COMPUTER SKILLS

C H A P T E R 35
Using the Internet:

Making the Most of the Web s Resources

BY GHANADIR & DANA
 Chapter Topics Chapter Topics
• History of the Internet (cont.)
• Forms of Internet communication
• Search engines
• Web entertainment
• Improving search results
• E-commerce
• Evaluating Web sites
• Web browsers
• Connecting to the Internet
• URLs
• Future of the Internet
• Hyperlinks

History of the Internet

• Developed for secure military communications
• Evolved from Advanced Research Projects
Agency Network (ARPANET)
• Funded by the U.S. government in the 1960s
• Enabled computers at leading universities and
research organizations to communicate with
each other
• Scientists were asked to come up with a solution to secure communications between
large computer centers in case of a nuclear attack. They responded by inventing packet
switching and routers. By taking data messages and breaking them into small packets,
each packet could be addressed and sent individually to a destination through a series
of routers. The routers would send each packet along the optimum path to the next
router, depending on tra c and availability. • The Internet is a network of networks
that utilizes a common communication protocol so that computers from di erent
manufacturers can communicate. •Today we can t imagine life without the Internet. It
is the way we communicate, shop, research, entertain, and express ourselves.
The Web vs. the Internet
• The Web is part of the Internet, distinguished by :
Common communication protocols
Hyperlinks

• 1989: Web invented by Tim Berners-Lee

• 1993: Mosaic browser released
• 1994: Netscape Navigator marked beginning of
the Web s major growth

• What distinguishes the Web from the rest of the Internet is its use of:
•Common communication protocols enabling di erent computers to talk to teach other
and display information.
•Special links (called hyperlinks) enabling users to jump from one place to another on
the Web.
•The Web was invented long after the Internet, in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in
Switzerland.
•In 1993, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) released the
Mosaic browser.
•Netscape Navigator heralded the beginning of the Web s monumental growth.

Internet Communications
• E-mail
• Instant messaging
• Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
• Group communication
Forms of Internet-based communication include:
•E-mail
•Instant messaging
•Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
•Group communication such as chat rooms,
newsgroups, listservs, and social networks
 E -Mail
• Electronic mail
• Asynchronous communication
• Types of e-mail accounts :

Client-based Web-based
• Not private
Can be printed or forwarded
Employer can monitor
•E-mail is short for electronic mail and has quickly caught on as the primary method of electronic
communication because it s fast and convenient and it reduces postage and long-distance phone call expenses.
•With e-mail, the sender and receiver don t have to be available at the same time to communicate.
•Some e-mail accounts are client-based and use programs such as Microsoft Outlook. Client- based systems are
normally tied to a local Internet service provider (ISP) and use that domain for an address. If a user changes
ISPs, his or her e-mail address changes. •Web-based e-mail, on the other hand, nds the messages at a host site
received by and stored on a mail server and can be accessed from anywhere. A Web-based e-mail address will
stay the same no matter what ISP is used. Free e-mail accounts such as Yahoo! or Hotmail use Web-based e-mail
clients.
•Be careful what you say in an e-mail message because it might come back to haunt you.

Instant Messaging
• Real-time, text-based conversations
• Personal and business uses
• List of contacts: buddy list
• IM software detects members presence
• Example: AOL Instant Messenger
•Instant messaging (IM) uses real-time text-based conversations, similar to chat rooms.
•IM isn t just for casual conversations between friends and family, as more and more businesses are
using it for communications between co-workers.
•Users set up a list of contacts, often called a buddy list.
•IM software detects the presence of members who are online.
•Examples include:
•AOL Instant Messenger •Yahoo! Messenger •Windows Live Messenger

•Many of the popular IM services are proprietary, but universal chat services are now available to allow
users to communicate no matter which service they use.
Voice over Internet Protocol
• VoIP: Using the Internet to place phone
• Uses technology similar to e-mail to send voice data digitally
• Requires speakers, a microphone, an Internet connection, and a
VoIP provider
• VoIP turns the Internet into a means for placing phone calls.
•VoIP uses a protocol similar to e-mail to send voice data. Voice is digitized as an alternative to
analog phone lines.
•VoIP minimally requires
-Speakers
-A microphone
-An Internet connection
-A VoIP provider

• VoIP services di er:

Free services require

Paid services connect
an account on both
phone to computer
ends

Wi-Fi IP phones call

Cable/DSL providers
through Internet
o er phone through
hotspots
broadband
and wireless networks

• VoIP services di er.

