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Final Report Group 4

The document provides an overview of digital transformation, including its context and reasons leading businesses to transform digitally. Digital transformation involves integrating digital technologies into all business areas to fundamentally change operations and business models. It allows delivering new customer value and speeding up business activities. Businesses transform digitally due to competitive pressure and to stay relevant in a changing technological environment.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
10 views

Final Report Group 4

The document provides an overview of digital transformation, including its context and reasons leading businesses to transform digitally. Digital transformation involves integrating digital technologies into all business areas to fundamentally change operations and business models. It allows delivering new customer value and speeding up business activities. Businesses transform digitally due to competitive pressure and to stay relevant in a changing technological environment.

Uploaded by

thien anh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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‭FINAL REPORT‬

‭SUBJECT: DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION‬

‭Group’s name:‬ ‭Group 4‬

‭Lecturer: Dr. Vo Phuoc Tai‬

‭Year: 2023 - 2024‬

‭Class:‬‭BUS1128E.B06E‬

‭Ho Chi Minh City, 2023‬


‭FINAL REPORT‬

‭SUBJECT: DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION‬

‭Class:‬‭BUS1128E.B06E‬

‭Group’s name: Group 4‬

‭Date of submit: 8/1/2024‬

‭Group’s members:‬

‭Full name‬ ‭Assigned tasks‬ ‭Contribution (%)‬

‭Đồng Quốc Hưng‬ ‭Abstract + Chapter 1‬ ‭100%‬

‭Ngô Phúc Vĩnh Huy‬ ‭Chapter 2‬ ‭100%‬

‭Nguyễn Bảo Thiên Anh‬ ‭Chapter 3‬ ‭100%‬

‭Nguyễn Trần Trúc Loan‬ ‭Chapter 4‬ ‭100%‬

‭Châu Diệu Quân‬ ‭Chapter 4‬ ‭100%‬

‭Hà Ý Đình‬ ‭Chapter 5‬ ‭100%‬


‭ABSTRACT‬
I‭ n today's modern world, digital transformation is an indispensable part of‬
‭every country and every business existing on this Earth. According to Microsoft,‬
‭digital transformation is a business innovation driven by the explosion of cloud,‬
‭artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT), providing new ways to‬
‭understand, manage and transform for their business activities. Digital transformation‬
‭is also understood as applying advances in digital technology such as cloud‬
‭computing, big data, etc. to all activities of organisations and businesses to bring‬
‭efficiency. High productivity, promoting revenue and brand development.Digital‬
‭transformation is not simply changing the way of doing work from traditional manual‬
‭work (taking notes in books, in-person meetings, etc.) to applying technology to‬
‭reduce human effort. In fact, digital transformation plays a role in changing business‬
‭thinking, operating methods, organisational culture,... There are many reasons leading‬
‭to digital transformation, as well as the technology and tools applied by many‬
‭businesses in their own change process. Digital transformation is an inevitable part of‬
‭the country in general and businesses in particular. It brings many benefits in terms of‬
‭customer experience, business strategy, etc. However, besides those benefits, digital‬
‭transformation also brings many disadvantages, such as dependence on technology,‬
‭security risks. network security,.. In addition to understanding the benefits and‬
‭disadvantages of digital transformation, businesses need to find appropriate solutions‬
‭to improve systems, build more reasonable business strategies, and improve customer‬
‭experience. ,.. to bring profit to the business itself.‬
‭ HAPTER‬ ‭1.‬ ‭OVERVIEW‬ ‭OF‬ ‭DIGITAL‬ ‭TRANSFORMATION.‬ ‭CONTEXT‬
C
‭OF‬ ‭DIGITAL‬ ‭TRANSFORMATION‬ ‭AND‬ ‭THE‬ ‭REASONS‬ ‭WHY‬ ‭LEADS‬ ‭TO‬
‭DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN BUSINESSES‬
‭1.‬ ‭Overview of Digital Transformation‬
‭Digital‬‭transformation‬‭is‬‭the‬‭integration‬‭of‬‭digital‬‭technologies‬‭into‬‭all‬‭areas‬‭of‬
‭a‬ ‭business,‬ ‭leveraging‬ ‭technologies‬ ‭to‬ ‭fundamentally‬ ‭change‬ ‭operations,‬ ‭business‬
‭models‬ ‭and‬ ‭deliver‬ ‭new‬ ‭values.‬ ‭for‬ ‭customers‬ ‭of‬ ‭that‬ ‭business‬ ‭as‬ ‭well‬ ‭as‬ ‭speed‬ ‭up‬
‭business‬‭activities.‬‭Digital‬‭transformation‬‭is‬‭also‬‭a‬‭change‬‭in‬‭the‬‭culture‬‭of‬‭businesses,‬
‭requiring‬ ‭businesses‬ ‭to‬ ‭constantly‬ ‭change,‬ ‭test‬ ‭new‬ ‭things‬ ‭and‬ ‭comfortably‬ ‭accept‬
‭failures.‬ ‭In‬ ‭Vietnam,‬ ‭the‬ ‭concept‬ ‭of‬ ‭"Digital‬ ‭Transformation"‬ ‭is‬ ‭often‬ ‭understood‬ ‭as‬
‭the‬ ‭process‬ ‭of‬ ‭changing‬ ‭from‬ ‭a‬ ‭traditional‬ ‭business‬ ‭model‬ ‭to‬ ‭a‬ ‭digital‬ ‭business‬ ‭by‬
‭applying‬ ‭new‬ ‭technology‬ ‭such‬ ‭as‬ ‭Big‬ ‭Data,‬ ‭Internet‬ ‭for‬ ‭of‬ ‭things‬ ‭(IoT),‬ ‭cloud‬
‭computing‬ ‭(Cloud)‬ ‭...‬ ‭to‬ ‭change‬ ‭operating‬ ‭methods,‬ ‭leadership,‬ ‭work‬ ‭processes,‬‭and‬
‭company culture.‬
‭Not‬‭only‬‭does‬‭it‬‭play‬‭an‬‭important‬‭role‬‭in‬‭businesses,‬‭but‬‭digital‬‭transformation‬
‭also‬‭plays‬‭an‬‭important‬‭role‬‭in‬‭other‬‭areas‬‭of‬‭society‬‭such‬‭as‬‭government,‬‭mass‬‭media,‬
‭medicine,‬ ‭science…Reports‬ ‭from‬ ‭major‬ ‭market‬ ‭research‬ ‭companies‬‭such‬‭as‬‭Gartner,‬
‭IDC...‬‭all‬‭show‬‭that‬‭digital‬‭transformation‬‭really‬‭brings‬‭many‬‭benefits‬‭to‬‭all‬‭aspects‬‭of‬
‭business‬ ‭operations:‬ ‭from‬ ‭management‬ ‭to‬ ‭research.‬ ‭,‬ ‭business…‬ ‭The‬ ‭most‬
‭recognizable‬ ‭benefits‬ ‭of‬ ‭digital‬ ‭transformation‬ ‭for‬ ‭businesses‬ ‭are‬ ‭cutting‬ ‭operating‬
‭costs,‬‭reaching‬‭more‬‭customers‬‭for‬‭a‬‭longer‬‭period‬‭of‬‭time,‬‭and‬‭leaders‬‭making‬‭faster‬
‭and‬ ‭more‬ ‭accurate‬ ‭decisions‬ ‭thanks‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭system.‬ ‭Timely‬ ‭and‬ ‭smooth‬ ‭reporting‬
‭system,‬‭optimising‬‭employee‬‭productivity...‬‭These‬‭help‬‭increase‬‭operational‬‭efficiency‬
‭and‬ ‭enhance‬ ‭the‬ ‭competitiveness‬ ‭of‬ ‭organisations‬ ‭and‬ ‭businesses.Digital‬
‭transformation‬ ‭also‬ ‭contributes‬ ‭to‬ ‭increasing‬ ‭labour‬ ‭productivity.‬ ‭Microsoft‬ ‭research‬
‭shows‬‭that‬‭in‬‭2017,‬‭the‬‭impact‬‭of‬‭digital‬‭transformation‬‭on‬‭labour‬‭productivity‬‭growth‬
‭was about 15%, by 2020, this number will be 21%.‬
‭In‬ ‭general,‬ ‭according‬ ‭to‬ ‭market‬ ‭analysis‬ ‭and‬ ‭research‬ ‭experts,‬ ‭the‬ ‭5‬ ‭ultimate‬
‭goals‬ ‭that‬ ‭digital‬ ‭transformation‬ ‭businesses‬ ‭aim‬ ‭for‬ ‭include:‬ ‭Increasing‬ ‭speed‬ ‭to‬
‭market;‬ ‭Strengthen‬ ‭competitive‬ ‭position‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭market;‬ ‭Promote‬ ‭revenue‬ ‭growth;‬
‭Increase employee productivity; Expand your ability to attract and retain customers‬
‭2.‬ ‭Context of digital transformation‬
‭Today, the rapid development of new digital technologies has been affecting all‬
‭aspects of human society. Using new technology, each individual can more easily‬
‭build a daily schedule for work, entertainment, living, etc., access products at more‬
‭reasonable prices, and participate in social networks. new, better educational‬
‭opportunities and fewer manual labour jobs as job trends have changed.‬
‭For companies and organisations, new technologies mean creating more‬
‭efficient machines, better products and even new, more optimised business models‬
‭that lead to increased revenue. , enhancing competitiveness, ultimately creating a‬
‭foundation for improving labour productivity.‬
‭ or a country in general, digital transformation creates more new jobs, more‬
F
‭efficient use of resources, increased exports and improvements in the fields of health‬
‭care and transportation.‬
‭The impacts on individuals, businesses, organisations,... and society in general‬
‭create influence and promote each other's development, for example, people will‬
‭choose digital technologies more often, increasing their productivity. By increasing‬
‭individuals' digital skills, companies will have access to a better-skilled workforce. If‬
‭companies and organisations soon improve competitiveness, create new jobs as well‬
‭as secure existing jobs, it will bring benefits to individuals and the country in general.‬
‭Digital Transformation creates huge potential for commerce, industry and‬
‭society in general, it is supported by a series of new interconnected technologies‬
‭processed by computers (including the ability to process large amounts of data (Big‬
‭Data) and use sensors, robotics, 3D printing and artificial intelligence across‬
‭industries. These technologies have made certain jobs easier, perform tasks that were‬
‭previously impossible, and design better services and products.‬
‭3.‬ ‭The reason why lead to digital transformation in business‬
‭Digital transformation in businesses is the process of changing thinking and‬
‭applying technology and digital to improve the efficiency of production and business‬
‭activities, increase revenue and enhance the competitiveness of businesses. Including‬
‭the use of software, applications, information systems, artificial intelligence (AI),‬
‭Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing,... to collect, analyse data, automatically‬
‭Automate business and management processes.‬
‭What led to digital transformation? There are many reasons why businesses are‬
‭required to conduct digital transformation as soon as possible. That is:‬
‭-‬ ‭Competitive pressure:‬‭Threats from new entrants, and existing‬
‭competitor forces. Companies and corporations transform their‬
‭operations to stay competitive.‬
‭-‬ ‭Environmental and Sustainability considerations:‬‭Digital‬
‭transformation enables remote work and collaboration, reducing the‬
‭need for extensive travel and its associated environmental footprint.‬
‭-‬ ‭Working efficiency:‬‭Services and catering are currently one of the‬
‭leading growing industries with a large customer base.‬
‭-‬ ‭Cost efficiency:‬‭Digital transformation can enable organisations‬
‭streamline processes, reduce costs, and improve productivity through‬
‭digital transformation.‬
‭-‬ ‭Changes in general needs:‬‭Change in transportation. For instance we‬
‭used to walk barefoot, then use horses and carriage, then use engine‬
‭vehicles.‬
‭-‬ ‭Enhance internal connectivity‬‭: Digital transformation supports‬
‭connecting all employees in different departments, helping employees‬
‭interact and exchange work with each other more.‬
‭ xample of business digital transformation: The famous pizza chain Domino's‬
E
‭began operating in the 1960s and has made a strong shift when implementing digital‬
‭transformation. In 2021, according to Marketing Week, 91% of Domino's sales came‬
‭through digital channels. In 2021, when traditional business operations seemed to go‬
‭bankrupt, the CEO at that time tasked the technology team with helping customers‬
‭with smartphones easily order pizza in 17 seconds. From there, the Domino's app was‬
‭born, making deliveries even easier because of its e-bike and automated delivery‬
‭services, which brought in $4.36 billion in revenue in 2021 for this business.‬
‭The importance of digital transformation in businesses:‬
‭-‬ ‭Performance and efficiency increase:‬‭Deploying technologies‬
‭contributes to reducing errors and speeding up the process of bringing‬
‭products to market. Meanwhile, business processes are improved thanks‬
‭to digital technology, thereby helping to increase productivity and‬
‭business efficiency.‬
‭-‬ ‭Maintain business competitiveness:‬‭Digital transformation in the 4.0‬
‭revolution has become a matter of survival for most businesses. Now it‬
‭is no longer a choice, but a sooner or later thing to stay competitive.‬
‭-‬ ‭Enhance customer experience:‬‭Today's customers have many changes‬
‭in their expectations and purchasing trends, they demand personalization‬
‭and this requires digital transformation. Personalization helps improve‬
‭customer experience, making customers feel special to the business.‬

