LEC 1 : Introduction .

def
-
1 A dynamical system is defined as

mathematical prescription for

evolving the state of a

system
forward in time for
,
a
given
set of I CS
. .

2 types :

.
1
Continuous system
.

(continuous growth/decline of a

population in time I

.
2 Discrete System :

Cariation in population from

generation to generation).

2 .
A dynamical system is deterministic
if its time evolution is uniquely
specified from its initial conditions

for a given set of ICS ,

evolution can't take

2 possible paths.
roperties
ilion of the system is determined
from solution of :

1) .
Differential equations : ( we focus on this).
if system evolves continuously in time .

2) Difference equations :

if system evolves in time step.

 Mathematical MODEL FOR THE SPREAD Of Disease.

def 3 :
population divided into 3 distinct
groups
:
-

susceptible :

who (1) SC) number susceptible to infection

person
: = .

susceptible is
easily affected (2) :
IC) = number that are infected .

by a disease
.

(3) : RC) = number that have recovered.

t : time e.

Main
Assumption

1
only pathway > I - R (can't
S- catch twice)

duration of disease population of turn over

(death/births 1.

Fixed population size = N (low death ratel ,

SCH) + I(+ ) + R(t) = N .

(1) .

if not infected before >

-

you are susceptible .

it recovered >
-
immune from reinfection

·
People are infected immediately after
inection .
system of differential equations
.
N

·
suppose each infected person has b contacts

with others per day.

if these are all susceptible :

=
-
b

But ,
only susceptible can be infected

S (for each infected people)

:
=
- b. .

For I infected people then :

b I
=
-
.
(2)
N

suppose a fixed fraction (k >O) of infected

people recover each
day.

R =
kI (3) .

FROM (11 we have : =

Together We Have :

= -

E I-RI (R70) .
(5).

where I : n .
o infected people.

S : n . o susceptible people to infect.

N :
population size (fixed)
.
b n .
o contact of infected people per day.
R -
fraction of recover people (fixed)