PRACTICE PROBLEMS

1. Calculate the degree of ionisation of 0.1 M acetic acid. The 14. pH ofa 0.1MHCN solution is 5.2. What is the valuc of K, for
dissociation constant of acetic acid is 1.8× 10 the acid?
[Ans. a.= 1.34 x10 [Ans. 3.97 x 100]
2. Calculate the concentration of OH íons of 0.01 MNH,OH 15. The pH of a solution of B(OH), is 10.6. Calculate the
solution. The equilibríium constant of NH,OH is L.8x 10. solubility and solubility product of hydroxide.
(Ans. 4.24 x 10 mol L-'] [Ans. Solubility =1,99 x 10 mol L-!
3. At 15° C, 0.05 N solution of a weak monobasic acid is 3.5% Solubility product, Ky =3.15x 10]
ionised. Calculate the ionisation constant of acid. pOH =3.4, [OH ]=3.98 x 10 mol L
[Hint:
[Ans. 6.125 x 10]
4. 0.02 M solution of NH,OH is 3% dissociated. Calculate the Solubility = %[OH]=1.99 x 10 molL!
dissociation constant of NH,OH. K [B* I[OH J² = 3.15 x 1011
[Ans. 1.8 × 10]
5. Asolution contains 0,4 MCH,COOH and 0.2 MCH,COONa. 16. What happens to the pH of 500 mL of a solution that is 0.1
molar in sodium acetate and 0.1 molar in acetic acid when 10
Calculate the concentration of H ions. The ionisation constant mL of 0.1 Msodium hydroxide is added?
of acetic acid is 1.8x 105,
[Ans. pH = 4.7447 and pH will increase]
[Ans. 3.6x 10 mol L] 17. What ratio of acetic acid to sodium acetate concentration is
6. The dissociation constant of hydrocyanic acid (HCN) is
4 x 10, Calculate the Ht ion concentration of 0.01 M HCN needed to achieve a buffer whose pH is 5.70? The dissociation
constant of acetic acid is 1.8 × 10.
solution.
[Ans. 2x 10 mol L'] [Ans. 1:9)
7. The degree of dissociation ofa weak electrolyte in 0.1 Maqueous 18. Find the concentrations of H",HCO, and Co in a 0.01 M
solution is 0.0114 at 298 K. Calculate the degree of dissociation solution of carbonic acid if the pH of the solution is 4.18,
of the same electrolyte at 298 K in 0.001 M solution. K, =4.45 x 10,K, = 4.69x 10"
[Ans. 0.114]
8. Calculate K, for a dibasic acid if its concentration is 0.05 N [Ans. [H" ]= 6.61x 10 M, [HCO, ]= 6.73 x 105 M,
and hydrogen ion concentration is 1x 103 mol L-!, [COf ]= 4.78x 10 mol L-l1
[Ans. 2 x 10*]
[Hint: Conc.= 0.025 M,[H" ]= 2C xa =1x 10,
[Hint: K, =H JHCO; 445 x 10-7
[H,C0,]
i.e,a = 0.02, K, =4 x C²x o]
9. Calculate the degree of ionisation and hydroxyl ion =4.69 x 10-1
[HCO,]
concentration in 0.2 M NH, solution. (K, = 1.85x 10
at 298 K)
[H]= 6.61x 10 M,[H,CO,]= 0.01 M
[Ans. = 0.962 x 10,[OH ]=1.924 x 10 M] (HCO,]= 6.73 x 10 M,[CO ]=4.78 x 10-!! mol L-']
10. Calculate the approximate pH of 0.1M aqueous H,S solution. 19. What will be the pH value of a solution of 500 mL containing
K, and K, for H,S are 1.0 x 10 and 1.3 x 10 respectively 5g acetic acid and 7.2 g of sodium acetate? K, =1.8× 10 at
at 25° C. 25°C.
[Ans. pH = 4] [Ans. 4.82]
[Hint: Second dissociation constant is very small. H" ion 20. The concentrations of HCN and NaCN in a solution is 0.01 M
concentration mainly depends onthe first dissociation constant. each. Calculate the concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxyl
K ions if the dissociation constant of HCN is 7.2 x 10-10
H,SH* + HS]
11. 9.8g of H,SO, is present in 500 mL of the solution. Calculate [Ans. (H ]=7.2 x 10" M; [OH ]= 1.4 x 10 M]
the pH of the solution. [Hint: pH = log [Salt) - log K, =-log[H]]
[Ans. 0.3979] [Acid]
12. The pH of a 0.1M solution of an organic acid is 4.0. Calculate 21. Calculate K for a base whose 0.1 M solution has pH of 10.5.
the dissociation constant of the acid.
[Ans. 101
[Ans. 1x 10] 22. What is the maximum pH of asolution 0.10 M in Mg from
13. Calculate [H,0'1,[OH ] and pH of 0.2 Msolution of HCN. which Mg(OH), will not precipitate? Given, K, [Mg(OH), |
(K, = 7.2x 10") =1.2x 10-1
[Ans. [H,0* ]= 1.2 x 10 mol L', [OH ]= 8.33 x 1010 mol [Ans. pH =9.4]
L', pH = 4.92]
23. A solution of HCI has a pH = 5. If 1mL of it is dilutcd to 1 0.5 × 50
Molarity of NH, 0.25:
litre, what will be the pH of the resulting solution? 100
[Ans. pH =6.9586] 0.4 x 40
=0.16]
Molarity of NH,CI= 100
[Hint:pH= 5, [H* ]= 10 M. After dilution 10M 30. pk, value of acetic acid is 4.76 at room temperature. How wil
1000
[H]=10+ 10-7 youobtain buffers of 4.40 and 5.40 pH values from acetic acid
and sodium acetate?
