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Unit 82 Assignment 2

The document discusses different types of fuel tanks and fuel systems used in aircraft. It provides details on rigid and flexible fuel tanks, and describes basic fuel systems. It also includes a table comparing different types of aviation fuel. The document then discusses components of fuel systems like wing fuel tanks, booster pumps, fuel heat exchangers, and fuel filters.

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micropig1234
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9 views

Unit 82 Assignment 2

The document discusses different types of fuel tanks and fuel systems used in aircraft. It provides details on rigid and flexible fuel tanks, and describes basic fuel systems. It also includes a table comparing different types of aviation fuel. The document then discusses components of fuel systems like wing fuel tanks, booster pumps, fuel heat exchangers, and fuel filters.

Uploaded by

micropig1234
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 82 assignment 2:

Task 1:
1) Rigid fuel tanks:
Rigid tanks are inexpensive and simple, making it a good cheap tank. But it does give
lots of weight addition, increases stress at attached point, wastes space and needs
large access panels.
Flexible fuel tanks:
They use space well, their lightweight, loads are taken by the aircraft, only need
small access panels, and has crash resistant. But can be damaged easily and will
shrink and crack if fuel dries out.
2) Fuel systems differ greatly from aircraft to aircraft due to the relative size and
complexity of the aircraft in which they are installed. In the most basic form. a fuel
system will consist of a single, gravity feed fuel tank with the associated fuel line
connecting it to the aircraft engine.
3)

Fuel Name Jet A-1 Jet B Avgas 100 LL Bio Kerosene


Fuel Type Kerosene Kerosene- Gasoline Kerosene-
gasoline mix biofuel mix
Applications Civil Civil aviation Sport Civil aviation
aviation(jet military(jet aviation(stunt military mix
engine turbo engine) planes)
prop)
4) This Fuel BSI warning symbol is meant to attract the person’s eye as it has a stand
out red background which would be mounted on a white surface where the stars will
indicate that the fluid is flammable and explosive, and not to mention the big ‘fuel’
words across the symbol itself.

Fuel Heaters Heat Exchangers


Fuel heaters in GTEs, as fuelIsystems are very Heat Exchangers in an Aircraft. Heat exchangers
susceptibleAto the formation of ice in the fuel enable thermal energyato be transferred from
filters. So when the fuel in the aircraft fuel tanks one mediumato another without the two
cools to 0 °C or below, residual waterAin the fuel media that is water and gas coming into
tends to freeze, forming ice crystals. When these ice
contact with each other. At high altitudes,
crystals in the fuel become trapped in the filter, they
block fuel flow to the engine, which causes a theadensity of air isadrastically lower. So it
veryaserious problem. To prevent this problem, the takes more airflow to remove the same amount
fuel is kept at a temperatureaabove freezing. of heat since the same volume ofaair has fewer
Warmer fuel also can improve combustion, so some air molecules for absorption of heat.
means of regulating the fuel temperature
isaneeded.
Task 2:

Wing fuel tank:

As it sounds wing has the integrated fuel tank to save space and weight for long distance and reliable flight.
The fuel takes up the entire wing interior but it does allow the plane to keep its aerodynamics.

Booster pump:

This is where the impeller would direct the fuel towards or down the piping into the system to get the flow of
the fuel to the correct amount for the GTE to burn the right amount for the right combustion.

LP Fuel pump:

This function is to make the fuel flow at lower pressures, as indicated into the name, to flow through the
piping at high altitudes.

Fuel Heat exchanger:

This is a heat exchanger with a gas passing upwards through a shower of fluid, and the fluid is then taken
elsewhere before being cooled. This is commonly used for cooling gases whilst also removing certain
impurities, solving two problems at once.

LP fuel filter:

The purpose of this is to remove/stop contaminants in the fuel system with either a foam or metal element.

HP Fuel pump:

This is where the fuel will increase in pressure to prepare itself for the combustion process.

Fuel control unit:

This distributes the right amount of fuel to the combustion chamber so not too much fuel is burnt at once or
so not fuel piping doesn’t get set alight because of lots of fuel going through to the chamber. Also known as
the FADEC.

FCOC:

Its main purpose is to cool a variety of oil systems, where temperatures are reduced via relatively cool fuel.

-Advantages, it prevents filter blockages, cools oil, located in supply lines, fuel warms which prevents
undissolved water from freezing.

-Disadvantages, fuel heats up which if too hot could cause vapour locks, expensive, needs maintenance
regularly.
Task 3:
1) The main function of a fire detection system is to indicate to the pilot that a fire is
present either in the APU, engines or cabin for example.
2) To stop the fire they need a detection system that tells them that a fire is present
and where it’s present. But for example, when something such as a fire wire would
get lit up by a fire it would send a signal to a two-shot system which would shoot
CO2 at the component on fire and put it out where the pilot would be informed.
3) An inertia switch is designed to operate when the plane is subject to sudden
deceleration. The crash switches will be connected in series to prevent failure of one
that does not trigger emergency systems. The switches consist of a weighted piston
that are held in position by a bow shaped spring. When the planes decelerates
suddenly the momentum overcomes the bow shaped springs which bridge two
electrical contacts to complete a circuit. But the main effect it has is that it will shut
down electrical and fuel components to reduce that chances of fire and electrical
fires on the plane so sudden stops will or could trigger this.
4)

5) A fire warning panel is literally how it sounds, it shows you where or what areas of
the plane are at risk to fires by lighting up text clearly so the pilot can set off fire
suppressants or fix an issue before another pops up.
6)

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