NAPOLCOM Entrance Exam Reviewer

PNP LAW
RA. 6975
Section 1. Title of the Act. – This Act shall be known as the "Department of the
Interior and Local Government Act of 1990."
DILG
Section 6. Organization. – The Department shall consist of the Department
Proper, the existing bureaus and offices of the Department of Local Government,
the National Police Commission, the Philippine Public Safety College, and the
following bureaus: the Philippine National Police, the Bureau of Fire Protection,
and the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology.
NAPOLCOM
Section 14. Powers and Functions of the Commission. – The Commission shall
exercise the following powers and functions:
(a) Exercise administrative control over the Philippine National Police;
Section 16. Term of Office. – The four (4) regular and full-time Commissioners
shall be appointed by the President upon the recommendation of the Secretary.
Of the first four (4) commissioners to be appointed, two (2) commissioners shall
serve for six (6) years and the two (2) other commissioners for four (4) years. All
subsequent appointments shall be for a period of six (6) years each, without
reappointment or extension.
PNPO
Section 23. Composition. – Subject to the limitations provided for in this Act, the
Philippine National Police, hereinafter referred to as the PNP, is hereby
established, initially consisting of the members of the police forces who were
integrated into the Integrated National Police (INP) pursuant to Presidential
Decree No. 765, and the officers and enlisted personnel of the Philippine
Constabulary (PC). For purposes of this Act, the officers and enlisted personnel
of the PC shall include those assigned with the Narcotics Command (NARCOM)
or the Criminal Investigation Service (CIS); and those of the technical services of
the AFP assigned with the PC and the civilian operatives of the CIS. The regular
operatives of the abolished NAPOLCOM Inspection, Investigation and
Intelligence Branch may also be absorbed by the PNP. In addition, a PC officer or
enlisted personnel may transfer to any of the branches or services of the Armed
Forces of the Philippines in accordance with the provisions of Section 85 of this
Act.
In order to be qualified for transfer to the PNP units in Metropolitan Manila and in
highly urbanized cities, an individual must have completed not less than second
year collegiate work or its equivalent in training of seventy-two (72) collegiate
units.
Anyone who has any pending administrative or criminal case or has been
adjudged liable or convicted of any crime pending appeal shall be allowed to join
the PNP provisionally without prejudice to final judgment by a body of competent
jurisdiction.
The permanent civilian employees of the present PC, INP, Narcotics Command,
CIS, and the technical services of the AFP assigned with the PC, including
NAPOLCOM hearing officers holding regular items as such, shall be absorbed by
the Department as employees thereof, subject to existing laws and regulations.
Section 24. Powers and Functions. – The PNP shall have the following powers
and functions:
(a) Enforce all laws and ordinances relative to the protection of lives and
properties;
(b) Maintain peace and order and take all necessary steps to ensure public
safety;
(c) Investigate and prevent crimes, effect the arrest of criminal offenders, bring
offenders to justice and assist in their prosecution;
(d) Exercise the general powers to make arrest, search and seizure in
accordance with the Constitution and pertinent laws;
(e) Detain an arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by law,
informing the person so detained of all his rights under the Constitution;
(f) Issue licenses for the possession of firearms and explosives in accordance
with law;
(g) Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies and
issue licenses to operate security agencies, and to security guards and private
detectives, for the practice of their professions; and
(h) Perform such other duties and exercise all other functions as may be
provided by law.
In addition, the PNP shall absorb the office of the National Action Committee on
Anti-Hijacking (NACAH) of the Department of National Defense, all the functions
of the present Philippine Air Force Security Command (PAFSECOM), as well as
the police functions of the Coast Guard. In order to perform its powers and
functions efficiently and effectively, the PNP shall be provided with adequate
land, sea, and air capabilities and all necessary material means of resources.
Section 25. Organization. – The PNP shall be headed by a Chief who shall be
assisted by two (2) deputy chief, one (1) for operations and one (1) for
administration, both of whom shall be appointed by the President upon
recommendation of the Commission from among the most senior and qualified
officers in the service: Provided, however, That in no case shall any officer who
has retired or is retirable within six (6) months from his compulsory retirement
age be appointed as Chief of the PNP. The PNP shall be composed of a national
office, regional offices, provincial offices, district offices, city or municipal
stations.
At the national level, the PNP shall maintain its office in Metropolitan Manila
which shall house the directorial staff, service staff and special support units.
At the regional level, the PNP shall have regional offices, including that of the
National Capital Region, which may be divided into two (2) separate regions
without prejudice to the pertinent provisions of the Organic Act for the
Autonomous Regions of the Cordilleras and Muslim Mindanao relative to the
creation of a regional police force in the area of autonomy. Each of these
regional offices shall be headed by a regional director for peace and order.
