ÔN TẬP NGỮ PHÁP LÝ THUYẾT TIẾNG ANH Ex 11: a simple (=one-word) finite verb phrase b complex finite verb

finite verb phrase b complex finite verb phrase c simple non-finite verb phrase
(including infinitive with to) d complex non-finite verb phrase e finite clause f non-finite clause g prepositional
Ex7:
phrase· h noun phrase i adjective phrase J adverb phrase
1 Will someone get a doctor, quickly! 12 His mother-in-law was driving him mad.
2 George and Paul both became famous doctors. 13 The driver turned the corner too quickly. 1 Fire can cause great damage to any city. 11 Leaving us at the gate, they disappeared.
3 Do you call yourself a doctor? 14 The weather is turning warmer. 2 The Great Fire of London started in a bakery. 12 Leaving us at the gate like that was very
4 May I call you Jenny? 15 The hot weather turned all the milk sour. 3 It burnt furiously for four days. thoughtless.
5 May I call you a taxi or something? 16 The young man grew very depressed. 4 Pepys has given us a vivid account of it. 13 Hand the man at the gate your ticket.
6 Call me anything you like. 17 He grew his hair long. 5 Who has given a vivid account of it? 14 I never imagined that such a thing could happen.
7 It's so cold. I can't get warm. 18 He had made a great mistake. 6 The man who has just spoken is Benjamin Hall. 15 The strange thing is that we never heard of him
8 I can't get my hands warm. 19 His in-laws had simply made him their servant. 7 They suddenly decided to christen the bell Big again.
9 Keep quiet. Keep those children cquiet. 20 His wife sometimes made him curry. Ben. 16 I thoroughly enjoyed meeting June again.
10 Can't you give them something to keep them 21 But this only made him more miserable. 8 The idea occurred to them while Hall was 17 Meeting her again has left me very happy.
quiet? 22 Show me your passport. Show me. speaking. 18 There were the cakes, burnt to a cinder.
11 The young man was slowly going mad. 23 Did you see anyone? Did you say anything? 9 The man who won the contract was Dent. 19 GRAVE DOUBTS WHETHER PEACE WILL
24 I didn't tell anybody anything. 10 The next day we were sitting in the car. LAST
20 Graves doubts whether agreement can be reached.
Ex 13: stative or dynamic

1 This tank holds precisely 10 litres. 7 We have only two tickets, I’m afraid.
2 Hold the handle very firmly. 8 I was having my coffee quietly.
3 Answer the question more precisely. 9 Smell this meat. Does it smell bad?
4 He’s a fool. Don't listen to him. 10. I think I hear someone croming.
5 I was a fool. I was driving too fast 11 I consider you acted very wisely.
6 I’d like three tickets immediately. 12 We shall consider your app!ication.
 8 the principal cause 18 the late President
9 a clear road 19 my old grandfather
10 a medical school 20 the solar system

Intensifiers Limiters Related to adverbials

Denominal Predicative only Central

Ex 75: Indicate by a tick otherwise by a dash(-), if the participles listed below can be

a used as attributive adjectives b used as predicative adjectives

c modified by very, too or so

1 amazing 5 damaging 9 insured 13 moved 17 tiring

2 broken 6 defined 10 interesting 14 opposed 18 trained
3 confused 7 forgotten 11 known 15 pleased 19 unsettled
4 damaged 8 furnished 12 limited 16 surprising 20 written

Ex 72: Exercise 57 Write the fonn of the genitive (ie with 's or of) which could be related to the following sentences.
If two forms are possible, give them both. One example is given as a guide.
1 a true scholar 11 a possible friend
2 the chief reason 12 a possible reason 1 John has a brother. 6 The captain made an 11 The school has a 16 My brother-in-law has a
3 afraid of mice 13 a faint impression 2 Thomas has a error. history. house.
4 utter stupidity 14 feeling faint sister. 7 The ship has a siren. 12 The world has 17 My parents gave their
5 my entire salary 15 pure water 3 Sophocles wrote 8 The siren made a problems. consent.
6 very unwell 16 a particular place plays. noise. 13 Europe has art 18 The man over there has a
7 a healthy man 17 fond of icecream 9 Somebody has a hat. treasures. name.
 4 Keats wrote 10 Something has a 14 The holiday lasted a 19 This book has pages.
poetry. name. week. 20 The newspaper published
5 The cow gives 15 The work took a year. this evening.
milk.
Exercise 65 Identify the non-assertive component in each of the following sentences:

1 There isn't anything we can do. 6 Is there anyone here who speaks Arabic?
2 We have scarcely any money left. 7 Before we go any further, we must agree on
3 If you need any help, please let me know. procedure.
4 I do not believe your intervention will make any 8 Is there anywhere we can go to be really quiet?
difference. 9 Unless you have anything more to say, I shall
5 We seldom have any occasion for using this consider the matter closed.
expensive machinery. 10 A curfew was imposed in an attempt to prevent
any further violence.

