Seperation, Segregation and Securing of Cargoes
Seperation, Segregation and Securing of Cargoes
Segregation, Separation
and Securing of Cargoes
Capt. S. Viswanathan
Segregation, separation
• Segregation – separate and treat them separately
• Separation – separate and treat them same.
• To avoid chemical reaction
• To avoid tainting of cargoes
• To avoid tainting of cargoes by foul smells.
• To avoid wrong discharge of cargoes
• Dry – tea bags with rice bags, wet – oil in cans with grains, delicate –
electronic goods, dirty – grease cargoes, valuable – silver, cars
• Separation by separation cloth, tarpaulin or marking
Segregation, separation
• IMDG has 9 classes and to be segregated based on the nature by
• 1. Away from – horizontally 3m
• 2. Separated from – separated by a bulkhead, on deck 6m horizontal
separation
• 3. separated by a complete compartment from – one bulkhead
separation and on deck 12m horizontal separation
• 4. separated longitudinally by a compartment – two bulkhead
separation and on deck 24m and intervening compartment
Separation of cargoes for different ports
• By separation cloths either horizontal or vertical.
• By marking of the cargoes.
• By natural bulkhead
• Artificial division by wood partitions
Dunnages
• These are wooded pieces, flat type
or square types used with cargo
loading.
• To avoid cargo contact with steel
plate
• To allow proper ventilation
• To allow spread of weight evenly
• To allow air circulation and avoid
sweat
• To allow water drainage
• To allow easy loading and unloading
• To increase friction with the bottom
• To separate the cargoes
• To avoid cargo shift transversely.
Cargo shift
Cargo shifting causes
stability loss- loss of vessel
Damages to cargoes –
toppling
Can be avoided through
proper securing
Happening to containers,
break bulk cargoes and
bulk cargoes
Cargo securing manual can
be considered for
securing arrangements
Securing of cargoes
• Blocking – use dunnage to
avoid shifting of cargoes
• Shoring – use of dunnages
between cargoes to avoid
shifting side wise
• Chocking – to fill the gap to
avoid shifting
• Trimming of cargoes – even
distribution of cargoes in bulk
carriers for avoiding
distribution of cargoes
Chocking and shoring of cargoes
Securing of cargoes
• Heavy load securing –
wooded dunnages in the
bottom, securing of
bottom to the strong
points.
• Securing of top to avoid
toppling, the number of
lashings is depending on
the total weight of the
cargo
Heavy lift cargo securing