COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Municipality of Macabebe has come a long way with its historic past and
diverse terrestrial and coastal environment. Macabebe’s main goal is to continuously
guide its urban development in alignment with the provincial development physical
framework plan, hence, the previous 1980 Town Plan and Zoning Ordinance was the main
basis in the updating of the said development plan. The 1980 approved Town Plan and
Zoning Ordinance showcased a radial development along with a linear-type expansion
along roads and major transport lines.

The previous plan emphasized on the protection and conservation of agricultural

land and fishponds from land conversion and provided supporting facilities to improve the
said economic activities in the area. The Poblacion area was also planned for higher level
urban services and uses such as: trade and commerce, and institutional purposes, while
minor commercial activities were also directed in the northern portion of the municipality,
particularly in barangay Caduang Tete. Industrial areas, especially for light industries, boat
repair and cold storage plants were allocated in barangays Sta. Rita, Batasan and San
Rafael.

Comparing the previous land use plan with the actual development, it can be
observed that there are very minimal deviations and differences between them.
Residential uses and other urban uses continue to develop along major roads and were
concentrated in the Poblacion area. It can also be noted that the neighborhood clusters
delineated in the original plan are still present and were further developed and improved
to its current condition. Basic social support services and infrastructure were also present in
the said clusters.

One major difference that can be observed is the establishment of the dike roads
and the cut-off channel that paved way for the opening of additional lands that can be
inhabited for additional settlement areas for the municipality. These also provided
additional access systems to the other areas of the municipality which can support their
agricultural and aquaculture economic activities.

Since agricultural lands and fishponds were adequately protected and conserved
from conversion to urban uses. These lands were maintained and further developed to
improve yield production. However, a percentage of agricultural lands were converted
into fishponds. This may be attributed to the vulnerability and sensitivity of agricultural lands
to increased natural calamities, prolonged logging of flood, saltwater intrusion during high
tide, and possible sea level rise. Nevertheless, agricultural activities, including crop
production, aquaculture production, and livestock and poultry, continue to provide
economic opportunities to the constituents to the municipality.

As a priority project of the Local Government Unit of Macabebe this current Land
Use Plan is now updated with more dynamic features from digitized thematic maps,
comprehensive ecological profiles as well as emphasis on new thematic considerations,
such as the Integrated Ecosystems Management Framework, Climate Change
Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction, and Heritage Conservation in the planning
process and analyses of data. This planning exercise followed through using the conduct
of research methodologies in extracting primary and secondary data via key informant
interviews, mapping and planning workshops, media content review and focused group
discussions. In line with this, the Comprehensive Land Use Plan of Macabebe 2017-2026
now deals with sectoral issues on the five (5) development sectors in the: social, economic,
environment, infrastructure and institutional sectors. This newly drafted development plan
attempts to resolve its with four (4) major land issues on: a.) limited availability of safe and
suitable lands for urban development; b.) increased risks and threats of natural hazards

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and climate change to the safety of local communities and the sustainability of their
economic activities; c.) lack of waste management and sanitation facilities that may
cause degradation to the environment; d.) lack of accessibility of far-flung neighborhood
clusters to the urban services provided by the municipality’s urban center.

Based from its existing urban form, increasing population and opportunities for
further urban development, the town of Macabebe will adapt a development thrust
leading to an agri-ecotourism theme using a bi-nodal rectilinear strip development spatial
strategy. The municipality now envisions itself as a center of aquaculture development as
well as a center for tourism development. Aquaculture development will be intensified
while ecotourism will be explored as a new economic driver tapping the potentials of its
wetlands and mangrove area. Nevertheless, the town is also endowed with cultural
resources due to its significant cultural heritage during the Spanish period.

The component chapters of this document (Volume 1) will present: a.) brief
ecological profile, b.) detailed concepts on the structure and proposed land and water
use plan, and c.) summary of major land use issues. Volume 2 is the proposed Zoning
Ordinance and Volume 3 is the comprehensive and detailed ecological profile of the
Municipality of Macabebe.

CHAPTER 1. BRIEF PROFILE OF MACABEBE

1.1. History

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“The light of history will certainly set things right, so that those who formerly failed to
perceive the truth will be able to see things in their proper perspective. Then they
themselves will realize the how glorious it was to love one’s Motherland. Moreover, they
will, in the end, repudiate the traitors.”

-Santiago V. Alvarez, The Katipunan

and the Revolution (translated by
Carolina S. Malay, 1992), as cited
from the book The Nameless Hero.
Revisiting the sources on the first
Filipino leader to die for freedom by
Ian Christopher B. Alfonso, 2016.

The town of Macabebe, Pampanga prides itself with its colorful and tainted
historical past during the Spanish Colonial period of the Philippines. Thus, the natives of
Macabebe indeed played an important role in shaping the country’s history. Its origin can
be traced from its sense of place along the Pampanga River (Rio Grande de la
Pampanga) being one of the oldest and most important towns of the Province of
Pampanga. It was located on a small island surrounded by estuaries from the main
Macabebe River flowing through the bay of Tilapatil. The term “Macabebe” literally
means: “bordering the banks” in which its early civilization was born. In fact, Pampanga
River was a major transportation route as a waterway and source of livelihood to the early
major settlements in Pampanga. The harsher and louder tone of the Macabebe dialect
can somehow be attributed among its locals at present, as an intrinsic way of
communicating across the river banks in the past. The township of Macabebe (pueblo de
Macabebe) was founded in 1575 under the advocation of San Nicolas De Tolentino
(patron saint of Macabebe) and was accepted as a house of the Order and as a visita of
Calumpit.
It has been promoted in history during the Spanish period that the Kapampangan
of Macabebe had dual and somewhat conflicting roles: fought against and defended
the last Spanish garrison against revolutionaries in 1571 and 1898, centuries apart
respectively. According to written accounts, the “Battle of Bangkusay” or the Battle of
Manila Bay was fought as a decisive one that almost ruined the Spanish imperialistic dream
in Asia in the 16th century if only native warriors were equally armed with artillery. The natives
who fought the Battle of Bangkusay underestimated the army skills of the Spaniards that
caused their immediate demise. The lost battle was headed by a martyred hero of the
2,000 Moro warriors from Macabebe and Hagonoy (Bulacan). Although the martyred hero
was rendered nameless, he was referred to as “Bambalito” meaning “little fool” and
“brave Moro captain” while the natives called him as the “bravest on the island.” At
present, the appropriate Kapampangan term “pungsalang” from the word ‘pun’ meaning
leader and “salang’ meaning external enemies is being adopted to refer to the war
captain of the said battle.
However, since there was another major resistance (Soliman’s Resistance of
Spanish Rule) that transpired during that time the identity of the martyred hero was
mistakenly referred to Rajah Soliman of Manila. In which, Rajah Soliman eventually
reconciled with the Spaniards due to the influence of his uncles Rajah Matanda and Lakan
Dula to accept Spanish authority. The reconciliation with the Spaniards to explore and
conquer did not last long due to the succeeding Kapampangan resistance of other Moro
settlement named Betis and Lubao. Eventually in the late 1571, the Province of Pampanga

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was formed and was divided into encomiendas or land grants entrusted to conquistadores
referred to as encomienderos. The whole of the Pampanga became a faithful Christian
province leaving behind decades of Islamic faith. In 1602, the Spaniards recognized the
Kapampangans’ military skills, bravery, loyalty and fidelity to the Christian faith, due to a
successful alliance in repelling Chinese insurrection in 1603, 1640 and 1762. Throughout the
three hundred years of the Spanish period the Macabebe’s were generally part of any
war or warlike expedition. Indeed, they fought with the Spaniards against the Moros from
the earliest times down to the change of sovereignty and also became allies with the
Americans as soldiers as well. Going forward in the 19th century, it was mentioned that
Kapampangan men and their families were exempted from forced labor since most of
them enlisted themselves as cuadrilleros or irregular servicemen in the Spanish army.
Although they were are not being paid by the Spanish government provided them with
guns, lances and horses to pacify banditry. However, the said alliance with the Americans
was witnessed in 1901. American General Frederick Funston and his troops captured
Philippine President Emilio Aguinaldo in Palanan, Isabela, with the help of some
Kapampangans (called the Macabebe Scouts after their home locale) who had joined
the Americans' side. The Americans pretended to be captives of the Macabebes, who
were dressed in Philippine Army uniforms. Once Funston and his “captors” entered
Aguinaldo's camp, they immediately fell upon the guards and quickly overwhelmed them
and the weary Aguinaldo.
As of the present, there is a clamor for recognizing the roots of resisting the Spanish
rule by the unnamed hero and chieftain of Macabebe. According to the historian Carlos
Quirino:
“…there was another chieftain, the Capampangan datu of the town of
Macabebe, who defied the invaders. History has not given us his name, but he deserves
an honored place among Filipino heroes who fought to the death to retain their freedom.”
–Carlos Quirino, 1981

1.2. Demography

In 2015, the Province of Pampanga had a total population of 2,198,110.

Among its twenty-two (22) municipalities and cities, the Municipality of Macabebe
is the 13th most populous area or 3% of Pampanga’s population data. The
Municipality of Macabebe has a total population of 75,850 for the censal year of
2015. In terms of the age-sex structure in 2010, there are 1,104 more males
compared to the female population. The male-female ratio is 103:100 or 103 males
per 100 females. In general, the population structure of Macabebe is composed
of a young population since 62% are in the working class between the ages 15 to
64.
Using the household size of 4.4, the table below shows population data per
barangay with corresponding number of households.

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Table 1. Number of Households per Barangay, 2015

Source: PSA, 2015

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Figure 1. Number of Household per Barangay, 2015

Table 2 below is indicative of a twelve (11) year population projection per

barangay using the 2015 population as the base year. The projected population of
Macabebe of 88,284 by 2026, using the municipal growth rate of 1.38%. The annual
average growth for Macabebe is 1,138 persons therefore an additional 13,661 residents. It
is estimated that the population of the municipality will double in fifty (50) years.

Table 2. Projected Annual Population of Macabebe Pampanga by Barangay, 2015-2026

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Figure 2. Macabebe Population Projection, 2015-2026

Among the barangays, Barangay Santa Cruz recorded the highest

population density in 2015. With a land area of only 1.99 hectares and a
population of 1,208, it has a population density of 607 persons per hectare. The
high population density can be attributed to its proximity to the Poblacion and
commercial areas.

Barangays Consuelo and San Esteban, meanwhile, has the lowest

population density in the same period with 1 and 2 persons per hectare
respectively. The Population Density per barangay has been summarized in the
table below.

Table 3. Population Density by Barangay, 2015

Barangay 2015 Population Land Area (Hectares) Density
Batasan 4,494.00 80.97 56
Caduang Tete 6,561.00 222.89 29
Candelaria 2,905.00 176.80 16
Castuli 1,219.00 269.56 5
Consuelo 2,720.00 3,685.73 1
Dalayap 2,574.00 944.71 3
Mataguiti 819.00 150.63 5
San Esteban 5,002.00 2,092.49 2
San Francisco 1,820.00 104.75 17
San Gabriel (Pop) 3,948.00 182.50 22
San Isidro 2,001.00 48.13 42
San Jose 3,751.00 183.61 20

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San Juan 2,504.00 105.41 24

San Rafael 3,411.00 119.66 29
San Roque 4,304.00 63.37 68
San Vicente 2,808.00 47.63 59
Santa Cruz (Pob.) 1,208.00 1.99 607
Santa Lutgarda 991.00 142.32 7
Santa Maria 5,756.00 1,047.75 5
Santa Rita (Pob.) 3,470.00 84.21 41
Santo Nino 2,720.00 26.42 103
Santo Rosario (Pob.) 3,114.00 49.34 63
Saplad David 1,516.00 192.41 8
Tacasan 2,416.00 326.13 7
Telacsan 3,818.00 166.59 23
Macabebe 75,850.00 10,516.00 7
Source: PSA, 2015 Population

1.3. Geographical Location

Macabebe is relatively located in the southernmost part of Pampanga. On the

grid, it can be found exactly at N 14° 54' 34.1" E 120°42' 49.6". It is bounded on the north by
Minalin; on the northeast by Apalit; on the east by Masantol, and Calumpit and Hagonoy,
Bulacan; on the west by Sasmuan; and on the south by the Manila Bay – the gateway to
the Philippines’ political, social and economic center. It is about 15 kms from the provincial
capital of the City of San Fernando and about 50 kms from the National Capital Region.