‭CHAPTER 2. TECHNOLOGIES DRIVE TO DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION.‬


‭-‬ ‭Machine learning:‬‭is a technology that evolved from artificial‬
‭intelligence that involves the use of algorithms and statistical models to‬
‭enable computers to learn and improve their performance on a specific‬
‭task. ML can be integrated into systems to predict trends, optimise‬
‭production processes, and personalise user experiences.‬
‭-‬ ‭Robotic Process Automation‬‭: is a form of business process automation‬
‭that is based on software robots or artificial intelligence agents. It is‬
‭sometimes referred to as software robotics. RPA is used to automate‬
‭tasks such as data entry, invoice processing, and data verification.‬
‭-‬ ‭Decision Support System:‬‭an information system that supports‬
‭business or organisational decision-making activities. DSS can be used‬
‭in healthcare for diagnosis and treatment planning based on clinical‬
‭data.‬
‭-‬ ‭Executive Information System:‬‭also known as an executive support‬
‭system, is a type of management support system that facilitates and‬
‭supports senior executive information and decision-making needs. It‬
‭provides easy access to internal and external information relevant to‬
‭ rganisational goals. EIS can help CEOs make strategic decisions based‬
o
‭on business data and market trends.‬
‭-‬ ‭Automated Management System:‬‭is an intelligent program that tracks,‬
‭analyses and alerts the users automatically and acts as a one-stop-shop‬
‭for all of their after sales services and support needs. Companies can use‬
‭AMS to automate inventory tracking, ordering, and project‬
‭management.‬
‭-‬ ‭Automated Decision System:‬‭is the process of making a decision by‬
‭automated means without any human involvement. These decisions can‬
‭be based on factual data, as well as on digitally created profiles or‬
‭inferred data. Banks use ADS to make decisions on loan approval based‬
‭on credit data and customers' financial history.‬
‭CHAPTER 3. ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION TOOLS (BIG‬
‭DATA, AI, IOT, ELASTIC CLOUD...)‬
‭1.‬ ‭Elastic Cloud‬
‭Elastic Cloud, often associated with Elastic Cloud Enterprise (ECE) or the‬
‭Elastic Stack, refers to a cloud-based service offered by Elastic that provides a‬
‭scalable and managed environment for deploying and running Elastic products such as‬
‭Elasticsearch, Kibana, Logstash, and others. The Elastic Stack is widely used for‬
‭various purposes, including search, logging, analytics, and monitoring.‬
‭Usage:‬
‭Search and Analytics: Elastic Cloud is commonly used for powerful search‬
‭capabilities and analytics. Elasticsearch, a key component, is a distributed search and‬
‭analytics engine that allows users to explore and analyse large volumes of data in‬
‭real-time.‬
‭-‬ ‭Log and Event Data Processing: Organisations use Elastic Cloud to centralise,‬
‭analyse, and visualise log and event data. Logstash, another component of the‬
‭Elastic Stack, facilitates the collection, processing, and enrichment of log data.‬
‭-‬ ‭Monitoring and Observability: Elastic Cloud is employed for monitoring‬
‭applications and infrastructure. Metrics and logs can be collected and‬
‭visualised in real-time to gain insights into system performance, errors, and‬
‭user behaviour.‬
‭-‬ ‭Security Information and Event Management (SIEM): Elastic Stack, when‬
‭deployed on Elastic Cloud, is utilised for SIEM purposes, helping organisations‬
‭detect and respond to security threats by analysing and correlating‬
‭security-related data.‬

‭Advantages:‬
‭-‬ ‭Scalability: Elastic Cloud provides scalable infrastructure, allowing users to‬
‭easily scale their resources up or down based on demand. This ensures optimal‬
‭performance and cost efficiency.‬
‭-‬ M ‭ anaged Service‬‭: Elastic Cloud is a fully managed service, meaning that‬
‭Elastic takes care of infrastructure management, maintenance, and updates.‬
‭This allows organisations to focus on using the Elastic Stack for their specific‬
‭use cases rather than managing the underlying infrastructure.‬
‭-‬ ‭Ease of Deployment:‬‭The cloud-based nature of Elastic Cloud simplifies‬
‭deployment. Users can set up Elastic Stack components without dealing with‬
‭the complexities of infrastructure provisioning and configuration.‬
‭-‬ ‭Flexibility:‬‭Elastic Cloud supports various deployment scenarios, including‬
‭multi-cloud and hybrid cloud setups, providing flexibility for organisations‬
‭with diverse infrastructure requirements.‬

