THỐNG KÊ MÔ TẢ

Giới tính

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Nam 74 38.3 38.3 38.3

Valid Nữ 119 61.7 61.7 100.0

Total 193 100.0 100.0

Of the 193 responses included in the analysis, 74 respondents were male (38.3%) and 119 were female
(61.7%).
Khoá

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Năm 1 28 14.5 14.5 14.5

Năm 2 50 25.9 25.9 40.4

Valid Năm 3 96 49.7 49.7 90.2

Năm 4 19 9.8 9.8 100.0

Total 193 100.0 100.0

THU NHẬP

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Dưới 5 triệu 55 28.5 28.5 28.5

Từ 5 triệu đến 10 triệu 110 57.0 57.0 85.5

Valid Từ 10 triệu đến 15 triệu 23 11.9 11.9 97.4

Trên 15 triệu 5 2.6 2.6 100.0

Total 193 100.0 100.0

The respondents were university students with 28.5% with an income of less than 5
million, 57% in the group with an income of 5 to less than 10 million, 11.9% in the group
with an income of 10 to 15 million and 5% with an income of 15 million or more.
KẾT QUẢ PHÂN TÍCH SPSS

1. Cronbach’s Alpha

Biến BE
 Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's N of Items
Alpha

.829 11

Item-Total Statistics

Scale Mean if Scale Variance Corrected Item- Cronbach's

Item Deleted if Item Deleted Total Correlation Alpha if Item
Deleted

BE1 40.21 21.332 .517 .813

BE2 40.01 22.286 .385 .824
BE3 40.40 19.377 .618 .803
BE4 40.09 21.502 .540 .812
BE5 40.13 21.232 .521 .813
BE6 40.34 20.195 .618 .803
BE7 40.16 22.069 .449 .819
BE8 40.35 20.811 .436 .822
BE9 40.12 20.870 .517 .813
BE10 39.93 22.599 .356 .826
BE11 40.18 21.010 .548 .810

Cronbach's Alpha coefficient is 0.829 > 0.6.

Corrected Item-Total Correlation of all variables is greater than 0.3 (as low as 0.356).
 Thus, the scale meets the reliability requirements, these variables will be retained for further
analysis.

Biến EM

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's N of Items
Alpha

.740 5

Item-Total Statistics
 Scale Mean if Scale Variance Corrected Item- Cronbach's
Item Deleted if Item Deleted Total Correlation Alpha if Item
Deleted

EM1 16.81 3.309 .535 .684

EM2 16.81 3.520 .529 .685
EM3 16.84 3.726 .509 .694
EM4 16.80 3.815 .449 .715
EM5 16.71 3.822 .504 .696

Cronbach's Alpha coefficient is 0.740 > 0.6.

Corrected Item-Total Correlation of all variables is greater than 0.3 (as low as 0.449).
 Thus, the scale meets the reliability requirements, these variables will be retained for further
analysis.

Biến CE

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's N of Items
Alpha

.794 8

Item-Total Statistics

Scale Mean if Scale Variance Corrected Item- Cronbach's

Item Deleted if Item Deleted Total Correlation Alpha if Item
Deleted

CE1 29.78 9.213 .425 .783

CE2 29.70 9.188 .473 .775
CE3 29.67 8.921 .501 .771
CE4 29.64 9.116 .500 .771
CE5 29.87 8.884 .434 .784
CE6 29.76 9.047 .552 .764
CE7 29.74 8.914 .547 .764
CE8 29.69 8.570 .598 .755

Cronbach's Alpha coefficient is 0.794 > 0.6.

Corrected Item-Total Correlation of all variables is greater than 0.3 (as low as 0.425).
 Thus, the scale meets the reliability requirements, these variables will be retained for further
analysis.

Biến LS

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's N of Items
Alpha

.791 5

Item-Total Statistics

Scale Mean if Scale Variance Corrected Item- Cronbach's

Item Deleted if Item Deleted Total Correlation Alpha if Item
Deleted

LS1 15.44 5.977 .499 .773

LS2 15.35 5.584 .588 .748
LS3 15.34 5.256 .600 .741
LS4 15.66 4.652 .681 .712
LS5 15.78 5.192 .507 .776

Cronbach's Alpha coefficient is 0.791 > 0.6.

Corrected Item-Total Correlation of all variables is greater than 0.3 (as low as 0.499).
 Thus, the scale meets the reliability requirements, these variables will be retained for further
analysis.

