2018 Raytheon MATHCOUNTS National Competition

Monday May 14, 2018 - Washington, DC

Rank Student State Grade Rank Student State Grade

1 Robitaille, Luke TX 8 29 Ganesan, Vishwath NV 8
2 Cai, Andrew TX 8 30 Camacho, James UT 8
S Yuan, Daniel MD 8 31 Cong, Kevin NJ 8
S Xia, Daniel NJ 8 31 Wang, Mason NJ 8
Q Wan, Jessica PR 6 33 Vedula, Karthik FL 7
Q Chen, Alan PA 8 34 Pingali, Sanjula UT 8
Q Singer, Easton OH 8 35 Camacho, Joseph UT 8
Q Chen, William CA 7 36 Sun, Maxwell NY 8
P Whyte, Jaedon FL 8 37 Lam, Clarence MD 8
P Wang, Samuel VA 7 38 Xu, Max MA 7
P Albright, Jack CA 8 39 Mai, Daniel MA 7
P Choi, Reagan MI 8 40 Pan, Justin AL 7
13 Zhou, Ethan VA 7 41 Goodman, Samuel NV 8
14 Yang, Eric NJ 8 42 Bender, William MO 8
15 Lin, Jeff MA 7 43 Liu, Peter PA 8
16 David, Jacob TX 8 44 Lee, Ryan SS 8
17 Ganesh, Rithvik TX 8 45 Chandna, Aaryan MI 8
18 Power, Sean MD 8 46 Zhang, Grant IL 8
19 Pathak, Atharva FL 8 47 Gabrielsen, Thor ME 8
20 Shi, James AL 8 48 Fletcher, Wesley SC 8
21 Wang, Anthony CO 8 49 Chen, Samuel MO 8
22 Liu, Wilson WA 7 50 Ferguson, Michael NC 8
23 Liu, Jack IN 8 51 Ackaramongkolrotn, Athiwat GA 6
24 Gu, Andrew CA 8 52 Fang, Jeffrey OR 8
25 Parthasarathy, Rishab CA 8 53 Putalapattu, Pravalika VA 8
26 Yang, Gene WA 7 54 Xie, Alan OH 8
27 Kappler, Alan OR 7 55 Zhang, George TN 8
28 Zhong, Rowechen NY 8 56 Xie, Henry IL 8

Rank Team Rank Team

1 Texas 13 Illinois
2 California 14 Georgia
3 New Jersey 15 Oregon
4 Maryland 16 Alabama
5 Florida 17 Indiana
6 Massachusetts 18 Washington
7 Michigan 19 New York
8 Nevada 20 Connecticut
9 Utah 21 Pennsylvania
10 Missouri 22 Tennessee
11 Ohio 23 Minnesota
12 Virginia

Written Competition Champion - Luke Robitaille, Texas

Written Competition Runner-Up - Andrew Cai, Texas

S - Semifinalist; Q - Quarterfinalist; P - Countdown Round Participant

 2018
National Competition
Answer Key

The appropriate units (or their abbreviations) are provided

in the answer blanks.
Note to coordinators: Answers to the Tiebreaker Round
problems appear in the Tiebreaker Round Booklet.

NATIONAL SPONSORS
Raytheon Company
Northrop Grumman Foundation
U.S. Department of Defense
National Society of Professional Engineers
CNA Insurance
Phillips 66
Texas Instruments Incorporated
3Mgives
2018 MATHCOUNTS Art of Problem Solving
National Competition Sponsor NextThought

FOUNDING SPONSORS: National Society of Professional Engineers, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and CNA Foundation

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved.

04-N18ANS
Sprint Round Answers

1. 480 minutes 11. 3 units2 21. 80

2. 10 base three 12. 6 cookies 22. 12

1 9
3. 20 13. 23.
2018 10
1 19 128
4. 14. 24. units2
3 144 7
1
5. 872 15. 25.
30
6. 16. 4 2 inches 26. 324 base nine
1 1 1
7. 17. 27.
3 9 6
8. 6 18. 72 assignments 28. in eger

9. 19. 176 cm2 29. 39 cm

4 91 5
10. 20. 30.
15 128 11

Target Round Answers

3
1. 3. 6 5. 176 7. 42 numbers
2
2. 16 4. 21 negative integers 6. 8. 39 cm

Team Round Answers

1. 13 6. 148,000 km

2. 14 7. 20:43:18
13
3. 474 droubles 8.
16
4. 28.4 percent 9. 28
305
5. 60 10.
1001

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Answer Key
 2018
National Competition
Sprint Round
Problems 1−30

DO NOT BEGIN UNTIL YOU ARE INSTRUCTED TO DO SO.

