DEPARTMENT

MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MECHANICAL

OF MACHINE ENGINEERING
II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN, BENIN CITY, NIGERIA
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

QUESTION ONE

For the four-bar mechanism shown in fig

Q1, link 2 rotates with a constant angular
velocity of 350rpm. if O2B is 3.5cm, BD is
10cm and O4D is 9cm, m3 is 0.125kg, I3 is
0.0064kg-m2, using unit vectors,
determine:
Fig Q1
a. Magnitude and direction of
velocity VD,
b. Magnitude and direction of
acceleration aD,
c. angular accelerations 𝛼3, 𝛼4,
d. magnitude and direction of
acceleration at mass centre
e. Force Fo3, Torque To3 and 𝑎𝑔3,
moment arm e03

SOLUTION
𝑉⃗ 𝐷= 𝑉⃗ 𝐵 +𝑉⃗ 𝑟𝑒𝑙 +𝜔×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵
a.

𝑉⃗ 𝐷 _ direction known, magnitude unknown.

𝑉⃗ 𝐷= 𝑉⃗𝐷 cos298𝑖 +𝑉⃗𝐷 sin298𝑗 = 0.469𝑉⃗𝐷𝑖 −0.883𝑉⃗𝐷𝑗

𝑉⃗ 𝐵 _ direction known; magnitude known.

|𝑉⃗𝐵| = (O2B)𝜔2

𝜔2 = = 36.7𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠

|𝑉⃗𝐵| = (O2B)𝜔2 = 0.035 ×36.7

|𝑉⃗𝐵| = 1.285𝑚𝑠−1

𝑉⃗ 𝐵= 1.285cos52𝑖 +1.285sin52𝑗

𝑉⃗ 𝐵= 1.285×0.616𝑖 +1.285×0.788𝑗

𝑉⃗ 𝐵= 0.792𝑖 +1.013𝑗

𝑉⃗ 𝑟𝑒𝑙 = 0.

𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵 _ direction known; magnitude unknown.

𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵 = (𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵)𝑗

Substituting into equation 𝑉⃗ 𝐷, we have

 MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

0.469𝑉⃗𝐷𝑖 −0.883𝑉⃗𝐷𝑗 = 0.792𝑖 +1.013𝑗 +(𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵)𝑗

Equating i components, we have

0.469𝑉⃗𝐷 = 0.792

𝑉⃗𝐷 = 1.689𝑚/𝑠

𝑉⃗ 𝐷= 0.469×1.689𝑖 −0.883×1.689𝑗

𝑉⃗ 𝐷= 0.792𝑖 −1.491𝑗

Summing and equating j components

−0.883𝑉⃗𝐷 = 1.013+(𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵)

−0.883×1.689 = 1.013+(𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵)

−1.491 = 1.013+(𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵)

𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵 = −2.504𝑚/𝑠

ω3 = 2. 504/0.1
𝜔3 = 25.04𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 𝑐𝑤

𝜔4 = = 18.77𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 𝑐𝑐𝑤

b.

𝑎𝐷 = 𝑎𝐵 +𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵 +𝜔3 ×(𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵 )+2𝜔3𝑉⃗ 𝑟𝑒𝑙 +𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑙

2𝜔3𝑉⃗ 𝑟𝑒𝑙 = 0

𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑙 = 0,

𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵 direction known to AB, magnitude unknown.

(𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵)𝑗

𝜔3 ×(𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ D/B ) = −𝜔32𝑅⃗ D/B𝑖 , direction from D to B

−𝜔32𝑅⃗ D/B𝑖 ,= −25.04×25.04×0.1𝑖 = −62.7𝑖

|𝑎𝐵𝑛| = 𝜔22𝑂2𝐵 = (36.7)2 ×0.035 = 47.14𝑚𝑠−2; 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑠 𝑂2 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝐵

𝑎𝐵𝑛 = 𝑎𝐵𝑛(cos142𝑖 +sin142𝑗 ) = 47.14(−0.788𝑖 +0.616𝑗 )

 MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

𝑎𝐵𝑛 = −37.146𝑖 +29.038𝑗

|𝑎𝐷𝑛| = 𝜔42𝑂4𝐷 = (18.77)2 ×0.09 = 31.708𝑚𝑠−2; 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑠 𝑂4 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝐷

𝑎𝐷𝑛 = 𝑎𝐷𝑛(cos208𝑖 +sin208𝑗 ) = 31.708(−0.883𝑖 −0.469𝑗 )

𝑎𝐷𝑛 = −27.998𝑖 −14.871𝑗

|𝑎𝐷𝑡 | = 𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛; 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑡𝑜 𝑂4𝐷

𝑎𝐷𝑡 = 𝑎𝐷𝑡 (cos298𝑖 +sin298𝑗) = 𝑎𝐷𝑡 (0.469𝑖 −0.883𝑗 )

𝑎𝐷𝑡 = 0.469𝑎𝐷𝑡 𝑖 −0.883𝑎𝐷𝑡 𝑗

Substituting into main equation for 𝑎𝐷, we have

−27.998𝑖 −14.871𝑗 +0.469𝑎𝐷𝑡 𝑖 −0.883𝑎𝐷𝑡 𝑗 = −37.146𝑖 +29.038𝑗 −62.7𝑖 +(𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵)𝑗

Equating 𝑖 components give:

−27.998+0.469𝑎𝐷𝑡 = −37.146−62.7

0.469𝑎𝐷𝑡 = −71.848

𝑎𝐷𝑡 = −153.19

Substituting for 𝑎𝐷𝑡 , we have

𝑎 𝐷𝑡 = 0.469×−153.19𝑖 −0.883×−153.19𝑗

𝑎 𝐷𝑡 = −71.846𝑖 +135.267𝑗

Equating 𝑗 components

−14.871𝑗 +135.267𝑗 = 29.038𝑗 +(𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵)𝑗

(𝜔3 ×𝑅⃗ 𝐷/𝐵)𝑗 = 91.358𝑚𝑠−2

𝑎𝐷 𝑎 𝐷𝑡

𝑎𝐷 𝑗

𝑎𝐷 𝑗

|𝑎𝐷|
|𝑎𝐷| 𝑚𝑠

𝜃𝐷 𝑜
 MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

𝜃𝐷 𝑜

c.

𝜔3 = 𝛼3 =

𝛼3 = 913.58𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠2 𝑐𝑐𝑤

𝛼4 =

𝛼4 = 1702.11𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠2 𝑐𝑤

d.

Acceleration of Mass Centre ag3

𝑎 𝑔3 = 𝑎𝐵 +𝑎 𝑔3𝐵 = −37.146𝑖 +29.038𝑗 + 𝑎 𝑔3𝐵

𝑎 𝑔3 = 𝑎𝐷 +𝑎 𝑔3𝐷 = −99.844𝑖 +120.396𝑗 + 𝑎 𝑔3𝐷

𝑎 𝑔3𝐵 = −𝑎 𝑔3𝐷

𝑎 𝑔3 = −37.146𝑖 +29.038𝑗 − 𝑎 𝑔3𝐷

𝑎 𝑔3 = −99.844𝑖 +120.396𝑗 + 𝑎 𝑔3𝐷

2𝑎 𝑔3 = −136.99𝑖 +149.434𝑗

𝑎𝑔 𝑗

|𝑎 𝑔

|𝑎 𝑔 𝑚𝑠

𝜃𝑔 𝑜

𝜃𝑔 𝑜

e.