2. EFA Exploratory Factor Analysis Results

2.1. Results of exploratory factor analysis of independent variables
2.1.1. 1st result:
- KMO coefficient = 0.879 > 0.5
- Bartlett's Test sig value = 0.000 < 0.05
-> exploratory factor analysis is appropriate
- Total Variance Explained is 44.833% < 50%, is not acceptable
- Occurrence of CE5, BE2, CE1, BE8 variables with factor loading < 0.5.
So we conducted a 2nd EFA analysis to eliminate bad variables.

KMO and Bartlett's Test

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. .879

Approx. Chi-Square 1538.593

Bartlett's Test of Sphericity df 276

Sig. .000

Total Variance Explained

Component Initial Eigenvalues Extraction Sums of Squared Rotation Sums of Squared

Loadings Loadings

Total % of Cumulative Total % of Cumulative Total % of Cumulative

Variance % Variance % Variance %

1 7.247 30.197 30.197 7.247 30.197 30.197 3.874 16.141 16.141

2 1.982 8.258 38.455 1.982 8.258 38.455 3.608 15.032 31.173
3 1.531 6.378 44.833 1.531 6.378 44.833 3.278 13.660 44.833
4 1.188 4.948 49.781
5 1.034 4.309 54.090
6 .952 3.967 58.057
7 .918 3.825 61.882
8 .860 3.585 65.467
9 .800 3.332 68.799
10 .755 3.148 71.946
11 .692 2.882 74.828
12 .681 2.836 77.665
13 .653 2.721 80.385
14 .627 2.613 82.999
15 .564 2.349 85.347
16 .550 2.291 87.639
17 .479 1.995 89.633
18 .441 1.837 91.470
19 .410 1.710 93.181
20 .399 1.662 94.843
21 .362 1.508 96.350
22 .330 1.375 97.725
23 .286 1.192 98.917
24 .260 1.083 100.000

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

Rotated Component Matrixa

Component

1 2 3

BE3 .744
BE5 .648
BE1 .645
BE4 .598
BE6 .577 .508
BE11 .534
BE7 .514
BE9 .507
BE8
CE1
EM1 .719
EM5 .649
EM2 .621
EM3 .619
EM4 .512
BE2
CE7 .713
CE6 .711
CE2 .608
CE4 .576
CE8 .575
CE3 .509 .518
BE10 .502
CE5

Extraction Method: Principal Component

Analysis.
Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser
Normalization.
a. Rotation converged in 8 iterations.

2.1.2. Results of the second discovery factor analysis after removing variables CE5, BE2,
CE1, BE8.
- KMO coefficient = 0.861 > 0.5
- Bartlett's Test sig value = 0.000 < 0.05
-> exploratory factor analysis is appropriate
- Total Variance Explained is 47.759% < 50%, is not acceptable
- There are BE9 and BE10 variables with loading factor < 0.5 and BE6 variables loaded in both
factors Component 1 and Component 2 with a factor loading difference of < 0.2. So we
conducted a 3rd EFA analysis to eliminate the bad variables BE6. BE9, BE10

KMO and Bartlett's Test

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. .861

Approx. Chi-Square 1233.039

Bartlett's Test of Sphericity df 190

Sig. .000

Total Variance Explained

Component Initial Eigenvalues Extraction Sums of Squared Rotation Sums of Squared

Loadings Loadings

Total % of Cumulative Total % of Cumulative Total % of Cumulative

Variance % Variance % Variance %

1 6.140 30.701 30.701 6.140 30.701 30.701 3.328 16.640 16.640

2 1.891 9.456 40.157 1.891 9.456 40.157 3.255 16.274 32.914
3 1.520 7.602 47.759 1.520 7.602 47.759 2.969 14.845 47.759
4 1.082 5.412 53.171
5 .973 4.864 58.035
6 .863 4.314 62.349
7 .843 4.217 66.566
8 .762 3.811 70.377
9 .715 3.576 73.952
10 .681 3.404 77.356
11 .632 3.158 80.515
12 .612 3.058 83.573
13 .544 2.722 86.294
14 .528 2.639 88.933
15 .489 2.446 91.379
16 .419 2.093 93.472
17 .371 1.855 95.327
18 .364 1.822 97.149
19 .295 1.475 98.624
20 .275 1.376 100.000

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

Rotated Component Matrixa

Component

1 2 3

BE3 .716
BE1 .683
BE5 .647
BE4 .617
BE7 .560
BE11 .542
BE9
EM1 .715
EM5 .654
EM3 .637
EM2 .624
BE6 .548 .553
EM4 .541
CE7 .724
CE6 .718
CE2 .603
CE4 .590
CE8 .589
CE3 .526
BE10

Extraction Method: Principal Component

Analysis.
Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser
Normalization.
a. Rotation converged in 8 iterations.

