑚/𝑠^2 )
𝐹4𝑘𝑔 = 39.24 𝑁
(45 − 39.24)𝑁
𝑎4𝑘𝑔 =
4 𝑘𝑔
𝒂𝟒𝒌𝒈 = 𝟏. 𝟒𝟒 𝒎/𝒔𝟐 Ans.

ROCK B
𝐹30𝑙𝑏 = 𝑚𝑔
1 𝑘𝑔
𝐹30𝑙𝑏 = 30 𝑙𝑏 ( ) (9.81𝑚/𝑠 2 )
2.20 𝑙𝑏
𝐹30𝑙𝑏 = 13.64 𝑘𝑔 (9.81𝑚/𝑠 2 )
𝐹30𝑙𝑏 = 133.49 𝑁
There is no acceleration
Ans.
in rock B, cannot lift.

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 GROUP MEMBERS RATING

The table shows the group member evaluations on a scale of 1

(lowest) to 5 (highest), along with their contributions.

MEMBERS RATING CONTRIBUTION

Created, answered, and

encoded problems 1 and 2.
Datur, Charlyn B. LEADER Editor
Compiled all of the
problems.
Created, answered, and
Doctor, Trisha Eunice D. 5
encoded problems 5 and 6.
Created, answered, and
Escobedo, Ma. Keziah A. 5
encoded problems 9 and 10.
Created, answered, and
Gayta, Christian F. 5
encoded problems 7 and 10.
Created, answered, and
Metran. Nikki Isabelle D. 5
encoded problems 3 and 4.

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