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A Project Report On Estimation of Direction of Arrival Using UNITARY ESPRIT

The document presents a project report on a technique called Unitary ESPRIT for estimating the direction of arrival of signals using sensor arrays. Unitary ESPRIT improves on previous ESPRIT algorithms by constraining the estimated phase factors to the unit circle, achieving more accurate results especially for correlated signals. It also reduces computational complexity by formulating computations in real values rather than complex. Simulations show Unitary ESPRIT provides better estimation accuracy than standard ESPRIT using fewer snapshots. The report reviews centro-Hermitian matrices and properties relevant to Unitary ESPRIT before comparing its performance to standard ESPRIT through computer simulations.

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53 views

A Project Report On Estimation of Direction of Arrival Using UNITARY ESPRIT

The document presents a project report on a technique called Unitary ESPRIT for estimating the direction of arrival of signals using sensor arrays. Unitary ESPRIT improves on previous ESPRIT algorithms by constraining the estimated phase factors to the unit circle, achieving more accurate results especially for correlated signals. It also reduces computational complexity by formulating computations in real values rather than complex. Simulations show Unitary ESPRIT provides better estimation accuracy than standard ESPRIT using fewer snapshots. The report reviews centro-Hermitian matrices and properties relevant to Unitary ESPRIT before comparing its performance to standard ESPRIT through computer simulations.

Uploaded by

avinashuttha
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A Project Report on Estimation of Direction of Arrival using UNITARY ESPRIT

Submitted by Karthik Jasthi K00243274 28th June, 2010

Abstract :
ESPRIT is a high-resolution signal parameter estimation technique based on the translational invariance structure of a sensor array. Previous ESPRIT algorithms do not use the fact that the operator representing the phase delays between the two subarrays is unitary. Here, we present a simple and efficient method to constrain the estimated phase factors to the unit circle, if centrosymmetric array configurations are used. Unitary ESPRIT, the resulting closed-form algorithm, has an ESPRIT like structure except for the fact that it is formulated in terms of real-valued computations throughout. Since the dimension of the matrices is not increased, this completely real-valued algorithm achieves a substantial reduction of the computational complexity. Furthermore, Unitary ESPRIT incorporates forward-backward averaging, leading to an improved performance compared to the standard ESPRIT algorithm, especially for correlated source signals. Simulations confirm that, even for uncorrelated signals, the standard ESPRIT algorithm needs twice the number of snapshots to achieve a precision comparable to that of Unitary ESPRIT. Thus, Unitary ESPRIT provides increased estimation accuracy with a reduced computational burden.

Introduction :
The recovery of signal parameters from noisy observations is a fundamental problem in (real-time) array signal processing. Due to their simplicity and high-resolution capability, ESPRIT-like subspace estimation schemes have been attracting considerable attention. Their parameter estimates are obtained by exploiting the rotational invariance structure of the signal subspace, induced by the translational invariance structure of the associated sensor array. This can be achieved without computation or search of any spectral measure. Unitary ESPRIT achieves even more accurate results than previous ESPRIT techniques by taking advantage of the unit magnitude property of the phase factors that represent the phase delays between the two subarrays. It has been shown in that constraining the phase factors to the unit circle can also give some improvement for correlated sources. For centro-symmetric sensor arrays with a translational invariance structure, Unitary ESPRIT provides a very simple and efficient solution to this task. Although Unitary ESPRIT effectively doubles the number of data samples, the computational complexity is reduced by transforming the required rank-revealing factorizations of complex matrices into decompositions of real-valued matrices of the same size. Thus, we obtain increased estimation accuracy with a reduced computational load. This reduction can be achieved by constructing invertible transformations that map centro-Hermitian matrices to real matrices.

With infinite precision, both strategies would be the same, whether eigen decompositions or singular value decompositions (SVDs) are used. Finite precision arithmetic, however, is employed in practical applications. In the presence of additive noise, the computation of an optimal signal subspace estimate requires an SVD or an eigenvalue decomposition (EVD), which is computationally expensive, since 0 ( M 3 ) operations are necessary to update the SVD or EVD if a new sample vector of dimension M arrives. Therefore, a number of alternative decomposition have been proposed to estimate the signal subspace in a computationally more efficient way. It starts with a review of the definition and basic properties of centro-Hermitian matrices. A new reliability test, which is a substantial improvement of current high-resolution array signal processing and spectral estimation techniques. Finally, computer simulations compare the performance of Unitary ESPRIT with that of the well-known standard ESPRIT algorithm.

Centro Hermitian Matrices :


Let us introduce our notation and review the definition and the basic properties of centro-Hermitian matrices column vectors and matrices are denoted by lower case and upper case boldfaced letters is the p x p exchange matrix with ones on its antidiagonal and zeros elsewhere.

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