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PHYS144 Class10 01 Preview

The document covers topics related to rotational dynamics including angular momentum, torque, rolling motion, and precession. Key equations for torque, angular momentum, and rotational work are provided along with example problems and questions.

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John daniel
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11 views21 pages

PHYS144 Class10 01 Preview

The document covers topics related to rotational dynamics including angular momentum, torque, rolling motion, and precession. Key equations for torque, angular momentum, and rotational work are provided along with example problems and questions.

Uploaded by

John daniel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Rotational dynamics

Endgame

• Enjoy Reading Break. It is okay to actually take a Break.


• After break, focus on Theory of Special Relativity (!). Last two videos will
be posted over Break.

• The Withdrawal Deadline for all courses is December 1


• Exploration credit?
• Only for non-required courses in your program
• Class appears as CR/NC on your transcript
• Last day of classes: Dec. 8
• Final Exam: Dec. 20 @ 2 p.m. in Education Gym (3 hour exam)
Content Quiz Topics

Angular momentum / rotational collisions


Rolling motion
Statics
Torque and acceleration
Torque summary

Key equations:
τ⃗ = r ⃗ × F ⃗ τ = rF sin ϕ

Then:

τ⃗ = I α ⃗
∑

Right hand rule and cross products!


Three forces labeled A, B, C are applied to a rod
which pivots on an axis through its centre. Recall
that sin 45° = cos 45° ~ 0.71 epoll.srv.ualberta.ca
Code: MGW

Which force causes the largest magnitude torque?


A) A B) B C) C
D) two or more forces tie for largest size torque.
Two light (massless) rods, labeled A and B, each are
connected to the ceiling by a frictionless pivot. Rod A
has length L and has a mass m at the end of the rod.
Rod B has length L/2 and has a mass 2m at its end.
Both rods are released from rest in a horizontal
position.

A L/2
B Which mass
L experiences a larger
2m
torque?
m epoll.srv.ualberta.ca
! Code: MGW
A: A B:B C: Same Torque
8
Two light (massless) rods, labeled A and B, each are
connected to the ceiling by a frictionless pivot. Rod A
has length L and has a mass m at the end of the rod.
Rod B has length L/2 and has a mass 2m at its end.
Both rods are released from rest in a horizontal
position.

B Which one falls to the


A L/2
L vertical position the
2m
fastest?
m
epoll.srv.ualberta.ca
!
Code: MGW
A: A B:B C: Same Time
11
Example: I want to open a standard door with width of L = 0.8 m.
Assume the door has a mass of m = 10 kg. If I press on the door a
distance of r = 0.75 cm from the (frictionless) hinge with a force of
F = 50 N that always points in the same direction, what is the
acceleration of the door when θ = 30∘?

Hinge
θ

F⃗
L
Angular momentum

Key equations
L⃗ = Iω⃗
and
L ⃗ = r ⃗ × p⃗
and finally
dL⃗
τ⃗ =
dt
This person is going to sit on this chair, holding
weights with arms extended. They will give
themselves a spin and then pull their arms in.
What will happen to their speed?

A. Spin will speed up.


B. Spin will remain the same.
C. Spin will slow down.
D. Trick question: They will fall off the chair and
hurt themselves.
epoll.srv.ualberta.ca
Code: MGW
Someone will sit on a motionless chair that can
turn. We will take the bicycle wheel that is
spinning counterclockwise when viewed from
above. Then, that someone will flip the wheel
upside-down. What will happen to the seated
person?
epoll.srv.ualberta.ca
Code: MGW
A. Nothing
B. They will start turning clockwise.
C. They will start turning counterclockwise.
D. They will start turning, but the direction
depends on how fast the wheel is going.
Angular Momentum

Before After
Person
Person Wheel Wheel

2L⃗
L⃗
⃗
L tot ⃗
L tot

L⃗
Angular momentum conservation means vector sum
of angular momentum is the same before and after
Precession
If I spin the bicycle wheel the other direction,
what will it do:

A. Precess same direction as before.


B. Precess opposite direction.
C. Human sacrifice, cats and dogs living
together, mass hysteria.

epoll.srv.ualberta.ca
Code: MGW
Precession
Even though F ⃗ points down,
τ ⃗ = r ⃗ × F ⃗ points into the
T⃗ screen.

ω⃗ dL⃗
Since τ ⃗ = this is the way
dt
r⃗ that the wheel turns.
F ⃗ = mg ⃗
Angular momentum and
torques behave like vectors.
Example A thin uniform metal bar (M = 4.0 kg, L = 3.0 m) is mounted
horizontally at rest on a frictionless horizontal pivot about one end. A very small
metal ball (m = 1.0 kg) perpendicularly strikes the bar 2.0 m away from the pivot
at 5.0 m/s and rebounds elastically. What is the angular speed of the bar after
the collision?

Why is angular momentum conserved but not linear momentum here?


Rolling motion
Cycloids
A rolling object follows the pattern that vcm = Rω for
the wheel.
Rolling motion
Cycloids
A rolling object follows the pattern that vcm = Rω for
the wheel.

v = 2vcm

v=0
Example A 2.1 kg solid rubber ball rolls up a 30° incline without
slipping. What is the magnitude of the static friction force that acts
on the ball? (You don’t need μs or the radius of the ball.) What is
2
the centre of mass acceleration? Use g = 10 m/s .
Rotational work

Key equation:

∫
τ dθ = ΔK

A 2.1 kg solid rubber ball rolls up a 30° incline without slipping. What is the
magnitude of the static friction force that acts on the ball? (You don’t need μs or the
If
radius of the ball.) What is the centre of mass acceleration? Use g = 10 m/s2…
the ball starts with an initial speed of vcm = 1.0 m/s,
how much work does the friction force do on the ball?
This shows two pirates
running on a wheel that is
rolling to the right at speed
v. The pirates stay in their
same positions relative to
the wheel. How does the
speed of pirate 2 (v2)
compare to v?

A. v2 < v
B. v2 = v
C. v2 > v

epoll.srv.ualberta.ca
Code: MGW

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