This section of the competition consists of 30 problems. You will have 40 minutes to
complete all the problems. You are not allowed to use calculators, books or other aids
during this round. If you are wearing a calculator wrist watch, please give it to your
proctor now. Calculations may be done on scratch paper. All answers must be complete,
legible and simplified to lowest terms. Record only final answers in the blanks in the
left-hand column of the competition booklet. If you complete the problems before time is
called, use the remaining time to checkk your answers.

In each written round of the competition, the required unit for the answer is included in
the answer blank. The plural form of the unit is always used, even if the answer appears
to require the singular form of the unit. The unit provided in the answer blank is the only
form of the answer that will be accepted.

NATIONAL SPONSORS
Raytheon Company
Northrop Grumman Foundation
U.S. Department of Defense
National Society of Professional Engineers
CNA Insurance
Phillips 66
Texas Instruments Incorporated
3Mgives
2018 MATHCOUNTS Art of Problem Solving
National Competition Sponsor NextThought

FOUNDING SPONSORS: National Society of Professional Engineers, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and CNA Foundation

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved.

04-N18SPR
in e ana an a ea in in e en er a e nger r ing
ge er, any in e e i a e e a e

ae a i e ea ii e igi ae ree in eger a i n i ii e y

ree re y r an er in a e ree

an P are n n er rea n er a e P P an
4 P i e a P , a i e a e P
5

A F B
n are , n ere, in F i n i e a
FF , an in i n i e a
a i e ra i e area riang e F e area
G en ag n F re y r an er a a n ra i n
D C

A PI
n e n, ea e er an r a ifferen n n er igi A PI
a i e ree igi n er A PI
+ A PI
I KA

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Sprint Round
 e ree ine , an a a in er e a ne
in , a i e a e a

i e an ay a ga e a egin i i ing a air in i e e in

an ea n i , in e in an ea n ny ne
i , i e in e in an ai n i , ey i re i e,
an i r e n in e n i ere i a inner a i e r a iiy a
in e ga e re y r an er a a n ra i n

e r an r er a ge e ri e en e are an , re e i e y
a i e ge e ri ean e e n an ir er

e ean, e ian an ni e e a i e en i i e in eger are a

e a a i e grea e i e range e i

a i e r a i i y a a ran y en i i e in eger a r ,
i n i i i e y any er e are grea er an re y r an er a a
n ra i n

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Sprint Round
11. _____________
units2 The graph of the line 2x + 3y = 8 intersects the x-axis at A and intersects the
y-axis at B. Points A, B and O(0, 0) form right triangle ABO. If triangle ABO
3
i iae a e rigin y a a e a r , what is the area of dilated
4
riang e

12. _____________
cookies Rudy has a basket of perfectly cylindrical cookies of varying sizes. He has seven
cookies of radius 3 inches, eight cookies of radius 2 inches and seven cookies
of radius 1 inch. All cookies are 0.25 inch thick. Rudy splits the cookies into
3 groups such that each group’s cookies have the same total volume. If all the
cookies remain whole, what is the fewest possible number of cookies in any
group?

13. _____________ What common fraction is equivalent to the sum shown?

1 1 1
+ +
2018 + 1 2018 + 2018 + 1 2018 + 2(2018 ) + 2(2018 2 ) + 2018
2 4 3

14. _____________ Jenny rolls four standard six-sided dice, each with faces numbered one through
six. What is the probability that there is at least one pair of dice whose top faces
sum to 12? Express your answer as a common fraction.

15. _____________ The faces of two cubes are painted so that the colors of the six faces on each
cube are red, orange, yellow, green, blue and violet, in some random order. What
is the probability that the two cubes can be rotated so that their colorings are
identical? Express your answer as a common fraction.

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Sprint Round
in e e ae e rig e ag na ri n are reg ar e ag n i i e
eng in e a e iag na an F in er e a B C
a rig ang e a i e eng e ge re y r
A
D
an er in i e ra i a r F E
A′ D′
F′ E′

n a ar ga e, ra ra ar a ran , i re a e en , r a e
ar en y e ar are n ere r g , an e er ar
i ar e J er ra ee a e ar e ra e re e ra e
J er a i e r a i i y a e ar ra ee in ee a y r
ri e n ere ar re y r an er a a n ra i n

a ign any a ign en igi , , an e i a e r igi

en n er an are i ii e y

B A
R
n e g re, i a are i area i e
i in i e i e i in eg en i
Q S e i in eg en i e i in eg en
T i e i in eg en i a e in er e i n
eg en an a i e area a ri a era
C P D

ane a e a air in eig i e e in an ea , e e

e er e e in an ai , e e e er n r a i e
r a i i y a ane a en a i an e a e er a ay r er
ar ing ii n re y r an er a a n ra i n

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Sprint Round
 319 + 219
21. _____________ What is the greatest integer that is less than or equal to ?
315 + 215

22. _____________ The polynomials x + 5x x + 180 and x + 8x x + 144 share a common

factor of the form x + a. What is the value of a?