𝐹𝑜3 = 𝑚3𝑎𝑔3 = 0.125×101.362 = 12.67𝑁

𝑇𝑜3 = 𝐼3𝛼3 = 0.0064×913.58 = 5.847𝑁𝑚

𝐼3𝛼3 5.
𝑒3 = =
𝐹𝑜3
 MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

𝑒3 = 0.461𝑚

Question Two

The rotor of a jet compressor has a

blade 12cm long mounted on a 90cm
diameter hub. Assuming the
configuration of vanes shown
in fig Q2 with b= 6cm, t= 0.5cm and
the density = 0.00272kg/cm3,
determine the allowable rotative
speed of the rotor

for an allowable maximum

blade stress of 6900N/cm .
The blade is aluminium.
Also determine the force exerted on the rotor of the Fig Q2
compressor by individual blade.

Question Three (12 marks)

The crank rocker mechanism is frozen at the position shown in fig Q3. The lengths of the links
are O2A =75mm, AB = 200mm and O4B = 200mm. The result from a kinematic analysis
includes: 𝑎 𝐵 = −41.28𝑖 +16.9𝑗 , 𝑎 𝐴 = −33.75𝑖 −58.46𝑗 , 𝜔4 = 9.756𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠, 𝛼3 =
376.8𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠2, 𝛼4 = 201.7𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠2.
i. Determine the acceleration of mass centres of link 3 and 4.
ii. If m3 = 2kg, m4 = 4kg, I3 = 0.01kgm2, I4 = 0.04kgm2, Determine Forces F03 and F04, Torques
T03 and T04, and Moment arms e3 and e4
 MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

Fig Q3

SOLUTION
a. Linkages, Cams and Gears or Gear trains.
b.
𝑎 𝑔3 = 𝑎 𝐴 +𝑎 𝑔3𝐴 = −33.75𝑖 −58.46𝑗 + 𝑎 𝑔3𝐴

𝑎 𝑔3 = 𝑎 𝐵 +𝑎 𝑔3𝐵 = −41.28𝑖 +16.9𝑗 + 𝑎 𝑔3𝐵

𝑎 𝑔3𝐴 = −𝑎 𝑔3𝐵

𝑎 𝑔3 = −33.75𝑖 −58.46𝑗 − 𝑎 𝑔3𝐵

𝑎 𝑔3 = −41.28𝑖 +16.9𝑗 + 𝑎 𝑔3𝐵

2𝑎 𝑔3 = −75.03𝑖 −41.56𝑗

𝑎𝑔 𝑗

|𝑎 𝑔

|𝑎 𝑔 𝑚𝑠

𝜃𝑔 𝑜

𝜃𝑔 𝑜

𝑎𝑔𝑛 𝑚𝑠

𝑎𝑔𝑡 𝑚𝑠

|𝑎𝑔4| = √(12.69)2 +(26.89)2

|𝑎𝑔4| = 29.73𝑚𝑠−2
 MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

𝜃𝑔 𝑜

𝐹𝑜3 = 𝑚3𝑎𝑔3 = 2×42.89 = 85.78𝑁

𝑇𝑜3 = 𝐼3𝛼3 = 0.01×376.8 = 3.77𝑁𝑚

𝐼3 𝛼3 3.77
𝑒3 = = = 0.044𝑚
𝐹03 85.78

𝑒3 = 0.044𝑚

𝐹𝑜4 = 𝑚4𝑎𝑔4 = 4×29.73 = 118.92𝑁

𝑇𝑜4 = 𝐼4𝛼4 = 0.04×201.7 = 8.07𝑁𝑚

𝐼4 𝛼4 8.07
𝑒4 = = = 0.068𝑚
𝐹04 118.92

𝑒4 = 0.068𝑚

Question Four
Three masses of 5, 7 and 12kg are attached to a shaft in the same transverse plane at radii 30,
45 and 25mm and at angular positions 0o, 52o, and 220o, respectively.
i. Determine the out of balance force if the shaft rotates at 300rev/min.
ii. Find the magnitude and angular setting of single mass at 40mm radius which will balance
the shaft.
iii. If the shaft is supported by bearings on each side of the plane distant 200mm and 225mm
from it, find the out of balance force on each of the bearings.