•Free services like Skype require an account on both ends.
•Paid services like Vonage connect your regular phone to your computer through a special adapter.
•Cable and DSL providers o er telephone service through their existing broadband account.
•Wi-Fi IP phones allow calls through Internet hotspots and wireless networks.
Voice over Internet Protocol

Advantages Disadvantages

• Free or low cost • Lower sound quality

• Portability • Less reliability
• Convenience • Loss of service when
power is interrupted
• Security issues

Vo IP has become very popular due to its a ordability, portability, and convenience. However, it does have
some disadvantages compared to traditional phone lines:
• Sound quality varies based on available bandwidth.
•The very nature of Internet transmission can cause reliability problems during a call.
•When the power (electricity) is out, service is lost and calls cannot be placed.
•If proper security and encryption are not used in the transmission process, calls can easily be monitored.

Group Communication
There are many ways you can interact with a wide
variety of people online :

Chat Newsgroups Listservs Blogs Wikis Podcasts Social

rooms and and networks
vlogs webcasts
Chat Rooms
• Real-time, text-based conversations
• Rooms can focus on speci c topics or
interests or be general interest
• Identity protection
‒ Username can allow anonymous interaction
• Netiquette: rules of polite interaction
• A chat room is an area on the Web where many people come together to communicate online. The
conversations are in real time and are visible to everyone in the chat room.
• Chat rooms are sometimes theme oriented and sometimes not.
•There is no chance for editing out outlandish or o ensive opinions or language.
•People in chat rooms choose an identity and therefore are anonymous.
•General rules of etiquette (netiquette) include introducing yourself when you enter the room;
speci cally addressing the person you are talking to; and refraining from swearing, name calling, and
using explicit or prejudiced language. Users cannot repeatedly post the same text and should not type
in all capital letters.

Newsgroups and Listservs

• Newsgroups
‒ Online discussion forums
‒ Members post and reply to messages
‒ Create or respond to threads
• Listservs
‒ Electronic mailing lists of people interested in a topic
‒ Threads are sent as e-mails
‒ Less public than newsgroups
• Newsgroups are sometimes called threaded discussions or discussion groups. Built around topics or
interests, participants read entries from other participants and respond, with each respondent adding
something new to the discussion, creating a thread. A participant can also start a new thread. Unlike
chat rooms, threaded discussions don t rely on instant responses, but on a more thought-out written
response. In distance education classes, threaded discussions are often required and serve as the class
participation component of a course.
•Listservs are similar to newsgroups except that the threads are sent out as e-mails, with each
participant in the thread receiving each new posting. They are less public than newsgroups.
 Web 2.0
• Web interactions between people, software, and data
• Social web where the user is also a participant
• New applications that combine the functions of multiple
applications
• Use of the Web has evolved to emphasize online sharing and collaboration.
•Web 2.0 is a new wave of Web interactions between people, software, and data. It is classi ed as
the social Web in which the user is also a participant. Additionally, Web 2.0 describes a trend of
new applications that combine the functionality of multiple applications.
•Examples include blogs, wikis, podcasts, and social networking sites

Blogs and Vlogs

• Personal journals posted on the Web • Weblogs: blogs
‒ Primarily text-based
‒ Simple to create, read, and manage
‒ Entries listed on a single page, with most recent
entry at the top ‒ Searchable
• Video logs: vlogs
‒ Digital video clips playable on media player software
• Weblogs, or blogs, are a way for anyone to post their thoughts for public viewing. They are personal logs,
or journal entries, posted on the Web.
•The beauty of blogs is that they are simple to create, manage, and read. Traditionally blogs are text-based
and are written by one author, arranged as a listing of entries on a single page, with the most recent entry
located at the top of the list. •Blogging is easy and free. Many blogs are personal logs but some focus on
speci c topics. Blogs are public and their content is searchable.
•Video logs, or vlogs, are personal journals that use video as the main form of expression. You can play
vlogs on your personal computer and mobile devices.