23. _____________ Xena and Yolanda toss an unfair coin that lands heads up 75% of the time. If
the coin lands heads up, Xena gets a point. Otherwise, Yolanda gets a point. The
game ends when one player has a two-point lead over the other, and the player
with the two-point lead is the winner. What is the probability that Xena wins the
game? Express your answer as a common fraction.

24. _____________
units2 The g re i e e rig riang e i ni
Triangle ABD is constructed within triangle ABC with vertex D on side AC
and AD = 4 units. Point E is drawn on side AB to form isosceles right triangle
ADE. A series of isosceles right triangles is constructed within triangle ABD,
such that the hypotenuse of each lies on side AB, the 90-degree vertex of each
lies on segment BD, and each shares a vertex with the preceding
C
triangle in the series, as shown. What is the combined area of
the series of isosceles right triangles within triangle ABD?
Express your answer as a common fraction. 16
D F
4
A B
E G

25. _____________ If a1, a2, a3, a4, a5 is an increasing geometric sequence of real numbers such that
a3 = 1 and a1 + a5 = 10, then the value of a4 can be expressed in simplest radical
form as a + b . What is the value of a + b?

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Sprint Round
 ae e ra i na n er ne e en an e ri en a a re ea ing a e en e i a
nine a 142857 e a e ra i na n er an e ri en a a re ea ing e i a
in a e nine a i e , in a e nine, e r n re igi e rig
e e i a in

n e i a era riang e i i i e in ngr en e i a era

riang e , a i are a e , an in ie a a er e a
n a ran ine a ing r g in i ra n, a i
P e r a i i y a e ine i i e e a a e area e a y
in a re y r an er a a n ra i n

in eger any i igi i i e in eger n aining i i in n n er igi are

i ii e y

A B e e ra e i a ara e a e an
in i e in er e i n iag na an e eig
E 20 cm e ra e i i e area riang e i
ae an a e in eger eng i , a
i e a i e a e
D C

n e g re, ni , ni an ni
in ie n eg en i i e e riang e n
riang e y re e ing riang e a r a ine m, an en ran a ing e
i age in a ire i n ara e m Line m i i e riang e in regi n
a i e ra i e area e a er regi n e area e A
arger regi n re y r an er a a n ra i n
E
C B
D

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Sprint Round
 2018
National Competition
Target Round
Problems 1

Name

State

DO NOT BEGIN UNTIL YOU ARE INSTRUCTED TO

DO SO.
This section of the competition consists of eight problems, which will be
presented in pairs. Work on one pair of problems will be completed and
answers will be collected before the next pair is distributed. The time limit
for each pair of problems is six minutes. The first pair of problems is on the
other side of this sheet. When told to do so, turn the page over and begin
working. This round assumes the use of calculators, and calculations also
may be done on scratch paper, but no other aids are allowed. All answers
must be complete, legible and simplified to lowest terms. Record only final
answers in the blanks in the left-hand column of the problem sheets. If you
complete the problems before time is called, use the time remaining to
check your answers.

Total Correct Scorer’s Initials

NATIONAL SPONSORS
Raytheon Company
Northrop Grumman Foundation
U.S. Department of Defense
National Society of Professional Engineers
CNA Insurance
Phillips 66
Texas Instruments Incorporated
3Mgives
2018 MATHCOUNTS Art of Problem Solving
National Competition Sponsor NextThought

FOUNDING SPONSORS: National Society of Professional Engineers, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and CNA Foundation

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved.

04-N18TAR1
1. _______________ a i e e e ine n aining e in , a i er en i ar
the line 2x + 3y = 4? Express your answer as a common fraction.

2. _______________ A list contains 20 numbers. For each positive integer n from 1 to 20, the nth
1
number in the list is either n or 2n. If the mean of the numbers in the list is
2
exactly 12 and the product of the numbers is P, what is the greatest possible
P
value of ?
20 !

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Target Round
3. _____________ If p ⊕ q = p 2 + q 2 and p ⊖ q = p 2 − q 2, a i e a e
(1 ⊕ 2 ⊕ 3 ⊕ 4 ⊕ 5 ⊕ 6 ⊕ 7 ⊕ 9 ⊕ ⊖ (1 ⊕ 2 ⊕ 3 ⊕ 4 ⊕ 5 ⊕ 6 ⊕ 7 ⊕ 8 ⊕

4. _____________
negative en e e y e in, ea e in e e y e array n i n ain
integers an in eger a e e in eger in ea n ig y are
block of cells is positive. What is the greatest possible number of negative
integers in the array?

