Mechanics

 2  
TOP LECTURE NOTES 1

MECHANICS 2 REVIEW QUESTIONS

UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION 1. A flywheel is rotating at a constant rate

of 2400 rpm. At what constant rate in
Properties of Uniform Circular Motion rad/s² must its motion be retarded to
bring it to rest in 300 revolutions?
1. The speed (v) is constant
2. The direction of the motions is continually A. 16.86 C. 16.76
and uniformly changing B. 17.86 D. 18.67
3. The acceleration ac is constant in
magnitude and is directed toward the 2. A car has wheels of radius 30cm. It
center of the circular path. starts from rest and accelerates
uniformly to a speed of 15m/s in a time
Uniform Angular Motion of 8s. Find the number of rotations one
θ = ωt wheel makes in this time.

Uniformly Accelerated Angular Motion A. 25 rev C. 45 rev

ω f − ω 0 = ±αt B. 32 rev D. 23 rev

ω 2f − ω 02 = ±2αθ 3. An electric fan revolving at 900 rpm

1 slows down to 300 rpm while making 50
θ = ω 0 t ± αt 2 revolutions. Find the time required to
2 turn this 50 revolution?
where: ω f = final angular velocity (rad / s) A. 3 s C. 5 s
ω 0 = original angular velocity (rad / s) B. 4 s D. 6 s

θ = displacement (rad) 4. At what rpm is the Ferris wheel turning

t = time (s) when the riders felt weightlessness or
zero gravity every time each rider is at
Relations Between the topmost part of the wheel 9 m in
Angular and Linear Quantities: radius?

s = rθ a = rα v = rω A. 9.79 rpm C. 8.97 rpm

B. 9.97 rpm D. 9.57 rpm
Where: s = linear distance
5. The normal acceleration of a particle on
θ = angular distance
the rim of a pulley 10 ft in diameter is
v = tangential velocity 2
constant at 1200 fps . Which of the
ω = angular velocity
following gives the speed of the pulley in
a = linear acceleration
rpm?
α = angular acceleration
A. 77.45 C. 147.94
B. 15.49 D. 73.96
 Mechanics  2
2 TOP LECTURE NOTES

Central Acceleration Centrifugal force

• The outward force exerted by the moving
v2 object on the agent of its centripetal force.
ac = = ω2r • The magnitude of the centrifugal reaction
r
is equal to that of the centripetal force.
where: ac = central acceleration
v = linear speed Banking of Curves
r = radius The proper banking of a curve to
eliminate the necessity for a sidewise
ω = angular speed frictional force is given by the relation

Total Acceleration: v2
= tan θ
gr
aT = ac 2 + a 2 Where:
v = linear velocity
where: r = radius
a = linear acceleration
θ = angle of banking
ac = central acceleration
a T = total acceleration Often in curvilinear motion the
accelerating force is neither parallel nor
perpendicular to the direction of motion. The
Centripetal Force
acceleration produces change in both speed
The inward force that causes the central
and direction.
acceleration
v2 Newton’s Laws
Fc = m = mω2r
r
Where: 1. Newton’s First Law
Fc = centripetal force (Law of Inertia)
A body at rest will remain at rest
m = mass
and a body in motion will remain in motion at
v = linear speed constant speed unless acted upon by an
ω = angular speed external force.
r = radius
∑F = F NET =0
Centripetal acceleration
2. Newton’s Second Law
v2 (Law of acceleration)
ac = = ω2r A resultant force acting on a body
r
causes it to accelerate with an acceleration
where: v = linear speed
that is directly proportional to the magnitude
r = radius of the resultant force and inversely
ω = angular speed proportional to the mass of the body.
ac = centripetal acceleration
FNET = ma
 Mechanics  2  
TOP LECTURE NOTES 3

3. Newton’s Third Law 6. Determine the angle of super elevation

(Law of Action & Reaction) of hi-way curve of 183 m radius so that
If a body exerts a force on another there will no side thrust for a speed of
body, the second body reacts with a force of 72 kph.
the same magnitude that it exerts on the first
°
body. A. 12.56 C.25.36°
F1 = F2 B. 12.32° D.13.66°

WORK 7. A 12 g bullet is accelerated from rest to

a speed of 700 m/s as it travels 20 cm in
Work a gun barrel. Assuming the acceleration
is the product of force and the displacement to be constant, how large was the
in the direction of the force: accelerating force?

