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Digestive System

The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients the body can use. It includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, large intestine, and rectum. Food moves through peristalsis and is broken down mechanically and chemically at each step before nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream.

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cherrilynordinario2001
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12 views

Digestive System

The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients the body can use. It includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, large intestine, and rectum. Food moves through peristalsis and is broken down mechanically and chemically at each step before nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream.

Uploaded by

cherrilynordinario2001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

The organs that take in food and liquids and break


them down into substances that the body can use
for energy, growth, and tissue repair.

During digestion the food we eat will break into


Without peristalsis, we could neither eat nor poop.
pieces or into smaller part. This fraction of foods
have nutrients that will circulate to our body
The large, hollow organs of your GI tract contain a
through our blood streams.
layer of muscle that enables their walls to move.
Digestion is important because your body needs
The movement pushes food and liquid through
nutrients from food and drink to work properly and
your GI tract and mixes the contents within each
stay healthy
organ. The muscle behind the food contracts and
squeezes the food forward, while the muscle in
Chemical and mechanical digestion are the two
front of the food relaxes to allow the food to move.
methods your body uses to break down foods.
So the first organ of the digestive system is our
Mechanical digestion involves physical movement
mouth.
to make foods smaller. Chemical digestion uses
enzymes to break down food.
This is where the first process starts. It is called
ingestion.
Enzyme
a substance produced by a living organism which
Ingestion is the act of taking food into the mouth.
acts as a catalyst to bring about a
It is also called ‘swallowing’.
specific biochemical reaction.
While we swallow the food, it will pass through the
(Motivation) Parts of the digestive system
epiglottis.
So now let’s talk what are the function of these
The flap that covers the trachea during swallowing
parts, but before that let’s enumerate first the
so that food does not enter the lungs.
different processes of mechanical digestion.
It blocks the airway to the lungs while swallowing
to prevent food or liquids from entering the lungs.
1. Ingestion
2. Digestion
The second part of our digestive system is our
3. Absorption
esophagus
4. Elimination
Lower Esophageal sphincter
While we discuss about this processes of
mechanical digestion at the same time we can talk
When our swallowed food reach the end part of
about the organs that compromise the digestive
our esophagus, there is ring like muscle that we
system.
call the lower esophageal sphincter.
Along the process we can learn how the digestive
It will relax and let our food enter our stomach
system works and how does the food move
prevents the reflux of gastric contents back into
trhough our gastro intestinal tract
the esophagus. Prevent to bring (swallowed food)
up again to the mouth.
Food moves through your GI tract by a process
called peristalsis.
What will happen id LES malfunction?

If the sphincter does not close properly, food and


Peristalsis is a series of wave-like muscle
liquid can move backward into the esophagus and
contractions that move food through the digestive
cause heartburn and other symptoms known as
tract
gastroesophageal disease (GERD).
And the next organ that makes up the digestive -It delivers the digestive juices to the small
system is what we call the stomach. intestine through small tubes DUCTS.

So, after we swallow our food through our mouth it Bile ducts are tiny canals that connect some of the
will travel to our esophagus down to our stomach organs in your digestive system. Their purpose is
where the food we eat will be mixed with what we to carry bile between these organs.
called Gastric juices and acids.
Next is we have the liver, It is the large organ that
This is where the second mechanical process of is located on our right belly. It makes a digestive
digestive system happens which is the digestion. juice that is called BILE, that help digest fats and
some vitamins.
Aside from the enzyme we have on our mouth, the
stomach also have the enzyme to further break Bile is a fluid that is made and released by the liver
down the food we swallow. and stored in the gallbladder. Bile helps with
digestion. It breaks down fats into fatty acids,
And it is called Protease and lipase. This which can be taken into the body by the digestive
enzymes help to breakdown protein into the tract.
stomach and fats in the small intestine.
Next is we have the gal bladder, It is a small
pouch that sits below our liver, the purpose of this
Also remember that the digestive glands in the as the storage of the bile that was produces by the
stomach lining produces enzymes and acids that liver.
digest protein.
So, before we eat our meal the gal bladder
Next is we have the Small intestine. contains bile and after our meal it will soon be
A long tube-like organ that connects the stomach deflated as it releases the bile for the food to be
and the large intestine. digest and turns the food into nutrients.

Most of the mineral and water are absorb by the And the last part of mechanical digestion is we call
small intestine. the elimination.

This is where the third process of mechanical The undigested part of our food or those that are
process starts which is the absorption. not absorbed in our body are eliminated as feces in
the process of ELEMINATION.
During absorption this nutrients pass through the
linings and walls of the small intestine and into the The next organ that we will talk about is the large
blood stream where they get transported to intestine,
different parts of our body.
This is where the waste products are stored
Additional information, the muscle of the small released such as the undigested food, water or
intestine mix the food with digestive juices from fluid.
the pancreas, liver and intestine and push the
mixture forward for further digestion. The main function of the large intestine
is propulsion and stool elimination.
Question:
And lastly, we have the rectum.
Why do food needs to be well digest before it
transport to our blood stream? This is the part of the digestive system where our
stool are stored until it is the time for us to
So awhile ago, I mentioned the liver, pancreas and released them into the ANUS.
gal bladder.
Anus is the end part of gastro intestinal tract.
Let’s start to the pancreas, It makes digestive
juices that has enzymes that break down The last part of the digestive tract, the anus,
breakdown fat, carbohydrates and proteins. consists of pelvic floor muscles and two anal
sphincters (internal and external).
When this sphincters specifically the internal anal
sphincter relaxes it is the time where we will
eliminate the waste of our body.

Almost all of the animal has a tube-like digestive


system which in one end is their mouth and the
other end is their anus.

DIFFERENT IMAGAE OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM


OF OTHER ANIMAL

Cylostome
Guard
Shark
Necturus
Turtle
Chicken
Pig
Human

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