International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 08, Special Issue | Oct 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

International Conference on Recent Trends in Science & Technology-2021 (ICRTST - 2021)

Organised by: ATME College of Engineering, Mysuru, INDIA

Fingerprint Authorization based Driving License Checking System

Guruprasad K N1, Keerthi A Kumbar2
1Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, ATME College of Engineering, , Mysuru, India
2Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, ATME College of Engineering, , Mysuru, India
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Abstract: Driving license checking framework is a significant issue in numerous nations. Consequently the biometric
based driving permit checking framework is utilized since it is extremely simple and helpful to screen. Biometrics suggests
estimations related to human characteristics. Biometrics affirmation (or reasonable approval) is used in computer
programming as a kind of ID and access control. It is in like manner used to perceive individuals in bundles that are under
perception. Biometric identifiers are then obvious, quantifiable characteristics used to name and depict individuals.
Biometric identifiers are consistently requested as physiological versus social ascribes. Physiological ascribes are related
to the condition of the body. Biometrics studies commonly include unique finger impression, face, iris, voice, mark, and
hand calculation acknowledgment and check. Among these open biometric characteristics special finger impression ends
up being perhaps the best characteristic giving great mismatch proportion and furthermore solid. Other characters such as
face, iris, voice, signature, and hand geometry recognition varies according to ages but fingerprint remains the same as age
goes on. Hence fingerprint proves to be reliable. By using this biometric based system i.e. fingerprint technology to find
driving license one can eradicate more time utilization to check all vehicles.

Keywords- Fingerprint, Biometrics, Driving license etc

I. INTRODUCTION

A driving license is an authority record allowing a particular individual to work at least one sorts of mechanized vehicles,
like a cruiser, vehicle, truck, or transport on a public street. The laws identifying with the authorizing of drivers change
between locales. In certain wards, a license is given after the beneficiary has breezed through a driving assessment, while in
others, an individual gets a license prior to starting to drive. Various classes of license regularly exist for various kinds of
engine vehicles, especially huge trucks and traveler vehicles. The trouble of the driving test fluctuates extensively between
wards, as do factors like age and the necessary degree of training.

In India, the driving license is the authority report which approves its holder to work different kinds of engine vehicle on
parkways and some different streets to which general society approach. In different Indian states, they are directed by the
Regional Transport Authorities/Offices (RTA/RTO). Earlier license were issued by booklet which was very difficult to
monitor. Next an advanced photograph driving license can likewise fill a significant number of the needs of a character card
in non-driving settings (verification of personality (for example when opening a financial balance) or age (for example while
applying for a portable association)).

Now with the assistance of biometrics identity card is replaced and new system introduced i.e., fingerprint based license
checking for automobiles. In this system, Fingerprints are taken while distributing driving license to the eligible drivers and
save in database and this information is used to identify whether the user is having license or not. Hence by using Biometric
based system to find authenticated driving license one can eradicate more time utilization to check all vehicles.

Sensor (R305) is used to scan fingerprint and finger print pictures of the residents will be put away in the module with an
exceptional id. Residents need to examine their picture on request by police, which is then confirmed with the picture
present in unique finger impression module and their record will be refreshed.

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

A.K. Jain[2], P. Flynn, and A.A.Ross, Handbook of Biometrics, Springer, 2007: Fingerprint matching has been successfully
used by law enforcement for more than a century. The technology is now finding many other applications such as identity
management and access control. The authors describe an automated fingerprint recognition system and identify key
challenges and research opportunities in the field. The skin on our palms and soles exhibits a flow-like pattern of ridges and
valleys. These papillary ridges on the finger called friction ridges help the hand to grasp objects by increasing friction and

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 08, Special Issue | Oct 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

International Conference on Recent Trends in Science & Technology-2021 (ICRTST - 2021)

Organised by: ATME College of Engineering, Mysuru, INDIA

improving the tactile sensing of surface textures. The “Friction Ridge Patterns” sidebar describes the nature and origin of
these characteristics

C.Lee and R.E.Gaensslen eds[3], Advances in Fingerprinting Technology : Gingy is a professional company with the unique
technology of ‘3D fingerprint identification’. Since its inception in2008, is committed to research and development of key
technologies to complete 3D touch print, with different software algorithms combined with high performance. USB
controller chip that allows Gingy fingerprint sensor can be widely used in laptops, industrial host, POS terminal, mouse,
keyboard, external drives and so on. Login or internal computer system for sensitive information, those who want to
prevent intrusion or theft allowed internal data, can be used. Gingy fingerprint identification products meet protection.
Meanwhile, Gingy fingerprint sensor also integrates high-performance 32bit MCU controller chip.

