POLYNOMIALS

(I) Main Concepts and Results:

Meaning of a Polynomial Degree of a polynomial

Coefficients

Monomials, Binomials etc.

Constant, Linear, Quadratic Polynomials etc.

Value of a polynomial for a given value of the variable Zeroes of a polynomial
Remainder theorem Factor theorem
Factorization of a quadratic polynomial by splitting the middle term Factorization of algebraic expressions by
using the Factor theorem Algebraic identities –
(x + y)2 = x2 + 2xy + y2

(x – y)2 = x2 – 2xy + y2

x2 – y2 = (x + y) (x – y)

(x + a) (x + b) = x2 + (a + b) x + ab

(x + y + z)2 = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2zx

(x + y)3 = x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3 = x3 + y3 + 3xy (x + y)

(x –y)3 = x3 – 3x2y + 3xy2 – y3 = x3 – y3 – 3xy (x – y)

x3 + y3 = (x + y) (x2 – xy + y2)

x3 – y3 = (x – y) (x2 + xy + y2)

x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = (x + y + z) (x2 + y2 + z2 – xy – yz – zx)

EXAMPLES:

1) MCQ‟S-

(i) Which one of the following is a polynomial?

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𝑥² 2 2 3𝑥 2 𝑥−1
(A) = 𝑥² (B) 2 x  1 (C) x + (D)
2 𝑥 𝑥+1

Answer: (C)

(ii) On factorizing x + 8x + 15, we get :

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(A) (x + 3) (x – 5) (B) (x – 3) (x + 5) (C) (x + 3) (x + 5 ) (D) (x – 3) (x – 5)

Answer: (C)

(iii) On dividing x – 2x – 15 by (x – 5), the quotient is (x + 3) and

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remainder is 0. Which of
the following statements is true?
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 (A) x2– 2x – 15 is a multiple of (x – 5)
(B) x2– 2x – 15 is a factor of (x – 5)
(C) (x + 3) is a factor of (x – 5)
(D) (x + 3) is a multiple of (x – 5)
Answer: (A)

(iv) The value of the polynomial 2x2+ 3x- 4 at x = 0 is:

(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) – 4 (D) 4

Answer: (C)

(v) The value of the polynomial 5x – 4x2 + 3, when x = –1 is-

(A) – 6 (B) 6 (C) 2 (D) –2

Answer: (A)

2) SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

(i) Give an example of a monomial and a binomial having degrees of 82 and 99, respectively.

Solution: An example of a monomial having a degree of 82 = x82An example of a binomial having a

degree of 99 = x99 + x.

(ii) Find the value of the polynomial 5x – 4x2 + 3 at x = 2 and x = –1.

Solution: Let the polynomial be f(x) = 5x – 4x2 + 3

Now, for x = 2,

f(2) = 5(2) – 4(2)2 + 3

=> f(2) = 10 – 16 + 3 = –3

Or, the value of the polynomial 5x – 4x2 + 3 at x = 2 is -3.

Similarly, for x = –1,

f(–1) = 5(–1) – 4(–1)2 + 3

=> f(–1) = –5 –4 + 3 = -6

The value of the polynomial 5x – 4x2 + 3 at x = -1 is -6.

(iii) Compute the value of 9x2 + 4y2 if xy = 6 and 3x + 2y = 12.

Solution: Consider the equation 3x + 2y = 12

Now, square both sides:

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(3x + 2y)2 = 122

=> 9x2 + 12xy + 4y2 = 144

=>9x2 + 4y2 = 144 – 12xy

From the questions, xy = 6 So,

9x2 + 4y2 = 144 – 72

Thus, the value of 9x2 + 4y2 = 72.

