The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research IMPACT FACTOR

(ISSN – 2689-1026) 2021: 5. 64

Published: June 18, 2021 | Pages: 23-27
Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/TAJMSPR/Volume03Issue06-04 OCLC - 1121105510

Etiological Aspects And Preventive Measures Against Chronic

Tonsillitis In Children

Murodova Mehriniso Mubinovna

Assistant Professor, Department Of Public Health And Health Care Organisation, Tashkent,
Uzbekistan

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ABSTRACT

Tonsillitis is a common and frequent disease in childhood, divided into acute tonsillitis and chronic
tonsillitis. Acute tonsillitis is caused by pathogens invading the tonsils. Symptoms: fever, cough, sore
throat, fever in severe cases, difficulty swallowing, and examination reveals the tonsils are
hyperemic, swollen and festering. The tonsils have acute attacks more than 4 times a year, which can
be diagnosed as chronic tonsillitis, mostly caused by pathogens in the fossa of the tonsils. On
examination, hypertrophy, hyperemia or secretion of the tonsils and enlargement of the
submandibular lymph nodes can be seen.

KEYWORDS

Chronic tonsillitis, tonsils, preventive measures

INTRODUCTION

Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils. local or systemic complications, such as ear,

Clinically, it is divided into acute and chronic. nose, heart, kidney and joint complications, so
The main symptoms are sore throat, fever and it is worth paying attention to. Acute
throat discomfort. The condition can cause tonsillitis. Acute non-specific inflammation,

The USA Journals Volume 03 Issue 06-2021 23

 The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research IMPACT FACTOR
(ISSN – 2689-1026) 2021: 5. 64
Published: June 18, 2021 | Pages: 23-27
Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/TAJMSPR/Volume03Issue06-04 OCLC - 1121105510

often secondary to an upper respiratory tract and vomiting may occur because of the
infection, is a very common disease of the high fever;
throat. It occurs more often in children and  The local symptoms of a sore throat are
young people. obvious. When the pain is severe, it can
cause dysphagia. It may also be recurrent
MATERIALS AND METHODS in the ears, tinnitus, a feeling of fullness in
the ears and hearing loss. If children have
The main pathogenic bacteria are beta- hypertrophy of the tonsils, they may have
haemolytic streptococcus, staphylococcus difficulty sleeping and often wake up at
aureus, influenza bacillus or adenovirus, night.
rhinovirus, herpes simplex virus, etc. Mixed
infections with bacteria and viruses are also Chronic tonsillitis is most often caused by
5 not common. The above-mentioned recurrent episodes of acute tonsillitis or poor
pathogens exist in the normal oral cavity and drainage of the palatine tonsils, a bacterial
tonsils without causing disease [1-3]. When viral infection in the fossa and develops into
certain factors cause reduced systemic or local chronic inflammation. It may also be
resistance, pathogens enter the body or an secondary to scarlatina, diphtheria, influenza,
initial large number of bacteria multiply and measles, infections of the nasal cavity and
cause disease. Cold, damp, excessive fatigue, sinuses. The main pathogenic bacteria are
excessive use of tobacco and alcohol, harmful streptococci and staphylococci.
gases, etc. can be stimuli. Acute tonsillitis is
Symptoms: recurrent episodes of acute
caused by airborne or direct contact. The
tonsillitis with throat discomfort and a feeling
cause of tonsillitis is related to bacterial and
of blockage. There are also patients who have
viral infections. The pathogenic bacteria are
no history of overt acute attacks and often
mainly haemolytic streptococcus,
experience throat discomfort, foreign body
staphylococcus and pneumococcus. These
sensation, dryness, itching, irritating cough,
bacteria usually exist in the pharynx and
bad breath, etc. Excessive tonsils can cause
crypts of the human tonsils. Under normal
difficulty swallowing, slurred speech, difficulty
conditions, due to the integrity of the surface
breathing or snoring while sleeping [7-9]].
epithelium of the tonsils and the constant
Chronic tonsillitis is one of the most common
secretion of mucous glands, the bacteria can
diseases. According to a survey, about 22% of
be excreted from the crypt openings with the
children have chronic tonsillitis.
detached epithelial cells, so they remain on
the body [4-6]]. When the body's resistance is The tonsils - as we know, they help the body
reduced due to excessive fatigue, cold or local fight infections. They are located on the side
physical or chemical factors, the blood supply wall of the isthmus of the pharynx, between
to the tonsils decreases, and the secretion the palatine arch of the tongue and the
function of the glands and the epithelial palatine arch of the pharynx. They have a flat-
defence capacity are reduced. Causes the oval shape. The surface is covered with
tonsils to become inflamed. epithelium of the mucous membrane, and the
bottom is covered with fibrous membrane.
Symptoms are divided into:
They are loosely connected to the muscular
 Systemic symptoms occur quickly, layer of the pharyngeal wall and easily
headache, chills, high fever can reach 39- detached; there are pharyngeal tonsils and
40 ℃, especially in young children cramps lingual tonsils. Their main role is in the human