Wikis
• Wikis: Web sites that allow anyone to change their content
Wikis a source for collaborative writing
‒ Provide
‒ Eliminate exchanging e-mails
‒ Track revisions
• A wiki is a type of Web site that allows anyone visiting the site to change its content by
adding, removing, or editing the content. •Wikis provide an excellent source for collaborative
writing by eliminating the need to send e-mails back and forth. •A history of all changes is kept
so a previous version can be easily accessed if desired.
Podcasts
• Podcasts: Compressed audio or video les distributed on the
Internet
• Really Simple Syndication (RSS) technology allows constant
updates for subscribers
• Podcasts are all over the Web
‒ Need aggregator software to gather podcasts
‒ Need media player software to play them
• Simple to create
• Podcasts use compressed audio and video les to distribute content on the Internet using RSS technology.
•Really Simple Syndication (RSS) technology allows for constant, automatic updates of Web pages.
•Podcasts are found all over the Web.
•They require aggregator software to gather the podcasts and media player software to listen to them.
•Podcast creation is an easy process.

Webcasts
• Webcasts: Broadcasts of audio or video
content over the Internet
‒ Often live
‒ Delivered to your computer
‒ Use streaming media
• Webcasts are broadcasts of mostly live audio or video les on the Internet.
•Webcasts use streaming media technology to deliver content to many simultaneous viewers.

Social Networks
• Online personal and business networks
‒ Examples include Facebook , MySpace, and LinkedIn
• Members share common interests
• Members communicate by voice, chat, IM,
videoconference, and blogs
• Growth has been explosive
• Social networking sites like Facebook, MySpace, and LinkedIn have become immensely popular.
•These sites are easy places for members to hang out, meet new people, and share common interests.
•They provide a way for members to communicate with their friends and business associates by voice,
chat, IM, videoconference, and blogs.
•Growth of participation in these sites has been explosive.
Online Storage and Backup
• Anytime, anywhere access via Internet
• Preserves and protects valuable les
• Examples:
‒ Carbonite Online PCBackup
‒ Idrive
‒ MozyHome Online Backup
• Online storage is an alternative to portable storage devices such as ash drives and external hard drives.
Your data can be accessed anywhere that Internet access is available.
•You can back up sensitive or essential les as well. Your information is stored online in a secure, remote
location so it is less vulnerable to potential disasters.
•Some services o er free, limited online storage. Others o er unlimited space for a fee.

Web Entertainment
• Multimedia
‒ Involves forms of media and text
• Graphics • Audio • Video
‒ Streaming audio and video
• Games
‒ Multiplayer online games
‒ Interact with other players
• Multimedia is anything that involves one or more forms of media in addition
to text.
• All kinds of multimedia are available on the Web. You can download music
les, video les, and even movies.
• Streaming audio and video can deliver on-demand pictures and sounds.
Sites like CNN.com o er clips from their broadcasts.
• Some les require a plug-in program like RealPlayer. In recent versions of
Windows, Microsoft s MediaPlayer is built in and automatically loads when a
music le is selected.
•There are many multiplayer online games in which play occurs among hundreds or thousands of other
players over the Internet.
•You can interact with other players around the world in a meaningful context by trading, chatting, or playing
cooperative or combative mini-games.
E -Commerce
• E-Commerce: conducting business online
‒ Business-to-consumer (B2C)
‒ Business-to-business (B2B)
‒ Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)
• E-commerce grows in importance every day, with billions of dollars worth of transactions.
•In business-to-consumer or B2C transactions, such as Amazon.com, the end buyer purchases goods or
services over the Internet.
•In business-to-business or B2B transactions, businesses sell to one another.
•In consumer-to-consumer or C2C transactions, like ebay.com, consumers sell to one another.

Secure Web Sites

• Display:
‒ VeriSign seal
‒ Closed padlock or key icon
• URL changes from
http:// to https://
• Businesses hire security companies such as VeriSign to certify that their online transactions are secure.
Thus, if a Web site displays the VeriSign seal, you can usually trust that the information you submit to the site
is protected.
• Another indication that a Web site is secure is the appearance in your browser of a small icon of a closed
padlock (Internet Explorer) or key (Netscape).
•Additionally, the beginning of the URL of the site changes from http:// to https://, the s standing for secure.