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Figure 3. Locational Map

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1.4. Political Boundaries

The town is composed of twenty-five (25) barangays covering a land area of 10,516
hectares. Three (3) of these barangays are coastal, namely: Barangay Consuelo,
Barangay San Esteban and Barangay Dalayap. And there is a total of seven (7) urban
barangays, namely: Barangay Caduang Tete, Barangay San Gabriel, Barangay San
Roque, Barangay Sta. Rita, Barangay Sta. Cruz, Barangay Sta. Maria and Barangay Sto.
Rosario.

Table 4. Total Land Area Macabebe, 2016

Barangay Land Area (Hectares)

Batasan 80.97
Caduang Tete 222.89
Candelaria 176.80
Castuli 269.56
Consuelo 3,685.73
Dalayap 944.71
Mataguiti 150.63
San Esteban 2,092.49
San Francisco 104.75
San Gabriel (Pop) 182.50
San Isidro 48.13
San Jose 183.61
San Juan 105.41
San Rafael 119.66
San Roque 63.37
San Vicente 47.63
Santa Cruz (Pob.) 1.99
Santa Lutgarda 142.32
Santa Maria 1,047.75
Santa Rita (Pob.) 84.21
Santo Nino 26.42
Santo Rosario (Pob.) 49.34
Saplad David 192.41
Tacasan 326.13
Telacsan 166.59
TOTAL 10,516.00
Source: LMB Cadastral Map, 1969

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Figure 4. Political Bounday Map

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1.5. Physical Features

Macabebe is relatively flat all throughout the municipality in which most of

the towns are a few meters below sea level. Its highest point is eleven (11) meters
above sea level at the northeastern side of the municipality. In fact, Macabebe is
a part of the great plain extending from Manila Bay to Lingayen Gulf in
Pangasinan. The slope is south and southeast towards the Manila Bay and Rio
Grande.
The soils of Macabebe are generally of recent alluvial origin. The whole
plain of the north and northwest consist of silt loam to clay, and in the south and
southeast, hydrosol.

1.6. Climate

Macabebe has two (2) pronounced seasons of types III and IV based on the
PAGASA classification, the dry period starts from November to April and wet from May to
October. July, August and September are months of high precipitation, while March, April
and May are the dry and hot months. Heavy rainfalls during rainy seasons bring about
flooding on low-lying areas of Barangays Castuli, Mataguiti, Saplad David, Tacasan, San
Jose and Sta. Maria.

1.7. Hazards Affecting the Locality

Macabebe being a catch basin of the Pampanga River has perennial

flooding. It is also affected by its potential on liquefaction, ground shaking,
tsunami, storm surge and effects of volcanic activities. No barangays in
Macabebe have the potential for landslide susceptibility and landslide
occurrence. The table below summarizes the degree of varying susceptibility of
the municipality to these natural hazards.

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Table 5. Potential Hazards in the Municipality of Macabebe

HAZARDS
Hydrometeorologic Geologic
BARANGAY
Ground Volcanic
Flooding Storm Surge Tsunami Liquefaction
Shaking Activities
Batasan M -- -- H VII --
Caduang Tete H -- -- H VII Zone 5
Candelaria H -- -- H VII --
Castuli H -- -- H VII Zone 4 & 5
Inundation area 1- 4
Consuelo H (3.66 m wave meters H VII --
height) inundation
Dalayap H -- -- H VII Zone 4 & 5
Mataguiti H -- -- H VII --
Inundation area 1- 4
San Esteban H (3.66 m wave meters H VII Zone 4 & 5
height) inundation
San Francisco M -- -- H VII --
San Gabriel (Pob.) M to H -- -- H VII Zone 5
San Isidro M to H -- -- H VII --
San Jose H -- -- H VII Zone 5
San Juan H -- -- H VII Zone 5
San Rafael H -- -- H VII Zone 5
San Roque M to H -- -- H VII Zone 5
San Vicente M to H -- -- H VII --
Santa Cruz (Pob.) M -- -- H VII --
Santa Lutgarda H -- -- H VII Zone 5
Santa Maria H -- -- H VII Zone 4 & 5
Santa Rita (Pob.) M to H -- -- H VII Zone 5
Santo Nino H -- -- H VII Zone 5
Santo Rosario (Pob.) M to H -- -- H VII Zone 5
Saplad David H -- -- H VII Zone 5
Tacasan H -- -- H VII Zone 5
Telacsan H -- -- H VII Zone 5
Note: *M - Moderate Susceptibility, H - High Susceptibility, VII – PEIS VII (destructive), and Zone
4 and Zone 5 - Volcanic Hazard Susceptibility,

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Figure 5. Flood Susceptibility Map (Ready Project)

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Flood Hazard Map

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Figure 6. Liquefaction Hazard Map

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Storm Surge Hazard Map

Figure 7. Tsunami Hazard Map

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Volcanic Hazard Map

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1.8 Key Biodiversity Area

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The Municipality of Macabebe is part of a bigger key biodiversity area in the

Manila Bay Area. According to Birdlife International (2001), this Important Bird Area
(IBA) extends from the shorelines of Balanga, Bataan in the north and eastern shores
of Manila Bay to Cavite City, south of Metro Manila. This IBA covers a land area of
130,465 hectares. The area is characterized by shallow intertidal mudflats and sand
flats. Mangrove swamps are present in the Bataan Area and Pampanga area in which
most of these were already converted to aquaculture ponds and salt pans.

Figure 8. Key Biodiversity Area Map

1.9. Social Services and Facilities

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1.9.1.Health

Macabebe has two (2) Rural Health Unit (RHU) located in the Brgy. Sta Rita and
San Rafael respectively. A combined staff complement of 2 doctors, 1 Dentist, and 2
Medical Technologists man these facilities. A total of 18 nurses manage the day to day
operations of the RHUs with NDP-hired nurses (11) forming the biggest sub-group.
Likewise, a total of 14 midwives provide maternal and obstetric care in the facilities.
As of 2017, 159 Barangay Health Workers are assigned to the various barangays of
Macabebe to assist the medical staff in dispensing basic health care services such as
maternal and child care, immunizations, treatment of simple medical conditions,
nutrition, family planning, sanitary health care, emergency treatment and health
education to the local population.
The Crude Birth Rate, referring to the number of live births per thousand population has
been stable between 2012 to 2015 hovering at around 10 to 12 births. Interestingly, data in the
most recent year (2016) revealed the largest uptick in the number of live births (17) relative to
the total population. On the other hand the number of registered deaths in the same period
have been relatively stable as evidenced by the non-fluctuating figures of the Crude Death
Rate.
Using data for 2012 and 2013, Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) was seen to be the
leading cause of morbidity in Macabebe, with the total number of reported cases increasing
between the two periods. Other types of infectious conditions such as Pulmonary Tuberculosis
(PTB) was also seen to be on the rise while there was a decline in the number of reported cases
of Urinary tract infections (UTIs). The reported cases of Hypertension (HPN) were also at a
decline in 2012 and 2013.

1.9.2 Social Welfare

The municipality operates 25 day care centers to provide early childhood education
to children 3- 4 years old. Data on how many children are enrolled in these facilities are
however not available.
It maintains a private room within its premises where victims of violence against women
and children are provided with psycho-social and counseling assistance. Data on the number
and nature of cases handled by the municipality’s social worker however are not readily
available.
The municipality has also put up an office where Senior Citizens can be assisted on their
various needs. It however fails to establish a Senior Citizen Center where seniors can gather
and hear each other out. This is mandated by virtue of RA 9257.

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1.9.3 Education

Currently there are twenty-eight (28) Public Elementary Schools and eight (8) High
Schools spread across the twenty-two (22) barangays of Macabebe. There are also two (2)
private colleges located near the Poblacion.
In 2015-2016, a total of 10,113 comprising Kinder to Grade 6 students were enrolled in
public elementary schools. On the other hand, a total of 5,400 students were listed as enrolled
in the 8 public high schools in the municipality.

Looking at trend data from a limited number of schools with data, participation rates
in the last 5-years are consistently near or at 100%. This reflects the general accessibility of
education relative to the potential number of school-age children who are to avail of the
service. The municipality has a 100% literacy rate.

1.9.4 Housing

According to the municipality’s local shelter plan for 2015-2023, there were 13,283
housing units occupied by a total of 14,003 households in Macabebe in 2010, giving a ratio of
1.05.
Majority of the outer walls of the houses in the municipality are made up of
combination of concrete/brick/stone/wood (97.39%), and bamboo/nipa/sawali/cogon
(2.29%). For the roofing materials, most residents used galvanized iron/aluminum (82.29%),
tile/concrete/clay (14.28%), and wood/organ/nipa/anahaw (2.89%). Majority of the houses
are constructed between the years 1981 to 2010.

1.9.5 Sports and Recreation Services

Each barangay within the municipality is provided with covered basketball courts for
sports and recreation. And some barangays also has playgrounds.

1.9.6 Protective Services

In the period 2011 to 2016, the reported number of committed crimes in Macabebe
has been found to be steadily decreasing. From as high as to 94 incidents recorded in 2011,
crime volume was reduced to only about a third (28 cases) by 2016. These numbers are mainly
obtained from index crimes, which include both crimes to persons as well as to property.

Of these recorded incidents, reports of Physical Injury were found to be most persistent
(cumulative report of 53 cases) with as many as 20 cases in 2011 but this has dropped
significantly to only 5 reported cases at the end of the reporting period. Cases of Theft (30
cumulative cases), which began to be prevalent beginning 2012 (6 cases) and peaking in
2014 (11 cases) has largely been neutralized (0 cases) in 2016. These may be associated with
intensified police operations as seen from the increasing roundup against illegal drugs. As seen
in 2016 data, close to half (12 cases) of the crimes reported were in violation of RA 9165
(Dangerous Drugs Acts), the highest number in that year (and incidentally the highest number
of arrests made through time in that category). There has also been an observable decline in
the number reported cases of violence against women and children from as high as 12 VAWC
cases in 2011 to a single case in 2016; and 6 cases of child abuse in the start of the report
period to zero incidents recorded in 2016.

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1.10 Local Economy

1.10.1 Agriculture

The municipality of Macabebe, Pampanga is not an agricultural-based economy

(farming, livestock, fishing and/or fishing production, etc.) as most of its residents are employed
in Industry and Services Sector. 1 It has however a total of 8,927.4 hectares devoted to
agriculture and aquaculture.
Most of the municipality’s 390.4 hectares of agricultural land are devoted for rice
production. As of March 2017, there are 7 barangays in the municipality engaged in rice
production with a total annual production of 1,796 metric tons of rice valued at PhP 32,328,000
from 112 farmers in the area.
The town of Macabebe has a total of 7,370.58 municipal waters and a coastline of 11,
432.48 meters. The inland aquaculture resources of the town are classified as brackish water
and fresh water fisheries, occupying a total area of 8,537 hectares. In 2015, all barangays in
the municipality are engaged in aquaculture production 2, with a total production value of
4,304,070,000 (33,318 metric tons).

1.10.2 Industry

The local industries of Macabebe use up about 0.15 hectares of land. These
industries includes woodcrafts, furniture making, glass and aluminum manufacturing
mostly located at barangays Sta. Rita and San Gabriel.

1.10.3 Manufacturing

The municipality is known for its woodcraft businesses. At least 4 barangays out of its 25
barangays are heavily invested in this industry. In 2016 Barangays Batasan and Sto Rosario hosts
several registered furniture manufacturers with an estimated combined gross revenue of
1,300,000 Php. Many varieties of life-size religious icons, altar pieces, free standing sculptures
and other figurative sculptural pieces in wood are being manufactured in Barangays
Caduang Tete, and San Gabriel. There are also a glass and aluminum manufacturers within
the municipality, which is located in Brgy. Sta. Rita.

1.10.4 Commerce and Trade

As of end of 2016, Macabebe hosts three commercial banks and 1 rural banks. There
are also a number of other financial services such as pawnshops, money changers and
remittance centers.

Trade and Retail businesses are believed to be thriving in the municipality, as

evidenced by the presence of several commercial buildings and branches of big fast food

1
Based on 2010 Census Data
2
Aquaculture production in Macabebe include milkfish, prawns and tilapia.

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and convenience stores 3. There is also a community mall being constructed in Brgy. Sta. Rita.
4 This is expected to further intensify economic activities within the area.

