KMTC/QP-08/EPS

KENYA MEDICAL TRAINING COLLEGE

FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY
2023/2024 ACADEMIC YEAR
FQE EXAMINATIONS
MARCH 2022 CLASS & SEPTEMBER 2023 CLASS (2.1)
PAPER: HEALTH STATISTICS

DATE: 21ST SEPTEMBER 2024 TIME: 2 HOURS (8:00AM – 10:00AM)

INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consists of
• Section 1: (40 Multiple Choice Questions)
• Section 2: (8 Short Answer Questions)
• Section 3: (1 Long Answer Question)
2. Attempt ALL Questions
3. Write your COLLEGE NUMBER on all the answer sheets provided and on the question
paper.
4. Answer to Section 1 (multiple choice questions) should be written in CAPITAL LETTERS
(UPPERCASE) on the answer sheets provided
5. You should not write or make any markings on the question paper apart from your college
number.
6. Ensure that all examination answer scripts are handed in at the end of the examination.
7. Ensure you sign the examination register provided
COLLEGE NUMBER ………………………………………………………

1|Page
 KMTC/QP-08/EPS

HEALTH STATISTICS

SECTION 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (30 MARKS)

1. The following statements are true about the Standard Deviation except:
A. Have values that are generally comparable with the average value
B. It is the square root of the Variance
C. It is measured in the unit of the variable.
D. It is measured in the squared unit of the variable.
2. Which scale is suitable for use in measuring the growth stages of a disease:
A. Ratio scale
B. Ordinal Scale
C. Nominal Scale
D. Alphanumeric scale
3. Which of the following is not a measure of dispersion?
A. Mean deviation
B. Third Quartile
C. Co-efficient of Variance
D. C-efficient of skewness
4. A sample of six employees had their salaries listed as 15,000 13,000 24,000 19,000 14,500,
what is the standard deviation?
A. Spokesman
B. Leader
C. Liaison
D. Monitor
5. Which of the following is not a variable type in Health Statistical research?
A. Outliers
B. Dependent
C. Independent
D. Intervening
6. Which of the following is not a category of Kurtosis?
A. Multikurtic
B. Mesokurtic
C. Platykurtic
D. Leptokurtic
7. The following are types of data correlation except which one?
A. Strong Correlation.
B. Weak positive Correlation
C. Strong Negative Correlation
D. Strong positive Correlation
8. Which of the following is true about mode?
A. It has the least number of observations

2|Page
 KMTC/QP-08/EPS

B. It cannot be more than one observed value.

C. It can be estimated using a Histogram.
D. It is a measure of dispersion
9. Given the Arithmetic average of 25 series of values to be 16, then the sum of these 25 values
will be:
A. 410
B. 390
C. 476
D. 400
10. Indicate which statement below best describes the Correlation Model
A. A model that establishes a linear relationship between two variables
B. A model that predicts the future value of two or more variables with a linear
relationship.
C. A model that quantifies the mathematical linear relationship between two or more
variables
D. A model that establishes a linear relationship between two or more variables
11. ______________ is a concept in statistics that is concerned with the study of quantitative
data, its analysis and reporting.
A. Biostatistics
B. Quantitative Statistics
C. Inferential Statistics
D. Health Statistics
12. Statistical data analysis yields result that can be presented in a form that is suitable for the
users. Which of the following is not a data presentation format?
A. Line graph
B. Pie Chart
C. Ogive Curve
D. All of the above
13. Sampling methods are diverse and they depend on the nature of the population, its
characteristics, Investigators budget and time required. Which one of the following is false
with respect to Sampling methods?
A. Quota sampling is one of the techniques applied.
B. Sow ball is a method used in sampling.
C. Purposive interview is not a sampling method.
D. Stratified sampling is a probabilistic sampling method.
14. Which of the following best describes main branches of statistics?
A. Biostatistics, health Statistics
B. Quantitative statistics, Inferential statistics
C. Geospatial statistics, Inferential statistics
D. Descriptive statistics, Business statistics
15. The following are reasons for studying Statistics; except:
A. It is a career Subject
B. It helps in providing information for decision-making.

3|Page
 KMTC/QP-08/EPS

C. It helps managers with tools and techniques for solving business challenges and
problems.
D. It is illegal for use in research process.
16. The following are methods for calculating the co-efficient of Correlation; except:
A. Karl Pearson method
B. Spearman’s Rank method
C. Kelly’s method
D. All of the above.
17. The correlation co-efficient for two parameters measured in 621 patients is r = - 0.9283.This
means that?
A. There are too few cases observed and we do not trust the coefficient’s’ value.
B. The two parameters are indirectly correlated, and the link is weak positive.
C. The two parameters are directly correlated, and the link is Strong negative.
D. The two parameters are directly correlated, and the link is weak positive.
18. The following are measures of central location except;
A. Mean Deviation
B. Deciles
C. Median
D. Average
19. Which statement below is true about Population?
A. It can be homogenous or heterogenous in characteristics.
B. It is a subset of a sample
C. Its study is called sampling
D. It is both cheaper and less time-consuming to study a population.
20. The following are types of interviews except:
A. Panel interview
B. Telephone interview
C. Street interview
D. None of the above.
21. One of the following is not an emerging issue and trend in Health Statistics:
A. Artificial intelligence
B. Digitalization of health care systems
C. Data analytics & visualization
D. Globalization.
22. The scientific decision-making process is initiated by Data and information gathering about
the situation or problem that requires a decision to be made. Which of the following is
usually the last step in the decision-making process?
A. Evaluation of the available alternatives.
B. Formulation of the alternatives.
C. Monitoring and evaluation of the implemented decision for corrective action if things
are not going as planned.
D. Modelling the problems variables into a mathematical model that is capable of having
a solution.

