AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

TransCore
8600 Jefferson Street NE
Albuquerque, New Mexico 87113

January 2012
P/N 411055-007
© 1999 TC License, Ltd. All rights reserved. TRANSCORE is a registered trademark of TC License, Ltd. All
other trademarks listed are the property of their respective owners. Contents are subject to change. Printed in
the U.S.A.

For further information, contact:

TransCore
3410 Midcourt Road, Suite 102
Carrollton, Texas 75006 USA

Phone: (214) 461-4031

Fax: (214) 461-6478

Technical Support
Web: transcore.com/rfidsupport
Phone: (505) 856-8007

For comments or questions about this document, e-mail [email protected].

 WARNING TO USERS IN THE UNITED STATES

FCC RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENT

47 CFR §15.105(a)

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency (RF) energy and may cause harmful interference to radio
communications if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual. Operating this
equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case, depending on the
regulations in effect, the users may be required to correct the interference at their own expense.

NO UNAUTHORIZED MODIFICATIONS
47 CFR §15.21

CAUTION: This equipment may not be modified, altered, or changed in any way without permission
from TransCore, LP. Unauthorized modification may void the equipment authorization from the FCC and
will void the TransCore warranty.

USE OF SHIELDED CABLES IS REQUIRED

47 CFR §15.27(a)

NOTE: Shielded cables must be used with this equipment to comply with FCC regulations.

TransCore, LP
USA
Contents
vi
 Contents

1 Overview

About this Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

2 Setting up the Programmer

Optional Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Electrical Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Antistatic Workstation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Grounding Wire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Using the ESD Wrist Strap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Antistatic Mat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Ionized Air Blower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
ESD-Safe Tags Container . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Seals and Plugs for Tag Programming Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

Preventing Condensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

Tag Programming Head. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

Positioning Brackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

Removing/Installing the Tag Positioning Bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

Connecting the Host Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

Interfacing the Programmer With the Host Using a Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

3 Operating the Programmer

Indicator Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Sign-On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Command Execution Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

RS–232 Command Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

Enable Tone Generator (#120<cr>) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Disable Tone Generator (#121<cr>) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Program Tag Using TransCore 6-Bit ASCII Format (#200xxx...<cr>) . . . . . . . . 3-6
Program Tag Using 4-Bit ASCII Hex Format (#201xxx...<cr>) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Read/Verify Tag Data Using TransCore 6-Bit ASCII Format (#210<cr>) . . . . . 3-7
Read/Verify Tag Data Using 4-Bit ASCII Hex Format (#211<cr>) . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
System Reset (#30<cr>) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Display System Status (#40<cr>) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Display Tag Interlock Switch Status (#42<cr>) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

Programming The Tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

Verifying Tag Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Security Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

4 Troubleshooting

5 Maintenance
Leaving Tags on Programming Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

A Programmer Specifications

B RS–232 Connector Pinout

C TransCore 6-Bit ASCII Format

D 4-Bit ASCII Hex Codes

E Programmer Response Codes

F Security Characters

viii
 Contents

List of Figures
Figure 2-1 Programming Workstation with ESD Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Figure 2-2 Tag Port with ESD Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Figure 2-3 Tag Positioning Brackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Figure 2-4 Serial Interface Connection to Host Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Figure 3-1 AP4110 Programmer Indicator Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Figure 5-1 Pin Block on Tag Programming Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

List of Tables
Table 2-1 AP4110 Tag Programming Head Kit Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Table 2-2 Modem Setup Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Table B-1 RS–232 Connector Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Table C-1 6-Bit ASCII Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3
Table D-1 4-Bit ASCII Hex Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-3
Table E-1 Programmer Response Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-3
Table F-1 ASCII Security Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-3

ix
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

x
 1
Overview
 Chapter 1
Overview

The AP4110 tag programmer allows you to enter data into the nonvolatile storage of
an Amtech tag for use in automatic equipment identification (AEI), automatic vehicle
identification (AVI), or electronic toll and traffic management (ETTM) applications.
TransCore/Amtech readers can then read and verify this data, using radio frequency
(RF) signals. Appendix A contains the AP4110 tag programmer specifications.
The AP4110 tag programmer, called the programmer, accepts simple RS–232
commands from a host system such as an IBM-compatible personal computer (PC) or
from a communications terminal. You can use the programmer to perform tag
programming and tag data verification functions.
The programmer operates either in a factory environment with AC power or in the
field with external battery power.