‭Disadvantages:‬
‭-‬ ‭Cost:‬‭While the managed service aspect can be advantageous, it also comes‬
‭with associated costs. Organisations need to consider pricing models and‬
‭ensure that the benefits outweigh the expenses.‬
‭-‬ ‭Dependency on Internet Connection:‬‭Elastic Cloud relies on an internet‬
‭connection, which might be a disadvantage for organisations with strict security‬
‭or compliance requirements that limit internet access.‬
‭-‬ ‭Limited Customization:‬‭The managed nature of Elastic Cloud may limit the‬
‭level of customization compared to self-hosted deployments. Organisations‬
‭requiring highly customised configurations may find some constraints.‬
‭-‬ ‭Data Security Concerns:‬‭Organisations dealing with sensitive data may have‬
‭concerns about data security in a cloud environment. It's crucial to understand‬
‭and address security measures provided by Elastic Cloud.‬
‭2.‬ ‭Big Data‬
‭Big data refers to extremely large and complex sets of data that traditional data‬
‭processing applications are inadequate to handle efficiently. This type of data is‬
‭characterised by the three Vs: Volume (large amounts of data), Velocity (high speed at‬
‭which data is generated and processed), and Variety (diverse types of data, structured‬
‭and unstructured).‬
‭Usage:‬
‭-‬ ‭Business Intelligence and Analytics:‬‭Big data is used to extract valuable‬
‭insights from large datasets, helping organisations make data-driven decisions‬
‭and identify trends, patterns, and correlations.‬
‭-‬ ‭Healthcare:‬‭Big data is applied in healthcare for‬‭managing patient records,‬
‭predicting disease outbreaks, personalised medicine, and analysing treatment‬
‭outcomes.‬
‭-‬ ‭Finance:‬‭Financial institutions use big data for fraud detection, risk‬
‭management, algorithmic trading, and customer analytics.‬
‭-‬ E ‭ -commerce:‬‭Big data analytics is used to analyse customer behaviour,‬
‭optimise pricing, improve supply chain management, and enhance the overall‬
‭customer experience.‬
‭-‬ ‭Social Media‬‭: Platforms use big data to analyse user interactions, personalised‬
‭content recommendations, target advertising, and gain insights into user‬
‭preferences.‬
‭-‬ ‭Manufacturing:‬‭Big data helps optimise production processes, monitor‬
‭equipment health, and enhance supply chain efficiency through predictive‬
‭maintenance and quality control.‬

‭Advantages:‬
‭-‬ ‭Informed Decision-Making‬‭: Big data analytics enables organisations to make‬
‭more informed and strategic decisions based on insights drawn from a‬
‭comprehensive analysis of data.‬
‭-‬ ‭Improved Efficiency‬‭: Organisations can optimise processes,‬‭streamline‬
‭operations, and improve overall efficiency by leveraging big data to identify‬
‭areas for improvement.‬
‭-‬ ‭Innovation:‬‭Big data facilitates innovation by uncovering‬‭new opportunities,‬
‭predicting trends, and supporting research and development efforts.‬
‭-‬ ‭Competitive Advantage:‬‭Companies that effectively harness big data can gain‬
‭a competitive edge by understanding customer needs, market trends, and‬
‭adapting quickly to changes in the business environment.‬
‭-‬ ‭Personalization:‬‭Big data allows for personalised experiences, whether in‬
‭marketing, customer service, or product recommendations, leading to improved‬
‭customer satisfaction.‬

‭Disadvantages:‬
‭-‬ ‭Privacy Concerns:‬‭As big data often involves the collection‬‭and analysis of‬
‭massive amounts of personal information, privacy concerns can arise, leading‬
‭to ethical and legal challenges.‬
‭-‬ ‭Security Risks:‬‭Handling large volumes of data poses‬‭security risks, including‬
‭the potential for unauthorised access, data breaches, and cyber-attacks.‬
‭-‬ ‭Costs:‬‭Implementing big data solutions can be expensive, requiring‬
‭investments in infrastructure, technology, and skilled personnel. Small and‬
‭medium-sized enterprises may find it challenging to bear these costs.‬
‭-‬ ‭Complexity:‬‭Managing and analysing big data can be‬‭complex, requiring‬
‭specialised skills and tools. Integration with existing systems may also pose‬
‭challenges.‬
‭-‬ ‭Data Quality:‬‭The quality of big data can vary, and organisations need to‬
‭address issues related to data accuracy, completeness, and consistency to ensure‬
‭reliable insights.‬
‭3.‬ I‭ nternet of Things (IoT)‬
‭The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a network of interconnected physical‬
‭devices, vehicles, buildings, and other objects embedded with sensors, software, and‬
‭network connectivity. These devices can collect and exchange data, providing‬
‭opportunities for automation, monitoring, and data-driven decision-making.‬

‭Usage:‬
‭-‬ ‭Smart Home Devices:‬‭IoT is widely used in smart homes, where devices such‬
‭as thermostats, lights, security cameras, and appliances are interconnected for‬
‭remote monitoring and control.‬
‭-‬ ‭Industrial IoT (IIoT):‬‭In industrial settings, IoT is used for monitoring‬
‭equipment health, predictive maintenance, optimizing operations, and‬
‭improving overall efficiency.‬
‭-‬ ‭Healthcare:‬‭IoT devices, such as wearable fitness trackers and medical‬
‭monitoring devices, enable remote patient monitoring, medication adherence‬
‭tracking, and real-time health data collection.‬
‭-‬ ‭Smart Cities:‬‭IoT is employed in urban planning to enhance infrastructure,‬
‭manage traffic flow, monitor air quality, and improve public services.‬
‭-‬ ‭Agriculture:‬‭IoT is used in precision farming, where sensors monitor soil‬
‭conditions, weather patterns, and crop health, optimising irrigation and‬
‭resource usage.‬
‭-‬ ‭Retail:‬‭Retailers leverage IoT for inventory management, supply chain‬
‭optimization, and enhancing the in-store shopping experience through‬
‭connected devices.‬

‭Advantages:‬
‭-‬ ‭Efficiency and Automation:‬‭IoT enables automation of various processes,‬
‭leading to increased efficiency and reduced manual intervention.‬
‭-‬ ‭Data Collection and Insights:‬‭The vast amount of data generated by IoT‬
‭devices allows organisations to gain valuable insights, helping in better‬
‭decision-making and predictive analytics.‬
‭-‬ ‭Improved Quality of Life‬‭: In the context of smart homes and cities, IoT‬
‭contributes to a better quality of life by providing convenience, energy‬
‭efficiency, and improved services.‬
‭-‬ ‭Cost Savings:‬‭IoT can lead to cost savings in various‬‭industries through‬
‭predictive maintenance, optimised resource usage, and streamlined operations.‬
‭-‬ ‭Enhanced Safety and Security‬‭: IoT devices contribute to improved safety and‬
‭security through surveillance, monitoring, and alert systems in both industrial‬
‭and consumer contexts.‬
‭Disadvantages:‬
‭-‬ ‭Security Concerns:‬‭IoT devices can be vulnerable to‬‭security breaches, and‬
‭their interconnected nature creates potential entry points for cyber-attacks.‬
‭-‬ ‭Privacy Issues:‬‭The vast amount of data collected‬‭by IoT devices raises‬
‭concerns about user privacy, as personal information may be at risk of‬
‭unauthorised access or misuse.‬
‭-‬ ‭Interoperability Challenges:‬‭Compatibility issues between different IoT‬
‭devices and platforms can hinder seamless integration and communication.‬
‭-‬ ‭Complexity and Technical Challenges‬‭: Implementing and managing IoT‬
‭systems can be complex, requiring specialised skills. Technical challenges,‬
‭such as device configuration and maintenance, may arise.‬
‭-‬ ‭Scalability Issues:‬‭As the number of IoT devices increases, scalability‬
‭becomes a concern, particularly in terms of network bandwidth, data storage,‬
‭and overall system capacity.‬
‭4.‬ ‭Artificial Intelligence (AI)‬
‭Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the development of computer systems that‬
‭can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. These tasks include‬
‭learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, natural language understanding, and‬
‭speech recognition. AI encompasses various subfields, including machine learning,‬
‭natural language processing, computer vision, and robotics.‬

‭Usage:‬
‭-‬ ‭Virtual Assistants:‬‭AI is used in virtual assistants‬‭like Siri, Google Assistant,‬
‭and Alexa, which understand and respond to natural language commands,‬
‭perform tasks, and provide information.‬
‭-‬ ‭Machine Learning Applications:‬‭AI, especially machine learning, is‬
‭employed in applications such as recommendation systems (e.g., Netflix‬
‭recommendations), fraud detection, and predictive analytics.‬
‭-‬ ‭Autonomous Vehicles:‬‭AI plays a crucial role in the‬‭development of‬
‭autonomous vehicles, enabling them to perceive their surroundings, make‬
‭decisions, and navigate without human intervention.‬
‭-‬ ‭Healthcare:‬‭AI is used for medical image analysis,‬‭drug discovery,‬
‭personalised medicine, and predictive analytics to improve diagnosis and‬
‭treatment.‬
‭-‬ ‭Customer Service Chatbots:‬‭AI-powered chatbots are used in customer‬
‭service to provide instant responses to queries, handle routine tasks, and‬
‭enhance customer support.‬
‭-‬ ‭Gaming:‬‭AI is used in gaming for creating intelligent‬‭non-player characters‬
‭(NPCs), adapting gameplay based on user behaviour, and enhancing the overall‬
‭gaming experience.‬
‭Advantages:‬
‭-‬ ‭Efficiency:‬‭AI systems can perform tasks faster and more accurately than‬
‭humans, leading to increased efficiency in various domains.‬
‭-‬ ‭Automation:‬‭AI enables the automation of repetitive and mundane tasks,‬
‭allowing humans to focus on more creative, complex, and strategic aspects of‬
‭their work.‬
‭-‬ ‭Data Analysis and Pattern Recognition:‬‭AI excels at analysing vast amounts‬
‭of data, identifying patterns, and extracting valuable insights for informed‬
‭decision-making.‬
‭-‬ ‭24/7 Availability:‬‭AI systems, such as virtual assistants and chatbots, can‬
‭operate 24/7, providing round-the-clock availability for services and support.‬
‭-‬ ‭Innovation:‬‭AI fosters innovation by enabling the‬‭development of new‬
‭applications and solutions that were previously thought to be impractical or‬
‭impossible.‬

