DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

MODULE 1:
(A): CREATE TABLE Employee (
ID INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Age INT CHECK (Age >= 0),
City VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Salary INT
);
Output :

(B) : 1.
INSERT INTO Employee (Name , Age, City, Salary) Values
(‘JOHN’, 30, ‘Dehradun’, 65000),
(‘ALICE’, 27, ‘Delhi’, 85000),
(‘SIMMY’, 30, ‘Dehradun’, 70000),
(‘BOB’, 34, ‘Dehradun’, 65000),
(‘DEEPTI’, 29, ‘Mumbai’, 75000);
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

2.
ALTER TABLE Employee MODIFY COLUMN Salary FLOAT;
Output:

3.
ALTER TABLE Employee CHANGE COLUMN ID Emp_ID INT
AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY;
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

4.
SELECT City, COUNT(*) AS EmployeeCount FROM Employee GROUP BY City;
Output:

5.
SELECT AVG(Salary) AS AverageSalary FROM Employee WHERE City =
'Dehradun';
Output:

6.
SELECT * FROM Employee WHERE Name LIKE 'J%N';
Output:

7.
SELECT * FROM Employee WHERE City IN ('Dehradun', 'Mumbai');

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

Output:

8.
ALTER TABLE Employee ADD COLUMN Designation VARCHAR(20);
Output:

9.
UPDATE Employee SET Designation = 'Manager' WHERE Emp_ID = 1;
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

10.
ALTER TABLE Employee DROP COLUMN Designation;
Output:

11.
RENAME TABLE Employee TO Emp;
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

MODULE 2:
(A):
CREATE TABLE Student (
Roll_No INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Marks INT CHECK (Marks >= 65 AND Marks <= 90),
City VARCHAR(20),
Gender VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Branch VARCHAR(20)
);
Output:

(B):
1.
INSERT INTO Student (Name, Marks, City, Gender, Branch) VALUES
(‘AJAY’, 70, ‘Dehradun’, 'Male', ‘CSE’),
('VIVEK', 65, 'Delhi', 'Male', 'CSE'),
('SIMMY', 90, ‘Dehradun’, 'Female', ‘ME’),
('MATT', 76, 'Dehradun', 'Male', 'ECE'),
('REENA', 80, 'Mumbai', 'Female', 'CSE');
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

2.
SELECT Gender, COUNT(*) AS StudentCount FROM Student GROUP BY Gender;
Output:

3.
SELECT Branch, COUNT(*) AS StudentCount FROM Student GROUP BY Branch;
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

4.
SELECT Gender, AVG(Marks) AS AverageMarks FROM Student GROUP BY
Gender;
Output:

5.
SELECT Branch, COUNT(*) AS StudentCount FROM Student GROUP BY Branch
HAVING StudentCount > 1;
Output:

6.
SELECT Branch, COUNT(*) AS StudentCount FROM Student GROUP BY Branch
HAVING StudentCount = 1;
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

7.
SELECT * FROM Student WHERE City NOT LIKE 'Dehradun';
Output:

8.
SELECT * FROM Student WHERE City LIKE '%i';
Output:

9.
SELECT * FROM Student LIMIT 3;
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

10.
UPDATE Student SET Name = 'DEEPTI' WHERE Name= 'REENA';
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

MODULE 3.
(A):
CREATE TABLE Customer (
ID INT PRIMARY KEY,
First_Name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Last_Name VARCHAR(20),
City VARCHAR(20) );
Output:

(B):
1.
INSERT INTO Customer (ID,First_Name, Last_Name, City) VALUES
(1020 , "Aditya" , "Kumar" , "Dehradun"),
(1021 , "Rahul" , "Raj" , "Delhi"),
(1022 , "Rani" , "Singh" , "Mumbai"),
(1023 , "John" , "Abhrahim" , "Dehradun"),
(1024 , "Reena" , "Kumari" , "Mumbai");
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

