Q1.

A truck of mass 2.1 × 103 kg tows a car of mass 1.3 × 103 kg along a horizontal road.
The total resistive force on the car is 1100 N.
The acceleration of the car and truck is 2.3 m s−2.

What is the tension in the tow rope?

A 3000 N
B 4100 N
C 7800 N
D 8900 N
(Total 1 mark)

Q2.
Figure 1 shows a model of a system being designed to move concrete building blocks
from an upper to a lower level.

Figure 1

The model consists of two identical trolleys of mass M on a ramp which is at 35° to the
horizontal. The trolleys are connected by a wire that passes around a pulley of negligible
mass at the top of the ramp.

Two concrete blocks each of mass m are loaded onto trolley A at the top of the ramp. The
trolley is released and accelerates to the bottom of the ramp where it is stopped by a
flexible buffer. The blocks are unloaded from trolley A and two blocks are loaded onto
trolley B that is now at the top of the ramp. The trolleys are released and the process is
repeated.

Figure 2 shows the side view of trolley A when it is moving down the ramp.

Page 1 of 10
 Figure 2

(a) The tension in the wire when the trolleys are moving is T.

Draw and label arrows on Figure 2 to represent the magnitudes and directions of
any forces and components of forces that act on trolley A parallel to the ramp as it
travels down the ramp.
(1)

(b) Assume that no friction acts at the axle of the pulley or at the axles of the
trolleys and that air resistance is negligible.

Show that the acceleration a of trolley B along the ramp is given by

(2)

(c) Compare the momentum of loaded trolley A as it moves downwards with the
momentum of loaded trolley B.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(d) In practice, for safety reasons there is a friction brake in the pulley that provides a
resistive force to reduce the acceleration to 25% of the maximum possible
acceleration.

The distance travelled for each journey down the ramp is 9.0 m.

The following data apply to the arrangement.

Page 2 of 10
 Mass of a trolley M = 95 kg
Mass of a concrete block m = 30 kg

Calculate the time taken for a loaded trolley to travel down the ramp.

time = ____________________ s
(3)

(e) It takes 12 s to remove the blocks from the lower trolley and reload the upper trolley.

Calculate the number of blocks that can be transferred to the lower level in 30
minutes.

number = ____________________
(2)
(Total 10 marks)

Q3.
Gliders can be launched with a winch situated on the ground. The winch pulls a rope that
is attached to the glider. The diagram below shows the forces acting on the glider at one
instant during the launch.

Page 3 of 10
(a) The combined weight of the glider and pilot is 6500 N.

(i) Show that the magnitude of the resultant force acting on the glider is about
6100 N.

(2)

(ii) Calculate the angle between this resultant force and the horizontal.

angle ____________________ degrees

(2)

(iii) Calculate the resultant acceleration of the glider in the diagram above.

resultant acceleration ____________________ m s–2

(2)

(b) The glider climbs a vertical distance of 600 m in 55 s. The average power input to
the winch motor during the launch is 320 kW.

(i) Calculate the gain in gravitational potential energy (gpe) of the glider.

Page 4 of 10
 gain in gpe ____________________ J
(2)

(ii) Calculate the percentage efficiency of the winch system used to launch the
glider. Assume the kinetic energy of the glider after the launch is negligible.

efficiency ____________________ %
(3)
(Total 11 marks)

Q4.
A sprinter is shown before a race, stationary in the ‘set’ position, as shown in the figure
below. Force F is the resultant force on the sprinter’s finger tips. The reaction force, Y, on
her forward foot is 180 N and her weight, W, is 520 N. X is the vertical reaction force on
her back foot.

(a) (i) Calculate the moment of the sprinter’s weight, W, about her finger tips.
Give an appropriate unit.

answer = ____________________ unit __________

(2)

Page 5 of 10
 (ii) By taking moments about her finger tips, calculate the force on her back foot,
marked X.

answer = ____________________N
(3)

(iii) Calculate the force F.

answer = ____________________N
(1)

(b) The sprinter starts running and reaches a horizontal velocity of 9.3 ms–1 in a
distance
of 35 m.