1.10.5 Tourism

Macabebe’s tourism potential can be seen in its cultural and natural resources.
In particular the town of Macabebe has potential on five (5) themes for tourism
development such as: nature-based tourism, heritage tourism, religious tourism, art
and culinary tourism.
Macabebe’s main tourism draw is located in Barangay Consuelo where the 15,500-
sqm Consuelo Eco-Park is located. The Eco-Park has black sand beach and 124 hectares of
mangroves plantation. Migratory birds also fly within mangroves making it attractive to nature
lovers and bird watchers. Annual visitors number 17,280 and usually spike during the summer.
Bike tours are available while river tours are being explored by the local tourism office.
The centuries-old San Nicholas de Tolentino Church, built in 1575, is the third oldest
church in Pampanga and another must-see for the faithful. It is well-preserved and easily
accessible to the public as it is located along the main street of the Poblacion, across the
Municipal Hall. Every year during Good Friday, the church grounds become animated as the
town celebrates “Mabie Estatwa” where the Stations of the Cross are depicted in colorful
tableaus performed by locals.
This provides a unique alternative for tourists looking for Holy Week destinations that
does not highlight the Passion of the Christ through bloody crucifixions.
More so, as a coastal town Macabebe produces aquaculture products which are
highlighted in culinary traditions of the Kapampangan. Locals and tourists flock into the town
for seafood shopping particularly for crustaceans and prawns.

1.11 Infrastructure and Utilities

1.11.1 Transportation

The principal mode of transportation in the municipality is through land. The

Municipality of Macabebe is connected to and accessible from the nearby municipalities of
Masantol, Apalit and Minalin. Macabebe is also 30 kilometers from the nearest operating
airport.

1.11.1.1 Roads

The Municipality of Macabebe has a total road length of approximately 59.70

kilometers which is classified into four (4) categories namely: national, provincial, municipal
and barangay roads. The main road is the 9.70 km Apalit-Macabebe-Masantol Road, wherein
7.28 km are concrete and 2.41 km are asphalt. Most of the roads in the municipality are in poor
to good condition (Source: DPWH Road Data December 2016). The Municipality is also
connected to Minalin through the Sto. Tomas-Minalin Road (Minalin-Macabebe Sect).It should
also be noted that from the urban center (Poblacion) in the north going to the southern part
of the municipality, one should take the road thru the Municipality of Masantol.

3
Jollibee Food Corp., Goldilocks Food Corporation and 7-11 Store
4
Specifically located in front of Pampanga Colleges.

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

Table 6. Inventory of Roads by System Classification and Type of Pavement, 2016

Roads by System Road type Total Length (in

Classification Concrete Asphalt Gravel km)
National 4.15 1.19 - 5.34
Municipal 0.20 - - 0.20
Provincial 8.49 - - 8.49
Barangay Roads 29.86 9.23 6.58 45.67
TOTAL 42.70 10.42 6.58 59.70
Source: Municipal Engineer’s Office/ Municipal Planning and Development Office

1.11.1.2 Bridges

The topography of Macabebe is surrounded by rivers, creeks and irrigation canals.

Bridges are used to link up the road networks over bodies of water. At present, there are six (6)
major bridges within the municipality.

Table 7. Inventory of Bridges by Location, Type, Capacity and Condition

Length Width Physical
Bridge Name Location Capacity Type
(m) (m) Condition
Muzon Bridge Caduang Tete 5 8 15T Concrete Good
Caballarisa Br Caduang Tete 6 8 15T Concrete Good
Caduang Tete
Caduang Tete 24 8 15T Concrete Good
Br
San Gabriel Br Caduang Tete 12 8 15T Concrete Good
Tacasan Br Tacasan 20 3 15T Concrete Fair
Pilapil Br Saplad David 20 3 2T Wood Poor
Source: Municipal Engineer’s Office/ Municipal Planning and Development Office

1.11.1.3 Transport Facilities

The main mode of transportation in the municipality is through land. Based on the Cities
and Municipalities Competitiveness Index (National Competitiveness Council, 2015), there are
ten (10) buses, 54 passenger vans, 126 jeepneys, and 839 tricycles plying the roads of
Macabebe. Jeepneys and tricycles are commonly used for movement within the municipality
and to nearby towns. Further, passenger bancas are also being utilized to support movement
of goods and services through the waterways, especially in Barangays Consuelo, Dalayap and
Esteban. Currently, there are three (3) identified terminals for PUJ, vans and buses within the
municipality as shown in the table below.

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

Figure 9. Road Net Work Map

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

1.11.2 Flood Control and Drainage Facilities

In terms of drainage facilities, 125 housing units have no proper drainage system. To
address flooding in the municipality, the following are existing and proposed flood control
projects:

1. Proposed Integrated DRR/CCA Measures in the Low Lying Areas of Pampanga Bay –
This Project includes dredging of Caduang Tete River, rehabilitation and upgrading of
21 school buildings in Macabebe, repair of 8 sluice gates (San Vicente sluice gate in
Macabebe).
2. The Pampanga Delta Development Project (PDDP), which was completed in 2002, was
intended to protect Macabebe and other municipalities from flood coming from the
Pampanga River.

1.11.3 Domestic Water Supply

The Macabebe Water District (MWD) serves as the major provider of potable tap water
to the households to support the water, health and sanitation needs of the town. It has eight
(8) pumping stations located in Barangays Poblacion, San Juan, San Francisco, Sta. Maria,
Caduang Tete, San Isidro, San Vicente, Batasan and San Roque catering to the needs of 19
out of 25 barangays with 6,537 connections. Based on the Cities and Municipalities
Competitiveness Index, 95% of the households are connected to the water system. The Local
Shelter Plan of Macabebe for 2015-2023 also recorded about 776 housing units with no access
to adequate water supply.

Table 8. Level I Water Supply System by Type and Number of Population Served
Deep Well
HH Pop. Served
Number
No. %
8 6,537 57
Source: Macabebe Water District, 2016

Table 9. Level 2 Water Supply System by Type and Number of Population Served
Number Number of No. of HH
Location of
of Communal Barangays Served Population
Water Source
Pumps Faucets Served
1. Poblacion 1 None 1. Poblacion 191
2. San Juan 1
2. Sapang Pari 109
3. Caduang 1
Tete 1 3. San Roque 357
4. San Francisco 1
5. Sta. Maria 1 4. San Juan 325
6. San Roque 1 5. San Lutgarda 122
7. San Vicente 1
6. Sto. Niño 273

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

8. Batasan 7. San Jose 371

8. Sta. Maria 520

9. San Rafael 389

10. Sto. Rosario 359

11. San Gabriel 505

12. Caduang Tete 861

13. San Isidro 255

14. San Francisco 268

15. San Vicente 410

16. Bitas/Batasan 423

17. Candelaria 119

18. Sta. Cruz 110

19. Sta. Rita 570

Source: Macabebe Water District, 2016

Table 10. Level 3 Local Water Supply System by Type and Number of Consumers and
Average Water Consumption, 2016
Type of Consumer
Total
Domestic Commercial Others
No. of
6,451 66 20 6,537
Connections
17.37 cu.m/ 17.37 cu.m/
Ave. Water 75 cu.m/ mo/con 117,351.27
mo/con = mo/con =
Consumption = 4,950 cu.m. cu.m.
112,053.87 cu.m. 347.4 cu.m.
Urban Core or
Barangays
19 Center/5
Served
barangays
Source: Macabebe Water District, 2016

According to the Macabebe Water District, water demand for 2016 was 1,408,215.24 cu.m.
With the projected water demand for the municipality is computed as follows:
● 6,537 concessionaries @ 5 population/con = 32,685 individuals
● Capacity of wells (8 wells) = 143 lps x 86.4 cu.m/day x 30 cu.m/month x 12 months =
4,447.872 cu.m.
● Demand: @ 110-130 lcpd (liters per capita per day) based on LWUA standards
● Conversion: 1 gal = 3.98 lit; 1 cu.m. = 1000 lits

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1.11.4 Electric Power Supply

The Pampanga Electric Cooperative III (PELCO III) in Apalit Pampanga serves the
electrification needs of the 25 barangays of Macabebe. Based on the collected data, about
less than 10% or 1,392 households are un-served by electricity.

Table 11. Households Served and Unserved by Electricity, 2016

2016
Households
No. of HH Percentage (%)
Served 13,195 90.46
Un-served 1,392 9.54
Total 14,587 100
Source: PELCO III

Based on the collected data, power and electrification connections in Macabebe are
mostly allocated for domestic/residential uses with 10,883 connections.

Table 12. Number of Connections by Type of Users, 2016

No. of Connections
Type of Connection
(2016)
Domestic/Residential 10,883
Commercial 198
Others(street light, special light, BAPA, and public
131
buildings)
Total 11,212
Source: PELCO III

1.11.5 Communication Facilities

According to the Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index (2016), there are two
(2) cable service providers, three (3) internet service providers, and four (4) Telephone
Companies / Mobile Service Providers in Macabebe.

Table 13. Inventory of Communication Services Facilities

Ownership
Type Barangay
Public Private
Postal Services San Roque 1
Internet service provider
OEC Wifi Solution Sto Rosario 1
PLDT/SMARTBRO Sub-office 1
Globe Sta Rita/San Jose 1
Telephone service provider
Pamp. Telephone Company Sta Rita 1
Digitel Sub-office 1
OEC Wifi Solution Sto Rosario 1

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

PLDT Sub-office 1
Cell Sites network
Globe San Jose, Sta Cruz, 1
Caduang Tete
Sun Cadauang Tete 1
Smart San Isidro 1

Broadcast and television network N/A

Cable Service provider
Datelsat Cable TV Network Inc. Sta Rita 1
Signal Sub-office 1
Source: BPLO

CHAPTER 2. EXISTING LAND USES

2.1 Existing Land Uses

Due to its geophysical nature, Macabebe is predominantly comprised of water and

water-related uses adding up to about 9,281.20 ha. or 88.26% of its land area. These bodies of
water are located in the western portion of the municipality leading to Manila Bay in the south.
Previously, a portion of these areas were considered as mangrove forest areas but was later
reclassified into alienable and disposable lands which paved way for its conversion into
fishponds. Mangroves are still present in the area and are located near the mouths of Pasac
and Pampanga River leading to Manila Bay. However, these only occupy about 65.84 ha. or
0.63% of the total lands of the municipality.

Terrestrial uses comprise the rest of the municipality’s land area which are led by built-
up/urban land uses (4.93%) and agricultural land uses (4.49%). The built-up areas are
concentrated in the Poblacion area and along road networks, however, there are areas that
are only accessible thru water transport and are scattered around agricultural and fishpond
land uses. Table 14 and Figure 3 presents the general existing land uses of Macabebe based
on aerial photo interpretation and field validation conducted in 2017.

Table 14. General Existing Land Use of Macabebe, 2016

Category Land Area %
Agricultural 471.90 4.49%
Cemetery 8.16 0.08%
Aquaculture 8,288.34 78.82%
Foreshore 73.07 0.69%
Idle Land 68.54 0.65%
Mangroves 65.84 0.62%
Built-up 518.18 4.93%
Rivers and other
992.86 9.44%
water bodies
Roads 29.11 0.28%
TOTAL 10,516.00 100.00%

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*Based on GIS computation and estimation

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
Figure 10. Existing General Land Use Map

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

2.2 Detailed Land Use Allocation

To further detail the general existing land use, the allocation for the specific land use
categories were also surveyed and estimated. This section describes the specific utilization of
each land uses, their general location, and how much land area are allocated to them.

1. Residential Land Use – Land area allocated for shelter and residences comprise of
482.44 ha or 4.59% of the municipality’s land area. This land area also includes minor
commercial land uses, such as sari-sari stores, which were not captured by the land
use survey. Majority of these land uses are concentrated along transport lines,
though some are scattered around agricultural and aquaculture/fishpond areas
and are usually clustered to form a neighborhood-type unit. A large percentage of
these land uses are located in the urban barangays of the municipality, particularly
in barangays Caduang Tete, San Gabriel, San Roque, Sta. Rita, Sta. Cruz, Sta. Maria
and Sto Rosario. Majority of the houses are made up of a combination of concrete,
brick, stone, or wood (98%), and only few houses are made up of bamboo, nipa,
sawali, or cogon (2%). Majority of these houses were constructed between 1981
and 2010. Average residential lot sizes is estimated to be about 250 sq.m.

2. Commercial Land Uses – An estimated 7.45 hectares or 0.07% of the municipal land
area is allocated for commercial purposes. Majority of these are located in the
major commercial district in the Poblacion area. These include major commercial
establishments such as banks, pawnshops, remittance centers, fast food
establishments, convenience stores, wet and dry markets, and major trade and
retail business establishments. There are also a large presence of sari-sari stores
usually installed in front of residential houses and in far-flung areas in the agricultural
areas of the municipality, however, these were not entirely captured in the land
use survey.

3. Industrial Land Uses – This land use category only occupies of only about 0.15 ha.
of land in the municipality. These include light manufacturing industries such as
furniture and wood-carving industries. These land area allocation does not include
the home industries for the production of garments/clothing, e.g. for religious icons.