About this Document

The AP4110 Tag Programmer User Guide is designed to be used by technical
personnel operating AP4110 hardware and related software.
Each AP4110 order includes this manual along with TransCore’s Tag Programming
(TP) software and the Tag Programming Software User Guide. The Tag
Programming Software User Guide provides instructions for connecting equipment,
installing TransCore's TP software, and programming and verifying tag codes using
the TP software.
This AP4110 Tag Programmer User Guide discusses the proper setup of the AP4110
tag programming system including power considerations, indoor and outdoor
environmental factors, tag programming head setup, and the host system interface.
This user guide provides instructions on tag programming and tag verification
sequences, as well as maintenance and troubleshooting tips. As a reference, Chapter 3,
“Operating the Programmer” includes a list of the RS–232 commands recognized by
the programmer.
The appendices in this manual contain additional technical reference information,
such as programmer specifications, response codes used by the programmer to
identify system problems, and descriptions of the data formats used by the
programmer.

1-3
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

1-4
 2
Setting up the Programmer
 Chapter 2
Setting up the Programmer

The programmer is shipped with the items listed below. When unpacking your order,
make sure all of the following items are included.
• AP4110 tag programmer, with a tag programming head kit. Each kit includes a
base plate, a pin block, an interlock switch, and a tag positioning bracket.
• Tag Programming software diskette
• Tag Programming Software User Guide

• Tag programming head

• Power transformer and cable to convert AC voltage to 12 V DC

• Ground wire for programming unit

• Static-suppression wrist strap

• Programmer-to-PC RS–232 connecting cable

• DB9 null modem

If any of the above items are missing from your order, contact your TransCore
distributor.
Either a host system — such as a PC — or a communications terminal is required to
operate the programmer. TransCore does not supply this equipment for the AP4110
programmer.
TransCore strongly recommends that you use specially-designed plugs and O-rings to
seal each tag after you have programmed it. Plugs and O-rings are available at extra
cost. See page 8 for more information.

Optional Accessories
The optional accessory items listed below are available at extra cost. Specific
programming applications may require one or more of these accessories; however,
none is necassary for the basic tag programming sequence described in this manual.
These items may be shipped with the programmer but do not require configuration at
the factory before shipment.
• Plug extraction kit (model AS8003)
• Plug extraction kit for molded extraction hole plugs (model AS8004)

2-3
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

• Plug insertion tool for transportation tags (model AS8010)

• Automobile power adapter cord kit to connect the programmer and, if desired, a
notebook or laptop PC to the vehicle 12 V DC power, using the cigarette lighter
socket
• Modem for operating the programmer with a remote host system. TransCore rec-
ommends the MultiTech® model 224.
• Interchangeable tag programming head kit
Additional programming heads kits allow you to program different types of tags that
require different programming pin terminations without buying a separate
programmer for each type of tag. For example, with the correct programming head
kits you could program both TollTags® and license plate tags with only one
programmer. Table 2-1 lists each programming head kit and the types of tags with
which each kit can be used.

Table 2-1 AP4110 Tag Programming Head Kit Options

Assembly Final Head

Number Assy. Type Tag Models Tag Type

05117-01 -01 A AT5110, AT5111, AT5125, AT5530, AT5715 Beam Rail

05118-01 -02 B AT5100, AT5540, AT5547 TollTags®
05119-01 -03 C AT5531, AT5541, AT5542, AT5544, AT5545 Compact
05117-01 -04* A AT5110, AT5111, AT5125, AT5530, Rail and
AT5541, AT5715 Compact
05094-01 -05 D AT5110, AT5111, AT5125, AT5530, Rail and
AT5541, AT5715 Compact
05147-01 -06 E AT5140, AT5145 License Plate
05160-01 -07 F AT5510, AT5515 Battery-powered
Rail

* Final assembly -04 includes a type C head and a cigarette lighter adapter.

Contact your TransCore distributor for more information on tag programming head
kits.

Electrical Power
The programmer can be powered by either 110 V AC/12 V DC 50/60 Hz or 220 V
AC/12 V DC 50/60 Hz power transformers, or by a car battery via the optional
cigarette lighter adapter cable.

2-4
 Setting up the Programmer

Any 12 V DC source must meet the electrical requirements stated in Appendix A,

Programmer Specifications. The 12 V DC source must have a mating connector with
the proper polarity of inner/outer conductors.
For 110 V operation, connect the 110 V AC/12 V DC power transformer to a 110 V
50/60 Hz wall outlet.
For 220 V operation, use the 220 V AC/12 V DC power transformer and connect to a
220 V 50/60 Hz outlet.

Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage

Caution
Amtech tags are sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD), and precautions are nec-
essary to ensure proper tag programming operation. Use the grounded ESD static-
suppression wrist strap whenever using the programmer. Additional protection
from ESD is recommended where practicable.
Static is generated by friction. Some causes of static include the following:
• Shoes moving across a carpeted or plastic floor

• Hot air blowing into a room from a hot-air duct

• Rubbing tags together

• Rubbing tags across a table top

• Wearing certain types of clothing

Electrostatic discharge may cause significant damage to the tag and will adversely
affect a tag’s operating performance. Typical symptoms of ESD include the
following:
• Inability to program the tag
• Greatly reduced operating range

• Tag operating failure

2-5
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

Antistatic Workstation
In a factory or fixed indoor environment, position the programmer in an antistatic
workstation. Well-designed workstations use a system of multiple precautions against
ESD. Figure 2-1 shows an antistatic workstation.