A. 13.9 kN C. 11.3 kN
B. 12.5 kN D. 14.7 kN

8. A 5 kg. block is supported by a cord and

W = Fs pulled upward with an acceleration of 2
Where: m/s². What is the tension in the cord in
W = Work Newtons.
F = Force
A. 79 C. 59
s = displacement B. 89 D. 99

9. A 5 kg block is placed on a smooth

horizontal surface. A horizontal cord
attached to the block passes over a light
frictionless pulley and is attached to a 4
kg body as shown below. Find the
acceleration and the tension in the cord
when the system is released.
W = Fs cos θ

Where:
θ = angle between the direction of the force
and that of the displacement

Units of Work:
• Newton-meter (N-m) = Joule (J)
• Dyne-centimeter (dyn-cm) = erg
2 2
• Foot-pound (ft-lb) A. 4.4 m/s , 22 N C. 4.4 m/s , 35 N
2 2
B. 2.1 m/s , 22 N D. 2.1 m/s , 35 N
 Mechanics  2
4 TOP LECTURE NOTES

ENERGY 10. The condition of equilibrium of a body

will remain unchanged if a force acting
Energy at a given point of the rigid body is
is the capacity for doing work. replaced by a force of the same
magnitude and same direction, but
Units of Energy acting at a different point but having the
same line of action is known as ______.
• foot-pound A. Torque
• Joule (N-m) B. Moment
• Erg C. Transmissibility
D. Moment Arm
Potential energy
energy of position or configuration. 11. This principle expresses the relation
between the external forces applied to a
PE = Wh = mgh system of particles and the effective
force of each particle of the system
where: called,
PE = Potential Energy A. Principle of Transmissibility
W = weight B. Principle of Moments
m = mass C. D’Alembert’s Principle
D. Varignon’s Theorem
h = height to which it is raised
12. An object is being pulled along the
Kinetic energy ground by a 75 N force directed 28
energy in motion degrees above the horizontal. How
much work is done in pulling the object
1 2 to a distance of 8 m?
KE = mv
2
Where: A. 420 J C. 380 J
KE = Kinetic Energy B. 530 J D. 250 J
m = mass 13. Calculate the work done against gravity
v = velocity by a pump that discharges 600 liters of
fuel oil into a tank 20 m above the
Transformations between Work and pump’s intake if the fuel oil has mass
Kinetic Energy: density of 0.82 grams/L.

1 2 A. 46.9 J C. 84.6 J
Fs = mv B. 96.5 J D. 64.7 J
2
14. A ball at the end of a 180 cm long
Principle of conservation of energy swings as a pendulum. The balls speed
is 4 m/s as it passes through its lowest
Energy can neither be created nor point. To what height above the lowest
destroyed, only transformed. point will it rise before stopping?

A. 0.618 m C. 0.518 m
B. 0.816 m D. 0.178 m
 Mechanics  2  
TOP LECTURE NOTES 5

POWER 15. A 50 kg. block of wood rest on top of the

smooth plane whose length is 3 m and
Power whose altitude is 0.8m. How long in sec
the time rate of doing work. will it take for the block to slide to the
bottom of the plane when released?
W
P= = Fv cos θ A. 1.5 C. 2
t
B. 2.5 D. 3
Where:
P = Power 16. In what distance can a 3000 lb
W = work done automobile be stopped from a speed of
F = Force applied 30 mi/h if the coefficient of friction
between the tires and roadway is 0.70?
v = velocity
θ = included angle A. 43 ft C. 23 ft
B. 33 ft D. 13 ft
Power conversions:
• Horsepower – 550 ft-lb/s 17. An advertisement claims that a certain
• Horsepower – 746 W 1200 kg car can accelerate from rest to
• Watt – 1 J/s a speed of 25 m/s in a time of 8.0 s.
What average power must the motor
MOMENTUM produce to cause this acceleration?