‭Disadvantages:‬
‭-‬ ‭Job Displacement:‬‭The automation of tasks by AI has the potential to displace‬
‭certain jobs, leading to concerns about unemployment and the need for‬
‭retraining the workforce.‬
‭-‬ ‭Bias and Fairness:‬‭AI systems can inherit biases present in the data they are‬
‭trained on, leading to biassed outcomes and discriminatory behaviour, which‬
‭poses ethical challenges.‬
‭-‬ ‭Lack of Creativity and Intuition‬‭: While AI excels at certain tasks, it currently‬
‭lacks the creativity, intuition, and nuanced understanding that humans possess‬
‭in complex and ambiguous situations.‬
‭-‬ ‭Security Concerns:‬‭AI systems can be vulnerable to‬‭attacks, and the use of AI‬
‭in cyber-attacks raises concerns about the security of systems and data.‬
‭-‬ ‭Ethical Concerns:‬‭The ethical implications of AI,‬‭including issues related to‬
‭privacy, accountability, and the responsible use of AI, raise important societal‬
‭questions that need careful consideration.‬
‭5.‬ ‭Blockchain‬
‭Blockchain is a decentralised and distributed ledger technology that enables‬
‭secure and transparent recording of transactions across a network of computers. It‬
‭consists of a chain of blocks, where each block contains a list of transactions, a‬
‭timestamp, and a reference to the previous block. Once a block is added to the chain,‬
‭it is difficult to alter, ensuring the integrity and immutability of the recorded‬
‭information.‬
‭ sage:‬
U
‭-‬ ‭Cryptocurrencies:‬‭Blockchain is most well-known for its use in‬
‭cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. It serves as the underlying technology that‬
‭enables secure and decentralised transactions without the need for‬
‭intermediaries like banks.‬
‭-‬ ‭Smart Contracts:‬‭Blockchain facilitates the creation‬‭and execution of smart‬
‭contracts, which are self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement‬
‭directly written into code. Ethereum is a prominent blockchain platform‬
‭supporting smart contracts.‬
‭-‬ ‭Supply Chain Management:‬‭Blockchain is utilised for enhancing‬
‭transparency and traceability in supply chains, allowing stakeholders to track‬
‭the origin, shipment, and condition of products in real-time.‬
‭-‬ ‭Identity Management:‬‭Blockchain can be used for secure‬‭and decentralised‬
‭identity management, reducing the risk of identity theft and providing‬
‭individuals more control over their personal information.‬
‭-‬ ‭Voting Systems:‬‭Blockchain can improve the transparency and security of‬
‭voting systems by providing a tamper-resistant record of votes, reducing the‬
‭potential for fraud.‬

‭Advantages:‬
‭-‬ ‭Decentralisation:‬‭Blockchain operates on a decentralised network, eliminating‬
‭the need for a central authority. This decentralisation enhances security, reduces‬
‭the risk of single points of failure, and promotes trust among participants.‬
‭-‬ ‭Security:‬‭The use of cryptographic techniques and the distributed nature of the‬
‭ledger make blockchain highly secure. Once a block is added to the chain,‬
‭altering the information within it is extremely difficult.‬
‭-‬ ‭Transparency:‬‭All participants in a blockchain network have access to the‬
‭same information, promoting transparency. This transparency can be especially‬
‭valuable in industries where trust and accountability are crucial.‬
‭-‬ ‭Immutability:‬‭Once data is added to the blockchain, it is nearly impossible to‬
‭change or delete. This immutability ensures the integrity of the recorded‬
‭information.‬
‭-‬ ‭Efficiency:‬‭Blockchain can streamline processes by reducing the need for‬
‭intermediaries, automating transactions through smart contracts, and providing‬
‭a single, shared version of the truth.‬

‭Disadvantages:‬
‭-‬ ‭Scalability:‬‭Some blockchain networks face challenges‬‭in handling a large‬
‭number of transactions simultaneously, leading to scalability issues. This can‬
‭result in slower transaction speeds and increased costs.‬
‭-‬ E ‭ nergy Consumption:‬‭Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus mechanisms, used in‬
‭some blockchain networks, are associated with high energy consumption. This‬
‭has led to environmental concerns and efforts to explore more energy-efficient‬
‭alternatives.‬
‭-‬ ‭Regulatory Uncertainty:‬‭The regulatory environment‬‭surrounding blockchain‬
‭and cryptocurrencies is evolving, leading to uncertainties and potential‬
‭challenges for businesses and users.‬
‭-‬ ‭Complexity:‬‭Implementing and managing blockchain technology can be‬
‭complex and requires specialised skills. This complexity can act as a barrier to‬
‭adoption for some organisations.‬
‭-‬ ‭Lack of Standardisation:‬‭The lack of standardised‬‭protocols and‬
‭interoperability among different blockchain platforms can hinder collaboration‬
‭and communication between networks.‬

‭ HAPTER IV. THE DIGITAL ENTERPRISE (THE CONFLUENCE OF‬


C
‭ELASTIC CLOUD COMPUTING, BIG DATA, AI, AND IOT DRIVES‬
‭DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION)‬
‭I. Introduction‬
‭The digital transformation of finance and accounting has ushered in a new era of‬
‭technological innovation, reshaping conventional practices and offering a plethora of‬
‭benefits to businesses. This study aims to delve into the specific advantages associated‬
‭with the integration of digital financial tools for payment processing, invoicing‬
‭automation, and financial analysis, elucidating their implications for modern finance‬
‭and accounting operations.‬
‭The adoption of digital tools has revolutionised traditional financial processes, leading‬
‭to enhanced efficiency, improved accuracy, and greater decision-making capabilities.‬
‭By leveraging these tools, organisations can streamline their operations, optimise cash‬
‭flow management, and gain valuable insights into their financial performance.‬
‭A. Definition of digital financial tools‬
‭Digital financial tools encompass a wide range of technological applications and‬
‭platforms designed to facilitate and optimise various aspects of financial management,‬
‭transactions, and analysis. These tools leverage digital technologies to streamline‬
‭traditional financial processes, enhance efficiency, and provide real-time insights into‬
‭financial data. Examples of digital financial tools include electronic payment systems,‬
‭online banking platforms, financial management software, digital invoicing solutions,‬
‭automated accounting systems, mobile payment applications, and advanced financial‬
‭analytics and reporting platforms.‬
‭B. Importance of integrating digital financial‬‭tools in a company‬
‭In essence, digital financial tools encompass any electronic or software-based solution‬
‭that enables individuals and businesses to conduct financial activities, manage‬
‭transactions, analyse financial data, and make informed decisions within a digital‬
e‭ nvironment. These tools have reshaped the landscape of finance and accounting,‬
‭offering unprecedented capabilities for optimising cash flow, automating routine tasks,‬
‭improving financial visibility, and enhancing overall financial management practices.‬
‭II. Subtopics‬
‭A. Payments‬
‭1. Electronic payment systems‬
‭Electronic payment systems are ways of making financial transactions using electronic‬
‭devices. They include methods like credit/debit cards, mobile payments, online‬
‭banking, digital currencies (like cryptocurrencies), and various other technologies.‬
‭These systems offer a faster, more convenient, and secure way to handle money‬
‭compared to traditional methods. Examples include using a credit card for online‬
‭shopping, paying with a mobile app, or transferring money between bank accounts‬
‭electronically.‬
‭2. Mobile payment solutions‬
‭Mobile payment solutions are methods of making financial transactions using mobile‬
‭devices. These solutions leverage the capabilities of smartphones and tablets to offer‬
‭convenient, fast, and secure payment options.‬
‭Mobile payment solutions are ways to pay using smartphones. They include mobile‬
‭wallets like Apple Pay, QR code payments, and apps for sending money to friends‬
‭(like Venmo). You can also pay by tapping your phone on a card reader or use your‬
‭fingerprint for security.‬
‭3. Benefits of digital payment methods‬
‭These methods make it easy to shop, transfer money, and pay for things using your‬
‭mobile device. It benefits both the consumers and businesses.‬
‭Benefits for Consumers:‬
‭-Convenience‬‭:‬‭Mobile payments provide a quick and easy way to make transactions.‬
‭Users can pay for goods and services with a simple tap or scan, reducing the need to‬
‭carry physical cash or cards.‬
‭-Accessibility‬‭:‬‭Mobile payments are widely accessible, requiring only a smartphone‬
‭and an internet connection. This accessibility is especially beneficial in areas where‬
‭traditional banking infrastructure may be limited.‬
‭-Security‬‭:‬‭Many mobile payment solutions use advanced security features such as‬
‭encryption, tokenization, and biometric authentication (e.g., fingerprint or facial‬
‭recognition), enhancing the security of transactions.‬
‭-Transaction Tracking:‬‭Users can easily track their‬‭spending through mobile banking‬
‭apps, which provide detailed transaction histories. This helps in budgeting and‬
‭financial management.‬
‭-Rewards and Discounts:‬‭Some mobile payment apps offer‬‭rewards programs,‬
‭cashback, or discounts for using their services. This incentivizes users to adopt mobile‬
‭payment methods.‬
‭Benefits for Businesses:‬
-‭ Increased Sales:‬‭Accepting mobile payments can lead to increased sales as‬
‭customers appreciate the convenience and speed of transactions. This is particularly‬
‭relevant in fast-paced environments like retail and hospitality.‬
‭-Cost Efficiency:‬‭Mobile payments can be more cost-effective for businesses than‬
‭traditional payment methods. There may be lower processing fees, and businesses can‬
‭save on the costs associated with handling and processing cash.‬
‭-Enhanced Customer Experience‬‭: Mobile payments contribute‬‭to a smoother and‬
‭more efficient customer experience. Shorter wait times at the checkout and easy‬
‭payment options can lead to higher customer satisfaction.‬
‭-Reduced Fraud Risk:‬‭Advanced security features in mobile payment systems can‬
‭reduce the risk of fraud compared to traditional payment methods. For example,‬
‭tokenization protects sensitive card information during transactions.‬
‭-Marketing Opportunities:‬‭Mobile payment apps often provide opportunities for‬
‭businesses to engage with customers through targeted promotions, loyalty programs,‬
‭and personalised offers.‬
‭-Streamlined Operations‬‭: Mobile payments can streamline‬‭backend operations,‬
‭reducing the need for manual handling of cash and providing businesses with more‬
‭accurate and efficient transaction records.‬
‭Overall, mobile payment solutions offer a win-win situation by providing users with‬
‭convenient and secure payment options while offering businesses opportunities for‬
‭increased efficiency and improved customer relations.‬
‭B. Invoicing‬
‭1. Electronic invoicing systems‬
‭E-invoicing, also known as electronic invoicing systems, refers to the method of‬
‭electronically transmitting an invoice in a designated standardised format. The‬
‭utilisation of this standardised format by both the sending and receiving systems‬
‭allows for the exchange and identification of data. Additionally, because e-invoices‬
‭contain invoice data in a structured form, they can be automatically imported into the‬
‭buying organisation’s accounts payable system.‬

