Task 2024

G12 ~ Physical Sciences

TASK 4: Experiment 2

PHYSICAL SCIENCES
GRADE 12
TASK 4: EXPERIMENT 2
INTERNAL AND EQUIVALENT RESISTANCE IN A CIRCUIT

TOTAL: 50

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This task consists of THREE sections:

1.1 Section A: Experiment
1.2 Section B: Simulation done online, and answers written down
1.3 Section C: Application questions
2. Read the instructions for the experiment thoroughly before doing it practically.
3. Photos of the practical, which is done by the candidate self, must be submitted
with the scientific report.
4. Write a detailed scientific report after completion of the practical on the attached
answer sheet.
5. Use the guidelines on “How to write a scientific report and other important information
for investigations and experiments” as on my.Impaq.
6. The candidate must submit the answer sheet with the following:
• Section A: Scientific report written by each candidate according to the
instructions, including photos of the practical done by the learner.
• Section B: Answer the questions on the answer sheet. Use the web page as
indicated.
• Section C: Answer the questions on the answer sheet and submit together with
section A and B.

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

INTERNAL AND EQUIVALENT RESISTANCE IN A CIRCUIT

The term ‘lost volts’ refers to the difference between the emf and the terminal voltage. The
voltage is not ‘lost’. It refers to the voltage across the internal resistance of the battery that
is ‘lost’ for use in the external circuit.

The internal resistance of the battery can be treated just like another resistor in series in the
circuit. The sum of the voltages across the external circuit plus the voltage across the
internal resistance is equal to the emf:

Do the experiments (section A and B). Write a scientific report in section A and
answer the questions in section B and C.

• Your experiments should be written in scientific format as on the attached answer

sheet.
• You need to do the practical to write complete reports of the experiments.
• Submit your scientific reports with photos.
• Your report must be hand-written or typed and in the present tense.
• Refer to the law that is used to explain the results and why they were obtained.
• Make sure it is your own work.

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

SECTION A: EXPERIMENT AND REPORT

Aim

Set up a circuit with the apparatus on the list below and determine the internal resistance of
your commercial cell/battery.

Apparatus

• Any commercial cell/battery

• Cell holder (if cells are used)
• Connecting wires or copper wires
• Voltmeter/multimeter
• Ammeter/multimeter
• Switch
• 10 Ω changeable resistor OR at least three resistors OR three bulbs

INSTRUCTIONS

Design your own circuit using the above apparatus. Use your circuit to determine the internal
resistance of your commercial cell/battery. Set the rheostat at 10 Ω or place all the
bulbs/resistors in series when starting with the readings. Reduce the resistance in the
rheostat or reduce the number of resistors/bulbs a few times.

SCIENTIFIC REPORT

Write a formal report on how you determined the internal resistance for the cell on the
attached answer sheet.

TOTAL SECTION A: 25

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

RUBRIC FOR SECTION A (25 MARKS)

0 1 2 3 4
Aim (2) No attempt made, Aim given and has Aim given clearly.
or attempt has no relevance to All three variables
relevance to experiment. included.
experiment.
Variables (3) No variables or One variable Two variables All variables
wrong variables correctly identified correctly identified correctly identified
given. and correctly sorted. and correctly sorted. and correctly sorted.
Apparatus (2) No apparatus Apparatus is listed Apparatus is listed
mentioned. and needed for the and used I the
experiment. Not all experiment. All
materials are materials needed
mentioned. are listed.
Circuit diagram (2) No sketch Incomplete sketch Complete sketch
Method (4) No method of wrong Method meets at Method meets some Method meets most Method meets all requirements.
steps for method. least one requirements. requirements. Requirements for method:
requirement. 1. Clear and easy to understand.
2. Each step and procedure are explained.
3. Explain how the results are obtained and
recorded.
4. Give reasons for specific procedures
used.
Results (4) No observation of Meets one Meets two Meets three Results meet all requirements.
wrong observation. requirement. requirements. requirements. Requirements for results:
1. Results is in table.
2. Columns are named with units.
3. Realistic experimental values.
4. At least four readings are taken.

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

RUBRIC FOR SECTION A (25 MARKS)

0 1 2 3 4
Interpretation (4) No interpretation. Meets one Meets two Meets three Meets all the requirements.
requirement. requirements. requirements. Requirements for interpretation:
1. Suitable heading.
2. Axes labelled with units included.
3. Shape of graph – best fit line.
4. Gradient calculated.
Conclusion (3) No calculations or Meets only one of Meets two of the Conclusion meets
wrong calculations. the requirements. requirements. all the
requirements.
Requirements for
the conclusion:
1. Clear and easily
understandable.
2. Gives clear
comments on
factors that
affect the
observations.
3. Suggestions for
more accurate
results.
Evaluation (1) No evaluation or the Meaningful
evaluation are not complete
relevant to the evaluation.
experiment.