(i) Calculate her average acceleration over this distance.

answer = ____________________m s–2

(2)

(ii) Calculate the resultant force necessary to produce this acceleration.

answer = ____________________N
(2)
(Total 10 marks)

Page 6 of 10
Mark schemes

Q1.
B
[1]

Q2.
(a) arrow parallel to slope labelled (M+2m)gsin35 and label
parallel to slope labelled tension OR T ✔

Ignore arrows not parallel to ground e.g. weight

Ignore friction
W not acceptable for (M +2m)g
1

(b) T – Mgsin35 = Ma
AND (M+2m)gsin35 – T = (M+2m)a ✔

add two equations

(M + 2m)gsin35 – Mg sin35 = Ma + (M +2m)a ✔

HENCE
(a= mgsin35 / (M+m))

OR
(M +2m)gsin35 – Mgsin35 ✔ (= (2M+2m)a)

a = 2mgsin35 /(2M +2m) ✔

HENCE
(a= mgsin35 / (M+m))
1
1

(c) SECOND MARK CONDITIONAL ON FIRST

mass / impulse / acceleration (of trollies) is the same ✔
momenta (trolley A and B) the same
SECOND MARK CONDITIONAL ON FIRST
both have same speed / magnitude of velocity but different
masses ✔
(hence) momentum of A is greater / momenta in opposite
directions ✔
1
1

Page 7 of 10
 (d) ✔

(use of v2 =2as)

v = √(2 × 0.338 × 9.0) = 2.47 ✔

OR
(use of s =1/2at2)
9 = ½ × 0.338 × t2 ✔
t = 7.3 s ✔
CE from acceleration calculation
If used g for acceleration then no marks awarded
1
1
1

(e) number of journeys = (1800/(12 + 7.3) = 93 or 94 ✔

number of blocks = 2 × 93 = 186 or 2 × 94 = 188 ✔

Allow CE from 06.4
Allow between 93 to 94
Allow CE from incorrect number of journeys
Allow 186 to 188
1
1
[10]

Q3.
(a) (i) 1000(N) AND 6000(N) seen
Independent marks

OR

allow incorrect values seen

= 6083 (N) ( = 6100) More than 2 sf seen
Allow full credit for appropriate scale drawing
Ignore rounding errors in 3rd sig fig.
2

(ii) tanӨ = 1000 / 6000 or correct use of sin or cos

Ө = 9.5 (9.46°)
Allow range 9.4 − 10.4
Use of cos yields 10.4
Allow use of 6100
Some working required for 2 marks.
Max 1 mark for correct calculation of vertical angle (range
79.6 − 80.6) some working must be seen
2

Page 8 of 10
 (iii) (m = W/g = ) 6500 / 9.81 ( = 662.6 kg)
(a = F / m = 6083 / 662.6)
= 9.2 (ms−2) (9.180)
Use of weight rather than mass gets zero
Correct answer on its own gets 2 marks
Penalise use of g=10 in this question part only (max 1)
2

(b) (i) = 6500 × 600 (662.6 × 9.81 × 600)

= 3 900 000 (J)
Look out for W x g x h which gives 39000000 (gets zero)
Correct answer on its own gets 2 marks
Do not allow use of 1/2 mv2 (= 39 000)
2

(ii) (E= Pt =) 320 000 ×; 55 (= 17 600 k J )

OR P= 1(b)(i) / 55 (7.09 × 104)
3.9 / 17.6 OR 70.9 / 320 OR = 0.22(16) ecf from first line
Some valid working required for 3 marks

conversion to a percentage (= 22 %)
Look out for physics error: Power / time (320/55) then use of
inverted efficiency equation yielding correct answer
Do not allow percentages >= 100% for third mark
3
[11]

Q4.
(a) (i) (moment = 520 x 0.26) = 140 (135.2)

Nm
2

(ii) 180 x 0.41 and 0.63 X seen

135.2 = 180 x 0.41 + 0.63 X ecf from (a)(i)

(X = (135.2 – 73.8) / 0.63)

= 97 (N) (97.46) allow 105 from use of 140Nm ecf from (a)(i)
3

(iii) (520 – (180 + 97.46))

= 240 (242.5 N) ecf (or from correct moments calculation)

1

(b) (i) (v2 = u2 + 2as)

9.32 = 2 x a x 35 OR 9.32=70a OR a = v2/2s

OR 9.32/70

OR correct alternative approach

1.2 (1.2356) (m s–2)

2

Page 9 of 10
(ii) (m = W/g) = 520/9.81 (= 53.0) (kg)

F = ma = 53 × 3bi (1.2356) = 65 (N) (65.49)

accept use of 1.2 giving 64(63.6) , allow 53 x 124 = 65.7

2
[10]

Page 10 of 10