Name:___________ Date: ________

Unit 3 Revision Sheet

Topics:
Unit 3: Fluids

LESSON 1: PARTICLE THEORY OF MATTER

LESSON 2: STATES OF MATTER

LESSON 3: PROPERTIES OF LIQUID (MASS, VOLUME, DENSITY)

LESSON 4: PROPERTIES OF LIQUID (VISCOSITY AND FLOW

RATE)

LESSON 5: PASCAL’S LAW

 I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
1. A fluid with a high viscosity will flow:

A) Rapidly
B) Slowly
C) At constant speed
D) Without friction
2. In which state of matter do particles have the least amount of energy and are
closely packed together?
A) Solid
B) Liquid
C) Gas
D) Plasma
3. Which property of matter allows it to flow and take the shape of its container?
A) Density
B) Volume
C) Mass
D) Fluidity
4. What happens to the particles of a substance as it changes from a liquid to a
gas?
A) They slow down
B) They vibrate in fixed positions
C) They become more tightly packed
D) They gain energy and move more freely
5. Which state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?
A) Solid
B) Liquid
C) Gas
D) Plasma
6. Which of the following is an example of a gas?
A) Ice
B) Steam
C) Water
D) Wood
7. On which fundamental hydraulic principle does a bulldozer operate for
efficiently lifting and moving heavy loads in construction activities?
A) Archimedes' principle
B) Pascal's law
C) Boyle's law
D) Bernoulli's principle
8. In which state of matter do particles have the most energy and are farthest
apart?
A) Solid
B) Liquid
C) Gas
D) Plasma
9. Which property represents the amount of matter in a unit volume of a fluid?
A) Mass
B) Density
C) Volume
D) Flow rate
D) kg/s
10. What does the term "viscosity" of a fluid refer to?
A) Flow rate
B) Resistance to flow
C) Density
D) Volume
11. Which property is measured in units of cubic meters (m³)?
A) Mass
B) Density
C) Volume
D) Flow rate
12. What is the formula for calculating density?
A) Density = Mass × Volume
B) Density = Volume / Mass
C) Density = Mass / Volume
D) Density = Flow rate × Viscosity
13. Which property represents the amount of space occupied by a fluid?
A) Mass
B) Density
C) Volume
D) Viscosity
14. What does the term "flow rate" of a fluid indicate?
A) Resistance to flow
B) Speed of flow
C) Amount of matter in a fluid
D) Change in shape
15. If the viscosity of a fluid is high, how does it affect its flow rate?
A) Increases
B) Decreases
C) No effect
D) Depends on the temperature
16. Who is credited with the discovery of Pascal's Law?
A) Blaise Pascal
B) Isaac Newton
C) Archimedes
D) Galileo Galilei
17. What does Pascal's Law state?
A) Fluid pressure increases with depth.
B) Fluid pressure is constant in all directions.
C) Fluid pressure is inversely proportional to its velocity.
D) Fluid pressure depends on the density of the fluid.
18. In which type of fluid does Pascal's Law hold true?
A) Gases only
B) Liquids only
C) Both gases and liquids
D) Neither gases nor liquids
19. According to Pascal's Law, what happens to the pressure applied to a confined
fluid?
A) It decreases
B) It remains constant
C) It increases equally in all directions
D) It increases only in one direction
20. What device utilizes Pascal's Law to lift heavy objects?
A) Screw
B) Lever
C) Hydraulic press
D) Pulley
21. What is the unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI)?
A) Newton
B) Pascal
C) Joule
D) Watt
22. In a hydraulic lift, why is a small force applied to the smaller piston able to lift
a heavier load on the larger piston?
A) Due to gravitational force
B) Due to Pascal's Law
C) Due to friction
D) Due to fluid viscosity
23. Why does oil float on water?
A) Because oil is denser than water.
B) Because oil and water have similar densities.
C) Because oil is less dense than water.
D) Because of the magnetic properties of oil
24. The volume of a gas will increase if the:
a. Pressure decreases
b. Temperature decreases
c. Number of particles increases
d. None of the above
25. Pascal's law is related to the behavior of fluids under:
a. High pressure
b. Low temperature
c. High viscosity
d. Low density