‭ . Automated invoicing processes‬


2
‭The number of processes varies depending on the complexity of the system and/or‬
‭requirements of the organisation. However, an automated invoicing system typically‬
‭has these key processes:‬
‭Invoice Generation, Validation and Evaluation:‬
‭· Processing tools will check for incoming invoices and information (E.G. Create‬
‭accurate and detailed invoices with customer information, products/services,‬
‭quantities, and prices.)‬
‭· Validate data to ensure accuracy and compliance.‬
‭Recording:‬
·‭ Processing tools will keep track of every invoice sent and uses invoice’s‬
‭purchase order to create a record.‬
‭Audit:‬
‭· Maintain an audit trail for transparency and accountability.‬
‭· Handle errors and exceptions in the invoicing process.‬
‭· Some softwares even ensures payments meet taxation rules.‬
‭Payment:‬
‭· Tool will track the buyer's payment method. It will also keep track of when any‬
‭invoices arrive, allowing it to send payment reminders.‬
‭3. Advantages of digital invoicing‬
‭· Reduce costs and improve cash management to capture more early payment‬
‭discounts.‬
‭· Customer Relationship Improvement (Timely and consistent communication‬
‭with customer)‬
‭· Time efficiency (E.G. Configure workflows to address specific requirements.)‬
‭· Enable faster, more accurate payment processing.‬
‭C. Financial analysis‬
‭1. Data visualisation tools‬
‭Data visualisation refers to the graphical depiction of data and information. Through‬
‭the utilisation of visual components such as charts, graphs, and maps, data‬
‭visualisation tools offer a convenient means to observe and comprehend patterns,‬
‭outliers, and trends in data. Additionally, it provides an excellent way for employees‬
‭or business owners to present data to non-technical audiences without confusion.‬
‭In the realm of Big Data, data visualisation tools and technologies play a crucial role‬
‭in the examination of vast amounts of information and the subsequent formulation of‬
‭data-informed decisions.‬

‭ . Financial reporting software‬


2
‭Many financial reporting software incorporate data visualisation tools in help users‬
‭interpret complex financial data much easier. These tools are commonly employed to‬
‭streamline and automate the creation, analysis, and distribution of financial reports‬
‭within an organisation. Additionally, they have the capability to offer valuable insights‬
‭that contribute to the decision-making process and financial management. (Several‬
‭noteworthy software examples include Microsoft Power BI, Tableau, and IBM‬
‭Cognos...)‬

‭ . Role of digital financial analysis in decision-making‬


3
‭Understanding of an organisation’s financial health is crucial to all administrators and‬
‭managers. Digital financial analysis will help with decision-making in collecting mass‬
‭data, give real-time financial insights, risk management, provides and forecasts future‬
s‭ cenarios… All these processes are streamlined, processed quickly to ensure timely‬
‭and most accurate in the decision-making process.‬

‭III. Benefits of integrating digital financial tools‬


‭A. Increased efficiency and accuracy‬
‭Automation: Digital tools eliminate the need for manual data entry and processing,‬
‭reducing the likelihood of errors and increasing overall efficiency.‬
‭Real-time Processing: Transactions and account updates occur in real-time, providing‬
‭users with up-to-date information on their financial status.‬
‭B. Cost savings‬
‭Reduced Transaction Costs: Digital transactions often have lower fees compared to‬
‭traditional methods, such as wire transfers or paper checks.‬
‭Paperless Transactions: Going digital reduces the need for paper, printing, and‬
‭postage, contributing to cost savings and environmental sustainability.‬
‭C. Improved cash flow management‬
‭Budgeting Tools: Many digital financial tools offer budgeting features, helping users‬
‭track and manage their spending more effectively.‬
‭Financial Planning: Users can leverage tools for financial planning, investment‬
‭tracking, and retirement planning.‬
‭D. Enhanced data security‬
‭Encryption and Authentication: Digital financial tools employ robust security‬
‭measures, including encryption and multi-factor authentication, to protect user data‬
‭and transactions.‬
‭Fraud Protection: Real-time monitoring helps detect and prevent fraudulent activities,‬
‭offering an additional layer of security.‬

‭IV. Challenges of implementing digital financial tools‬


‭A. Initial setup and integration‬
‭There are many reasons why organisations and businesses still use legacy systems that‬
‭are incompatible with modern digital solutions. First, replacing old systems can be a‬
‭time-consuming and expensive process. Second, many organisations and businesses‬
‭feel satisfied with what they have and are afraid of applying new technology tools and‬
‭processes because investing in a new digital solution requires time to train users and‬
‭takes time to adopt.‬
‭B. Employee training and adoption‬
‭The shortage of human resources to support digital transformation is considered one‬
‭of the main challenges. Therefore, it is necessary to assemble a cross-functional team‬
‭of skilled people to create a leadership team. This team will help create a digital‬
‭transformation vision that aligns with your business goals.‬
‭Building a digital transformation advocacy group can help organisations take a more‬
‭proactive approach to digital initiatives that focus on the interests of everyone.‬
‭ . Data privacy and compliance‬
C
‭Data is considered the lifeblood of the digital economy in general and digital banking‬
‭in particular. Additionally, businesses, law enforcement and consumers all need new‬
‭mechanisms to build digital trust in business, risk management and compliance. In the‬
‭process of digital transformation, in protecting safety, trust, privacy as well as ethical‬
‭issues related to data will succeed in the financial sector‬
‭D. Cybersecurity risks‬
‭Finance is inherently fertile land for high-tech criminals to illegally exploit because‬
‭the application of technology in professional activities accounts for up to 90%. To‬
‭successfully transform digitally, it is necessary to focus on resources first, including‬
‭encouraging cybersecurity experts to participate in the digital transformation process‬
‭right from the project planning stage. With the current trend of digital transformation,‬
‭it is necessary to build a flexible risk control strategy with the goal of being able to‬
‭prolong and restore business operations as soon as possible when risks that disrupt‬
‭operations occur. financial operations‬
‭V. Case studies/examples‬
‭A. Company A: Successful implementation of digital payment systems: MOMO‬
‭MoMo is the leading unit in Vietnam in providing application services. Mobile‬
‭e-wallets, over-the-counter (OTC) and money transfer services on payment platforms.‬
‭After 3 years of acceleration, MoMo's ecosystem has linked with 22 banks compared‬
‭to 5 banks before 2017. MoMo has also developed a network of 10,000 business‬
‭partners in areas such as finance and banking, insurance, money transfer, payment,‬
‭entertainment, e-commerce, shopping, transportation and food services... MoMo's‬
‭network reaches more than 100,000 payment acceptance points‬
‭MoMo wallet currently has tens of millions of users, of which about 3.5 million reside‬
‭in remote areas. In particular, MoMo has become the leading financial application on‬
‭the Android platform and is also one of the most downloaded applications on the‬
‭Vietnam App Store.‬
‭The attractiveness of the e-Wallet market and MoMo's increased application of‬
‭technology and provision of many financial services have attracted many investment‬
‭funds, estimated to be about 140 million USD, helping MoMo build its foundation.‬
‭digital payment infrastructure, technology investment to promote financial inclusion‬
‭and ecosystem expansion.‬
‭B. Company B: Streamlined invoicing processes‬‭through digital tools : MISA‬
‭melnvoice‬
‭MISA meInvoice is a reputable electronic invoice software chosen by the‬
‭Government, Tax authorities, businesses, organisations and individuals. The first and‬
‭only electronic invoice software in Vietnam applying Blockchain technology to ensure‬
‭safety, security and anti-counterfeit invoices in the world.‬
‭What makes MISA meInvoice the most popular electronic invoice software today is‬
‭the ecosystem of software from accounting to businesses: MISA accounting software,‬
s‭ ervice accounting software , declaring - submitting tax returns, digital signatures,‬
‭processing input invoices,... all the applications that accounting needs as well as‬
‭reasonable electronic invoice prices. All of these ecosystems help businesses and‬
‭accountants integrate and connect best‬
‭C. Company C: Improved financial analysis and‬‭reporting using digital tools :‬
‭Song Ba Ha Hydropower Joint Stock Company (SBH)‬
‭Since 2017, SBH has deployed and used enterprise resource planning software (ERP:‬
‭Enterprise Resource Planning), with 17 modules on financial management, taxes,‬
‭accounting, salaries, materials, and finances. fixed assets, contracts... in the‬
‭Company's governance.‬
‭The company has been applying a number of other support software shared in‬
‭EVNGENCO2 such as: Management reports (BI), Management of materials and‬
‭equipment warehouses using QR Code technology. The implementation of operating‬
‭modules and business processes is increasingly stable, helping the preparation of‬
‭monthly, quarterly, semi-annual and annual financial reports to progress ahead of‬
‭schedule, meeting the requirements for exploitation and inspection. High level of‬
‭control and management‬
‭In addition, SBH also applies many innovative initiatives in the field of finance and‬
‭accounting such as: (i) using input invoice management tools that automatically‬
‭connect with the invoice validity lookup system of the General Department of‬
‭Taxation to minimise tax accounting errors; (ii) make information disclosure reports‬
‭with the Hanoi Stock Exchange directly on the CIMS Information Disclosure System‬
‭application (instead of sending it manually by post as before); (iii) synchronise data‬
‭from the CIMS information management system with the internal website to publish‬
‭information at the same time on the Stock Exchange and the Company's website‬