Figure 2-1 Programming Workstation with ESD Controls

Contact TransCore at (214) 461-4031 if you have any questions concerning the
suitability of your programming station or environment.
You can take several precautions to prevent ESD from affecting programming
operations. The most effective precautions are listed below. The potential for ESD
damage decreases when two or more precautions are used together.

Grounding Wire
Caution
You should always connect your programmer to earth ground before beginning pro-
gramming operations.
The programmer has circuitry that redirects potential high charges on the tag program-
ming head to the chassis ground of the unit, away from the critical signal processing
elements. Use the green ground wire provided with your programmer to connect the
ground of the programmer to earth ground.

Using the ESD Wrist Strap

Caution
You should always attach the ESD wrist strap before beginning programming oper-
ations in any setting.
1. Be sure the programmer is connected to an earth ground.
2. Connect the banana plug of the ESD wrist strap to the ESD jack on the front of
the unit.

2-6
 Setting up the Programmer

3. Attach the ESD strap to your wrist by adjusting the hook and loop material.

Antistatic Mat
The antistatic work mat on which your programmer sits should be connected to earth
ground through the standard 1 Megohm resistance that should be provided with the
mat. The mat should also be clean and free of any electrical path to direct earth
ground.

Ionized Air Blower

You may choose to set up an ionized air blower at your workstation to provide
additional ESD protection. Ionized air blowers neutralize tags from static build-up
before programming.

ESD-Safe Tags Container

Keep tags in the original box on an antistatic mat or within an ESD-safe container
until they are programmed. Grounded metallic containers are best for inhibiting ESD.

Seals and Plugs for Tag Programming Ports

Each unprogrammed tag has a removable ESD seal over its programming port. Leave
the ESD seal over the tag’s programming port in place (Figure 2-2) until the tag is
programmed.

Figure 2-2 Tag Port with ESD Seal

At additional cost, TransCore provides plugs and O-ring seals to protect programmed
tags. Use one plug and one O-ring seal to cover the tag programming port
immediately after programming. Do not leave programmed tags unplugged. Contact
your TransCore distributor to order the plugs and O-ring seals.

2-7
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

Preventing Condensation
High humidity environments (greater than 85 % humidity) can affect tag
programming adversely. Condensation may occur on the tags’ programming pads,
preventing successful programming and reading. If tags have been exposed to such an
environment, remove the tags from this environment and allow them to dry prior to
programming.

Tag Programming Head

The programmer is shipped with a programming head, which is a base plate installed
on top of the programmer. The programming head features a positioning bracket to
guide the tag into the correct position over spring-loaded contact pins. When the tag is
pressed down onto the head, the pins make contact with the tag’s internal printed
circuit board.
Each tag programming head incorporates an interlock switch. This switch closes
when the tag is adequately seated to ensure good physical contact between the spring-
loaded contact pins and the tag circuitry. This switch closure activates the
programmer’s tag processor.
The programming head’s contact pins in the pin block are grooved to ensure reliable
connection to the pads on the tag circuit board. These pins require regular cleaning.
Refer to Chapter 5, “Maintenance” for the recommended cleaning procedure.

Positioning Brackets
Positioning brackets, Figure 2-3, are available for large and small transportation tags,
including the TollTag®. For some applications, interchangeable positioning brackets

2-8
 Setting up the Programmer

may be available for programming tags of different sizes on a single large-format tag
programming head.

Figure 2-3 Tag Positioning Brackets

Consult your TransCore distributor for more information regarding these positioning
brackets. If you have not already received the positioning bracket you need, contact
your TransCore distributor.
Ensure that the desired tag positioning bracket is installed on the programmer. If the
bracket is not installed, refer to the following section of this document, Removing/
Installing the Tag Positioning Bracket.

Removing/Installing the Tag Positioning Bracket

Depending upon the screws used to install the head assembly, you will need either a
5/64 in. Allen wrench or a Phillips-head screwdriver to remove or install the
positioning bracket.
1. Remove the screws securing the tag positioning bracket.
2. Gently lift the bracket off the unit and set the bracket aside.
3. Position the new bracket on top of the unit.
4. Secure the new bracket to the unit using the original screws.

2-9
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

Connecting the Host Device

The programmer requires connection to a host device — a host computer or
communications terminal — for normal operation. Figure 2-4 illustrates the
connection from the programmer to the host.