At the provincial level, there shall be a PNP office, each headed by a provincial
director. In the case of large provinces, police districts may be established by
the Commission to be headed by a district director.
At the city or municipal level, there shall be a PNP station, each headed by a
chief of police.
The Chief of the PNP shall, within sixty (60) days from the effectivity of this Act
and in accordance with the broad guidelines set forth herein, recommend the
organizational structure and staffing pattern of the PNP to the Commission.
Section 26. Powers, Functions and term of Office of the PNP Chief . – The
command and direction of the PNP shall be vested in the Chief of the PNP who
shall have the power to direct and control tactical as well as strategic
movements, deployment, placement, utilization of the PNP or any of its units and
personnel, including its equipment, facilities and other resources. Such
command and direction of the Chief of the PNP may be delegated to subordinate
officials with the respect to the units under their respective commands, in
accordance with the rules and regulation prescribed by the Commission. The
Chief of the PNP shall also have the power to issue detailed implementing
policies and instructions regarding personnel, funds, properties, records,
correspondence and such other matters as may be necessary to effectivity carry
out the functions, powers and duties of the Bureau. The Chief of the PNP shall be
appointed by the President from among the senior officers down to the rank of
chief superintendent, subject to confirmation by the Commission on
Appointments: Provided, That the Chief of the PNP shall serve a term of office
not to exceed four (4) years: Provided, further, That in times of war or other
national emergency declared by Congress, the President may extend such term
of office.
Section 27. Manning Levels. – On the average nationwide, the manning levels of
the PNP shall be approximately in accordance with a police-to-population ratio of
one (1) policeman for every five hundred (500) persons. The actual strength by
cities and municipalities shall depend on the state of peace and order,
population density and actual demands of the service in the particular area:
Provided, That the minimum police-to-population ratio shall not be less than one
(1) policeman for every one thousand (1,000) persons: Provided, further, That
urban areas shall have a higher minimum police-to-population ratio as may be
prescribed by regulations.
Section 28. Rank Classification. – For purposes of efficient administration,
supervision and control, the rank classification of the members of the PNP shall
be as follows:
Commissioned Officer
1 Director General
3 Deputy Director General
11 Director
48 Chief Superintendent
Senior Superintendent
Superintendent
Chief Inspector
Senior Inspector
Inspector
Non Commissioned Officer
Senior Police Officer IV
Senior Police Officer III
Senior Police Officer II
Senior Police Officer I
Police Officer III
Police Officer II
Police Officer I
Section 29. Key Positions. – The head of the PNP with the rank director general
shall have the position title of Chief of the PNP. The second in command of the
PNP with the rank of deputy director general shall be the Deputy Chief of the
PNP for Administration. The third in command with the rank also of deputy
director general shall be the Deputy Chief of the PNP for Operations.
At the national office, the head of the directorial staff with the rank of deputy
director general shall be known as Chief of the Directorial Staff of the PNP.
The heads of the various staff divisions in the directorial staff shall have the rank
of director with the position title of Director of the Directorial Staff of their
respective functional divisions. The head of the Inspectorate Division with the
rank of chief superintendent shall assume the position title of Inspector General.
The heads of the administrative and operational support divisions shall have the
rank of chief superintendent.
The head of the NCR with the rank of director shall assume the position title of
NCR Director.
The heads of the regional offices with the rank of chief superintendent shall
assume the position title of Regional Director.
The heads of the NCR district offices with the rank of chief superintendent shall
have the position title of District Director.
The heads of provincial offices with the rank of senior superintendent shall be
known as Provincial Director.
The heads of the district offices with the rank of superintendent shall have the
position title of District Director.
The heads of the municipality or city offices with the rank of chief inspector
shall be known as Chief of Police.
Section 30. General Qualifications for Appointment. – No person shall be
appointed as officer or member of the PNP unless he possesses the following
minimum qualifications:
(a) A citizen of the Philippines;
(b) A person of good moral conduct;
(c) Of sound mind and body;
(d) Must possess a formal baccalaureate degree for appointment as officer and
must have finished at least second year college or the equivalent of seventy-two
(72) collegiate units for appointment as non-officer or an equivalent training or
experience for those already in the service upon the effectivity of this Act.