‭ I. Future trends in digital financial tools‬


V
‭A.‬ ‭Artificial intelligence and machine learning in financial analysis‬
‭In the financial industry, digital transformation has contributed new changes, bringing‬
‭people to great conveniences. Digital transformation has brought about new‬
‭improvements in the financial industry, allowing individuals to enjoy greater‬
‭convenience. This rapid advancement—particularly the use of AI and ML in the‬
‭financial sector—has spurred new trends in the use of technology in a variety of‬
‭fields, including prediction, phone payments, and payment applications financial‬
‭patterns.‬
‭At the 2023, according to Finance Industry Information Technology Conference‬
‭recently organised by the Department of Financial Informatics and Statistics (Ministry‬
‭of Finance), Deputy Director Nguyen Viet Ha, said that in recent times, the‬
‭implementation Deploying and investing in the application of information technology‬
‭with focus on professional activities and in reforming administrative procedures of‬
‭ nits under the ministry has contributed to well performing assigned tasks and‬
u
‭gradually forming electronic finance, towards digital finance.‬
‭Especially, TPBank has enterprise successfully digitally transforms the financial‬
‭analysis:‬
‭Established in 2008, TPBank operates mainly in the field of providing financial‬
‭products and services. Facing the changes in the world and the crisis of the epidemic,‬
‭TPBank decided to implement the digital transformation strategy that the bank has‬
‭been pursuing for a long time. Currently, banks use artificial intelligence and other‬
‭modern technologies such as: Machine Learning, Deep Learning or Optical Character‬
‭Recognition (OCR).‬

‭Picture: TP Bank representative received the IDG Vietnam Award‬


‭(Source: The TP Bank Official website: tpb.vn)‬
‭The bank has also deployed nearly 300 virtual robots - applying akaBot's RPA‬
‭automation technology - in internal operations to shorten process processing time,‬
‭optimise customer experience and free up labour. motivating customers. With digital‬
‭transformation efforts like successful digital transformation businesses in the market,‬
‭TPBank has won the title of "Excellent Digital Transformation Enterprise" for three‬
‭consecutive years awarded by the Vietnam Digital Communications Association.‬
‭There are some advantages and disadvantage of using Artificial intelligence and‬
‭machine learning in financial analysis:‬
‭Advantages:‬
‭Reduces the complexity of paperwork: Because financial confirmation procedures are‬
‭quite complicated and require a long wait (must be sent by courier or post office‬
‭between relevant agencies), if there are important documents that need to be done‬
‭urgently, it is difficult to complete them in a short time.‬
‭Customer service and personalization: Financial institutions are using AI and ML to‬
‭provide personalised financial advice, customer support, and tailored product‬
‭recommendations based on individual financial behaviours and preferences.‬
‭ redit scoring and lending decisions: AI and ML algorithms are being used to assess‬
C
‭creditworthiness and make more accurate lending decisions by analysing a wide range‬
‭of data points, leading to more inclusive and fair lending practices.‬
‭Portfolio management and investment analysis: AI and ML are being used to analyse‬
‭investment opportunities, optimise portfolio allocation, and provide insights into‬
‭market trends, helping investors make more informed and data-driven decisions.‬
‭Disadvantages:‬
‭Over-reliance on data: AI and ML models require large amounts of high-quality data‬
‭to produce accurate results. If the data is incomplete, biassed, or of poor quality, it can‬
‭lead to inaccurate or unreliable analyses.‬
‭Regulatory and compliance challenges:‬‭The use of AI‬‭and ML in financial analysis‬
‭may raise regulatory and compliance challenges. Regulators may require transparency‬
‭and explainability in the use of AI and ML models, and there may be concerns about‬
‭the potential for biassed or discriminatory outcomes.‬
‭Security and privacy risks:‬‭AI and ML systems may‬‭be vulnerable to security‬
‭breaches and cyber-attacks, especially when handling sensitive financial data.‬
‭Ensuring the security and privacy of data used in AI and ML models is crucial to‬
‭mitigate these risks.‬
‭Human oversight and accountability:‬‭While AI and ML‬‭can automate many aspects‬
‭of financial analysis, human oversight and accountability are still essential.‬
‭Over-reliance on automated systems may lead to a lack of human judgement and‬
‭accountability in decision-making processes.‬
‭Ethical considerations:‬‭The use of AI and ML in financial‬‭analysis raises ethical‬
‭considerations, particularly regarding the potential for biassed outcomes or unintended‬
‭consequences. Ensuring fairness and ethical use of AI and ML technologies is a‬
‭critical concern.‬
‭To sum up, the use of AI and ML in financial analysis is expected to continue growing‬
‭as these technologies offer the potential to improve efficiency, accuracy, and‬
‭decision-making in the financial industry. On the other hand, it is also important for‬
‭organisations to carefully consider these disadvantages and implement appropriate‬
‭safeguards and controls when using AI and ML in financial analysis to mitigate these‬
‭risks.‬

‭ .‬
B ‭Blockchain technology for secure and transparent transactions‬
‭The use of blockchain technology for secure and transparent transactions in financial‬
‭analysis is a growing trend. In some cases, this is driven by the desire for increased‬
‭security, transparency, efficiency, and innovation in the financial industry. As the‬
‭technology continues to mature, its potential to transform financial transactions and‬
‭analysis is becoming increasingly recognized.‬
‭Blockchain application trends at world banks during the digital transformation‬
‭process:‬
‭ ransactions in digital currency (cryptocurrency) - A great effective intermediary in‬
T
‭cross-border transactions and procedure management transactions. Blockchain‬
‭application is identified as a B2B (business-to-business) solution in the financial‬
‭industry that is being taken seriously.‬
‭Some leading banks in Blockchain application, including JPMorgan, have ONYX‬
‭blockchain and are testing this technology for mortgage payments in May 2022. Link‬
‭is a Blockchain application that uses the ONYX Blockchain platform to enable‬
‭financial institutions and business users to perform secure peer-to-peer data transfers‬
‭with greater speed and control. The most significant benefit of using Link is‬
‭integrating the tool into any platform via the exposed API. It's a great starting point‬
‭for innovating how organisations communicate and share valuable data. JPMorgan‬
‭Blockchain solution reduces payment processing and verification time for large‬
‭payments. Currently, 382 banks are using JPMorgan's Link platform to exchange data.‬
‭Blockchain application trends at Vietnam during the digital transformation process:‬
‭In Vietnam, although there is no clear legal framework on Blockchain and‬
‭cryptocurrency, the Vietnamese Government is researching legal issues surrounding‬
‭the Sandbox mechanism for Blockchain applications. Blockchain is still in the early‬
‭stages of development and the extent of change this new technology can create in the‬
‭financial sector depends on overcoming current technical limitations and enhancing‬
‭acceptance by interested parties. Government documents mentioning Blockchain‬
‭include: Decision 2117/QD-TTg dated December 16, 2020, Decision 942/QD-TTg‬
‭dated June 15, 2021, Decision No. 810/QD-NHNN dated May 11, 2021.‬
‭However, Vietnamese commercial banks have researched Blockchain early on as a‬
‭technology solution for financial activities. In 2018, VietinBank, VIB, TPBank tested‬
‭interbank money transfer using Blockchain. In 2019, HSBC applied Blockchain in‬
‭international payments in the Vietnamese market by letter of credit (L/C) transactions.‬
‭As of the end of February 2021, there are 5 more Vietnamese commercial banks -‬
‭BIDV, HDBank, VietinBank, MBBank and Vietcombank. For Vietcombank, they have‬
‭a quick plan to apply Blockchain on the VCB Digibank Digital Banking platform,‬
‭developing VCB Rewards service - a gratitude program for individual customers.‬
‭Thanks to Blockchain technology, the entire process of point accumulation and gift‬
‭redemption is stored and automatically updated on VCB Digibank, allowing‬
‭customers to proactively look up point accumulation history and redeem gifts.‬
‭Currently, Vietcombank is researching to expand Blockchain applications, cooperating‬
‭with Fintech companies.‬
‭Picture: The applications of blockchain for secure and transparent transactions.‬
‭(Source: Tapchinganhang.gov.vn)‬

