COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Sector : AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY

Qualification Title :ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION NC II

Unit of Competency : PRODUCE ORGANIC VEGETABLES

Module Title : PRODUCING ORGANIC VEGETABLES

REGIONAL TRAINING CENTER-ILIGAN

Maria Cristina, Iligan City
 HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY – BASED LEARNING
MATERIALS

REMINDER;

 Read information sheets and complete the self-checks. Suggested references

are included to supplement the materials provided in this module.
 Perform the task sheet and job sheet until you are confident that your
outputs conform to the Performance Criteria Checklist that follows the
sheets.
 Submit outputs of task sheet and job sheet to your facilitator for
evaluation and recording in the Accomplish Chart. Outputs shall serve as
your portfolio during the Institutional Competency Evaluation. When you
feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, ask your trainer to
evaluate you. The results of your assessment will be recorded in your
Progress Chart and Accomplishment Chart.

You must pass the Institutional Competency Evaluation for this competency
before moving to another competency. A Certificate of Achievement will award to
you after passing the evaluation.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in
this learner’s guide because you have:
 Been working for some time
 Already completed training in this area

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a particular
outcome, you don’t have to do the same training again.

Talk to your trainer about having them formally recognized. If you have a
qualification or certificate of competence from previous training, show it to your
trainer. If the skills, you acquired are still current and relevant to the unit/s of
competency they may become part of the evidence you can present for RPL. If you
are not sure about the accuracy of your skills discuss this with your trainer.

After completing this module ask your trainer to assess your competency.

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Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency profile. All the
learning activities are designed for you to complete at your own pace.

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 COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS

List of Competencies

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

RAISE ORGANIC RAISING ORGANIC AGR612301

1.
CHICKEN CHICKEN

PRODUCE ORGANIC PRODUCING ORGANIC AGR611306

2.
VEGETABLES VEGETABLES

PRODUCE ORGANIC PRODUCING ORGANIC AGR611301

3.
FERTILIZER FERTILIZER

PRODUCE ORGANIC PRODUCING ORGANIC

AGR611302
4. CONCOCTION AND CONCOCTIONS AND
EXTRACTS EXTRACTS

RAISE ORGANIC RAISING ORGANIC AGR611302

5.
HOGS HOGS

RAISE ORGANIC RAISING ORGANIC AGR612303

6.
SMALL REUMINANTS SMALL REUMINANTS

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 MODULE CONTENT

Qualification Title : ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

Unit of Competency : PRODUCE ORGANIC VEGETABLES
Module Title : PRODUCING ORGANIC VEGETABLES

Introduction
This Module covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required to
establish nursery, plant seedling, perform plant care and perform harvest and
post-harvest.

Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this module, the student/trainees will be able to:

LO1 Establish Nursery

LO2 Plant seedling

LO3 Perform Plant Care Activities and Management

LO4 Perform Harvest and Post-Harvest Activities

LO 1. ESTABLISH NURSERY
Assessment Criteria
1. Seeds are selected in accordance with the PNS, and BPI.
2. Seedbed is prepared in accordance with planting requirements based on
Vegetable Production Manual (VPM).
3. Care and maintenance of seedlings are carried out in accordance with
enterprise practice.
4. Potting media are prepared in accordance with enterprise procedure.
CONTENTS:
1. Germination testing
2. Physical evaluation of seeds
3. Seedbed preparation procedure
4. Proper handling of seedlings
 Picking
 Hardening
5. Proper water management
6. Organic method of pests and disease management
7. Organic method of nutrient management
8. Types of potting media
9. Advantages/disadvantages of different potting media
10. Mixture of potting media
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 11. Potting media preparation and procedure

LO 2. PLANT SEEDLINGS
Assessment Criteria
1. Land preparation is carried out in accordance with enterprise practice.
2. Organic fertilizers and applicable concoctions are incorporated in the soil
before planting in accordance with enterprise procedure.
3. Seedlings are transplanted/ planted based on VPM recommendations
4. Water of seedlings are performed based on VPM recommendation

CONTENTS:

1. Land preparation activities

2. Procedure in applying fertilizers and applicable concoctions
3. Transplanting and planting procedures
4. Water management

LO 3. PERFORM PLANT CARE AND MANAGEMENT

Assessment Criteria
1 Implemented water management plan.
2 Effective control measures were determined on specific pests and diseases
as prescribed under the “pest, disease and weed management” of the PNS.
3 All missing hills were re-planted to maintain the desired plant population of
the area.
4 Organic fertilizers were applied in accordance with fertilization policy of PNS.

