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Text

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A network

Is two or more computers connected together with a cable or wireless


Benefits of network
-sharing files
-sharing resources
-sharing programs
-uesr communicattion
-cost saving and increasing productivity
What is the internet
Is a computer network that interconnect hundreds if millions of computing devices
thro the world
All devices is either hosts or end systems
A computer
Is an electronic device that accepts user input data and processes it
Firewall
Is a networking device either hardware or software based that controls access to
your organization network
Router
Creates larger network by joining two network segment
Hub
-simple devices
-send data to everyone witch make it inefficient devices
-if it busy network it can become bottleneck
Switch
-forwards the data to the destination device
⁃ Use MAC address
⁃ Has a bunch of cable
Wireless range extender
⁃ Can amplify a wireless signal and and male stronger
⁃ Increases distance
Bridge
- has a fewer ports than switch
-sent data that not belong here out with out clear direction
Gateway
A hardware of software solution that enables communications between to dissimilar
networks(like hub and switch)
Modem
A device that connect you to the internet
-can be add-in expansion cards
Wireless access point
A transmitter and receiver devices test to create a wireless LAN
Network interface cards
A special electronic circuit
Network software
Make the network work
Network cables
Physically connects the computers it plugs the network to the (NIC)
Twisted pair cables
-transnsmissions voice (used for telephone)
-also used in networking
-is lighter more flexible and easier to install
-have more speed than coaxial and cheaper
Two main types to twisted pair
-unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
-shielded twisted pair (STP)
UTP
Is more common than STP
STP
-insulating material wrapped around the wires with in the cable
-the extra protection increases the distance witch increase the cost
Coax cable
⁃ Tv signal transmission and network implementation
⁃ Coax is copper core (main wire) carries the signal
⁃ Insulation ( plastic)
⁃ Ground (braided metal shielding)
⁃ Other insulation
Fiber
⁃ Use light transmission instead of electronic pulses
⁃ Can travel long distance with no problem
⁃ Can only be stopped physically
⁃ Difficult to install and maintain
⁃ Require skilled tech and special tools
⁃ Lists the orgniazitonis that can afford it
Protocols
A method or a set of rules was needed to establish how systems would communcaite
Connection oriented
-data delivery is guaranteed (it resend data if not received)
Connectionless protocols
⁃ The data is just send with no cofirmation
⁃ There no mechanism to resend the data therefor not guaranteed
Internet protocol (IP)
RESPONSIBLE for delivering packets to network devices
Uses logical (IP) addresses to refer to individual devices rather than physical
(MAC)
IP use fragmentation and addressing
Transmission controls protocol (TCP)
Establishes a mutually acknowledged session between two hosts before communication
take place
User datagram protocol (UDP)
It assumes data is delivered will reach destination
Unlike (TCP) UDP have no session between the sending and receiving hosts
File transfer protocol (FTP)
Provides for the uploading and downloading of file from remote host FTP server
software
Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP)
Defines how mail messages sent between hosts
Post office e protocol (POP)V3 /INTERNET access protocol V4
User can’t always immediately read the mail POP3 IMAP3 enable you to read it
Telnet
Enable session to be opened on a remotes host and the the host can commands
Secure shell
Is secure alternative to telnet is encrypting data as it travels
Internet controls message protocol (ICMP)
Work with IP layer to provide error checking and reporting functionality
Dynamic host configuration (DHCP)
PROVIDE DYNAMIC IP addressing to DHCP enabled workstation on the network

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