4. Agri-industrial Land Uses – An estimated 5.95 ha. or 0.06% of the land is allocated
for agri-industrial purposes. There is an agri-industrial company who handles frozen
meat products present in the municipality. In addition, poultry and livestock
production were also considered in the survey as agri-industrial, which are located
at barangays Tacasan and Telacsan.

5. Institutional Land Uses – There are 19.58 ha. or 0.19% of the total land area allocated
for institutional uses. These include the municipal hall, barangay halls, hospitals,
health center, schools, day care centers, religious establishment, and other
government offices and structures. All barangays have these type of land uses to
serve and support the basic social needs of the community and the neighborhood
clusters.

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

6. Agricultural Land Uses – 471.59 ha. or 4.48% of the total land area is estimated to
be occupied by agricultural land uses, majority of which are utilized for crop
production. These lands are located at the eastern portion of the municipality,
majority of which are located in barangays Tacasan, Telacsan, Caduang Tete.
Saplang David, Mataguiti, San Vicente, Candelaria and Batasan.

7. Aquaculture – Land allocated for fishponds and aquaculture activities take up

majority of the land in Macabebe. There is an estimated 8,288.34 ha. or 78.82% of
the land occupied for these type of uses. Majority of these are located in the
western portion of the municipality, but there is an observed presence of these uses
in almost all barangays. These land uses also include wetlands and marshes which
are used for fishing activities.

8. Cemetery and Memorial Parks – 8.16 ha. or 0.08% of the municipality is allocated
for cemeteries and memorial parks. These are located in barangays San Rafael,
San Isidro, Sta. Rita, and Batasan.

9. Parks and Recreation – This land use type occupies 2.24 ha. or 0.02% of the
municipal land area. This includes basketball courts, covered courts, and plazas
that provides spaces for recreational activities for the municipality’s constituents.
Almost all barangays are allocated with these recreational structures and are
usually located near barangay hall complexes or schools. These is also the
presence of the Macabebe Plaza located in the Poblacion area, in front of the
Municipal Hall.

10. Idle Lands – An estimated 68.54 ha. or 0.65% of the land is considered as idle lands
which are currently unutilized and serves no specific purpose/activities. These
include agriculture and aquaculture land that are currently unutilized, reclaimed
lands, land being prepared for urban development, and the lands along the dike
roads.

11. Roads – There is an estimated 29.11 ha. (0.28%) allocated for roads including the
National, Provincial, Municipal and Barangay Roads. Majority of these are located
in the eastern portion of the municipality, near its urban center. These also include
the dike roads which also serves as disaster mitigation measure from floods.

12. Utilities – Only comprise 0.37 ha. of the municipality. These include transport
terminals, power and water utility stations.

13. Mangroves – Currently, only 65.84 ha. or 0.63% is occupied by mangrove forests.
These are located along rivers and near the mouths of the Pasac and Pampanga
Rivers.

14. Rivers and other water bodies – 992.86 ha. or 9.44% of the total municipal land area
is occupied by water bodies such as rivers, and creeks. These also includes brackish
water areas near the exit of the Pasac and Pampanga Rivers, as well as the
Macabebe Cut-off Channel.

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
15. Foreshore lands – Foreshore lands are lands that appears during low tides and
disappears during high tide. There is an estimated 73.07 ha. or 0.69% of the
municipal land occupied by these land type. These are located near the shoreline
of Macabebe along Manila Bay.

16. Municipal Waters – There is an unofficial estimation of 7,096.65 ha. of municipal

waters for Macabebe. This is delineated by determining the 15 km. extent from the
shoreline of the municipal, with consideration to the overlapping municipal waters
of adjacent and parallel municipalities and cities. Currently, the water are used for
production fishing and also serves as minor navigation channels for small fishing
boats and vessels.

Table 15. Detailed Existing Land Use of Macabebe, 2017

Category Land Area %

Residential 482.44 4.59%
Commercial 7.45 0.07%
Industrial 0.15 0.00%
Agri-industrial 5.95 0.06%
Institutional 19.58 0.19%
Agricultural 471.90 4.48%
Aquaculture 8,288.34 78.82%
Cemetery/
8.16 0.08%
Memorial Parks
Parks and
2.24 0.02%
Recreation
Idle Land 68.54 0.65%
Roads 29.11 0.28%
Utilities 0.37 0.00%
Mangroves 65.84 0.63%
Rivers and other
992.86 9.44%
water bodies
Foreshore 73.07 0.69%
TOTAL 10,516.00 100.00%
*Based on GIS computation

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

Figure 11. Existing Land and Water Use Map

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COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

2.3 Land Use Trends and Pattern

The LGU of Macabebe has an existing Town Plan and Zoning Ordinance that was
approved in 1980. The plan directs a radial development along with a linear-type expansion

40
 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
along roads and major transport lines. The plan also emphasized on the protection and
conservation of agricultural and fishponds from land conversion and to provide supporting
facilities to improve the said economic activities in the area. The Poblacion area was also
planned for higher level of urban services and uses such as for trade and commerce, and
institutional purposes, while minor commercial activities were also directed in the northern
portion of the municipality, particularly in barangay Caduang Tete. Industrial areas, especially
for light industries, boat repair and cold storage plants, were allocated in barangays Sta. Rita,
Batasan and San Rafael.

The 1980 land use plan, however, was not clearly presented in terms of maps and land
areas. Maps were not of actual area and scale and there were no land area allocation and
future land requirements for each use. Furthermore, zone districts were not properly described
and delineated, except for the Poblacion area. The following figures presents the existing land
use maps and proposed land use maps for the 1980 plan.

Figure 12. Macabebe Existing and Proposed Urban Land Use Map, 1980

Figure 13. Macabebe Existing and Proposed General Land Use Map, 1980

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

Comparing the previous land use plan with the actual development, it can be
observed that there are very minimal deviations and differences between them. Residential
uses and other urban uses continue to develop along major roads and were concentrated in
the Poblacion area. It can also be noted that the neighborhood clusters delineated in the
original plan are still present and were further developed and improved to its current condition.
Basic social support services and infrastructure were also present in the said clusters.

One major difference that can be observed is the establishment of the dike roads and
the cut-off channel that paved way for the opening of additional lands that can be inhabited
for additional settlement areas for the municipality. These also provided additional access
systems to the other areas of the municipality which can support their agricultural and
aquaculture economic activities.

Since agricultural lands and fishponds were adequately protected and conserved
from conversion to urban uses. These land were maintained and further developed to improve
yield production. However, a percentage of agricultural lands were converted into fishponds.
This may be attributed to the vulnerability and sensitivity of agricultural lands to increased
natural calamities, prolonged logging of flood, salt water intrusion during high tide, and
possible sea level rise. Nevertheless, agricultural activities, including crop production,
aquaculture production, and livestock and poultry, continue to provide economic
opportunities to the constituents to the municipality.

2.4 Land Use Issues and Concerns

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
Even though there are minimal deviations of the actual development from the previous
plan, there are still various issues and concerns that may impact future land development in
the municipality, and these should therefore be considered in the LGU’s land use plan for the
next 10 years. In addition, the lack of proper and accurate land use and zoning maps from the
previous plan may lead to improper implementation of the plan leading to haphazard land
development and exacerbation of land-related problems.

The following are the issues and concerns that came out during the situational analysis
phase of the land use planning process:

1. Limited availability of safe and suitable lands for urban development

The existing geophysical characteristics of the municipality proves as a challenge for

future land development given the projected increase of population that will be settling in the
municipality and the increased demand for livable lands. Due to its location and topography,
the municipality is susceptible to various hydrometeorologic and geologic hazards that may
cause losses and damages to lives and properties in the area. In addition, lands in the
municipality are low-lying and vastly occupied by water and water-related uses. Though
conversion of these lands for urban uses may be possible, this will accrue additional costs,
particularly in the reclamation of this land. These water-related uses such as fishponds, as well
as the existing agricultural lands are also considered as prime lands for agriculture that needs
to be protected and conserved from urban land conversion.

Furthermore, possible densification and vertical development may not be a suitable

option for augmenting land supply for urban uses due to its susceptibility to liquefaction and
the evident subsidence of the land surface.

2. Increased risks and threats of natural hazards and climate change to the safety of local
communities and the sustainability of their economic activities

Even though there are minimal recorded damages and displacement of people
during hazard events, climate change and their impacts coupled with improper land
development may increase the risks that the municipality is facing from possible disasters.
Being the exit and catch basin of flood waters from the Pampanga River Basin, the area is
highly susceptible to floods and its possible increase in severity and frequency due to climate
change. In addition, being a coastal town, the area is also prone to inundations caused by
storm surges and tsunami. Its geologic characteristics also make them susceptible to hazards
such as volcanic hazards, liquefaction and ground shaking. Land subsidence is also an issue,
and combining it with the slow creeping sea level rise might cause decrease in land that the
LGU may benefit in. Secondary impacts such saltwater intrusion may also be experienced. The
impending threats of these hazards should be greatly considered in every aspect of the
community.

3. Lack of waste management and sanitation facilities that may cause degradation to
the environment

One of the greatest problems of the municipality is the lack of septage facilities for
almost all households in the waterways and even for some of those that are in the urban areas.
This lack of sanitary toilets to handle septage wastes may cause environmental degradation
around the settlements, and the worsening of groundwater quality which impacts the major

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source of water for the municipality. Furthermore, there is a need to improve solid waste
management in the municipality. The absence of materials recovery facilities (MRFs) and
illegal dumping of garbage are just some of the problems present, and these shall also impact
environmental quality of the area.

4. Lack of accessibility of far-flung neighborhood clusters to the urban services provided

by the municipality’s urban center

Communities and neighborhoods living far from Poblacion, and those that are
surrounded by bodies of water have limited access and connectivity to higher level urban
support services such as hospitals, colleges, and other highly technical and technological
services that may not be present in their clusters. The possibility of connecting these areas thru
roads is a costly option, and therefore there is a much needed improvement of social services
provided to these neighborhoods and in water transport to serve as main transport lines in
moving around the municipality.

2.5 Development Potentials and Opportunities

The municipality has vast advantages and opportunities that they can utilize to further
improve development and to counter the problems that they may be facing. The following
are some of the potentials that they can exploit and maximize:

1. Unique environmental landscapes and potentials for eco-tourism

Macabebe is rich in natural and ecological resources. With a wetland ecosystem and
riverine networks landscapes, the municipality can offer a unique experience to adventure-
seekers and tourists that are seldom offered by the different cities and municipalities in the
country. The municipality is also part of a Key Biodiversity Area and Important Bird Area, due
to presence of diverse bird species spotted in the area, as well as the presence of a tract of
mangroves lands in the area. The southern portion of the municipality is a good venue for
various eco-tourism activities such as bird watching, river cruise, fishing, educational trips, and
culinary tourism.

2. Rich cultural tradition and heritage

The municipality prides itself with its colorful and tainted historical past during the
Spanish Colonial period and has been one of the early settlements that made a mark in the
country’s history. Because of this, Macabebe has become a venue for various historical events
and these have been marked down by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines.

In addition to its place in history, the municipality has preserved its culture and traditions
for the past decade. The place is home to various artists that specializes in sculpting and wood
carving, and also have been known to create religious artifacts from these arts. The
municipality has also maintained its religious traditions and festivals, such as the “Mabie
Estatwa”, and also houses the 3rd oldest church in Pampanga, the San Nicholas de Tolentino
Church which was built in 1575. Macabebe also serves traditional Kapampangan cuisines
which are primarily cooked from their aquatic products.

3. Adequate institutional support and basic services to communities

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

The LGU of Macabebe had established the needed basic social services that a
community needs for all their barangays, even those that are far from major roads such as
Consuelo, Dalayap and San Esteban. Elementary schools, high schools, barangay halls, health
centers, day care center, and recreational courts are present in strategic locations of each
barangay. In addition, these structures also serve as evacuation centers during hazard events.

4. High quality aquaculture products and resources

The municipality has vast land and wetland resources that produces high quality
aquatic products such as crustaceans and prawns. Locals and tourist flock the town to go
seafood shopping for these products.

5. Possible stopover point for the proposed coastal road from Roxas Boulevard, Metro
Manila to Bataan

The construction of a coastal road connecting Roxas Boulevard in Manila to Bataan

can provide Macabebe economic potentials in terms of the possible increase of people
passing through, and even stopping over, in the town. Currently, the municipality only serves
as a dead end for people going to the coastal area of Pampanga and no major road highway
traverses the town. With the construction of the road, Macabebe can offer their various
products to a wider market.