SOLUTION

∑𝐹 = 0

5×0.03(cos0𝑖 +sin0𝑗) = 0.15𝑖

7×0.045(cos52𝑖 +sin52𝑗) = 0.194𝑖+0.248𝑗

12×0.025(cos220𝑖+sin220𝑗) = −0.23𝑖−0.193𝑗

𝐹1 +𝐹2 +𝐹3 +𝐹4 = 0

𝑚1𝑟1 +𝑚2𝑟2 +𝑚3𝑟3 +𝑚4𝑟4 = 0

 MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

0.15𝑖+0.194𝑖+0.248𝑗−0.23𝑖−0.193𝑗+𝑚4𝑟4 = 0

𝑚4𝑟4 = −0.114𝑖−0.055𝑗

|𝑚

|𝑚4𝑟4| = 0.126

300𝑟𝑝𝑚 = = 31.42𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
𝐹4 = 𝑚4𝑟4𝜔2
𝐹4 = 0.126×31.422
𝐹4 = 124.39𝑁

𝑚=
𝑚 = 3.15𝑘𝑔
−0.055
𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 = 25.76𝑜
−0.114

𝜃 = 205.76o, 3𝑟𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡

Let the bearings be 𝐵𝐴 and A 𝐵

𝐵𝐴 +𝐵𝐵 = 124.39

Taking moments about 𝐵𝐴

124.39×200 = 425𝐵𝐵

𝐵𝐵 = 58.54𝑁

𝐵𝐴 +58.54 = 124.39

𝐵𝐴 = 65.85𝑁
 MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

Question Five

a. Draw and explain the working of the

propeller.
b. Assume that a 4.5m solid aluminium alloy
propeller rotating at 1200rpm has the
uniform blade shape shown in Fig. 3. The
blade length is 1.5m, b =200mm, and
t=25mm, and the blade angle is 20o.
Determine the tensile force on the shank
by the centrifugal force on the blade and
the corresponding twisting moment on
the shank. (𝜌=0.00272kg/cm3)

Total inertia force

𝑅⃗𝑜 2 − 𝑅⃗𝑖 2
𝐹𝑛 = 𝜌𝑡𝜔2 𝑏 [ ]
2

The total twisting moment

1
𝑀𝑡 = 𝜌𝑡 𝜔2 b3 cos 𝛽 sin 𝛽 (𝑅⃗𝑜 − 𝑅⃗𝑖 )
12

Fig. 3

Question Six
Three rotating masses, A = 14kg, B=11kg and C =21kg are carried on a shaft, with centres of mass
275mm, 400mm and 150mm respectively from the shaft axis. The angular positions of B and C
from A are 60o and 135o respectively from A, measured in the same direction. The distance
between the planes of rotation of A and B is 1.35m and between those of A and C is 3.6m, B
and C being on the same side of A. Two balance masses are fitted, each with centre of mass
225mm from the shaft axis, in planes midway between those of A and B and of B and C.
Determine the magnitude and angular position with respect to A of each balance mass.

m r a > > in rad cos sin mr

A 14 0.275 0 0 0 1 0 3.85

X mx 0.225 0.675 θ θ cos θ sin θ 0.225 mx

B 11 0.4 1.35 60 1.04762 0.499635 0.866236 4.4

Y my 0.225 2.475 α α cos α sin α 0.225my

 MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

C 21 0.15 3.6 135 2.35714 -0.70778 0.706436 3.15

mri mrj mra mrai mraj

A 3.85 0 0 0 0

X 0.225 mx cos θ 0.225 mx sin θ 0.152 mx 0.152mx cos θ 0.152 mx sin θ

B 2.19839369 3.81143873 5.94 2.967831478 5.145442286

Y 0.225my cos α 0.225my sin α 0.557my 0.557my cos α 0.557my sin α

C -2.2294977 2.22527298 11.34 -8.026191858 8.010982727

∑mri = 0.025 m𝑋cos θ+0.025my cos α+3.819 = 0

m𝑋cos θ+my cos α = −16.973

∑mrJ = 0.025 m𝑋sin θ+0.025my sin α+6.037 = 0

m𝑋sin θ+my sin α = −26.830
MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN JULY