2.1.3. Results of the 3rd EFA discovery factor analysis after removing variables BE6, BE9,
BE10.
- Coefficient KMO = 0.854 > 0.5

- Bartlett's Test sig value = 0.000 < 0.05

-> exploratory factor analysis is appropriate
- Total Variance Explained is 49.763% < 50% is not acceptable
- The CE3 variable uploads in two factors, Component 1 and Component 3 with a factor loading
difference of < 0.2. So, we conducted a 3rd EFA analysis to remove the CE3 variable.

KMO and Bartlett's Test

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. .854

Approx. Chi-Square 943.937

Bartlett's Test of Sphericity df 136

Sig. .000

Total Variance Explained

Component Initial Eigenvalues Extraction Sums of Squared Rotation Sums of Squared

Loadings Loadings

Total % of Cumulative Total % of Cumulative Total % of Cumulative

Variance % Variance % Variance %

1 5.270 30.999 30.999 5.270 30.999 30.999 2.891 17.005 17.005

2 1.776 10.450 41.449 1.776 10.450 41.449 2.809 16.524 33.530
3 1.413 8.314 49.763 1.413 8.314 49.763 2.760 16.233 49.763
4 1.028 6.050 55.813
5 .866 5.095 60.908
6 .798 4.692 65.600
7 .750 4.409 70.009
8 .695 4.086 74.095
9 .685 4.032 78.127
10 .617 3.631 81.759
11 .550 3.235 84.994
12 .526 3.093 88.087
13 .488 2.872 90.959
14 .445 2.618 93.577
15 .409 2.409 95.986
16 .368 2.167 98.153
17 .314 1.847 100.000

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

Rotated Component Matrixa

Component
 1 2 3

EM1 .742
EM3 .658
EM2 .651
EM5 .635
EM4 .541
CE3 .520 .500
BE1 .711
BE3 .681
BE5 .669
BE4 .651
BE7 .614
BE11 .542
CE7 .763
CE6 .710
CE2 .627
CE4 .617
CE8 .594

Extraction Method: Principal Component

Analysis.
Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser
Normalization.
a. Rotation converged in 6 iterations.

2.1.4. Kết quả phân tích EFA lần 4 sau khi loại bỏ biến CE3.
- Coefficient KMO = 0.846 > 0.5
- Bartlett's Test sig value = 0.000 < 0.05
-> EFA exploratory factor analysis is appropriate
- Total Variance Explained is 50.279 > 50% is acceptable, so the 3 extracted factors explain
50.279% of the data variation of the observed variables participating in EFA.
The factor loading of the observed variables is greater than 0.5 and there is no longer a case of
variables uploading multiple groups of factors at the same time. All factors that ensure
convergence and differentiating value.
 After 4 times performing EFA and removal of bad variables, the remaining observed
variables are all acceptable.
 KMO and Bartlett's Test

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. .846

Approx. Chi-Square 857.349

Bartlett's Test of Sphericity df 120

Sig. .000

Total Variance Explained

Component Initial Eigenvalues Extraction Sums of Squared Rotation Sums of Squared

Loadings Loadings

Total % of Cumulative Total % of Cumulative Total % of Cumulative

Variance % Variance % Variance %

1 5.010 31.313 31.313 5.010 31.313 31.313 2.737 17.105 17.105

2 1.643 10.267 41.580 1.643 10.267 41.580 2.730 17.064 34.169
3 1.392 8.698 50.279 1.392 8.698 50.279 2.578 16.110 50.279
4 1.027 6.422 56.700
5 .827 5.167 61.867
6 .797 4.983 66.850
7 .733 4.583 71.433
8 .694 4.338 75.772
9 .646 4.037 79.808
10 .599 3.741 83.550
11 .530 3.310 86.860
12 .498 3.116 89.975
13 .484 3.027 93.002
14 .424 2.652 95.654
15 .381 2.384 98.038
16 .314 1.962 100.000

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

Rotated Component Matrixa

Component

1 2 3

BE1 .720
BE3 .670
BE4 .669
BE5 .658
BE7 .635
BE11 .510
EM1 .746
EM2 .682
EM3 .681
EM5 .612
EM4 .549
CE7 .771
CE6 .715
CE2 .641
CE4 .631
CE8 .602

Extraction Method: Principal Component

Analysis.
Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser
Normalization.
a. Rotation converged in 5 iterations.