CHAPTER 3. THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

The Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 2017-2026 is a document formulated by the
Local Government Unit of Macabebe which will guide the spatial and physical development
of the municipality for the next ten years. It is a documentary requirement for LGUs under the
Local Government Code of 1991 (RA 7160) which will provide for a guide for rationalized and
optimized use of their land resources. The new plan will be an update of the previous 1980
Town Plan and will be integrating the new thematic considerations, such as the Integrated
Ecosystems Management Framework, Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk
Reduction, and Heritage Conservation, which are provided by the new CLUP formulation
guidelines.

3.9. Vision and Mission

The Macabebe CLUP 2017-2026 will be guided by their new collective vision. The vision
was reformulated and revised after a series of consultation workshops with sectoral
representatives of the municipality. The following statement captures their desired vision:

“The Municipality of Macabebe envisions itself as a center for aquaculture development and
tourism founded on its ecological resources and heritage of heroism and patriotism,
supported by a globally competitive local economy with well-planned infrastructure,
inhabited by God-loving, educated and empowered citizenry governed by a transparent
and responsible local government in a disaster resilient community.”

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
In order attain its development vision, the Local Government of Macabebe will abide
by their following mission statement:

“The municipality shall inculcate among its constituents the value of heroism and patriotism;
ensure poverty alleviation through a wide array of opportunities for business and investment;
and further strengthen the capability of the local government to deliver efficient and
effective public service in a just, safe and peaceful community.”

3.10. Goals and Objectives

The development vision is further detailed into specific goals and objectives that shall
serve as the framework and main guide points for future land use development. These shall
also become the basis of programs and projects that will complement the desired spatial
directions. The goals and objectives are determined based on the specific vision elements and
descriptors. The success indicator is also identified which shall provide the LGU a basis to
monitor and evaluate their progress and outcomes of their plans. The said goals and objectives
are listed in the following table:

Vision
Elements and Goals Objectives Success Indicator
Descriptors
Improve yield Increased yield for
production thru aquaculture sector
modernization of Increased number of
aquaculture facilities fishponds employing
and technological modernized machineries
advancement and facilities
Intensify
aquaculture Protect and preserve
Maintain land area
production of lands allocated for
allocated for aquaculture
aquaculture and
and fishponds
fisheries
"Center for Improve value chains
Increase income
aquaculture of aquatic products to
generated from the
development benefit local
aquatic products
and tourism economy
founded on its
Develop a plan and Formulation of ecotourism
ecological
provide adequate development plan
resources and
heritage of facilities for
heroism and ecotourism Installation of facilities for
patriotism" ecotourism
Promote and
Improve and enhance existing
further develop heritage and cultural Increased in the number of
tourism sector tourism, such as tourist visiting the
woodcrafts and arts, municipality
historical sites,
traditional
Formulation of tourism
brochures and
Kapampangan
paraphernalias for cultural
tourism promotion

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

Increased visibility of
cuisine, etc.
heritage resources
Establish tourism
support facilities and Increased in the number of
structures such as inns, tourism support facilities
hotels, tourism centers, and structures
etc.
Improve urban design
Established urban and
and aesthetics to
physical design related to
emphasize on cultural
Macabebe heritage
and heritage brand
Increased in industries
Provide and install
employing adaptation and
adaptation and
mitigation measures
mitigation measures to
reduce risks and Provision of adaptation
vulnerabilities from and mitigation measures
Improve disaster disasters and climate by the Government in
and climate change support of economic
resiliency of key development
economic Improve and preserve
industries mangroves and other
coastal habitats to Increased and improved
maintain ecological mangroves and coastal
integrity and to serve habitats in the municipality
as a natural measure
against hazards
Install and construct
Increased volume of
Establish world- quality tourism support
foreign visitors
class tourism facilities
packages and Production of export Increased volume of
aquatic products quality aquatic aquatic products exported
products locally and nationally
Improve
efficiency of
business Improve process in Formulation of
transactions and availing zoning and implementable land use
"Globally ease of doing locational clearances plan and zoning ordinance
competitive business in the
local municipality
economy" Increase land
allocation for
expansion of non-key Increased land allocation
sub-sectors such as for economic activities
Maintain and
agri-industries, light based on local demand
enhance key sub-
industries, trade and and requirements
sectors and non-
commerce, and
key sub-sectors of
agriculture
the economy
Develop pleasing
environment for Increased local revenue
livelihood and and employment
employment

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

Expansion of services and

Improvement of
improvement of facilities in
existing social
barangays that are
infrastructures for
inaccessible thru road
each barangay
transport
Formulated a local public
transport plan
Improve linkages and
Provide public transport Constructed public
adequate access circulation within the transport support facilities
to basic social municipality such as waiting sheds,
and urban improved terminals and
services boat docks
Development of an
integrated public
transport terminal
linking different modes Constructed an integrated
of transportation and public transport terminal
"Well-planned to provide access in
infrastructure" and out of the
municipality
Increased compliance to
Improve waste septage, building and
management and sanitation code, increased
sanitation facilities to construction of sanitary
protect groundwater toilets
quality Improved solid waste
management system
Provide safe and Provide sufficient
clean water water supply by Increased number of water
constructing substations
additional substations
Explore water
desalination facilities Conducted research and
as an alternative to feasibility studies for water
groundwater desalination facility
extraction

Provide sufficient
Provide
power supply by Increased number of
uninterrupted
constructing power substations
power supply
additional substations
Construction of
Improve Increased number of cell
additional cell sites
communication sites and communication
and communication
signals towers
towers
"Well-planned
Manage and
infrastructure"
continuously monitor Decreased flood
Maintain flood status and structural inundation from
engineering integrity of flood dikes Pampanga River
measures and and channels
improve if Explore drainage Conducted drainage
necessary assessment and assessment and
drainage planning in implemented drainage
the Poblacion area plan

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
Improved social
welfare and
Improved social
quality of life for
Provision of adequate infrastructures based on
local constituents
social infrastructures the projected population
by provision of
increase
basic social
services
Establish civic
centers to
promote people
Increased civic and
interaction and Provision of adequate
recreational spaces based
participation in civic and recreational
on the projected
local decision- spaces
"God-loving, population increase
making and
educated and
community
empowered
building
citizenry"
Establish joint
programs and
Increased number of
projects in local
programs and projects thru
Encourage development,
partnerships between the
increased particularly in climate
government and private
participation of change adaptation
institutions
business sector and disaster risk
and civil society reduction
in local Invite and involve
development private sector in local Increased participation of
development private sector in
planning and government activities
implementation

Improve scope Increased visibility and

and coverage of Provide adequate number of government
government social support services personnel providing social
assistance to the communities services to communities
"Transparent public
and
responsible
Increased number of
local Promote
business establishments
government" investment for
Develop and propose
improved Projects related to disaster
strategic growth node
economic sector risk mitigation that makes
and zones
in the the environment
municipality conducive for investors

Increased number of
Establish efficient employees trained on
Enhance capacity
land use plan Zoning Administration and
and capability for
"Transparent implementation Enforcement
implementing the
and and Installed GIS or other similar
CLUP and Zoning
responsible management systems used for land use
Ordinance
local schemes plan implementation and
government" management
Establish effective Collaborate with other Increased number of
inter-agency agencies, across programs and projects
coordination, vertical and horizontal involving other agencies

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

especially in governance levels, in Establishment of inter-

issues and locally implemented agency governance
concerns related programs and models that handle various
to river basin projects transboundary issues and
management concerns such as
and CCA-DRR watershed management
and CCA-DRR
Retrofit and mitigate
Ensure safety of
existing structures from
government
hazards that can All government structures
structures from
affect the municipality are safe from possible
effects of hazards
Locate new structures hazards
and climate
away from hazard
change
susceptible areas
Increase local
awareness and
public Maximize use of
information institutional structures Increased visibility of
dissemination for information promotion and information
related to dissemination in the materials
government barangay
programs and
projects
Develop
Inform, Formulation of barangay
neighborhood level
capacitate and and school-level
evacuation and
require residents contingency plans
contingency plans
on local disaster
Provide information Reproduced and
evacuation
materials on for local disseminated information
procedures
disaster preparedness materials
Determine evacuation Conducted evacuation
Provide
needs per barangay needs assessment
adequate space
and match them with
and resources for Allocated adequate open
the needed facilities
evacuation spaces and evacuation
and land allocation
centers structures
"Disaster
resilient Install sirens and
community" Provision of early procure text blasts Procured early warning
warning systems systems for quick system components
public dissemination
Train, capacitate and
Reinforce Increased number of
provide adequate
emergency rescue team members
equipment for rescue
rescue teams trained and capacitated
teams
Educate local
farmers and fisher
Increased number of fisher
folks on climate Conduct climate
folks and farmers trained
change resiliency training seminars to
and capacitated in
in aquaculture local communities
climate resiliency
and agriculture
production

3.11. Functional Role in the Province

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
Pampanga stands tall as the regional center of the entire Central Luzon. Its growth is
all-inclusive as it covers all areas of development and ensures that the marginalized sector is
integrated in the progress without sacrificing cultural heritage and environmental protection.
Its continual development is a testament to its people’s determination, diligence, and
dynamism. To make this progress uninterrupted is a challenge that can only be matched by
the collective and collaborative efforts of every Kapampangan led by a responsive and
ethical local government.

To attain its desired goal and vision, Pampanga identified a 12-point development
agenda which are the key elements that must be considered in their Provincial Development
and Physical Framework Plan for 2015-2042. They are the following:

1. Good Governance
2. Poverty Alleviation
3. Social Amelioration
4. Sustainable quality health services
5. Equal access to quality education
6. Environmental sustainability and disaster resiliency
a. Natural Resources
i. Quarrying
ii. Rivers and Waterways
iii. Candaba Swamp
iv. Coastal and Marine Resources
v. Mt. Arayat National Park and Upland Areas
b. Solid Waste Management
c. Disaster Resiliency
7. Attractive Investment Climate
8. Adequate Infrastructure Support
9. Peace and Order and Public Safety
10. Conservation and Promotion of Kapampangan Culture, Arts and Heritage
11. Tourism Promotion
12. Promotion of Public-Private Partnership

Based on situational assessment, Macabebe was identified by the province as one of

the nine High Density and Slow-Growing Settlement, and was considered as a Medium-sized
Town. In terms of economic contributions, the municipality is one of the municipalities who are
into brackish and freshwater fishpond activities.

Given these characteristics, Macabebe was identified as one of the municipalities,

including Masantol, and Sasmuan as the core areas for the Pampanga Bay Growth Center.
Supporting them as service areas are the municipalities of Lubao, Guagua, Minalin, Sto. Tomas,
which are also located at the southern portion of the province.

The PDPFP outlines the competitive advantage of the area that need to be enhanced,
and they are the following:

● Inland fishery and aquaculture may have to be further enhanced considering that
the province is one of the major sources in the aquaculture sector. Pampanga as
the leading province in tilapia production and a major producer of tiger prawn
and shrimp will be sustained.
● Coastal Ecosystem Rehabilitation: Rehabilitation of mangroves along coastal areas
needs to be undertaken with the cooperation of concerned agencies and coastal
communities.

In addition, the PDPFP of Pampanga identified most of the municipality as part of the
Protection Policy Area. Policies on these areas aims to protect sensitive and critical ecosystems

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
from human intrusion to preserve their integrity, allow degraded resources to regenerate, and
to protect the population from environmental hazards, among other things. The Agriculture
and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA) shall provide the guidelines on the utilization and
protection of agricultural lands from conversion which are present in the municipality.