EX 172
Exercise 102 Indicate, by a, b, c, etc.J whether the element underlined is
a S agentive b S agent./instrumental · c S affected d S recipient · e O affected f O recipient g C current h C
resuIting

1 It feels cold today. 11 They left the house empty.

2 The cold affects me badly. 12 I don't like toast burnt.
3 The cold killed the trees. 13 I had those books burnt.
4 It is turning quite cold. 14 Who owns this hat?
5 The bell rang loudly. 15 The table is shaking.
6 I heard it ririg, too. 16 Who is shaking it?
7 You've got brains. 17 We laid him on the sofa.
8 Use your brains. 18 We made him some tea.
9 She lay in his arms. 19 These shoes cut my feet.
10 We found the house empty. 20 I’ll give you the answer. Exercise 104 Indicate, by a, b or c, whether the object underlined is a affected b effected c locative
 1 Has anyone touched the television today? 6 I climbed the hill as light fell short. Exercise 128 Indicate the position of the adverbials in the following sentences by one of these four symbols:
2 Who is making all that noise? 7 A gas leak can cause a serious explosion. I (=initial) M1 (=medial 1) M2 (=medial 2) F (=final)
3 We are just passing the Eiffel Tower. 8 We have fought a good fight - and lost.
4 Take a deep breath. 9 Have you dropped your handkerchief, my dear? 1 Honestly, I don't believe a word of it. 4 I still haven't had any reply.
5 Somebody took my coat by mistake. 10 After that I paid her a visit every evening. 2 I honestly don't know what to say. 5 I am still waiting for a reply.
3 He was never a man to answer one honestly. 6 I quite understand your predicament.
7 He can speak English very well if he wants to.
Exercise 144 Classify the disjuncts in the sentences below as a style disjuncts b attiudinal disjuncts
Exercise 111 The sentences below can be interpreted in twb ways, according to the scope or focus of negation.
Reword them in ·two ways, so as to make the different meanings clear: 1.Honestly, I was nowhere near the scene of the 6 As a matter of fact, he had only-just passed his
accident when it happened. driving test.
1 I don't lend my books to any of the students. 7 The meeting was not held on account of your 2 I was, indeed, several miles away. 7 Quite rightly, you telephoned the hospital first.
2 Everything that glitters is not gold. absence. 3 Luckily, someone managed to get in touch with 8 Foolishly, the girl who answered the telephone did
3 We haven't completed half the work. 8 You have not been dismissed in accordance with me. not ask your name.
4 My instructions do not apply to a few of you. Clause 6 of your contract. 4 I was off duty. strictly speaking. 9 I think, personally, that the girl is rather stupid.
5 All the people were not informed of the army's 9 We did not receive your letter because of delays in 5 Confidentially, the driver was inexperienced. 10 Her appointment has not yet been confirmed,
plans. the post. understandably.
6 We did not inform you because we doubted your 10 The patient did not die as a result of your Exercise 145 Transform the sentences below in one of the following three ways:
loyalty. assistance, doctor. a Clearly, there has been a mistake → It is clear that there has been a mistake.
b Fortunately, Roberts returned the cheque → it is fortunate that Roberts should have returned the cheque.
c Rightly, Roberts returned the cheque or Rightly, the cheque was returned by Roberts → Roberts was right
to return the cheque.
1 Luckily, someone managed to find me. 6 Wisely, all the doors had been bolted.
2 You telephoned the hospital first, quite rightly. 7 We shall clearly have to inform the police.
3 Foolishly, the girl did not ask your name. 8 Not unnaturally, we had all felt rather alarmed.
4 Understandably, her appointment has not been 9 The incident happened, possibly, when I was in the
confirmed. garden.
5 Curiously, the·dog never barked. 10 What is more important, we should not let it
happen again.
Exercise 259 Change the form of the phrases below so that the postmodifiers become premodifiers: 3 Not one girl in ten can a young man trust these 9 Die is the last thing I shall do, doctor.
days. 10 Suddenly, there was a loud knock at the door.
1 A house that has been built well. 7 Central heating fired by oil. 4 A scandal I·call it.
2 The article which was mentioned above. 8 Girls with blue eyes. 5 An angel that's what you are. my dear.
3 An improvement that is needed badly. 9 A man with a red nose. Exercise 267 . Rearrange each of the sentences below, using accepted patterns of subject-verb inversion.
4 A secret that has been kept closely 10 A censor with a heavy ha.nd.
5 Wealth that has never been told. 11 A tiger with teeth like sabres. 1 The rain fell down. 6 It has never been more difficult for a writer to make
6 Cruelty such as we have never heard of before. 12 A boat with a flat bottom. 2 The prices went up and up. his name.
Exercise 260 Convert each of the phrases below by using the pattern head+ postmodifying phrase. 3 He was so anxious to turn over a new leaf that he 7 A tall, gaunt figure stood at the far end of the room,
actually changed his name. staring at us.
thus: The cupboard door - The door of the cupboard. 4 He would not give up writing his satires under any 8 We only then realized how much he had suffered.
circumstances. 9. His Majesty the Emperor is now mounting the
1 water supply 11 graphite blocks
5 His determination to tell the truth about his steps.
2 a motor-bus service 12 ground-water possibilities
experiences was just as firm. 10 You would witness a spectacle like this in no other
3 repair personnel 13 surface hydrology
country in the world
4 the life sciences 14 storage capacity
5 fish protein production 15 the dam foundation
6 a space probe 16 a diversion canal
7 a radio signal 17 landing-gear components
8 a power station 18 the impact strength ( of steel)
9 peak power 19 the volume change
10 price rise rate 20 accident prevention legislation

