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1.2 Understanding Computer BIOS

The document discusses BIOS/UEFI firmware which is software stored on the motherboard that performs hardware checks and initializes components during startup. It describes legacy BIOS limitations and how UEFI BIOS handles larger drives and uses GUID partitioning. It also lists common BIOS key combinations for different manufacturers to access the BIOS setup utility.

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anonymous102798
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16 views

1.2 Understanding Computer BIOS

The document discusses BIOS/UEFI firmware which is software stored on the motherboard that performs hardware checks and initializes components during startup. It describes legacy BIOS limitations and how UEFI BIOS handles larger drives and uses GUID partitioning. It also lists common BIOS key combinations for different manufacturers to access the BIOS setup utility.

Uploaded by

anonymous102798
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNDERSTANDING

BIOS/UEFI
WHAT IS BIOS?
BIOS stands for Basic Input/Output System.
It is firmware, a type of software that is
stored on a chip on the computer's
motherboard.
FUNCTIONS OF BIOS

Power-On Self-Test (POST)


When you turn on your computer, the
BIOS performs a Power-On Self-Test to
check the hardware components such
as the CPU, memory, and storage
devices. If any issues are detected, it
98%
typically provides error codes or beeps
to indicate the problem.
FUNCTIONS OF BIOS

Booting
The BIOS is responsible for initiating
the boot process. It looks for a bootable
device, such as the hard drive or a USB
drive, and loads the initial boot loader
from that device.
98%
FUNCTIONS OF BIOS

Hardware Initialization
BIOS initializes and manages the
communication between the computer's
hardware components, including the
CPU, RAM, hard drives, and peripheral
devices. It sets the parameters for each
98%
device, ensuring they work together
harmoniously.
FUNCTIONS OF BIOS

CMOS Setup
BIOS allows users to configure system
settings through the CMOS
(Complementary Metal-Oxide-
Semiconductor) setup utility. This
includes options for setting the system
98%
clock, enabling or disabling hardware
components, and configuring boot order.
FUNCTIONS OF BIOS

Security
BIOS often includes security features
like password protection, secure boot,
and TPM (Trusted Platform Module)
support to safeguard the computer's
data and operation.
98%
TYPES OF BIOS
LEGACY BIOS
Legacy BIOS is used in older
motherboards to turn on the computer,
and it controls how the CPU and
different computer components talk to
each other. Unfortunately, the Legacy
BIOS has limitations. For example, it
can’t handle or recognize data drives
larger than 2.1 TB.
UEFI BIOS
The acronym stands for Unified
Extensible Firmware Interface. Unlike
the Legacy BIOS, the UEFI can
accommodate 2.2 TB or larger drives. In
addition, UEFI handles drives with the aid
of the Master Boot Record rather than
GPT technology, the latter being a more
modern GUID Partition Table.
HOW TO GET IN BIOS?
BIOS Keys by Manufacturer
Here's a list of common BIOS keys by brand. Depending on the age of your model,
the key may be different.

ASRock: F2 or DEL
ASUS: F2 for all PCs, F2 or DEL for Motherboards
Acer: F2 or DEL
Dell: F2 or F12
ECS: DEL
Gigabyte / Aorus: F2 or DEL
HP: F10
Lenovo (Consumer Laptops): F2 or Fn + F2
Lenovo (Desktops): F1
Lenovo (ThinkPads): Enter then F1.
MSI: DEL for motherboards and PCs
Microsoft Surface Tablets: Press and hold volume up button.
Origin PC: Delete
Samsung: F2
Toshiba: F2
Zotac: DEL
THANKYOU

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