∑mrai = 0.152 m𝑋cos θ+0.557my cos α−5.058 = 0

m𝑋cos θ+3.67my cos α = 33.31
∑mraJ = 0.152 m𝑋sin θ+0.557my sin α+13.156 = 0
m𝑋sin θ+3.67my sin α = −86.55

m𝑋sin θ+3.67my sin α = −86.55

m𝑋sin θ+my sin α = −26.830
2.67my sin α = −59.72
my sin α = −22.36

m𝑋cos θ+3.67my cos α = 33.31

m𝑋cos θ+my cos α = −16.973
2.67my cos α = 50.28
my cos α = 18.83

my sin α = −22.36
my cos α = 18.83
tan α = −1.188

α = −49.9 ~−50
α = 310𝑜,4𝑡ℎ 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡

my sin α = −22.36
my sin 310 = −22.36
my = 29.19𝑘𝑔

m𝑋sin θ+my sin α = −26.830

m𝑋sin θ+29.19 sin 310 = −26.830
m𝑋sinθ−22.36 = −26.830
m𝑋sin θ = −4.47

m𝑋cos θ+my cos α = −16.973

m𝑋cos θ+29.19 cos 310 = −16.973
m𝑋cosθ+18.769 = −16.973
m𝑋cos θ = −35.742

m𝑋sin θ = −4.47
m𝑋cos θ = −35.742

tan θ = 0.125
θ = 7.125 ~ 7
 MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN JULY

θ = 187𝑜,3𝑟𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡

m𝑋sin θ = −4.47
m𝑋sin 187 = −4.47
m𝑋 = 36.68𝑘𝑔

Question Seven
The turning moment diagram for one revolution of a multi-cylinder engine shows the following
intercepted areas in mm2 above and below the load torque line: 95, -210, 100, -59, 540, -270,
60, -300, 44. The vertical and horizontal scales are 1mm equal to 500Nm and 1mm equal to 6o.
If the mean speed is 500rev/min and the overall fluctuation in speed is not to exceed 3 percent,
determine the moment of inertia of the flywheel. (8 marks)
Determine the mass, m and thickness t of the flywheel in “b” if it is a cast iron disc type
flywheel, 300mm diameter and the density of cast iron is 7.2g/cm3

Question Eight
a. What is the function of a Flywheel?
b. Define the term Coefficient of Fluctuation.
c. The turning moment diagram for an engine is drawn based on crank angle and the mean resisting
torque line is added. The areas above and below the mean line taken in order, are 3865, 1245,
1850 and 4470mm2, the scales being 1mm =200Nm torque and 1mm = 4o crank angle. If the
moment of inertia of the flywheel fitted is 490.53𝑘𝑔𝑚2, determine the coefficient of fluctuation
if the engine runs at 400rpm.

Question Nine

Question One.
a. Using the figure below and given
that N is the number of fans and
each fan subtends an angle 𝜙 =
2𝜋
𝑁
. Show that the force on the fan
blade is
2𝜋
𝐹= 𝜌𝑡𝜔2 [𝑅⃗𝑜 3 − 𝑅⃗𝑖 3 ]
3𝑁
Where ρ = density of material, t =
thickness of fan, ω = angular velocity of
fan and other parameters are as defined
in the diagram
Figure Q1
 MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN JULY

SOLUTION
(1a) Since the blades widens as the radius increases, the mass of the blade varies with both the radius and
the angle 𝜙 subtended by the blade. Hence an elemental mass dm is given by

𝑑𝑚 = 𝜌𝑡𝑅⃗𝑑𝜙𝑑𝑅⃗
Note that 𝑅⃗𝑑𝜙 is the circumferential length of the elemental volume to give the volume of the mass= 𝑡𝑅⃗𝑑𝜙𝑑𝑅⃗.