Momentum A. 52.3 Hp C. 62.8 Hp

• The product of the mass and velocity of B. 48.6 Hp D. 70.2 Hp
a body. It is a vector quantity.
18. A 0.25hp motor is used to lift a load at
P = mv the rate of 5.00 cm/s. How great a load
can it lift at this constant speed?
where:
p = momentum A. 381 kg C. 421 kg
B. 350 kg D. 400 kg
m = mass
v = velocity 19. A valid unit for momentum is which of
the following?
Units of momentum: 2
• Kilogram-meter per second (kg-m/s) A. kg-m/s C. kg-m/s
2
• Gram-centimeter per second (g-cm/s) B. kg/m D. N-m
• Slug-foot per second (slug-ft/s)
20. A 2kg brick is moving at a speed 6 m/s.
Impulse How large a force F is needed to stop
The product of a force and the time during the brick in a time of 0.0007 s?
which it acts. Equal to the change in
momentum A. 1.87 x 10^4 N C. 3.22 x 10^4 N
B. 1.71 x 10^4 N D. 2.11 x 10^4 N
FΔt = mv 2 − mv1
 Mechanics  2
6 TOP LECTURE NOTES

where: 21. A projectile weighing 100 lbs strikes the

F = force concrete wall of a fort with an impact
Δt = time during which it acts velocity of 1200 ft/s. The projectile
comes to rest in 0.01 second having
m = mass penetrated the 8-foot thick wall to a
v1,v 2 = velocity distance of 6 feet. What is the average
force exerted on the wall by the
Units of Impulse: projectile?
• Newton-second (N-s) 4 6
• Dyne-second (dyn-s) A. 3.73 x 10 lbs C. 3.73 x 10 lbs
5 8
• Pound-second (lb-s) B. 3.73 x 10 lbs D. 3.73 x 10 lbs

The change in the momentum of the 22. When a collision is perfectly inelastic,
body during the time interval is equal to the then:
A. All the kinetic energy is conserved
net force that acts on the body during the
time interval. B. All the kinetic energy is gone
C. The participant stick together
Law of Conservation of Momentum D. The total momentum is zero
The momentum of a body or system of
bodies does not change unless a resultant 23. An 8 g bullet is fired horizontally into a 9
external force acts upon it. kg block of wood and sticks in it. The
block which is free to move, has a
velocity of 40 cm/s after impact. Find the
velocity of the bullet.

A. 550 m/s C. 380 m/s

B. 450 m/s D. 250 m/s

P = P' 24. A 10 g blocks slides with a velocity of 20

cm/s on a smooth level surface and
m1v1 + m2v 2 = m1v1 '+ m2v 2 '
makes a head on collision with a 30
Where: gram block moving in the opposite
m1,m2 = masses of two bodies direction with a velocity of 10 cm/s. If the
respectively collision is perfectly elastic, what is the
v1,v2 = velocities of the two bodies velocity of the 30-gram block after the
before impact respectively collision?
v1’,v2’ = velocities of the two bodies
after impact respectively A. 15cm/s C. 25cm/s
B. 5cm/s D. 10cm/s
COLLISIONS
25. A 900-kg car traveling east at 15 m/s
Types of Collision collides with a 750 kg car traveling north
• Elastic Collision at 20 m/s. The cars stick together. With
Collision which conserves momentum and what velocity does the wreckage move
Kinetic Energy. just after the collision?
Coefficient of restitution is one (e = 1)
A. 10.87 m/s C. 12.23 m/s
B. 11.54 m/s D. 13.56 m/s
 Mechanics  2  
TOP LECTURE NOTES 7