Figure 2-4 Serial Interface Connection to Host Computer

The programmer is configured as a data terminal equipment (DTE) device and may
require a null modem connected between the host and the programmer for operating
communications. If the host system is a PC or a communications terminal, then a null
modem will be required. The null modem serves as an adapter, allowing direct
connection between DTE devices by emulating the physical connections of a data
communications equipment (DCE) device. TransCore provides a DB9 null modem
for this purpose.
Refer to the Interfacing the Programmer With the Host Using a Modem section of this
chapter for information on connecting a modem for remote host operations.
The serial connection between the programmer and the host system must meet
standard Electronics Industries Association (EIA) RS–232 specifications. Refer to
Appendix B for specifications of the programmer’s RS–232 pinouts.
To connect the programmer to the host computer, follow the steps below:
1. Connect the RS–232 cable from the unit to the host computer system, using the
null modem if the host system is an IBM-compatible or a conventional terminal.
2. Switch on power to the programmer. You should hear three beeps.
3. The programmer’s data terminal ready (DTR) line will be asserted when the unit
has successfully completed its power-on self-test and configuration. At this time,
if the data set ready (DSR) is asserted, either from the host or modem, the
programmer will assume a full RS–232 interface and will perform hardware

2-10
 Setting up the Programmer

handshaking on all serial communications. If you do not hear the programmer

beep or if the host system cannot communicate with the programmer, refer to
Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting.”

Interfacing the Programmer With the Host Using a

Modem
The programmer can be connected to a modem and operated from a remote host
system. Configure the modem in stand-alone mode to auto-answer the host system
and then to allow direct communications through to the programmer. Connected to
the modem, the programmer detects the DSR line and performs hardware flow control
with the modem. The programmer-to-modem connection runs at a rate of 9600 baud.
The modem-to-host link over the telephone lines runs at the baud rate used by the host
system, typically 1200 or 2400 baud.
To set up the modem, follow the steps below.
1. Configure the modem with a terminal using the parameters shown in Table 2-2.
2. Connect the modem to the programmer using the RS–232 cable included with
your programmer.
3. Power on the programmer and the modem.
When the host system dials into the modem, the modem should auto-answer and
provide a direct connection to the programmer.
Note: These parameters are representative for the MultiTech¨ modem model 224.
TransCore recommends the 224 model for use with the AP4110 programmer. Contact
your TransCore distributor for information on ordering this modem.

Table 2-2 Modem Setup Parameters

Parameter Setup Command

Restore factory defaults AT&F&W

Baud rate adjust off AT&BA0
Modem reset on DTR AT&D3
No command echo ATE0
Modem hard flow on AT&E11
Modem to DTE baud AT$SB9600
Suppress result code ATQ1
Answer 1 ring ATS0=1
Save as default AT&W

If communications between the programmer and host are not established, verify that
the modem is configured correctly, and check all cable connections.

2-11
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

If the programmer still is unable to communicate with the host, connect the
programmer directly to the host using the RS–232 cable. With Amtech Tag
Programming software running, the host system will be able to identify any problems
with the programmer or system configuration.
For information on loading Tag Programming software and on entering the commands
used to configure the host, refer to Chapter 3, “Operating the Programmer.”

2-12
 3
Operating the Programmer
 Chapter 3
Operating the Programmer

This chapter describes how to program user data into a tag and how to
verify or read back the user data; it also lists the RS–232 command set
and describes the security character operation.

Before programming, the programmer system must be set up as specified in Chapter

2, “Setting Up the Programmer.” The programmer must be connected either to a host
system running Tag Programming (TP) software or to a communications terminal.
You will need to manually enter the RS–232 control commands if you are using a
communications terminal.
To load and use the TP software for programming tags, refer to the Tag Programming
Software User Guide provided with the programmer.
To operate the programmer using a communications terminal or a personal computer
that does not use TP software, follow the steps in the Tag Programming Sequence and/
or Tag Verification Sequence sections of this chapter, as appropriate to your task. Use
the programmer commands listed in the RS–232 Command Set in this chapter.
The programmer can be powered by either 110 V AC/12 V DC 50/60 Hz or 220 V
AC/12 V DC 50/60 Hz power transformers, or by a car battery via the optional
cigarette lighter adapter cable. Refer to Chapter 2, “Setting Up the Programmer,” or
to Appendix A, Programmer Specifications, for additional information.

3-3
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

Indicator Lights
Figure 3-1 illustrates the indicator lights used by the programmer during operation

Figure 3-1 AP4110 Programmer Indicator Lights

PROGRAM The tag is being programmed.
VERIFY The programmer has read and verified the tag
identification (ID) code.
ERROR An error has occurred while programming the current tag.
POWER The programmer is receiving power.
READY The programmer is ready to program tags.
LOW BATTERY Indicates the external power source is lower than 10 V.
When the external power supply is low, the programming
operation is not guaranteed to be reliable.