CONTENTS:
1. Proper care and management of plants
2. Water management plan
3. Organic method of pests and disease management
4. Organic method of nutrient management
5. Crop rotation
6. Intercropping
7. Cover cropping
8. Green manuring
9. Plant pests and disease management
10. Types of pests and disease
11. Organic method of preventing and controlling pests and diseases
12. Establishment of buffer zone

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 LO 4. PERFORM HARVEST AND POST HARVEST ACTIVITIES
Assessment Criteria:
Products are checked using maturity indices according to PNS, PNS-organic
agriculture and enterprise practice.
1. Marketable products are harvested according to PNS, PNS-organic
agriculture and enterprise practice.
2. Harvested vegetables are classified according to PNS, PNS-organic agriculture
and enterprise practice.
3. Appropriate harvesting tools and materials are used in accordance with PNS.
4. Post-harvest practices were applied according to PNS and GAP
recommendations.
5. Production record was accomplished

CONTENT:
1. Maturity indices.
2. Proper handling of tools and materials.
3. Practices in post-harvest of vegetables.
4. Harvesting tools and implements
5. Principles and guides in post-harvest handling of vegetables.
6. Principles of 5S
7. Principles of 3Rs
8. Proper recording
9. PNS
10. PNS-organic agriculture
11. GAP

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LEARNING OUTCOME # 2 PLANT SEEDLING
CONTENTS
1. Land preparation activities
2. Procedure in applying organic fertilizers and applicable
3. Transplanting and planting procedures
4. Water management

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
1. Land preparation is carried out in accordance with enterprise practice.
2. Organic fertilizers and applicable concoctions are incorporated in the soil
before planting in accordance with enterprise procedure
3. Seedlings are transplanted/ planted based on VPM recommendations
4. Watering of seedlings are performed based on VPM recommendations

CONDITION
Student /trainees must be provided with the following:
1. Tools and Materials
 Broom stick
 Bolo
 Shovel
 Sprinkler
 Organic fertilizer
 Trowel
 First aid kit

2. Training Materials
 Vegetable Production Manual
 Handouts/flyers
 PPEs

3. Training equipment
 LCD/computer
 Printer
ASSESSMENT METHOD
1. Direct observation and oral questioning
2. Demonstration
3. Interview

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 Learning Experiences

Learning Outcome # 2

Learning Activities Special Instructions

Read information sheet 2.2-12

View power point presentation 2.2-12

Answer self-check 2.2-12

Compare to answer key 2.2-12

Read information sheet 2.2-13

Read and understand each Information
View power point presentation 2.2-13 Sheets, carefully. After doing so,
evaluate your understanding with
Answer self-check 2. regards to the topics by answering each
Self-check. Answered Self-checks will be
Trainer demonstration evaluated by referring to its
Actual Demo using Job Sheet 2.2-13 corresponding Answer Sheets. Also,
perform Return Demonstration using
Observation with Oral questioning Task Sheets under supervision of the
Read information sheet 2.2-14 observing facilator/trainer and
View power point presentation 2.2-14
evaluating Task sheet based on the
Performance Criteria.
Actual Demo using Task Sheet 2.2-14
Observation with Oral questioning
Answer self-check 2.2-15
Compare to answer key 2.2-15
Trainer Demonstration
Actual Demo using Job Sheet 2.2-15
Observation with Oral questioning

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 Information Sheet 2.2-12

LAND PREPARATION ACTIVITIES

Land preparation provides the best soil conditions which will enhance the

successful establishment of the crop diseases and pest invasion. Land preparation

is also called as tillage practice; tillage practice is mechanical pulverization or

manipulation of the soil to take about favorable conditions for the growth of crops.

Tillage practices include all operations used for the function of modifying the soil

characteristics. It costs about 30% of the total cost of cultivation.

Learning Objectives:

After reading this Information Sheet, you must be able to:

1. Develop potential growth, survival, and uniformity of a crop to be

established.

Purpose:

 Create seedbed

 Kills weed/ pest

 Incorporate fertilizer

 Change cold size

 Incorporate crop residues

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Steps in Land preparation
1. Clear the area by removing the weeds and other unnecessary things.

