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Lec 15

The document discusses transceiver architecture and design. It covers topics like heterodyne receivers, problems with images, dual down conversion, direct conversion receivers, and modern heterodyne receivers with quadrature down-conversion.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
19 views9 pages

Lec 15

The document discusses transceiver architecture and design. It covers topics like heterodyne receivers, problems with images, dual down conversion, direct conversion receivers, and modern heterodyne receivers with quadrature down-conversion.

Uploaded by

snaaao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RF Transceiver Design

Lecture 15
Transceiver Architecture – II

Prof. Darshak Bhatt


DEPARTMENT of Electronics & Communication

1
Basic Heterodyne Receivers
LNA Mixer
RF BPF IF -ωin 0 ωin ω
INPUT Output

Local -ωLO 0 +ωLO ω


Oscillator

-ωin -ωLO +ωin -ωLO +ωin +ωLO


-ωin +ωLO 0 ω

2
Problem of Image
Desired
Signal
Image

LPF
ωin ωim ω ωIF ω
ωIF ωIF
CosωLOt
-ωLO ω
ωim = ωin + 2ωIF = 2ωLO - ωin
Image Reject
LNA Filter
Image
Reject
Filter
ωin ωim
CosωLOt 2ωIF

3
Image Rejection versus Channel selection
LNA Channel • A high IF allows substantial rejection of
Image
Select the Image, whereas a low IF helps with
Reject
Filter the suppression of in-band interferers.
Filter
Desired
Signal CosωLOt
Image Reject
Filter Image Channel Select
Interferer Filter

ωin ωim ω ωIF ω


2ωIF

2ωIF ω ωIF ω

4
Dual Down Conversion Channel IF
Band Image Channel Select Amplifier
Select Reject RF Mixer Select IF Mixer Filter
Filter LNA Filter MX1 Filter MX2
BPF1 BPF2 BPF3 BPF4
A B C D E F G H

ωLO1 ωLO2

5
Direct-Conversion Receivers
• Mixing Spurs: due to non-ideal mixing and LO generation. Mixing of RF input by all LO
harmonics.
ωint ± mωLO1 ± nωLO2 = ωin - ωLO1 – ωLO2

LPF I

LNA
BPF CosωLOt
ωin

LPF Q

SinωLOt

6
Self Image
Symmetrically-modulation Asymmetrically-modulation
S(f) S(f-fLO) xBB(t)
VCO
fc f
0 f fLO ω t

fLO f
-ωIF1 +ωIF1 ω

0 ω

7
Modern Heterodyne Receiver
• Heterodyne RX with quadrature down-conversion

LPF XBB,I(t)
LNA
BPF
ωin CosωLO2t

ωLO1
LPF XBB,Q(t)
• Sliding-IF Receivers SinωLO2t

LPF XBB,I(t)
LNA
BPF LO2,I
ωin
fLO1
LPF XBB,Q(t)
LO2,Q 𝑓𝐿𝑂1
LO1 ÷2 2
Example
𝑓𝐿𝑂1 2
𝑓𝐿𝑂1 + = 𝑓𝑖𝑛 𝑓𝐿𝑂1 = 𝑓𝑖𝑛
2 3
Mix2 BB
VGA
LPF XBB,I(t)
IF
Mix1
LNA VGA
I
ωin
BB
Mix2 VGA

LPF
48GHz XBB,Q(t)
PLL
4:1 12GHz Q

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