(e) Must be eligible in accordance with the standards set by the Commission;
(f) Must not have been dishonorably discharged from military employment or
dismissed for cause from any civilian position in the Government;
(g) Must not have been convicted be final judgment of an offense or crime
involving moral turpitude;
(h) Must be at least one meter and sixty-two centimeters (1.62 m.) in height for
male and one meter and fifty-seven centimeters (1.57 m.) for female;
(i) Must weight not more or less than five kilograms (5 kg.) of the standard
weight corresponding to his or her height, age, and sex; and
(j) For a new applicant, must not be less than twenty-one (21) nor more than
thirty (30) years of age.
Section 31. Appointment of PNP Officers and Members. – The appointment of the
officers and members of the PNP shall be effected in the following manner:
(a) Police Officer I to Senior Police Officer IV . – Appointed by the PNP regional
director for regional personnel or by the Chief of the PNP for the national
headquarters personnel and attested by the Civil Service Commission.
(b) Inspector to Superintendent. – Appointed by the Chief of the PNP, as
recommended by their immediate superiors, attested by the Civil Service
Commission;
(c) Senior Superintendent to Deputy Director General. – Appointed by the
President upon recommendation of the chief of the PNP, with proper
endorsement by the Chairman of the Civil Service Commission and subject to
confirmation by the Commission on Appointments; and
(d) Director General. – Appointed by the President from among the senior officers
down to the rank of chief superintendent in the service, subject to confirmation
by the Commission on Appointments: Provided, That the Chief of the PNP shall
serve a tour of duty not to exceed four (4) years: Provided, further, That, in times
of war or other national emergency declared by Congress, the President may
extend such tour of duty.
Section 32. Examinations for Policemen. – The Civil Service Commission shall
administer the qualifying entrance examinations for policemen on the basis of
the standards set by the NAPOLCOM.
Section 33. Lateral Entry of Officers into the PNP. – In general, all original
appointments of commissioned officers in the PNP shall commence with the rank
of inspector, to include all those with highly technical qualifications applying for
the PNP technical services, such as dentist, optometrists, nurses, engineers, and
graduates of forensic sciences. Doctors of medicine, members of the Bar, and
chaplains shall be appointed to the rank of senior inspector in their particular
technical service. Graduates of the Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA)
shall be automatically appointed to the initial rank of inspector. Licensed
criminologists may be appointed to the rank of inspector to fill up any vacancy
after promotions from the ranks are completed.
Section 36. Status of Members of the Philippine National Police. – The members
of the PNP shall be considered employees of the National Government and shall
draw their salaries therefrom: Provided, That PNP members assigned in
Metropolitan Manila, chartered cities and first class municipalities may be paid
in additional monthly allowance by the local government unit concerned.
PNP Seal and Badge
PNP Seal Meaning and Symbolism
Lapu-Lapu Hero - The great Filipino hero of Mactan, the prototype of the best and
most noble in Filipino manhood who is the symbol and embodiment of all the
genuine attributes of leadership, courage, nationalism, self-reliance and a
people-based and people powered community defense. The benevolent and
heroic warrior who derived added strength from a cohesive, determined and loyal
people is today a fitting symbol and a prototype as well of people power to
preserve our values, customs, traditions, way of life and the rule of law thru a
solidly community-based police system. Lapu-Lapu also personifies for us today
civilian constitutional authority.
Laurel - Green Laurel with 14 leaves, symbolizes the 14 Regional Commands. It is
also a symbol of the honor, dignity and the privilege of being a member of a noble
organization where the call to public service is par excellence a commitment to
public trust.
Shield - The symbol of the Philippine Constabulary, the first National Police by
virtue of Organic Act No. 175, enacted by the Philippine Commission on 18 July
1901. The Philippine Constabulary for the close to 90 years of service to the
nation has performed with honor, professionalism and courage. The PC has
carved out a large part of the glorious pages of Philippine history, as attested by
its proudly and deservedly garnering 86 of the 92 "Medals of Valor" the highest
honor that a grateful Filipino nation can bestow on its gallant sons in the service
of the Republic. Most appropriately therefore, the Philippine Constabulary
became the nucleus of the Integrated National Police in 1975 to nurture the then
embryonic concept of the nationalization of the country's local police forces.
Three Stars - Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao and the 1,700 islands and the
territorial integrity wherein the National Police must enforce the law and
maintain peace and order with professionalism, zeal and dedication in keeping
with the highest ideals and traditions of service to our country and people.
Service • Honor • Justice - Added distinct ideals for the officers, men and women
of the PNP to insure efficiency, integrity, cohesiveness, camaraderie and
equanimity to enhance community acceptance and support to attain its mission
of peace keeping and law enforcement.
Sun - Symbolize the flowering, maturing and ultimate realization of the glorious
evolution of the PC/INP into a National Police Organization - "national in scope
and civilian in character" - as enshrined in the 1986 Constitution. The Traditional
light rays which represents the fightingest provinces whose ideals of courage
and patriotism the members of the National Police must possess.
