Scribd
Upload
6 views

Lesson 2

The document discusses the life cycle of cells including the cell cycle and its different phases. It explains that cells can be specialized or differentiated with specific functions and structures. The cell cycle consists of interphase where the cell grows and replicates its DNA, and the mitotic phase where the cell divides into two identical cells through mitosis and cytokinesis.

Uploaded by

Clara Chunjing Vaquero De León
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

Lesson 2

The document discusses the life cycle of cells including the cell cycle and its different phases. It explains that cells can be specialized or differentiated with specific functions and structures. The cell cycle consists of interphase where the cell grows and replicates its DNA, and the mitotic phase where the cell divides into two identical cells through mitosis and cytokinesis.

Uploaded by

Clara Chunjing Vaquero De León
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 29

THE LIFE OF A CELL Cell cycle

ALL CELLS HAVE A SPECIFIC FUNCTION

Can you think of some


examples?
SPECIALIZED/DIFFERENTIATED CELLS

1. Specific function
2. Specific structure
SPECIALIZED/DIFFERENTIATED CELLS
SPECIALIZED/DIFFERENTIATED CELLS
SPECIALIZED/DIFFERENTIATED CELLS

Stem cells are non-differentiated cells (unspecialized cells)


Many cells and
the same
genetic material
(copy of the genetic material of the
zygote)
CELL LIVE, DO THEIR FUNCTION
AND SOMETIMES DIVIDE…

Why do cells need to divide?


NOT ALL CELLS DIVIDE

WHICH cells divide?

Mature nerve cells, cardiac muscle cells, skeletal muscle fibers, fat cells, red blood cells, bone
cells (osteocytes), and white blood cells (except lymphocytes) do not undergo division.
Why do cells need to divide?

(Multicellular organisms)
(Unicellular organisms)
TWO MAIN MOMENTS IN THE CELL LIFE

Interphase: Mitotic phase: division


development
CELL CYCLE
INTERPHASE

During this stage the cell grows, develops more organelles, DNA is duplicated
and centrosomes duplicate. The cell becomes ready for the next division.
It is the longest stage of the cell cycle; cell perfoming its usual functions.
The nucleus has the usual structure (DNA not condensed = chromatin).

There are 3 distinguished phases during Interphase:


➢ G1: Cell growth, organelles and cytoplasm substances duplicate
➢ S: DNA replication.
➢ G2: Further growth and organization of celular contents. Cell checks for error
in replication, finishes duplicating centrosomes. Ready for division.

G0 (cell cycle arrest) is a stage in which the cell stops dividing and is
metabolically active.
G1 short time
***Chromosomes are not visible under microscope until mitosis
G0 most time
***CELL CYCLE

Cell checks for error in replication,


finishes duplicating centrosomes.
Ready for division.

DNA Cell growth, organelles and


Replication cytoplasm substances
duplicate (except DNA)
MITOTIC PHASE
Mitosis: Division of the nucleus Cytokinesis: Division of the cytoplasm

1 cell nucleus divides into 2


identical nuclei. Same DNA.

You might also like