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Target Round
 ne ai n F , ea e er re re en a ifferen igi a i e
grea e i e a e e ree igi n er F

i ae a ran y e a rea n er w e een an a i e

r a i i y a e gra w an in er e a e a y
in re y r an er a a e i a e neare n re

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Target Round
n er -up num er i e ne a a i i e in eger a i i i i e y nei er n r
an e n a e r a any i igi any n er r
, in i e, are n er

ane a a er ir e ra i e en ra er en i ar
r ,a n, i ne a i an e r e en er an e er
r e en er e , ane e e ir e a ng e
r r an en e e i e e e ir e e rig a ng e
e n r e e ar in er e a a in , a n, a i e
i an e r e er e e rig ang e r e y e re
y r an er in i e ra i a r

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Target Round
 2018
National Competition
Team Round
Problems 1−10
State

Team
Members , Captain

DO NOT BEGIN UNTIL YOU ARE INSTRUCTED TO

DO SO.
This section of the competition consists of 10 problems which the team
has 20 minutes to complete. Team members may work together in any
way to solve the problems. Team members may talk to each other during
this section of the competition. This round assumes the use of calculators,
and calculations also may be done on scratch paper, but no other aids are
allowed. All answers must be complete, legible and simplified to lowest
terms. The team captain must record the team’s official answers on his/her
own competition booklet, which is the only booklet that will be scored. If the
team completes the problems before time is called, use the remaining time to
check your answers.

Total Correct Scorer’s Initials

NATIONAL SPONSORS
Raytheon Company
Northrop Grumman Foundation
U.S. Department of Defense
National Society of Professional Engineers
CNA Insurance
Phillips 66
Texas Instruments Incorporated
3Mgives
2018 MATHCOUNTS Art of Problem Solving
National Competition Sponsor NextThought

FOUNDING SPONSORS: National Society of Professional Engineers, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and CNA Foundation

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved.

04-N18TEA
1. _____________ A set of six positive integers has unique mode 4, median 5 and mean 6. What is
the maximum possible value for the range of the six integers?

2. _____________ If a, b and c are positive integers such that a < b < c and abc = 90, what is the
least possible value of a + b + c?

3. _____________
droubles Captain Greenbeard’s treasure chest holds 100 grams of a mix of gold, silver
and bronze coins. The gold, silver and bronze coins each weigh 6 grams,
2 grams and 5 grams, respectively, and are worth 30 droubles, 8 droubles and
15 droubles, respectively. Greenbeard has at least one of each kind of coin. What
is the greatest possible total value, in droubles, of the coins in the chest?

4. _____________
percent In the g re e i ir e a e e a e en er, an ngr en ir e are
inscribed in the larger semicircle so that they are tangent to each other, to both
semicircles and to the diameter of the larger semicircle. What percent of the area
inside the larger semicircle is shaded? Express your answer to the nearest tenth.

5. _____________ n a ara e gra i er i e a , , , , , an , , e

distance between the two longest sides can be expressed as a common fraction
a b
in simplest radical form as . What is a + b + c?
c

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Team Round
 ar i a ere i a ra i e a e ar ere
e e en y er a ere a e ering ere e a y
i , a e e ra i e ere re y r an er a a
en er e neare an

na r ana g , ea an e a a n in ni r ra e,
i ea r ana g , e r an i geare e r g ne
e e re i n in r , e in e an
0 1
r an e n ere are e a y egree 21
22 23 2
3
a ar a i e r i e a er en e in e an 19
20 4
5
r an i i again e e a y egree a ar 18 6
17 7
re y r an er e neare e n , in r i e 16 8
15 9
r a F 14 13 12 11 10

08:12:00

ree ran in , , an are en n a ni ir e en ere a e

rigin ree re ir e are ra n ing , an a ia e er a i
e r a i i y a e rigin i a e in i e a ea ne re ir e re
y r an er a a n ra i n

a ia an ary nn ea ea e en n e i e i i e in eger
ey ea e e grea e n a r ea air i in n er
in eir e , a ea a a i n er Ci e a ia
grea e n a r , an i e ary nn grea e n
a r , a i e grea e i e a e C

na ey e e ar ga e, ayer ar e ga e in e ena y
r ing e a e n er n i e i re ire e a e r e ena y
, an i er, in y an i ey a e rn , in e r er na e , r ing a air
an ar i i e i e, a i e r a i i y a i er i e a ayer
e a e r e ena y re y r an er a a n ra i n

Copyright MATHCOUNTS, Inc. 2018. All rights reserved. 2018 National Team Round