PNP Badge Meaning and Symbolism
Philippine Monkey Eating Eagle The National Bird – symbol of swiftness and
ferocity, power, courage and immortality.
PNP Shield - Symbol of protection of all citizens. Three Stars - Stands for Luzon,
Visayas and Mindanao which constitute the Republic's Territorial Integrity over
which the PNP must enforce the law and maintain peace and order with
professionalism, zeal and dedication in keeping with the highest ideals and
traditions of service to God, Country and People.
Eight Sun Rays - Represents the eight (8) provinces whose ideals of courage,
gallantry patriotism led to their revolt against Spain.
Lapu – Lapu - Symbolizes the bravery of the Philippine National Police. Service,
Honor, Justice - Service is the vibrant and cogent deeds and actions in response
to the needs and wants of the people in distress: Honor could be the overriding
criterion and consideration in the performance of their entrusted task or mission:
and Justice dispensed to everyone whatever is due to him without favoritism or
discrimination of any sort. Laurel Leaves - Symbolizes the competency, brilliance
and honor in the field of endeavor expected from each and every member of the
PNP.
Philippine National Police - Identity of Solidarity.
PPSC
Section 66. Creation of the Philippine Public Safety College. – There is hereby
created the Philippine Public Safety College (PPSC), which shall be the premier
educational institution for the training, human resource development and
continuing education of all personnel of the PNP, Fire and Jail Bureaus.
Said College shall be under the direct supervision of a Board of Trustees
composed of the Secretary and the three (3) bureau heads.
Section 67. Composition, Powers and Functions. – The College shall consist of
the present Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) established pursuant to
Section 13 of Presidential Decree No. 1184, the Fire Service Training Center, the
Philippine National Training Center (PNTC), the National Police College, and
other special training centers as may be created by the Department, whose
functions shall be as follows:
(a) Formulate and implement training programs for the personnel of the
Department;
(b) Establish and maintain adequate physical training facilities;
(c) Develop and implement research and development to support educational
training programs;
(d) Conduct an assessment of the training needs of all its clientele; and
(e) Perform such other related functions as may be prescribed by the Secretary.
Section 68. Organization. – The structure and staffing pattern of the College shall
be prescribed by the Secretary.
8551
Section 1. Title. – This Act shall be known as the "Philippine National Police
Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998".
THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
A. REORGANIZATION
Section 13. Authority of the Commission to Reorganize the PNP. –
Notwithstanding the provisions of Republic Act No. 6975 on the organizational
structure and rank classification of the PNP, the Commission shall conduct a
management audit, and prepare and submit to Congress a proposed
reorganization plan of the PNP not later than December 31, 1998, subject to the
limitations provided under this Act and based on the following criteria: a)
increased police visibility through dispersal of personnel from the headquarters
to the field offices and by the appointment and assignment of non-uniformed
personnel to positions which are purely administrative, technical, clerical or
menial in nature and other positions which are not actually and directly related
to police operation; and b) efficient and optimized delivery of police services to
the communities.
The PNP reorganization program shall be approved by Congress through a joint
resolution.
B. QUALIFICATIONS UPGRADING
Section 14. Section 30 of Republic Act No. 6975 is hereby amended to read as
follows:
"SEC. 30. General Qualifications for Appointment. – No person shall be appointed
as officer or member of the PNP unless he or she possesses the following
minimum qualifications:
"a) A citizen of the Philippines;
"b) A person of good moral conduct;
"c) Must have passed the psychiatric/psychological, drug and physical tests to
be administered by the PNP or by any NAPOLCOM accredited government
hospital for the purpose of determining physical and mental health;
"d) Must possess a formal baccalaureate degree from a recognized institution of
learning;
"e) Must be eligible in accordance with the standards set by the Commission;
"f) Must not have been dishonorably discharged from military employment or
dismissed for cause from any civilian position in the Government;
"g) Must not have been convicted by final judgment of an offense or crime
involving moral turpitude;
"h) Must be at least one meter and sixty-two centimeters (1.62 m.) in height for
male and one meter and fifty-seven centimeters (1.57 m.) for female;
"i) Must weigh not more or less than five kilograms (5 kgs.) from the standard
weight corresponding to his or her height, age, and sex; and
"j) For a new applicant, must not be less than twenty-one (21) nor more than
thirty (30) years of age: except for the last qualification, the above-enumerated
qualifications shall be continuing in character and an absence of any one of
them at any given time shall be a ground for separation or retirement from the
service: Provided, That PNP members who are already in the service upon the
effectivity of this Act shall be given at least two (2) more years to obtain the
minimum educational qualification and one (1) year to satisfy the weight
requirement.