4|Page
 KMTC/QP-08/EPS

23. Which of the following is not true about Data?

A. It can be heterogenous
B. It can be Homogenous
C. It can be a mixture of both homogenous and heterogenous characteristics
D. Non-of the above.
24. Given the median to be 25 and Mode to be 23.5,what is the arithmetic mean of the given data
set?
A. 25
B. 27.55
C. 25.75
D. 25.7
25. What decile value is less than 6th Decile(D6)?
A. 0.5
B. 0.9
C. 0.75
D. 0.71
26. Which one of the following statements is true about correlation co-efficient?
A. It is always between 0 and 10.
B. It is always between 0 and 1.
C. It is always between -10 and 10.
D. It is always between -1 and 1.
27. What is the standard deviation of a sample of five friends whose scores were recorded
as:19,12,18,14 and 16?
A. 6.24
B. 2.46
C. 2.64
D. 4.26
28. Which one of the following is not true about Histogram?
A. It is a bar graph.
B. It is drawn by plotting Upper class limits against the corresponding frequency
C. It can be used to estimate mode by intersecting the diagonals of the tallest bar.
D. It can be used to estimate median measure.
29. The following are features of good information suitable for decision-making, Except?
A. Should be complete in analysis and presentation.
B. Should be reliable.
C. Should be accurate.
D. Should be shared late.
30. The following are advantages of sampling over carrying out population census except?
A. It is time consuming
B. It is economical in terms of financial resources requirements.
C. It requires few personnel to undertake thereby saving on costs of manpower
requirements as investigators.

5|Page
 KMTC/QP-08/EPS

D. It guarantees data reliability and validity as it is easier to validate few members within
the sample.
31. The following are features of a good questionnaire design, Except?
A. Should be simple to understand.
B. Should not test the respondent’s memory or IQ.
C. Should not ask about private or embarrassing personal details like are you married?
D. Should be ambiguous in questions set.
32. The following are methods of data collection, Except?
A. Direct observation.
B. Interviewing.
C. Questionnaire method.
D. Sampling method.
33. The following are types of variables in health statistics, Except?
A. Moderating variable
B. Univariate variable
C. Dependent variable.
D. Independent variable.
34. What is the Geometric mean of the following test results taken from five patients:23,21,19,26
and 32?
A. 18
B. 24
C. 23.8
D. 32
35. The following statements are true about a scatter plot graph , Except?
A. It shows correlation in terms of plotted points.
B. It is drawn by plotting and X-variable against Y-variable.
C. It can be used to draw the regression line by joining at least three plotted points in
line.
D. It does not show linear relationship between two variables.
36. The scores that differ greatly from the measures of central tendency are called?
A. Outliers.
B. Extreme scores.
C. P-Value.
D. Raw scores.
37. The First quartile(Q1) and third quartile (Q3) are 25.8 and 74.2 respectively, what is the
interquartile range for this given data set?
A. 44.8
B. 48.4
C. 24.2
D. 50
38. The suitable average measure for quantitative data that is presented in fractions is:
A. Geometric Mean.
B. Mode.

6|Page
 KMTC/QP-08/EPS

C. Arithmetic Mean.
D. Harmonic Mean.
39. Given the Spearman’s Rank Correlation co-efficient to be R = - 0.7134,What is the co-
efficient of Determination for the given data?
A. 0.3631
B. -0.7134
C. - 0.509
D. 0.509
40. The following are terminologies used in the study of Health Statistics, Except?
A. Data collection and organization.
B. Population.
C. Data analysis.
D. Health Committee.
SECTION B: ATTEMPT ALL QUESTIONS (40 MARKS)
41. With examples of your own choice, differentiate between Univariate, Bivariate and
Multivariate data analysis.(5 marks)
42. List any five sources of secondary data.(5 marks)
43. State any five benefits of studying Statistics as a health practitioner.(5 marks)
44. Highlight any five characteristics of a good questionnaire design.(5 marks)
45. List five advantages of mode as a central measure of tendency.(5 marks)
46. Highlight the steps in decision-making process.(5 marks)
47. Define the following terms:Statistic,Parameter,Simple random sampling, Snow ball
sampling, Pie chart. (5 marks)
48. Given the below table for total marks scored by KMTC students in Two different campuses ,
calculate the combined mean and Combined standard Deviation.

KMTC Branch Mombasa Kisumu

Sample size(n) 5 8
Total sum of marks scored 485 508
Standard deviation 4.6 2.4
(5 marks)
SECTION C: (20 MARKS): ATTEMPT ONE QUESTION ONLY
49. The table below shows the marks scored by Thika KMTC students in a Pharmaceutics
Assignment. Use it to answer the questions that follow.

Class 0 -5 5 - 10 10 - 15 15 - 20 20 - 25 25 -30 30 - 35 35 -40

Frequency 6 8 12 24 36 32 24 8

Determine:
i. The Mean(2 marks)
ii. The Mode(3 marks)
7|Page
 KMTC/QP-08/EPS

iii. The Median(4 marks)

iv. The standard Deviation(6 marks)
v. The co-efficient of Variance(2 marks)
vi. The Co-efficient of Skewness(3 marks)

8|Page