Sign-On
You should expect to see the following sign-on message on the screen of the host
system or a communications terminal upon power-up or after you send the
programmer command #30:
#Model AP4110 Ver X.XX
#Copyright 1991 TransCore
where X.XX is the current software version.

3-4
 Operating the Programmer

Command Execution Protocol

The programmer sends an appropriate acknowledgment to the host device upon the
successful or unsuccessful execution of any command received.
All programmer commands are in the following format:
#abcxxxxxx...xxxxxx<cr>
where
# start of command character. All commands must start with this
character.
abc the command

xxx... user data

<cr> carriage return
If command execution is successful, the programmer sends the response
#Done<cr>
If command execution is unsuccessful, the programmer sends the response
#Error<cr>

RS–232 Command Set

Programmer commands are listed below. Use these commands following the format
described in the Command Execution Protocol section above.

Enable Tone Generator (#120<cr>)

The default state of the audible tone generator is tone enabled. The tone generator
creates audible responses described as beep, triple beep, and solid tone. This
command re-enables the programmer’s audible response capability after it has been
disabled by the #121 command.
Response:
#Done<cr>

Disable Tone Generator (#121<cr>)

This command disables the programmer’s audible response capability. The default
state of the audible tone generator is tone enabled.
Response:
#Done<cr>

3-5
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

Program Tag Using TransCore 6-Bit ASCII Format

(#200xxx...<cr>)
The programmer programs the user’s data (xxx...) into the tag using the TransCore 6-
bit ASCII format. This format requires 20 characters of data. Refer to Appendix C
for a description of this format.
During execution of this command, a series of beeps indicates that the programmer is
waiting for a tag to be placed in the tag positioning bracket. If you do not place the tag
in the bracket within a 10-sec limit, the programmer will abort this command.
Response:
#xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx<cr>
#Done<cr>
or
#Error<cr>

Program Tag Using 4-Bit ASCII Hex Format

(#201xxx...<cr>)
The programmer programs the user’s data (xxx...) into the tag using the 4-bit ASCII
hexadecimal (hex) format. This format requires 30 characters of data. Refer to
Appendix D for a description of this ASCII hex format.
During execution of this command, a series of beeps indicates that the programmer is
waiting for a tag to be placed in the tag positioning bracket. If the you do not place the
tag in the bracket within a 10-sec limit, the programmer will abort this command.
Response:
#xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx<cr>
#Done<cr>
or
#Error<cr>

3-6
 Operating the Programmer

Read/Verify Tag Data Using TransCore 6-Bit ASCII

Format (#210<cr>)
The programmer reads the data from the tag, puts it into the TransCore 6-bit ASCII
format, and sends it to the host device. Refer to Appendix C for a description of this
6-bit ASCII format.
During execution of this command, a series of beeps indicates that the programmer is
waiting for a tag to be placed in the tag positioning bracket. If you do not place the tag
in the bracket within a 10-sec limit, the programmer will abort this command.
Response:
#xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx<cr>
#Done<cr>
or
#Error<cr>

Read/Verify Tag Data Using 4-Bit ASCII Hex For-

mat (#211<cr>)
The programmer reads the data from the tag, puts it into the 4-bit ASCII hex format,
and sends it to the host device. Refer to Appendix D for this ASCII hex format.
During execution of this command, a series of beeps indicates that the programmer is
waiting for a tag to be placed in the tag positioning bracket. If you do not place the tag
in the bracket within a 10-sec limit, the programmer will abort this command.
Response:
#xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx<cr>
#Done<cr>
or
#Error<cr>

System Reset (#30<cr>)

The command resets the programmer to its original power-on state with the self-test.
Response (system sign-on message):
#Model AP4110 Ver X.XX
#Copyright 1991 TransCore
where X.XX is the current software version
or
#Error<cr>

3-7
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

Display System Status (#40<cr>)

This command requests a 2-digit status response code from the programmer indicating
the status of the last operation performed. Refer to Appendix E for a description of the
programmer response codes that refer to system status.
Response:
#xx<cr>
where XX is the 2-digit response code. The code 00 indicates that the programmer
performed the last operation without error.