J. Feng, [4] “Combining Minutiae Descriptors for Fingerprint Matching”: Pattern Recognition A novel minutiae-based
fingerprint matching algorithm is proposed. Minutiae matching algorithm has to solve two problems: correspondence and
similarity computation. For the correspondence problem, we assign each minutia two descriptors: texture-based and
minutiae-based descriptors, and use an alignment-based greedy matching algorithm to establish the correspondences
between minutiae. For the similarity computation, we extract a 17-D feature vector from the matching result, and convert
the feature vector into a matching score using support vector classifier. The proposed algorithm is tested on FVC2002
databases and compared to all participators in FVC2002. According to equal error rate, the proposed algorithm ranks 1st on
DB3, the most difficult database in FVC2002, and on the average ranks 2nd on all 4 databases.

III. HARDWARE REQUIREMENT

A. Piezoelectric buzzer

A bell or beeper is a sound hailing device, which may be mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric. Customary
livelihoods of signs and beepers consolidate ready devices, tickers, and assertion of customer data, for instance, a mouse
snap or keystroke.

Piezoelectricity (moreover called the piezoelectric effect) is the presence of an electrical potential (a voltage, all things
considered) across the sides of a valuable stone when you subject it to mechanical pressing factor. As shown by British
Telephones, an alluring effect is conveyed when a battery is related with a sign's equipment and the catch is pressed. This
makes power course through the twists, which pulls in the armature and produces a sound.

In this technique, a piezoelectric buzzer is used indicate whether the fingerprint of an individual is placed on the fingerprint
scanner. If the fingerprint is placed on scanner then the piezoelectric buzzer gives the buzzer sound, otherwise buzzer
generates no sound.

Figure 1: Piezoelectric buzzer

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Volume: 08, Special Issue | Oct 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

International Conference on Recent Trends in Science & Technology-2021 (ICRTST - 2021)

Organised by: ATME College of Engineering, Mysuru, INDIA

B. ARDUINO UNO Board

Arduino Uno is quite possibly the most well-known and generally utilized Arduino processor board. It is an open source, PC
equipment and programming organization. The Arduino board makes it extremely simple to utilize the ATMEGA328
processor by giving simple admittance to a large portion of the pins by means of the header.

Arduino Uno designed to utilize an assortment of microchip and regulators. The sheets are outfitted with sets and
computerized and simple information yield sticks that might be interfaced to different development sheets and different
circuits. The board highlights sequential interchanges interfaces remembering USB for certain modems which are likewise
utilized for stacking programs from PCs. The miniature regulators are normally customized utilizing vernacular highlights
from the programming dialects C and C++.

Figure 2: Arduino UNO Board

C. LCD

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic grandstand module and tracks down a wide extent of employments. A
16x2 LCD show is fundamental module and is by and large used in various contraptions and circuits. In this endeavor LCD is
used to show endorsed and unapproved driver.

These modules are loved in excess of seven sections and other multi partition LEDs. The reasons being: LCDs are judicious;
successfully programmable; have no hindrance of showing excellent and surprisingly custom character sun like in seven
bits.

A 16x2 LCD infers it can show 16 characters for each line and there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is appeared
in 5x7 pixel organization. This LCD has two registers, explicitly, Command and Data. The data is the ASCII worth of the
character to be appeared on the LCD.

Figure 3: Liquid Crystal Display

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 08, Special Issue | Oct 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

International Conference on Recent Trends in Science & Technology-2021 (ICRTST - 2021)

Organised by: ATME College of Engineering, Mysuru, INDIA

D. R305 Fingerprint Sensor

In the present secure world biometric wellbeing is on the top. Not in any manner like various strategies which use
passwords and numbers, that are ought to have been reviewed, biometric systems use human body parts like fingerprints
or even iris of our eyes and these things are novel to all. Hence it makes biometric systems the best over others. In this
endeavor, an amazingly renowned remarkable finger impression scanner R305 is interfaced with ATMEGA 16
microcontroller. This module bestows over UART show with microcontroller, and it uses Rx and Tx pin of microcontroller
to interface with it..

This module is preloaded with scanner similarly as area section and has 4 pins: VCC, GND, Rx and Tx. It works over 3.3 to
5V stock and its Rx and Tx pin is related with Tx and Rx pin of the microcontroller separately.

The mode is semi duplex nonconcurrence sequential correspondence and the default baud rate is 57600bps however it
tends to be changed between 9600~115200bps.