2.
SELECT * FROM Customer WHERE First_Name = "John" AND Last_Name =
"Abhrahim";
Output:

3.
ALTER TABLE Customer ADD COLUMN Gender VARCHAR(20);
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

4.
UPDATE Customer SET Gender = 'Male' WHERE ID IN (1020, 1021 , 1023);
UPDATE Customer SET Gender = 'Female' WHERE ID IN (1022, 1024);
Output:

5.
SELECT Gender , COUNT(*) AS GenderCount FROM Customer GROUP BY
Gender;
Output:

6.
ALTER TABLE Customer DROP PRIMARY KEY;
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

7.
ALTER TABLE Customer CHANGE COLUMN ID Customer_ID INT;
Output:

8.
INSERT INTO Customer VALUES (1025 , 'Kareena' , 'Singh' , 'Mumbai' ,
'Female');
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

9.
DELETE FROM Customer WHERE Customer_ID = 1023;
Output:

10.
SELECT First_Name FROM Customer WHERE City = 'Dehradun';
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

MODULE 4.
(A)
1.
DECLARE
v_sql VARCHAR2(1000);
BEGIN
v_sql := 'CREATE TABLE student (
std_id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
std_name VARCHAR2(50),
subject VARCHAR2(50),
city VARCHAR2(50)
)';

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE v_sql;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Table STUDENT created successfully.');

END;
/
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

2.
DECLARE
BEGIN
INSERT INTO student (std_id, std_name, subject, city)
VALUES (1, 'John Doe', 'Math', 'New York');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Data inserted into the STUDENT table successfully.');
END;
/
Output:

3.
DECLARE
BEGIN
INSERT INTO student (std_id, std_name, subject, city)
VALUES (2, ‘Bobbi', 'C++', 'Delhi');

INSERT INTO student (std_id, std_name, subject, city)

VALUES (3, 'Dipti', ‘C', 'Mumbai');

INSERT INTO student (std_id, std_name, subject, city)

VALUES (4, 'Bob', 'Python', 'Goa');

INSERT INTO student (std_id, std_name, subject, city)

VALUES (5, 'Tia', 'Toc', 'Haridwar');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Data inserted into the STUDENT table successfully.');
END;
/
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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

Output:

4.
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER copy
BEFORE INSERT ON student
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
NULL;
END;
/
Output;

5.
CREATE TABLE backup AS SELECT * FROM student WHERE 1 = 0;

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

Output:

6.
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER back_trigger
BEFORE DELETE ON student
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
BEGIN
INSERT INTO backup VALUES (:OLD.std_id, :OLD.std_name,
:OLD.subject, :OLD.city);
END;
/
Output:

7.
BEGIN
DELETE FROM student WHERE std_id = 1;
END;
/

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

Output:

Select * from backup;

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

MODULE 5.
1.
DECLARE
V_SQL VARCHAR2(1000);
BEGIN
V_SQL := 'CREATE TABLE Employee(
emp_id NUMBER,
emp_name VARCHAR2(50),
emp_salary NUMBER,
emp_city VARCHAR2(50)
)';

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE V_SQL;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('TABLE EMPLOYEE CREATED SUCCESSFULLY');

END;
Output:

2.
DECLARE
BEGIN

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

INSERT INTO Employee (emp_id,emp_name,emp_salary,emp_city)

VALUES (1,'Raju',30000,'Dehradun');

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Data inserted into the EMPLOYEE table

successfully.')