"For the purpose of determining compliance with the requirements on physical
and mental health, as well as the non-use of prohibited drugs, the PNP by itself
or through a NAPOLCOM accredited government hospital shall conduct regular
psychiatric, psychological drug and physical tests randomly and without notice.
"After the lapse of the time period for the satisfaction of a specific requirement,
current members of the PNP who will fail to satisfy any of the requirements
enumerated under this Section shall be separated from the service if they are
below fifty (50) years of age and have served in Government for less than twenty
(20) years or retired if they are from the age of fifty (50) and above and have
served the Government for at least twenty (20) years without prejudice in either
case to the payment of benefits they may be entitled to under existing laws."
Section 15. Waivers for Initial Appointments to the PNP. – The age, height,
weight, and educational requirements for initial appointment to the PNP may be
waived only when the number of qualified applicants fall below the minimum
annual quota: Provided, That an applicant shall not be below twenty (20) nor over
thirty-five (35) years of age: Provided, further, That any applicant not meeting the
weight requirement shall be given reasonable time but not exceeding six (6)
months within which to comply with the said requirement: Provided, furthermore,
That only applicants who have finished second year college or have earned at
least seventy-two (72) collegiate units leading to a bachelor's decree shall be
eligible for appointment: Provided, furthermore, That anybody who will enter the
service without a baccalaureate degree shall be given a maximum of four (4)
years to obtain the required educational qualification: Provided, finally, That a
waiver for height requirement shall be automatically granted to applicants
belonging to the cultural communities.
Section 16. Selection Criteria Under the Waiver Program. – The selection of
applicants under the Waiver Program shall be subject to the following minimum
criteria:
a) Applicants who possess the least disqualification shall take precedence over
those who possess more disqualifications.
b) The requirements shall be waived in the following order: (a) age, (b) height, (c)
weight, and (d) education.
The Commission shall promulgate rules and regulations to address other
situations arising from the waiver of the entry requirements.
Section 17. Nature of Appointment Under a Waiver Program. – Any PNP uniformed
personnel who is admitted due to the waiver of the educational or weight
requirements shall be issued a temporary appointment pending the satisfaction
of the requirement waived. Any member who will fail to satisfy any of the waived
requirements within the specified time periods under Section 13 of this Act shall
be dismissed from the service.
Section 18. Re-application of Dismissed PNP Members Under a Waiver Program. –
Any PNP member who shall be dismissed under a waiver program shall be
eligible to re-apply for appointment to the PNP: Provided, That he or she
possesses the minimum qualifications under Section 14 of this Act and his or her
reappointment is not by virtue of another waiver program.
Section 19. The Field Training Program. – All uniformed members of the PNP shall
undergo a Field Training Program for twelve (12) months involving actual
experience and assignment in patrol, traffic, and investigation as a requirement
for permanency of their appointment.
Section 20. Increased Qualifications for Provincial Directors. – No person may be
appointed Director of a Provincial Police Office unless:
a) he or she holds a master's degree in public administration, sociology,
criminology, criminal justice, law enforcement, national security administration,
defense studies, or other related discipline from a recognized institution of
learning; and
b) has satisfactorily passed the required training and career courses necessary
for the position as may be established by the Commission.
Any PNP personnel who is currently occupying the position but lacks any of the
qualifications mentioned above shall be given three (3) years upon the effectivity
of this Act to comply with the requirements; otherwise he or she shall be
relieved from the position.
Section 21. Section 32 of Republic Act No. 6975 is hereby amended to read as
follows:
"SEC. 32. Examinations of Policemen. – The National Police Commission shall
administer the entrance and promotional examinations for policemen on the
basis of the standards set by the Commission."
Section 22. Section 34 of Republic Act No. 6975 is hereby amended to read as
follows:
"SEC. 34. Qualifications of Chief of City and Municipal Police Stations. – No
person shall be appointed chief of a city police station unless he/she is a
graduate of Bachelor of Laws or has finished all the required courses of a
master's degree program in public administration, criminology, criminal justice,
law enforcement, national security administration, defense studies, and other
related disciplines from a recognized institution of learning. No person shall be
appointed chief of a municipal police station unless he or she has finished at
least second year Bachelor of Laws or has earned at least twelve (12) units in a
master's degree program in public administration, criminology, criminal justice,
law enforcement, national security administration, and other related disciplines
from a recognized institution of learning: Provided, That members of the Bar with
at least five (5) years of law practice, licensed criminologists or graduates of the
Philippine National Police Academy and who possess the general qualifications
for initial appointment to the PNP shall be qualified for appointment as chief of a
city or municipal police station: Provided, further, That the appointee has
successfully passed the required field training program and has complied with
other requirements as may be established by the Commission: Provided,
furthermore, That the chief of police shall be appointed in accordance with the
provisions of Section 51, paragraph (b), subparagraph 4(i) of this Act."