R305 module imparts over UART convention with microcontroller for example it utilizes collector and transmitter pin of
microcontroller to connect with it. The client can store the finger impression information in the module and can arrange it
in 1:1 or 1: N mode for distinguishing the individual.

In this project, R305 fingerprint sensor is used to scan the fingerprint image of an individual for two phases namely enroll
phase and access phase where the fingerprint image is scanned and captured and converted from JPEG to ASIIC.

Figure 4: R305 fingerprint module

IV. DESIGN METHODOLOGY

A. Block diagram

The block diagram of fingerprint based license checking system has ATMEGA-328P, R305 sensor and LCD and these
components connections are explained in the block diagram.

Figure 5: Block diagram of Fingerprint based driving license checking system

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Volume: 08, Special Issue | Oct 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

International Conference on Recent Trends in Science & Technology-2021 (ICRTST - 2021)

Organised by: ATME College of Engineering, Mysuru, INDIA

If the finger is placed on finger sensor, it check for authorized license by RTO with the help of server. If the license is
authorized LCD will show the fingerprint found, if not authorized LCD displays fingerprint not found.

B. Modes of biometric system

The block diagram illustrates the two basic modes of a biometric system: a) Verification Mode, and (b) Identification Mode

Stored
templates
Enrollment
Test

Feature Template
Processing Matching
extractor generator

Application
Sensor
device

Figure 6: Block diagram of a Biometric system

a) Verification Mode
First, in verification (or authentication) mode, the system performs a one-to-one comparison of a captured
biometric. Three steps are involved in the verification of a person.
1. In the first step, reference models for all the users are generated and stored in the model database.
2. In the second step, some samples are matched with reference models to generate the genuine and impostor
scores and calculate the threshold.
3. Third step is the testing step. This process may use a smart card, username or ID number (e.g. PIN) to indicate
which template should be used for comparison. 'Positive recognition' is a common use of the verification mode,
"where the aim is to prevent multiple people from using the same identity".

b) Identification Mode
In identification mode the system performs a one-to-many comparison against a biometric database in an attempt
to establish the identity of an unknown individual. The system will succeed in identifying the individual if the
comparison of the biometric sample to a template in the database falls within a previously set threshold.
Identification mode can be used either for 'positive recognition' (so that the user does not have to provide any
information about the template to be used) or for 'negative recognition' of the person "where the system
establishes whether the person is who she (implicitly or explicitly) denies to be". The latter function can only be
achieved through biometrics since other methods of personal recognition such as passwords, PINs or keys are
ineffective.
The first time an individual uses a biometric system is called enrollment. During the enrollment, biometric
information from an individual is captured and stored in the database. In subsequent uses, biometric information
is detected and compared with the information stored at the time of enrollment and checks for the matching of the
fingerprint.
In the figure 6, The first block (sensor) is the interface between the real world and the system; it has to acquire all
the necessary data. Most of the times it is an image acquisition system, but it can change according to the
characteristics desired. The second block performs all the necessary pre-processing: it has to remove artifacts
from the sensor, to enhance the input (e.g. removing background noise), to use some kind of normalization, etc. In
the third block necessary features are extracted. This step is an important step as the correct features need to be
extracted in the optimal way. A vector of numbers or an image with particular properties is used to create a
template. A template is a synthesis of the relevant characteristics extracted from the source. Elements of the
biometric measurement that are not used in the comparison algorithm are discarded in the template to reduce the
file size and to protect the identity of the enroll.

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Organised by: ATME College of Engineering, Mysuru, INDIA

C. Working Flow chart of Enroll phase

The Enrollment starts here. Image of the finger print is scanned from the finger print sensor and stored in the database.
The sensor will correctly saves the fingerprint image.

Figure 6: Flow chart of enrollment code

The above flowchart gives the details of enrolling the fingerprint using sensor. During this phase the sensor scans the
users fingerprint from the fingerprint sensor and converts it into a digital image, and it is stored in the database along with
their uniquely generated ID. Initialisation is done by randomly choosing any one of the uniquely generated ID from the
serial moniter and it should be sent. The fingerprint is saved in the database. If the fingerprint is not properly placed then
it needs to be rescanned and it is saved.

C. Working Flow chart to access code

Start the access code. Place the finger on fingerprint sensor and it captures the fingerprint image and stored as a template.
The stored fingerprint image from the database of enroll phase is accessed. If the fingerprint is matchedwith the template
the details of the individual is displayed in the serial moniter. If the condition is true LCD displays “you are authorized with
name” .If false, LCD displays “you not authorized”.