2. Plow the field

 Animal drawn

 Mechanized tractor

 Power tiller

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3. Harrowing

4. Lay-out the field using measuring tape, stakes and string:

Character of a good field lay-out

 Weed free
 Well pulverized
 Well mounted stakes and strings
 Good drainage and irrigation system

5. Prepare the raised beds by digging furrows

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Bed preparation
Important components:
 Raised beds- Refers to the agricultural technique of building
freestanding crop beds above the existing level of soil. Sometimes
raised beds are covered with plastic mulch to create a closed planting
bed. Raised beds may be rectangular in shape or have an irregular
shape. They can be formal or informal in their design. A raised bed
does not need to be very deep to be productive.

 Plastic Mulch- Is a product used, to suppress weeds and conserve

water in crop production and landscaping. Certain plastic mulches
also act as a barrier to keep methyl bromide, both a powerful fumigant
and ozone deplete, in the soil. Crops grow through slits or holes in
thin plastic sheeting. Plastic mulch is often use in conjunction with
drip irrigation.

Advantages:
 Control weed growth
 Control soil erosion
 Control moisture loss
 Control water-logging
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  Prevents fruit rotting

 Good drainage – A good drainage system will reduce the risk of

detrimental water logging to acceptable levels.

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 Self-Check 2.2-12

PART 1. Multiple Choices

Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer in
your answer sheet.

1. Refers to the agricultural technique of building free standing crop beds

above the existing level of soil?

A. Good drainage
B. Raised beds
C. Plastic mulching
D. All of the above
2. Is a product used, to suppress weeds and conserve water in crop production
and landscaping?
A. Raised beds
B. Plastic Mulch
C. Good Drainage
D. All of the above
3. Provide the best soil conditions which will enhance the successful
establishment of the plants/crops?
A. Land preparation
B. Plastic Mulching
C. Raised Beds
D. None of the above
4. It is the first step in land preparation?
A. Plow the field
B. Lay out the field using the measuring tape, stakes and string
C. Clear the area by removing the weeds and other unnecessary
things
D. Prepare the raised beds by digging out the furrows

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5. Reduce the risk of detrimental water logging to acceptable levels?

A. Raised beds
B. Good Drainage
C. Plastic Mulching
D. All of the above

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 Answer Key 2.2-12

PART 1. Multiple choices

1. A
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. B

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 Job Sheet 2.2-12
Title: Establish Land Preparation

Performance Objective: Given the supply/materials and equipment, you should

be able to establish raised beds with the following
standard.

Supplies/Materials:
 Organic fertilizer
 Vegetables Production Manual
 Handouts/flyers
 PPEs

TOOLS:
 Bolo
 Broomstick
 Organic fertilizer
 Sprinkler
 Trowel
 Measuring tape
 String
 Shovel

Steps/Procedure:
1. Clear the area by removing the weeds and other unnecessary things
2. Plow the field
3. Harrow the field
4. Lay-out the field using the measuring tape, stakes and string
5. Prepare the raised beds by digging out the furrows

Assessment Method:
1. Direct observation and oral questioning.

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 Performance Criteria Checklist 2.2-12

CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Clear the area by removing the weeds and other
unnecessary things
2. Plow the field
3. Harrow the field
4. Lay-out the field using the measuring tape, stakes and
string
5. Prepare the raised beds by digging out the furrows

________________________________________ ________________
Signature over printed name of Trainee Date

_________________________________________ _________________
Signature over printed name of Trainer Date

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 INFORMATION SHEET 2.2-13
Procedure in applying organic fertilizers and applicable concoctions

Organic fertilizer for garden is typically made of single ingredients and can
be matched to your garden’s particular nutritional needs. The types of organic
fertilizer can come from plants, animal or mineral resources, depending on what
chemicals your garden requires. In order to qualify as an organic fertilizer, the
materials must naturally occur in nature.

Learning Objectives:
After reading this information sheet, you must be able to:
1. Know how to apply organic fertilizer and the applicable concoction to be
used.
Purpose:
Organic materials can increase the soil’s water-holding capacity, improve
aeration, decrease erosion, and promote biological activity in the soil. Organic
fertilizers can be very beneficial to pastures, crops and lawns, but they can
contaminate surface and groundwater supplies if applied excessively or
improperly.

Types of Application:
1. Basal Application
2. Foliar Application

Basal Application – also known as per-planting fertilization has the main purpose
to increase soils biological fertility and concentration of mineral elements,
providing big quantities of lacking nutrients.