And

𝑑𝐹 = 𝑑𝑚 𝑎𝑛 = 𝜌𝑡𝜔2 𝑅⃗2 𝑑𝜙𝑑𝑅⃗

Therefore
2𝜋
𝜙= 𝑅=𝑅𝑜
𝑁
𝐹 = 𝜌𝑡𝜔2 ∫ ∫ 𝑅⃗ 2 𝑑𝜙𝑑𝑅⃗
𝜙=0 𝑅=𝑅𝑖

𝑅=𝑅𝑜
2𝜋
𝐹= 𝜌𝑡𝜔2 ∫ 𝑅⃗ 2 𝑑𝜙𝑑𝑅⃗
𝑁 𝑅=𝑅𝑖

2𝜋
𝐹= 𝜌𝑡𝜔2 [𝑅⃗𝑜 3 − 𝑅⃗𝑖 3 ]
3𝑁
Where N is the number of blades

b. Assuming that a fan is simulated by the configuration of figure Q1, determine the maximum blade stress
(N/cm2) due to centrifugal force for a 26-cm diameter fan. The fan has 8 blades of 0.107cm thickness
mounted on a hub of 6cm diameter rotating at 3600rpm. Density 𝜌 = 0.00769𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚3

SOLUTION

(1b) Given: Ro = 26/2 cm = 13cm; Ri = 6/2 cm = 3cm; t = 0.107cm; 𝜌 = 0.00769𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚3

Now, ω = 2π* 3600/60 = 2π*60 = 120π = 376.99 rad/sec

Centrifugal force is:

2𝜋
𝐹= 𝜌𝑡𝜔2 [𝑅⃗𝑜 3 − 𝑅⃗𝑖 3 ]
3𝑁
Stress at the root is:
2𝜋 8
𝜎= 𝜌𝑡𝜔2 [𝑅⃗𝑜 3 − 𝑅⃗𝑖 3 ] ∗
3𝑁 2πtRi
8 1
𝜎= 𝜌𝑡𝜔2 [𝑅⃗𝑜 3 − 𝑅⃗𝑖 3 ] ∗
3∗8 tRi
1 𝑘𝑔 (376.99)2 𝑟𝑎𝑑 3 3] 3
1
𝜎 = ∗ 0.00769 3 ∗ 0.00107𝑚 ∗ ∗ [13 − 3 𝑐𝑚 ∗
3 𝑐𝑚 𝑠2 3cm ∗ 0.107cm
1 1
𝜎= ∗ 0.00769 ∗ 0.00107 ∗ (376.99)2 [2197 − 27] ∗ 𝑁/cm2
9 0.107
1 1
𝜎= ∗ 0.00769 ∗ 0.00107 ∗ (376.99)2 [2170] ∗ 𝑁/cm2
9 0.107
 MEE 312 – MECHANICS OF MACHINE II EXAM MARKING SCHEME
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN JULY

𝜎 = 2,635.1371 𝑁/cm2
Question Ten
Define and/or explain the following:
1. Centrifugal and centripetal forces
2. Global and local coordinates
3. 4.bar Mechanism
4. 4-stroke engine
5. Inertia force
6. Transverse plane
7. Balancing of machinery
8. Counterweight
9. Coefficient of fluctuation
10. Power stroke
11. Turning moment diagram
12. Vanes, fans and propellers
13. Rotating reference axis
14. Kinematic analysis of mechanism
15. In which reference frame is velocity of point A designated 𝑣𝐴𝑛 and 𝑣𝐴𝑡 ? And what are 𝑣𝐴𝑛 and 𝑣𝐴𝑡 ?