Exercise 270 Rewrite the following sentences beginning each with anticipatory it:

1 This question is very easy to answer. 6 You seem to have taken a dislike to him.
2 Finlay is a difficult man to understand. 7 Yes, I happen to have had some nasty experiences
3 He is impossible to do business with. in dealing with him.
4 He is quite likely to let you down. 8 He is said to have been in prison once at ready.
5 He is known to double-cross his best friends. 9 You appear to know all about his past life.
Exercise 266 Identify (a) the subject, and (b) the theme, of each of the sentences below. Say whether the theme 10 He is certain to be charged with an offence.
occurs as S, Cs, Od, Co, C prep (prepositional complement), P (predication) or V (verb): Exercise 271 Rephrase these sentences so as to begin each with existential there:
1 My husband will carry your suitcase. 6 That shelf, he probably put it on. 1 A small, grey monkey was wearing my best silk tie. 6 Many citizens believed that the fire had been
2 But that heavy trunk he can't take. 7 Fool Joe may be, but thief he is not. 2 Monkeys were under the table, swinging on light- caused by foreigners.
8 Break his bloody neck, I will. fittings, everywhere. 7 My front door had a bolt but I never used it.
 3A boy named George Sampeter sat in the same class 8 The Maldives consist of several thousand little
as me. islands.
4 Several trains were coming into the station at the 9 People believed that an ancient city lay somewhere
same time. in the mountains.
5 During the Great Fire, things called firesquirts 10 Beneath our house was an old cellar with a thick
were used in an attempt to quench the flames. flint wall.
Exercise 272 Rephrase these sentences using existential there:

1 We should have a stronger light on the staircase. 6 An impregnable castle stood on the top of the hill.
2 I am sure that a mistake has been made. 7 A time will come when you look back on this day
3 We do not want any disturbance to occur. with pride.
4 Having a bus stop so near the house is a great 8 Is anyone waiting to see me?
advantage. 9 We won't have any difficulty, will we?
5 Having no further business, the Chairman closed 10 No messages have come for me. have they?
the meeting.
Exercise 273 Rephrase these sentences using existential have:

1 I think there is some dust in my eye.

2 There is mud all over your coat
3 A friend of my father's is in the Ministry.

4 I wish to raise two questions at the meeting this afternoon.

5 There is something important that I want to tell you.
Exercise 274 Rephrase the following sentences using the anticipatory it:

1 To be with you here this evening is a great pleasure. 7 That you should feel obliged to resig n at this point
2 You were so kind to invite us. is regretted.
3 To spoil this fine drawing would be a pity. 8 Seeing you sitting all alone makes me feel sad.
4 What you say does not matter in the least. 9 Getting the car on the boat was rather complicated.
5 How he came to have such a valuable painting is a 10 Do you find living here very dull?
mystery. 11 I cannot possibly forgive him.
6 I think a good idea would be to get up a petition. 12 What must be done is something which We leave
you to decide.