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Module 1 Globalization

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Module 1 Globalization

Uploaded by

enokiroll
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Globalization

Introduction
Daily experiences (in globalization)

What are your day-to-day experiences that can be


classified as a result of globalization?
Daily experiences (in globalization)
• Choosing a language to learn
• Choosing what movie to watch (Hollywood or
local)
• Choosing which country to migrate in
• Buying imported products
• Choosing which food to buy (Asian, Indian,
Japanese, etc…)
What do we mean by Global?
• The expansive interconnectivity of localities
• Spanning local sites of everyday social, economic,
cultural, and political life
• A phenomenon but also an spatial attribute
• A global space or geography is a domain of
connectivity spanning distances and linking localities to
one another, which can be portrayed on maps by lines
indicating routes of movement, migration, translation,
communication, exchange, etc.
What is Globalization?
Can be described as:
• A process
• A condition
• A system
• A force
• An age
What is Globalization?
• The physical expansion of the geographical domain of
the global
• The increase in the scale and volume of global flows
• The increasing impact of global forces of all kinds on
local life
• Moments and forces of expansion mark the major
turning points and landmarks in the history of
globalization
What is Globalization?
The increasingly global relationships of culture, people,
and economic activity

It is generally used to refer to economic globalization:


• the global distribution of the production of goods and
services, through reduction of barriers to international
trade such as tariffs, export fees, and import quota.
Economic Globalization
It is generally used to refer to economic globalization:
• the global distribution of the production of goods and
services, through reduction of barriers to international
trade such as tariffs, export fees, and import quota.
• Closer integration of natinal economies through trade
and financial flows as well as cross-border migration of
people. (UNCTAD: United Nations Conference on Trade
and Development)
Economic Globalization
The four freedoms from EU (European Union)
Free movement of:
• goods or products
• Services
• Capital or investment
• Persons
Economic Globalization: free movement
Goods and products: It is facilitated by liberalization or
the abolition of tax on imported goods (tariff)
Economic Globalization: free movement
Capital or investment: deregulation or the lifting of
strict banking and financial regulations aimed at
encouraging investors to invest more and retain their
ability to pull out their investments at any time with
ease.
Economic Globalization: free movement
Persons: abolition of visa restrictions and barriers to
migration
What is Globalization?
Quite simply, it refers to the existence of free
exchange of goods, services, culture, and even
people, between and among countries
Globalization as a process …
Is the interaction and integration among the people,
companies, and governments of different nations, a
process driven by international
trade and investment and aided by information
technology.
Globalization as a process …
This process has effects on the environment,
on culture, on political systems, on economic
development and prosperity, and on human physical
well-being in societies around the world
Globalization at present
“farther, faster, cheaper, and deeper”

This current wave of globalization has been


driven by policies that have opened economies
domestically and internationally
Globalization at present
“farther, faster, cheaper, and deeper”

Free-market economic systems, vastly increasing


their own productive potential and creating
myriad new opportunities for international trade
and investment
International and Globalization distinction
Globalization –Encompasses processes and systems
related to “global social relations” or interactions
between international and/or transitional entities

Internationalization – processes and systems that


pertain to relationships between nation-states.
Nation-state - is one where the great majority are
conscious of a common identity and share the same
culture.

an area where the cultural boundaries match up with


the political boundaries. The ideal of 'nation-state' is
that the state incorporates people of a single ethnic
stock and cultural traditions
Examples
International:
• Cultural ties and economic trade between members of ASEAN or
the members of EU
• UK’s exit from the EU is a failure of internationalization

Globalization:
• Interactions between entities of the ASEAN and the EU are global
• Programs and concerns of international agencies like UNESCO
(ASEAN & EU) constitute one big aspect of globalization

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