‭ lockchain, the distributed ledger technology behind cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin,‬


B
‭offers several advantages and disadvantages for financial analysis and transactions:‬
‭Advantages:‬
‭Security:‬‭Blockchain provides a secure and tamper-resistant‬‭way to record‬
‭transactions. Each transaction is cryptographically linked to the previous one, creating‬
‭a chain of blocks that cannot be altered without consensus from the network. This‬
‭makes blockchain an attractive option for secure financial transactions.‬
‭Transparency:‬‭The decentralised nature of blockchain‬‭ensures that transaction records‬
‭are transparent and accessible to all participants in the network. This transparency can‬
‭enhance trust and accountability in financial analysis, as it allows for real-time‬
‭verification of transactions without the need for intermediaries.‬
‭Smart contracts:‬‭Blockchain supports the use of smart‬‭contracts, which are‬
‭self-executing contracts with the terms directly written into code. Smart contracts can‬
‭automate and enforce the terms of an agreement, streamlining financial transactions‬
‭and reducing the need for intermediaries.‬
‭Tokenization of assets: Blockchain enables the tokenization of assets, allowing for the‬
‭representation of real-world assets as digital tokens on a blockchain. This can‬
‭facilitate the trading and transfer of assets, potentially opening up new opportunities‬
‭for financial analysis and investment.‬
‭Disadvantages:‬
‭On the other hand, there are several drawbacks for Blockchain technology for secure‬
‭and transparent transactions:‬
‭While blockchain technology offers significant advantages for secure and transparent‬
‭transactions in financial analysis, there are also some potential disadvantages to‬
‭consider:‬
‭ calability challenges:‬‭Blockchain networks can face scalability issues, particularly in‬
S
‭public blockchains, where the number of transactions per second is limited. This can‬
‭hinder the ability to process a high volume of financial transactions in a timely‬
‭manner.‬
‭Energy consumption:‬‭The process of validating and‬‭adding transactions to a‬
‭blockchain (often referred to as mining) can be energy-intensive, particularly in the‬
‭case of proof-of-work consensus mechanisms. This can lead to environmental‬
‭concerns and high operational costs.‬
‭Regulatory uncertainty:‬‭The regulatory landscape surrounding‬‭blockchain technology‬
‭is still evolving, and there may be uncertainty about how existing financial regulations‬
‭apply to blockchain-based transactions. Compliance with regulatory requirements can‬
‭be a challenge for organisations utilising blockchain in financial analysis.‬
‭Governance and consensus issues:‬‭Blockchain networks require agreement among‬
‭participants on changes to the network's protocols and rules. Achieving consensus can‬
‭be challenging, especially in public blockchains with a large number of participants,‬
‭and disagreements can lead to network forks and disruptions.‬
‭Integration with legacy systems:‬‭Integrating blockchain technology with existing‬
‭legacy financial systems and processes can be complex and costly. Legacy systems‬
‭may not be easily compatible with blockchain, requiring significant investment in‬
‭integration and migration efforts.‬
‭Security vulnerabilities:‬‭While blockchain is often‬‭heralded for its security, there have‬
‭been instances of security vulnerabilities in blockchain implementations, such as‬
‭smart contract exploits and 51% attacks on certain blockchain networks. Ensuring the‬
‭security of blockchain-based financial transactions requires ongoing vigilance and‬
‭robust security measures.‬
‭In short, it is important for organisations to carefully consider both the benefits and‬
‭drawbacks above and weigh them against the potential benefits when evaluating the‬
‭use of blockchain technology for secure and transparent transactions in financial‬
‭analysis. Addressing these challenges through technological advancements, industry‬
‭collaboration, and regulatory clarity will be crucial for the widespread adoption of‬
‭blockchain in financial analysis.‬
‭C. Integration of digital financial tools with other business systems‬
‭The integration of digital financial tools with other business systems is a critical‬
‭aspect of modern financial management. Seamless integration enables businesses to‬
‭streamline processes, improve efficiency, and gain better insights into their financial‬
‭data. For successful system integration and data consistency, strong APIs, data‬
‭standards, and data governance procedures are essential. Businesses should also assess‬
‭the adaptability and scalability of digital financial tools in order to meet changing‬
‭integration requirements as they expand and change. There are some key‬
‭considerations and examples below of integrating digital financial tools with other‬
‭business systems:‬
‭ nterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems:‬‭Integrating digital financial tools with‬
E
‭ERP systems allows for the seamless flow of financial data across various functions‬
‭such as accounting, procurement, inventory management, and human resources. For‬
‭example, integrating a digital accounting software with an ERP system enables‬
‭automatic synchronisation of financial transactions, chart of accounts, and financial‬
‭reporting.‬
‭Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems:‬‭Integration‬‭with CRM‬
‭systems allows businesses to link financial data with customer interactions, sales, and‬
‭marketing activities. This integration can provide insights into customer payment‬
‭behaviour, revenue forecasts, and customer lifetime value. For instance, integrating a‬
‭digital payment processing tool with a CRM system enables tracking of customer‬
‭payments and invoicing details.‬
‭Inventory and Supply Chain Management Systems:‬‭Integrating‬‭financial tools with‬
‭inventory and supply chain management systems can optimise cash flow, inventory‬
‭valuation, and procurement processes. For example, integrating a digital inventory‬
‭management system with financial tools enables real-time tracking of inventory costs,‬
‭valuation, and cost of goods sold.‬
‭Human Resources and Payroll Systems:‬‭Integration with‬‭HR and payroll systems‬
‭facilitates the management of employee expenses, payroll processing, and benefits‬
‭administration. For instance, integrating digital expense management tools with HR‬
‭systems enables seamless reimbursement workflows and expense reporting.‬
‭Business Intelligence and Analytics Platforms:‬‭Integrating‬‭financial tools with‬
‭business intelligence and analytics platforms provides comprehensive insights into‬
‭financial performance, trends, and forecasts. This integration enables the consolidation‬
‭of financial data from various sources for advanced reporting and analysis.‬
‭E-commerce and Payment Processing Systems:‬‭Integration‬‭with e-commerce‬
‭platforms and payment processing systems enables businesses to streamline online‬
‭transactions, reconcile payments, and manage revenue streams. For example,‬
‭integrating digital payment gateways with financial tools facilitates automatic‬
‭reconciliation of online sales and payment data.‬
‭Compliance and Regulatory Reporting Systems:‬‭Integration‬‭with compliance and‬
‭regulatory reporting systems ensures that financial data is accurately reported and‬
‭aligned with regulatory requirements. This integration can automate regulatory filings,‬
‭tax reporting, and compliance checks.‬