=1.lx10-7 Acetate Acetate
[Ans. = 0,4365 and = 4.364]
pH =-log [H ]=-log 1.lx 10 -6.9586] Acid Acid
24. Calculate the pH of the solution obtained by mixing 10mL of 31. Calculate the ratio of pH of a solution containing I mole of
0.1M HCl and 40 mL of 0.2 MH,SO4. CH,COONa + Imole of HCl per litre and of the other solution
[Ans. pH = 0.4685] containing 1 mole of CH,COONa + Imole of CH,COOH per
litre.
10 x 0.1+ 40 x 0.4
(Hint: [H]= =0.34] [Ans. 1:2]
25. The degree of dissociation of a weak electrolyte in 0.1 M [Hint: 1st case: CH,COONa + HCI CH,COOH + NaCl
Imole
aqueous solution is 0.0114 at 298 K. Calculate the degree of
dissociation of the same electrolyte at 298 K in 0.001 M
solution. pH, =-log
2 K,
[Ans. 0.114]
2nd case: pl, =- log K, + log Salt =- log Ka
[Hint: a is proportional to [Acid]
VC
0.001
=0.1 pH, 2
0.1 32. Calculate the composition of an acidic buffer solution
0.0114
=0.114] (HA+ Na A) of total molarity 0.29 having pH= 44 and
0.1 0.1 K, =1.8x 105
26. The degree of dissociation of water is 1.8x 10 at 298 K.
Calculate the ionisation constant and ionic product of water at [Ans. [Salt]= 0.09 M; [Acid]=0.20 M]
298 K.
[Hint: pH =-log K, + log [Salt]
[Hint: H,0H + OH,[H,0]= 1000 [Acid]
= 55.56 mol L1,
18
=- log K, + log
[H ]=[OH ]=Cxa = 55.56 x 1.8 × 10 (0.29 a)
33. Calculate the pH of a solution obtained by
r_H J[OH ]_ 55.56x 1.8x 10 x 55.56x 1.8× 109 mixing l100 mL of
an acid of pH= 3 and 400 mL solution of pH = 1.
[H,0] 55.56
[Ans. 1.096]
=1.8 ×10-16 34. The solubility product of AgCl in water is 1.5 x
100.
K =[H J[OH ]=(55.56 x 1.8 x 10 ) =1x 1014] Calculate its solubility in 0.01 M NaCl aqueous solution.
27. One litre of a buffer solution is prepared by JAns. 1.5x 10* mol L]
mole of NH, and 04 mole of NH,C1. What is dissolving 0.6
the pH of the
35. Calculate the pH of a 0.02 M
aqueous solution of NH,CI?
solution? For NH,, K, = 1.8x 10, Given, pK NH.OH = 4.73.
(i) What is the pH of the buffer after addition of 0.1 [Ans. 3.78]
36. Determine the pH value of 0.1 M aqueous
mole ofHCI? solution of
(ii) What is the pH of the buffer after addition of 0.1 ammonium cyanide (pK, =9.04, pK = 4.73).
[Ans. 9.15]
mole of NaOH? 37. Calculate the pH of a 0,2 M
[Áns. 9.43 14 (i) 9.2553 (ü) 9.6233] solution of strychnine
28. One litre of a buffer contains 40 g of NH,Cland 20 g of NH,.
hydrochloride. (K =lx 10)
[Ans. 3.,8494]
Calculate the pH of the solution. K,(NH, ) = 1.8× 10 at 38. The dissociation constants of acetic acid and aniline are
1.8x 10 and 4.2 x 10"
298 K. respectively. What is the degree of
hydrolysis of aqueous aniline
[Ans. 9.452 ] solution?
acetate? What is the pH of the
29. A buffer solution is prepared by mixing 50 mL of 0.5 molar
[Ans. 0.5348, pH =4.684]
ammonia solution, 40 mL of 0.4 molar NH,Cl solution and 10 39. A weak acid HA after
treatment with 12
mL of distilled water. Calculate the pH of the buffer. base has a pH of5. At the end point, the mL of 0.1 M strong
K, (NH)= 1.8x 10 at 298 K. base required is 26.6 mL. Calculate the K,volume of the same
of the acid.
[Ans. 9.45] [Ans. 8219 x 10]
[Hint: Total volume = 50 + 40 + 10 = 100 mL
 [Hint: Applying MV = MV, 49. Th
Acid Base
aci
= 26.6x0.1
= 2.66 meq. rela
HA + BOH BA + H,0
[Ar
50. Cal
2.66 .2 Dis
After thc reaction 1.46 0 1.2 1.2
Applying Henderson's equation, Kw
[An
pH =log (Salt) pk, ] 51. An
[Acid) pre
40. K, for HCN is l.4 x 10°.Calculate for 0.01 NKCN solution: in t
(a) degreeof hydrolysis
(b) [OH ]and [CN ] (K,
(c) pH [An
[Ans. (a) 2.67 x 10 (b)2.67 x 1o,9.73 x 1o (c) 10.4265] 52. Wh
41. What is the H ion concentration in ammonium acetate
CN
solution?
K, =1.8x 10,K, = l.8x 10 and K. = 1.0x 10-14 W
[An
53. Cal
[Ans. I.0x 10 )
42. A40 mL sample of 0. IM solution of nitric acid is added to 20 forr
mL of0.3Maqueous ammonia. What is the pH of the resulting (pk
solution? Given, K, for ammonia = 1.8x 10. [An
[Ans. 8.95]
[Hi
43. Calculate the pH of 0.1 Msolution of NH,0CN. K,for NH, is
1.75 x 10 and K. for HOCN is 32 04. 54. Ani