For the Settlement Policy Areas, it is assumed that the present built-up of Pampanga
can still accommodate twice the number of people if proper land management strategies
(e.g. in-filling, densification, medium & high rise construction, mixed use, reclamation, and
urban renewal) and appropriate engineering interventions are provided. The implementation
of the settlement plan will be facilitated by the following settlement policies:

i. Detailed urban land uses will be provided in the Comprehensive Land Use Plans
(CLUPs) and Zoning Ordinances (ZOs) of municipalities and cities.
ii. Agricultural land conversion for urban development and expansion will be strictly
regulated and restricted to ensure the food security of the province.
iii. Land demand and supply management measures such as densification, medium
rise construction, in-filling of vacant / idle lands, among others, will be
implemented to optimize land utilization.
iv. Presidential Decree 957 and Batas Pambansa 220 will be strictly enforced to
ensure the livability of settlements.
v. The development of medium to high rise residential units popularly known in the
country as condominiums will be promoted to help reduce the pressure on the
conversion of agricultural lands.
vi. The province will prioritize its shelter and resettlement program consistent with the
provisions of the Urban Development and Housing Act (UDHA), and by
implementing urban renewal and urban blight clean-up projects.
vii. Density control, type of housing, drainage facilities and retaining walls and
related slope stabilization structures will be made a requirement in settlements
development in sloping areas (more than 18% slope) in hills and mountains.
viii. Building height limitations in geologically unstable areas and aviation pathways
will be established and strictly enforced, and building construction must meet the
requirements for seismic resistance or resilience.
ix. Suitable and safe sites for settlement and relocation of vulnerable communities
and informal settlers will be identified and zoned accordingly.
x. Lifeline support services and infrastructure such as schools, hospitals, power, and
water supply will be sited in areas safe from natural and man-made hazards.
xi. Green parks, open spaces and green buildings (natural parks, vertical greeneries,
green rooftops, green open parking lots) in CBD or heat islands will be
encouraged among builders through economic incentive and recognition
reward systems.
xii. Evacuation/escape routes, evacuation sites and safe shelter facilities will be
established and developed in safe zones.
xiii. Sitting of toxic, hazardous and pollutive industries should be away from
settlements.

Production Policy Areas, on the other hand, are identified as follows:

i. Accessibility and connectivity between production and growth centers of the

province will be enhanced by implementing measures that will reduce traffic
decongestion and improve access and circulation.
ii. Subject to the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) system of the Department
of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), the province will only cater to light,
medium, and heavy industries.
iii. The SAFDZ areas of the province will be protected from, and are non-negotiable
for reclassification and conversion. Non-protected agricultural lands may be

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
applied for reclassification and or conversion subject to the approval of the local
Sanggunians and concerned agencies of the national government.
iv. The development of ecotourism and tourism estates such as the development of
an integrated resort complexes, sports and recreational centers,
accommodation, convention and cultural facilities, commercial establishments
will be promoted to create jobs and economic opportunities.

The Infrastructure Policy Area of the province are grouped into economic, social,
administrative, and utilities& transportation. Policies for these infrastructure are directed
towards its improvement, modernization, and optimized location and operations.

3.12. General Development Thrusts

These General Development Thrusts shall serve as the framework for future land
use development of the municipality. These strategies were determined based on
existing needs and concerns of the municipality, and were anchored towards
attaining its vision, goals, and objectives, as well as its functional role in the province
and region. The strategies are as follows:

1. Prioritization and intensification of Aquaculture and Tourism Development

● Protection and conservation of existing aquaculture lands from land use conversion
and climate and hazard-related impacts
● Establish aquaculture and agriculture support facilities in strategic location and
construct critical farm/fishpond-to-market transport networks
● Improve and enhance coastal and wetland ecosystems that are of significant value
to the proposed ecotourism strategy
● Establish tourism support facilities in strategic areas that will not impact ecological
integrity

2. Promotion of Commercial, Industrial, and Agri-industrial Development

● Enhancement of Poblacion commercial district
● Development and allocation of lands for commercial development in emerging
secondary growth nodes
● Development of industries and agri-industries in strategic locations away from
settlements and agricultural areas that they can have impact to

3. Establishment of Complete Neighborhood Residential Communities

● Expansion of residential lands and settlements in safe areas
● Employ proper land management strategies, such as in-filling, densification,
medium & high rise construction, mixed use, reclamation, and urban renewal, to
limit conversion of prime agricultural lands and fishponds
● Establishment of Socialized Housing Projects for affordable housing and relocation
of residences in unsafe and danger zones
● Allocate and provide basic social services and structures (e.g. health centers,
schools, minor commercial establishments, public transport) in the proximity of
neighborhood communities

4. Provision of Adequate Infrastructure and Utilities in Strategic Locations

● Construction of key engineering and infrastructure measures to mitigate and
prevent disasters and to adapt from climate change, such as drainage systems
● Establishment and improvement of evacuation centers

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
● Improve road circulation systems and develop a water transport system
● Locate strategic sites for further expansion of power, water, and communications
facilities
● Improve and expand institutional facilities, such as hospitals, tertiary level
education, protection services, and other social welfare facilities

5. Cultural Branding and Imaging of the Municipality

● Enhance and further promote existing “brand” or “image” of the municipality.
● Protection of heritage sites and intangible cultural assets such as festivals,
traditional practices, etc.
● Establishment of urban design and aesthetics related to the heritage and history of
Macabebe
● Campaign and advocate the local brand to the Province of Pampanga.

6. Climate Change and Disaster Resiliency

● Protection of natural drainage systems thru strict implementation of legal
easements (Water Code – PD 1067).
● Construction of key engineering and infrastructure measures to mitigate and
prevent disasters and to adapt from climate change
● Establishment of evacuation areas and centers that can accommodate the
projected number of evacuees during disasters
● Promote redundancy of transport systems to counteract the disruption of services
during calamities
● Improve mangrove habitats to serve as buffer and barrier from tide-related hazards

3.13. Spatial Strategy and Planning Concepts

There are very limited spatial options for the development of the municipality, due
mainly to their geophysical characteristics. Furthermore, since there were no foreseen major
land development changes in the next decade due to slowing down of growth in the
municipality, the proposed land use plan will continue to be anchored heavily in the existing
spatial direction which is thru a radial development thru linear expansion of urban settlements.
This type of development will help limit conversion of prime agricultural lands and to limit
impact of urban development to critical ecological systems. Also, this type of development
will have minor impacts to congestion to the urban area since the municipality leads to a dead
end and people that would most like use the transport routes are mostly its residents.

To further improve the spatial structure of the municipality, it is proposed that special
urban planning concepts are to be employed and that urban land uses are located in
strategic locations through the development of growth nodes. Overlay zones are also to be
proposed, to provide for thematic considerations in the development of lands.

The following are planning concepts that are to be considered and that will help
determine specific land uses to be proposed in the area:

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
1. Complete Neighborhoods Concept

The term Complete Neighborhood refers to

a neighborhood where one has safe and
convenient access to the goods and services
needed in daily life. This includes housing options,
grocery stores and other commercial services,
quality public schools, public open spaces and
recreational facilities, affordable active public
transportation options, and civic amenities. An
important element of this concept is that built at a
walkable and bikeable human scale, and that it
meets the needs of people of all ages and abilities.
This type of development is a viable option for the
clusters of existing and developing settlements,
particularly those that are far from the municipality Figure 5. Diagram of a "complete neighborhood"
center. This concept is also applicable even to the (Source: The Portland Plan, www.pdxplan.com)
emerging residential subdivisions and districts of the
Poblacion or urban area.

2. Walkable Towns Concepts

Walkability is an important concept in sustainable urban design. It has various health,

environmental, and economic benefits. Walkable towns are described as connected and
cohesive, denser (vertical development, mixed uses), has a vibrant feeling, adequate space
for walking and cycling, and prioritizes public transport. For Macabebe to utilize this concept,
factors influencing walkability should be considered. These include presence or absence of
quality footpaths, sidewalks or other pedestrian pathways, traffic and road conditions, land
use patterns, building accessibility, public transportation access, safety, vegetation, and
structure facades and designs, among others.

3. Rectilinear Development and Linear Expansion

The rectilinear grid pattern is a street system

providing maximum road connection and some road
hierarchy. It represents the classic grid street pattern
used in many street systems. This pattern is the preferred
pattern in the absence of natural features to prevent its
uses. This type of structure and form are usually found in
small cities rather in the large ones. This will be the major
pattern for the urban area of Macabebe. However,
since the outer portions of the urban area is restricted
by its geophysical characteristics, a linear development
will be employed, with some semblance to grid or
rectilinear patterns. Major roads will treated as major
transportation spine of the pattern.
Figure 6. Example of rectilinear grid
4. Nodal Development (Source: The Neighborhood Model:
Building Block for the Development Areas)
This type of development is directed at leading development away from the urban
core or city center toward identified urban growth areas and nodes. However, the concept
for the municipality, is that it will characterize clusters of development to having its own
specialization and activities. The major center provides specialized facilities and services to its
nodes and acts as its external linkage to the other centers. In turn, the secondary or minor
nodes support the major center as its captive market while providing neighborhood facilities
and services to its area of influence. Mixed-used growth will be proposed in the major and

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
minor growth node in order to promote compact and denser development. These nodes will
be located at the safest and most strategic locations.

Figure 7. Example of a multi-nodal pattern (Source: HLURB Guidebook)

5. Mixed-use and Compact
Development

Mixed-use is a type of urban development that blends residential, commercial, cultural,

institutional, or industrial uses, where those functions are physically and functionally integrated,
and that provides for a more pedestrian-friendly connection. Mixed-uses can take form of a
single building, a city block, or entire neighborhoods. Having this type of development will
have an advantage on the land upon which they are built due to the incorporation of various
activities in a smaller land area. This type of development will also lessen the trips via vehicles
in going to and from their destinations. This will also help promote walkability in the town.

For Macabebe, mixed-use commercial-residential areas shall be proposed in the

Poblacion area, in order to have additional economic activities while maintaining the
character of the land for residential purposes. This shall also promote a more pedestrian- and
public transport-oriented circulation system.

6. Integrated Multi-modal Transport System

To further complement the thrust of having a more compact and denser land
development in the municipality, an integrated Multi-modal Transport System is proposed. This
system will provide users with different ways of moving and will be focused on improving public
transportation systems in order to provide a long-term sustainable service capable of adapting
to the changing social and geographical conditions of each area.

Multimodal transport refers to the transport of goods or passengers using different

effectively integrated transportation options. In the case of Macabebe, it is proposed to
integrate and rationalized existing public transport options such as buses, jeepneys, tricycles,
and even ferries and water vessels. The system will be prioritizing the network integration,
location of terminals are linked and complemented with each other. The plan shall lay out the
possible locations of these multimodal terminals.

7. Ecosystems Management and Biodiversity Conservation

Basically, Ecosystems Management aims to maintain or improve ecosystems so that it

should provide a range of goods and services to current and future generations. The term
“ecosystem” describes the entire system of living organisms and their interacting abiotic
factors such as air, water and minerals occupying a given space. Land management will be
geared towards the conservation of these interactions which produces various goods and
services. For Macabebe, the goal is towards the protection of their coastal and wetland
ecosystems, which produces one of their main source of income which is aquaculture and
fishing. The protection of these ecosystems will help manage and conserve the production of

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
their aquatic resources. In addition, these ecosystems will also improve the capacity of the
area to combat against the effect of hazards and climate change.

Furthermore, Biodiversity Conservation, a related topic to Ecosystems Management,

also aims to protect the variety of species in the said ecosystems, in order to protect its
potentials and existing contributions to the various goods and services provided by the
ecosystem. Example of their goods and services include clean air, fresh water and food
products, as well as timber and fiber, which are provided by the various vegetation, such as
mangroves.

8. Heritage Conservation

Heritage Conservation seeks to maintain and increase the value of buildings by

keeping their original built form and architectural elements, favoring restoration rather than
replacement and, when restoration is impossible, recreating scale, period and character.
Heritage is seen through the various marks and landscapes that shows our predecessors’ efforts
to sustain life and satisfy their needs. These landscapes and environment are important to
society as a whole and merits some level of protection and consideration.

Macabebe has a variety of heritage assets that should be protected and that should
be integrated and harmonized to the existing urban design and landscapes of the area. These
shall help emphasize these assets and to provide for better landscapes and aesthetic value to
the area. These sites are proposed to be protected and enhanced thru overlay zones and
other urban design projects and efforts.

3.14. Structure and Conceptual Plan

From the selected spatial strategy and relevant planning concepts, a Structure Plan or
Conceptual Plan was developed to guide further delineation of proposed land uses in the
municipality. The Structure Plan Map shows the general location and direction of major urban
growth nodes, as well as, key production and protection areas. This will become the basis for
the Proposed Land Use Plan of the Municipality.

The plan for Macabebe is to have a multi-nodal and rectilinear type of development
for the major land use development thrusts. The main development growth nodes include the
proposed locations of the Urban Centers, Secondary Neighborhood Clusters, Aquaculture
Growth Node, Tourism Nodes, Mangrove Conservation Areas, and Production Fishing Areas.
These Growth Nodes shall be connected through the proposed transport circulation system.
The major engineering measure, which are the dike roads and the cut-off channel, were
delineated in the concept plan.

The location of the nodes and proposed strategy were developed based on the
analysis of the existing situation and are anchored by the municipality’s development vision.
Hazards and climate change, as well as environmental and ecological preservation were
greatly considered in the concept. Heritage, culture and traditions were also considered in
adding value to the existing urban environment.