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Foliar Application- means that you are feeding plants by applying liquid fertilizer
directly to the leaves as opposed in the soil. Foliar application are definitely good
for plants, they’re not a good substitute for healthy soil. The best time to use foliar
application is early in the morning or late in the afternoon or when a plant is
lacking in nutrients

Apply recommended fertilizer/concoction:

Different type of Manure that can be serves as fertilizer in plants
Chicken Manure
Cow Manure
Goat Manure
Sheep Manure
Pig Manure
Vermi cast
Chicken Manure
Chicken manure fertilizer is very high in nitrogen and also contains a good
amount of potassium and phosphorus. The high nitrogen and balanced a nutrient
is the reason that chicken manure compost is the best kind of Manure to use. But
the high nitrogen in the chicken manure is dangerous to plants if the manure has
not been properly composted. Raw chicken manure fertilizer can burn, and even
kill plants. Composting chicken manure mellows the nitrogen and makes the
manure suitable for the garden.

Cattle Manure
Cattle manure is basically made up of digested grass and grain. Cow dung
is high in organic materials and rich in nutrients. It contains about 3 percent
nitrogen, 2 percent phosphorus, and 1 percent potassium (3-2-1NPK). In addition,
cow manure contains high levels of ammonia and potentially dangerous pathogens. For
this reason, it’s usually recommended that it be aged or composted prior to its use as cow
manure fertilizer

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Sheep Manure
Sheep manure, like other animals manure, is a natural slow-release fertilizer.
Nutrients in sheep manure fertilizer provide adequate nourishment for a garden. It
is high in both phosphorus and potassium, essential elements for optimal plant
growth. These nutrients help plants to establish strong roots, defend against pests
and grow into vibrant and productive plants. Sheep manure can also be used as
organic mulch. Because of its low odor, sheep manure can easily be used to top
dress garden beds. A garden bed that has a high number of earthworms and soil
microbial activity, all good for plants.

Manure Goat
One of the most common uses for goat manure is a fertilizer. Goat
manure fertilizer can help gardeners produce healthier plants and crop yields
goats not only produce neater pelletized droppings, but their manure doesn’t
typically attract insects or burn plants as does manure from cows or horse. Goat
manure is virtually odorless and is beneficial for the soil. This manure contains
adequate amounts of the nutrients that plants need for optimal growth especially
when the goats have bed in stalls. As urine collects in goat dropping, the manure
retains more nitrogen, thus increasing its fertilizing potency. However, this
increase in nitrogen usually requires composting prior to use.

Pig Manure
Absolute. The best way for using pig manure in the garden is to compost
it. Add pig manure to your compost pile and allow it to rot long enough and hot
enough.it will break down and kill all the organisms it might carry that are a
danger to your health.

Vermi cast
Vermicast is a n organic by-product of the composting activities of
earthworm. Planking earthworm in a pile of compost allows them to make their
way through the food and excrete vermicast. Vermicast enriches the soil and helps
to ensure that plants receive all the nutrients and is often used as a successfully.
Vermicast is consider a soil.

Compost
Is made up of organic materials that break down in the soil, enriching its
structure and adding essential nutrients. To understand the composing process, it
help to look at the natural decomposition process found in nature. For instance,
wooded areas are filled with organic materials have trees, leave, etc. Over time
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these materials slowly decompose, or break down, with the help of micro-organism
and earthworm. Once the materials have decomposed, fertile soil that is also
responsible for producing healthy plant. This process is similar to garden
composing. Once decomposing has taken place in the compost pile, the result
should be similar to that of human with a dark, crumbly, soil-like material.

Different Type of Concoction that can be serves as fertilizers in plants

Oriental Herbal Nutrients (OHN) -Natural Immune Booster
Natural Calcium Phosphate (CHALPHOS)-Memorial Nutrient
Lactic Acid Bacteria Serum (LABS)-Natural Enzymes
Indigenous microorganism (IMO)-Natural Soil Enhancer
Fermented pant juice (FPJ)-Natural Growth Enhancer
Fermented Fruit juice (FFJ)-Natural Taste Enhancer
Fish Amino Acid (FAA)-Natural Protein Source

Oriental Herbal Nutrients (OHN)-Natural Immune Booster

Benefits of using OHN: Prevention of some plant disease. Source of
nutrients and other microelements. Organic Herbal Nutrient (OHN) is used in
natural, also known as organic, farming to retrain the growth of anaerobic
bacteria, which usually thrives without the presence of oxygen that can cause
diseases in plants. OHN is used not only to prevent these pathogenic bacteria from
harming crops, but also to promote aerobic microorganisms that benefit the soil
and plants by improving their resilience to various environmental stresses like
wind, heat, drought, and so on.

