ALFORQUE, Manfred Von Richtoffen N.

Activity 4: Structures of Globalization - Global Interstate System

For this week's activity, provide answers to the following questions:

1. What are the effects of Globalization on Governments? Explain.

Globalization affects governments in different manners, resulting in a complicated
interaction of economic, political, and cultural aspects. It helps enhance trade,
investment, and technology sharing, stimulating economic expansion and progress.
Governments are motivated to implement strategies that promote global competitiveness,
attract foreign direct investment, and increase export activity.
Nevertheless, globalization comes with its own set of difficulties. International
agreements and global markets have the power to weaken national sovereignty by
influencing policies and practices. Governments are under pressure to align regulations,
which limits their independence in trade tariffs, labor standards, and environmental
regulations. On a societal level, globalization may trigger cultural homogenization,
resulting in the disappearance of distinct national identities. It may also lead to disparity
in wealth distribution, as riches accumulate in key worldwide locations, affecting societal
equilibrium and sparking political turmoil.
As global connections through politics, trade, and communication increase, the
responsibilities of nation-states and governments are evolving. Therefore, national and
local policies are not solely influenced by domestic circumstances but also by
international and global factors. One example is due to financial problems, the company
chose to terminate many workers, or when farmers are facing off against international
investors. Specifically, here are the positive and negative effects of Globalization on
governments:
Beneficial Outcome- Globalization unites governments in order to work
collaboratively towards shared objectives. For instance, as a result of globalization, world
leaders have witnessed the consequences of pollution and have made a commitment to
address climate change collectively.
 Adverse Impact- Certain outcomes of globalization are terrorism, employment
uncertainty, currency fluctuations, and price instability.
2. What the institutions that govern international relations? Describe their role.
According to Crystal (2021), here are the international organizations:
 International Monetary Fund (IMF)- Looks ate the stability of the
international monetary system by monitoring global economy, tends to
countries, and provides policy and technical advisory functions to
members (Maverick 2019). The IMF ensures global financial stability
through economic monitoring, financial aid, and policy recommendations
for countries facing challenges. It aids countries in handling economic
crises and encourages fiscal and monetary policies that guarantee stability.
 World Trade Organization (WTO)- Regulates international trades, and
ensures smooth flow of trade, and provides a forum for negotiations for
trade agreements among countries and other regions of the world. The
World Trade Organization (WTO) supervises global trade regulations and
assists in trade deal discussions. It has a significant impact on solving
trade disagreements and encouraging a clear and consistent trading
atmosphere.
 World Health Organization (WHO)- Responsible for global research on
medicines and vaccines. Including the World Health Report and Survey
 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)- 35
member countries aim to stimulate economic progress and world trade b
providing a platform to compare policy experiences and identify good
practices in domestic and international economic policies and programs of
its members.
 United Nations – an organization that maintains international peace and
security, develop friendly relations among nations, and be a center for
harmonizing the actions of nations.
 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)- an intergovernmental
military alliance between 29 North American and European countries.
3. Differentiate Internationalism from Globalism.
According to an article of Sharma (n.d.), Internationalism and globalism are two
distinct methodologies for handling relationships, collaboration, and the interdependence
among countries on a global scale. Though they have similarities, there are fundamental
differences in what they emphasize and their consequences.
Internationalism is a political belief that focuses on fostering teamwork and unity
among countries. It promotes the concept of multilateralism and backs the notion that
countries should collaborate in tackling worldwide issues such as climate change, human
rights, and peacekeeping. Internationalism is based on the idea of honoring a country's
independence while promoting alliances in diplomacy and trade to reach shared
objectives. It commonly emphasizes the growth and backing of global entities like the
United Nations (UN), the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the International
Monetary Fund (IMF). These organizations encourage discussions and teamwork
between nations, tackling global issues together through joint effort and agreement-
making.
On the other side, globalism encompasses the wider phenomenon of unifying
economies, cultures, and societies worldwide. It proposes a global community where
boundaries do not exist, thanks to technological, communicative, and transportation
progress, promoting close connections and mutual reliance between countries. Globalism
is frequently linked with the expansion of globalization and the quick movement of
products, services, money, data, and individuals between countries. It highlights the
eroding of borders between nations and advocates for a worldwide outlook, diminishing
the importance of local differences.
While internationalism encourages collaboration between independent nations,
globalism advocates for a more interconnected world where national borders are less
significant. Internationalism emphasizes working together as a group while respecting
national sovereignty, while globalism focuses on integrating global systems and creating
a more interconnected world. Both methods come with advantages and difficulties,
affecting governance, culture, and economic dynamics worldwide.
References:

Crystal, K. (2021). Institutions That Govern International Relation.

https://www.scribd.com/document/535238812/INSTITUTIONS-THAT-GOVERN-
INTERNATIONAL-RELATION#:~:text=In%20brief%2C%20the%20UN%20aims,EU
%20promotes%20integration%20in%20Europe.

Effects of Globalization on Governments. (n.d.). Studocu PH.

https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/san-beda-university/bs-accountancy/effects-of-
globalization-on-governments/20165488

Sharma, C. (n.d.). Differentiating Globalism and Internationalism.

https://abhipedia.abhimanu.com/Article/IAS/MzczOQEEQQVVEEQQVV/Differentiatin
g-Globalism-and-Internationalism-India-and-the-world-IAS