The following are the key elements of the Structure Plan:

1. Growth Nodes

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
These Growth Nodes shall be the major point of development for various land use
development options and uses. These nodes shall have various characteristics and
unique nature which shall be translated further into the land use plan and zoning. These
nodes are presented in the Structure Plan Map.

a. Urban Center – The Urban Center is

component of Barangays Sta. Rita.
Sto. Rosario, San Roque, San
Gabriel and San Isidro. The area will
continue to be the main center for
higher urban services and uses
having establishments such as
hospitals, tertiary level education,
banks, restaurants, and
supermarkets, among others.
Further development of this area
will be promoted, while also
enhancing urban amenities and support facilities, such as urban design,
walkability, heritage conservation, and traffic and transport management, to
provide a more conducive environment for the people going in and out of the
area. Most of the inner core of the center is proposed for commercial uses,
while those that are located just outside the core are proposed for mixed-use
residential-commercial uses.

b. Minor Settlements – These nodes are located in the far-flung settlement clusters in
barangays San Esteban, Dalayap, and Consuelo. These clusters will serve as
settlements and service providers of basic social services and basic needs, e.g.
education, health, recreation, protection, social welfare, disaster evacuation,
commerce, etc., for the people involved in aquaculture, agriculture and other
resource-based economic activities. The development of these nodes will employ
the complete neighborhood concept wherein the needs of the people are
already provided by the settlement.

c. Intensified Aquaculture Development Node – This node is located at the existing

aquaculture area of the municipality. This area is proposed to be further improved
and enhanced thru modernization and technological advancement, as well as
provision of additional support facilities, to further improve yield and value chains
of the aquaculture production. These areas shall also be strictly protected from
urban land conversion and developments shall be geared towards the
improvement of the aquaculture sector of the municipality.

d. Tourism Nodes – It is envisioned that the

whole municipality, not only these
nodes, should be able to provide for
unique and unforgettable sceneries
and landscapes that visitors can
experience and enjoy. Walking around
the municipality center should provide
for a cultural and heritage feel, and
exploring the outskirts of the
municipality should make the visitors
acknowledge our environment. The nodes that are presented in the map are

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
located in Barangays San Francisco and Consuelo near the mouth of Pampanga
River. The Tourism Information Center in San Francisco shall serve as a rite of
passage for tourists so that they will be informed and oriented on the Macabebe’s
tourism philosophies, as well as provide a venue for local business owners to display
and sell their local products. On the other hand, the ecotourism node located in
Consuelo shall be a major location for land development and structures for
ecotourism activities and support facilities. Development within the ecotourism
area shall be managed and well-planned in order to minimize impact to
environment and natural resources.

e. Agri-industrial Node – The Agri-industrial node located in the northern portion of the
municipality is proposed to be allocated for further agri-industrialization. Existing
facilities are already present in the area. It is envisioned that these are will provide
for the increase of value of agricultural products and for additional livelihood and
jobs for the settlers of Macabebe.

f. Mangrove Conservation Area – The

shoreline of the municipality is
proposed as a Mangrove
Conservation Area to provide for the
enhanced ecological integrity of
Macabebe. The mangroves shall
provide for habitat to the biodiverse
species present in the locality, which
include birds and aquatic animals and
plants, and shall serve as regeneration
areas for aquatic resources. These shall
also serve as a buffer from tidal inundations coming from Manila Bay. This area shall
also serve as a venue for ecotourism activities.

g. Production Fishing Area – This area is located in the 7,096.65 ha. municipal waters
jurisdiction of the municipality. The area, which is delineated thru measuring a 15-
km. distance from the shoreline (in consideration of adjacent water boundaries),
shall serve as secondary source of aquatic products. The area will be available for
various fishing activities, with the exception of commercial and large scale fishing
activities.

2. Transport Circulation System

The Structure Plan Map displays the major transportation spines that shall serve
the circulation channel for the overall land development and uses in the municipality.
It is proposed that having an integrated multi-modal transport, for both water and land,
shall help in having an effective and efficient circulation and movement within the
municipality. These transportation routes will be prioritized for management and
upgrading, as well as the basis for proposing for a more rationalized public transport
system of not only the municipality, but also for its linkage to other adjacent
municipalities and the whole province. It shall be proposed to further increase the
frequency and viable modes of transport within these routes.

3. Overlay Zones

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 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

Overlay Zones are special regulatory tools that create a special zone district,
placed over existing base zones, which defines special and additional provision to
these underlying base zones. These overlay zones can share common boundaries with
the base zone or cut across base zone boundaries. These regulations, or in some cases
incentives, are attached to the overlay district to protect a specific resource or guide
development within a special area. For the municipality of Macabebe, overlay zones
are to be proposed for heritage conservation for the historic sites and its adjacent
areas, ecotourism development in the coastal area, and disaster risk reduction for
various hydrometeorologic and geologic hazards. These overlay zones are roughly
represented in the Structure Plan Map. The boundaries for these areas shall be further
defined under the proposed land use and zoning.

4. Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction

The diagram below shows that major engineering measure against climate
change and disasters, which includes the Dike Road and the Cut-off Channel. These
measures were developed to protect the lowland /coastal municipalities of
Pampanga from the flood inundation caused by the overflowing of the river systems,
leading from the upland of the Pampanga River Basin to Manila Bay. It is the aim of the
municipality and province to manage and even further improve these structures to
withstand the possible increase in severity and frequency of hazards due to climate
change.

In addition to these structural interventions, CCA-DRR shall be further enhanced

thru various soft measures such as ecosystems management and mangrove
rehabilitation, overlay zones thru additional provisions and requirements for resilient
settlements, disaster preparedness and climate resilient practices.

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Figure 14. Structure Plan Map

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3.15. Proposed Land Use Plan

The Proposed Land Use Plan greatly considered the existing situation of the
municipality, particularly on the land use issues and development potentials, and the
development goals and objectives identified for the attainment of the Vision of the
Municipality. The projected land demand due to the increase of population and their needs
are integrated into the proposed allocation of land uses and was plotted into a Proposed Land
Use Map based on the Structure Plan. The Land Use Plan aims to not only allocate future
expansion of urban uses, but also to limit this expansion while protecting existing agricultural
lands from conversion. Furthermore, the Plan will solve problems with conflicting uses and non-
conformity of uses, as well as integrate Coastal Ecosystems and Municipal Waters in the land
use plan. This Land Use Plan will be then translated into a Zoning Ordinance for its
implementation.

Table 16. Existing Land Uses and Proposed Land and Water Uses (2017-2026) for the
Municipality of Macabebe, Pampanga
Existing (2016) Proposed (2017-2026) Percent Inc./Dec.
Land Use
Area % Area % Change (Has.)
Residential 482.44 4.59% 524.85 4.99% 0.40 42.41
Socialized Housing 0.00 0.00% 2.25 0.02% 0.02 2.25
Commercial 7.45 0.07% 17.45 0.17% 0.10 10.00
Industrial 0.15 0.00% 0.45 0.00% 0.00 0.30
Agri-Industrial 5.95 0.06% 12.57 0.12% 0.06 6.62
Institutional 19.58 0.19% 20.80 0.20% 0.01 1.22
Agricultural 471.59 4.48% 560.59 5.33% 0.85 89.00
Aquaculture 8,288.34 78.82% 8,181.34 77.80% -1.02 -107.00
Tourism 0.00 0.00% 10.65 0.10% 0.10 10.65
Cemetery/Memorial Parks 8.16 0.08% 11.16 0.11% 0.03 3.00
Parks and Recreation 2.24 0.02% 2.24 0.02% 0.00 0.00
Idle Land 68.54 0.65% 0.00 0.00% -0.65 -68.54
Roads 29.11 0.28% 29.11 0.28% 0.00 0.00
Utilities 0.37 0.00% 1.62 0.01% 0.01 1.25
Mangroves 65.84 0.63% 78.79 0.75% 0.12 12.95
Rivers and Waterways 992.86 9.44% 992.86 9.44% 0.00 0.00
Foreshore 73.07 0.69% 69.27 0.66% -0.03 -3.80
10,516.0 100.00
TOTAL 0 % 10,516.00 100.00% - -

Existing (2016) Proposed (2017-2026) Percent

Municipal Water Use
Area % Area % Change
Municipal Fishing - - 6,976.89 98.31% -
Foreshore Land - - 34.87 0.49% -
Mangroves - - 50.8 0.72% -
River and estuaries - - 34.1 0.48% -
TOTAL 7,096.65 100.00% 7,096.65 100.00% -

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Proposed Land Uses

Overall, there are only minor changes in the land use allocation of municipality
with only about 1.02% of the aquaculture lands were reclassified into urban and other
agricultural uses, with augmentation of additional lands from existing mapped out idle
lands. In total, about 179.34 ha. were reallocated to urban uses and agricultural uses.

The Land Use Plan was strategized to have a more compact and densified
uses resulting to less conversion and more of reclassification of existing urban uses to
higher level land uses to help in the economic development of the municipality. The
Land Use Plan proposes the following land use changes for each land use categories:

1. Residential Land Use

Based on the Macabebe Shelter Plan 2015-2023, a projected land requirement of 32.25
ha. is needed to accommodate the housing backlog and increase of population for
Macabebe. An additional 10.16 ha. was added in the land use requirement to
accommodate the possible increase in population up to 2026, which leads to a total of
42.41 ha. or 0.40% change for residential land uses. Furthermore, mixed-used residential-
commercial uses are also allowed in Commercial Land Uses to also serve as a supplement
for lands for housing. These mixed-use areas shall also help promote a more compact
development in the municipality, especially around the Poblacion area.

Majority of the proposed residential uses, outside the urban core area, shall be developed
along major transport roads thru a linear-type of development. However, the length of the
residential lots from the road shall be limited to protect portions of agricultural and
aquaculture lands from conversion. In addition, housing developments shall not encroach
the water easements established under the Water Code.

Housing structures shall also be compliant to National Building Code standards and shall
require sanitary toilets for septage waste management. This will entail the development of
resilient homes and the protection of the environment from the effects of improper waste
disposal. In addition, some areas may require additional building height and additional
storeys to counteract the possible impacts of hazards (e.g. flood).

2. Socialized Housing

A projected 2.25 ha. of land or 0.02% of the total land area is proposed for Socialized
Housing development in the municipality. These will serve as resettlement homes for people
living in danger areas, e.g. people living in Candelaria. Proposed Socialized Housing Zone
are identified in Barangays San Roque and San Isidro. These site shall be subjected to land
banking by the LGU of Macabebe before it can be developed as a housing site. These are
already delineated in the Proposed Land Use Plan.

Based on the Local Shelter Plan of Macabebe, an estimated 4 ha. is needed for socialized
housing. 2.5 ha. is proposed to be funded by the National Government and the rest shall
be covered by the LGU. The identified locations for the socialized housing land requirements
is suggested to be located within residential zones and areas which are safe from hazards.

3. Commercial Land Use

An estimated 10 ha. or 0.17% of the land area is proposed for commercial development in
the municipality. These are strategically located in existing residential zones that are

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projected to be developed for higher intensity uses and that are already experiencing
land use changes into commercial uses. The location of these uses also considered the
interaction of the existing activities and transport movement in the area. These areas shall
allow mixed-use residential-commercial uses to promote compact development, as well
as a pedestrian-friendly and walkable development.

Commercial areas in the urban core/Poblacion area shall be promoted for higher intensity
commercial uses to allow certain higher level services, business and trade to locate in the
municipality. Commercial uses outside the urban core shall be proposed for neighborhood
and community scale establishments.

4. Industrial Land Use

An increase of only 0.30 ha. is projected for industrial uses in the municipality. This was proposed
to allow possible expansion of existing light industries, e.g. wood carving, furniture-making
and garments manufacturing. Furthermore, home-based industries are still allowed in the
municipality, provided they comply with the standards, both physical and use standards,
which shall be set in the Zoning Ordinance. This shall allow homes to develop their own
sources of livelihood.

5. Agri-industrial Land Use

A total of 12.57 ha. or 6.62 ha. increase in agri-industrial land is proposed for the municipality of
Macabebe. This shall help the local business owners to locate their farm and aquaculture
products processing, for product value-adding, within the municipality. This shall be
located in Barangay Tacasan, near the exit point of Macabebe, to easily link the products
to the whole Province of Pampanga.

6. Institutional Land Use

An estimated 1.22 ha. increase for institutional uses is projected for the municipality. This shall
accommodate the possible expansion and upgrading of existing facilities. This is located
near the proximity of the existing facilities. The upgrading of the institutional facilities shall
strictly comply with the zoning requirements, especially those regulations that can help
mitigate the possible effects of climate change and hazards.