II. Match the following

Column A Column B
___D___ Gas a) The resistance of a fluid to deformation or flow
___B___ Solid b) A state of matter with a definite shape and volume
c) The force applied perpendicular to the surface of an
___E__ Pascal’s Law object per unit area
d) A state of matter with neither definite shape nor
___A___ Viscosity volume
e) A law stating that a change in pressure applied to
an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to all
___C___ Pressure portions of the fluid and to the walls of its container
f) A state of matter with a definite volume but no
___F___ Liquid definite shape
III. WRITE TRUE OR FALSE AND CORRECT THE
SENTENCE IF IT IS FALSE.

1. In solids, particles have a fixed position and vibrate around their

equilibrium points. (True/False)
____True______________________________________________________
2. Gases have a fixed volume and shape. (True/False)
False, Solids have a fixed volume and shape.

3. Plasma is the most common state of matter in the observable universe.

(True/False)
____True______________________________________________________
4. Pascal's law is only applicable to gases. (True/False)
False, Pascal’s law applies to gases and fluids.

5. In a gas, particles move randomly and don’t have fixed shapes. (True/False)
___True_______________________________________________________

6. When we add heat the particles start to move slower. (True/False)

False, when we add heat the particles start to move faster.

IV. COMPLETE THE TABLE:

V. CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS :
Part A: SOLVE THE WORD PROBLEMS USING FORMULAS:

1. A container has 500 grams of cooking oil, and its volume is 250
cubic centimeters. Determine the density of the cooking oil.

Given: Mass=500 g
Volume= 250 cm3
 Density= mass/ Volume
Density= 500g/ 250 cm3
Density= 2 g/cm3
2. A water bottle has a mass of 300 grams and a volume of 100
milliliters. Calculate the density of the water in the bottle.
Given:
Mass= 300 g
Volume=100 ml

Density= mass/ Volume

Density= 300g/ 100ml
Density= 3 g/ml

3. A pump is transferring water from one reservoir to another. If

the pump can move 1.5 cubic meters of water in 30 seconds,
what is the flow rate?
Given:
Volume = 1.5 cubic meters
Time= 30 seconds

FLOW RATE = VOLUME/ TIME

Q= v/t
Q= 1.5 m3/30 sec
Q= 0.05 m3/sec
Part B: ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
1. Explain Pascal's law and how it applies to the behavior of fluids in a
confined space.
Pascal's law states that pressure applied to a fluid in a confined space is
transmitted undiminished in all directions within the fluid. This principle is
fundamental in hydraulic systems, where small forces applied to a small area
can generate larger forces on larger areas, enabling the amplification of force.
2. Discuss the significance of viscosity in fluid dynamics and provide
examples of fluids with different viscosities.

Viscosity is crucial in fluid dynamics as it determines a fluid's resistance to

flow and deformation. High viscosity results in slow flow and strong
resistance, while low viscosity allows for easy flow. Examples of fluids with
different viscosities include water (low viscosity), motor oil (medium
viscosity), and honey (high viscosity).
3. Describe the characteristics of each state of matter (solid, liquid, gas, and
plasma) and provide an example of a substance in each state.
Solid:
Definite shape and volume.
Particles are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions.
Examples: Ice (solid water), iron, wood.
Liquid:
Definite volume but takes the shape of its container.
Particles are close together but can move past each other.
Examples: Water, milk, oil.
Gas:
 No definite shape or volume.
Particles are far apart and move freely.
Examples: Oxygen, nitrogen, helium.
Plasma:
No definite shape or volume.
Consists of ionized gas with free-moving charged particles.
Examples: Lightning, the sun, fluorescent lights.

4. Write two real-world applications of Pascal’s law.

Car Brakes
Hydraulic Lift