• Inelastic Collision 26. A ball is dropped onto a solid floor from

collision which conserves momentum but an initial height hO. If the coefficient of
do not conserve Kinetic Energy restitution, e is 0.90, how high will the
Coefficient of restitution is between 0 and ball rebound?
1 (0 < e < 1)
• Perfectly Inelastic Collision A. 0.81 h0 C. 0.45 h0
Collision which the object stick together B. 0.85h0 D. 0.90 h0
afterward.
Coefficient of restitution is zero ( e = 0) 27. A rubber ball of mass 0.25 kg is dropped
from a height of 10m. If the coefficient of
Coefficient of Restitution restitution is 0.56, how high is the ball’s
Negative ratio of the relative velocity after second rebound?
collision to the relative velocity before
collision A. 1.97 m C. 0.98 m
v '− v1 ' B. 3.13 m D. 5.60 m
e=− 2
v 2 − v1
HOMEWORK
where:
e = coefficient of restitution 1. A train changes its speed uniformly from
v1,v 2 = velocities of the two 60 mi/hr to 30 mi/hr in a distance of
2?
bodies before impact respectively 1500 ft. What is its acceleration in ft/s
A. 2.58 C. 1.25
v1 ',v 2 ' = velocities of the two B. 1.94 D. 3.66
bodies after impact respectively 2. A baseball is thrown from a horizontal
plane with an initial velocity of 100m/s at
If a ball is dropped from a height an angle of 30° above the horizontal.
“h0” upon a pavement and rebounds to a How long after will the ball attains its
height of “hr”, the coefficient of restitution original vertical level?
between the ball and the pavement is A. 12.2 s C. 11.2 s
B. 10.2 s D. 13.2 s
3. A projectile is thrown with a speed of
100 ft/sec in a direction 30° above the
horizontal. Determine the highest point
to which it rises.
A. 39 ft C. 38 ft
B. 40 ft D. 41 ft
4. A projectile with a muzzle velocity of 550
hr m/s is fired from a gun on top of a cliff
e= 460 m above sea level at a certain angle
h0 with respect to the horizontal. If the
where: projectile hits the ocean surface 49.2
e = coefficient of restitution seconds after being fired, determine the
h0 = initial height horizontal range of the projectile.
A. 25334 C. 24340
hr = rebound height B. 24535 D. 25453
5. A projectile with an initial velocity of 300
m/sec is fired down a hill sloping at an
angle of 30°. Assuming the firing angle
is 20° from the horizontal reference;
 Mechanics  2
8 TOP LECTURE NOTES