7. Agricultural Land Use

There is a proposed increase of 89.00 ha. or 0.85% of the total land area to be allocated for
agricultural purposes. Majority of the lands that were reclassified for this purpose were from
the aquaculture land uses. The increase is expected to provide the basic food
requirements of the municipality leading to food self-sufficiency rather than importing from
other neighboring municipalities. This zone was strategically located in the existing NPAAAD
areas and prime agricultural lands in the north-western portion of the municipality,
particularly in Barangays Tacasan, Caduang Tete, Telacsan, Saplad David, Candelaria,
and San Vicente. It was also situated near the agri-industrial areas for possible value-
adding of products. This areas are to be strictly protected from urban conversion and from
the possible impacts of climate change and hazards.

8. Aquaculture Land Use

Aquaculture or fish ponds and fisheries uses still comprise the majority of the land use allocation
of the municipality. These are present in almost all barangays, especially in the central and
southern portion of the municipality. However, there was a proposed decrease of about
1.02% of the total aquaculture uses or about 107.00 ha. to be converted for urban and
other agricultural purposes. The decrease of land supply for aquaculture purposes will be

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balanced out with the improvement and modernization of the fisheries sector. This will result
to minimal improvement of fishery production.

9. Tourism Land Use

Since the municipality are rich in resources and assets (natural and cultural) that can be
maximized for tourism activities, tourism areas were proposed to be development in the
municipality within the next planning period. These cover approximately 10.65 ha. and are
situated in Barangay San Francisco, in the Hidden Paradise, and in the southern tip of the
municipality in Barangay Consuelo. These tourism areas will serve two different purposes.
The area in San Francisco will serve as the tourist information center and souvenir products
center, while the southern tourism zone shall be for possible development of eco-tourism
related facilities.

10. Cemetery and Memorial Parks

An estimated area of 3.00 has. is proposed for cemeteries and memorial parks to
accommodate the projected death counts for the next nine years from 2017-2026.

11. Parks and Recreation

There are no changes for land use allocation of parks and recreation. Existing facilities, such as
basketball courts and plazas, are adequate enough to provide the recreation to the
community. These facilities are already situated strategically around the municipality.
Schools also provide additional recreational facilities for the community.

12. Roads

The land use plan estimates the same land area allocation for the municipality for the next 10
years. However, minor changes and road improvements are expected to improve road
transport in the municipality. Transportation shall also be augmented with water-based
transport systems. In addition, public transport shall be improved, as well as the promotion
of pedestrian-friendly transport systems.

There are already ongoing talks of having a national coastal road that will link Bataan with
Metro Manila and passing through the southern portion of Macabebe, but this is not yet
expected to materialize within the planning period. Once the road construction will be
implemented, a possible updating of the land use plan will be conducted to anticipate
the impacts of the said road development.

13. Utilities

There is an estimated increase of 1.25 ha. for utilities to accommodate for the expansion
of solid waste management, water, power and transportation facilities in the municipality.
A Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) will be developed in Barangay San Vicente. Water and
power utilities, which were identified as an improvement area for the development of the
municipality, can be located within utilities zone or other urban zones, provided they do
not affect or impact nearby communities. Transportation facilities, particularly jeepney,
tricycle and bus terminals, are situated in strategic locations to promote a connected
public transport system. The land use plan identified these areas in Barangays San Gabriel
and Sta. Rita, and near the Municipal Hall, within the Urban Center.

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14. Mangroves Conservation Area

An additional 12.95 ha. or 0.12% of the total land of Macabebe is proposed as Mangrove
Conservation Areas. This area shall be protected and shall be further improved thru
mangrove tree planting. This shall provide the ecological integrity needs of the
municipality, as well as landscape for ecotourism activities. These mangroves shall also
serve as nesting grounds for biodiversity, particularly for migratory birds and fishes. This shall
also serve as protection from tidal hazards.

15. Rivers and Waterways

Rivers and waterways are to be protected from dumping and blockages. Land area covered
by these waterways are to remain the same for the next 10 years. Areas along these
channels are also to be protected from settlement development and proper easements
based on the Water Code should be complied with.

16. Foreshore Land

Foreshore lands are lands that appear during low tide and that disappear during high tide.
These foreshore lands were based on the NAMRIA land cover and land use map given to
the Province of Pampanga, however, this is still subject to further survey and validation.
These lands should not have permanent structures and a lease should be required for the
people to use the land for economic purposes. There is an estimated decrease of about
3.80 ha. of foreshore lands due to reforestation of mangrove areas. This conversion
activities, however, should have conducted mangrove or other coastal habitats suitability
assessments to determine the best type of species that can be propagated within the
area. These areas might also be leased for ecotourism purposes.

3.7.1 Proposed Water Uses

The Land Use Plan of Macabebe also greatly considers the interactions
between its coastal areas and lowland areas. It is therefore imperative to properly
delineate uses and activities in within the Macabebe’s municipal water (15 km.
delineation from the shore) to lessen the possible negative impacts that may arise
when development is directed in these areas. The following are the proposed zones
and its allowable activities:

1. Municipal Fishing Use

This zone covers majority of the municipal waters. Within this zone, municipal fishing, as defined
in the Fisheries Code, is allowed. Municipal Fishing refers to fishing within municipal waters
using fishing vessels of three (3) gross tons or less, or fishing not requiring the use of fishing
vessels. No permanent structures are allowed in these area. This covers about 6,976.89 ha.
of the municipal waters.

2. Foreshore Land

The foreshore land delineated within the municipal waters is connected to the foreshore land
delineation under the land use plan of the municipality. These lands shall have the same
regulations identified in the said proposed land use (strictly no permanent structures).
However, these lands are still subject to survey and further validation. This comprise of
about 34.87 ha. of the municipal waters.

3. Mangroves

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An additional mangrove conservation area of about 50.80 ha. is added within the municipal
waters. This is connected and linked with the Mangrove Conservation Area land use
identified in the land use plan of the municipality. Similar with its counterpart, the species
and suitability of mangroves should first be assessed before reforestation activities and shall
serve for the same purposes.

4. Rivers and estuaries

Estuaries are partially enclosed bodies of water along the coast where freshwater from rivers
and streams meets and mixes with salt water from the ocean and are located at the mouth
of rivers. These river/estuary zone shall not allow permanent buildings or structures, except
for duly-approved protective coastal structures. Activities allowed within this zone include
shell gathering and regulated fishing.

3.7.2 Thematic Overlays

In addition to the proposed base land and water use zones, thematic
considerations are to be considered for developments that fall under the proposed
development areas. These include considerations from the effects of hazards and for
the protection of vital natural and cultural resources. Under these zones, additional
regulations and restriction are provided.

Liquefaction and flood overlays were not mapped out under this section, due
to it being present in the whole municipality. Considerations for these hazards are
automatically required for all types of development in the municipality.

1. Heritage Overlay

Heritage Overlays are applied to areas, thru buffer zones, surrounding the heritage structures
located within the municipality. This overlay zone was proposed to preserve existing historic
structure and sites and to harmonize the design and construction of new development
with the design of these structures. This shall apply to the sites and markers identified and
established by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP), as well as those
that are locally-established. Building height and bulk will be controlled surrounding the
structures and markers, and the design of the landscape should be developed to
emphasize the said structures.

2. Coastal Hazards Overlay

Coastal hazards overlay considers the possible impacts of tsunami and storm surges in the
areas. Developments that falls under this overlay should have additional regulations to
lessen the hazards’ impacts. Critical facilities, such as government centers and civil
emergency structures (e.g. evacuation centers, hospitals), shall not be allowed within
these zones. In addition, structures to be built should be able to withstand tsunamis and
vertical evacuation is possible (e.g. two-storey structures and roof-hatch opening). The
coastal hazard overlay was delineated based on the Ready Project Storm Surge Hazard
Map and PHIVOLCS Tsunami Hazard Map.

3. Volcanic Hazard Overlay

Volcanic hazard overlay was delineated based on the Volcanic Hazard Map of PHIVOLCS,
particularly the Zone 4 category. Areas that fall under this category is safe from lahars but
prone to sediment-laden streamflows or siltation. Regulations within this zone include
restrictions of development of critical facilities and government social infrastructures.

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4. Ecotourism Overlay

The ecotourism overlay was delineated based on the two-kilometer buffer from the proposed
tourism areas in the southern-most tip of Macabebe, in Barangay Consuelo. This overlay is
proposed to ensure that the dual goals of environmental conservation and tourism
economic development are attained. Under this zone, ecotourism activities and facilities
are allowed, provided they do not greatly impact the environment. Designs of structures
should also conform to the applicable national standards for ecotourism. Specific
regulations related to uses and physical standards are further outlined in the Zoning
Ordinance.

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Figure 15. Propose Land Use and Water Use Map

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Figure 16. Overlay Zone Map

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3.16. Plan Implementation

Under the Republic Act No. 7160 otherwise known as the Local Government Code of
1991, cities and municipalities are mandated to provide regulatory measures and/or
instruments for the implementation of CLUPs. The formulation of plan should consider the
different actors in the municipality, such as the private sectors, the local communities, fisher
folks, farmers, and the National Government Agencies, and to be science- and evidence-
based. The plan should be harmonized with the other local plans required to the LGU. To
administer the implementation of the plan, the following tools, instruments, and programs were
developed and proposed:

1. Zoning Ordinance

This CLUP, with a planning period about a decade from 2017 to 2026, will be
implemented through a Zoning Ordinance (ZO) pursuant to Section 20 (c) of the Local
Government Code of 1991 (RA 7160), “the local government units shall, in conformity with
existing laws, continue to prepare their respective Comprehensive Land Use Plans enacted
through zoning ordinances which shall be the primary and dominant bases for the future use
of the land resources…”. In accordance to the developed CLUP, the ZO serves as a guide in
the proper allocation of activities on the LGU’s territory to regulate, maximize and direct uses
and development to achieve the overall Vision of the Municipality. This ordinance will ensure
the strict compliance of the LGU, as well as the compliance of other actors with requirement
set by the ZO.

Volume 2 of Macabebe’s CLUP shall outline the Zoning Ordinance that will be used in
implementing the plan. This shall become the basis for certification of zoning and locational
clearance. In addition, a Zoning Map is developed using Geographic Information Systems
which shall be a representation of the said zoning regulations and requirements. The GIS based
Zoning Map shall be developed as accurate as possible to reflect and capture the actual uses
on the ground.

2. Programs and Projects

The following programs and projects are proposed and shall be further detailed in the
municipality’s Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP). These programs will become part of
the program and project identification and prioritization phase of the CDP, and will be funded
through the Local Development and Investment Plan (LDIP). These recommended PPAs are
recommended to serve as support in the land use plan implementation. The proposed PPAs
are as follows:

● Climate-resilient Agriculture Program and Training (Demo Sites, climate-resilient

agriculture schools)
● Drainage Improvement Projects
● Development of Disaster Evacuation and Contingency Plan
● Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction Planning
● Public-Private Consultation Workshops for Disaster- and Climate-Risk Sensitive
Economic Development: Improving Existing Value Chains
● Computerization of Municipal Physical Data into Geographic Information Systems

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● Civil Registry Verification System for Disaster and Climate Risk Tagging
● Irrigation and Rainwater Impounding Infrastructure Project
● Socialized Housing Projects
● Construction and expansion of Basic Social Infrastructures such as Senior Citizen’s
Center, Multipurpose Social Welfare Center, Day Care Centers, additional Schools and
Barangay Health Centers
● Construction of civic park/centers and conduct of monthly Community Assembly
● Urban Greening Programs (Green pathways, etc.)
● Urban Design and Aesthetics Improvement related to Heritage Brand of the
Municipality
● Road Improvement Projects
● Construction of Integrated Public Transport Terminal
● Formulation of Local Public Multi-modal Transport Plan
● Construction and Expansion of Power, Water, and Communications Facilities
● Credit Program for Small Scale Enterprises
● Mangrove and Wetland Ecosystem Rehabilitation
● Heritage Site Enhancement
● Construction of Tourism Support Facilities
● Development of Tourism Development Plan

3. Legislations and ordinances

Legislations can also be pursued in the future to complement the existing land use plan
and shall be enacted through a local ordinance. The following are the proposed legislations:

● Revenue Code
● Investment and Incentives Code
● Mandatory Disaster Evacuation Ordinance
● Local Fisheries Code

4. Land Use Information Systems for M & E

In addition to the proposed Zoning Ordinance, suggested Programs and Projects, and
legislations, a land use information system can be proposed to monitor actual land
developments and changes taking place in the municipality.

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