Natural Calcium Phosphate (CALPHOS) - Natural Calcium Phosphate Micro

Nutrients

Lactic Acid Bacteria Serum (LABS)-Natural Enzymes

Lactic acid bacteria are anaerobic microorganisms. In the absence of
oxygen, they break sugar into lactic acid. LABS are very effective in improving
ventilation of air in the soil, promoting rapid growth of fruit trees and leaf
vegetables.

Indigenous Microorganism (IMO) - Natural Soil Enhancer

IMO are the microorganisms that have been adapting and surviving
within the native soil environments throughout the years. The organisms that
primarily make up IMO are beneficial fungi, bacteria, and yeasts.

Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ) – Natural Growth Enhancer

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 Dilute FPJ with water- generally, at a concentration of 1 part per 500
parts water (1:500). Apply FPJ once per week in the late afternoon, best if an hour
before sunset. The solution can be watered onto plants or into the soil, or it can
be applied as a foliar spray. The nutrient solution is applied once per week and is
adjusted as the plant passes through its life-cycle stages and vegetative and
reproduction phases.

Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ) – Natural Growth Enhancer

As flower inducer and fruit setter FFJ made from a combination of ripe
fruits of banana, papaya, and squash have been proven by many organic farmers
to be effective when sprayed on the leaves at the rate of 2-4 tbsp. /gallon of water
at the onset of flowering up to fruit setting. These ripe fruits contain phosphorus
and potassium, which are necessary during the flowering and fruit setting. As soil
microorganism activity accelerator.

Fish Amino Acid (FAA) – Natural Source of Nitrogen

As source of nitrogen FAA is source of nitrogen. Use it as a foliar spray
during the vegetative stage at 1 teaspoon/liter of water or apply it directly to the
soil to hasten microbial activities. As energy source for soil microorganism to
hasten decomposition.

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 SELF CHECK 2.2-13

Part 1. Multiple choices:

Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct and best
answer in your answer sheet.

1. Is typically made of single ingredients and can be matched to your garden’s

particular nutritional need?
A. Composting
B. Organic Fertilizer
C. Chicken Manure
D. All of the Above

2. Is an organic by-product of the composting activities of earthworm?

A. Vermicast
B. Compost
C. Organic Fertilizer
D. All of the Above
3. Is made up of organic materials that break down in the soil, enriching its
structure and adding essential nutrients?
A. Compost
B. Chicken Manure
C. Organic Fertilizer
D. All of the Above
4. Means that you are feeding plants by applying liquid fertilizer directly to the
leaves as opposed in the soil?
A. Organic Fertilizer
B. Foliar Application
C. Basal Application
D. All of the above
5. Also known as pre-planting fertilization?
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 A. Basal Application
B. Organic Fertilizer
C. Foliar Application
D. All of the above
6. It is a kind of concoction called natural growth enhancer?
A. Fish Amino Acid (FAA)
B. Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ)
C. Lactic Acid Bacteria Serum (LABS)
D. Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ)

7. It is a kind of concoction called natural taste enhancer?

A. Fish Amino Acid (FAA)
B. Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ)
C. Lactic Acid Bacteria Serum (LABS)

D. Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ)

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 ANSWER KEY 2.2-13
PART 1. MULTIPLE CHOICES

1. B
2. A
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. D

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 Job Sheet 2.2-13
Title: Spray crops with Fermented Fruit Juice

Performance Objective: Given the supply/materials and equipment, you should

be able to fertilized crops using foliar application with the
following standard.

Supplies/Materials:
 Vegetables Production Manual
 Handouts/flyers
 PPEs

Equipment:
 Organic fertilizer
 Sprinkler


Steps/Procedure:
1. Fill the sprayer with 1000 ml of water
2. Add 2 tbs. of FFJ
3. Mix thoroughly the water and FFJ
4. Spray it directly to the top and underneath of leaves of the plants

Assessment Method:
2. Direct observation and oral questioning.

Date prepared: Issued by: Date: May. 26,

CBLM on July 1, 2022 24
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE Prepared by: Revision: Page 21 of
PRODUCTION NCII 30
MUSMINA R. SULTAN
 Performance Criteria Checklist 2.2-13

CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Fill the sprayer with 1000 ml of water
2. Add 2 tbs. of FFJ
3. Mix thoroughly the water and FFJ
4. Spray it directly to the top and underneath of
leaves of the plants

________________________________________ ________________
Signature over printed name of Trainee Date

_________________________________________ _________________
Signature over printed name of Trainer Date

Date prepared: Issued by: Date: May. 26,

CBLM on July 1, 2022 24
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE Prepared by: Revision: Page 22 of
PRODUCTION NCII 30
MUSMINA R. SULTAN