Section 23. Qualifications Upgrading Program. – The Commission shall design
and establish a qualifications upgrading program for the Philippine National
Police officers and members in coordination with the Civil Service Commission,
and the Commission on Higher Education through a distance education program
and/or an in-service education program or other similar programs within ninety
(90) days from the effectivity of this Act.

History of PNP
RA 6975- “An Act Establishing the Philippine National Police Under e
Reorganized Department of the Department of the Interior and Local Government
and for Other Purposes” ended the existence of the Philippine Constabulary and
the Integrated National Police. Amended by RA 8551.
PNP- Country’s Police Force
NAPOLCOM- The Agency that Supervise, Administer and Controlled the PNP.
8551- “PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998” Amended by RA 9708.
IAS- Internal Affairs Service, the watchdog of the PNP. It is an organization
within the structure of the PNP.
Organic Act 175- creating insular police force. “An Act providing for the
organization of an insular Constabulary and for the inspection of the Municipal
police.
Cesar P. Nazareno – First Police Director General/ PNP Chief.
Raul S. Imperial - Second Police Director General/ PNP Chief.
Umberto R. Rodriguez - Third Police Director General/ PNP Chief, Appointed by
President Fidel V. Ramos.
Kempetai- Japanese police force ruled in the Philippines.
Manila Police Department (MPD) – created during the first American Occupation
renamed into “Metropolitan Constabulary” under the Bureau of Constabulary. By
virtue of Act Nr. 183 of the Philippine Commission.
Insular Police Force – established during the Filipino American War upon
recommendation of the Philippine Commission to the Secretary of War.
Insular Constabulary – created by virtue Act. Nr. 175
Capt. George Curry – US Army officer appointed by TAFT COMMISSION and the
1st CHIEF OF POLICE of MPD.
Capt. Columbus Piatt – the Last American COP of MPD.
October 3, 1901 – Insular constabulary was changed to Philippine Constabulary
by virtue of Act Nr. 225
Brig/Gen. Henry T. Allen – 1st Chief of Philippine Constabulary. Father of PC.
Brig/Gen. Rafael T. Crame – 1st Filipino COP of PC.
Col. Antonio C. Torres – 1st Filipino COP when Manila Police Department became
an all Filipino Organization
Col. Marcus Ellis Jones – a US Provost Marshall who was named MPD COP just
after Manila Liberation.
Col. Lamberto T. Javalera – 1st COP of MPD appointed by Pres. Roxas under the
Republic Government.
RA 4864 – Police Act of 1966, police commission under office of the president of
the Philippines. This law gives birth to NAPOLCOM
RA 6040 – amended certain section of RA 2260 known as the Civil Service Act of
1969.
PD 765 – PC/INP Law. Establishing and constituted the Integrated national police
which shall be composed of PC as the nucleus and the integrated police forces
(fire and jail department) as components.
PD 1184 – The Integrated National Police Personnel Professionalization Act of
1977.
Article XVI Section 6 of the Philippine Constitution – The state shall established
and maintain one police force, which shall be national in scope and civilian in
character, to be administer and controlled by the NAPOLCOM.
RA 541 – Police Pension Law
PD 1184 – Police Professionalization Law of 1977, gives birth to the PNPA.
EO 1040 – transferred the administrative control and supervision on INP from
Ministry on National Defense (MND) to the NAPOLCOM.
PHILIPPINE HISTORY
Philippines – Pearl of the Orient, comprises more than 7,100 islands.
1898 – The Spanish-American War ended.
Martial Law – imposed by President Ferdinand E. Marcos.
Pearl Harbor- the Japanese surprise attack in America
Clark field in Pampanga- bombing mission of Japanese in the Philippines.
Hiroshima & Nagasaki – City in Japan wherein the American Air Force drops a
Nuclear Bomb.
People Power Movement – 4 day protest in Manila, in EDSA
Ferdinand Magellan – 1st recorded European contact with the Philippine Island.
Cebu – Island of ZUGBO, Humabon in waging a battle against a rival chieftain,
Lapu-Lapu of Mactan. The Capital of the new Spanish colony.
1565 – 1st Spanish settlement in the Philippines was established on cebu by
Miguel Lopez de Legaspi.