The USA Journals Volume 03 Issue 06-2021 24

 The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research IMPACT FACTOR
(ISSN – 2689-1026) 2021: 5. 64
Published: June 18, 2021 | Pages: 23-27
Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/TAJMSPR/Volume03Issue06-04 OCLC - 1121105510

immune system. They are the largest in the 2. Excessive hypertrophy of the tonsils
lymphatic tissue of the pharynx and represent makes it difficult to swallow, breathe,
a molecule in the lymphatic ring of the vocalise and snore when sleeping;
pharynx. Between the ages of 6 and 7, the 3. Repeated infections of the tonsils cause
lymphoid tissue grows and the tonsils may rheumatic heart disease, myocarditis,
become hypertrophied. This is physiological arthritis, glomerulonephritis, skin diseases,
hypertrophy, and after middle age they will etc. The tonsils should be removed;
gradually shrink and shrink. The main function 4. Carriers of diphtheria when conservative
of these glands is to help the body fight treatment is ineffective;
infection, but sometimes it is medically 5. Various benign tumours of the tonsils can
necessary to have them removed. Some be removed along with the tonsils.
people don't want their tonsils removed, even
5 if they have been suffering from chronic Preventive measures to prevent chronic
inflammation for a long time [10-14]. Is this tonsillitis in children
really a good thing - is it? With tonsillitis, there Prevention is always the best treatment. To
is an infection of the tonsils. Usually due to a protect your tonsils, you can try the following
bacterial infection of the throat and upper
respiratory tract. In addition, chronic tonsillitis 1. Exercise more to improve fitness,
is prone to formation of lesions, allergic immunity and resistance to disease;
reactions and various complications, such as 2. Get plenty of rest and don't overexert
rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic fever, heart your body;
disease, nephritis and other systemic diseases 3. Avoid colds and keep away from colds;
when the internal and external environment 4. Drink plenty of water to keep your
of the body changes. Should the tonsils be throat moist;
removed or left behind? Many people have 5. Brush your teeth and rinse your mouth
seen only the immune function of the tonsils thoroughly to create a favourable
and would rather suffer repeated tonsillitis environment for the tonsils;
than undergo a tonsillectomy [12-15]. This view 6. Eat less spicy food.
is wrong: if the tonsils have recurrent Treatment of tonsillitis in children
inflammation and seriously affect the normal
physiological functions of the body, surgical Antibiotic treatment - antibiotics are effective
treatment may be considered. in treating acute tonsillitis and can quickly
control symptoms in the acute phase, but they
Mostly, tonsils are removed in the following can easily be repeated. Repeated use of
situations: antibiotics easily induces drug resistance and
1. Repeated episodes of acute tonsillitis, can compromise liver and kidney function,
each infection causes fever, sore throat, lower the immune system and destroy the
congestion of the throat mucosa, and at normal flora of the human body.
the same time there may be purulent The use of lozenges. Tooth lozenges taste
tonsillitis, which is manifested by spots of good and are easy for patients to take.
pus on the surface of the tonsils, which However, if lozenges are taken regularly, the
occur more than 4-5 times a year, bacteria will become resistant to the
continuous attacks for 2 years; medicine; normal oral bacteria are easily

The USA Journals Volume 03 Issue 06-2021 25

 The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research IMPACT FACTOR
(ISSN – 2689-1026) 2021: 5. 64
Published: June 18, 2021 | Pages: 23-27
Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/TAJMSPR/Volume03Issue06-04 OCLC - 1121105510

damaged and the normal oral flora is Repair. Journal of research in health
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the nose and mouth are the best choice for Doletsky A.A. (2006). Optimization of
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yet normal, so they are vulnerable to repeated stroke. Journal of Biomedicine and
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 The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research IMPACT FACTOR
(ISSN – 2689-1026) 2021: 5. 64
Published: June 18, 2021 | Pages: 23-27
Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/TAJMSPR/Volume03Issue06-04 OCLC - 1121105510

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