END;
Output:

3.
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER xyz
BEFORE INSERT ON Employee
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN

:NEW.emp_salary := :NEW.emp_salary + 5000;

END;
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

4.
DECLARE
BEGIN

INSERT INTO Employee(emp_id,emp_name ,emp_salary,emp_city)

VALUES (2,'Kritvik' , 45000,'Dehradun');

INSERT INTO Employee(emp_id,emp_name ,emp_salary,emp_city)

VALUES (3,'Ayush', 66000,'Delhi');

INSERT INTO Employee(emp_id,emp_name ,emp_salary,emp_city)

VALUES (4,'Riya' , 51000,'Mumbai');
END;
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

MODULE 6.
CREATE TABLE sales (
sale_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
product_name VARCHAR(50),
sale_amount DECIMAL(10, 2),
sale_date DATE
);
INSERT INTO sales VALUES (1, 'ProductA', 100.50, '2023-01-15');
INSERT INTO sales VALUES (2, 'ProductB', 150.75, '2023-01-18');
INSERT INTO sales VALUES (3, 'ProductA', 120.00, '2023-02-01');
INSERT INTO sales VALUES (4, 'ProductC', 80.25, '2023-02-05');
INSERT INTO sales VALUES (5, 'ProductB', 200.00, '2023-02-10');

1. Select
Used to select columns from one or more tables.
SELECT sale_id, product_name, sale_amount FROM sales;
Output:

2. FROM
Specifies the table or tables from which to retrieve data.
SELECT * FROM sales;
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

3. WHERE
Filters the rows based on a specified condition.
SELECT * FROM sales WHERE sale_amount > 100.00;
Output:

4. GROUP BY
Groups rows that have the same values in specified columns into summary rows.
SELECT product_name , COUNT(*) as total_sales FROM sales GROUP BY
product_name;
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

5. HAVING
Filters the results of a GROUP BY clause based on a specified condition.
SELECT product_name , COUNT(*) as total_sales FROM sales GROUP BY
product_name HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;
Output:

6. ORDER BY
Sorts the result set in ascending or descending order based on one or more columns.
SELECT * FROM sales ORDER BY sale_amount DESC;
Output:

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

MODULE 7.
THETA JOIN
CREATE TABLE table1 (
id INT,
name VARCHAR(50),
value INT
);
CREATE TABLE table2 (
id INT,
description VARCHAR(50),
value INT
);
INSERT INTO table1 (id, name, value) VALUES (1, 'John', 10);
INSERT INTO table1 (id, name, value) VALUES (2, 'Jane', 20);
INSERT INTO table2 (id, description, value) VALUES (101, 'Description 1', 10);
INSERT INTO table2 (id, description, value) VALUES (102, 'Description 2', 30);
select * from table1 , table2;
Output:

SELECT * FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON table1.value < table2.value;

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

NATURAL JOIN
CREATE TABLE table3 (
id INT,
name VARCHAR(50),
age INT
);
CREATE TABLE table4 (
id INT,
city VARCHAR(50),
age INT
);
INSERT INTO table3 (id, name, age) VALUES (1, 'John', 25);
INSERT INTO table3 (id, name, age) VALUES (2, 'Jane', 30);
INSERT INTO table4 (id, city, age) VALUES (1, 'New York', 25);
INSERT INTO table4 (id, city, age) VALUES (2, 'Los Angeles', 35);
Output:
SELECT * FROM table3 ,table4;

SELECT * FROM table3 NATURAL JOIN table4;

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

RIGHT JOIN AND LEFT

CREATE TABLE employees(
emp_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
emp_name VARCHAR(50),
dep_id INT,
FOREGIN KEY (dep_id) REFERENCES departments(dep_id)
);
CREATE TABLE employees(
emp_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
emp_name VARCHAR(50),
dep_id INT,FOREIGN KEY (dep_id) REFERENCES departments(dep_id)
);
INSERT INTO departments VALUES (1, 'HR');
INSERT INTO departments VALUES (2, 'IT');
INSERT INTO departments VALUES (3, 'Finance');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES (101, 'John', 1);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES (102, 'Jane', 1);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES (103, 'Bob', 2);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES (104, 'Alice', 3);
Output:
SELECT * FROM departments RIGHT JOIN employees ON departments.dep_id =
employees.dep_id;

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 DBMS LAB (PCS 503)

SELECT * FROM departments LEFT JOIN employees ON departments.dep_id =

employees.dep_id;

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