Display Tag Interlock Switch Status (#42<cr>)

This command requests a 2-digit status response from the programmer indicating the
status of its tag interlock switch. It is designed to be used during remote programming
activities when the host computer is not at the site where tags are being programmed.
The response notifies personnel at the host computer site that a tag is present on the
programming head, so that tag data can be sent.
Response:
#01<cr>switch depressed
#00<cr>switch not depressed

Programming The Tag

To program a tag, follow the steps below:
1. Send the programmer the appropriate #200 <cr> or #201<cr> command along
with the user data you want to program onto the tag. Use command #200 if you
are using the TransCore 6-bit format for your data; use command #201 for the 4-
bit hex data format.
2. When the programmer begins its 10-sec timer, indicated by an audible beep once
every second, place the tag you want to program into the tag positioning bracket
and press the tag firmly into place.
If the tag is placed within the 10-sec period, the programmer programs the user
data, verifies the user data, and sends a response to the host system.
If the tag is not placed within the 10-sec period, the programmer aborts the
command, sends the #Error<cr> response to the host, and emits a solid tone.
When the tag is successfully programmed, the programmer responds with a triple beep
and with the following response:
xxx...<cr>
#Done<cr>
where XXX... is the tag data read from the tag and encoded in the specified format.

3-8
 Operating the Programmer

If the tag programming process fails, the programmer responds with a solid tone and
with #Error<cr>.
If you receive this response, begin again at step 1 of this sequence.

Verifying Tag Data

To verify the data on a tag, follow these steps:
1. Send the programmer the appropriate #210<cr> or #211<cr> command. Use
command #210 if you are using the TransCore 6-bit format for your data; use
command #211 for the 4-bit hex data format.
2. When the programmer begins its 10-sec timer indicated by an audible beep once
every second, place the proper tag into the tag positioning bracket and press
down.
If you place the tag down within the 10-sec period, the programmer reads the tag
data, checks for data integrity, and sends the #Done response to the host system.
If you do not place the tag down within the 10-sec period, the programmer aborts
the command and sends the #Error<cr> response to the host.
If the verification process is not successful, begin again at step 1.

Security Characters
The tag security character function prevents the use of unauthorized tags in any
TransCore electronic identification system. All AP4110 tag programmers have the
capability, when enabled, to program specific, predefined security characters into a
tag. This capability is enabled at the factory if it is specified in an authorized order.
Security characters are available for American Trucking Associations (ATA) and
International Standards Organization (ISO) tag data formats.
Note: The security character function may only be used when you program your tag
data in the 4-bit hex format using command #201. The security character function
may NOT be used if you program your tag data with the 6-bit ASCII format using
command #200, even though the security characters are 6-bit characters.

When enabled, the security character function stores two characters, specific 6-bit
patterns designated for security coding purposes, in the programmer's nonvolatile
memory. These characters, selected at the factory for each programmer, may be two
specific characters from the list of security characters in Appendix F or one character
each from Appendix F and Appendix C.
When a tag programmer has tag security enabled, all tags programmed contain the
assigned security characters in the designated positions of the tag data. Security
characters comprise the second half of the 26th character through the first half of the
29th character when data is in the 4-bit hex format.

3-9
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

The programmer places security characters into their associated tag data locations
when security characters in the tag data entered with command #201 match the
internal security characters stored in the programmer by factory personnel.
The programmer will not store onto a tag security codes that differ from those stored
in the programmer’s internal memory. If you attempt to program the tag with security
characters that do not match the internal security characters of the programmer (i.e.,
incorrect or improperly obtained codes), the programmer automatically programs the
space character into both security character locations.
When you input security characters while using TransCore’s Tag Programming
software, those security characters will not be visible on the monitor.

3-10
 4
Troubleshooting
 Chapter 4
Troubleshooting

Listed below are some problems that may arise when you are programming tags at
your site, along with suggestions for troubleshooting each problem. If a problem
persists, contact your TransCore representative or call TransCore at (214) 461-4031.

Problem Suggested Solutions

System does not beep at • Check power transformer.

power-on.
• Verify battery connection.
• Replace the internal 2AG 250mA fuse.
System powers on, but does • Verify RS–232 connection at the programmer
not sign on. and at the host.
• Check null modem, if used.
• Verify that host baud rate is set to 9600.
Programmer beeper is not • Verify that the programming head interlock
heard during tag programming/ switch is depressed.
verify sequence, or system
continually beeps until time-out. • Verify that the programmer pin block is clean
and is making contact with each tag’s
programming pad.
Tag programming sequence • Refer to the programmer response codes list
fails repeatedly. in Appendix E to identify the problem.
• Clean programmer head pin block.
• Improve ESD protection in programming area.
Requested "verify" data does • Check for security code violations.
not match programmed data.
• Check programmed data for accuracy.
System resets intermittently. • Check for damage to DC power connection.
• Check for damaged reset switch on rear panel.
• Check for a loose AC power connection.

4-3
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

4-4
 5
Maintenance
 Chapter 5
Maintenance

The programmer requires no calibration or maintenance other than periodic cleaning

of the contact pins found in the pin block on top of the tag programming head. Figure
5-1 shows the pin block.