determine the range of the projectile A. 281 m/s C. 331 m/s

down the hill. B. 381 m/s D. 140 m/s
A. 17619 C. 17611 12. Two masses collide on a frictionless
B. 1745 D. 16543 horizontal floor and in perfectly inelastic
6. A flywheel is revolving at 200 rpm. How collision. Mass 1 is 4 times that of mass
long will it take to stop the flywheel if it is 2. Velocity of mass 1 = 10 m/s to the
decelerated at a constant rate of 2 right while the velocity of mass 2 = 20
rad/s²? m/s to the left. What is the velocity and
A. 10.74 s C. 10.27 s direction of the resulting combined
B. 10.47 s D. 10.57 s mass?
7. A 1200 kg car is coasting down a 30 A. 10 m/s to the right
degrees hill. At a time when the cars B. 4 m/s to the right
speed is 12 m/s, the driver applies the C. 10 m/s to the right
brakes. What constant force parallel to D. 15 m/s to the right
the road must result if the car is to stop 13. A ball is dropped from a height h above
after traveling 100 m? a tile floor and rebounds to a height of
A. 6.7 kN C. 4.5 kN 0.65h. Find the coefficient of restitution
B. 5.2 kN D. 7.67 kN between the ball and the floor.
8. An electric motor driven conveyor belt is A. 0.91 C. 0.53
required to take 2,200 pounds of dirt; B. 0.81 D. 0.75
rocks etc per minute from an excavation 14. A wheel of mass 6 kg and radius of
site and raise it 15 ft vertically. If all gyration 40 cm is rotating at 300 rpm.
friction in the machinery neglected, what What is the rotational kinetic energy of
HP of motor is required? the wheel?
A. 2 HP C. 3 HP A. 473 J C. 367 J
B. 1 HP D. 4 HP B. 426 J D. 280 J
9. A conveyor belt of length 15 m is at 15º 15. Starting from rest, a hoop of 20 cm
with respect to the ground or horizontal. radius rolls down a hill to a point 5.0 m
It can hold 4000 kg of ore over the total below its starting point. How fast is it
length and it travels the distance of its rotating at that point?
length in 10 seconds. Calculate the A. 15 rad/s C. 35 rad/s
power rating of the motor in kW that B. 25 rad/s D. 40 rad/s
drives the conveyor. 16. A spaceship orbits the moon at the
A. 152.25 kW C. 200.65 kW height of 20 km. Assuming it to be
B. 147.75 kW D. 128.55 kW subject to only gravitational pull of the
10. A 200 N force is applied to an object moon, find the time it takes for one
that moves in the direction of the force. orbit?
If the object travels with a constant A. 110 min C. 90 min
velocity of 10 m/s, calculate the power B. 120 min D. 100 min
expended on the object. 17. Two children whose masses are 22 kg
A. 20 W C. 200 W and 34 kg are playing in a seesaw which
B. 2000 W D. 2,200 W is 4 m long. If they are balanced, at what
11. A 15 g bullet is fired horizontally into a 3 distance from the heavier child is the
kg block of wood suspended by a long fulcrum located?
cord. The bullet sticks in the block. A. 2.43 m C. 1.92 m
Compute the velocity of the bullet if the B. 1.57 m D. 2.08 m
impact causes the block to swing 10 cm 18. A spherical ball rolls without slipping.
above its initial level. What is the ratio of its translational
 Mechanics  2  
TOP LECTURE NOTES 9