Rajah Soliman – controlled an area of Luzon. The NEW Capital of the Spanish
colony.
KKK – kataastaasan kagalang galang na katipunan ng mga anak ng bayan,
KATIPUNAN, organized by Andres Bonifacio.
Biac-na-bato – a place that in negotiated truce.
Treaty of Paris – Peace negotiation between spain and the United States.
William Howard Taft – President of United States appointed General MacArthur
to rule and govern the Philippines.
Deep-water harbor – at subic bay, major anchorage for the US naval fleet.
Jones Act – instituted an elected Philippine senate and compromised eventual
independence.
Franklin D. Roosevelt – New President of US who supports the Tydings-McDuffie
Act of 1934 stipulated that the Philippines would become an independent
republic on July 4, 1946.
HUKBALAHAPS- hukbong ng bayan laban sa hapon
1944 – Osmenia succeeded Quezon, who died in the US.
April 1946- Roxas became the 1st president of the new republic.
April 1948 – Roxas died and was succeeded by Vice President Quirino, who won
presidency in 1949.
Luis Taruc – HUKS Leader.
1953- Magsaysay was the clear winner in the presidential election.
March 1957 – Magsaysay died in plane crash and was succeeded by his vice
president Carlos Garcia, and was elected president in his own right in November
1957.
1961 - Diosdado Macapagal win the presidency.
1965 – election gave to presidency to Ferdinand E. Marcos. The 1st president
who win a second term.
September 21, 1972 – President Ferdinand E. Marcos Proclaimed Martial Law by
virtue of Proclamation No. 1081.
EDSA – epifanio de los Santos Avenue
Mendiola Massacre – government security forces opened fire on the protester
and killed 20 people.
CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
Criminal – is a person convicted of a crime by a final judgment
Suspect – arrested for the commission of a crime and he is in the law
enforcement stage.
Respondent – in the prosecution stage
Accused – in court
Criminal or Convict or Inmate – in correction
Ex-convict – in the community
Crime - is an act or omission punishable by law, forbidding or commanding it.
Felony – crime punishable by Revised Penal Code (RA.3815)
Offense – crime punishable by special penal laws.
Misdemeanor or Violation or Obstruction of Ordinance – crime punishable by
municipal or city ordinances
Justice – is the act of rendering what are due or treating persons equally.
System – is a combination of related elements organized into a complex
prevention and control of crime.
Criminal Justice System – is the machinery which the society uses in prevention
and control crime.
Law Enforcement –First component and pillar of the CJS. They are called the
police, conducts arrest, search seizures, etc. The prime mover or front liner of
the CJS. (also BIR) They are the one who file complaint.
Prosecution – conducts preliminary investigation to determine the existence of
probable cause. The one who file information.
Court – conducts trial to determine whether the accused is guilty or innocent of
the charge. The arbiter of Justice. The “cornerstone” or “centerpiece” of the
CJS.
Correction– reforms and rehabilitates the offenders. This is known as the
weakest pillar in CJS.
Community – molds persons from birth and reintegrates offender back to their
home. This is the core of the CJS.
Teodulo Natividad – introduced CJS in the Philippines
LAW ENFORCEMENT
Public Relation – is the act of bringing about better understanding , confidence,
and acceptance of an individual or an organization.
Police Community Relation – is defined as the sum total dealings of the police
with the people it serves and whose goodwill and cooperation it craves for to
insure the greatest possible efficiency in the public service.
Police Public Relation – is the continuing process by which endeavors are made
to obtain the goodwill and cooperation of the public for the effective
enforcement of the law and the accomplishment of police purpose.
Human Relation – consists of fundamental precepts, both moral and legal which
governs the relationship among men in all aspects of life.
Crime – Desire + Opportunity (to commit a crime) over Resistance (not to commit
a crime)
Arrest – is the taking of a person into custody in order that he may bound to
answer for the commission of an offense.
Warrant of Arrest – is an order in writing issued in the name of People of the
Philippines, signed by the judge and directed to a peace officer, commanding him
to arrest a person or persons stated therein and deliver them before the court.
Inflagrante Delicto – caught in the act of committing a crime
Search Warrant - is an order in writing issued in the name of People of the
Philippines, signed by the judge and directed to a peace officer, commanding him
to search for personal property described therein and deliver them before the
court.
Custodial Investigation – is any questioning initiated by law enforcement officers
after a person has been taken into custody of otherwise deprived of his freedom
of action in any significant way.
Miranda Rights – Miranda vs. Arizona, Constitutional Rights of persons under
investigation for the commission of an offense.