Online Shopping Guidelines

• Shop at well-known, reputable sites
• Pay by credit card, not debit card
• Check the return policy
To shop safely online, follow these guidelines: • Shopping at well-known, reputable
sites helps ensure a safe shopping experience. If you are not familiar with a site, check
it out with the Better Business Bureau, and also make sure that the company has a
phone number and street address before ordering. •Debit cards do not have the same
level of protection as credit cards under U.S. federal consumer credit card protection
laws. Use a card with a small limit, or consider using a prepaid credit card. •Check and
print out the return policy. You might need it when ling a complaint to prove what the
policy showed at the time of your order. Web sites can be changed easily and rapidly
and can also be shut down overnight.
Web Browsers
• A Web browser is software installed on your
• Computer software computer system that allows you to locate, view, and
• Graphical navigate the Web.
•Web browsers are graphical, meaning they can
• Enables Web navigation display pictures (graphics) in addition to text, as well
• Popular browsers: as other forms of multimedia, such as sound and
video.
‒ Microsoft Internet Explorer • Although Microsoft Internet Explorer is the most
used Web browser, there are other browsers
‒ Mozilla Firefox available, such as Mozilla Firefox and Google
‒ Apple Safari Chrome. Because Microsoft products are the main
targets for virus writers, an alternative browser might
‒ Google Chrome be less vulnerable.

Browser Features
• Quick tabs: Show thumbnail images of all open Web pages in open tabs
• Tabbed browsing: Multiple pages available in the same browser window
• Built-in search engine(s)
• Internet Explorer 7 has a much more streamlined approach
than its predecessors. The browser s toolbars provide
convenient navigation and Web page management tools.
•Quick tabs show thumbnail images of all open Web pages in
open tabs.
• With tabbed browsing, Web pages are loaded in tabs within
the same browser window. Rather than having to switch
between Web pages on several open windows, you can ip
between the tabs in one window.
•The browser also includes a built-in search box in which you
can designate your preferred default search engine.

URL s
URL: ‒ Uniform Resource Locator
‒ Unique Web site address

• A URL is a Web site s address. It is composed of several parts that help identify the
Web document it stands for. •The rst part of the URL indicates the set of rules (or the
protocol) used to retrieve the speci ed document. HTTP is most common. Another
popular protocol is FTP. •The protocol is generally followed by a colon, two forward
slashes, www (indicating World Wide Web), and then the domain name. The domain
name is also referred to as the host name. • At times, a forward slash and additional
text follow the domain name . The information after the slash indicates a particular le
or path (or subdirectory) within the Web site
Top-Level Domains

•The three-letter su x in the domain name (such as .com or .edu) is called the top-level domain. This
su x indicates the kind of organization the host is.
•The most used is the .com or commercial domain, which can be used by anyone.
•There are also domains for countries outside the United States. For instance, a Web site in Germany has
the extension .de, and in Italy it is .it.

Hyperlinks
• Once you ve reached a Web site, you can jump from one Web page to another within the Web site or to
another Web site altogether by clicking on specially coded text called hyperlinks.
•Generally, text that operates as a hyperlink appears in a di erent color (often blue) or is underlined.
Sometimes images also act as hyperlinks.
• When you pass your cursor over a hyperlink, the pointer turns from an arrow into a hand with the index
nger pointing.
• To retrace your steps, some sites also provide a breadcrumb list̶a list of pages within a Web site you ve
visited that usually appears at the top of a page. Additionally, the history list in your browser keeps track
of where you ve visited, organized by date.
Favorites and Bookmarks
• Allow you to return to Web pages
‒ Favorites (Internet Explorer and Safari)
‒ Bookmarks (Firefox and Google Chrome)
• Stay up to date
‒ Live bookmarks (Firefox)
• Organize and share
‒ Social bookmarking sites
• While browsing the Web, you might want to remember a site for future reference. Using
the Favorites or Bookmark feature, you can store the site s URL in a special folder on the
hard drive of your computer.
•Firefox o ers live bookmarks, which adds the technology of RSS feeds to bookmarking,
allowing updates to be delivered to you as soon as they are available.
•Social bookmarking sites such as delicious.com and digg.com allow you to tag and organize
Web sites and news content using your own keywords and share them with others.