‭VII. Conclusion‬
‭A.‬ ‭Recap of the importance and benefits of integrating digital financial tools‬
‭Integrating digital financial tools with other business systems offers numerous benefits‬
‭and plays a crucial role in modern financial management. This is essential not only for‬
‭optimising financial processes, gaining valuable insights, and ensuring regulatory‬
c‭ ompliance but also ultimately contributes to improved operational efficiency, better‬
‭decision-making, and enhanced financial management for businesses.‬
‭If financial companies and banks can integrate digital transformation into business and‬
‭financial activities, this is a strong and powerful weapon to be able to compete with‬
‭competitors in times of great innovation. Technology is becoming more and more‬
‭advanced (jobs can be lost, businesses can collapse at any time). It is necessary to‬
‭devise appropriate digital transformation integration strategies for the following‬
‭benefits:‬
‭Streamlined Processes:‬‭Integration allows for the‬‭seamless flow of financial data‬
‭across various business functions, streamlining processes such as accounting,‬
‭procurement, inventory management, and human resources.‬
‭Improved Efficiency:‬‭By automating data transfer and synchronisation, integration‬
‭reduces manual data entry, minimises errors, and saves time, leading to improved‬
‭operational efficiency.‬
‭Enhanced Insights:‬‭Integration provides comprehensive insights into financial‬
‭performance, customer payment behaviour, inventory valuation, and other critical‬
‭metrics, enabling better decision-making and strategic planning.‬
‭Better Financial Reporting:‬‭Integrated systems ensure‬‭consistent and accurate‬
‭financial reporting by consolidating data from multiple sources and providing a‬
‭holistic view of the organisation's financial health.‬
‭Optimised Cash Flow Management:‬‭Integration with inventory,‬‭procurement, and‬
‭payment systems helps optimise cash flow, track expenses, and manage revenue‬
‭streams more effectively.‬
‭Regulatory Compliance:‬‭Integrated systems facilitate‬‭automated regulatory filings,‬
‭tax reporting, and compliance checks, ensuring that financial data is accurately‬
‭reported and aligned with regulatory requirements.‬
‭Seamless Customer Interactions:‬‭Integration with CRM‬‭systems enables businesses‬
‭to link financial data with customer interactions, sales, and marketing activities,‬
‭enhancing customer relationship management.‬
‭Cost Savings:‬‭By reducing manual effort, minimising errors, and improving‬
‭operational efficiency, integration of digital financial tools can lead to cost savings for‬
‭the organisation.‬
‭Enhanced Data Security: Integration ensures that financial data is securely transferred‬
‭and stored across systems, maintaining data integrity and protecting sensitive financial‬
‭information.‬
‭B. Call to action for companies to embrace digital financial tools for growth and‬
‭success.‬
‭Embracing digital financial tools is essential for companies to thrive in today's‬
‭fast-paced and competitive business landscape. To encourage companies to adopt‬
‭these tools for growth and success, the following call to action can be emphasised:‬
"‭ Maximise Your Potential: Embrace Digital Financial Tools for Sustainable Growth‬
‭and Success"‬
‭In today's dynamic business environment, the adoption of digital financial tools is no‬
‭longer just an option – it's a strategic imperative. To propel your company towards‬
‭sustainable growth and lasting success, it's time to fully embrace the power of digital‬
‭financial tools.‬
‭Efficiency and Agility‬‭: Digital financial tools streamline‬‭processes, automate tasks,‬
‭and provide real-time insights, empowering your teams to operate with unparalleled‬
‭efficiency and agility.‬
‭Data-Driven Decision-Making:‬‭Harness the power of‬‭data by integrating digital‬
‭financial tools with your business systems. Gain comprehensive insights into financial‬
‭performance, customer behaviour, and market trends, enabling informed, data-driven‬
‭decision-making.‬
‭Competitive Edge:‬‭Companies that leverage digital financial tools gain a competitive‬
‭edge. By optimising cash flow, improving cost management, and enhancing financial‬
‭reporting, you position your business for success in a rapidly evolving marketplace.‬
‭Scalability and Adaptability:‬‭As your company grows,‬‭digital financial tools offer the‬
‭scalability and adaptability needed to support your expansion. Whether it's managing‬
‭increased transaction volumes or integrating with new business systems, these tools‬
‭evolve with your organisation.‬
‭Security and Compliance:‬‭Protect your financial data‬‭and ensure regulatory‬
‭compliance with robust security features and automated reporting capabilities inherent‬
‭in digital financial tools.‬
‭Joining the ranks of forward-thinking organisations that are harnessing the‬
‭transformative power of digital financial tools. The future of your company's financial‬
‭success starts with this crucial step. This call to action emphasises the transformative‬
‭impact of digital financial tools and encourages companies to seize the opportunity for‬
‭growth and success by embracing these technologies.‬

‭ HAPTER V. POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS FOR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION‬


C
‭AT ENTERPRISES AND RELATED ISSUES‬
‭1.‬ ‭Advantage of Digital Transformation in Business‬
‭Digital transformation brings about numerous advantages for businesses,‬
‭enabling them to adapt, innovate, and thrive in the rapidly evolving digital landscape.‬
‭Such as:‬
‭-‬ ‭Increased Efficiency:‬‭Digital transformation automates manual processes,‬
‭streamlining operations and reducing the time and effort required to perform‬
‭tasks. This efficiency boost leads to cost savings and improved productivity.‬
‭-‬ ‭Enhanced Customer Experience:‬‭Businesses can leverage‬‭digital‬
‭technologies to personalise interactions, provide seamless customer journeys,‬
a‭ nd offer targeted products and services. This results in higher customer‬
‭satisfaction and loyalty.‬
‭-‬ ‭Data-Driven Decision Making:‬‭With digital transformation,‬‭organisations can‬
‭collect, analyse, and leverage data to make informed and strategic decisions.‬
‭This data-driven approach allows for better insights into customer behaviour,‬
‭market trends, and operational performance.‬
‭-‬ ‭Innovation and Agility:‬‭Digital transformation fosters‬‭a culture of innovation,‬
‭enabling businesses to quickly adapt to changing market conditions, embrace‬
‭emerging technologies, and stay ahead of competitors. Agile methodologies‬
‭and practices are often integral to this transformation.‬
‭-‬ ‭Improved Competitive Positioning:‬‭Businesses that embrace digital‬
‭transformation are better positioned to stay competitive in their respective‬
‭industries. They can capitalise on new opportunities, respond to market‬
‭changes, and differentiate themselves from traditional competitors.‬
‭-‬ ‭Global Reach and Market Expansion:‬‭Digital technologies‬‭break down‬
‭geographical barriers, allowing businesses to reach a global audience.‬
‭E-commerce, digital marketing, and online platforms enable companies to‬
‭expand their market presence beyond traditional boundaries.‬

‭2.‬ ‭Disadvantage of Digital Transformation in Business‬


‭ hile digital transformation offers numerous advantages, it also comes with its‬
W
‭set of challenges and potential disadvantages. It's essential for businesses to be aware‬
‭of these issues and proactively address them. For instance:‬
‭-‬ ‭Costs and Investments:‬‭Implementing digital transformation‬‭initiatives can‬
‭require significant upfront investments in technology, training, and‬
‭infrastructure. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) may find it‬
‭challenging to allocate resources for these expenses.‬
‭-‬ ‭Resistance to Change:‬‭Employees may resist adapting‬‭to new technologies‬
‭and processes, fearing job displacement, a learning curve, or uncertainty.‬
‭Overcoming resistance and fostering a positive mindset toward digital -‬
‭transformation is crucial for success.‬
‭-‬ ‭Integration Challenges:‬‭Integrating new digital tools‬‭and technologies with‬
‭existing systems can be complex. Compatibility issues, data migration, and‬
‭interoperability challenges may arise, leading to disruptions and delays.‬
‭-‬ ‭Cybersecurity Risks:‬‭As businesses become more digitally connected, they‬
‭become potential targets for cyber-attacks. The increased reliance on digital‬
‭platforms requires robust cybersecurity measures to protect sensitive data and‬
‭maintain customer trust.‬
‭-‬ ‭Data Privacy Concerns:‬‭With the collection and analysis‬‭of vast amounts of‬
‭data, businesses must navigate privacy regulations and address concerns about‬
t‭he ethical use of customer information. Mishandling or misuse of data can lead‬
‭to legal and reputational consequences.‬
‭-‬ ‭Dependency on Technology:‬‭Relying heavily on digital‬‭technologies makes‬
‭businesses vulnerable to disruptions caused by technical issues, system failures,‬
‭or cyber threats. Downtime can have significant consequences on operations‬
‭and customer satisfaction.‬

‭3.‬ ‭Solution for business‬


‭ uccessfully navigating digital transformation requires a strategic and holistic‬
S
‭approach that addresses technological, cultural, and organisational aspects. Some‬
‭recommend solution:‬
‭●‬ ‭Optimise operating processes:‬‭Businesses can choose digital transformation‬
‭solutions to control resources and materials, helping administrators utilise‬
‭resources effectively and avoid waste. Digital transformation can also be‬
‭applied to manufacturing processes to increase productivity and efficiency‬‭.‬
‭●‬ ‭Integrating multi-channel sales system:‬‭The benefits of digital‬
‭transformation help businesses develop more sales channels, not just limited to‬
‭1 or 2 channels like traditional businesses. Nowadays, businesses can easily‬
‭connect with many channels such as offline stores, websites, hotlines,‬
‭e-commerce platforms, social networking sites, etc. This expands the ability to‬
‭reach customers and bring benefits. More diversity for businesses.‬
‭●‬ ‭Create an impressive experience:‬‭Putting customers at the centre, businesses‬
‭need to pay attention to their emotions and needs during the experience design‬
‭process. The goal is to leave an impression and make customers remember‬
‭your business at every stage.‬
‭●‬ ‭Build a unified digital business platform:‬‭Administrators can incorporate‬
‭digital transformation into their business processes. The digital business system‬
‭will act as a bridge between the company's current infrastructure company, new‬
‭business processes and streamline them. This combined with the necessary‬
‭technological capabilities will help ensure success in digital transformation.‬
‭●‬ ‭Testing new ideas:‬‭Before expanding new ideas, businesses need to deploy‬
‭Digital PoC or Proof of Concept. This is a short-term project used to test and‬
‭test new ideas on a small scale. Once the testing and testing process is‬
‭complete, businesses can evaluate the impact, investment benefits, and‬
‭potential of the idea.‬
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