3) PRACTICE QUESTIONS:

(A) MCQ‟S QUESTIONS:

Q1. √2 is a polynomial of degree is -

(A) 2 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) ½

Q2. Degree of the polynomial 4x4 + 0x3 + 0x5 + 5x + 7 is -

(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 3 (D) 7

Q3. Degree of the zero polynomial is-

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) Any natural number (D) Not defined

Q4. If p(x)= x2- 2√2x +1, then p(2√ 2) is equal to

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 4√2 (D) 8√2+ 1

Q5. The value of the polynomial 5x – 4x2 + 3, when x = –1 is-

(A) – 6 (B) 6 (C) 2 (D) –2

Q6. If p(x) = x + 3, then p(x) + p(–x) is equal to-

(A) 3 (B) 2x (C) 0 (D) 6

Q7. Zero of the polynomial p(x) = 2x + 5 is –

(A) -2/ 5 (B) -5/2 (C) 2/5 (D) 5/2

Q8. The value of 2492 – 2482 is-

(A) 12 (B) 477 (C) 487 (D) 497

1 1
Q9. . If 49x2 – b = {7x + 2 }{7x - 2 }, then the value of b is-

(A) 0 (B) 1/√2 (C) 1/4 (D) ´

ASSERTION & REASON BASED QUESTION:

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Q10. Assertion: The value of 593 × 607 is 359,951.
Reason: (a + b) (a – b) = a2 – b2

Directions: Choose the correct answer out of the following choices :

(A) Assertion and Reason both are correct statements and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(B) Assertion and Reason both are correct statements but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(C) Assertion is correct statement but Reason is wrong statement.
(D) Assertion is wrong statement but Reason is correct statement.

(B) SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

Q11.Calculate the perimeter of a rectangle whose area is 25x2 – 35x + 12.

Q12. Find the value of x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz if x2 + y2 + z2 = 83 & x + y + z = 15.

Q13. If 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 15, 𝑎𝑏 = 14 then find 𝑎2 + 𝑏2.

Q14. Check whether (7 + 3x) is a factor of (3x3 + 7x).

Q15. Factorise x2 + 1/x2 + 2 – 2x – 2/x.

Q16. Factorise x2 – 1 – 2a – a2.

Q17. Expand (𝑎 − 2𝑏 + 3𝑐)2

Q18. Expand (3𝑎 – 4b)3

Q19. Classify the following polynomials as polynomials Monomial, Binomial, Trinomial, Polynomial
etc.

(i) 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 1 (ii) 𝑦3 – 5𝑦 (iii) 𝑥𝑦 (iv) 𝑥2 – 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦2 + 1

Q20. Factorise: 𝑥3 – 64

(C) ANSWER OF PRACTICE QUESTIONS:

(i) MCQ QUESTIONS:-

1) (B), 2) (A), 3) (D,) 4) (B), 5) (A), 6) (D), 7) (B), 8) (D) 9), (C) 10) (A)

(ii) SHORT QUESTIONS:

1 1
11) P= (2x – 14), 12) 180, 13) 197, 14) NO, 15) (x+ x ) (x+ 𝑥 − 2),

16) (x-1-a) (x+1+a), 17) (a2 + 4b2 +9 c2 - 4ab - 12bc + 6ca)

18) 27 a3 –64 b3 – 108a2c + 144ac2 ,

19) (i)Trinomial (ii0 Binomial (iii) Monomial (iv) Polynomial

20) (x - 4) (x2 + 4x + 16)

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 CLASS TEST – 1 -
TOPIC- POLYNOMIALS
CLASS-IX
TIME- 45 MIN. M.M. 20

SECTION – A – ( 1 mark for each correct option)

Choose the correct option from the following questions:-
Q1. . On dividing x – 2x – 15 by (x – 5), the quotient is (x + 3) and remainder is 0. Which of the following
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statements is true?
(a) x2– 2x – 15 is a multiple of (x – 5) (b) x2– 2x – 15 is a factor of (x – 5)
(c) (x + 3) is a factor of (x – 5) (d) (x + 3) is a multiple of (x – 5)
Q2. The value of the polynomial 3x + 2x – 4 at x = 0 is :
2

(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) – 4 (d) 4

Q3. If p(x) = x + 3, then p(x) + p(–x) is equal to :

(a) 3 (b) 2x (c) 0 (d) 6
Q4. If x + kx + 6 = (x + 2) (x + 3) for all x, then the value of k is:
2

(a) 1 (b) – 1 (c) 5 (d) 3

SECTION – B – (2 marks for each correct answer)
2 2 2
Q5. Factorise: 9x + 4y + 16z + 12xy – 16yz – 24xz

Q6. Factorise: 4x2 + 20x + 25

Q7. Verify if 2 and 0 are zeroes of the polynomial x 2 − 2x.

Q8. Evaluate: 993

Q9. Expand: (3a+5b)3.