TOTAL SECTION A: 25

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

SECTION B: SIMULATION AND QUESTIONS

Visit the following simulation link online to complete section B on the answer sheet
and submit it with the report on Section A.

https://bit.ly/3DyeYVn

Note:
To open the link from an electronic document:

• Click on Ctrl on the keyboard and then click on the link to open it in your browser OR
copy and paste it to your browser to use it.
• The values of the circuit components will change each time you open the link;
therefore, make sure to get all the values for the questions below once you have
started.
• The answers given in the following questions, therefore, depend on the values
that each learner has read. The following are therefore only possible answers.

1. Redraw the circuit diagram from the webpage while the switch is open and indicate
the values on your diagram. (3)

2. Calculate the total external resistance for this circuit. (4)

3. Without closing the switch, calculate the theoretical value for the current if the switch
is closed. (3)

4. Now close the switch in the simulation and compare the theoretical current and the
actual current when the circuit is closed. Draw a suitable conclusion. (2)

5. Determine the internal resistance for this simulation. (4)

TOTAL SECTION B: 16

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

SECTION C: APPLICATION QUESTIONS

Answer the questions on the answer sheet and submit it with the report and questions
of sections A and B.

1. The two graphs below show the relationship between current and potential difference
for two different conductors, X and Y.

Which ONE of the two conductors, X or Y, is ohmic? Refer to the graphs and give a
reason for your answer. (2)

2. In the diagram below there are three resistors, P, Q and R connected to a battery
that has an emf of 6V and an internal resistance of 2Ω. A voltmeter is connected
over the battery. The ammeter A has a negligible resistance.

2.1 Calculate the Ammeter reading when the switch S is closed. (1)

The switch S is now opened.

2.2 Will the ammeter reading in QUESTION 2.1, INCREASE, DECREASE OR

STAY THE SAME? Give a reason for your answer. (2)

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

2.3 How will the voltmeter reading now compare with the voltmeter reading when
the switch S was closed? Choose from voltmeter reading INCREASES,
DECREASES OR STAYS THE SAME. (1)

2.4 Explain your answer in QUESTION 2.3. (3)

[9]

TOTAL SECTION C: 9

GRAND TOTAL: 50

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

TASK 4: Experiment 3 – Answer sheet

PHYSICAL SCIENCES
GRADE 12
TASK 5: EXPERIMENT 3
INTERNAL AND EQUIVALENT RESISTANCE IN A CIRCUIT
ANSWER SHEET

TOTAL: 50

SECTION A: REPORT OF EXPERIMENT

AIM

Set up a circuit with the apparatus on the list below and determine the internal resistance of
your commercial cell/battery

INVESTIGATIVE QUESTION

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
(2)

VARIABLES

Independant Dependent Control

(3)

APPARATUS

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

Photo of circuit set-up Diagram of circuit set-up

(4)

METHOD

Give a step-by-step method for the experiment you did.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(4)

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

RESULTS

Current Voltmeter
(A) (V)

(2)

INTERPRETATION

Graph

(4)

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

Calculate the gradient:

Photo of ammeter reading Photo of voltmeter reading

(2)

CONCLUSION

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
(3)

EVALUATION

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
(1)

TOTAL SECTION A: 25

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

SECTION B: SIMULATION AND QUESTIONS

Visit the following simulation link online to complete section B on the answer sheet
and submit with the report on Section A.

https://bit.ly/3DyeYVn

Note:

To open the link from an electronic document:

• Click on Ctrl on the keyboard and then click on the link to open it in your browser OR
copy and paste it to your browser to use it.
• The values of the circuit components will change each time you open the link;
therefore, make sure to get all the values for the questions below once you have
started.
• The answers given in the following questions therefore depend on the values
that each learner has read. The following are therefore only possible answers.

1. Redraw the circuit diagram from the webpage while the switch is open and indicate
the values on your diagram.

(3)

2. Calculate the total external resistance for this circuit.

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
(4)

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

3. Without closing the switch, calculate the theoretical value for the current if the switch
is closed.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
(3)

4. Now close the switch in the simulation and compare the theoretical current and the
actual current when the circuit is closed. Draw a suitable conclusion.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
(2)

5. Determine the internal resistance for this simulation.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
(4)

TOTAL SECTION B: 16

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

SECTION C: APPLICATION QUESTIONS

Answer the questions on the answer sheet and submit it with the report and questions
of Sections A and B.

1. The two graphs below show the relationship between current and potential difference
for two different conductors, X and Y.

Which ONE of the two conductors, X or Y, is ohmic? Refer to the graphs and give a
reason for your answer.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
(2)

2. In the diagram below there are three resistors, P, Q and R connected to a battery
that has an emf of 6V and an internal resistance of 2Ω. A voltmeter is connected
over the battery. The ammeter A has a negligible resistance.

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 Task 2024
G12 ~ Physical Sciences

2.1 Calculate the ammeter reading when the switch S is closed.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

The switch S is now opened.

2.2 Will the ammeter reading in QUESTION 2.1, INCREASE, DECREASE OR

STAY THE SAME? Give a reason for your answer.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(2)

2.3 How will the voltmeter reading now compare with the voltmeter reading when
the switch S was closed? Choose from voltmeter reading INCREASES,
DECREASES OR STAYS THE SAME?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(1)

2.4 Explain your answer in QUESTION 2.3.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
(3)
[9]

TOTAL SECTION C: 9

GRAND TOTAL: 50
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