Figure 5-1 Pin Block on Tag Programming Head

These pins are grooved and can collect dust and other materials that may hinder the
conduction of the programming signals to the tag. Clean and inspect the block pins
for wear every 10,000 tag programming cycles.
TransCore recommends cleaning the programming pins with a cleaner/degreaser
specifically designed for electronic equipment. These cleaners can be found at local
electronics retailers.
Note: Be sure the cleaner is safe for use on plastic materials.

5-3
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

Leaving Tags on Programming Pins

Do not leave tags on top of the programming pins when the programmer is idle. The
programming pins are spring-loaded to help ensure firm contact with the tag during
programming. Continued depression of the pins over a period of time can reduce the
tension in the springs.

5-4
 A
Programmer Specifications
 Appendix A
Programmer Specifications

A-3
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

A-4
F E AT U R E S
AP4110 Programmer
• PC interface

• User-friendly tag
programming software

• Easy data transfer

• Tag data verification

• Protection from
electrostatic discharge

• Interchangeable
programming brackets
available

• Adapter available for

mobile operation

The AP4110 Programmer transfers 128-bit identification codes to field-

programmable Amtech®-brand tags. Programming occurs using a PC
interface that allows coding of 20 alphanumeric characters—including
optional security characters—into the tag’s data frame. The PC interface
can create custom features such as automatic sequential numbering or
barcode interface. The user or TransCore software development experts
may develop software for this purpose.

Included with the AP4110 Programmer is Amtech-brand Tag

Programming (TP) software for easy entry of data, creation and
modification of data files, transfer of data to tags, verification of tag
data, and output of tag information to label printer and tag files. TP
software allows users to create table files to expedite data entry of codes
for tags with common attributes. The TP system or other software
systems may generate input data files.

Transfer of programmed data to the tag requires only a few simple steps.
After entering the code, the user issues a command to initiate code
transfer. The user presses the tag onto the programming head, and the
code automatically transfers to the tag.

The AP4110 Programmer can verify the code programmed into any tag
with an unsealed programming port. The TP software initiates the
verification sequence and the user presses the tag onto the programming
head. The tag ID then automatically appears on the PC screen.

The AP4110 Programmer comes with a programming bracket suitable

for the type of tag specified. Additional easily-interchanged brackets are
available. A 12V DC power cable with cigarette lighter adapter is
available for mobile operation of the AP4110 Programmer.
AP4110 Programmer
HARDWARE FEATURES STANDARDS
Security Stamp
PC-to-Programmer Cable ISO, AAR, ANSI, ATA and IATA The AP4110 Programmer includes a security
Compatible Coding stamp feature. With this feature, every tag
RS–232 (with adapters) programmed by the security-enabled
The AP4110 Programmer can code tag data AP4110 Programmer receives an
formats compatible with RF identification automatically coded, unique security stamp.
POWER REQUIREMENTS standards developed by the International This feature may be employed in overall
Organization for Standardization (ISO), the system security to help prevent the use of
American National Standards Institute, the unauthorized tags.
Input Voltage Association of American Railroads, the
110/220V AC American Trucking Associations, and the
International Air Transport Association. ACCESSORIES
12V DC
(UL-1950 approved transformer supplied)
LICENSING Plug Insertion Tool
The AS8010 Plug Insertion Tool allows the
Power Consumption user to seal multiple tags quickly and
<1.5W Electromagnetic Compatibility
securely.
The AP4110 Programmer complies with the
limits established by Part 15 of the Federal
PHYSICAL Communications Commission (FCC) rules Plug Removal Tool
for a Class A digital device.
The AS8003 Plug Removal Tool kit allows
The AP4110 Programmer complies with all the user to remove plugs for the
Dimensions relevant European directives (CEMPRK). reprogramming of transportation tags.
Size: 9.5 x 16.5 x 4.0 in (24.1 x 41.9 x 10.2
cm)
Weight: 7.0 lb (3.2 kg) COMPLIANCE Grounding Wrist Strap
The AP4110 Programmer includes a
RF Interference grounding strap to wear when
ENVIRONMENTAL programming tags. The grounding strap
Units have been tested and are verified to prevents damage to tag circuits from
Part 15 of the FCC rules for a Class A digital electrostatic discharge.
Operating Temperature device.
+32°F to +158°F
(0°C to +70°C) Carrying Case
OPTIONS
The AP4110 Programmer comes with a
durable case for protection and easy
Environment carrying.
Programming Bracket
Dustproof
The AP4110 Programmer includes a tag
programming bracket as specified by the Adapter for Mobile Operation
customer. To order additional tag brackets,
please specify tag type when ordering. A 12V DC power cable with cigarette lighter
adapter enables mobile operation of the
AP4110 Programmer.