Popular Search Sites

• You can search the Web using a search engine or a subject directory.
•A search engine is a set of programs that searches the Web for speci c keywords you wish to query and
then returns a list of the Web sites on which those keywords are found.
• A subject directory is a guide to the Internet organized by
topics and subtopics.
• The list on this slide gives alternatives to sites such as
Google, Yahoo!, and Ask.com.
Search Engines
• User keys word or phrase into search box
• Spider or Web crawler program scans Web
pages
• Results are indexed and sent to the client
• Di erent engines produce di erent hit lists
• Multimedia search functionality is also available
• Search engines have three parts. The rst part is a program called a spider, which collects data on the
Web.
•The second part is an indexer program that organizes the data into a large database.
•The third part is the search engine software, which searches the indexed data, pulling out relevant
information according to your search.
• You won t get the same results from each search engine as proprietary algorithms are used and the sites
they search di er.
•You can search for digital images and audio and video les, too.

Improve Search Results

• Place quotation marks around keywords
• Search within a speci c Web site
• Enter wildcard symbols
• Use the advanced search form
• To narrow search results to a list of relevant sites you can search for exact phrases by putting quotation
marks around keywords so the search engine returns sites where the words are contained in that exact order.
•You can search just a speci c Web site by typing in your keyword followed by site: and then the site s
URL.
•Wildcards are symbols used to replace a series of letters. The asterisk (*) is helpful when you re searching
for a keyword but are unsure of its spelling, or if a word can be spelled in di erent ways or contain di erent
endings. Some search engines let you use a question mark (?) or percent sign (%) to replace a single letter in
a word.

What Can You Borrow from the Web?

• Avoid:
‒ Plagiarism: Representing someone else s ideas or words as your own.
‒ Copyright violation: Using another person s material for your own
economic gain
• Properly credit information you quote or paraphrase
• Obtain written permission from copyright holder
• You cannot borrow information you obtain from the Internet including words, ideas, graphics, data, and
audio and video clips. This could be construed as plagiarism. Use quotation marks around all words you
borrow directly and credit your sources for any ideas you paraphrase or borrow.
• Copyright law assumes all original work (including online work) is copyrighted even if it does not display the
copyright symbol. Copyright violation is punishable by law. You need to seek and receive permission from the
copyright holder if you are using the other person s material for your own personal economic bene t, or if you
are taking away from the economic bene t of the originator. Work in the public domain is an exception to this
rule.

Evaluating Web Sites

• Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor?
• Is the site biased?
• Is the information current?
• Toward what audience is the site geared?
• Are links available?
Evaluating the content of a Web site is important. Before you believe what the site says or take action based
on the information presented, several questions need to be answered.
• Who exactly owns and operates the Web site?
•Are the opinions expressed on the site objective, or are they slanted toward one position or another? If it is
slanted, why is it slanted?
•Is the information up to date? How often is the site updated?
•Who is the site trying to reach with its message?
•Do the hyperlinks all work, or are some dead ends? Are the links appropriate?
•Like anything else, how well maintained a site is helps determine its believability.

Internet Clients and Servers

• The Internet is a client/server network
• Client computer:
‒ Users connected to the Internet
‒ Requests data and Web pages
• Server computer:
‒ Stores Web pages and data
‒ Returns the requested data to the client
• Internet backbone
• IP addresses
• The Internet is a huge client/server network. Thus, a computer connected to the Internet acts in one of two
ways: It is either a client, a computer that asks for data, or a server, a computer that receives the request and
returns the data to the client. • Data travels between clients and servers along pathways, the largest of which
is called the Internet backbone. • Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are the means by which all computers
connected to the Internet identify each other.
Connecting to the Internet
• Dial-up connections
• Broadband connections
‒ DSL • To take advantage of the resources the Internet o ers, you need a means
to connect your computer to it. Home users have several connection options.
‒ Cable •Originally, the only means to connect to the Internet was with a dial-up
connection where you connect to the Internet using a standard telephone
‒ FiOS
line.
‒ Satellite •However, other connection options, collectively called broadband
connections, o er faster means to connect to the Internet. Broadband
connections include DSL, cable, and satellite. A recent broadband service
available for home use is ber-optic service (FiOS).