kinetic energy to its rotational kinetic B. 0.48 D. 0.87

energy?
A. 5/2 C. 5/3 24. A 50 kg block is resting on an inclined
o
B. 2/5 D. 3/5 plane making an angle of 20 from the
19. A simple beam having a span of 6 m horizontal. The block is subjected to a
has a weight of 20 kN/m. It carries a force of 80 N parallel to the inclined
concentrated load of 20 kN at the left plane which causes an impending
end and 40 kN at 2 m from the right end motion down the plane. Compute the
of the beam. If it is supported at 2 m coefficient of friction between the block
from the left end and at the right end, and the inclined plane.
compute the reaction at the right end of A. 0.24 C. 0.44
the beam. B. 0.34 D. 0.54
A. 30 kN C. 50 kN 25. Determine the distance “z” to which a 90
B. 40 kN D. 60 kN kg painter can climb without causing the
20. The ends of a 6 m beam are named A 4m ladder to slip at its lower end. The
and C. It has two supports, one at C and top of the 15 kg ladder has a small
the other at B which is 1 m from A. The roller, and the ground coefficient of
loads are 40 kN at A and 90 kN at a static friction is 0.25. The lower end of
point 2 m from C. Determine the the ladder is 1.5 m away from the wall.
reaction at C. A. 2.55 m C. 1.78 m
A. 84 kN C. 72 kN B. 3.12 m D. 0.68 m
B. 46 kN D. 58 kN 26. A balloon weighing 80 kg has a capacity
3
21. A 10 m beam supported at the ends of 1200 m . If it is filled with helium, how
carries a uniformly distributed load of 8 great a payload can it support? The
3
kN/m and a concentrated load of 50kN density of helium is 0.18 kg/m and the
3
which is 3 m from the center. Find the density of air is 1.30 kg/ m .
reaction at both ends. A. 15.3 kN C. 14.5 kN
A. 440 kN, 410 kN B. 12.4 kN D. 13.9 kN
B. 500 kN, 350 kN 27. An object has a weight of 4 N in air, 3 N
C. 610 kN, 240 kN in water and 2.8 N in a salt solution. If
3
D. 690 kN, 160 kN the density of water is 1000 kg/m , the
22. A suspension bridge is built with its density of the salt solution is
3 3
cable hanging between two vertical A. 1200 kg/m C. 800 kg/m
3 3
towers in the form of a parabola. The B. 1000 kg/m D. 600 kg/m
towers are 400 feet apart and rise 100 28. Ice in an iceberg has a sp. gr. of 0.922.
feet above the horizontal roadway, while When floating in seawater (sp. gr. 1.03),
the center point of the cable is 10 feet its exposed volume % is nearest to:
above the roadway. Find the length of A. 11% C. 95%
the cable. B. 89% D. 92%
A. 744.44 ft C. 444.74 ft 29. A 1000 kg car travelling west with a
B. 474.44 ft D. 447.44 ft speed of 100 kph collides with a 1600
23. A block rests on a plane. One end of the kg van travelling south with a speed of
plane is lifted until the object begins to 140kph. The cars remain tangled
slide. If the angle at which the block together. What is the velocity after
begins to slide is 41° with respect to the impact?
ground, determine the coefficient of A. 16.22 m/s C. 21.26 m/s
static friction between the block and the B. 12.62 m/s D. 26.21 m/s
plane. 30. It is defined as the integral of force with
A. 0.25 C. 0.71 respect to time.
 Mechanics  2
10 TOP LECTURE NOTES

A. momentum C. velocity 37. A karate master strikes a board with an

B. impulse D. acceleration initial velocity of 10 m/s, decreasing to 1
m/s as his hand passes through the
31. A balloon rising vertically with a speed board. If the time of contact with the
of 16 ft/s, and a sandbag is thrown board is 0.002 s, and the mass of the
upward at an initial velocity of 16 ft/s. coordinated hand and arm is 1 kg, what
What is the position of the sandbag in is the force exerted on the board?
feet relative to the balloon after ¼ s? A. 1000 N C. 2700 N
A. 1 C. 2 B. 1800 N D. 4500 N
B. 3 D. 4 38. A girl is using a rope to pull a box that
32. A baseball infielder, mass 75 kg, jumps weights 300 N across a level surface
up with velocity 3 m/s and catches a with constant velocity. The rope makes
0.151 kg baseball moving horizontally at an angle of 30º above the horizontal,
50 m/s. Of the following, which is closest and the tension in the rope is 100 N.
to the final momentum of the system, What is the normal force of the floor on
infielder and baseball? the box?
A. 225.85 kg-m/s C. 225.32 kg-m/s A. 300 N C. 50 N
B. 225.13 kg-m/s D. 225.01 kg-m/s B. 86 N D. 250 N
33. The maximum possible value for the 39. A 20 kg traffic light hangs midway on a
coefficient of static friction is: cable between two poles 40 meters
A. 0.50 apart. If the sag in the cable is 0.40
B. 1 meters, what is the tension in each side
C. a value up to but not quite 1 of the cable?
D. greater than 1 A. 12000 N C. 4900 N
34. A 100-N block, on a 30º incline, is being B. 9800 N D. 980 N
held motionless by friction. The 40. As a 3 kg bucket is being lowered into a
coefficient of static friction between the 10m deep well, starting from the top, the
block and the plane is 0.60. The force tension in the rope is 9.8 N. The
due to friction is: acceleration of the bucket will be:
2
A. 0 N C. 50 N A. 6.5 m/s downward
2
B. 30 N D. 52 N B. 9.8 m/s downward
35. A 9 kg hanging weight is connected by a C. zero
2
string over a pulley to a 5 kg block D. 3.3 m/s upward
sliding on a flat table. If the coefficient of 41. A boxcar of mass 200 tons at rest
sliding friction is 0.20, find the tension in becomes uncoupled on a 2.5º grade. If
the string. the track is considered to be frictionless,
what speed does the boxcar have after
10 seconds?
A. 0.37 m/s C. 1.3 m/s
B. 0.59 m/s D. 4.3 m/s
42. The unit of work, joule, is dimensionally
A. 19 N C. 32 N the same as:
B. 24 N D. 38 N A. Newton/second
36. Find the tension in an elevator cable if B. Newton/kilogram
the 1000 kg elevator is descending with C. Newtwon-second
2
an acceleration of 1.8 m/s , downward. D. Newton-meter
A. 5700 N C. 9800 N 43. A worker pushes a sled with a force of
B. 8000 N D. 11600 N 40 N over a level distance of 6 m. If a
 Mechanics  2  
TOP LECTURE NOTES 11