Figure 7: Flow chart to access the code

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 08, Special Issue | Oct 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

International Conference on Recent Trends in Science & Technology-2021 (ICRTST - 2021)

Organised by: ATME College of Engineering, Mysuru, INDIA

V. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

The implementation of this fingerprint based license checking system is successful and gives an output with no errors.
When a fingerprint of an individual is placed on the fingerprint sensor it captures the image of the fingerprint and stores in
the database which is done in the enroll phase. In access phase fingerprint image is scanned and check whether the
fingerprint images is matched with the stored fingerprint in database ,if fingerprint is matched then it gives the details of
the authorized person on the display monitor and also in LCD. If the fingerprint of an individual is not matched with stored
fingerprint in database then it does not gives the details of an individual and displays that the person is unauthorized on
the display monitor and on LCD.

The open source Arduino uno programming makes it simple to compose code and transfer it to the board. Two phases in
scanning the fingerprint image that is Enrollment phase and Access phase, where in enrollment phase fingerprint image is
captured and given with unique ID and stored in the database.

Figure 7: Fingerprint enrollment phase

The second phase in scanning the fingerprint image is access phase where the fingerprint image is scanned and matches
with the fingerprint image stored in database. If the fingerprint image is matched then the person is authorized if not the
person is not authorized. Fingerprint Access phase is shown in below figure no. 8

Figure 8: Fingerprint Access phase

The output was obtained for the fingerprint based driving license checking system, when the fingerprint image is placed
on the fingerprint sensor and when the fingerprint image is matched with the stored fingerprint image in the database or
in the enrollment phase.

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Volume: 08, Special Issue | Oct 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

International Conference on Recent Trends in Science & Technology-2021 (ICRTST - 2021)

Organised by: ATME College of Engineering, Mysuru, INDIA

Figure 9: LCD showing the output of authorized person

The below figures depicts when fingerprint of an individual is not matched with the fingerprint image stored in the
database, LCD displays the person is not authorized and details of an individual will not be available.

Figure 10: Output of LCD showing unauthorized

VI. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

Computerized finger impression distinguishing proof frameworks have been effectively conveyed around the worldwide
for both law-implementation and non military personnel applications, and new finger impression coordinating with
applications keep on arising. The finger impression will keep on being the prevailing biometric quality, and numerous
personality the executives and access control applications will keep on depending on finger impression acknowledgment
as a result of its demonstrated presentation, the presence of enormous inheritance information bases, and the
accessibility of smaller and modest finger impression perusers. Further, unique finger impression proof is adequate in
courtrooms to convict hoodlums. In this paper we have proposed strategy dependent on "Particulars based "calculation
for proficient and more got due to these highlights Universality, Uniqueness, Permanence, Collectability, Acceptability,
Circumvention and Performance when contrasted with the current framework. The security can be additionally expanded
utilizing some cutting edge innovations like progressed sensors, for example Retina Sensors, yet these expands the
expense of the venture.

This project is based on fingerprint to check whether the person is authorized to drive the vehicle or not by using
fingerprint image. In future this project can be implemented using iris, so that it cannot be duplicated.

References

[1] National Science and Technology Council Subcommittee on Biometrics and Identitcal Management, Biometrics in
Government Post-9/11:Advancing Science Enhancin Operations, Aug 2008.

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Volume: 08, Special Issue | Oct 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

International Conference on Recent Trends in Science & Technology-2021 (ICRTST - 2021)

Organised by: ATME College of Engineering, Mysuru, INDIA

[2] A.K. Jain, P. Flynn, and A.A.Ross, eds, Handbook of Biometrics, Springer, 2007.

[3] H.C.Lee and R.E.Gaensslen eds, advances in Fingerprinting Technology,2nd CRC press 2001.

[4] Feng,“Combining Minutiae Descriptors for Fingerprint Matching,” Pattern Recognition,

[5] A.A. Ross, K. Nandakumar, and A.K. Jain, Handbook of Multibiometrics, Springer, 2006.

[6] S.Pankanti, S. Prabhakar, and A.K. Jain, “On the Individuality of Fingerprints,” IEEE pattern analysis and Machine
Intelligence, Aug. 2002, pp.1010-1025.

[7] ieeeexplore.ieee.org>ie15 by JA Rubella.

[8] S.Ashwin, S. Loganathan, S.Santosh kumar,P.shivkumar, “Prototype of fingerprint based licence system for driving”,
April 2014.

[9] David Silcock, Anna Sunter and Chris Van Lottun, Ross Silcock Limited,social research associates “unlicenced driving:A
scoping study to indentify potential areas for futher research”.

[10] Anil Jain , Arun Ross and Salil Prabhakar, “fingerprint matching using minutiae and texture features”.

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