Broadband Connections
• Cable
‒ Uses coaxial cable and a cable modem
‒ Fast connection speed
‒ Speed depends on number of users
‒ Not available in all areas
• Digital subscriber line (DSL)
‒ Uses telephone lines
‒ Faster than dial-up
‒ Doesn t tie up phone line
‒ Requires special DSL modem
‒ Not available in all areas
• Fiber-optic service (FiOS)
‒ Sends light through ber optic lines
‒ Faster than cable or DSL
‒ Expensive
‒ Available only in certain areas
• Satellite
‒ Uses satellite dish and coaxial cable
‒ Slower than cable or DSL
‒ Expensive
 • One type of broadband connection is cable Internet.
•Cable Internet uses coaxial cable and a cable modem.
•This always-on connection can be slowed by the number of users connected at any one
time, and it is not available in all areas.
• DSL uses a standard phone line to connect to the Internet. However, the line is split between digital and
voice, meaning that the digital signal does not have to be converted into sounds, and greater speeds can be
realized.
•Although the monthly fee is higher than that for dial-up, there is no need for a second phone line.
•DSL requires a special DSL modem.
•Not all areas of the United States have DSL. Also, to use DSL, your telephone connection must be within
fairly close proximity of a switching station.
• Fiber-optic Internet transmits data by sending light through optical bers. Because light travels so quickly,
this technology can bring an enormous amount of data to your home at superfast speeds. When the data
reaches your house, it s converted to electrical pulses that transmit digital signals your computer can read.
•The biggest advantage to ber-optic Internet is its speed.
•Cost might be the main disadvantage.
•Also, because ber-optic lines must be laid before service is available, the service is available only in
select areas.
• When other high-speed options are not available, satellite Internet is an option.
•A two-way satellite Internet connection is always on and is faster than dial-up; however, there is
a di erence between the upstream and downstream speeds.

Wireless Access
• Increases mobility and productivity
• Requires a Wi-Fi hotspot
• Requires either internal or external wireless access card for device
• Aircards provide wireless access through mobile devices when a
Wi-Fi hotspot is not available
• Connecting wirelessly increases mobility and productivity, as the user can access networks and
resources from more locations without having to have a wired connection.
•To connect wirelessly, a Wi-Fi (wireless delity) hotspot must be within range and the device (i.e.,
notebook, PDA, or cell phone) must have either an internal or an external Wi-Fi access card.
•Another expensive option available that s usually used when a Wi-Fi hotspot is not in range is an
aircard. Aircards provide access through cell phone towers and generally require a separate service
plan.
Dial-Up Connections
• Use standard telephone line
• Tie up phone line
• Require a modem to convert analog and digital signals
• Slowest connection speed (56 Kbps)
• Lowest cost
• A dial-up connection needs only a standard phone line and a modem. A dial-up modem is a device that
converts (modulates) the digital signals the computer understands to the analog signals that can travel over
phone lines. In turn, the computer on the other end must also have a modem to translate (demodulate) the
received analog signal back to a digital signal for the receiving computer to understand.
•Modern desktop computers generally come with internal modems. Notebooks use either internal modems or
PC cards that are inserted into a special slot on the notebook.
•Current modems have a maximum data transfer rate that is generally ve times slower than a broadband
connection.

Comparing Internet Connection Options

Internet connection costs vary widely, as does performance. One factor to

consider in choosing the right Internet connection is speed. The data
transfer rate, also informally referred to as the connection speed, is the
measurement of how fast data travels between computers.
Future of the Internet
• Large scale networking (LSN)
‒ Research and development of cutting-edge networking and wireless
technologies
• Internet2
‒ Project sponsored by universities, government, and industry to develop
new Internet technologies
‒ Internet2 backbone supports transmission speeds of 9.6 Gbps
The Internet will continue to have great in uence in the future. Greater bandwidth; wireless access; and the
amalgamation of telephone, TV, and Internet technologies will bring change and spur new, unforeseen
developments.
• The U.S. government sponsors research called the large scale networking (LSN) program, which funds cutting-
edge research in wireless and networking technologies.
•Another major e ort is Internet2, a cooperative research project of over 200 universities with government and
industry partners. A major thrust of their research is increased bandwidth for the whole Internet.

Future of the Internet

• Internet entrenched in daily life
• Web-based services for personal and professional interactions
• Internet-enabled appliances and systems
• The future Internet will assist us with day-to-day activities and tasks . The Internet is already integral to the
way we communicate, shop, research, entertain, and express ourselves. With increasing wireless accessibility,
we will become even more dependent on the Internet.
•More Web-based applications will continue to evolve.
•Internet-enabled appliances and household systems will become more a ordable and will allow your home to
run itself. For example, your refrigerator will monitor its contents and restock by placing online orders.
 THE END

COMPUTER SKILLS
THE END

BY GHANADIR & DANA