frictional force of 24 N acts on the B. 47 m D. 63 m

wheelbarrow in a direction opposite tot 51. If during a given physical process the
hat of the worker, what net work is done only force acting on an object is friction,
on the wheelbarrow? which of the following must be assumed
A. 240 J C. 144 J in regard to the object’s kinetic energy?
B. 216 J D. 96 J A. Decreases
C. 144 J B. Increases
D. 96 J C. Remains constant
44. A horizontal force of 100 N is applied to D. Cannot tell from the information
move a 45 kg cart across a 9 m level given
surface. What work is done by the 100 52. A very light cart holding a 300 N box is
N force? moved at a constant velocity across a
A. 405 J C. 900 J 15 m level surface. What is the net work
B. 500 J D. 4500 J done in the process?
45. The work done by static friction can be: A. Zero C. 20 J
A. Positive B. 1/20 J D. 2000 J
B. Negative 53. What is the minimum amount of energy
C. Zero required for an 80 kg climber carrying a
D. Any of the above 20 kg pack to climb Mt Everest 8850 m
46. A satellite is held in orbit by a 2000 N high?
gravitational force. Each time the A. 8.67 MJ C. 2.47 MJ
satellite completes an orbit of B. 4.16 MJ D. 1.00 MJ
circumference 80000 km, the work done 54. A simple pendulum 2 m in length is
on it by gravity is: released with a push when the support
8 11
A. 1.6 x 10 J C. 6.4 x 10 J string is at an angle of 25º from the
11
B. 1.6 x 10 J D. 0 vertical. If the initial speed of the
47. What is the kinetic energy of a 0.135 kg suspended mass is 1.2 m/s when at the
baseball thrown at 90 mph? release point, what is its speed at the
A. 54 J C. 108 J bottom of the swing?
B. 87 J D. 216 J A. 2.3 m/s C. 2.0 m/s
48. A golf ball hits a wall and bounces back B. 2.6 m/s D. 0.5 m/s
at ¾ the original speed. What part of the 55. A baseball outfielder throws a baseball
original kinetic energy of the ball did it of mass 0.15 kg at a speed of 40 m/s
lose in the collision? and initial angle of 30º. What is the
A. ¼ C. 7/16 kinetic energy of the baseball at the
B. 3/8 D. 9/16 highest point of the trajectory? Ignore air
49. A horizontal force fo 200 N is applied to friction.
a 55 kg cart across a 10 m level surface. A. Zero C. 90 J
2
If the cart accelerates at 2 m/s , then B. 30 J D. 120 J
what is the work done by the force of 56. A 2000 kg ore car rolls 50 m down a
friction as it acts to retard the motion of frictionless 10º incline. If there is a
the cart? horizontal spring at the end of the
A. -1100 J C. -800 J incline, what spring constant is required
B. -900 J D. -700 J to stop the ore car in a distance of 1 m?
50. A 1200 kg automobile moving at 25 m/s A. 340 kN/m C. 980 kN/m
has the brakes applied with a B. 681 kN/m D. 1960 kN/m
2
deceleration of 8 m/s . How far does the 57. A 20 N crate starting at rest slides down
car travel before it stops? a rough 5 m long ramp, inclined at 25º
A. 39 m C. 55 m with the horizontal. 20 J of energy is lost
 Mechanics  2
12 TOP LECTURE NOTES