2.2. Kết quả phân tích nhân tố khám phá biến phụ thuộc

KMO and Bartlett's Test

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. .814

Approx. Chi-Square 264.440

Bartlett's Test of Sphericity df 10

Sig. .000

- Coefficient KMO = 0.814 > 0.5

- Bartlett's Test sig value = 0.000 < 0.05
=> so factor analysis is appropriate.
- The Eigenvalues of factor LS is 2.751 > 1 and Total Variance Explained is 55.023%
> 50% shows that this factor explains 55.023% of the data variation

Total Variance Explained

Component Initial Eigenvalues Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings

Total % of Variance Cumulative % Total % of Variance Cumulative %

1 2.751 55.023 55.023 2.751 55.023 55.023

2 .681 13.620 68.643
3 .659 13.186 81.829
4 .531 10.612 92.441
5 .378 7.559 100.000

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

Component Matrixa

Component

LS4 .826
LS3 .769
LS2 .752
LS5 .679
LS1 .671

Extraction Method:
Principal Component
Analysis.
a. 1 components
extracted.

3. Kiểm định lại thang đo bằng Cronbach’s Alpha theo các nhóm nhân tố đã xác định ở
phân tích nhân tố khám phá EFA.
Biến BE

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's N of Items
Alpha

.766 6

Item-Total Statistics

Scale Mean if Scale Variance Corrected Item- Cronbach's

Item Deleted if Item Deleted Total Correlation Alpha if Item
Deleted

BE7 19.94 6.939 .486 .738

BE5 19.92 6.624 .503 .733
BE4 19.88 6.720 .547 .724
BE3 20.19 5.843 .525 .733
BE1 19.99 6.547 .541 .723
BE11 19.96 6.671 .479 .739

Cronbach's Alpha coefficient is 0.766 > 0.6.

Corrected Item-Total Correlation of all variables is greater than 0.3 (as low as 0.479).
 Thus, the scale meets the reliability requirements, these variables will be retained for further
analysis.

Biến CE

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's N of Items
Alpha

.761 5

Item-Total Statistics

Scale Mean if Scale Variance Corrected Item- Cronbach's

Item Deleted if Item Deleted Total Correlation Alpha if Item
Deleted

CE7 17.12 3.376 .582 .700

CE2 17.09 3.602 .476 .737
CE4 17.03 3.588 .489 .732
CE6 17.15 3.552 .544 .714
CE8 17.07 3.307 .559 .708

Cronbach's Alpha coefficient is 0.761 > 0.6.

Corrected Item-Total Correlation of all variables is greater than 0.3 (as low as 0.476).
 Thus, the scale meets the reliability requirements, these variables will be retained for further
analysis.

4. Kết quả phân tích tương quan Pearson

Correlations

LS EM BE CE
 Pearson Correlation 1 .414** .543** .279**

LS Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000

N 193 193 193 193

** **
Pearson Correlation .414 1 .486 .478**
EM Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000
N 193 193 193 193
** **
Pearson Correlation .543 .486 1 .400**
BE Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000
N 193 193 193 193
** ** **
Pearson Correlation .279 .478 .400 1

CE Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000

N 193 193 193 193

**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

● Correlation between independent variable and dependent variable:

The results of the analysis showed that:
The correlation coefficient of 2 variables LS and EM equal to 0.414 indicates that the 2 variables
are correlated and statistically significant (sig. = .000).
The correlation coefficient of 2 variables LS and BE equal to 0.543 indicates that the 2 variables
are correlated and statistically significant (sig. = .000).
The correlation coefficient of 2 variables LS and CE equal to 0.279 indicates that the 2 variables
are correlation and statistically significant (sig. = .000).

 Correlation between independent variables

The results shown that between the independent variables: EM with BE, EM with CE, BE with
CE are all correlated and statistically significant with all sig. values less than 0.05. The Pearson
correlation coefficients between each pair of independent variables have absolute values less
than 0.7, so multiadditiveness is less likely. As such, all of the above factors are acceptale for
inclusion in regression analysis to draw the final correct conclusions for the variables.

5. Kết quả hồi quy tuyến tính.

Model Summaryb

Model R R Square Adjusted R Std. Error of the Durbin-Watson

Square Estimate
a
1 .569 .324 .313 .46635 2.223

a. Predictors: (Constant), CE, BE, EM

b. Dependent Variable: LS
 ANOVAa

Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

Regression 19.698 3 6.566 30.190 .000b

1 Residual 41.105 189 .217

Total 60.803 192

a. Dependent Variable: LS
b. Predictors: (Constant), CE, BE, EM

Coefficientsa
Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized t Sig. Collinearity Statistics
Coefficients

B Std. Error Beta Tolerance VIF

(Constant) .846 .377 2.246 .026

EM .235 .089 .193 2.640 .009 .668 1.497

1
BE .501 .079 .446 6.351 .000 .727 1.376

CE .010 .087 .008 .117 .907 .735 1.361

a. Dependent Variable: LS