SECTION – C – (3 marks for each correct answer)

Q10. If ( x − 4) is a factor of the polynomial 2 x 2 + Ax + 12 and ( x − 5) is a factor of the

polynomial x 3 − 7 x 2 + 11 x + B , then what is the value of ( A − 2 B )?
Q11. If (x+3) and(x-3) are factors of ax2+5x+b then show that a=b.

CLASS TEST – 2 -
TOPIC- POLYNOMIALS
CLASS-IX
TIME - 90 MIN. M.M. 30

SECTION – A – ( 1 mark for each correct option)

Choose the correct option from the following questions:-
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Q1. The value of (5)3 + (7)3 + (−12)3 is:
(a) 1260 (b) -1260 (c) 420 (d) 0

Q2. If 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 7, 𝑎𝑏 = 6 then the value of 𝑎3 + 𝑏3will be:

(a)117 (b) 217 (c) 469 (d) 61

Q3. Product of (2𝑎 + 7) (2𝑎 − 7) is:

(a) 2𝑎2 – 7 (b) 2𝑎2 − 49 (c) 2𝑎2 + 49 (d) 4𝑎2 – 49

Q4. Factors of √2𝑥2 − 𝑥 − 10√2 are:

(a) (√2𝑥 − 5) (𝑥 + 2√2) (b) (√2𝑥 + 5) (𝑥 + 2√2)
(c) (√2𝑥 + 5) (𝑥 − 2√2) (d) (√2𝑥 − 5) (𝑥 − 2√2)

Q5. Factors of 343𝑎3 − 125𝑏3 are:

(a) (7𝑎 + 5𝑏) (49𝑎2 + 35𝑎𝑏 + 25𝑏2)
(b) (7𝑎 − 5𝑏) (49𝑎2 − 35𝑎𝑏 − 25𝑏2)
(c) (7𝑎 − 5𝑏) (7𝑎2 + 35𝑎𝑏 + 5𝑏2)
(d) (7𝑎 − 5𝑏) (49𝑎2 + 35𝑎𝑏 + 25𝑏2)

SECTION – B – (2 marks for each correct answer)

2 2
Q6.If 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 15, 𝑎𝑏 = 14 then find 𝑎 + 𝑏
Q7.Expand (𝑎 − 2𝑏 + 3𝑐)2
Q8.Expand (3𝑎 − 4𝑐)3
Q9. Find the product of (𝑥2 + 3𝑦 + 7) (𝑥 − 2).
Q10.Find the value of 𝑝 (−2√3) if p (𝑦) = (√3𝑦2 − 3𝑦 + 5√3).

SECTION – C – (3 marks for each correct answer)

Q11. If 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 9 and 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎 = 26, find 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐2.
Q12. If 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 12 and 𝑥𝑦 = 27, find the value of 𝑥3 + 𝑦3.
Q13. If (𝑥 − 2) is a factor of (𝑥) = 𝑥4 – 2𝑥3 + 3𝑥2 – 𝑎𝑥 + 3𝑎 – 7
Then find the value of 𝑎.
Q14. Find 𝑘 if 𝑥3 + 6𝑥2 + 11𝑥 + 6 = 𝑘 (𝑥 + 1)
Q15. Factorise: 𝑥3 − 216𝑦3 - 18𝑥2𝑦 + 108𝑥𝑦2.

ANSWERS FOR TEST PAPERS:

TEST 1 :

(i) MCQ QUESTIONS:-

1) (a) 2) (c) 3) (c) 4) (c)

(ii) SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS-

5) (3x + 2y – 4z)2 , 6) ( 2x + 5 )2, 7)YES, 2 & 0 are zeroes of given polynomial

8) 970299 9)27a3 + 125b3 +135a2b + 225ab2 , 10) A = 11,B = 5 then A-2B =1

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TEST 2 :

(i) MCQ QUESTIONS:-

1) (b) 2) (b) 3) (d) 4) (a) 5) (d)

(ii) SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS-

6) 197, 7) a2 + 4b2 +9c2 -4ab – 12bc + 6ac, 8) 9a3 – 64c3 – 108a2c +144ac2

9) x3 + 3xy + 7x – 2x2 -6y -14, 10) 23 3 , 11) 29, 12) 756, 13) a = -5,

14) K= (x + 3) (x + 2), 15) x3 – 216y3 – 18x2y + 108xy2

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