to friction. What will be the speed of the B. 525 N D. 1500 N

crate at the bottom of the incline? 64. A ball with original momentum +4 kg-
A. 0.98 m/s C. 1.9 m/s m/s hits a wall and bounces straight
B. 3.2 m/s D. 4.7 m/s back without losing any kinetic energy.
58. You drop a 60 g golf ball from 2 m high. The change in momentum of the ball is:
It rebounds to 1.5 m. How much energy A. 0 C. -4 kg-m/s
is lost? B. 8 kg-m/s D. -8 kg-m/s
A. 0.29 J C. 0.50 J 65. A cannon of mas 1500 kg fires a 10 kg
B. 0.88 J D. 1 J shell with a velocity of 200 m/s at an
59. A 60 kg woman runs up a flight of stairs angle of 45º above the horizontal. Find
having a rise of 4 m in a time of 4.2 s. the recoil velocity of the cannon across
What is the average power did she the level ground.
supply? A. 1.33 m/s C. 0.94 m/s
A. 380 W C. 560 W B. 2.41 m/s D. 1.94 m/s
B. 620 W D. 670 W 66. A 20 g bullet moving at 1000 m/s is fired
60. Water flows over a section of Pagsanjan through a one-kg block of wood
6
at a rate of 1.20 x 10 kg/s and falls 50 emerging at a speed of 100 m/s. IF the
m. What is the power dissipated by the block had been originally at rest and is
waterfall? free to move, what is its resulting
A. 588 MW C. 294 MW speed?
B. 147 MW D. 60.0 MW A. 9 m/s C. 18 m/s
61. A force of 100 N is applied to a 50 kg B. 90 m/s D. 900 m/s
mass in the direction of motion for a 67. 90 kg halfback running north with a
distance of 6 m and then the force is speed of 10 m/s is tackled by a 120 kg
increased to 150 N for the next 4 m. For opponent running south at 4 m/s. The
the 10 m of travel, how much work is collision is perfectly inelastic. Compute
done by the varying force? the velocity of the two players just after
A. 1200 J C. 1500 J the tackle.
B. 2400 J D. -1500 J A. 3 m/s south C. 2 m/s south
62. The net force acting on a 6 kg object is B. 2 m/s north D. 3 m/s north
given by Fx = (10 – x)N, where Fx is in 68. A ceiling fan is turned on and reaches
newtons and x is in meters. How much an angular speed of 120 rev/min in 20 s.
work is done on the object as it moves It is then turned off and coasts to a stop
from x = 0 to x = 10 m? in an additional 40 s. The ratio of the
A. 100 J C. 50 J average angular acceleration for the first
B. 75 J D. 25 J 20 s to that for the last 40 s is which of
63. A 76 kg swimmer dives horizontally off a the following?
500 kg raft. The diver’s speed A. 2 B. -0.5 C. 0.5 D. -2
immediately after leaving the raft is 4 69. A Ferris wheel starts at rest and builds
m/s. A micro-sensor system attached to up to a final angular speed of 0.70 rad/s
the edge of the raft measures the time while rotating through an angular
interval during which the diver applies displacement of 4.9 rad. What is its
an impulse to the raft just prior to average angular acceleration?
2 2
leaving the raft surface. If the time A. 0.10 rad/s C. 1.8 rad/s
2 2
interval is read as 0.20 s, what is the B. 0.05 rad/s D. 0.6 rad/s
magnitude of the average horizontal
force by the diver on the raft? very easy.. J
A. 900 N C. 450 N