DOCUMENTATION
Tag Programming System Software User
Guide
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

For product information call: 1.800.923.4824 or 214.461.4031 (outside the U.S.) Fax 214.461.6478

www.transcore.com
© 2008 TC IP, Ltd. All rights reserved. TRANSCORE is a registered trademark of TC IP, Ltd., and is used under license. All other trademarks listed are the property of their
respective owners. Contents subject to change. Printed in the U.S.A. Products covered by this document are protected by one or m ore of the following U.S. patents
4,075,632; 4,360,810; 4,782,345; 4,835,377; 4,888,591; 5,504,485; and foreign equivalent patents. Other patents pending.
411114-008 03/08
 B
RS–232 Connector Pinout
 Appendix B
RS–232 Connector Pinout

This table identifies the pinout of the programmer’s DB9 rear panel RS–232
connector.

Table B-1 RS–232 Connector Pinout

Pin Function

1 DCD
2 RX
3 TX
4 DTR
5 Signal ground
6 DSR
7 RTS
8 CTS
9 No connection

B-3
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

B-4
 C
TransCore 6-Bit ASCII Format
 Appendix C
TransCore 6-Bit ASCII Format

In TransCore’s 6-bit ASCII format, each ASCII data character is represented by a

certain 6-bit pattern. These bit patterns are placed in specific groups of six
consecutive bits within the tag. The ASCII characters and their corresponding 6-bit
codes are listed in the table below. TransCore's 6-bit ASCII codes are produced by
subtracting 00100000 from the character's 8-bit ASCII value.

Table C-1 6-Bit ASCII Codes

Character 6-Bit Code Character 6-Bit Code

(space) 000000 G 100111

* 001010 H 101000
- 001101 I 101001
. 001110 J 101010
/ 001111 K 101011
0 010000 L 101100
1 010001 M 101101
2 010010 N 101110
3 010011 O 101111
4 010100 P 110000
5 010101 Q 110001
6 010110 R 110010
7 010111 S 110011
8 011000 T 110100
9 011001 U 110101
A 100001 V 110110
B 100010 W 110111
C 100011 X 111000
D 100100 Y 111001
E 100101 Z 111010
F 100110

C-3
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

C-4
 D
4-Bit ASCII Hex Codes
 Appendix D
4-Bit ASCII Hex Codes

In TransCore’s 4-bit hex format, each ASCII character is represented by a certain 4-bit
pattern. These bit patterns are placed in specific groups of four consecutive bits
within the tag. The ASCII characters and their corresponding 4-bit hex codes are
listed in the table below.

Table D-1 4-Bit ASCII Hex Codes

Character 4-bit Code

0 0000

1 0001

2 0010

3 0011

4 0100

5 0101

6 0110

7 0111

8 1000

9 1001

A 1010

B 1011

C 1100

D 1101

E 1110

F 1111

D-3
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

D-4
 E
Programmer Response Codes
 Appendix E
Programmer Response Codes

The programmer returns one of these codes in response to command #40, Display
System Status.

Table E-1 Programmer Response Codes

Code Description

00 Operation Successful/No Error: the last operation performed by

the programmer was executed without errors.
01 Illegal Command: the command sent to the programmer was not
a valid command.
02 Invalid Tag Data: the user data sent to the programmer was in
the incorrect format (such as an illegal hex character).
03 Presence Time-out on Program Cycle: the programmer did not
recognize the placement of a tag on the programming head
during the 10-sec period prior to a programming sequence.
04 Presence Time-out on Verify Cycle: the programmer did not
recognize the placement of a tag on the programming head
during the 10-sec period prior to a verification sequence.
05, 06, 07 Reserved
08 Data Compare Error: during a programming sequence, the data
read from the tag did not correspond to the user data that was
written to the tag.
09 Locked Tag: the programmer has detected a lock condition of the
tag. The tag data is stored permanently and cannot be changed.
0A No Frame Marker: the programmer could not decipher a frame
marker from the tag. Either the tag is not present, is damaged,
or is not making contact with the programming head pins.
0B Bad Tag Parity: the checksum bits read from the tag did not
correspond to the checksum that the programmer calculated
from the tag data.

E-3
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

E-4
 F
Security Characters
 Appendix F
Security Characters

You may enter security characters into an Amtech tag if your programmer has been
configured at the factory to perform the security character function. These ASCII
security characters are encoded in the Amtech 6-bit data encoding scheme, and are
listed in the table below.

Table F-1 ASCII Security Characters

Character 6-bit Code

! 000001
" 000010
# 000011
$ 000100
% 000101
& 000110
' 000111
( 001000
) 001001
+ 001011
, 001100
: 011010
; 011011
< 011100
= 011101
> 011110
? 011111
@ 100000
[ 111011
\ 111100
] 111101
^ 111110
_ 111111
space 000000

F-3
AP4110 Programmer’s Guide

F-4