Doctrine of the Fruit of the Poisonous Tree – any evidence illegally obtained is
not admissible in any proceeding.
Confession – direct acknowledgement of guilt.
Admission - indirect acknowledgement of guilt.
RA 7438 – An Act Defining certain rights of person arrested, detained, or under
custodial investigation as well as the duties of the arresting, detaining and
investigating officers, and providing penalties for violation thereof.
PROSECUTION
Inquest Proceeding - is a proceeding done by the inquest prosecutor to
determine the validity of a warrantless arrest.
Preliminary Investigation – is an inquiry held for the purpose of ascertaining
whether or not probable cause is present.
Probable Cause – is the existence of sufficient ground to engender well founded
belief that a crime has been committed and the respondent is probably guilty
thereof.
RA 9344 – Juvenile Justice Welfare Act of 2006.
Complaint – is a sworn written statement charging a person with an offense,
subscribed by the offended party, any peace officer, or other public officer
charged with the enforcement of the law violated.
Information – is an accusation in writing charging a person with an offense,
subscribed by the prosecutor and filed in court.
COURT
Judge – is an officer so named in his commission who presides in some court; a
public officer, appointed to preside to and administer the law in a court of
justice.
Jurisdiction – is the power and authority to hear, try, and decide a case.
Certification Against Forum Shopping – the complainant, plaintiff, or principal
party shall certify under oath in his complaint or other initiatory pleading
asserting a claim of relief.
Arraignment – is made in an open court by the judge or clerk furnishing the
accused of the copy of the complaint of information, reading the same in a
language or dialect known to him, and asking him whether he pleads guilty or
not guilty.
Bail – is a security given for the release of a person in custody of the law, furnish
by him or a bondsman, to guarantee his appearance before any court as required
under the conditions specified by law.
Recognizance – is the release of the defendant on the custody of a responsible
member of the community who shall guarantee his appearance whenever
required by the court.
Proof beyond Reasonable Doubt – is the degree of proof which produces
conviction in an unprejudiced mind.
Preponderance of Evidence – means that the testimony adduced by one side is
more credible and conclusive that the other.
Substantial Evidence – is the relevant evidence which the reasonable mind might
accepts as adequate to support a conclusion.
Quash – literally to put stop. It is the act of formally declaring that the law or a
court’s verdict is invalid.
Trial – is the examination before a competent tribunal, according to the laws of
the land, of the facts and issue of the case, for the purpose of determining such
issue.
Alibi – is an averment that the person was at another place for such a period of
time that it was impossible for him to have been at the place where the act was
committed at the time of its commission.
Judgment – is adjudication by the court that the accused is guilty or not guilty of
the offense charged and the imposition of him of the proper penalty and civil
liability, if any.
Appeal – is a resort to a superior court to review the decision of an inferior court
or administrative agency.
CORRECTION
Prisoners – are those convicted by final judgment.
Detainees – are those undergoing investigation/trial, or awaiting trial/sentence.
Department of Justice – it holds the Bureau of Prisons
Old Bilibid Prison – at present Manila City Jail.
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) – administer at the city and
municipal jails. It is under the (DILG) Department of Interior and Local
Government.
Provincial Jail – administer by Provincial Government
Prisons – administered by (BuCor) Bureau of Correction, deprived of their liberty
for more than 3 years.
Jails – are housing persons who are deprived of their liberty for not more than 3
years.
Probation – is a disposition under which a defendant, after conviction and
sentence, is released subject to conditions imposed by the court and under the
supervision of a probation officer.
Interlocutory Order – is one which does not finally determine a cause of action
but only decides some intervening matter pertaining to the cause.
Pardon – is an executive clemency granted by the President/Chief Executive.
Pardoning Power of the President
Amnesty – is an act of sovereign power granting oblivion or general pardon for a
past offense usually granted in favor of certain classes of persons who have
committed crimes of political character, such as character, such as treason,
sedition, and rebellion.
Parole – is the suspension of sentence of a convict after having served the
minimum sentence imposed without granting pardon, prescribing the terms of
the suspension.
Commutation – is an act of the President reducing the penalty of a convict.
Reprieve and Suspension – the temporary stay or postponement of sentence.
COMMUNITY
Community – is a group of persons living I a particular place.
Home – Cradle of human personality
Marriage – is a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman
entered into in accordance with law for the establishment of conjugal and family
life. Is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship.
School – is an institution or place for instruction or education.
Church – is the religious society founded and established by Jesus Christ to
receive, preserve, and propagate His doctrines and ordinances.
Government – is the organization, or agency through which a political unit
exercises its authority, controls and administers public policy, and directs and
controls the actions of its members or subjects.